Fertilizing method suitable for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco planting area

Abstract

The invention relates to a fertilizing method suitable for flue-cured tobacco in a high-calcium soil tobacco planting area, which comprises the following steps: applying a basic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting in the flue-cured tobacco planting area, and applying an inorganic magnesium fertilizer according to the content of exchangeable calcium in soil; when the content of exchangeable calcium in the soil of the flue-cured tobacco planting area is 1000-1600 mg / kg, 120-180 kg / hm < 2 > of inorganic magnesium fertilizer is applied; when the content of exchangeable calcium is 1600-2200 mg / kg, 270-330 kg / hm < 2 > of inorganic magnesium fertilizer is applied; when the content of exchangeable calcium exceeds 2200 mg / kg, applying 420-480 kg / hm < 2 > of inorganic magnesium fertilizer. According to the characteristics that the high-calcium soil tobacco planting area is high in calcium content and unbalanced in calcium-magnesium ratio, the fertilization method for the high-calcium soil tobacco planting area is developed, that is, the application amount of the inorganic magnesium fertilizer is reasonably adjusted according to the exchangeable calcium content in the soil, and the tobacco planting basic fertilizer is applied in a combined mode; excessive calcium in soil is relieved, absorption of the flue-cured tobacco on elements such as magnesium and potassium is inhibited, the flue-cured tobacco is promoted to reasonably absorb required nutrient elements, and the yield and quality of the flue-cured tobacco are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of flue-cured tobacco planting and relates to a fertilization method suitable for flue-cured tobacco in a high-calcium soil tobacco planting area. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tobacco is one of the important economic crops in China, and flue-cured tobacco is the main type of tobacco cultivation. The planting area and quality of flue-cured tobacco have a significant impact on the economy. Due to its suitable climate conditions and good land endowment, the southwest tobacco area has become the core planting area of flue-cured tobacco in China, and Jingxi is an important tobacco production area in Guangxi.

[0003] Tobacco yield and quality are mainly affected by factors such as field management, climate, soil, and fertilization. Jingxi belongs to a typical karst topography, and carbonate rocks such as limestone and dolomite release calcium ions during weathering, which are then dissolved by rainwater and enter the soil system, forming high-calcium soil. The exchangeable calcium content of the soil is positively correlated with the calcium content absorbed by tobacco, while the calcium content of flue-cured tobacco is negatively correlated with the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco. When the calcium content is too high, the tobacco score and total quality score decrease, and excessive calcium in the soil affects the absorption and utilization of other nutrients by plants. Therefore, flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil areas has low quality, and the chemical composition of tobacco is not coordinated, affecting its burning and sensory quality.

[0004] Calcium-magnesium balance is an important guarantee for plant growth, and flue-cured tobacco planted in soil with an imbalance in the calcium-magnesium ratio has the problem of "smooth and rigid" tobacco leaves. Currently, there is a lack of fertilization strategies suitable for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco planting areas. Therefore, providing a fertilization method suitable for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco planting areas is a problem that needs to be solved in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a fertilization method suitable for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco planting areas. This method is suitable for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco planting areas, and by adjusting the amount of inorganic magnesium fertilizer based on the exchangeable calcium content in the soil and applying basic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting, the agronomic traits and quality of flue-cured tobacco can be comprehensively improved.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fertilization method suitable for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco planting areas, which comprises applying basic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting in the flue-cured tobacco planting area and applying inorganic magnesium fertilizer based on the exchangeable calcium content in the soil.

[0008] When the exchangeable calcium content in the soil of the flue-cured tobacco planting area is 1000-1600 mg / kg, 120-180 kg / hm of inorganic magnesium fertilizer is applied. 2; when the content of exchangeable calcium in the soil of the flue-cured tobacco planting area is 1600-2200 mg / kg, inorganic magnesium fertilizer 270-330 kg / hm 2 ; when the content of exchangeable calcium in the soil of the flue-cured tobacco planting area exceeds 2200 mg / kg, inorganic magnesium fertilizer 420-480 kg / hm 2 .

