Machine tool for tool change by bidirectional precise positioning of moving parts using sensors

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of machine tool for tool changing of bidirectional precision positioning of moving component using sensor, the structure is provided with two left and right interval metal sensors on the main shaft fixed seat, and forms bidirectional position detection structure with the metal block on crossbeam, can carry out real-time bidirectional positioning feedback to the left and right reciprocating movement of X-axis sliding table module driving main shaft, avoid the deviation of single sensor unidirectional detection;At the same time, the cooperation precision of sensor and metal block is high, can accurately capture the small displacement of moving component, so that the alignment error of main shaft and disc tool magazine tool during tool changing is controlled in a small range, significantly improve tool changing precision, and then ensure the consistency of workpiece machining size, reduce the scrap rate caused by positioning deviation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a machine tool for precise positioning of moving parts in two directions for tool changing by using sensors. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing, the tool changing precision and efficiency of machine tools, as the core processing equipment, directly determine the workpiece processing quality and production efficiency, especially in the processing of precision parts, the positioning precision of moving parts is more demanding. At present, the tool changing mechanism of most machine tools on the market mainly relies on traditional mechanical limiting or single sensor positioning during operation.

[0003] When the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis and other moving parts of the traditional machine tool reciprocate, the mechanical limiting is easy to cause positioning deviation due to long-term wear, and the single sensor can only realize one-way position detection, which cannot realize real-time calibration of the two-way motion track of the moving parts, thereby causing the alignment deviation of the spindle and the tool magazine tool during tool changing, which not only affects the workpiece processing precision, but also may cause tool collision, spindle damage and other safety accidents. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the problems existing in the prior art, and provides a machine tool for precise positioning of moving parts in two directions for tool changing by using sensors.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] The machine tool for precise positioning of moving parts in two directions for tool changing by using sensors comprises a base, a gantry body is arranged on the rear side of the end face of the base, and a cradle type workbench is arranged on the front side of the base, a Z-axis sliding table module is arranged on the gantry body in the upward direction, a cross beam is arranged on the Z-axis sliding table module, an X-axis sliding table module is arranged on the cross beam in the left-right direction, a spindle fixing seat is arranged on the X-axis sliding table module, a Y-axis sliding module is arranged on the spindle fixing seat in the front-rear direction, a spindle box is arranged on the Y-axis sliding module, a disc tool magazine mechanism is arranged on the upper end of the gantry body, two metal sensors are arranged on the spindle fixing seat with a left-right interval, and a metal block matched with the two metal sensors is arranged on the cross beam.

[0007] In some embodiments, the disc tool magazine mechanism comprises a tool disc fixing seat arranged on the upper end of the gantry body, a first motor is arranged on the rear side of the tool disc fixing seat, the output shaft of the first motor is connected with a tool disc rotating shaft, the axial direction of the tool disc rotating shaft is arranged in the front-rear direction, and a disc tool magazine is connected.

[0008] In some embodiments, a spacing adjustment assembly for adjusting the left-right spacing of the two metal sensors is further arranged on the main shaft fixing seat.

[0009] In some embodiments, the spacing adjustment assembly comprises a support plate arranged at the lower end of the main shaft fixing seat, a support base arranged on the support plate, a sliding groove opening arranged on the left and right sides of the support base, an adjustment base slidingly arranged in each of the sliding groove openings, and the two metal sensors are respectively arranged on the two adjustment bases.

[0010] In some embodiments, each of the adjustment bases is fixed to the support base by a first bolt, and a second bolt is threadedly connected to the left and right ends of the support base, and the threaded end of the second bolt abuts against the adjustment base.

[0011] In some embodiments, a receiving area is formed in the gantry body on the base, and a working area is formed on the front side of the gantry body on the base, the cradle-type workbench comprises a first cradle base, a second cradle base, a cradle, and a rotary workbench, a connecting base is connected between the first cradle base and the second cradle base, a linear module is arranged on the base in the front-rear direction, the connecting base is connected to the linear module, and the cradle-type workbench can be driven by the linear module to move between the receiving area and the working area, first sliding blocks are arranged on the first cradle base and the second cradle base and slide on the first sliding rails.

