High and steep slope hydro-fluctuation belt slope protection and greening irrigation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high and steep slope hydro-fluctuation belt treatment, and discloses a slope protection and greening irrigation system for a high and steep slope hydro-fluctuation belt. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for the high and steep slope hydro-fluctuation belt comprises a plurality of groups of water storage irrigation areas arranged at intervals from the slope top to the slope bottom, each group of water storage irrigation areas comprises a plurality of planting pools arranged at intervals in the extending direction of a river channel, a slope protection retaining wall is arranged on the water facing side of each planting pool, and the elevation of the slope protection retaining wall is higher than that of a natural slope. During natural rainfall, rainwater flows into the planting pools along the slope surface of the natural slope to irrigate plants and provide water for the plants. The elevation of the slope protection retaining wall is higher than that of the natural slope, the water storage capacity of the planting pool is high, more rainwater can be stored and absorbed by plants in the follow-up growth process, water resources do not need to be additionally called for irrigation, and the construction cost and the operation and maintenance cost of the slope protection and greening irrigation system for the high and steep slope hydro-fluctuation belt are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high and steep slope drawdown zone management technology, specifically to a high and steep slope drawdown zone slope protection and greening irrigation system. Background Technology

[0002] The drawdown zone, also known as the water level rise and fall zone, refers to a special area in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs where, due to seasonal water level fluctuations, submerged land periodically emerges from the water surface, becoming land. It is a special type of seasonal wetland ecosystem. The drawdown zone on steep slopes specifically refers to the transitional area formed on steep (usually >30°) bank slopes due to periodic water level fluctuations, alternating between submersion and exposure.

[0003] Ecological restoration techniques for drawdown zones on steep slopes typically involve transplanting plants or sowing grass seeds after the slope protection is completed. This means using the initial slope protection work as a foundation, and once the slope protection system is stable, then, considering the unique hydrological conditions of the drawdown zone's "periodic flooding-exposure," targeted methods such as transplanting flood-tolerant vegetation (e.g., Bermuda grass, Amorpha fruticosa) or sowing suitable grass seeds (e.g., Bahia grass, Eriocaulon buergerianum) are employed to gradually build a vegetation community that combines soil-stabilizing capabilities with ecological functions. Ultimately, this achieves full revegetation of the drawdown zone, realizing the comprehensive ecological restoration goal.

[0004] However, existing irrigation systems for steep slope drawdown zones typically require drawing water from rivers at the base of the slope, transporting it to the top, and then irrigating the plants. This type of system first necessitates water-lifting devices such as powered propellers and pumps to move water from a low to a high level. The energy consumption of these devices is high, resulting in high operating costs. Secondly, the water-lifting devices are often located underwater, making maintenance difficult. Furthermore, these systems cannot be implemented on slopes where river water is severely polluted and cannot be directly used for plant irrigation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones, which solves the problems of existing steep slope drawdown zone irrigation systems requiring water lifting devices, high energy consumption, high operating costs, and difficulty in operation and maintenance, as well as the inability to be deployed and operated on slopes with severe river water pollution.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones, comprising: multiple sets of water storage and irrigation zones spaced apart from the top to the bottom of the slope, each set of water storage and irrigation zones including multiple planting ponds spaced apart along the extension direction of the river channel, each planting pond having a retaining wall on the water-facing side, and the elevation of the retaining wall being higher than the elevation of the natural slope.

[0007] Beneficial effects

[0008] During natural rainfall, rainwater flows down the natural slope surface into the planting beds, irrigating the plants and providing them with water. Furthermore, because the retaining wall is higher than the natural slope, the planting beds have a strong water storage capacity, storing more rainwater for subsequent plant growth and eliminating the need for additional water resources for irrigation. This reduces the construction and maintenance costs of the slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slopes.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, multiple planting ponds in two adjacent sets of water storage and irrigation areas are arranged alternately along the river channel.

[0010] Beneficial effects

[0011] This setup allows rainwater runoff to fully cover planting beds at all heights, resulting in better irrigation.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, multiple planting ponds in two adjacent sets of water storage and irrigation areas are alternately connected vertically along the river channel.

[0013] Beneficial effects

[0014] Due to the construction of the retaining wall, more rainwater is retained in the upper planting beds, while less rainwater is retained in the lower planting beds. Connecting the water storage and irrigation areas allows for rainwater circulation, resulting in more even water distribution and ensuring sufficient water for plant growth in planting beds at different heights.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the two planting ponds are connected by a connecting pipe buried beneath the slope.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] The connecting pipes are buried under the slope and are not exposed to the external environment, so they are protected from wind and sun, are not easily damaged, and have a long service life.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, a control valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] After the control valve is installed, the water flow in the connected pipes can be controlled, and the water storage volume of each group of water storage irrigation areas can be regulated.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the two planting ponds are connected by an open channel excavated on a slope.

