Moisture-absorbing deformation fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile fabrics, and discloses a moisture-absorbing deformation fabric and a preparation method thereof.By combining the design of a double-layer structure of a base layer and a moisture-absorbing expansion layer, the moisture-absorbing expansion layer is made of a polyurethane material and can expand and protrude to form a concave-convex structure after encountering sweat, the direct contact area of the fabric and the skin is reduced, the sweat is prevented from adhering to the skin, and the moisture-absorbing deformation fabric is comfortable to wear. The dry and comfortable touch feeling is kept; meanwhile, deformation of the moisture absorption expansion layer can pull the yarns of the base layer, increase gaps among the yarns and improve the air permeability of the fabric, for example, when the moisture content of the long hexagonal printed fabric is 45%, the air permeability is obviously higher than that of the non-printed fabric with the same moisture content, damp and hot air in the clothes can be quickly released, and the cold effect caused by cold air is relieved; a simpler and more convenient and controllable preparation process is adopted, 30D + 75D regenerated polyester yarns are woven on the substrate layer through a 28-needle weft knitting jacquard knitting machine, and the process is mature and easy to operate; the moisture absorption expansion layer is attached to the surface of the substrate layer through a positioning printing technology, and a complex two-component fiber spinning link is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of textile fabric technology, specifically a moisture-absorbing and deformable fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Advanced runners who love running usually choose to "train for intensity in summer and for basic training in winter" because winter is the golden period to increase aerobic running volume. The most important thing to solve in winter training is the problem of dampness and cold. After running and sweating, the clothes close to the body will be wet with sweat. Due to the low temperature, the sweat evaporates slowly and remains on the skin. When a cold wind blows, the wind chill effect will be very obvious.

[0003] Currently, some fabric technologies on the market can adjust breathability according to humidity. Typical examples are Teijin's "MRT fiber" and Mitsubishi's "Ventcool" dynamic fiber. Among them, Teijin's "MRT fiber" adopts a two-component fiber structure of polyester and polyamide. Its core principle is to utilize the difference in shrinkage rate between the two components of the fiber: in the hygroscopic state, the two components of yarn expand and stretch to different degrees, causing the yarn to bend and deform, thereby increasing the gap between the yarns, improving the breathability of the fabric, and realizing the release of humid and hot air inside the garment; in the dry state, the yarn shrinks, reducing the breathability, thus adapting to the thermal and humid comfort needs during exercise.

[0004] However, this technology has obvious limitations: on the one hand, the production process of bicomponent fibers is cumbersome and complex, requiring extremely high standards for production equipment and process control; on the other hand, the complex process directly leads to high production costs for yarn and subsequent fabrics, making it difficult to achieve large-scale, cost-effective industrial application and failing to fully meet the needs of advanced runners for "high-performance + cost-effective" winter training fabrics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a moisture-wicking and deformable fabric and its preparation method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a moisture-wicking and deformable fabric, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1. Raw material preparation: The base layer is made of 30D+75D environmentally friendly recycled polyester yarn, the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer is mainly made of diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyether polyurethane (or bio-based waterborne polyurethane), with at least one auxiliary agent added, and the auxiliary materials are printing solvent and cleaning agent. S2. Base layer weaving: After the raw materials are prepared, the base layer is woven using a 28-needle weft knitting jacquard machine. 30D+75D recycled polyester yarn is used as the raw material. The speed and tension are controlled to ensure that the stretch recovery rate is ≥85% and the mesh size is 0.1-0.3mm to obtain the greige fabric. S3. Base layer pretreatment: In order to improve the adhesion of the moisture-absorbing and expansion layer, the fabric is cleaned, dried and shaped: remove impurities with neutral detergent, dry at 60-80℃ to the moisture content ≤5%, and shape at 100-120℃. The fabric meets the standards after pretreatment. S4. Preparation of hygroscopic expansion layer paste: Prepare the paste according to the following proportions: the main agent accounts for 60-70%, add 5-10% crosslinking curing agent and other auxiliary agents, and make up the difference with deionized water. Stir at 300-500r / min for 20-30 minutes until the viscosity is 1000-1500mPa・s. After the paste is prepared, it can be used to form a hygroscopic expansion layer through positioning printing. S5. Positioning printing: Using a rotary screen or flat screen printing machine, with honeycomb as the base, the hexagonal outer ring is printed with ink to form a solid part, and the inside is hollow. Control the printing pressure to 0.2-0.3MPa, the squeegee angle to 45-60°, and the coating thickness to 0.05-0.1mm. S6. Curing treatment: After printing, use a continuous hot air oven for curing in two stages: pre-curing at 80-90℃ for 15-20 minutes, and fully curing at 120-130℃ for 30-40 minutes. Cool to 25-30℃ to prevent fabric thermal shrinkage. After curing, the fabric structure is stable. S7. Finishing and Quality Inspection: Trim the fuzz with a brushing machine, soak in 0.5-1% softener for 5-10 minutes, and then conduct moisture absorption deformation test, air permeability test and wash fastness test on the fabric. After passing the test, cut the fabric.

