Single-ball mounting structure and ball mounting machine thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-ball mounting structure and a ball mounting machine thereof. The single-ball mounting structure comprises a main body block, at least one ball loading bin is arranged on the main body block; the ball containing bin is used for containing a plurality of balls. A first ball falling channel is arranged at the bottom of the ball loading bin; the end, away from the ball containing bin, of the first ball falling channel communicates with the ball passing channel. The ball passing channel further communicates with a second ball falling channel. The ball passing channel is internally provided with a ball distributing ejector rod used for pushing a single ball into the second ball falling channel from the ball passing channel. The second ball falling channel is communicated with the two-way air hole; the two-way air hole is connected with a two-way air source so that the single ball arranged in the second ball falling channel can be kept or guided out of the second ball falling channel to be installed. Single balls are accurately pushed through the ball distributing ejector rod, the balls are kept or guided out through air control, the problem that single-ball control of traditional equipment fails is effectively solved, single-ball accurate control can be effectively achieved, multi-ball or non-ball installation accidents are avoided, meanwhile, the channel blocking risk is reduced, and the installation efficiency and reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of voice coil motors, and more particularly to a single-ball mounting structure and its ball loading machine. Background Technology

[0002] In VCM motors, ball bearings are frequently used for guidance. These can be single balls or multiple balls arranged in rows or multiple rows. The diameter of these balls is generally less than 1mm, preferably 0.6mm, and they typically require a ball loading machine for installation. However, ball loading machines in this field are usually based on a "separate loading and unloading - negative pressure suction - depressurization release" ball bearing installation device. Its core drawbacks stem from its serialized process, fragile components, and reliability risks (suction failure). These drawbacks lead to difficulties in further improving installation consistency, a ceiling on production yield, and insufficient efficiency compared to other production equipment.

[0003] Another type of equipment, which uses a channel-guided gravity-based ball bearing installation method, has a low failure rate, but it struggles to guarantee single-ball installation effectively, easily leading to issues like multiple balls or no balls. Furthermore, to ensure ball bearing installation accuracy, the diameter of the outlet channel must be slightly larger than the ball's diameter (e.g., a 0.6mm ball corresponds to a 0.65mm outlet channel). This results in a limited gap between the outlet channel and the ball. Smaller ball diameters and masses mean that the friction and air resistance between the ball and the inner wall of the outlet channel during gravity fall have a more significant impact on the ball's descent speed, leading to longer descent times for smaller balls and affecting installation efficiency. The small outlet channel diameter can also cause dust accumulation, further slowing the descent of smaller balls and impacting installation efficiency. Additionally, oil buildup on the balls can increase friction, causing ball jamming and resulting in missing or multiple balls. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a single-ball mounting structure and a ball loading machine thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0006] A single-ball mounting structure includes a main block; the main block has at least one ball-loading chamber; the ball-loading chamber is used to accommodate a plurality of balls; the bottom of the ball-loading chamber has a first ball-dropping channel; the end of the first ball-dropping channel away from the ball-loading chamber is connected to a ball-passing channel; the ball-passing channel is also connected to a second ball-dropping channel; a ball-distributing rod for pushing a single ball from the ball-passing channel into the second ball-dropping channel is disposed in the ball-passing channel; the second ball-dropping channel is connected to a bidirectional air hole; the bidirectional air hole is connected to a bidirectional air source so that a single ball placed in the second ball-dropping channel is held or discharged from the second ball-dropping channel to achieve installation.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the top opening of the ball loading chamber is provided with a ball loading chamber cover; the ball loading chamber is funnel-shaped to introduce the ball into the first ball dropping channel; the ball passing channel is set at an angle to the first ball dropping channel.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the side of the ball loading chamber near the first ball dropping channel is connected to the ball blowing air hole, thereby using the airflow introduced through the ball blowing air hole to avoid material accumulation.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the end of the ball-splitting push rod away from the ball passage is connected to the propulsion cylinder; the ball-splitting push rod includes a main body and a push pin; the push pin is disposed in the ball passage; the end of the ball passage away from the second ball drop channel is also connected to a main body receiving channel for receiving the main body; the diameter of the main body receiving channel is larger than the diameter of the ball passage; the diameter of the main body is larger than the diameter of the push pin; a stop wall is formed at the junction of the main body receiving channel and the ball passage; when the stop wall abuts against the main body, the push pin pushes a single ball into the second ball drop channel; the ball passage and the second ball drop channel are set at an angle, so that the ball cannot actively enter the second ball drop channel.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, a limiting structure is provided at the connection between the ball passage and the second ball drop channel to maintain the position of a single ball entering the second ball drop channel under the action of a bidirectional air source; the main block is also provided with a material sensor for detecting whether there is a ball in the second ball drop channel.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, an extension channel is provided at the top of the second ball-falling channel; the extension channel is coaxially arranged with the second ball-falling channel; a material sensor for detecting whether there is a ball in the second ball-falling channel is provided at the top of the extension channel; a bidirectional air hole is connected to the side of the extension channel; the bidirectional air source draws air to keep the single ball in the second ball-falling channel; the bidirectional air source is closed or blows air or blows air first and then draws air to allow the single ball to be discharged from the second ball-falling channel.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, a bidirectional air hole communicating with the second ball drop channel is provided on the main body block away from the connection between the ball passage and the second ball drop channel and located below the connection; the bidirectional air source blows air to keep the single ball in the second ball drop channel; the bidirectional air source closes or draws air to allow the single ball to be discharged from the second ball drop channel; the connection between the bidirectional air hole and the second ball drop channel forms a connecting hole.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, a positioning needle is provided at the bottom of the second ball drop channel; the inner hole of the positioning needle is connected to the second ball drop channel and allows the ball to pass through; the positioning needle is connected to the main body block through a mounting plate; the diameter of the second ball drop channel is larger than the diameter of the positioning needle; a beveled guide is provided at the connection between the second ball drop channel and the positioning needle.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the main body block is connected to the base plate; a propulsion cylinder is fixedly provided on the base plate; the piston head of the propulsion cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting block; and the ball-operated push rod is connected to the connecting block.

