Optical storage and charging integrated architecture and energy control scheduling method

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic storage and charging integrated architecture and an energy control scheduling method.The photovoltaic storage and charging integrated architecture comprises an EMS, an anti-reflux ammeter, an in-plant load, an energy storage inverter, an energy storage ammeter, a high-voltage box, a direct-current load, a charging pile system, a photovoltaic MPPT, a photovoltaic ammeter and a photovoltaic matrix, the EMS is connected with the high-voltage box through an RS485, the EMS is connected with the anti-reflux ammeter through the RS485, and the in-plant load is connected with the in-plant load through the DC load. And the EMS is connected with the photovoltaic electricity meter through an RS485. According to the invention, the energy demand of the charging pile is stably met through the DC bus architecture, the load demand can still be met in a complex scene in a grid-connected state, the load demand can also be met in an off-grid state, the system safety fault redundancy is solved, the charging pile demand can still be met even if a photovoltaic fault or a battery side fault occurs, and the system reliability is improved. Through alternating current coupling, photovoltaic power generation is converted into alternating current to a power grid side, a charging pile takes electricity from the power grid side and converts the electricity into direct current for vehicle-mounted charging, and a battery side discharges in the peak period of electricity price and discharges in the valley period of the electricity price.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic-storage-charging architecture technology, and particularly relates to an integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging architecture and energy control and scheduling method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing number of integrated photovoltaic (PV) sites, there is a need for more efficient use of PV energy to meet load demands and address the low efficiency of multi-source energy coordination. The technical approach of this invention is more focused on energy utilization. In traditional solutions, multiple AC / DC conversions are required between PV, energy storage, the grid, and charging piles (e.g., PV DC → AC → charging pile DC). This solution reduces energy conversion, improves PV utilization efficiency, and reduces the impact of high-power charging on the grid. In this invention, PV energy plus battery energy is prioritized to replenish the charging pile system, while also considering the instability caused by PV fluctuations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention provides an integrated photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging architecture and an energy control and scheduling method. This method can stably meet the energy demands of charging piles through a DC bus architecture. It also solves the problem of meeting load demands in complex scenarios, both in grid-connected and off-grid states, and addresses system safety and fault redundancy. Even if there is a photovoltaic or battery-side fault, the charging pile demand can still be met.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] An integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging architecture includes an EMS (Energy Management System), an anti-reverse current meter, an in-plant load, an energy storage inverter, an energy storage meter, a high-voltage box, a DC load, a charging pile system, a photovoltaic MPPT (Photovoltaic Multi-Purpose Test Panel), a photovoltaic meter, and a photovoltaic matrix. The EMS is connected to the high-voltage box via RS485, the anti-reverse current meter via RS485, the photovoltaic meter via RS485, the charging pile system via RS485, the energy storage meter via CAN bus, and the energy storage inverter via CAN bus. The anti-reverse current meter is connected to the power grid via AC power, and the power grid is connected to the in-plant load via AC power. Both the energy storage meter and the energy storage inverter are connected to the power grid via switches and AC power. The energy storage inverter is connected to the high-voltage box via DC power, and the high-voltage box is connected to the DC load via DC power. The photovoltaic MPPT is connected to the photovoltaic matrix and the photovoltaic meter via DC power, and the photovoltaic MPPT is connected to the charging pile system via switches and DC power. The energy storage inverter is connected to the high-voltage box and the charging pile system via dry contacts.

[0006] An energy control and scheduling method includes: Step 1: determining whether the system is off-grid or on-grid; Step 2: determining the photovoltaic operating status; Step 3: determining whether there are vehicles present or not; Step 4: determining peak and valley periods.

[0007] Preferably, in step one, if the ATS signal is received, the mains power access operation mode is grid-connected operation; if the mains power signal 1 does not receive the signal, it is off-grid operation; if the backup signal 2 of the ATS receives the signal, the diesel generator is in operation.

[0008] Preferably, in step two, grid-connected operation is divided into: photovoltaic operation and photovoltaic non-operation, wherein the photovoltaic operation priority is: during peak / peak hours, charging piles - grid load side - energy storage, and during off-peak / valley hours, charging piles - energy storage - grid load side;

[0009] When operating off-grid and with diesel generators, it is divided into photovoltaic operation and photovoltaic non-operation.

[0010] Preferably, in step three, the grid-connected photovoltaic operation is divided into two modes: with vehicles and without vehicles.

