Pinus massoniana and polygonatum sibiricum synergistic intercropping planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pinus massoniana and polygonatum kingianum synergistic intercropping planting method, and particularly relates to the technical field of medicinal material planting, agricultural wastes or forestry residues are selected and subjected to a pyrolytic reaction to prepare charcoal, the agricultural wastes and the forestry residues are utilized and converted into valuable products, reduction treatment of the wastes is achieved, and the utilization rate of the wastes is increased. The prepared biochar has high porosity and surface area, can improve the properties of soil and improve the air permeability, water retention and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil when being sown in the soil, and the bacterial fertilizer is prepared by adopting a bacterial liquid formed by mixing phosphate solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, so that the phosphate solubilizing bacteria can dissolve insoluble phosphate in the soil, and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria can be used for improving the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the phosphorus solubilizing bacteria. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria can convert nitrogen in the atmosphere into nitrogen elements capable of being absorbed by the plants and increase the nitrogen content in the soil, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are combined, the content of key nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil can be remarkably increased, and therefore the soil fertility is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medicinal herb cultivation technology, and more specifically, to a method for synergistic intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum sibiricum. Background Technology

[0002] Masson pine is an important timber species in southern my country, characterized by its rapid growth and strong adaptability. However, Masson pine forests suffer from problems such as long production cycles and slow results from conventional afforestation. Polygonatum is a Chinese medicinal herb with high medicinal and economic value. It grows wild in shady and damp mountain shrublands and forest edges, is cold-resistant, and prefers a moist environment. Planting Polygonatum under Masson pine forests can not only make full use of the understory land resources, but also improve the soil structure through the growth of Polygonatum, promote the growth of Masson pine, and achieve synergistic benefits. This intercropping model not only improves land utilization, but also improves the soil environment through the growth of Polygonatum, promoting the growth of Masson pine.