[0015] A ball loading machine has the aforementioned single-ball mounting structure; it also includes a support frame; the support frame is connected to the single-ball mounting mechanism via a three-axis motion mechanism; the three-axis motion mechanism is connected to a connecting seat; the connecting seat is connected to a base plate via a fine-tuning seat; and the base plate is connected to a main block.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The single-ball installation structure and ball loading machine provided in this application include a main block; at least one ball loading chamber is provided on the main block; a first ball dropping channel is provided at the bottom of the ball loading chamber; the ball passage channel and the second ball dropping channel are set at an angle and equipped with a ball-distributing top rod, which, combined with bidirectional air holes, controls the state of the ball. The ball-distributing top rod accurately pushes a single ball and uses air control to hold or eject the ball, effectively solving the problem of single-ball control failure in traditional equipment. It has a reasonable structural design, can effectively achieve precise control of a single ball, avoids accidents caused by multiple balls or no balls during installation, reduces the risk of channel blockage, and improves installation efficiency and reliability. It also reduces the impact force during installation while shortening the installation time. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the single-sphere mounting structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of the single-sphere mounting structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section diagram;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Another embodiment of the structure of section B;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the ball loading machine of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 100. Main body block; 110. Ball loading chamber; 111. First ball drop channel; 112. Ball chamber cover; 113. Ball blowing air hole; 114. Machining hole; 120. Ball passage channel; 121. Main body receiving channel; 122. Stop wall; 130. Second ball drop channel; 131. Extension channel; 140. Bidirectional air hole; 141. Connecting hole; 150. Limiting structure; 160. Material sensor; 170. Mounting plate; 171. Inclined surface; 180. Alignment needle; 200. Ball splitting rod; 210. Main body; 220. Ejector pin; 300. Propulsion cylinder; 310. Piston head; 320. Connecting block; 400. Base plate; 500. Fine-tuning seat; 600. Connecting seat; 700. Three-axis motion mechanism; 800. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to represent selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] In existing technologies, ball bearing installation equipment for VCM motors generally suffers from unreliable single-ball installation and multiple-ball jamming issues. Traditional negative pressure suction equipment suffers from process serialization, component fragility, and suction failure risks, making it difficult to improve installation consistency. Although gravity-guided equipment has a low failure rate, it cannot effectively control the descent of individual balls, and small-diameter balls are significantly affected by friction and air resistance in narrow channels, resulting in limited ball descent speed and prolonged descent time, affecting installation efficiency. On the other hand, oil contamination on the balls may increase friction, causing ball jamming and resulting in multiple ball leakage.

[0030] The fall time of spheres with different diameters within the second ball-falling channel 130 was calculated and analyzed. The second ball-falling channel 130 can be considered equivalent to a cylinder closed at the top and open at the bottom. The spheres are released from rest near the top of the channel and undergo free fall. The inner diameter (D) of the channel is slightly larger than the diameter (d) of the spheres to ensure smooth fall, but their motion is inevitably affected by the channel environment. The key premise is that the ratio of the inner diameter to the diameter of the sphere (D / d) remains constant for channels used with spheres of different sizes, and the channel length (L) is fixed at 35 mm (0.035 meters). Within this distance, the spheres are always in the acceleration phase and are far from reaching their terminal velocity.

[0031] Ceramic sphere, sphere diameter (d1) = 0.6 mm = 0.0006 m, channel inner diameter (D1) = 0.65 mm = 0.00065 m, density... (Alumina ceramics)

[0032] The steel ball has a diameter (d2) of 5 mm, which is 0.005 m. The inner diameter of the channel (D2) is determined by proportional conversion.

[0033] The proportional relationship is: d1 / D1 = d2 / D2.

[0034] Calculation process: 0.6 / 0.65=5 / D2.

[0035] Therefore, D2 = 5 * (0.65 / 0.6) ≈ 5.417 mm = 0.005417 m.

[0036] Steel ball material: density .

[0037] Air parameters: dynamic viscosity ,density

[0038] (The buoyancy is much smaller than the weight and can be ignored).

[0039] Free fall time: , t0=0.0845s.

[0040] Coefficient of sliding friction: ceramic and channel wall (assuming metal) μ1=0.3; steel and channel wall μ2=0.2 (typical experimental value).

[0041] Normal pressure N: In an extremely narrow channel, there is a tiny contact between the sphere and the wall, approximately N=k*mg (k=0.1, simplified radial pressure ratio).

[0042] Formula for sliding friction:

[0043] The sphere is subjected to three forces: gravity G=mg, air viscous drag, and gravity. (Since r=d / 2,

[0044] ), sliding friction .

[0045] Because the channel is extremely narrow, a channel correction factor C needs to be introduced for correction. After substituting, Since the d / D ratios of the two spheres are the same, the correction factor for the ceramic sphere is C1 = 6.7647, and the correction factor for the steel sphere is C2 = 6.7647.

[0046] gravity: , .

[0047] Air viscous resistance (corrected): (v is instantaneous velocity);

[0048] According to Newton's second law Establish the equations of motion:

[0049] Simplify by dividing both sides by the mass m:

[0050]

[0051] Where k 总 K is the total resistance coefficient, which is inversely proportional to the square of the diameter d. The smaller the diameter, the larger the resistance, and the stronger the inhibition of operation.

[0052] Integrating the equations of motion (initial conditions: v=0 at t=0 (initial velocity of free fall is 0)), we obtain the relationship between displacement s(t) and time t:

[0053] ,

[0054] We need to substitute s = 0.035m (channel length) and solve for t using the iterative method.

[0055] Total drag coefficient of ceramic balls:

[0056] .

[0057] Substitute the relevant parameters into the displacement equation:

[0058]

[0059] After iteration, the falling time of the 0.6mm ceramic ball (Due to the combined effects of sliding friction and air resistance, the time is 0.845s longer than the time without resistance).

[0060] Total drag coefficient of steel ball:

[0061] .

[0062] Substitute the relevant parameters into the displacement equation:

[0063]

[0064] After iteration, the falling time of a 5mm steel ball (Slightly longer than the resistance-free time of 0.0845s, with extremely weak effects from sliding friction and air resistance).

[0065] The time t1 increased by approximately (0.1-0.084) / 0.084≈19% compared to the free fall time.

[0066] The time t2 is essentially the same as the time of free fall, meaning that the effect of drag on a steel ball with a diameter of 5mm or greater is negligible. The smaller the diameter of the steel ball, the greater the proportion of drag to gravity, and the longer the fall time.

[0067] Furthermore, the falling time of a 5mm ceramic ball (d3=5mm) is calculated:

[0068] Total drag coefficient of 5mm ceramic ball:

[0069] .