[0011] Grid-connected photovoltaic systems that are not in operation are categorized as either having vehicles or not.

[0012] When photovoltaic systems are operating off-grid or with diesel generators, they are categorized as either with or without vehicles.

[0013] When off-grid and diesel-powered photovoltaic systems are not in operation, they are categorized as either "with vehicle" or "without vehicle".

[0014] Preferably, in step four, the on-vehicle status of grid-connected photovoltaic operation is divided into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley status;

[0015] The vehicle-free operation of grid-connected photovoltaic systems is categorized into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley conditions.

[0016] The non-operational status of grid-connected photovoltaic systems with vehicles is categorized into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley peak.

[0017] The grid-connected photovoltaic system in a non-operating, vehicle-free state is categorized into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley peak.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] This invention addresses the energy needs of charging piles smoothly through a DC bus architecture. It solves the problem of meeting load demands in complex scenarios under grid-connected conditions and also meets load demands in off-grid conditions. It also solves the problem of system safety and fault redundancy, ensuring that charging piles can still meet their needs even if there is a photovoltaic or battery-side failure. Through AC coupling, photovoltaic power generation is converted into AC power for the grid side, and the charging pile draws power from the grid side and converts it into DC power for vehicle charging. The battery side discharges during peak electricity price periods and during off-peak periods, improving energy utilization, smoothing grid-side power fluctuations, enabling multi-energy coordinated control, and achieving efficient energy management. Attached Figure Description

[0020] In the diagram: 1. EMS; 2. Anti-backflow meter; 3. Plant load; 4. Energy storage inverter; 5. Energy storage meter; 6. High voltage box; 7. DC load; 8. Charging pile system; 9. Photovoltaic MPPT; 10. Photovoltaic meter; 11. Photovoltaic matrix.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing photovoltaic-storage-charging architecture.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging architecture of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy control and scheduling method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the existing photovoltaic-storage-charging architecture does not fully utilize photovoltaic energy conversion, resulting in increased curtailment rate, reduced energy efficiency, and low system stability.

[0025] In this implementation plan, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 As shown, an integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging architecture and energy control and scheduling method includes an EMS1, an anti-reverse current meter 2, an in-plant load 3, an energy storage inverter 4, an energy storage meter 5, a high-voltage box 6, a DC load 7, a charging pile system 8, a photovoltaic MPPT 9, a photovoltaic meter 10, and a photovoltaic matrix 11. The EMS1 is connected to the high-voltage box 6 via RS485, the anti-reverse current meter 2 via RS485, the photovoltaic meter 10 via RS485, the charging pile system 8 via RS485, and the energy storage meter 5 via C... The system is connected via AN, EMS1 and energy storage inverter 4 are connected via CAN, anti-reverse current meter 2 is connected to the power grid via AC, the power grid is connected to the plant load 3 via AC, energy storage meter 5 and energy storage inverter 4 are both connected to the power grid via switches and AC, energy storage inverter 4 is connected to high voltage box 6 via DC, high voltage box 6 is connected to DC load 7 via DC, photovoltaic MPPT9 is connected to photovoltaic matrix 11 and photovoltaic meter 10 via DC, photovoltaic MPPT9 is connected to charging pile system 8 via switches and DC, and energy storage inverter 4 is connected to high voltage box 6 and charging pile system 8 via dry contacts.

[0026] In this implementation plan, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 3 As shown, an energy control and scheduling method includes: Step 1: determining whether the system is off-grid or on-grid; Step 2: determining the photovoltaic operating status; Step 3: determining whether there are vehicles present or not; Step 4: determining peak and valley periods.

[0027] In this implementation scheme, specifically, in step one, the ATS signal is obtained. If the ATS main signal 1 receives the signal, the mains power access operation mode is grid-connected operation; if the ATS main signal 1 does not receive the signal, it is off-grid operation; if the ATS backup signal 2 receives the signal, the diesel generator is in operation.

[0028] In this implementation plan, specifically in step two, grid-connected operation is divided into: photovoltaic operation and photovoltaic non-operation. The photovoltaic operation priority is: during peak / peak hours, charging piles - grid load side - energy storage; during off-peak / valley hours, charging piles - energy storage - grid load side.

[0029] When operating off-grid and with diesel generators, it is divided into photovoltaic operation and photovoltaic non-operation.