[0012] In some embodiments, the linear module at least comprises a second motor, a lead screw, and a lead screw sleeve, the lead screw sleeve is connected to the connecting base, and an inverted V-shaped protective cover is arranged on the base at the upper end of the lead screw.

[0013] In some embodiments, second rails are arranged on the base in the front-rear direction on the left and right sides of the gantry body, second sliding blocks are slidingly arranged on the two second rails, and plate bodies are hingedly arranged on the left and right sides of each second sliding block, the plate bodies can be folded to a vertical form or a horizontal form, when the plate bodies are in the vertical form, the plate bodies can be moved to the outside of the cradle-type workbench or the gantry body, and when the cradle-type workbench is moved into the receiving area, the plate bodies can be horizontally folded onto the working area.

[0014] In some embodiments, a hinging seat is arranged on the second sliding block, a first rotating shaft is arranged on one side of the plate body, the first rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the hinging seat, a first gear is arranged on the first rotating shaft, and a third motor is further arranged on the second sliding block, a second gear is arranged on the output shaft of the third motor and can engage with the first gear.

[0015] In some embodiments, the plate body comprises a lower plate body and an upper plate body, the first rotating shaft is arranged on the lower plate body, the rear side of the upper plate body is provided with a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rear side of the lower plate body, a fixed shaft coaxial with the first rotating shaft is arranged on the second sliding block, a first bevel gear is arranged on the fixed shaft, a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is arranged on the second rotating shaft, and when the lower plate body is horizontally supported on the working area, the upper plate body is vertically arranged and closes and shields the front side of the storage area.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0017] The structure is provided with two metal sensors spaced left and right on the main shaft fixing seat, and forms a bidirectional position detection structure with the metal block on the cross beam, which can realize real-time bidirectional positioning feedback of the left-right reciprocating movement of the X-axis sliding table module driving the main shaft, avoiding the deviation of single sensor unidirectional detection; at the same time, the cooperation precision of the sensor and the metal block is high, and the small displacement of the moving part can be accurately captured, so that the alignment error between the main shaft and the disc tool magazine tool during tool changing is controlled in a very small range, the tool changing precision is significantly improved, and the consistency of the workpiece machining size is ensured, and the waste rate caused by positioning deviation is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the cradle type workbench in the working area.

[0019] Figure 2 It is an enlarged structure schematic view of A of the present application. Figure 2

[0020] Figure 3 It is a side view schematic view of the cradle type workbench in the working area.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a rear view schematic view of the cradle type workbench in the working area.

[0022] Figure 5 It is an enlarged structure schematic view of B of the present application. Figure 4

[0023] Figure 6 It is a perspective view of the plate body located on both sides of the cradle type workbench.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a perspective view of the plate body horizontally arranged in the working area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] ​​The following detailed description provides for various different embodiments or examples of implementing the present application. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. Also, repeated use of reference characters in the description and drawings is intended to represent the presence of a similar or identical feature throughout the specification.

[0026] As Figures 1-7 The machine tool for tool changing by bidirectional precision positioning of moving parts using sensors, as shown in the drawings, comprises a base 1, a gantry body 2 is arranged on the rear side of the end face of the base 1, and a cradle type workbench 9 is arranged on the front side, a Z-axis sliding table module 3 is arranged on the gantry body 2 in the up-down direction, a cross beam 4 is arranged on the Z-axis sliding table module 3, an X-axis sliding table module 5 is arranged on the cross beam 4 in the left-right direction, a spindle fixing seat 6 is arranged on the X-axis sliding table module 5, a Y-axis sliding module is arranged on the spindle fixing seat 6 in the front-rear direction, a spindle box 8 is arranged on the Y-axis sliding module, a disc tool magazine mechanism 10 is arranged on the upper end of the gantry body 2, two metal sensors 11 are arranged on the spindle fixing seat 6 with a certain interval, and a metal block 12 is arranged on the cross beam 4 and matched with the two metal sensors 11.