[0003] Existing methods for synergistic intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum generally rely on single approaches, such as using organic or chemical fertilizers to improve soil fertility or using biochar alone to adjust soil pH. These methods cannot comprehensively address issues such as soil compaction, low microbial activity, and nutrient imbalance. Furthermore, conventional planting methods often neglect the regulation of soil microorganisms, resulting in low nutrient conversion efficiency. Consequently, Polygonatum is prone to growth problems due to insufficient soil functional microbiota. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, this invention provides a method for synergistic intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing methods for synergistic intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum generally rely on a single approach, such as using organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer to improve soil fertility, or using biochar alone to adjust soil pH. These methods cannot comprehensively solve problems such as soil compaction, low microbial activity, and nutrient imbalance. At the same time, the soil used in conventional planting tends to neglect the regulation of soil microorganisms, resulting in low nutrient conversion efficiency. Consequently, when planting Polygonatum, insufficient soil functional microbial communities can easily affect the normal growth of Polygonatum.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for synergistic intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum sibiricum, comprising the following steps: Site selection and land preparation: Select a Masson pine forest with a good ecological environment, fertile soil, and good drainage as the planting site. The soil of the forest should be loose, with good water retention and permeability, and preferably slightly acidic, damp soil, gray soil, and humus soil. After the site selection is completed, the forest should be prepared in horizontal strips. Biochar preparation: Select raw materials and crush them. Then, pyrolyze the crushed raw materials to produce biochar. After the biochar is produced, it is cooled, screened and ground. Microbial fertilizer preparation: Select suitable microbial strains and carrier substrates, cultivate and mix the microbial strains, and at the same time crush and screen the carrier substrates. Then mix the microbial strains and carrier substrates, and put the mixed microbial strains and carrier substrates into a fermentation tank for fermentation. After a period of fermentation, granulate and dry the fermentation product to make microbial fertilizer. Polygonatum cultivation: Before planting Polygonatum, the prepared biochar and microbial fertilizer are mixed and evenly spread in the planting trench of the Masson pine forest, and then Polygonatum is planted in the Masson pine forest.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the site selection and land preparation shall be carried out on slopes with a canopy density of 0.5-0.6 and a forest slope of no more than 25° to ensure good light and ventilation conditions. After the site selection is completed, horizontal strip land preparation shall be carried out with a width of 1.2-1.5 meters.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the preparation of biochar includes: Raw material selection: Agricultural waste, including a mixture of straw, fruit shells and sawdust, and forestry residues, including a mixture of pine sawdust and pine needles, are selected as raw materials, with the mass ratio of agricultural waste to forestry residues being 4:1; Raw material pretreatment: crushing and grinding the raw materials to facilitate subsequent processing and help improve the reaction efficiency of the raw materials during pyrolysis; Pyrolysis processing: The pretreated raw materials are placed in a pyrolysis reactor and pyrolyzed at 600°C in an environment with an oxygen concentration of less than 1% to produce biochar. Cooling and collection: The biochar produced by pyrolysis is cooled down to about 20°C by the cooling airflow of a cooling device, and the cooled biochar is collected at the same time. Screening and grinding: The collected biochar is screened and ground to remove impurities and grind it into fine particles.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the preparation of the microbial fertilizer includes: Strain selection: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were selected as strains for the preparation of microbial fertilizer; Microbial culture: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were activated and cultured. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were cultured in a medium containing insoluble phosphorus at 25℃-30℃ for 3-5 days. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were cultured in a nitrogen-deficient medium at 28℃-32℃ for 4-6 days, until the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria reached a concentration of 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8The bacterial concentration of CFU / mL and nitrogen-fixing bacteria reached 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 bacterial concentration in CFU / mL; Microbial strain mixing: The cultured phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed in a certain proportion to prepare a compound microbial culture solution; Carrier substrate selection: Select organic fertilizers such as cow manure and soybean meal as carrier substrates; Carrier substrate treatment: The selected carrier substrate is crushed and sieved to make the carrier substrate particle size uniform, which is convenient for mixing with bacterial solution. At the same time, the crushed carrier substrate is sieved to remove impurities. Mixing of bacterial solution and carrier matrix: The compound microbial bacterial solution of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is diluted with distilled water at a ratio of 1:100. At the same time, the diluted compound microbial bacterial solution is evenly sprayed onto the carrier matrix. The mass ratio of the diluted compound microbial bacterial solution to the carrier matrix is ​​1:1. The stirring device is started to stir the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix to ensure that the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix are fully mixed and that the microorganisms are evenly attached to the surface of the carrier matrix. Microbial fertilizer fermentation: Pour the mixed microbial liquid and carrier substrate into a fermentation tank, control the fermentation temperature between 35-45℃, maintain the relative humidity at 60%-70%, and ferment for 7-10 days. During the fermentation process, microorganisms will decompose organic matter, release heat and carbon dioxide, and produce beneficial metabolites. Granulation and drying: The fermented microbial fertilizer is poured into the granulation equipment to form uniform granules. The uniformly sized microbial fertilizer granules are then transported to the drying equipment for drying. The drying temperature is controlled at 50℃-60℃ to reduce the moisture content of the material to 10% and prevent the granules from sticking together.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: before planting the Polygonatum, biochar and microbial fertilizer are sown. The biochar is sown in the soil. Because biochar is rich in microporous structure, it increases the porosity of the soil, improves the aeration and water permeability of the soil. At the same time, biochar has adsorption and buffering properties, which can regulate the pH of the soil, adsorb and store nutrients, reduce the loss of soil nutrients, and provide a good habitat for soil microorganisms. When microbial fertilizer is spread in the soil, the microorganisms in the fertilizer loosen the soil, creating a good environment for the growth of Solomon's seal root system. At the same time, the microorganisms in the fertilizer can decompose organic matter and release nutrients that plants can absorb. The metabolites of the microorganisms in the fertilizer help maintain the soil's acid-base balance, making the soil more suitable for Solomon's seal growth. After the biochar and microbial fertilizer were applied, the Polygonatum plants were planted in the planting trenches of the Masson pine forest at a planting density of 25 cm between rows and 20 cm between plants.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention prepares biochar through pyrolysis of agricultural waste or forestry residues, transforming these materials into valuable products. This reduces waste volume and environmental impact. The resulting biochar has high porosity and surface area, improving soil properties, aeration, water retention, and nutrient retention when applied to the soil. Furthermore, a microbial fertilizer is created using a mixture of phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria dissolve insoluble phosphates in the soil, converting them into readily available phosphorus that plants can absorb. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen that plants can absorb, increasing soil nitrogen content. The combination of these two methods significantly increases the content of key nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil, thereby enhancing soil fertility. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] Example 1: A method for synergistic and enhanced intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum includes the following steps: Site selection and land preparation: Select a Masson pine forest with a good ecological environment, fertile soil, and good drainage as the planting site. The soil of the forest should be loose, with good water retention and permeability, and preferably slightly acidic, damp soil, gray soil, and humus soil. After the site selection is completed, the forest should be prepared in horizontal strips. Biochar preparation: Select raw materials and crush them. Then, pyrolyze the crushed raw materials to produce biochar. After the biochar is produced, it is cooled, screened and ground. Microbial fertilizer preparation: Select suitable microbial strains and carrier substrates, cultivate and mix the microbial strains, and at the same time crush and screen the carrier substrates. Then mix the microbial strains and carrier substrates, and put the mixed microbial strains and carrier substrates into a fermentation tank for fermentation. After a period of fermentation, granulate and dry the fermentation product to make microbial fertilizer. Polygonatum cultivation: Before planting Polygonatum, the prepared biochar and microbial fertilizer are mixed and evenly spread in the planting trench of the Masson pine forest, and then Polygonatum is planted in the Masson pine forest.