[0009] Among them, the specific point value in 1000-1600 mg / kg can be selected as 1000 mg / kg, 1100 mg / kg, 1200 mg / kg, 1300 mg / kg, 1400 mg / kg, 1500 mg / kg, 1600 mg / kg, etc. ; Among them, the specific point value in 120-180 kg / hm 2 can be selected as 120 kg / hm 2 , 125 kg / hm 2 , 130 kg / hm 2 , 135 kg / hm 2 , 140 kg / hm 2 , 145 kg / hm 2 , 150 kg / hm 2 , 155 kg / hm 2 , 160 kg / hm 2 , 165 kg / hm 2 , 170 kg / hm 2 , 175 kg / hm 2 , 180 kg / hm 2 , etc. ; Among them, 1600-2200 mg / kg can be selected as 1700 mg / kg, 1800 mg / kg, 1900 mg / kg, 2000 mg / kg, 2100 mg / kg, 2200 mg / kg, etc. ; Among them, the specific point value in 270-330 kg / hm 2 can be selected as 270 kg / hm 2 , 275 kg / hm 2 , 280 kg / hm 2 , 285 kg / hm 2 , 290 kg / hm 2 , 295 kg / hm 2 , 300 kg / hm 2 , 305 kg / hm 2 , 310 kg / hm 2 , 315 kg / hm 2 , 320 kg / hm 2 , 325 kg / hm 2, 330 kg / hm 2 etc.; wherein more than 2200 mg / kg can be chosen from 2300 mg / kg, 2400 mg / kg, 2500 mg / kg, 2600 mg / kg, 2700 mg / kg, 2800 mg / kg, etc.; wherein 420-480 kg / hm 2 specific point values in the range of 420 kg / hm 2 , 425 kg / hm 2 , 430 kg / hm 2 , 435 kg / hm 2 , 440 kg / hm 2 , 445 kg / hm 2 , 450 kg / hm 2 , 455 kg / hm 2 , 460 kg / hm 2 , 465 kg / hm 2 , 470 kg / hm 2 , 475 kg / hm 2 , 480 kg / hm 2 etc. can be chosen; other unlisted specific point values in the above numerical ranges can be chosen, which will not be listed one by one here.

[0010] The present application is based on the characteristics of high calcium soil in tobacco growing areas, i.e. high calcium content in the soil and unbalanced ratio of calcium and magnesium. A fertilization method for high calcium soil in tobacco growing areas is developed, i.e. adjusting the application amount of inorganic magnesium fertilizer according to the exchangeable calcium content in the soil, combining with the application of basic fertilizer for tobacco planting, to alleviate the inhibition of excessive calcium in the soil on the absorption of magnesium, potassium and other elements by tobacco, promote the reasonable absorption of required nutrient elements by tobacco, and improve the yield and quality of tobacco.

[0011] Preferably, the inorganic magnesium fertilizer comprises magnesium sulfate and / or magnesium sulfate hydrate (e.g. magnesium sulfate monohydrate, magnesium sulfate pentahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, etc.).

[0012] Preferably, the basic fertilizer for tobacco planting is applied in three times, the first application time is 20-25 days before tobacco planting (e.g. 25 days before planting, 24 days before planting, 23 days before planting, 22 days before planting, 21 days before planting, 20 days before planting), the second application time is 7-10 days after tobacco planting (e.g. 7 days after planting, 8 days after planting, 9 days after planting, 10 days after planting), and the third application time is 20-30 days after tobacco planting (e.g. 20 days after planting, 22 days after planting, 24 days after planting, 25 days after planting, 26 days after planting, 28 days after planting, 30 days after planting, etc.).

[0013] In the present application, the base fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting is preferably applied in three times, and the effect of improving the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco is more optimal.

[0014] Preferably, the first application amount of the base fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting is 80-120 g / m, such as 80 g / m, 90 g / m, 100 g / m, 110 g / m, 120 g / m, etc., and other specific point values in the numerical range can be selected, which will not be repeated here.

[0015] Preferably, the second application amount of the base fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting is 2-5 g / m, such as 2 g / m, 2.5 g / m, 3 g / m, 3.5 g / m, 4 g / m, 4.5 g / m, 5 g / m, etc., and other specific point values in the numerical range can be selected, which will not be repeated here.

[0016] Preferably, the third application amount of the base fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting is 2-5 g / m, such as 2 g / m, 2.5 g / m, 3 g / m, 3.5 g / m, 4 g / m, 4.5 g / m, 5 g / m, etc., and other specific point values in the numerical range can be selected, which will not be repeated here.

[0017] In the present application, when the application amount of the base fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting meets the above specific numerical range each time, the effect of improving the agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco is more optimal.