[0030] In this implementation plan, specifically in step three, the grid-connected photovoltaic operation is divided into two phases: with vehicle and without vehicle.

[0031] Grid-connected photovoltaic systems that are not in operation are categorized as either having vehicles or not.

[0032] When photovoltaic power is operating in both off-grid and diesel-powered systems, the system operates in two modes: with and without vehicles. When vehicles are present, charging piles are prioritized, with energy storage supplementing any shortfall. When the energy storage level drops below 20%, the dry contact is closed to start the diesel generator. At this time, the charging pile power must be limited to the rated power of the energy storage converter. When the battery level is above 80%, the dry contact is opened to stop the diesel generator. The energy storage then supplies power to the vehicle, which is equal to the charging pile power minus the photovoltaic power at this time. When vehicles are not present, photovoltaic power is prioritized to supply the load, with energy storage supplementing any shortfall. The maximum power supplied to the external energy storage converter is its own rated power. If the energy storage level drops below 20%, the dry contact is closed to start the diesel generator. When the battery level is above 80%, the dry contact is opened to stop the diesel generator. The energy storage then supplies power to the load, which is equal to the load power minus the photovoltaic power.

[0033] When the off-grid and diesel-powered photovoltaic systems are not operating, the system operates in two modes: with and without vehicles. With vehicles, the energy storage supplies power to the charging pile. When the energy storage level drops below 20%, the dry contact closes to start the diesel generator, and the energy storage converter outputs its rated power. When the battery level is above 80%, the dry contact opens to stop the diesel generator, and the energy storage powers the load. Without vehicles, the energy storage powers the load. When the energy storage level drops below 20%, the dry contact closes to start the diesel generator, and the energy storage converter outputs its rated power. When the battery level is above 80%, the dry contact opens to stop the diesel generator, and the energy storage powers the load, supplying power to the external energy storage converter up to its rated power.

[0034] In this implementation plan, specifically in step four, the on-vehicle status of the grid-connected photovoltaic system is divided into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley periods. During peak / high-peak periods, priority is given to charging piles, with energy storage supplementing any shortfall in power. The grid side also provides additional power, with the energy storage inverter drawing power from the grid. This power is calculated as the charging pile's required power minus the photovoltaic power provided at that time, and then minus the power provided by the energy storage. If the energy storage is depleted at this time, the energy storage inverter, combined with photovoltaic power, supplements the charging pile side. During off-peak / valley periods, priority is given to charging piles, with the grid side supplementing any shortfall in power. The energy storage side also provides additional power, with the charging pile's required power minus the photovoltaic power provided at that time, and then minus the power provided by the grid. If the energy storage is depleted at this time, the power is calculated as the energy storage inverter power plus photovoltaic power supplementing the charging pile side.

[0035] The grid-connected photovoltaic system operates in a vehicle-free state, which is divided into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley. During peak / high-peak periods, priority is given to the load side, and the power is discharged to the grid side. If the power is insufficient, it is supplemented by energy storage, and the maximum power does not exceed the rated power of the energy storage inverter. During off-peak / valley periods, priority is given to the energy storage side. If the power is insufficient, it is supplemented by the rated power of the energy storage inverter. The power drawn from the grid is the rated power of the energy storage minus the photovoltaic power at this time.

[0036] When grid-connected photovoltaic systems are not operating and vehicles are present, the conditions are divided into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley. During peak / high-peak periods, energy storage meets the needs of the charging pile side. When the energy storage is emptied, the energy storage converter draws power from the grid at the rated power of the energy storage converter, limiting the charging pile power to the rated power of the energy storage converter. During off-peak / valley periods, the PCS prioritizes drawing power from the grid, with the power being the rated power of the energy storage converter itself. If the power is insufficient, the energy storage supplements the energy storage. When the energy storage is emptied, the power on the charging pile side is limited to the rated power of the energy storage converter.

[0037] The grid-connected photovoltaic system is in a vehicle-free state when it is not in operation, which is divided into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley. During peak / high-peak periods, the energy storage meets the power requirements of the load side, and the maximum rated power of the energy storage converter itself is reached. The energy storage venting system stops working. During off-peak / valley periods, the grid power is used first to supplement the energy storage, and the system stops working when the energy is fully charged.

[0038] In this implementation plan, specifically, the system can be scheduled to operate based on the different electricity prices in different regions, and can also operate in different scenarios. It has both grid-connected and off-grid switching modes and multiple application scenarios.