[0022] Beneficial effects

[0023] Open channels are simple to excavate and easy to construct. Furthermore, open channels can receive natural rainfall, improving the utilization and storage capacity of rainwater.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, a water storage device is provided at the top of the natural slope, and the water storage device is connected to the planting ponds in a group of water storage irrigation areas near the top of the slope.

[0025] Beneficial effects

[0026] Setting up a water storage device can store some rainwater during natural precipitation, and then use the rainwater in the storage device to irrigate plants when they need watering but there is no rain in the near future.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the bottom of the planting pool is provided with planting soil.

[0028] Beneficial effects

[0029] Planting soil provides an environment for plant growth, allowing plant roots to take hold. It also meets the nutrient needs of different plants through its own fertility (containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter), while regulating the soil's water retention capacity and reducing excessive water loss.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, geotextile is provided at the bottom of the planting pool.

[0031] Beneficial effects

[0032] The geotextile can prevent the loss of planting soil particles, avoid the gradual thinning of the planting soil and affect plant growth and rooting, reduce the entry of external mud and sand into the planting pond and cause substrate siltation, and at the same time, it can moderately block the rapid infiltration and loss of water, allowing it to be stored in the planting pond for a longer period of time.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the planting pond located at the top of the natural slope is planted with weeping willows, the planting pond located in the middle of the natural slope is planted with bermudagrass, and the planting pond located at the bottom of the natural slope is planted with calamus.

[0034] Beneficial effects

[0035] The hydraulic environment varies at different heights of a natural slope. The bottom section is submerged for extended periods, the middle section is submerged intermittently, and the top section is completely above the water surface. Planting different vegetation at different heights, tailored to the specific hydraulic environment, is essential for healthy growth and ultimately for the revegetation of the drawdown zone. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the steep slope drawdown zone slope protection and greening irrigation system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of the steep slope drawdown zone slope protection and greening irrigation system of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 1. Planting beds;

[0041] 2. Slope protection retaining wall;

[0042] 3. Natural slope;

[0043] 4. Connect the pipes. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0048] In ecological restoration of steep slope drawdown zones, various slope protection measures are first implemented on the natural slope, such as geocells, grass-covered block slope protection, gabion-filled slope protection, articulated ecological slope protection, and eco-bag slope protection. Geocells are unfolded mesh structures made of high-strength polyethylene or polypropylene, which can be planted after being laid on the slope. Grass-covered block slope protection uses precast concrete or permeable brick blocks with planting holes for planting. Gabion-filled slope protection uses galvanized steel wire mesh boxes filled with hard stones, allowing water permeability between the stones while permitting a small amount of plant growth. Articulated ecological slope protection consists of interlocking units made of high-strength resin or concrete. Each unit is rhomboid or triangular, with hinged clips at the edges, connecting to form a continuous, flexible slope surface. Planting troughs are pre-reserved within each unit for planting. Eco-bag type slope protection uses permeable eco-bags made of polypropylene (mostly 40cm×80cm in size), and plants can be directly sown or propagated on the bag surface. These slope protection methods provide space for plant growth, but require periodic irrigation after planting to ensure a sufficient water supply for normal plant development. Currently, related technologies typically draw water directly from rivers for irrigation. However, water intake requires the installation of water lifting equipment, water pipelines, and corresponding auxiliary equipment, resulting in high overall energy consumption and inconvenient maintenance, thus increasing construction costs. Furthermore, the river water quality must meet the usage requirements, making irrigation impossible on riverbanks with severe water pollution.

[0049] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment provides a slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones. This system is independent of river water quality, does not require water lifting devices, and directly utilizes natural rainfall for irrigation, significantly reducing construction and maintenance costs.

[0050] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 2 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, a slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones is provided, comprising: multiple sets of water storage and irrigation zones spaced apart from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope, each set of water storage and irrigation zones including multiple planting ponds 1 spaced apart along the extension direction of the river channel, each planting pond 1 having a retaining wall 2 on the water-facing side, and the elevation of the retaining wall 2 being higher than the elevation of the natural slope 3.

[0052] Multiple sets of water storage and irrigation zones are set up at different heights on the natural slope 3. Each set of water storage and irrigation zones includes multiple planting ponds 1 spaced apart. These planting ponds 1 are located at the same height on the natural slope 3 and are spaced apart along the direction of the river channel, i.e., the direction of water flow. Each planting pond 1 is an independent planting area for planting plants and ecological restoration. A retaining wall 2 is installed on the side of each planting pond 1 closest to the river channel, i.e., the water-facing side. The top of the retaining wall 2 is higher than the top surface of the planting pond 1, meaning the elevation of the retaining wall 2 is higher than the elevation of the planting pond 1 on the natural slope 3. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, three sets of water storage and irrigation zones are set up. The uppermost set of water storage and irrigation zones has five planting ponds 1, and the remaining two sets of water storage and irrigation zones each have four planting ponds 1. Of course, this embodiment does not limit the number of water storage and irrigation zones or the number of planting ponds 1 in each set of water storage and irrigation zones.

