Airport roof construction safety monitoring method and system based on string membrane structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an airport roof construction safety monitoring method and system based on a string membrane structure, and relates to the technical field of structure health monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: building a structure initial stress model based on the parameters of the airport roof string membrane structure, arranging a sensor and an environment parameter sensor, and carrying out the baseline calibration operation, initial value synchronization of the monitoring equipment is completed in combination with the initial stress model of the structure; calling the initial stress model of the structure, judging the state of the structure by applying a nonlinear regression and disturbance sensitivity analysis method, and constructing a change trend early warning map; and dynamically calculating the real-time safety coefficient of the whole string membrane structure, formulating a staged safety evaluation standard by combining the working conditions of each construction stage, and outputting a construction adjustment suggestion. According to the method, the initial stress model of the structure is constructed, and multi-dimensional real-time monitoring is implemented, so that dynamic sensing and trend early warning of cable force, displacement and strain during construction of the string membrane structure are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural health monitoring technology, specifically to a method and system for monitoring the construction safety of airport roofs based on tensioned membrane structures. Background Technology

[0002] As large public buildings increasingly trend towards ultra-long spans and lightweight structures, tensioned membrane structures, due to their excellent load-bearing performance and unique spatial form, are widely used in ultra-long span roof projects such as airport terminals and convention centers. Tensioned membrane structures effectively reduce structural weight and improve overall stability through the synergistic force distribution of the cable net system and membrane material. However, during construction, the structural system of a tensioned membrane structure is not yet fully formed, resulting in a complex and sensitive stress state. Local stress imbalances can easily lead to overall deformation or even instability. Therefore, real-time, safe, and dynamic monitoring of the stress and deformation of tensioned membrane structures during the construction phase has gradually become an indispensable key link in ensuring construction quality and structural safety. Related construction monitoring technologies are constantly developing, showing a trend towards multi-parameter real-time acquisition, intelligent data analysis, and proactive risk early warning.

[0003] Current research on construction monitoring technology for tensioned membrane structures mainly focuses on the real-time acquisition and static comparison of single physical quantities, such as cable force monitoring, nodal displacement detection, or local strain measurement of the membrane surface. However, existing technologies have several significant shortcomings: First, the lack of modeling and benchmark synchronization for the overall initial stress state of the structure leads to a lack of unified reference standards for monitoring data during subsequent construction, affecting the accuracy and comparability of monitoring results. Second, the monitoring data and construction conditions lack effective dynamic matching during construction. It is difficult to capture the continuous changes in the overall stress state of the structure as construction evolves through data analysis of a single point or stage, and it is impossible to form a complete dynamic evolution trajectory of the structure. Third, existing methods mostly adopt simple threshold early warning mechanisms, lacking trend analysis based on historical evolution data and deep disturbance sensitivity assessment. The early warning response is lagging and prone to missed or misjudgment, making it impossible to achieve advanced identification and graded response of risks during the construction stage. In contrast, this invention constructs an initial stress model based on the parameters of the tensioned membrane structure and performs baseline calibration in the early stages of monitoring, achieving unified benchmarking and traceability of monitoring data at each stage of construction. By dynamically recording construction conditions in real time and combining multi-dimensional data synchronous analysis, a continuous time-series data stream is established, and the mechanical model is invoked in real time for anomaly identification and trend extraction, significantly improving the perceptibility of anomaly development and the predictability of trends. Furthermore, by dynamically calculating the real-time safety factor of the overall structure and combining it with phased safety assessment standards, graded construction adjustment suggestions are output, achieving intelligent, continuous, and dynamic response control of safety risks during construction. This is a technological breakthrough that is difficult to achieve with existing traditional construction monitoring methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem solved by this invention is that existing methods for monitoring the construction safety of tensioned membrane structures lack an initial stress model and baseline synchronization, resulting in incomparable data; lack of dynamic correlation between construction conditions and monitoring data, leading to delayed risk identification; and reliance solely on static threshold judgments, lacking a trend evolution early warning mechanism. The invention also addresses how to achieve dynamic real-time assessment and intelligent early warning decision-making for the overall safety status of tensioned membrane structures during construction.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides the following technical solution: a method for monitoring the construction safety of airport roofs based on tensioned membrane structures. This method includes: constructing an initial stress model of the structure based on the parameters of the tensioned membrane structure; determining the baseline stress distribution of each cable and membrane surface; defining safety threshold ranges for node displacement, cable force changes, and membrane strain; deploying strain gauges, displacement gauges, tension sensors, and environmental parameter sensors at key cable nodes, the tops of support columns, high-stress areas of the membrane surface, and support boundaries; synchronizing the initial values ​​of the monitoring equipment through baseline calibration and combining with the initial stress model of the structure; dynamically recording construction condition information during roof construction; performing multi-dimensional dynamic matching based on the construction progress to form a continuous time-series data stream; calling the initial stress model of the structure in real time; applying nonlinear regression and disturbance sensitivity analysis methods to determine the structural state and constructing a trend warning map; dynamically calculating the real-time safety factor of the overall tensioned membrane structure based on the trend warning map; formulating phased safety assessment standards based on the working conditions of each construction stage; and outputting construction adjustment suggestions based on the real-time safety factor of the overall tensioned membrane structure compared with the phased safety assessment standards.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure described in this invention, the initial stress model of the constructed structure includes extracting the node distribution, cable configuration, membrane laying sequence and pre-tension parameters of the tensioned membrane structure, determining the initial stress distribution of the cables and membrane surface through finite element simulation, and setting the benchmark safety threshold range for each monitoring index.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure described in this invention, the initial value synchronization of the monitoring equipment includes the initial stress model of the structure, baseline calibration of the deployed strain gauges, displacement gauges, and tension sensors, and unified recording of the initial response values ​​of each sensor under no construction load.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure described in this invention, the multi-dimensional dynamic matching combined with the construction process includes standardized recording of support removal nodes, cable tensioning steps and membrane unfolding progress during the construction stage, and synchronously matching the cable force, node displacement, membrane strain and environmental parameter data collected by each sensor to form a time-series data stream of construction conditions and structural response.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure described in this invention, the determination of structural status includes: based on continuous time-series data stream, applying nonlinear regression method to fit the changing trends of each monitoring index, combining disturbance sensitivity analysis to identify responses caused by construction operations, environmental changes, or spontaneous evolution of the structure, and marking them in the change trend early warning map.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure described in this invention, the dynamic calculation of the real-time safety factor of the overall tensioned membrane structure includes the comprehensive cable force change rate, node displacement change rate and membrane strain change rate, superimposed with the construction condition complexity index, environmental disturbance index and load disturbance index, and outputs the overall real-time safety factor of the current construction stage.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure described in this invention, the output construction adjustment suggestions include automatically generating a first-level construction adjustment suggestion when the real-time safety factor enters the warning zone; If the real-time safety factor enters the critical zone, a stop construction and reinforcement command will be triggered. If the real-time safety factor enters the danger zone, execute the node locking and push emergency reinforcement measures instructions.