[0070] Substitute the relevant parameters into the displacement equation:

[0071]

[0072] After iteration, the falling time of the 5mm ceramic ball The falling time is basically the same as that of a 5mm steel ball.

[0073] The above calculations confirm that the 0.6mm ceramic spheres used in this application are significantly affected in slightly larger channels, with the falling speed increasing by approximately 19%. As the channel lengthens further, installation efficiency becomes even more limited. On the other hand, oil contamination on the spheres may increase friction. When this friction is combined with air viscous resistance, the impact on the spheres' fall is further aggravated, leading to a higher proportion of resistance relative to the sphere's weight and a longer falling time. In actual production, the 0.6mm spheres used in VCM motors are actually ceramic spheres; therefore, the above calculations use ceramic spheres, while spheres larger than 5mm are generally steel spheres.

[0074] To address these issues, researchers discovered that the core deficiency of existing equipment lies in the lack of an active ball-separating mechanism and dynamic control methods. Analysis revealed that relying solely on gravity or negative pressure suction cups cannot simultaneously resolve the contradiction between ball-separating accuracy and falling speed. After repeated experiments, a solution combining mechanical pushing and pneumatic control was proposed. This solution utilizes the channel angle limitation and physical isolation created by the ball-separating top rod 200, combined with bidirectional airflow to achieve precise control of ball retention and release.

[0075] See Figure 1-5As shown, this application proposes a single-ball mounting structure, including a main body block 100. A ball-loading chamber 110 is provided on the main body block 100. The bottom of the ball-loading chamber 110 is connected to a first ball-dropping channel 111, and the end of the first ball-dropping channel 111 is connected to a ball-passing channel 120. The ball-passing channel 120 is also connected to a second ball-dropping channel 130. The ball-passing channel 120 and the second ball-dropping channel 130 are arranged at an angle, preventing the ball from actively entering the second ball-dropping channel 130. A ball-splitting rod 200 for pushing a single ball from the ball-passing channel 120 into the second ball-dropping channel 130 is disposed within the ball-passing channel 120. The second ball-dropping channel 130 is connected to a bidirectional air vent 140 and communicates with a bidirectional air source. The bidirectional air vent 140 is connected to the bidirectional air source so that a single ball placed in the second ball-dropping channel 130 is held or discharged from the second ball-dropping channel 130 for mounting. Existing technology uses a stop lever to prevent the ball from falling; once the lever is removed, the ball falls freely. However, it cannot control the ball's accelerated descent. Furthermore, rapidly pushing the falling ball after the lever is removed requires a high motor response speed, increasing costs and control difficulty, and potentially posing a risk of impact with the ceramic ball. Additionally, existing ball loading machines are generally suitable for larger diameter balls, such as those greater than 5mm. When used with a 0.6mm diameter ball, the descent speed of the 0.6mm ball within the channel is significantly limited, increasing installation time.

[0076] The ball-loading chamber 110 is a cavity for storing balls, which can be implemented using a funnel-shaped structure. Its bottom constriction design guides the balls into the first ball-dropping channel 111 in an orderly manner. The first ball-dropping channel 111 is a vertical or inclined pipe connecting the ball-loading chamber 110 and the ball-passing channel 120, achieving initial ball transport through gravity. The ball-distributing push rod 200 is a push rod assembly with a pusher pin 220 structure, which pushes a single ball in the ball-passing channel 120 into the second ball-dropping channel 130 through linear motion. The bidirectional air vent 140 is a channel connected to an air source, which controls the retention or descent of the ball in the second ball-dropping channel 130 by switching between suction and blowing modes. The term "held" can be understood as a single ball remaining suspended within the second ball-dropping channel 130 under the action of the bidirectional air source without falling. The suspension position can be the initial position pushed into the second ball-dropping channel 130 by the ball-splitting top rod 200, or it can be above or below the initial position. When the single ball is suspended within the second ball-dropping channel 130, it can be relatively stationary, or it can rotate while relatively stationary, or it can float slightly up and down within the second ball-dropping channel 130 / float along the axis of the second ball-dropping channel 130, depending on the control of the bidirectional air source.

[0077] Specifically, after the spheres enter the ball passage channel 120 from the ball loading chamber 110 via the first ball drop channel 111, they accumulate at the top of the ball-separating rod 200 due to the channel angle limitation. Initially, the pin 220 of the ball-separating rod 200 is located within the ball passage channel 120, at which point there are no spheres in the passage channel 120. During operation, the ball-separating rod 200 retracts, allowing one sphere to fall from the first ball drop channel 111 into the ball passage channel 120. The ball-separating rod 200 then quickly pushes forward, propelling the single sphere into the second ball drop channel 130. The ball-separating rod 200 then abuts against the bottom of the first ball drop channel 111 to prevent the sphere from entering the ball passage channel 120, thus achieving physical separation of the single sphere. At this time, the bidirectional air vent 140 is activated, and the airflow suspends the sphere within the second ball drop channel 130, preventing subsequent spheres from entering, thereby achieving double protection.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, a limiting structure 150 is provided at the connection between the ball passage 120 and the second ball drop channel 130 to maintain the position of a single ball entering the second ball drop channel 130 under the action of a bidirectional air source. This limits the single ball at the connection, preventing multiple balls from entering the second ball drop channel 130 from the ball passage 120. The limiting structure 150 can be provided with a limiting step or a breathable net at the top of the second ball drop channel 130 to prevent the single ball from moving further upwards. That is, the top of the single ball entering the second ball drop channel 130 is limited, ensuring that the single ball is confined to its initial position under the action of the bidirectional air source. When the ball needs to be released, the air source is reversed, and the airflow accelerates the ball's descent to complete the installation. The dynamic control of the bidirectional airflow solves both the problem of resistance during the fall of the small ball and avoids the collision risk caused by rigid pushing.

[0079] In one embodiment, a single ball can be held within the second ball drop channel 130 even without the limiting structure 150. When the ball-splitting top rod 200 is set horizontally, that is, when the ball passage 120 is set horizontally, the single ball only has horizontal velocity when it is pushed into the second ball drop channel 130, and is relatively stationary in the vertical direction. Therefore, when the pressure in the second ball drop channel 130 is appropriate, the single ball can be held in the initial position of being pushed into the second ball drop channel 130 without the aid of the limiting structure 150.