[0013] Site selection and land preparation: Select pine forests with a canopy density of 0.5-0.6 and a slope of no more than 25° to ensure good light and ventilation conditions for planting. After site selection, prepare horizontal strips with a width of 1.2-1.5 meters.

[0014] Biochar preparation includes: Raw material selection: Agricultural waste, including a mixture of straw, fruit shells and sawdust, and forestry residues, including a mixture of pine sawdust and pine needles, are selected as raw materials, with the mass ratio of agricultural waste to forestry residues being 4:1; Raw material pretreatment: crushing and grinding the raw materials to facilitate subsequent processing and help improve the reaction efficiency of the raw materials during pyrolysis; Pyrolysis processing: The pretreated raw materials are placed in a pyrolysis reactor and pyrolyzed at 600°C in an environment with an oxygen concentration of less than 1% to produce biochar. Cooling and collection: The biochar produced by pyrolysis is cooled down to about 20°C by the cooling airflow of a cooling device, and the cooled biochar is collected at the same time. Screening and grinding: The collected biochar is screened and ground to remove impurities and grind it into fine particles.

[0015] The preparation of microbial fertilizer includes: Strain selection: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were selected as strains for the preparation of microbial fertilizer; Microbial culture: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were activated and cultured. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were cultured in a medium containing insoluble phosphorus at 25℃-30℃ for 3-5 days. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were cultured in a nitrogen-deficient medium at 28℃-32℃ for 4-6 days, until the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria reached a concentration of 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The bacterial concentration of CFU / mL and nitrogen-fixing bacteria reached 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 bacterial concentration in CFU / mL; Microbial strain mixing: The cultured phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed at a ratio of 2:1 to prepare a compound microbial culture solution; Carrier substrate selection: Select organic fertilizers such as cow manure and soybean meal as carrier substrates; Carrier substrate treatment: The selected carrier substrate is crushed and sieved to make the carrier substrate particle size uniform, which is convenient for mixing with bacterial solution. At the same time, the crushed carrier substrate is sieved to remove impurities. Mixing of bacterial solution and carrier matrix: The compound microbial solution of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is diluted with distilled water at a ratio of 1:100. At the same time, the diluted compound microbial solution is evenly sprayed onto the carrier matrix. The mass ratio of the diluted compound microbial solution to the carrier matrix is ​​1:1. The stirring device is started to stir the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix to ensure that the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix are fully mixed and that the microorganisms are evenly attached to the surface of the carrier matrix. Microbial fertilizer fermentation: Pour the mixed microbial liquid and carrier substrate into a fermentation tank, control the fermentation temperature between 35-45℃, maintain the relative humidity at 60%-70%, and ferment for 7-10 days. During the fermentation process, microorganisms will decompose organic matter, release heat and carbon dioxide, and produce beneficial metabolites. Granulation and drying: The fermented microbial fertilizer is poured into the granulation equipment to form uniform granules. The uniformly sized microbial fertilizer granules are then transported to the drying equipment for drying. The drying temperature is controlled at 50℃-60℃ to reduce the moisture content of the material to 10% and prevent the granules from sticking together.