[0053] This high-steep slope drawdown zone slope protection and greening irrigation system utilizes rainwater to irrigate plants in planting beds 1 during natural rainfall. As rainwater flows down the natural slope 3 to the river channel, the planting beds 1 in each water storage and irrigation area are partially blocked by the retaining walls 2, and the water is then stored in the planting beds 1 for subsequent plant growth. Compared to related technologies, this system eliminates the need to draw water from the river, thus removing limitations imposed by river water quality, and also eliminates the need for water lifting devices, saving costs. Furthermore, the retaining walls 2 are constructed using existing slope protection methods, eliminating the need for separate, specialized construction. By using the retaining walls 2, implemented by hydraulic engineers, as a foundation, the system combines structures that provide slope protection with those that provide ecological restoration. This satisfies the requirements of soil stabilization for high-steep slopes while also meeting the needs for water storage and plant planting, achieving multi-disciplinary innovation and reducing overall project costs.

[0054] In one embodiment, multiple planting ponds 1 in two adjacent sets of water storage and irrigation areas are arranged alternately along the direction of the river channel.

[0055] In this embodiment, the planting ponds 1 in the two adjacent sets of water storage and irrigation areas are staggered, that is, the planting pond 1 in one set of water storage and irrigation areas is located in the gap between two adjacent planting ponds 1 in the other set of water storage and irrigation areas. Figure 2As shown, the leftmost planting pond 1 in the second group of water storage irrigation areas (i.e., the middle layer of water storage irrigation areas in the figure) is located between the first and second planting ponds 1 from left to right in the first group of water storage irrigation areas (i.e., the uppermost layer of water storage irrigation areas in the figure), and is also located between the first and second planting ponds 1 from left to right in the third group of water storage irrigation areas (i.e., the lowermost layer of water storage irrigation areas in the figure). The arrangement of the remaining planting ponds 1 follows the same pattern.

[0056] This staggered arrangement allows the planting ponds 1 in the two adjacent sets of water storage and irrigation areas to fully receive rainwater runoff and store it.

[0057] In other embodiments, the planting ponds 1 in two adjacent sets of water storage and irrigation areas can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence without misalignment, that is, the whole is a series of planting ponds 1 arranged in a regular rectangular array.

[0058] In one embodiment, multiple planting ponds 1 in two adjacent sets of water storage and irrigation areas are alternately connected vertically along the river channel.

[0059] In this example, the planting ponds 1 in the two adjacent water storage and irrigation areas are arranged in an alternating manner. The planting ponds 1 are not connected one-to-one, but rather... Figure 2 As shown, the leftmost planting pond 1 in the first group of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the uppermost water storage and irrigation area) is connected to the leftmost planting pond 1 in the second group of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the middle water storage and irrigation area). The leftmost planting pond 1 in the second group of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the middle water storage and irrigation area) is also connected to the second planting pond 1 from left to right in the first group of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the uppermost water storage and irrigation area). The second planting pond 1 from left to right in the first group of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the uppermost water storage and irrigation area) is then connected to the second planting pond 1 from left to right in the second group of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the middle water storage and irrigation area). This process continues, alternating between upper and lower planting ponds 1, allowing water from the upper planting ponds 1 to flow to the lower planting ponds 1. This prevents rainwater from being stored in the upper planting ponds 1, thus avoiding the situation where the lower planting ponds 1 cannot obtain and store rainwater, and consequently cannot irrigate the plants.

[0060] This connection method can form a grid-like rainwater flow path, improving the flow of rainwater.

[0061] In another embodiment, the multiple planting ponds 1 in two adjacent sets of water storage and irrigation areas can also be connected in a one-to-one correspondence. That is, the leftmost planting pond 1 in the first set of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the uppermost water storage and irrigation area) is connected to the leftmost planting pond 1 in the second set of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the middle water storage and irrigation area), and the second planting pond 1 from left to right in the first set of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the uppermost water storage and irrigation area) is connected to the second planting pond 1 from left to right in the second set of water storage and irrigation areas (i.e., the middle water storage and irrigation area).

[0062] In one embodiment, two planting ponds 1 are connected by a connecting pipe 4, which is buried under the slope.

[0063] The connecting pipe 4 can be a PVC pipe. It is dug up from the slope and buried in the soil. The upper end of the connecting pipe 4 connects to the bottom of the upper planting pool 1, and the lower end connects to the bottom of the lower planting pool 1. Rainwater from the upper planting pool 1 can then flow through the connecting pipe 4 into the lower planting pool 1, allowing for a more even distribution of rainwater among the planting pools 1.