[0080] The synergistic effect of the ball-separating push rod 200 and the pneumatic control system constructs a composite mechanical and pneumatic control system. This system ensures the accuracy of single-ball separation while improving the control of small-diameter balls during their descent, enabling rapid installation. When a single ball is held within the second ball-dropping channel 130, it not only prevents another ball from simultaneously appearing within the channel, but also allows for equipment movement during the time the single ball is held, saving installation time. Essentially, after installing the previous ball, the equipment moves to the next installation position. During this movement, the ball-separating push rod 200 operates, pre-positioning the single ball into the second ball-dropping channel 130 for holding, allowing for rapid installation once the equipment is in place. The dual-flow air source accelerates the falling ball, effectively avoiding the problem of slow falling speed of small balls. It also cleans the second ball-falling channel 130. The airflow acceleration makes the contact with the ball gentler, avoiding the impact problems that may occur when using rigid structures such as push rods for acceleration. It should be noted that the ball-splitting push rod 200 in this invention is only used to push the ball into the second ball-falling channel 130. Its speed is relatively small and will not produce obvious impact effects.

[0081] Compared to existing technologies, traditional negative pressure suction equipment relies on vacuum adsorption, which is prone to sphere detachment due to seal failure. This solution, however, improves the reliability of single-sphere separation through a dual mechanism of mechanical pushing and pneumatic holding. Compared to gravity-guided equipment that passively relies on the sphere's own weight, this solution actively controls the descent process using airflow, significantly shortening the transport time of the tiny spheres. The synergistic effect of the channel angle constraint and the sphere-separating push rod 200 fundamentally eliminates the possibility of multiple spheres entering the installation channel in parallel.

[0082] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves precise separation and controllable transport of single spheres, effectively avoiding phenomena such as multiple spheres or no spheres. The pneumatic control module accelerates the sphere's descent while simultaneously cleaning the inner wall of the channel through airflow, maintaining long-term operational stability. The combined mechanical and pneumatic control system balances sphere separation accuracy and installation efficiency, making it particularly suitable for automated installation scenarios of miniature spheres with a diameter less than 1 mm.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present invention, a ball chamber cover 112 is provided at the top opening of the ball chamber 110, and the ball chamber 110 is funnel-shaped to introduce the ball into the first ball drop channel 111.

[0084] The ball chamber cover 112 refers to the closed structure covering the top opening of the ball chamber 110. Specifically, it can be implemented using a hinged cover, a sliding cover, or a split cover. This physical barrier prevents the balls from being ejected during loading due to vibration or external force, while also preventing external dust or foreign objects from entering the ball chamber 110. The funnel shape of the ball chamber 110 means that its inner cavity gradually narrows from top to bottom, forming a conical channel. This can be achieved through an inclined inner wall or a stepped diameter-reducing structure. Gravity guides the balls to gather at the bottom and slide into the first ball drop channel 111.

[0085] Specifically, the ball chamber cover 112 seals the top of the ball chamber 110 in a closed state, using various methods such as screw fixing, to prevent the balls from accidentally popping out during loading or equipment operation, while also reducing external environmental contamination of the balls. The funnel-shaped structure of the ball chamber 110, guided by its conical inner wall, allows the balls to slide naturally down the inner wall under gravity to the entrance of the first ball drop channel 111 at the bottom, preventing balls from accumulating or getting stuck in the transition area between the side wall and the bottom of the ball chamber 110. The conical design of the ball chamber 110 further reduces the space for the balls to move within the chamber, ensuring that the balls are arranged in an orderly manner and enter the first ball drop channel 111 one by one, thereby improving conveying stability.

[0086] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ball passage 120 is set at an angle to the first ball drop channel 111. It is typically set as a right angle; however, it can also be set as an obtuse or acute angle depending on specific requirements.

[0087] In one embodiment of the present invention, a ball-blowing air hole 113 is provided on the side of the ball-loading chamber 110 near the first ball-dropping channel 111, and the airflow introduced through the ball-blowing air hole 113 is used to avoid material accumulation.

[0088] The ball-blowing vent 113 refers to an airflow channel located on the side wall of the ball-loading chamber 110, which can be implemented using a circular channel with a diameter of 0.3-0.8 mm. This vent is connected to a compressed air source via a pipeline, generating a directional airflow that acts on the ball accumulation area. The airflow parameters are controlled within the range of 0.05-0.2 MPa by a pressure regulating device, ensuring effective ball separation while preventing excessive airflow from causing bouncing.

[0089] Specifically, when the spheres in the loading chamber 110 accumulate to form an arched structure, the directional airflow generated by the blowing air holes 113 directly acts on the critical point of accumulation. The airflow cuts into the gaps between the spheres along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the loading chamber 110, decomposing the static friction between the spheres through aerodynamic force. Under the continuous action of the airflow, the accumulated spheres are peeled off layer by layer and orderly enter the first ball-falling channel 111. In this process, the airflow intensity and the structure of the loading chamber 110 are matched: when the diameter of the loading chamber 110 increases, the number of air holes or the airflow pressure is increased accordingly; when the diameter of the spheres decreases, the airflow velocity is increased accordingly to overcome the surface adsorption force. In one embodiment, when multiple loading chambers 110 are provided, the blowing air holes 113 can be connected to multiple loading chambers 110 simultaneously; such as Figure 1 As shown, the main body block 100 can be provided with multiple machining holes 114 that connect to the inside of the ball loading chamber 110. The ball blowing air hole 113 is located on the other side of the main body block 100 and simultaneously passes through multiple machining holes 114, thereby achieving simultaneous communication with multiple ball loading chambers 110. In actual use, the machining holes 114 are blocked to prevent air leakage.

[0090] Compared to existing technologies, traditional mechanical lever devices require direct contact with the balls for separation, resulting in high maintenance frequency due to mechanical wear and the risk of jamming of moving parts. This solution employs non-contact pneumatic intervention, achieving ball separation through precise control of airflow parameters, avoiding physical contact between moving parts and the balls, and fundamentally eliminating the problem of mechanical wear. Through this technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of low installation efficiency caused by ball accumulation in the ball loading chamber 110. Directional airflow continuously disrupts the static equilibrium between the balls, ensuring that the balls continuously and stably enter the first ball drop channel 111. This solution maintains the structural simplicity of the ball loading chamber 110 while achieving a non-contact anti-clogging function, significantly reducing equipment maintenance requirements and improving the continuity and reliability of the ball installation process.