[0016] Before planting Polygonatum, biochar and microbial fertilizer are spread. Biochar is spread in the soil. Because biochar is rich in microporous structure, it increases the porosity of the soil, improves the aeration and water permeability of the soil. At the same time, biochar has adsorption and buffering properties, which can regulate the pH of the soil, adsorb and store nutrients, reduce the loss of soil nutrients, and provide a good habitat for soil microorganisms. When microbial fertilizer is spread in the soil, the microorganisms in the fertilizer loosen the soil, creating a good environment for the growth of Solomon's seal root system. At the same time, the microorganisms in the fertilizer can decompose organic matter and release nutrients that plants can absorb. The metabolites of the microorganisms in the fertilizer help maintain the soil's acid-base balance, making the soil more suitable for Solomon's seal growth. After the biochar and microbial fertilizer were applied, the Polygonatum plants were planted in the planting trenches of the Masson pine forest at a planting density of 25 cm between rows and 20 cm between plants.

[0017] Example 2: A method for synergistic and enhanced intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum includes the following steps: Site selection and land preparation: Select a Masson pine forest with a good ecological environment, fertile soil, and good drainage as the planting site. The soil of the forest should be loose, with good water retention and permeability, and preferably slightly acidic, damp soil, gray soil, and humus soil. After the site selection is completed, the forest should be prepared in horizontal strips. Biochar preparation: Select raw materials and crush them. Then, pyrolyze the crushed raw materials to produce biochar. After the biochar is produced, it is cooled, screened and ground. Microbial fertilizer preparation: Select suitable microbial strains and carrier substrates, cultivate and mix the microbial strains, and at the same time crush and screen the carrier substrates. Then mix the microbial strains and carrier substrates, and put the mixed microbial strains and carrier substrates into a fermentation tank for fermentation. After a period of fermentation, granulate and dry the fermentation product to make microbial fertilizer. Polygonatum cultivation: Before planting Polygonatum, the prepared biochar and microbial fertilizer are mixed and evenly spread in the planting trench of the Masson pine forest, and then Polygonatum is planted in the Masson pine forest.

[0018] Site selection and land preparation: Select pine forests with a canopy density of 0.5-0.6 and a slope of no more than 25° to ensure good light and ventilation conditions for planting. After site selection, prepare horizontal strips with a width of 1.2-1.5 meters.

[0019] Biochar preparation includes: Raw material selection: Agricultural waste, including a mixture of straw, fruit shells and sawdust, and forestry residues, including a mixture of pine sawdust and pine needles, are selected as raw materials, with the mass ratio of agricultural waste to forestry residues being 4:1; Raw material pretreatment: crushing and grinding the raw materials to facilitate subsequent processing and help improve the reaction efficiency of the raw materials during pyrolysis; Pyrolysis processing: The pretreated raw materials are placed in a pyrolysis reactor and pyrolyzed at 600°C in an environment with an oxygen concentration of less than 1% to produce biochar. Cooling and collection: The biochar produced by pyrolysis is cooled down to about 20°C by the cooling airflow of a cooling device, and the cooled biochar is collected at the same time. Screening and grinding: The collected biochar is screened and ground to remove impurities and grind it into fine particles.

[0020] The preparation of microbial fertilizer includes: Strain selection: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were selected as strains for the preparation of microbial fertilizer; Microbial culture: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were activated and cultured. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were cultured in a medium containing insoluble phosphorus at 25℃-30℃ for 3-5 days. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were cultured in a nitrogen-deficient medium at 28℃-32℃ for 4-6 days, until the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria reached a concentration of 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The bacterial concentration of CFU / mL and nitrogen-fixing bacteria reached 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 bacterial concentration in CFU / mL; Microbial strain mixing: The cultured phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed in a 1:1 ratio to prepare a compound microbial culture solution; Carrier substrate selection: Select organic fertilizers such as cow manure and soybean meal as carrier substrates; Carrier substrate treatment: The selected carrier substrate is crushed and sieved to make the carrier substrate particle size uniform, which is convenient for mixing with bacterial solution. At the same time, the crushed carrier substrate is sieved to remove impurities. Mixing of bacterial solution and carrier matrix: The compound microbial bacterial solution of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is diluted with distilled water at a ratio of 1:100. At the same time, the diluted compound microbial bacterial solution is evenly sprayed onto the carrier matrix. The mass ratio of the diluted compound microbial bacterial solution to the carrier matrix is ​​1:1. The stirring device is started to stir the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix to ensure that the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix are fully mixed and that the microorganisms are evenly attached to the surface of the carrier matrix. Microbial fertilizer fermentation: Pour the mixed microbial liquid and carrier substrate into a fermentation tank, control the fermentation temperature between 35-45℃, maintain the relative humidity at 60%-70%, and ferment for 7-10 days. During the fermentation process, microorganisms will decompose organic matter, release heat and carbon dioxide, and produce beneficial metabolites. Granulation and drying: The fermented microbial fertilizer is poured into the granulation equipment to form uniform granules. The uniformly sized microbial fertilizer granules are then transported to the drying equipment for drying. The drying temperature is controlled at 50℃-60℃ to reduce the moisture content of the material to 10% and prevent the granules from sticking together.