[0013] Another objective of this invention is to provide a construction safety monitoring system for airport roofs based on tensioned membrane structures. This system can construct an initial stress model of the structure based on the parameters of the tensioned membrane structure of the airport roof, thus solving the problem of delayed risk identification caused by the lack of dynamic correlation between construction conditions and monitoring data in current construction safety monitoring methods for tensioned membrane structures.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the airport roof construction safety monitoring system based on a tensioned membrane structure described in this invention, it includes: an initial value modeling and synchronization module, a real-time working condition monitoring and trend early warning module, and a dynamic safety assessment and construction decision output module; the initial value modeling and synchronization module is used to establish a benchmark for the safety monitoring system of the tensioned membrane structure during construction; the real-time working condition monitoring and trend early warning module is used to realize all-time monitoring and early warning of the dynamic evolution of structural stress and deformation during construction, and to identify potential structural risks in advance; the dynamic safety assessment and construction decision output module is used to dynamically assess the overall structural safety status throughout the construction process and formulate response measures based on the real-time risk level.

[0015] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement a method for safety monitoring of airport roof construction based on a tensioned membrane structure.

[0016] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for monitoring the construction safety of airport roofs based on tensioned membrane structures.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure provided by this invention constructs an initial stress model based on the parameters of the airport roof tensioned membrane structure, and determines the benchmark stress distribution state by combining finite element simulation. This effectively establishes a unified reference standard for dynamic monitoring during construction, ensuring high consistency and comparability of monitoring data. By rationally deploying multiple types of sensors at key cable nodes, the top of support columns, high-stress areas on the membrane surface, and support boundaries, and performing baseline calibration, initial equipment installation deviations are eliminated, laying the foundation for subsequent accurate monitoring. During construction, multi-dimensional dynamic recording of construction condition information is adopted to form a continuous time-series data stream, and cable force, displacement, strain, and environmental data are collected simultaneously, achieving dynamic matching between construction progress and structural response, significantly improving the perception granularity of the structural evolution process. Furthermore, based on continuous data, nonlinear regression and disturbance sensitivity analysis methods are applied to construct a change trend early warning map, which can identify local abnormal development trends and potential risk sources in advance, exhibiting higher foresight and accuracy compared to traditional static threshold judgment. By dynamically calculating the real-time safety factor of the overall structure and formulating phased safety assessment standards based on the specific working conditions of each construction stage, a real-time quantitative assessment of the structural safety status during construction is achieved. Finally, based on the real-time safety factor and the phased standards, suggestions for construction adjustments, suspensions, or emergency reinforcement are automatically generated, constructing an intelligent, hierarchical, and dynamically responsive safety control system during construction. Overall, this invention optimizes the entire process of structural safety monitoring during the construction phase of tensioned membrane structures, significantly improving the level of structural safety assurance and the intelligence of construction decision-making during construction. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides an overall flowchart of a safety monitoring method for airport roof construction based on a tensioned membrane structure.