[0018] Preferably, the application time of the inorganic magnesium fertilizer is 20-30 days after the planting of flue-cured tobacco, such as 20 days after planting, 22 days after planting, 24 days after planting, 25 days after planting, 26 days after planting, 28 days after planting, 30 days after planting, etc.

[0019] In the present application, when the application time of the inorganic magnesium fertilizer is 20-30 days after the planting of flue-cured tobacco, the effect of improving the agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco is more optimal.

[0020] Preferably, the base fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting comprises a tobacco special-purpose compound fertilizer, wherein N:P2O5:K2O=9:9:26.

[0021] Preferably, the tobacco special-purpose compound fertilizer base fertilizer further comprises any one or a combination of at least two of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, and rapeseed meal fertilizer.

[0022] Preferably, the tobacco special-purpose compound fertilizer base fertilizer further comprises any one or a combination of at least two of borax, zinc sulfate, tobacco special-purpose molybdenum fertilizer, and engineered commercial organic fertilizer; wherein the moisture content of the engineered commercial organic fertilizer is not higher than 30%, and the dry basis nutrient content is N:2.6%, P2O5:2.5%, K2O:0.4%.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present application is developed according to the characteristics of high calcium soil in tobacco planting area, i.e. high calcium content and unbalanced ratio of calcium and magnesium in soil. A fertilization method for high calcium soil in tobacco planting area is developed, i.e. adjusting the application amount of inorganic magnesium fertilizer according to the exchangeable calcium content in soil, combining with the application of basic fertilizer for tobacco planting, to relieve the inhibition of excessive calcium in soil on the absorption of magnesium, potassium and other elements by tobacco, promote the reasonable absorption of required nutrient elements by tobacco, and improve the yield and quality of tobacco. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to further illustrate the technical means adopted by the present application and its effects, the technical solutions of the present application will be further described below in combination with the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited in the scope of the embodiments.

[0026] EMBODIMENT

[0027] (1) Three tobacco fields were selected in Huadong Town, Jingxi, Guangxi: A medium calcium plot (exchangeable calcium content in soil is 1000-1600 mg / kg), B higher calcium plot (exchangeable calcium content in soil is 1600-2200 mg / kg), and C extremely high calcium plot (exchangeable calcium content in soil is more than 2200 mg / kg), to carry out field test of tobacco planting.

[0028] (2) Grouping method: four groups were set in each tobacco field, and the application amount of heptahydrate magnesium sulfate was different in each group. They are CK group (heptahydrate magnesium sulfate application amount is 60 kg / hm 2 ), T1 group (heptahydrate magnesium sulfate application amount is 150 kg / hm 2 ), T2 group (heptahydrate magnesium sulfate application amount is 300 kg / hm 2 ), and T3 group (heptahydrate magnesium sulfate application amount is 450 kg / hm 2 ), a total of 12 plots, and the number of tobacco plants in each plot is not less than 50. The row spacing and plant spacing are 1.20 m x 0.50 m, the test variety of tobacco is K326, the standard floating seedling is adopted, and 5-leaf 1-heart healthy seedlings are transplanted. The test points are arranged in separate test plots and managed separately.

[0029] (3) Fertilization method: basic fertilizer for tobacco planting (formula is shown in Table 1) is applied in 12 plots, the first application time of basic fertilizer is 20 days before tobacco planting, the second application time is 10 days after tobacco planting, and the third application time is 25 days after tobacco planting. The application amount of basic fertilizer in each plot is shown in Table 2.

[0030] And in A, B, C land according to the above grouping method respectively in the 25th day of flue-cured tobacco planting to add different amount of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, CK group (magnesium sulfate heptahydrate application amount 60 kg / hm 2 ), T1 group (magnesium sulfate heptahydrate application amount 150 kg / hm 2 ), T2 group (magnesium sulfate heptahydrate application amount 300 kg / hm 2 ), T3 group (magnesium sulfate heptahydrate application amount 450 kg / hm 2 ).

[0031] Table 1

[0032]

[0033] Table 2

[0034]

[0035] (4) Agronomic traits determination:

[0036] The flue-cured tobacco planted in the above CK group, T1 group, T2 group and T3 group of A calcium land, B higher calcium land and C extremely high calcium land, in the mature period of flue-cured tobacco growth, 6 plants with consistent growth were selected respectively, and each piece of flue-cured tobacco leaf of the selected tobacco plant was marked with different colored wool, and the plant height (cm), stem circumference (cm), maximum leaf area (cm 2 ).