[0021] Before planting Polygonatum, biochar and microbial fertilizer are spread. Biochar is spread in the soil. Because biochar is rich in microporous structure, it increases the porosity of the soil, improves the aeration and water permeability of the soil. At the same time, biochar has adsorption and buffering properties, which can regulate the pH of the soil, adsorb and store nutrients, reduce the loss of soil nutrients, and provide a good habitat for soil microorganisms. When microbial fertilizer is spread in the soil, the microorganisms in the fertilizer loosen the soil, creating a good environment for the growth of Solomon's seal root system. At the same time, the microorganisms in the fertilizer can decompose organic matter and release nutrients that plants can absorb. The metabolites of the microorganisms in the fertilizer help maintain the soil's acid-base balance, making the soil more suitable for Solomon's seal growth. After the biochar and microbial fertilizer were applied, the Polygonatum plants were planted in the planting trenches of the Masson pine forest at a planting density of 25 cm between rows and 20 cm between plants.

[0022] Example 3: A method for synergistic and enhanced intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum includes the following steps: Site selection and land preparation: Select a Masson pine forest with a good ecological environment, fertile soil, and good drainage as the planting site. The soil of the forest should be loose, with good water retention and permeability, and preferably slightly acidic, damp soil, gray soil, and humus soil. After the site selection is completed, the forest should be prepared in horizontal strips. Biochar preparation: Select raw materials and crush them. Then, pyrolyze the crushed raw materials to produce biochar. After the biochar is produced, it is cooled, screened and ground. Microbial fertilizer preparation: Select suitable microbial strains and carrier substrates, cultivate and mix the microbial strains, and at the same time crush and screen the carrier substrates. Then mix the microbial strains and carrier substrates, and put the mixed microbial strains and carrier substrates into a fermentation tank for fermentation. After a period of fermentation, granulate and dry the fermentation product to make microbial fertilizer. Polygonatum cultivation: Before planting Polygonatum, the prepared biochar and microbial fertilizer are mixed and evenly spread in the planting trench of the Masson pine forest, and then Polygonatum is planted in the Masson pine forest.

[0023] Site selection and land preparation: Select pine forests with a canopy density of 0.5-0.6 and a slope of no more than 25° to ensure good light and ventilation conditions for planting. After site selection, prepare horizontal strips with a width of 1.2-1.5 meters.

[0024] Biochar preparation includes: Raw material selection: Agricultural waste, including a mixture of straw, fruit shells and sawdust, and forestry residues, including a mixture of pine sawdust and pine needles, are selected as raw materials, with the mass ratio of agricultural waste to forestry residues being 4:1; Raw material pretreatment: crushing and grinding the raw materials to facilitate subsequent processing and help improve the reaction efficiency of the raw materials during pyrolysis; Pyrolysis processing: The pretreated raw materials are placed in a pyrolysis reactor and pyrolyzed at 600°C in an environment with an oxygen concentration of less than 1% to produce biochar. Cooling and collection: The biochar produced by pyrolysis is cooled down to about 20°C by the cooling airflow of a cooling device, and the cooled biochar is collected at the same time. Screening and grinding: The collected biochar is screened and ground to remove impurities and grind it into fine particles.