[0007] Preferably, the specific steps for raw material preparation in step S1 are as follows: S11. Selection of core raw materials: The base layer yarn is made of 30D+75D environmentally friendly recycled polyester yarn, which not only meets environmental protection requirements, but also provides excellent tensile properties and is suitable for the deformation requirements of sports scenarios; the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer is mainly made of diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyether polyurethane, and bio-based waterborne polyurethane can also be selected. At the same time, it needs to be combined with at least one auxiliary agent such as crosslinking curing agent and antioxidant to ensure moisture absorption and expansion effect and long-term durability. The choice of 30D+75D environmentally friendly recycled polyester yarn as the base layer material is not only due to its tensile properties suitable for sports scenarios, but also because the linear density and twist of this yarn specification can form a uniform 0.1-0.3mm mesh structure after weaving. This provides sufficient space for the deformation of the subsequent moisture-absorbing and expanding layer, avoiding mesh blockage caused by excessively thick yarn or insufficient fabric support due to excessively thin yarn. The moisture-absorbing and expanding layer uses polyurethane materials because of the hydrophilic groups contained in its molecular structure. It can quickly absorb moisture and generate physical expansion after contact with sweat. Moreover, this type of material has good compatibility with the base layer polyester yarn and can form a stable bond through subsequent curing processes. This is not a random choice of raw materials by those skilled in the art.

[0008] S12. Preparation of auxiliary materials: Prepare solvents required for the printing process, such as deionized water, as well as cleaning reagents to ensure the cleanliness of raw materials during subsequent base layer weaving and the compatibility of solvents during sizing preparation. Auxiliary materials together with core raw materials constitute a complete raw material system.

[0009] Preferably, the specific steps of the base layer weaving in step S2 are as follows: S21. Weaving Equipment and Raw Material Application: After the raw material preparation is completed, the base layer weaving stage is entered. A 28-needle weft jacquard knitting machine is used with the previously prepared 30D+75D recycled polyester yarn as the core raw material to realize the fabric structure design. This is a key operation to ensure the basic performance of the fabric. S22. Weaving parameter control: During the weaving process, parameters must be strictly controlled: on the one hand, ensure that the tensile resilience rate is ≥85% to meet the dynamic deformation requirements of movement; on the other hand, weave a 0.1-0.3mm uniform breathable mesh to lay the foundation for humidity regulation and breathability. After weaving, a preliminary base layer fabric is obtained, but the surface of the fabric has residual impurities and insufficient dimensional stability, so the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer cannot be directly attached.

[0010] The combination of parameters controlling the tensile resilience rate to ≥85% and the mesh size to 0.1-0.3mm has a clear functional synergy logic: the high tensile resilience rate ensures that when the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer bulges, the base layer can deform accordingly and is not prone to permanent deformation, avoiding damage to the fabric due to repeated deformation; while the 0.1-0.3mm mesh size can ensure basic breathability in the dry state, and can also appropriately enlarge the mesh size after the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer pulls the yarn to improve wet breathability. This parameter combination is designed based on the synergistic needs of 'deformation-breathability', rather than a simple addition of parameters.

[0011] Preferably, the specific steps of the substrate pretreatment in step S3 are as follows: S31. Cleaning and Drying Operations: The base layer fabric needs to be cleaned and dried to improve adhesion. During the cleaning stage, soak the fabric in a 1-2% neutral detergent solution at room temperature for 10-15 minutes to thoroughly remove residual oil and wax from the weaving process. During the drying stage, place the cleaned fabric in a hot air dryer and dry it at 60-80℃ for 30-40 minutes to ensure that the moisture content is ≤5% to avoid impurities and moisture interfering with subsequent paste preparation and printing processes. S32. Shaping treatment: After cleaning and drying, shaping treatment is required. The fabric is shaped for 20-30 seconds at 100-120℃ using a low-temperature shaping machine to effectively prevent subsequent shrinkage of the fabric and ensure dimensional stability. The performance of the pre-treated base layer fabric fully meets the standards, and the conditions for attaching the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer are met.

[0012] Preferably, the specific steps for preparing the moisture-absorbing expansion layer slurry in step S4 are as follows: S41. Control of printing paste composition ratio: Prepare printing paste according to the ratio. First, add the main agent, diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyether polyurethane (or bio-based waterborne polyurethane), which accounts for 60-70% of the total mass of the paste to ensure the core function of moisture absorption and expansion. Then add 5-10% crosslinking curing agent, 1-2% antioxidant and other additives. The remaining part is made up with deionized water to optimize the curing effect and durability of the paste. The requirement that the main agent account for 60-70% is to ensure that the paste has sufficient moisture absorption and expansion capacity. If the main agent accounts for too low a proportion, the expansion will be insufficient and unable to form an effective 3D protrusion. The combination of 5-10% crosslinking curing agent and 1-2% antioxidant and stabilizer is not randomly set. The crosslinking curing agent can enhance the bonding force between polyurethane molecules and prevent the expansion layer from falling off during repeated moisture absorption and drying. The antioxidant and stabilizer can delay the performance degradation of the paste during storage and use. The three together ensure the stability of the paste in subsequent printing, curing and long-term use, reflecting the systematic optimization of the paste function.