[0037] Plant height: the distance from the root neck base to the top of the stem.

[0038] Stem circumference: measure the circumference of the stem at 1 / 3 of the stem height.

[0039] Maximum leaf length and width: the maximum leaf length is generally in the waist, select the maximum leaf in the waist, measure the leaf length and width, the leaf length is measured from the main vein to the leaf tip, and the leaf width is measured at the widest part.

[0040] Maximum leaf area: maximum leaf length x maximum leaf width x 0.6345.

[0041] The detection results are shown in Table 3 (A land), Table 4 (B land) and Table 5 (C land), in the table data, the same letter means no significant difference, different letters mean significant difference (p<0.05), and the letters not marked mean no significant difference.

[0042] Table 3

[0043]

[0044] As shown in Table 3, the fertilization method of this invention can produce excellent agronomic traits in flue-cured tobacco planted in high-calcium soil, and the T1 group has a better overall effect in medium-calcium plots (soil with exchangeable calcium content of 1000-1600 mg / kg).

[0045] For medium-calcium plots (soil with exchangeable calcium content of 1000-1600 mg / kg).

[0046] Table 4

[0047]

[0048] As shown in Table 4, the fertilization method of this invention can produce excellent agronomic traits in flue-cured tobacco planted in high-calcium soil. Moreover, for plots with relatively high calcium content (the exchangeable calcium content in the soil is 1600-2200 mg / kg), the T2 group has a better overall effect.

[0049] Table 5

[0050]

[0051] As shown in Table 5, the fertilization method of this invention can produce excellent agronomic traits in flue-cured tobacco planted in high-calcium soil, and the T3 group has a better overall effect in extremely high-calcium plots (soil with exchangeable calcium content exceeding 2200 mg / kg).

[0052] The applicant declares that the technical solution of this invention is illustrated by the above embodiments, but this invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that this invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to this invention, equivalent substitutions of raw materials for the products of this invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of this invention.

[0053] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

Claims

1. A fertilization method suitable for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas, characterized in that, The fertilization method is as follows: apply basic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting in the flue-cured tobacco planting area, and apply inorganic magnesium fertilizer according to the content of exchangeable calcium in the soil; When the exchangeable calcium content in the soil of flue-cured tobacco growing areas is 1000-1600 mg / kg, apply 120-180 kg / hm² of inorganic magnesium fertilizer. 2 When the exchangeable calcium content in the soil of flue-cured tobacco growing areas is 1600-2200 mg / kg, apply 270-330 kg / hm² of inorganic magnesium fertilizer. 2 When the exchangeable calcium content in the soil of flue-cured tobacco planting areas exceeds 2200 mg / kg, apply inorganic magnesium fertilizer at a rate of 420-480 kg / hm². 2 .

2. The fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic magnesium fertilizer includes magnesium sulfate and / or magnesium sulfate hydrate.

3. The fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The basic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting is applied in three stages: the first application is 20-25 days before planting, the second application is 7-10 days after planting, and the third application is 20-30 days after planting.

4. The fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The initial application rate of the basic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting is 80-120 g / m².

5. The fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second application of the basic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting is 2-5 g / m².

6. The fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third application of the basic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting is 2-5 g / m².

7. The fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The inorganic magnesium fertilizer is applied on the 20th-30th day after the tobacco is planted.

8. The fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The basic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco planting includes tobacco-specific compound fertilizer, wherein N:P2O5:K2O=9:9:

26.

9. The fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas according to claim 8, characterized in that, The base fertilizer of the tobacco-specific compound fertilizer also includes any one or a combination of at least two of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, and rapeseed bran fertilizer.

10. The fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco in high-calcium soil tobacco-growing areas according to claim 8, characterized in that, The base fertilizer of the tobacco-specific compound fertilizer also includes any one or a combination of at least two of the following: borax, zinc sulfate, tobacco-specific molybdenum fertilizer, and engineered commercial organic fertilizer; wherein the moisture content of the engineered commercial organic fertilizer is not higher than 30%, and the dry basis nutrient content is N: 2.6%, P2O5: 2.5%, and K2O: 0.4%.

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