[0027] According to the above structure, when the tool changing command is executed, the Z-axis sliding table module 3 drives the cross beam 4 to move in the up-down direction, adjusts the vertical height of the spindle box 8, reserves enough space for tool changing, and avoids interference with the workbench or workpiece; the X-axis sliding table module 5 drives the spindle fixing seat 6 to move left and right along the cross beam 4, and in this process, the two metal sensors 11 on the spindle fixing seat 6 scan the metal block 12 on the cross beam 4 in real time: when the metal block 12 is detected by the sensors on both sides at the same time, it is determined that the X-axis position of the spindle is accurate, thereby realizing bidirectional precise positioning in the X-axis direction and ensuring that the spindle is aligned with the tool taking and placing position of the disc tool magazine mechanism 10 in the left-right direction. After the spindle reaches the tool changing position through multi-axis movement and bidirectional positioning, the disc tool magazine mechanism 10 starts to rotate the target tool to the tool taking position, the tool clamping mechanism of the spindle releases the current tool, and at the same time, clamps the target tool, completing the tool changing.

[0028] Therefore, this structure has two metal sensors 11 spaced apart on the spindle mounting base, which, together with the metal block 12 on the crossbeam 4, form a bidirectional position detection structure. This structure can provide real-time bidirectional positioning feedback for the left and right reciprocating motion of the spindle driven by the X-axis slide module, avoiding the unidirectional detection deviation of a single sensor. At the same time, the high precision of the sensor and the metal block can accurately capture the minute displacement of the moving parts, so that the alignment error between the spindle and the disc tool magazine tool is controlled within a very small range during tool changing, significantly improving the tool changing accuracy, thereby ensuring the consistency of the workpiece machining dimensions and reducing the scrap rate caused by positioning deviation.

[0029] In this invention, the disc tool magazine mechanism 10 includes a tool magazine fixing seat 21 located at the upper end of the gantry frame 2. A first motor 22 is provided on the rear side of the tool magazine fixing seat 21. The output shaft of the first motor 22 is connected to a tool magazine rotating shaft 23. The axial direction of the tool magazine rotating shaft 23 is arranged in the front-back direction and is connected to a disc tool magazine 24. A plurality of clamping claws 25 for clamping tool sleeves are evenly arranged along the circumference of the disc tool magazine 24.

[0030] Different sized cutting tools are loaded into tool holders, and then the tool holders containing the tools are inserted one by one into the clamping claws 25 evenly distributed along the circumference of the disc tool magazine 24. The clamping claws 25, through their own elastic clamping structure or locking buckles, provide a stable clamping for the tool holders, preventing the tools from loosening or falling off during the rotation of the disc tool magazine 24.

[0031] It should be noted that the disc tool magazine mechanism 10 is a conventional design and the tool changing method is a conventional design and will not be described in detail.

[0032] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a spacing adjustment component for adjusting the left and right spacing between the two metal sensors 11 is also provided on the spindle fixing seat 6.

[0033] Furthermore, the spacing adjustment assembly includes a support plate 41 located at the lower end of the main shaft fixing seat 6, a support seat 42 is provided on the support plate 41, and sliding grooves 43 are provided on both the left and right sides of the support seat 42. Adjustment seats 44 slide left and right in each of the sliding grooves 43, and the two metal sensors 11 are respectively provided on the two adjustment seats 44.

[0034] Each of the adjustment seats 44 is fixed to the support seat 42 by a first bolt 51. A second bolt 52 is threaded to both the left and right ends of the support seat 42, and the threaded end of the second bolt 52 abuts against the adjustment seat 44.