[0025] The preparation of microbial fertilizer includes: Strain selection: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were selected as strains for the preparation of microbial fertilizer; Microbial culture: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were activated and cultured. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were cultured in a medium containing insoluble phosphorus at 25℃-30℃ for 3-5 days. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were cultured in a nitrogen-deficient medium at 28℃-32℃ for 4-6 days, until the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria reached a concentration of 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The bacterial concentration of CFU / mL and nitrogen-fixing bacteria reached 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 bacterial concentration in CFU / mL; Microbial strain mixing: The cultured phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed at a ratio of 1:2 to prepare a compound microbial culture solution; Carrier substrate selection: Select organic fertilizers such as cow manure and soybean meal as carrier substrates; Carrier substrate treatment: The selected carrier substrate is crushed and sieved to make the carrier substrate particle size uniform, which is convenient for mixing with bacterial solution. At the same time, the crushed carrier substrate is sieved to remove impurities. Mixing of bacterial solution and carrier matrix: The compound microbial bacterial solution of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is diluted with distilled water at a ratio of 1:100. At the same time, the diluted compound microbial bacterial solution is evenly sprayed onto the carrier matrix. The mass ratio of the diluted compound microbial bacterial solution to the carrier matrix is ​​1:1. The stirring device is started to stir the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix to ensure that the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix are fully mixed and that the microorganisms are evenly attached to the surface of the carrier matrix. Microbial fertilizer fermentation: Pour the mixed microbial liquid and carrier substrate into a fermentation tank, control the fermentation temperature between 35-45℃, maintain the relative humidity at 60%-70%, and ferment for 7-10 days. During the fermentation process, microorganisms will decompose organic matter, release heat and carbon dioxide, and produce beneficial metabolites. Granulation and drying: The fermented microbial fertilizer is poured into the granulation equipment to form uniform granules. The uniformly sized microbial fertilizer granules are then transported to the drying equipment for drying. The drying temperature is controlled at 50℃-60℃ to reduce the moisture content of the material to 10% and prevent the granules from sticking together.

[0026] Before planting Polygonatum, biochar and microbial fertilizer are spread. Biochar is spread in the soil. Because biochar is rich in microporous structure, it increases the porosity of the soil, improves the aeration and water permeability of the soil. At the same time, biochar has adsorption and buffering properties, which can regulate the pH of the soil, adsorb and store nutrients, reduce the loss of soil nutrients, and provide a good habitat for soil microorganisms. When microbial fertilizer is spread in the soil, the microorganisms in the fertilizer loosen the soil, creating a good environment for the growth of Solomon's seal root system. At the same time, the microorganisms in the fertilizer can decompose organic matter and release nutrients that plants can absorb. The metabolites of the microorganisms in the fertilizer help maintain the soil's acid-base balance, making the soil more suitable for Solomon's seal growth. After the biochar and microbial fertilizer were applied, the Polygonatum plants were planted in the planting trenches of the Masson pine forest at a planting density of 25 cm between rows and 20 cm between plants.

[0027] The following table is derived from Examples 1-3:

[0028] The comparison in the table above shows that: The optimal synergistic effect of a 1:1 mixture of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria ensures that the amount of phosphorus dissolved and nitrogen fixed in the soil is moderate when the bacterial solution is used. This prevents the nitrogen-fixing ability of nitrogen-fixing bacteria from being affected by a high dosage of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and vice versa, thus achieving the best fertilizer efficiency and economic benefits for Solomon's seal cultivation.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for synergistic and enhanced intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Site selection and land preparation: Select a Masson pine forest with a good ecological environment, fertile soil, and good drainage as the planting site. The soil of the forest should be loose, with good water retention and permeability, and preferably slightly acidic, damp soil, gray soil, and humus soil. After the site selection is completed, the forest should be prepared in horizontal strips. Biochar preparation: Select raw materials and crush them. Then, pyrolyze the crushed raw materials to produce biochar. After the biochar is produced, it is cooled, screened and ground. Microbial fertilizer preparation: Select suitable microbial strains and carrier substrates, cultivate and mix the microbial strains, and at the same time crush and screen the carrier substrates. Then mix the microbial strains and carrier substrates, and put the mixed microbial strains and carrier substrates into a fermentation tank for fermentation. After a period of fermentation, granulate and dry the fermentation product to make microbial fertilizer. Polygonatum cultivation: Before planting Polygonatum, the prepared biochar and microbial fertilizer are mixed and evenly spread in the planting trench of the Masson pine forest, and then Polygonatum is planted in the Masson pine forest.