[0091] In one embodiment of the present invention, the end of the ball-splitting push rod 200 away from the ball passage 120 is connected to the propulsion cylinder 300. The ball-splitting push rod 200 includes a main body 210 and a push pin 220. The push pin 220 is disposed in the ball passage 120. The end of the ball passage 120 away from the second ball drop channel 130 is connected to a main body receiving channel 121 for receiving the main body 210. The diameter of the main body receiving channel 121 is larger than the diameter of the ball passage 120, and the diameter of the main body 210 is larger than the diameter of the push pin 220. A stop wall 122 is formed at the junction of the main body receiving channel 121 and the ball passage 120. When the stop wall 122 abuts against the main body 210, the push pin 220 pushes a single ball into the second ball drop channel 130. The ball passage 120 and the second ball drop channel 130 are set at an angle, so that the ball cannot actively enter the second ball drop channel 130.

[0092] The main body 210 of the ball-splitting top rod 200 refers to a cylindrical component that forms a stepped structure with the ejector pin 220. It can be made of stainless steel and has a diameter larger than the ejector pin 220 to form a sliding fit within the main body receiving channel 121. The main body receiving channel 121 is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter larger than the ball passage channel 120. It can be machined using a stepped drilling process to accommodate the main body 210 of the ball-splitting top rod 200 and limit its range of motion. The stop wall 122 is the annular end face at the junction of the main body receiving channel 121 and the ball passage channel 120. It can be machined into a vertical stepped structure to contact the end face of the main body 210 and form a mechanical limit. The angle between the ball passage channel 120 and the second ball drop channel 130 means that they form a non-linear connection, such as a right angle or acute angle layout, to prevent the ball from sliding into the second ball drop channel 130 by geometric constraints.

[0093] Specifically, when the propulsion cylinder 300 drives the ball-splitting push rod 200 to move towards the ball passage 120, the main body 210 slides within the main body accommodating channel 121 until it contacts the stop wall 122. At this time, the end of the ejector pin 220 extends into the ball passage 120 and completely pushes the single ball into the second ball drop channel 130. The diameter difference design of the main body accommodating channel 121 ensures that the ball-splitting push rod 200 can only move in the axial direction, avoiding radial offset that could cause the ejector pin 220 to misalign. The hard limiting effect of the stop wall 122 keeps the extension length of the ejector pin 220 constant each time, ensuring the consistency of the ball's pushing position. When the ball passage 120 is horizontally set, the ball is transferred by the thrust of the ball-splitting push rod 200; when the ball passage 120 and the second ball drop channel 130 form an acute angle, the ball can only slide into the second ball drop channel 130 along the inclined surface under the action of the top thrust.

[0094] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ball passage 120 is horizontally positioned or forms an acute angle with the side of the second ball drop channel 130 near the exit. The acute angle between the ball passage 120 and the second ball drop channel 130 means that the angle formed by the axes of the two channels is less than 90 degrees, and can be set in the range of 30-60 degrees. This is used to guide the ball to move along a predetermined path and prevent the ball from falling into the second ball drop channel 130 when the ball-distributing top rod 200 is not working.

[0095] See Figure 4 The acute angle formed between the ball passage 120 and the second ball drop channel 130 specifically means that the angle between the lower part of the ball passage 120 and the second ball drop channel 130 is an acute angle. The second ball drop channel 130 is usually set vertically. At this time, the inclination of the ball passage 120 can prevent the ball from sliding into the second ball drop channel 130 under the action of gravity, and prevent multiple balls from appearing in the second ball drop channel 130.

[0096] In one embodiment of the present invention, the main block 100 is further provided with a material sensor 160 for detecting whether there is a ball in the second ball drop channel 130.

[0097] The material sensor 160 is a device capable of detecting the presence of a ball within the second ball-dropping channel 130. Specifically, it can be implemented using a photoelectric sensor or a pressure sensor, and is installed on the side wall or top of the second ball-dropping channel 130. Its function is to monitor in real time whether the ball has been successfully pushed into the second ball-dropping channel 130, ensuring the effectiveness of the ball-distributing rod 200's operation and preventing installation failure due to missed or insufficient pushing. In one embodiment, the material sensor 160 uses a Panasonic FD-31 threaded optical fiber, commonly known as a reflective optical fiber.

[0098] Specifically, when the ball-distributing pusher 200 pushes a single ball from the ball passage 120 into the second ball drop channel 130, the material sensor 160 immediately detects the ball's arrival signal, and the system then triggers an operation to hold or release the ball. If the material sensor 160 does not detect the ball, the system will pause the advancement of the ball-distributing pusher 200 and activate an error correction mechanism to prevent subsequent actions from being performed without a ball. This detection mechanism, linked to the actuator, ensures that only a single ball is allowed to enter the installation process at a time, avoiding issues of multiple balls or no ball.

[0099] See Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, an extension channel 131 is provided at the top of the second ball-falling channel 130. The extension channel 131 is coaxially arranged with the second ball-falling channel 130. A material sensor for detecting whether there is a ball in the second ball-falling channel 130 is provided at the top of the extension channel 131. A bidirectional air hole 140 is connected to the side of the extension channel 131. The bidirectional air source draws air to keep a single ball in the second ball-falling channel 130. The bidirectional air source is closed or blown, or blown first and then drawn, to allow the single ball to be discharged from the second ball-falling channel 130. In one embodiment, the second ball-falling channel 130 is arranged vertically.

[0100] The extended channel 131 is a tubular structure extending coaxially with the second ball-falling channel 130. Its diameter can be the same as or slightly larger than the diameter of the ball. It can be made of metal or engineering plastic and is used to expand the detection area and guide the ball's movement path. The material sensor is a sensing device capable of detecting the ball's presence. It can be a photoelectric sensor or a capacitive sensor, positioned at the top of the extended channel 131 to monitor in real time whether the ball enters the second ball-falling channel 130. The bidirectional air hole 140 is a through-hole connected to a bidirectional air source. It can be a channel with a diameter smaller than the ball or a perforated structure covered with a breathable mesh. Switching between suction and blowing controls the ball's retention or descent within the channel. The bidirectional air source is a pneumatic device capable of switching between positive and negative pressure. It can be an air pump controlled by a solenoid valve, achieving active control of the ball's state through pressure changes. The second ball drop channel 130 is set vertically, meaning that the channel axis is parallel to the direction of gravity. This can be achieved by adjusting the channel installation angle or designing a vertical guide structure to reduce the contact area between the ball and the channel wall.