[0035] During installation and debugging of the machine tool or scene switching, first, the rough adjustment and pre-fixing of the distance between the two sensors are performed; according to the effective detection length (such as 40 mm) of the metal block 12 on the beam 4, the target distance of the two metal sensors 11 is determined; the first bolt 51 on the adjusting seat 44 is loosened (at this time, the first bolt is not completely loosened, and only the locking of the adjusting seat is released), the adjusting seat 44 is pushed to slide left and right along the sliding groove 43 on both sides of the support seat 42, since the adjusting seat is fixedly connected with the sensor, the sensor moves synchronously with the adjusting seat until the distance between the two sensors approaches the target value (such as 40 mm+0.5 mm); after preliminary alignment, the first bolt 51 is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole (not labeled in the figure, conventional design) of the support seat 42 after passing through the long hole of the adjusting seat 44, at this time, the bolt is not completely tightened, only a pre-fixing function is played to prevent the adjusting seat from sliding randomly during subsequent fine adjustment, and the rough positioning is completed. The second bolt 52 at the left and right ends of the support seat 42 is turned by using a wrench, since the threaded end of the second bolt abuts against the adjusting seat 44, the bolt is pushed towards the adjusting seat until the distance is reduced to 40 mm; during the process, the detection signals of the two sensors are monitored in real time by the machine tool control system to ensure that the two sensors can output signals at the same time when the metal block moves to the target position, and the accuracy of the distance is confirmed; after fine adjustment, the first bolt 51 is completely tightened to firmly fix the adjusting seat in the sliding groove 43.

[0036] Meanwhile, the abutting state of the second bolt is maintained to form a double-fixing structure of the main fixing of the first bolt and the auxiliary limiting of the second bolt, so that the adjusting seat is prevented from loosening during the operation of the machine tool, and the distance adjustment is completed; if the first bolt is slightly loosened due to long-term operation of the machine tool, the abutting state of the second bolt can prevent the adjusting seat from shifting greatly and avoid serious deviation of the distance between the two sensors; if one of the sensors fails, the double-detection mechanism prohibits tool changing, and the operator can temporarily adjust the position of the other sensor for emergency detection (non-conventional operation, only for emergency use) by loosening the first bolt and adjusting the second bolt, while quickly replacing the faulty sensor to reduce downtime.

[0037] In the application, the base 1 is provided with a receiving area 61 in the gantry body 2, and the front side of the base 1 in the gantry body 2 is a working area 62, the cradle workbench 9 comprises a first cradle seat 63, a second cradle seat 64, a cradle 65 and a rotary workbench 66, the first cradle seat 63 and the second cradle seat 64 are connected by a connecting seat 67, a linear module 68 is arranged on the base 1 in the front-rear direction, the connecting seat 67 is connected with the linear module 68, and the cradle workbench 9 can be driven by the linear module 68 to move between the receiving area 61 and the working area 62, and the first cradle seat 63 and the second cradle seat 64 are provided with first sliding blocks 610 which slide on the first sliding rails 69.

[0038] When the machine tool is not started or in a non-processing state, the cradle workbench is in the receiving area, and space utilization is realized.

[0039] Specifically, the control system drives the linear module 68 (arranged on the base 1 in the front-rear direction) to run by default, the screw sleeve (fixed with the connecting seat 67) of the linear module drives the connecting seat to move backward along the module track; the connecting seat 67 connects the first cradle seat 63 and the second cradle seat 64, and the synchronous movement of the connecting seat 67 drives the entire cradle workbench (including the cradle 65 and the rotary workbench 66) to move backward, and at the same time, the first sliding blocks 610 at the lower ends of the first cradle seat 63 and the second cradle seat 64 slide along the first sliding rails 69 on the base 1, thereby providing stable guidance for the movement of the workbench; after the cradle workbench completely enters the receiving area 61 in the gantry body 2 on the base 1, the linear module 68 stops running, and the workbench is in a standby state, thereby avoiding the occupation of the working area 62 space when not processing and reducing external interference.

[0040] When processing is needed, the workbench is moved from the receiving area to the working area, the operator issues a “workbench transfer” instruction through the control system, the linear module 68 is started in reverse, drives the connecting seat 67 to move the cradle workbench forward, and the first sliding blocks 610 slide forward along the first sliding rails 69, thereby ensuring the stability of the movement track of the workbench; after the workbench completely moves to the working area 62 on the front side of the base 1, the linear module 68 stops and is locked, at this time, the rotary workbench 66 is in a position which is easy to be contacted by the operator, thereby facilitating the clamping of the workpiece to be processed on the rotary workbench 66; after the clamping of the workpiece is completed, according to the processing requirement, the cradle 65 can adjust the inclination angle around the rotation shaft (not marked in the figure, conventional design) of the first cradle seat 63 and the second cradle seat 64, and the rotary workbench 66 can rotate around its own axis, thereby realizing the multi-pose adjustment of the workpiece and preparing for subsequent processing.