2. The method for synergistic intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum sibiricum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The site selection and land preparation should be carried out on slopes with a canopy density of 0.5-0.6 and a forest slope of no more than 25° to ensure good light and ventilation conditions. After the site selection is completed, horizontal strip land preparation should be carried out with a width of 1.2-1.5 meters.

3. The method for synergistic intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum sibiricum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biochar preparation includes: Raw material selection: Agricultural waste, including a mixture of straw, fruit shells and sawdust, and forestry residues, including a mixture of pine sawdust and pine needles, are selected as raw materials, with the mass ratio of agricultural waste to forestry residues being 4:1; Raw material pretreatment: crushing and grinding the raw materials to facilitate subsequent processing and help improve the reaction efficiency of the raw materials during pyrolysis; Pyrolysis processing: The pretreated raw materials are placed in a pyrolysis reactor and pyrolyzed at 600°C in an environment with an oxygen concentration of less than 1% to produce biochar. Cooling and collection: The biochar produced by pyrolysis is cooled down to about 20°C by the cooling airflow of a cooling device, and the cooled biochar is collected at the same time. Screening and grinding: The collected biochar is screened and ground to remove impurities and grind it into fine particles.

4. The method for synergistic intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum sibiricum according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation of the microbial fertilizer includes: Strain selection: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were selected as strains for the preparation of microbial fertilizer; Microbial culture: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were activated and cultured. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were cultured in a medium containing insoluble phosphorus at 25℃-30℃ for 3-5 days. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were cultured in a nitrogen-deficient medium at 28℃-32℃ for 4-6 days, until the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria reached a concentration of 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The bacterial concentration of CFU / mL and nitrogen-fixing bacteria reached 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 bacterial concentration in CFU / mL; Microbial strain mixing: The cultured phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed in a certain proportion to prepare a compound microbial culture solution; Carrier substrate selection: Select organic fertilizers such as cow manure and soybean meal as carrier substrates; Carrier substrate treatment: The selected carrier substrate is crushed and sieved to make the carrier substrate particle size uniform, which is convenient for mixing with bacterial solution. At the same time, the crushed carrier substrate is sieved to remove impurities. Mixing of bacterial solution and carrier matrix: The compound microbial bacterial solution of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is diluted with distilled water at a ratio of 1:

100. At the same time, the diluted compound microbial bacterial solution is evenly sprayed onto the carrier matrix. The mass ratio of the diluted compound microbial bacterial solution to the carrier matrix is ​​1:

1. The stirring device is started to stir the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix to ensure that the bacterial solution and the carrier matrix are fully mixed and that the microorganisms are evenly attached to the surface of the carrier matrix. Microbial fertilizer fermentation: Pour the mixed microbial liquid and carrier substrate into a fermentation tank, control the fermentation temperature between 35-45℃, maintain the relative humidity at 60%-70%, and ferment for 7-10 days. During the fermentation process, microorganisms will decompose organic matter, release heat and carbon dioxide, and produce beneficial metabolites. Granulation and drying: The fermented microbial fertilizer is poured into the granulation equipment to form uniform granules. The uniformly sized microbial fertilizer granules are then transported to the drying equipment for drying. The drying temperature is controlled at 50℃-60℃ to reduce the moisture content of the material to 10% and prevent the granules from sticking together.

5. The method for synergistic intercropping of Masson pine and Polygonatum sibiricum according to claim 4, characterized in that: Before planting, biochar and microbial fertilizer are spread in the soil. The biochar is spread in the soil. Because biochar is rich in microporous structure, it increases the porosity of the soil, improves the aeration and water permeability of the soil. At the same time, biochar has adsorption and buffering properties, which can regulate the pH of the soil, adsorb and store nutrients, reduce the loss of soil nutrients, and provide a good habitat for soil microorganisms. When microbial fertilizer is spread in the soil, the microorganisms in the fertilizer loosen the soil, creating a good environment for the growth of Solomon's seal root system. At the same time, the microorganisms in the fertilizer can decompose organic matter and release nutrients that plants can absorb. The metabolites of the microorganisms in the fertilizer help maintain the soil's acid-base balance, making the soil more suitable for Solomon's seal growth. After the biochar and microbial fertilizer were applied, the Polygonatum plants were planted in the planting trenches of the Masson pine forest at a planting density of 25 cm between rows and 20 cm between plants.

Images