[0020] Figure 2 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a method logic diagram for a safety monitoring method for airport roof construction based on a tensioned membrane structure.

[0021] Figure 3 The following is an overall flowchart of an airport roof construction safety monitoring system based on a tensioned membrane structure, provided as a third embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1, referring to Figures 1-2 As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for monitoring the construction safety of airport roofs based on tensioned membrane structures is provided, comprising: S1: Based on the parameters of the tensioned membrane structure of the airport roof, an initial stress model of the structure is constructed to determine the reference stress distribution state of each cable and the membrane surface, and to define the safety threshold range of nodal displacement, cable force change, and membrane surface strain. Strain gauges, displacement gauges, tension sensors, and environmental parameter sensors are installed at the key cable nodes, the top of the support columns, the high stress area of ​​the membrane surface, and the support boundary of the tensioned membrane structure. Through baseline calibration, combined with the initial stress model of the structure, the initial values ​​of the monitoring equipment are synchronized.

[0024] Furthermore, based on the construction design drawings of the airport roof tensioned membrane structure, the system extracts core design information such as the spatial distribution of nodes, cable configuration, membrane laying sequence, and pretension parameters. The initial stress model of the structure is then constructed as follows:

[0025] in, This indicates the comprehensive monitoring index of stress and deformation of the tensioned membrane structure during the construction phase. Indicates the actual number of monitoring points. Indicates the first Weighting coefficients for individual cable force variations Indicates the first Changes in cable tension in the rootstock The power factor representing the response to changes in cable force. Indicates the first Weighted coefficients for the displacement changes of each node Indicates the first The displacement change of each node The power factor representing the response to changes in nodal displacement. Indicates the first Weighted coefficients for strain variation of each membrane element Indicates the first The strain change of each membrane unit The power factor representing the response to changes in membrane strain. This represents the sum of the initial cable force and the number of membrane elements. Indicates the first Initial cable force weighting coefficients for each cable body Indicates the first The initial cable force of each cable body is designed. Indicates the first Initial stress weighting coefficient for each membrane element Indicates the first The initial strain value of each membrane element. This represents the benchmark normalization adjustment factor.

[0026] like This indicates that the changes in force, displacement, and strain are consistent with the initial design, and the structural construction is in normal condition. like This indicates a localized deviation, requiring enhanced monitoring. like This indicates a significant overall deviation, requiring construction to be suspended for verification. The range of values ​​is During the reasonable construction period, control within Optimal within the range.

[0027] It should be noted that the safety threshold for nodal displacement variation is defined as follows:

[0028] in, This indicates the maximum allowable change in nodal displacement, which depends on the allowable nodal fine-tuning limit of the tensioned membrane structure.

[0029] The general reference standard is:

[0030] in, This indicates the distance between adjacent cable spans. Node displacement is allowed to be less than 1% to 2% of the cable span; anything exceeding this is considered an abnormal offset.

[0031] It should also be noted that the safety threshold for cable force variation is defined as follows:

[0032] in, This indicates the maximum allowable change in cable tension.

[0033] The general reference standard is:

[0034] This refers to 5% to 10% of the initial design cable force. Tensioned structures are sensitive to cable force, but slight loosening or tightening is usually permissible during the construction phase.

[0035] Furthermore, a safe threshold for membrane strain variation is defined;

[0036] in, This indicates the limit of strain variation on the membrane surface.

[0037] General setting standards:

[0038] Membrane materials generally allow for small-range strain fluctuations, but strains exceeding 1000 microstrains can easily lead to localized wrinkles or damage.

[0039] It should be noted that, based on the cable force distribution results at each node in the initial structural stress model, key node areas with concentrated cable forces and large stress gradients were selected and arranged as follows: Displacement gauges (such as laser displacement sensors or high-precision LVDTs) are installed at each critical cable node to monitor changes in the spatial position of the node in real time.

[0040] Meanwhile, tension sensors (such as wireless tension meters or clamp-on tension sensors) are placed on each cable of the node connection to monitor the dynamic changes of cable force during construction.

[0041] Node displacement monitoring should prioritize covering support column connection nodes, mid-span nodes, and turning nodes (i.e., locations where the number of cables changes or the connection form changes).