[0039] In this implementation plan, photovoltaic power generation is fed into the DC bus via an MPPT (Multi-Pulse Power Controller), and battery output is also fed into the DC bus. The charging pile system draws power from the DC bus. The energy dispatch of the entire system is calculated using photovoltaic power meters, prioritizing charging piles over loads over batteries. This mitigates grid impact and improves system stability. Two safety control schemes are implemented: communication and dry contact output. If photovoltaic power generation fails, disconnecting the MPPT does not affect charging pile startup. If the mains power fails, battery output does not affect charging pile startup. If the battery fails, it can be started by disconnecting the DC side of the battery through the high-voltage box, or by combining mains power with photovoltaic power to start the charging pile system. These management strategies ensure user experience, provide redundant protection during system failures, and reduce grid impact. Anti-reverse current meters calculate load consumption, allowing for energy dispatch across the entire system and reducing photovoltaic curtailment.

[0040] Any technical solution that achieves the above-mentioned technical effects by utilizing the technical solutions described in this invention, or by designing similar technical solutions by those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the technical solutions described in this invention, falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated architecture, characterized in that, The system includes an EMS (1), an anti-reverse current meter (2), an in-plant load (3), an energy storage inverter (4), an energy storage meter (5), a high-voltage box (6), a DC load (7), a charging pile system (8), a photovoltaic MPPT (9), a photovoltaic meter (10), and a photovoltaic matrix (11). The EMS (1) is connected to the high-voltage box (6) via RS485, the EMS (1) is connected to the anti-reverse current meter (2) via RS485, the EMS (1) is connected to the photovoltaic meter (10) via RS485, the EMS (1) is connected to the charging pile system (8) via RS485, and the EMS (1) is connected to the energy storage meter (5) via CAN. 1) The energy storage inverter (4) is connected via CAN. The anti-reverse current meter (2) is connected to the power grid via AC power. The power grid is connected to the plant load (3) via AC power. The energy storage meter (5) and the energy storage inverter (4) are both connected to the power grid via switches and AC power. The energy storage inverter (4) is connected to the high voltage box (6) via DC power. The high voltage box (6) is connected to the DC load (7) via DC power. The photovoltaic MPPT (9) is connected to the photovoltaic matrix (11) and the photovoltaic meter (10) via DC power. The photovoltaic MPPT (9) is connected to the charging pile system (8) via switches and DC power. The energy storage inverter (4) is connected to the high voltage box (6) and the charging pile system (8) via dry contacts.

2. An energy control and scheduling method, comprising: Step 1: Determine whether the system is off-grid or grid-connected; Step 2: Determine the photovoltaic operating status; Step 3: Determine if there is a car or not; Step 4: Determine the peak and trough periods.

3. The photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated architecture and energy control and scheduling method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, if the ATS signal is received, the mains power access operation mode is grid-connected; if the mains power signal 1 is not received, the operation mode is off-grid; if the backup signal 2 of the ATS is received, the diesel generator is in operation.

4. The photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated architecture and energy control and scheduling method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, grid-connected operation is divided into: photovoltaic operation and photovoltaic non-operation. The photovoltaic operation priority is: during peak / peak hours, charging piles - grid load side - energy storage; during off-peak / valley hours, charging piles - energy storage - grid load side. When operating off-grid and with diesel generators, it is divided into photovoltaic operation and photovoltaic non-operation.

5. The photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated architecture and energy control and scheduling method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the operation of grid-connected photovoltaic systems is divided into two categories: with vehicles and without vehicles. Grid-connected photovoltaic systems that are not in operation are categorized as either having vehicles or not. When photovoltaic systems are operating off-grid or with diesel generators, they are categorized as either with or without vehicles. When off-grid and diesel-powered photovoltaic systems are not in operation, they are categorized as either "with vehicle" or "without vehicle".

6. The photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated architecture and energy control and scheduling method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the on-vehicle status of grid-connected photovoltaic systems is divided into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley status. The vehicle-free operation of grid-connected photovoltaic systems is categorized into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley conditions. The non-operational status of grid-connected photovoltaic systems with vehicles is categorized into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley peak. The grid-connected photovoltaic system in a non-operating, vehicle-free state is categorized into peak / high-peak and off-peak / valley peak.

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