[0041] Further, the linear module 68 at least comprises a second motor 71, a screw rod 72 and a screw rod sleeve, the screw rod sleeve is connected with the connecting seat 67, and a reverse V-shaped protective cover 74 is arranged on the base 1 and located at the upper end of the screw rod 72.

[0042] The screw rod 72 and the screw rod sleeve (sleeved outside the screw rod and having a matching thread inside) form a threaded transmission pair, when the screw rod rotates, the screw rod sleeve moves linearly along the axial direction (front and back direction) of the screw rod; since the screw rod sleeve is fixedly connected with the connecting seat 67, the linear motion of the sleeve synchronously drives the connecting seat to move, thereby dragging the first cradle seat 63, the second cradle seat 64 and the entire cradle workbench to move.

[0043] During the machining process of the machine tool, metal chips, cutting fluid and other impurities will be generated, the cover body with the reverse V-shaped structure can completely cover the upper end and the side end of the screw rod 72, block the chips and cutting fluid from directly falling or splashing into the cooperation gap between the screw rod and the screw rod sleeve, and avoid the thread wear or transmission jam caused by impurities. At the same time, the reverse V-shaped protective cover 74 is arranged between the cradle 65 and the connecting seat 67, so that the cradle workbench does not interfere with the reverse V-shaped protective cover 74 when moving.

[0044] Referring to FIGS. Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 It is shown that the second rails 81 arranged along the front and back directions are arranged on the base 1 and located on the left and right sides of the gantry body 2, the second sliding blocks 82 are slidingly arranged on the two second rails 81, and the plate bodies 83 are hingedly arranged on the left and right sides of each second sliding block 82, the plate bodies 83 can be folded to a vertical form or a horizontal form, when the plate bodies 83 are in the vertical form, the plate bodies 83 can be moved to the outside of the cradle workbench 9 or the gantry body 2, and when the cradle workbench 9 is moved to the storage area 61, the plate bodies 83 can be horizontally folded on the working area 62.

[0045] When the cradle workbench is in the working area, the plate bodies play a protective role in the vertical form. The second sliding blocks 82 move along the second rails 81 (arranged along the front and back directions) on the left and right sides of the base 1, if it is needed to protect the outside of the cradle workbench 9, the sliding blocks are moved to the corresponding positions on the left and right sides of the workbench after the workbench is moved to the working area 62; the plate bodies are located on the left and right outside of the workbench, so as to avoid that the chips generated during the machining process splash to the workshop passage or the operator contacts the rotating parts.

[0046] When the cradle workbench is moved back to the storage area, the plate body is switched to a horizontal form when it is necessary to expand the work area space or protect the storage area; the linear module 68 moves the cradle workbench 9 completely into the storage area 61 of the base 1, ensuring that the work area 62 is not blocked; the second slider 82 is driven to move along the second track 81 in the direction of the work area 62, so that the left and right second sliders are aligned with the left and right edges of the work area 62, respectively, ensuring that the plate body can completely cover the work area after being flipped horizontally; the vertically formed plate body 83 is flipped down, and is rotated around the hinge shaft to the horizontal form through the hinge structure, at which time the support seat on the base 1 supports the plate body 83, completely covering the space above the work area 62; the horizontally formed plate body can be used as a temporary workbench for placing workpieces, tools or detection equipment; at the same time, after the plate body covers the work area, it can block dust and debris from falling onto the surface of the workbench in the storage area 61, thereby playing a dustproof protection role.

[0047] A hinge seat 91 is arranged on the second slider 82, a first rotating shaft 92 is arranged on one side of the plate body 83, the first rotating shaft 92 is rotatably installed on the hinge seat 91, a first gear 93 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 92, and a third motor 94 is further arranged on the second slider 82, and a second gear 95 arranged on the output shaft of the third motor 94 can mesh with the first gear 93.

[0048] When the plate body needs to be flipped, the control system controls the third motor 94 to work, drives the second gear 95 to mesh with the first gear 93, and realizes the flipping of the plate body 83.