[0101] Specifically, after the ball is pushed from the ball passage 120 into the second ball drop channel 130, it falls vertically into the extended channel 131 area. The material sensor detects in real time whether the ball has reached the predetermined position. If the ball is detected, the bidirectional air source activates the suction mode, creating a negative pressure suction force at the bidirectional air holes 140, keeping the ball within the channel to prevent accidental drop. When the ball needs to be released, the air source switches to off or blowing mode, releasing the suction state, and the ball falls under gravity or accelerated airflow to complete the installation. The coaxial design of the extended channel 131 and the second ball drop channel 130 ensures that the ball's movement path coincides with the sensor detection area, avoiding detection failure due to positional misalignment. The vertical channel structure reduces contact friction between the ball and the sidewalls, while pneumatic control and sensor feedback form a closed loop, precisely controlling the timing of single-ball release.

[0102] Compared to existing technologies, current gravity installation equipment relies on channel gaps to limit the descent of a single ball, but it cannot detect the ball's status in real time and is easily affected by frictional resistance, nor can it effectively accelerate the ball's descent speed. Because the descent speed of a 0.6mm diameter ball within the channel is limited by various factors, installation time is prolonged, affecting installation efficiency. This solution, by adding an extended channel 131 and sensors, combined with a pneumatic control mechanism, achieves active adjustment of ball retention and release within the vertical channel. This eliminates the risks of multiple balls or no balls, and improves descent efficiency by reducing the contact area and using active control. In existing technologies, air vents are only used for unidirectional airflow control, while this solution, through the synergy of a bidirectional air source and sensors, forms a dynamic response mechanism, solving the problems of disconnect between detection and control and low efficiency in traditional gravity installation.

[0103] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves real-time detection of the presence status of the balls within the second ball-dropping channel 130, and precisely holds or releases a single ball through pneumatic control, avoiding installation failures caused by multiple balls or no balls. The vertical channel structure reduces contact friction between the ball and the channel wall, increasing the falling speed of small-diameter balls. At the same time, the cooperation between the air vents and sensors eliminates the risk of jamming caused by airflow disturbances, dust accumulation, or oil contamination, ensuring the reliability and efficiency of single-ball installation.

[0104] See Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, a bidirectional air hole 140 communicating with the second ball drop channel 130 is provided on the main body block 100 away from the connection between the ball passage 120 and the second ball drop channel 130 and located below the connection. The bidirectional air source blows air to keep a single ball in the second ball drop channel 130, and the bidirectional air source is closed or drawn to allow the single ball to be discharged from the second ball drop channel 130. The connection between the bidirectional air hole 140 and the second ball drop channel 130 forms a connecting hole 141. In one embodiment, the diameter of the connecting hole 141 is smaller than the diameter of the ball, or a breathable mesh is fixedly provided at the connecting hole 141.

[0105] The bidirectional vent 140 refers to an airflow channel connected to the air source, which can be implemented using a channel with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm. Its function is to control the movement of the ball within the channel by switching the airflow direction. The diameter of the connecting hole 141 is smaller than the diameter of the ball, meaning that the hole diameter is limited to 50-80% of the ball diameter. For example, if the ball diameter is 0.6 mm, the diameter of the connecting hole 141 is set to 0.4 mm. Its function is to prevent the ball from entering the vent through physical size limitations. The permeable mesh refers to a porous structure made of metal or polymer materials, specifically a sintered filter with a pore size of 20-50 μm. Its function is to allow airflow while preventing the ball from contacting the inner wall of the vent. When the bidirectional vent 140 is located in the area between the middle of the second ball-falling channel 130 and the connection point between the ball-passing channel 120 and the second ball-falling channel 130, the diameter of the connecting hole 141 is smaller than the diameter of the ball, or a permeable mesh is fixedly installed at the connecting hole 141.

[0106] In one embodiment, the diameter of the connecting hole 141 can be set to be larger than or equal to the diameter of the ball. In this embodiment, the bidirectional air hole 140 is located near the outlet of the second ball drop channel 130, specifically in the area between the middle of the second ball drop channel 130 and the outlet of the second ball drop channel 130. When the ball falls from above the second ball drop channel 130 to the position of the bidirectional air hole 140, the ball already has a certain speed. When the bidirectional air hole 140 is drawing air in, it is difficult to attract the fast-passing ball to the position of the connecting hole 141.

[0107] When the ball falls below the connecting hole 141, the intake of air through the bidirectional vent 140 causes the ball to decelerate. However, because the bidirectional vent 140 is located close to the outlet of the second ball drop channel 130, i.e., the distance below the connecting hole 141 is small, the impact of the intake of air through the bidirectional vent 140 on the ball's falling speed is also small, and the impact on the ball's falling time is relatively small, still ensuring the requirement for rapid installation. From another perspective, since the ball's speed is reduced due to the intake of air through the bidirectional vent 140 near the outlet, the impact force during ball installation can be reduced, ensuring installation quality. It can be understood that by controlling the setting position of the bidirectional vent 140, the balance between the ball's falling time and impact speed can be effectively controlled, and adjustments can be made according to specific needs. Setting the bidirectional vent 140 in the middle or lower part of the second ball drop channel 130 can accelerate the ball's fall using unidirectional intake, shortening the descent time, and decelerate the ball after it passes through the connecting hole 141, reducing the final velocity and thus reducing the impact during installation. This solves the technical contradiction in existing technologies where the impact force is large when the sphere is installed at high speed, and the installation speed is slow when the impact force of the sphere is small.

[0108] Specifically, when the air source blows air into the bidirectional air vent 140, the airflow creates a positive pressure environment within the second ball-falling channel 130. The resulting air cushion effect counteracts the ball's own weight, suspending it in a predetermined position. When the ball needs to be released, the air source switches to a closed state or an intake mode, the air cushion support disappears, and the ball falls along the second ball-falling channel 130 under the influence of gravity. The diameter of the connecting hole 141 is set to be smaller than the diameter of the ball, or a breathable mesh structure is used, preventing the ball from entering the internal channel of the air vent, thus avoiding the ball getting stuck at the air vent entrance. This structure, through the dual effects of airflow control and physical limitation, achieves both dynamic holding and release of the ball, and prevents foreign objects from entering the air path system.