[0042] As the main load-bearing points for the membrane surface and cable net, the support columns experience complex stress variations. Based on the initial stress model, monitoring arrangements were made at the top of the support columns: Each main support column is equipped with a three-axis displacement meter at its top to monitor displacement changes in the horizontal (X and Y axes) and vertical (Z axis) directions respectively.

[0043] Acceleration sensors are added to the top of some key support columns (support columns with the greatest stress or connecting multiple cable nodes) to capture instantaneous vibration response and help determine the impact load and dynamic disturbance effect.

[0044] Furthermore, based on the initial stress model analysis results, local high-stress areas on the membrane surface (such as arched areas and areas around cable anchorages) are identified: Strain gauge arrays are arranged in high-stress areas, with the strain gauges arranged in a square or radial pattern to form a local strain monitoring grid.

[0045] Strain gauges need to be installed along both the warp and weft directions of the membrane material to ensure that the directions of the principal tensile stress and the secondary stress are captured in real time.

[0046] For special locations (such as membrane boundaries and membrane transition areas), redundant strain gauges can be added to improve monitoring reliability.

[0047] Furthermore, the support boundary is a crucial path for stress transfer on the membrane surface. The initial stress model shows that although the stress at this boundary is lower than in the central region, there is a tendency for stress concentration; therefore, a reasonable arrangement is necessary. Small tension sensors or strain gauges are installed at the junction of the membrane surface and the support boundary to monitor changes in boundary cable force or boundary strain.

[0048] Environmental parameter sensors, including temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction sensors, are selectively placed in secondary membrane areas (areas with low initial stress and potentially large fluctuations) to correct for stress and strain errors caused by environmental changes in the membrane material.

[0049] It should be noted that after the sensor is installed, a comprehensive baseline calibration is performed based on the node positions, cable force magnitudes, and membrane pre-strain values ​​provided by the initial force model. The initial values ​​of the displacement gauges are set to the initial coordinates of the design nodes; The initial value of the tension sensor is set to the design preload of the cable. The strain gauge initial value is set to the initial strain of the membrane surface design; The initial values ​​of the environmental sensors record the current construction environment baseline conditions.

[0050] The layout is shown in Table 1: Table 1 Sensor Layout Diagram

[0051] For each cable node in the cable node region, calculate the local calculation separately. .

[0052] According to local : Normal zone: One displacement gauge is installed at each node, plus one tension sensor connected to each cable; Warning zone: Add one redundant displacement gauge or tension sensor; Warning zone: Two-way layout (one set of displacement and tension monitoring equipment in each direction); Hazardous area: Nodes are equipped with omnidirectional triaxial displacement gauges and redundant tension sensor systems (2 sets).

[0053] For the area at the top of each support column, a local calculation is performed separately for each support column top. .

[0054] According to local : Normal zone: 1 triaxial displacement meter; Warning zone: Add one more accelerometer sensor; Warning zone and above: Install triaxial displacement gauges + dual accelerometers, and perform real-time sampling of vibration modes of the support columns.

[0055] For high-stress areas on the membrane surface Mesh the membrane surface elements and compute the local values ​​for each element. .

[0056] According to local : Normal zone: One strain gauge is installed every 2 meters; Warning zone: One strain gauge is installed every 1 meter; Warning zone and above: One strain gauge is installed every 0.5 meters, with bidirectional (latitude and longitude) redundancy.

[0057] Each time a new round of real-time monitoring data is updated, the calculations for each local area are repeated. Check changes in risk levels in each area. If the risk increases, add more sensors dynamically. If the risk decreases during the continuous monitoring period (e.g., 24 hours), the encrypted sensors can be appropriately removed according to the management procedures.

[0058] The actions are arranged as shown in Table 2: Table 2. Arrangement Action Table

[0059] Furthermore, for determining the risk level of a cable node area, a risk level function for the cable node area is defined:

[0060] in, Indicates the reference length of the cable span.

[0061] For determining the risk level of the area at the top of the support column, a risk level function for the area at the top of the support column is defined as follows:

[0062] in, Number the support columns.

[0063] For determining the risk level of membrane unit regions, a risk level function for membrane unit regions is defined as follows:

[0064] in, Indicates the membrane unit number.

[0065] S2: During the roof construction process, construction condition information is dynamically recorded, and multi-dimensional dynamic matching is performed in combination with the construction progress to form a continuous time-series data stream. The initial stress model of the structure is called in real time, and nonlinear regression and disturbance sensitivity analysis methods are applied to determine the structural state and construct a change trend early warning map.

[0066] Furthermore, based on the overall construction plan and real-time on-site progress, the following key construction milestone information will be dynamically collected: Support dismantling node information: Record the time point, location number, dismantling method (step-by-step dismantling, overall unloading), corresponding support column number and dismantling sequence for each partial or complete dismantling of the support system; Cable tensioning step information: Record the start time, end time, tensioning sequence, target tensioning value and actual tensioning value of a single cable, and mark the number of each tensioning unit; Membrane unfolding progress information: Track the membrane laying area number, unfolding start and end time, laying sequence, temporary fixing points, local tension status and tension adjustment records.