[0049] Further, the plate body 83 includes a lower plate body 100 and an upper plate body 101, the first rotating shaft 92 is arranged on the lower plate body 100, the rear side of the upper plate body 101 is provided with a second rotating shaft 102, the second rotating shaft 102 is rotatably installed on the rear side of the lower plate body 100, a fixed shaft 103 coaxial with the first rotating shaft 92 is arranged on the second slider 82, a first bevel gear 104 is arranged on the fixed shaft 103, a second bevel gear 105 meshing with the first bevel gear 104 is arranged on the second rotating shaft 102, and when the lower plate body 100 is horizontally supported on the work area 62, the upper plate body 101 is vertically arranged and closes and blocks the front side of the storage area 61.

[0050] When the cradle workbench is moved back to the storage area, the plate body is switched to a horizontal form when it is necessary to expand the work area space or protect the storage area; the linear module 68 moves the cradle workbench 9 completely into the storage area 61 of the base 1, ensuring that the work area 62 is not blocked; the second slider 82 is driven to move along the second track 81 in the direction of the work area 62, so that the left and right second sliders are aligned with the left and right edges of the work area 62, respectively, ensuring that the plate body can completely cover the work area after being flipped horizontally; the vertically formed plate body 83 is flipped down, and is rotated around the hinge shaft to the horizontal form through the hinge structure, at which time the support seat on the base 1 supports the plate body 83, completely covering the space above the work area 62; the horizontally formed plate body can be used as a temporary workbench for placing workpieces, tools or detection equipment; at the same time, after the plate body covers the work area, it can block dust and debris from falling onto the surface of the workbench in the storage area 61, thereby playing a dustproof protection role.

[0051] The third motor 94 is driven to drive the lower plate body 100 (fixed with the first rotating shaft 92) to turn around the hinge seat 91 through gear transmission until the lower plate body is horizontally supported above the working area 62, at this time, the third motor is braked, and the lower plate body remains in a horizontal state; during the turning of the lower plate body, the fixed shaft 103 coaxial with the first rotating shaft 92 is fixed (fixed on the second sliding block 82), the lower plate body drives the second rotating shaft 102 (provided on the rear side of the upper plate body 101) to move synchronously, so that the second bevel gear 105 on the second rotating shaft 102 is kept in engagement with the first bevel gear 104 on the fixed shaft 103; when the lower plate body is completely horizontal, the rotation of the lower plate body around the first rotating shaft drives the second rotating shaft 102 to rotate around the fixed shaft 103, and through the engagement transmission of the first bevel gear 104 and the second bevel gear 105, the upper plate body 101 is turned to a vertical state around the second rotating shaft 102; at this time, the upper plate body is vertically arranged on the rear side of the lower plate body 100, which completely closes and blocks the front side of the storage area 61, so that the lower plate body covers the working area, and the upper plate body closes the storage area in a cooperative state.

[0052] Therefore, the lower plate body covers the working area when it is horizontal, providing a temporary operation platform; the upper plate body synchronously closes the front side of the storage area vertically, blocking dust and sundries from entering the storage area, avoiding the limitation that the traditional plate body can only cover the working area, and improving the protection range by more than 50%; the lower plate body and the upper plate body are linked through bevel gears, and the form switching is completed synchronously without additional operation steps.

[0053] The basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application are shown and described above in combination with the drawings, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machine tool for tool change by bidirectional precision positioning of a moving part using sensors, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The gantry body (2) is arranged on the rear side of the end face of the base (1), and the cradle type workbench (9) is arranged on the front side; the Z-axis sliding table module (3) is arranged on the gantry body (2) in the up-down direction; the cross beam (4) is arranged on the Z-axis sliding table module (3); the X-axis sliding table module (5) is arranged on the cross beam (4) in the left-right direction; the main shaft fixing seat (6) is arranged on the X-axis sliding table module (5); the Y-axis sliding module is arranged on the main shaft fixing seat (6) in the front-rear direction; the main shaft box (8) is arranged on the Y-axis sliding module; the disc cutter magazine mechanism (10) is arranged on the upper end of the gantry body (2); the two metal sensors (11) are arranged on the main shaft fixing seat (6) in the left-right direction; the metal blocks (12) are arranged on the cross beam (4) and matched with the two metal sensors (11); the spacing adjusting assembly for adjusting the left-right spacing of the two metal sensors (11) is further arranged on the main shaft fixing seat (6); the spacing adjusting assembly comprises the support plate (41) arranged on the lower end of the main shaft fixing seat (6); the support seat (42) is arranged on the support plate (41); the sliding groove openings (43) are arranged on the left and right sides of the support seat (42); the adjusting seats (44) are slidably arranged in the sliding groove openings (43); the two metal sensors (11) are respectively arranged on the two adjusting seats (44); the adjusting seats (44) are fixed on the support seat (42) through the first bolts (51); the second bolts (52) are threadedly connected to the left and right ends of the support seat (42); and the threaded ends of the second bolts (52) abut against the adjusting seats (44).