[0109] Through the above technical solution, the stopping position of the ball within the second ball-dropping channel 130 is precisely controlled, preventing the ball from falling off prematurely or becoming stuck during installation. The switching of the air source working mode and the cooperation of the physical limiting structure 150 enable the reliable holding and precise release of microspheres with a diameter of less than 1mm, improving the success rate and consistency of microsphere installation.

[0110] In one embodiment of the present invention, a positioning needle 180 is provided at the bottom of the second ball drop channel 130. The inner hole of the positioning needle 180 is connected to the second ball drop channel 130 and allows the ball to pass through. The positioning needle 180 is connected to the main body block 100 through the mounting plate 170.

[0111] The alignment needle 180 is a guide component located at the bottom of the second ball drop channel 130. It can be made of high-precision metal tubing, with an inner diameter matching the ball's size to ensure smooth passage and precise guidance. The mounting plate 170 is a connecting component used to fix the alignment needle 180. It can be connected to the main body block 100 via screws or clips, enabling detachable maintenance. The connection between the inner hole and the second ball drop channel 130 ensures that the axis of the alignment needle 180 is coaxial with the channel axis, preventing deviation of the ball's movement path.

[0112] Specifically, when the ball falls from the second ball-falling channel 130, it is guided and constrained by the inner hole of the alignment needle 180. The inner hole diameter is slightly larger than the ball diameter, but the gap is controlled within the range of 0.02-0.05 mm on one side, ensuring that the ball can pass freely while limiting its lateral deviation. The rigid connection between the mounting plate 170 and the main body block 100 keeps the alignment needle 180 in a stable position under vibration, preventing loss of guiding accuracy due to mechanical impact. When dust accumulates inside the channel due to long-term use, the mounting plate 170 and the alignment needle 180 can be disassembled separately for cleaning and maintenance without disassembling the internal structure of the main body block 100.

[0113] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the second ball-falling channel 130 is larger than the diameter of the alignment needle 180; a bevel 171 is provided at the connection between the second ball-falling channel 130 and the alignment needle 180 for guidance. In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the alignment needle 180 can be set to 0.65 mm, the diameter of the ball is 0.6 mm, and the inner diameter of the second ball-falling channel 130 can be set to 1 mm, thereby increasing the gap between the ball and the second ball-falling channel 130, reducing the speed loss caused by negative pressure and friction when the ball falls, and further ensuring the alignment accuracy of the final installation through the alignment needle 180. The bevel 171 can quickly guide the ball into the alignment needle 180 for installation; due to the increase in the inner diameter of the second ball-falling channel 130, the ball's descent is significantly reduced by the negative pressure, and the ball tends to undergo free fall motion.

[0114] When the bidirectional air vent 140 is located at the top of the second ball drop channel 130, that is, connected to the extension channel 131, the bidirectional air source can maintain the position of a single ball when it draws in air. When the air source is turned off, the single ball can fall freely, or it can be accelerated by blowing air, or it can be accelerated in front and decelerated in the rear by blowing air in front and drawing air in the rear. This not only shortens the descent time but also reduces the impact force during installation.

[0115] When the bidirectional air vent 140 is located away from the connection between the ball passage 120 and the second ball drop channel 130 and below the connection, the bidirectional air source can maintain the position of a single ball. When the air source is turned off, the single ball can fall freely or be accelerated by inhalation. After the ball passes through the connecting hole 141, the ball is decelerated to reduce the final velocity and reduce the impact during installation.

[0116] In one embodiment of the present invention, the main body block 100 is connected to the base plate 400; a propulsion cylinder 300 is fixedly provided on the base plate 400; the piston head 310 of the propulsion cylinder 300 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 320; and the ball-splitting rod 200 is connected to the connecting block 320.

[0117] The connection between the main body block 100 and the base plate 400 refers to a rigid connection forming an integral support structure, which can be achieved through bolt fixing or welding. Its function is to provide a stable mounting reference surface for the drive mechanism of the ball-mounted push rod 200. The fixing of the propulsion cylinder 300 to the base plate 400 means that the pneumatic actuator is directly mounted on the rigid base, which can be achieved through flange mounting or bolt fastening. Its function is to eliminate vibration interference caused by cantilever mounting. The fixed connection between the piston head 310 and the connecting block 320 refers to a gapless rigid connection structure, which can be achieved through threaded engagement or pin positioning. Its function is to ensure the linearity and synchronicity of power transmission. The connection between the ball-mounted push rod 200 and the connecting block 320 means that the end of the push rod forms a coaxial connection with the drive component, which can be achieved through snap-fit ​​fixing or welding. Its function is to maintain the complete coaxiality of the push rod's movement trajectory with the cylinder push rod.

[0118] Specifically, the propulsion cylinder 300 drives the connecting block 320 to move linearly via the piston head 310. The connecting block 320 then drives the ball-splitting ejector rod 200 to perform a ball-splitting action within the ball passage 120. The rigid connection between the main body block 100 and the base plate 400 forms an integral frame, suppressing the mechanical vibration generated during the movement of the ball-splitting ejector rod 200. The design of the propulsion cylinder 300 being directly fixed to the base plate 400 avoids the influence of cylinder vibration on the positional accuracy of the ejector rod under traditional cantilever mounting methods. The rigid fixation of the piston head 310 and the connecting block 320 eliminates the elastic deformation generated by the flexible connector during high-speed reciprocating motion, ensuring that the stroke of the ball-splitting ejector rod 200 strictly corresponds to the displacement of the cylinder push rod. The coaxial connection structure between the ball-splitting ejector rod 200 and the connecting block 320 ensures that the movement trajectory of the ejector pin 220 within the ball passage 120 always coincides with the channel axis, avoiding frictional wear between the ejector pin 220 and the inner wall of the channel due to assembly errors.

[0119] This application further proposes a ball loading machine with a single ball mounting structure, and also includes a support frame 800. The support frame 800 is connected to the single ball mounting mechanism through a three-axis motion mechanism 700. The three-axis motion mechanism 700 is connected to a connecting seat 600. The connecting seat 600 is connected to a base plate 400 through a fine-tuning seat 500. The base plate 400 is connected to the main block 100.