[0067] All construction status data are entered into the construction management database in real time in a standardized format (unified timestamp, construction unit code).

[0068] During the dynamic progress of construction, the system simultaneously collects the following key monitoring indicators for tensioned membrane structures: Real-time cable force data: Through tension sensors pre-installed on cable nodes and cable bodies, the changes in cable force of each cable body during the construction stage are collected, and the time series change curve of cable force is recorded. Real-time node displacement data: The displacement changes of key nodes in three-dimensional space are recorded in real time through displacement sensors, laser ranging devices, etc. Local strain data of membrane surface: The tensile strain and local stress distribution of the membrane surface are continuously collected by strain gauges deployed in high stress areas, boundary areas and membrane material transition areas. Environmental parameter data: Real-time meteorological data is collected from the site using environmental sensors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, and air pressure to correct the impact of external environmental factors on the stress state of the structure.

[0069] All monitoring data adopt a uniform sampling period (such as once per minute or the sampling frequency is adjusted according to the construction stage) and are identified with millisecond-level timestamps to ensure data synchronization and continuity.

[0070] Construction status information and real-time structural monitoring data are synchronously uploaded to the central monitoring platform and dynamically linked and processed through the following process: Mapping of work condition nodes to monitoring time points: Mapping construction actions (such as demolition, tensioning, and deployment) to specific monitoring data time slices to achieve one-to-one matching of work conditions and monitoring. Data standardization and cleaning: Remove outliers, fill in missing data, and standardize unit conversions in the raw monitoring data to ensure data accuracy and consistency; Continuous time-series data stream generation: Integrate construction progress and monitoring data according to the time axis to generate a multi-source continuous time-series data stream covering the entire roof and spanning all construction stages; Feature extraction and labeling: Extract the peak cable force change, node displacement change rate, and local strain change features of the membrane surface during each construction action, and label them with the corresponding construction action to facilitate subsequent analysis and traceability.

[0071] It should be noted that, based on historical time-series data of nodal displacement, cable force, and membrane strain, a nonlinear fitting method is used to establish time-response curves to identify phenomena such as a significant acceleration in the rate of change or an abnormal expansion in the magnitude of change within a short period of time. Environmental data (wind speed, air pressure changes, etc.) are introduced as disturbance factors, and through correlation analysis, abnormal reactions caused by construction operations, environmental changes, or the structure itself are screened. When the rate of change of the monitored parameters exceeds the set sensitive threshold (such as a sudden increase in displacement rate, a sudden drop in cable force, or a surge in local strain), it is marked as a potential high-risk event and enters the subsequent trend analysis stage.

[0072] By comparing the initial stress model with the safety threshold range, the changes in cable force, nodal displacement increments, and membrane strain are determined respectively. Status Classification: Normal state: All indicators are within the threshold. Minor abnormality: A single indicator briefly exceeds the warning threshold but does not persist; Composite abnormal state: Two or more indicators exceed the threshold consecutively; Dangerous state: A single indicator continues to exceed the limit significantly or signs of structural instability appear (such as node sinking or cable breakage).

[0073] The generated trend warning map is shown in Table 3: Table 3. Trend Warning Map

[0074] In the trend warning map, the system automatically maps the cable nodes, support columns, or membrane units that show abnormal evolution trends according to the spatial location of abnormal events. S3: By using the trend warning map, dynamically calculate the real-time safety factor of the overall tensioned membrane structure, combine the working conditions of each construction stage, formulate phased safety assessment standards, and output construction adjustment suggestions based on the real-time safety factor of the overall tensioned membrane structure and the phased safety assessment standards.

[0075] Furthermore, based on the output of the trend warning map, the real-time safety factor of the entire tensioned membrane structure is dynamically calculated. Combined with the unique working conditions of each construction stage, a phased safety assessment standard is formulated, expressed as follows:

[0076] in, Indicates the tensioned membrane structure at time... The overall real-time security level This represents the current total construction time. Indicates the sensitivity weight of cable force changes. This represents the rate of change of real-time cable force. This indicates the weight of sensitivity to changes in nodal displacement. This represents the rate of change of nodal displacement. Indicates the sensitivity weight of membrane surface strain change. This represents the rate of change of local strain on the membrane surface. This indicates that the time decay factor constant controls near-time performance. This represents the adjustment factor for the complexity of the working conditions during the construction phase. This represents the complexity index of the current construction phase. This represents the environmental disturbance sensitivity adjustment coefficient. This indicates the environmental disturbance index. This represents the load disturbance sensitivity adjustment coefficient. This represents the wind load disturbance index.