[0064] The advantage of using connecting pipe 4 is that it is buried deep below the slope, will not be exposed to the external environment for a long time, is free from wind and sun, and has a longer service life.

[0065] In one embodiment, a control valve is provided on the connecting pipe 4.

[0066] The control valve can control the on / off state and flow rate of the connecting pipe 4, making rainwater distribution more accurate and controllable. The control valve is preferably an electromagnetic control valve.

[0067] In another embodiment, the two planting ponds 1 are connected by an open channel excavated on a slope.

[0068] Alternatively, open channels can be used to distribute rainwater instead of connecting pipes (4). By excavating trenches on the slope, and to prevent soil collapse and blockage due to the poor stability of the trenches, concrete channels can be constructed within the trenches.

[0069] The advantage of using open channels is that they can receive and transport rainwater during rainfall, with a large water delivery capacity and sufficient water supply.

[0070] In one embodiment, a water storage device is provided at the top of the natural slope 3, and the water storage device is connected to a planting pond 1 in a group of water storage and irrigation areas near the top of the slope.

[0071] The water storage device can be an excavated reservoir or a specially designed water tank, connected to each planting pond 1 in the group of water storage and irrigation areas closest to the top of the slope via connecting pipe 4 or an open channel. The water storage device promptly receives and stores rainwater during rainfall, and releases water for irrigation when there is a prolonged drought and the plants require it, preventing the plants from drying out due to lack of timely irrigation.

[0072] In one embodiment, planting soil is provided at the bottom of the planting pool 1.

[0073] Planting soil not only provides space for plants to take root and grow, but also supplies them with the nutrients it contains. Ultimately, by maintaining healthy plant growth, it strengthens the soil stabilization and slope protection effects of vegetation, helping to achieve ecological restoration of the drawdown zone.

[0074] In one embodiment, geotextile is provided at the bottom of the planting pool 1.

[0075] The bottom of each planting bed 1 is lined with geotextile, which not only prevents the planting soil particles from being washed away by rainwater, thus avoiding thinning of the planting soil and affecting plant rooting, but also reduces the amount of external mud and sand entering the planting bed 1 and causing substrate siltation. At the same time, it can moderately block water from seeping down too quickly, allowing the rainwater stored in the planting bed 1 to be fully absorbed by the plants.

[0076] In one embodiment, weeping willows are planted in the planting pond 1 located at the top of the natural slope 3, bermudagrass is planted in the planting pond 1 located in the middle of the natural slope 3, and calamus is planted in the planting pond 1 located at the bottom of the natural slope 3.

[0077] The third apex section of a natural slope is generally an arid, waterless environment. Therefore, it is suitable to plant drought-resistant trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants in this section. Trees include weeping willow and maple, shrubs include willow, and herbaceous plants include thrush and cogongrass.

[0078] The middle section of the natural slope 3 is in a periodic flood-exposure environment, therefore, flood-tolerant shrubs and herbaceous plants are generally planted in the middle section of the natural slope 3. Shrubs include Amorpha fruticosa, and herbaceous plants include Bermuda grass and oxtail grass.

[0079] The bottom section of the natural slope is in an environment that is constantly submerged by water. Therefore, the bottom section of the natural slope is generally planted with herbaceous plants and aquatic plants that can withstand long-term submersion. Herbaceous plants include vetiver, and aquatic plants include calamus and iris.

[0080] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slopes with drawdown zones, characterized in that, include: Multiple sets of water storage and irrigation areas are set at intervals from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope. Each set of water storage and irrigation areas includes multiple planting ponds (1) set at intervals along the extension direction of the river channel. Each planting pond (1) is provided with a retaining wall (2) on the water-facing side, and the elevation of the retaining wall (2) is higher than the elevation of the natural slope (3).

2. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple planting ponds (1) in two adjacent groups of water storage and irrigation areas are arranged alternately along the direction of river extension.

3. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple planting ponds (1) in two adjacent groups of water storage and irrigation areas are connected alternately up and down along the river channel.

4. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two planting ponds (1) are connected by a connecting pipe (4) which is buried under the slope.

5. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones according to claim 4, characterized in that, A control valve is installed on the connecting pipe (4).

6. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two planting ponds (1) are connected by an open channel excavated on a slope.

7. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water storage device is provided at the top of the natural slope (3), and the water storage device is connected to the planting pond (1) in a group of water storage irrigation areas near the top of the slope.

8. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the planting pool (1) is provided with planting soil.

9. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the planting pool (1) is provided with geotextile.

10. The slope protection and greening irrigation system for steep slope drawdown zones according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Weeping willows are planted in the planting pool (1) located at the top of the natural slope (3), dog tooth grass is planted in the planting pool (1) located in the middle of the natural slope (3), and calamus is planted in the planting pool (1) located at the bottom of the natural slope (3).

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