2. The machine tool of claim 1, wherein: The disc cutter magazine mechanism (10) comprises the cutter disc fixing seat (21) arranged on the upper end of the gantry body (2); the first motor (22) is arranged on the rear side of the cutter disc fixing seat (21); the output shaft of the first motor (22) is connected with the cutter disc rotating shaft (23); the cutter disc rotating shaft (23) is arranged in the front-rear direction in the axial direction and is connected with the disc cutter magazine (24); and the disc cutter magazine (24) is uniformly arranged with the clamping claws (25) for clamping the cutter sleeves in the circumferential direction.

3. The machine tool for tool changing by bidirectional precise positioning of a moving part using a sensor according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The base (1) and the gantry body (2) form a receiving area (61), the base (1) and the front side of the gantry body (2) are working area (62), the cradle workbench (9) includes a first cradle seat (63), a second cradle seat (64), a cradle (65) and a rotary workbench (66), the first cradle seat (63) and the second cradle seat (64) are connected with the connecting seat (67), the connecting seat (67) is connected with the linear module (68), and the cradle workbench (9) can be driven by the linear module (68) to move between the receiving area (61) and the working area (62), the first slide rail (69) is arranged on the base (1), and the lower ends of the first cradle seat (63) and the second cradle seat (64) are provided with first sliding blocks (610) sliding on the first slide rail (69).

4. The machine tool of claim 3, wherein: The linear module (68) at least includes a second motor (71), a lead screw (72) and a lead screw sleeve, the lead screw sleeve is connected with the connecting seat (67), and a reverse V-shaped protective cover (74) is arranged on the base (1) and located at the upper end of the lead screw (72).

5. The machine tool of claim 3, wherein: The second rail (81) is arranged on the base (1) and located at the left and right sides of the gantry body (2), the second sliding block (82) is slidably arranged on the second rail (81), the plate body (83) is hingedly connected to the second sliding block (82), the plate body (83) can be folded to a vertical form or a horizontal form, when the plate body (83) is in the vertical form, the plate body (83) can be moved to the outside of the cradle workbench (9) or the gantry body (2), and when the cradle workbench (9) is moved to the receiving area (61), the plate body (83) can be horizontally folded to the working area (62).

6. The machine tool of claim 5, wherein: The hinged seat (91) is arranged on the second sliding block (82), the first rotating shaft (92) is arranged on one side of the plate body (83) and rotatably installed on the hinged seat (91), the first gear (93) is arranged on the first rotating shaft (92), and the third motor (94) is arranged on the second sliding block (82), and the second gear (95) arranged on the output shaft of the third motor (94) can be engaged with the first gear (93).

7. The machine tool of claim 6, wherein: The plate body (83) comprises a lower plate body (100) and an upper plate body (101), the first rotating shaft (92) is arranged on the lower plate body (100), the rear side of the upper plate body (101) is provided with a second rotating shaft (102), the second rotating shaft (102) is rotatably arranged on the rear side of the lower plate body (100), a fixed shaft (103) coaxial with the first rotating shaft (92) is arranged on the second sliding block (82), a first bevel gear (104) is arranged on the fixed shaft (103), a second bevel gear (105) meshing with the first bevel gear (104) is arranged on the second rotating shaft (102), and when the lower plate body (100) is horizontally supported on the working area (62), the upper plate body (101) is vertically arranged and closes and shields the front side of the storage area (61).

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