[0077] When the safety factor enters the warning zone, the system issues a first-level construction adjustment suggestion; when the safety factor drops to the critical zone, it triggers a second-level pause and reinforcement command; if the situation continues to deteriorate, it automatically enters a third-level emergency state and locks key nodes to push structural reinforcement commands.

[0078] It should be noted that when The overall construction status is safe and good; when Upon entering the Level 1 warning zone, the construction procedures need to be adjusted. when Upon entering the secondary critical zone, construction was suspended and reinforcement was carried out. when Upon entering the Level 3 danger zone, emergency support and reinforcement measures were implemented, and key nodes were identified.

[0079] Furthermore, after the completion of the tensioned membrane structure of the airport roof, the system comprehensively integrates, archives, and deeply analyzes all kinds of monitoring data, early warning records, and construction logs generated throughout the construction process.

[0080] All real-time monitoring data collected during construction, including cable force change data, node displacement data, membrane strain data, and environmental parameter data, are archived according to a unified timeline, regional number, and monitoring indicators to ensure data integrity and traceability. Standardized records are maintained for all levels of early warning events triggered by the system during construction (including Level 1 construction adjustment, Level 2 suspension of reinforcement, and Level 3 emergency response), including the warning occurrence time, triggering indicator, corresponding structural unit number, response measures taken, and warning closure time. Information on key construction nodes such as support removal, cable tensioning, membrane deployment, and temporary support adjustment is synchronized with monitoring data and early warning records in terms of time and spatial location, forming a complete coupled log of the construction process and structural response.

[0081] It should be noted that the archived data undergoes preliminary processing to remove data segments with abnormal acquisition, signal loss, or significant noise interference, ensuring the validity of subsequent analysis data. Multiple linear regression or nonlinear regression methods are used to establish the mapping relationship between the three core indicators—cable force, nodal displacement, and membrane strain—and construction condition variables. Separate models are created for different construction stages (support removal stage, cable tensioning stage, and membrane deployment stage) to identify the sensitivity and regularity of construction actions to the structural response. On a time scale, the stress-strain change trajectories of each cable, nodal, and membrane unit are fitted; the development trends of stress redistribution, local abrupt changes, and cumulative deformation during the construction stages are identified; and the dynamic evolution characteristics of the structural response are extracted, such as the peak point of cable force growth, the drift trajectory of maximum nodal displacement, and the transition trend of membrane strain.

[0082] Based on the monitoring data at the final stable state during the construction period, the initial cable force benchmark value of each cable is extracted; the initial spatial coordinates and residual displacement of each node are extracted to form the node initial displacement health benchmark; the initial strain distribution state of each unit on the membrane surface is extracted to construct the membrane surface health strain benchmark map. Based on the fluctuation range of various monitoring indicators during the construction period, normal fluctuation range, early warning range, and alarm range for health monitoring during the subsequent operation period are set; an environmental factor correction mechanism (such as temperature compensation and wind load compensation) is introduced to ensure that the baseline adapts to natural fluctuations under different external conditions; the health baseline indicators and their threshold system are entered into the central health monitoring system to form a health database for the initial service stage of the airport roof tensioned membrane structure; a health baseline atlas is generated, including cable force baseline distribution map, nodal spatial displacement baseline map, and membrane strain distribution baseline map, to support comparison, monitoring, and early warning during the subsequent operation period.

[0083] After the health records are established during the construction period, the system is ready to seamlessly switch from the construction monitoring system to the operation period health monitoring system. The construction period health baseline will serve as an important reference for regular inspections, anomaly warnings, and maintenance decisions during the operation period. At the same time, through archived data and the health baseline, the system will support long-term evolution studies such as membrane aging analysis, cable relaxation assessment, and node cumulative displacement assessment, thereby improving the full life cycle management capabilities of the overall structural safety of the airport roof.

[0084] Example 2, an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for monitoring the construction safety of airport roofs based on tensioned membrane structures. To verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculations and simulation experiments.

[0085] First, based on the construction project of the tensioned membrane roof structure in Area A of an international airport terminal, a monitoring system was built and verified in some typical working conditions at the actual construction site. To ensure the representativeness of the experiment, a tensioned membrane roof section with a span of 38m × 22m was selected. The structural form is a two-way cross cable net-single curved membrane surface coordinated tensioning structure, which has typical characteristics such as complex cable force distribution, large changes in membrane curvature, and dense anchoring nodes.