[0120] The three-axis motion mechanism 700 refers to a mechanical transmission device capable of linear movement in three-dimensional space. Specifically, it can be implemented using a combination of lead screws and guide rails or a linear motor drive structure, used to control the movement range of the single-ball mounting mechanism in the X, Y, and Z axes. The fine-tuning seat 500 refers to a connecting component with precision adjustment functions. Specifically, it can be implemented using crossed roller guides, threaded fine-tuning structures, or elastic deformation compensation structures. It can be manually displaced using a high-precision micrometer for millimeter-level or sub-millimeter-level displacement correction of the mounting angle after coarse positioning. This is a common technique in this field and will not be elaborated upon here. The rigid connection between the base plate 400 and the main body block 100 refers to a gapless assembly structure formed by bolt fixing or welding. Specifically, it can be implemented using a positioning pin and fastener assembly method, used to ensure the relative positional accuracy of the ball-distributing top rod 200 and the ball-dropping channel.

[0121] Specifically, the support frame 800 drives the single-ball mounting mechanism to the target mounting position via a three-axis motion mechanism 700. The modular design of the three-axis motion mechanism 700 and the connecting seat 600 limits the motion transmission path within a preset range, avoiding mechanical interference caused by multi-axis superimposed motion. The connecting seat 600 and the fine-tuning seat 500 achieve fine adjustment of the mounting angle through threaded adjustment or elastic compensation structure. For example, after coarse positioning, the relative tilt angle between the connecting seat 600 and the base plate 400 can be changed by rotating the fine-tuning bolt, thereby correcting the alignment deviation between the ball outlet channel and the workpiece mounting hole. The rigid connection between the base plate 400 and the main block 100 ensures that the ball pushing action of the ball-splitting rod 200 and the opening and closing control of the bidirectional air hole 140 are synchronized, preventing the ball from getting stuck or falling off due to vibration.

[0122] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A single-sphere mounting structure, characterized in that: The system includes a main block (100); the main block (100) is provided with at least one ball loading chamber (110); the ball loading chamber (110) is used to hold a number of balls; the bottom of the ball loading chamber (110) is provided with a first ball dropping channel (111); the end of the first ball dropping channel (111) away from the ball loading chamber (110) is connected to a ball passing channel (120); the ball passing channel (120) is also connected to a second ball dropping channel (130); a ball splitting rod (200) is provided in the ball passing channel (120) for pushing a single ball from the ball passing channel (120) into the second ball dropping channel (130); the second ball dropping channel (130) is connected to a bidirectional air hole (140); the bidirectional air hole (140) is connected to a bidirectional air source so that a single ball placed in the second ball dropping channel (130) is held or discharged from the second ball dropping channel (130) for installation.

2. The single-sphere mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball loading chamber (110) has a ball loading chamber cover (112) at the top opening; the ball loading chamber (110) is funnel-shaped to introduce the ball into the first ball dropping channel (111); the ball passing channel (120) is set at an angle to the first ball dropping channel (111).

3. The single-sphere mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball loading chamber (110) is connected to the ball blowing air hole (113) on the side near the first ball dropping channel (111), thereby using the airflow introduced through the ball blowing air hole (113) to avoid material piling.

4. The single-sphere mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball-splitting push rod (200) is connected to the propulsion cylinder (300) at one end away from the ball passage (120); the ball-splitting push rod (200) includes a main body (210) and a push pin (220); the push pin (220) is disposed within the ball passage (120); the end of the ball passage (120) away from the second ball drop channel (130) is also connected to a main body receiving channel (121) for receiving the main body (210); the diameter of the main body receiving channel (121) is larger than that of the ball passage (120). The diameter of the main body (210) is larger than the diameter of the ejector pin (220); a stop wall (122) is formed at the junction of the main body receiving channel (121) and the ball passage channel (120); when the stop wall (122) abuts against the main body (210), the ejector pin (220) pushes a single ball into the second ball drop channel (130); the ball passage channel (120) and the second ball drop channel (130) are set at an angle so that the ball cannot actively enter the second ball drop channel (130).

5. A single-sphere mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting structure (150) is provided at the connection between the ball passage (120) and the second ball drop channel (130) to maintain the position of a single ball entering the second ball drop channel (130) under the action of the bidirectional air source; the main block (100) is also provided with a material sensor (160) for detecting whether there is a ball in the second ball drop channel (130).

6. A single-sphere mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the second ball-falling channel (130) is provided with an extension channel (131); the extension channel (131) is coaxially arranged with the second ball-falling channel (130); the top of the extension channel (131) is provided with a material sensor for detecting whether there is a ball in the second ball-falling channel (130); the side of the extension channel (131) is connected to a bidirectional air hole (140); the bidirectional air source draws air to keep the single ball in the second ball-falling channel (130); the bidirectional air source is closed or blows air or blows air first and then draws air to allow the single ball to be discharged from the second ball-falling channel (130).

7. A single-sphere mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main block (100) has a bidirectional air hole (140) connected to the second ball drop channel (130) at the connection point of the ball passage channel (120) and below the connection point; the bidirectional air source blows air to keep the single ball in the second ball drop channel (130); the bidirectional air source closes or draws air to allow the single ball to be discharged from the second ball drop channel (130); the bidirectional air hole (140) and the second ball drop channel (130) are connected to form a connecting hole (141).

8. A single-sphere mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the second ball drop channel (130) is provided with a positioning needle (180); the inner hole of the positioning needle (180) is connected to the second ball drop channel (130) and allows the ball to pass through; the positioning needle (180) is connected to the main body block (100) through the mounting plate (170); the diameter of the second ball drop channel (130) is larger than the diameter of the positioning needle (180); the connection between the second ball drop channel (130) and the positioning needle (180) is provided with a bevel (171) for guidance.

9. A single-sphere mounting structure according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The main body block (100) is connected to the base plate (400); a propulsion cylinder (300) is fixedly installed on the base plate (400); the piston head (310) of the propulsion cylinder (300) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (320); the ball-splitting rod (200) is connected to the connecting block (320).

10. A ball loading machine, characterized in that: The device includes a single-ball mounting structure as described in any one of claims 1-9; it also includes a support frame (800); the support frame (800) is connected to the single-ball mounting mechanism via a three-axis motion mechanism (700); the three-axis motion mechanism (700) is connected to a connecting seat (600); the connecting seat (600) is connected to a base plate (400) via a fine-tuning seat (500); and the base plate (400) is connected to a main block (100).

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