[0086] During the test preparation phase, detailed construction drawings of the tensioned membrane structure provided by the design institute were retrieved first. Structural engineers then extracted the node distribution coordinates, cable configuration, membrane laying sequence, pretension parameters, and main support column numbers for that section. A geometric model was constructed based on the drawing information and imported into the ANSYS software platform. Initial stress simulation analysis was conducted by setting boundary conditions, initial cable tension, membrane material properties (including elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and thickness), and node constraint methods. Finite element analysis was used to obtain the reference cable force field, membrane stress distribution diagram, and node spatial equilibrium displacement state of the structure under the initial design state. The output data served as the reference values ​​for subsequent monitoring systems.

[0087] Subsequently, based on the simulation results, the key areas to be monitored were identified, and various sensors were deployed. The specific deployment is as follows: high-precision laser displacement gauges (measurement accuracy 0.1 mm) were installed at the eight selected key cable nodes for three-dimensional spatial displacement measurement; clamp-type cable force sensors (measurement range 0–200 kN, error ±1%) were arranged in the main cables connected to the nodes to monitor real-time changes in cable force; strain gauge arrays were deployed in high-stress areas of the membrane surface based on stress cloud map results, symmetrically arranged along the latitude and longitude directions of the membrane material at 1 m intervals to form a local strain monitoring network; simultaneously, micro-strain gauges were installed at the edges of the membrane surface to capture boundary stress anomalies; and MEMS triaxial displacement gauges and accelerometers were installed at the tops of some columns to simultaneously acquire vertical and horizontal disturbance responses.

[0088] All sensors are uniformly connected to the monitoring system via an industrial IoT data acquisition gateway, with a sampling period set to 1 minute. They are also linked to the construction progress system to record construction actions, construction unit codes, and timestamp information. To ensure data comparability, all sensors undergo baseline calibration before construction. Specifically: initial node displacement values ​​are reset to simulation output coordinates; initial cable force values ​​are set to the design tension force; and initial membrane strain values ​​are matched according to the pre-tensioning and pre-strain field. The configuration numbers, installation locations, quantities, and initial response values ​​of all types of sensors are synchronously entered into the central monitoring platform database to form an initial health status dataset.

[0089] Once construction begins, as the support system is partially dismantled, cables are tensioned, and membrane surfaces are laid, the system activates a real-time monitoring mechanism throughout the entire process. Each construction node action automatically triggers the sampling system to record time-period characteristics, generating a "construction action - monitoring response" mapping record. Combined with the initial structural stress model, this forms a complete, continuous data stream with a timeline and spatial distribution, providing a data foundation for subsequent trend identification and risk warning.

[0090] Table 4 Experimental Data Table

[0091] Analysis of the specific values ​​in the data table reveals that at points MP5 and MP6, the membrane strain changes reached 1020 με and 1130 με, respectively, exceeding the upper limit of 1000 με, indicating a risk of excessive local tension and stress concentration in the corresponding membrane areas. Furthermore, the nodal displacement change at point MP6 reached 5.0 mm, far exceeding the allowable displacement standard of 1%–2% of the cable span (typically around 2.0–3.0 mm), suggesting that this node may have experienced abnormal displacement response due to construction tensioning disturbance. In addition, the cable force changes at points MP3 and MP6 also reached 9.6 kN and 11.5 kN, respectively, exceeding 8% of their initial cable forces, approaching or exceeding the allowable cable force change threshold (5%–10%) during construction, indicating severe local tension fluctuations and the possibility of structural instability.

[0092] If these phenomena were placed within traditional construction monitoring mechanisms, relying solely on single threshold-based early warnings would often fail to simultaneously capture the coordinated changes in strain, cable force, and displacement, easily leading to misjudgments or delayed responses. However, in this invention, by introducing an initial structural stress model as a monitoring benchmark and synchronizing the initial values ​​of all monitoring equipment in advance, every change in monitoring data can be standardized and compared for analysis, ensuring that the identified risks are highly consistent with the actual structural deviations. Simultaneously, the "comprehensive monitoring index" mechanism proposed in this invention integrates the weighted change rates of multiple factors such as cable force, displacement, and strain, achieving dynamic risk accumulation identification in areas such as MP5 and MP6. The system not only accurately marks the aforementioned abnormal points but also indicates their development direction through trend warning maps.

[0093] A comparison with existing technologies clearly shows that traditional methods rely heavily on static monitoring points and periodic manual analysis, lacking continuous dynamic modeling and multi-dimensional data fusion capabilities, making it difficult to output the overall safety status in real time. In contrast, this invention uses time-series regression modeling of continuous construction data and introduces disturbance sensitivity analysis technology, enabling the system to identify risk trends more than 24 hours in advance and to provide tiered construction recommendations based on real-time safety factors. Ultimately, at point MP6, the safety factor dropped to 0.81, successfully triggering a level-two pause and reinforcement command, preventing localized tearing of the membrane material due to over-tensioning and significantly improving proactive prevention and control capabilities during construction.

[0094] In summary, the monitoring data provided in this embodiment verifies the comprehensive advantages of the present invention in terms of identification capability, response speed, data accuracy, and overall structural assessment, fully demonstrating its innovative application and engineering adaptability in the construction monitoring scenario of large-scale tensioned membrane structures.

[0095] Example 3, referring to Figure 3 As an embodiment of the present invention, an airport roof construction safety monitoring system based on a tensioned membrane structure is provided, including an initial value modeling and synchronization module, a real-time working condition monitoring and trend early warning module, and a dynamic safety assessment and construction decision output module.

[0096] The initial value modeling and synchronization module is used to establish the benchmark for the safety monitoring system of the tensioned membrane structure during construction. The real-time working condition monitoring and trend early warning module is used to realize the full-time monitoring and early warning of the dynamic evolution of structural stress and deformation during construction, and to identify potential structural risks in advance. The dynamic safety assessment and construction decision output module is used to dynamically assess the overall structural safety status throughout the construction process and formulate response measures based on the real-time risk level.

[0097] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0098] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-including system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0099] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk drives (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which programs can be printed, because programs can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0100] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0101] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the construction safety of airport roofs based on tensioned membrane structures, characterized in that, include: Based on the parameters of the tensioned membrane structure of the airport roof, an initial stress model of the structure was constructed to determine the reference stress distribution state of each cable and the membrane surface, and to define the safe threshold range of nodal displacement, cable force change, and membrane surface strain. Strain gauges, displacement gauges, tension sensors, and environmental parameter sensors were installed at the key cable nodes, the top of the support columns, the high stress area of ​​the membrane surface, and the support boundary of the tensioned membrane structure. Through baseline calibration, combined with the initial stress model of the structure, the initial values ​​of the monitoring equipment were synchronized. During the roof construction process, construction condition information is dynamically recorded, and multi-dimensional dynamic matching is performed in combination with the construction progress to form a continuous time-series data stream. The initial stress model of the structure is called in real time, and nonlinear regression and disturbance sensitivity analysis methods are applied to determine the structural state and construct a change trend early warning map. By using the trend warning map, the real-time safety factor of the overall tensioned membrane structure is dynamically calculated. Combined with the working conditions of each construction stage, a phased safety assessment standard is formulated. Based on the real-time safety factor of the overall tensioned membrane structure, the phased safety assessment standard is compared and construction adjustment suggestions are output.

2. The airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The initial stress model of the constructed structure includes extracting the node distribution, cable configuration, membrane laying sequence and pre-tension parameters of the tensioned membrane structure, determining the initial stress distribution of the cables and membrane surface through finite element simulation, and setting the benchmark safety threshold range for each monitoring index.

3. The airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The initial value synchronization of the monitoring equipment includes the initial stress model of the structure, baseline calibration of the deployed strain gauges, displacement gauges and tension sensors, and unified recording of the initial response values ​​of each sensor under no construction load.

4. The airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional dynamic matching combined with the construction process includes standardized recording of support removal nodes, cable tensioning steps and membrane unfolding progress during the construction phase, and synchronous matching of cable force, node displacement, membrane strain and environmental parameter data collected by various sensors to form a time-series data stream of construction conditions and structural response.

5. The airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The determination of structural status includes using a nonlinear regression method to fit the changing trends of various monitoring indicators based on continuous time-series data streams, combining disturbance sensitivity analysis to identify responses caused by construction operations, environmental changes, or spontaneous structural evolution, and marking them in the change trend early warning map.

6. The airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The dynamic calculation of the real-time safety factor of the overall tensioned membrane structure includes the combined cable force change rate, nodal displacement change rate, and membrane strain change rate, superimposed with the construction condition complexity index, environmental disturbance index, and load disturbance index, to output the overall real-time safety factor of the current construction stage.

7. The airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The output construction adjustment suggestions include automatically generating a level-one construction adjustment suggestion when the real-time safety factor enters the warning zone; If the real-time safety factor enters the critical zone, a stop construction and reinforcement command will be triggered. If the real-time safety factor enters the danger zone, execute the node locking and push emergency reinforcement measures instructions.

8. A system employing the airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on a tensioned membrane structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes an initial value modeling and synchronization module, a real-time working condition monitoring and trend early warning module, and a dynamic safety assessment and construction decision output module; The initial value modeling and synchronization module is used to establish a benchmark for the safety monitoring system of tensioned membrane structures during construction; The real-time working condition monitoring and trend early warning module is used to realize the real-time monitoring and early warning of the dynamic evolution of structural stress and deformation during construction, and to identify potential structural risks in advance. The dynamic safety assessment and construction decision output module is used to dynamically assess the overall structural safety status throughout the construction process and formulate response measures based on the real-time risk level.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the airport roof construction safety monitoring method based on tensioned membrane structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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