[0013] S42. Stirring: After the paste components are mixed, they need to be stirred at a speed of 300-500 r / min for 20-30 minutes to ensure that the paste is uniform and free of particles; at the same time, the viscosity should be controlled at 1000-1500 mPa・s to meet the requirements of subsequent printing processes.

[0014] The mixing speed of 300-500 r / min and the mixing time of 20-30 minutes affect the printing quality. The core purpose is to ensure that the main agent and auxiliary agent are fully mixed without damaging the polyurethane molecular structure. Too low a speed will result in uneven mixing of components and defects such as no expansion effect in some areas. Too high a speed may break the polyurethane molecular chains and reduce the expansion performance. The viscosity control of 1000-1500 mPa·s is to adapt to the positioning printing process. Too high a viscosity will cause the paste to not pass through the printing mesh smoothly. Too low a viscosity will cause the paste to penetrate the base layer and affect the skin feel of the fabric. The matching of the mixing parameters and viscosity requirements is based on the dual consideration of process adaptability and paste performance.

[0015] Preferably, the specific steps for positioning and printing in step S5 are as follows: S51. Printing Equipment and Pattern Design: After the paste is prepared, a moisture-absorbing and expanding layer is formed by positioning printing. Rotary or flatbed printing machines are selected. The pattern is based on a honeycomb pattern, which can be flat and adhere to the skin when dry. The paste is printed at the dotted connection points of the hexagonal honeycomb to form a "solid part" to trigger moisture absorption and deformation. The unprinted area inside is the "hollowed-out part" to retain the air-permeable channel, taking into account both deformation and breathability. The choice of honeycomb as the base pattern for printing is based on the mechanical properties and functional requirements of hexagonal structures: hexagons can evenly distribute stress when subjected to force, which can prevent fabric damage caused by local stress concentration when the moisture-absorbing and swelling layer bulges; at the same time, the hexagonal honeycomb units can form a regular alternating 'solid-hollow' structure. The solid part (polyurethane paste) is responsible for moisture absorption and expansion to reduce the skin-contact area, while the hollow part retains breathable channels. The two work together to achieve dynamic adjustment of 'dry adhesion-wet breathability'. This pattern design is not a conventional decorative choice, but a deep integration of function and structure.

[0016] S52. Printing parameter control: The printing process requires strict control of parameters: maintain a printing pressure of 0.2-0.3MPa and a squeegee angle of 45-60° to ensure that the paste evenly covers the designated area; control the coating thickness at 0.05-0.1mm to avoid excessive thickness or thinness affecting the deformation effect. After printing, the moisture-absorbing expansion layer is not yet firmly bonded to the base layer.

[0017] Preferably, the specific steps of the curing process in step S6 are as follows: S61. Segmented Curing Operation: After positioning printing, segmented curing is required to improve interlayer adhesion. A continuous hot air curing oven is used. The first segment is pre-cured at 80-90℃ for 15-20 minutes to initially fix the paste to the base layer and prevent paste flow and pattern deformation. The second segment is fully cured at 120-130℃ for 30-40 minutes to allow the polyurethane paste to fully cross-link and form a stable chemical bond with the base layer, while also improving wash fastness. The segmented curing method of 'pre-curing + full curing' has a clear technical logic: the pre-curing stage (80-90℃) allows the solvent in the slurry to evaporate slowly, preventing bubbles from forming due to rapid solvent evaporation during the subsequent full curing, which would cause pores in the expansion layer; the full curing stage (120-130℃) promotes the full reaction of polyurethane molecules and crosslinking curing agents to form a stable crosslinking network, enhancing the bonding strength between the expansion layer and the substrate layer; if a single temperature curing is used, problems such as 'solvent residue leading to poor bonding' or 'direct high-temperature curing leading to coating cracking' are likely to occur. This segmented curing process is a refined optimization of the curing process.

[0018] S62. Cooling treatment: After curing, cooling treatment is required. The fabric is sent into the cooling channel and naturally cooled to 25-30℃ to prevent excessive temperature difference from causing thermal shrinkage of the fabric and damaging the honeycomb structure and dimensional stability. After cooling, the fabric structure is stable, and the function and shape of the moisture-absorbing expansion layer have been initially fixed.

[0019] Preferably, the specific steps of post-processing and quality inspection in step S7 are as follows: S71. Post-processing: After curing, the fabric needs to be post-processed to improve the user experience. The first step is to use a brushing machine to lightly trim the surface hairs to reduce the impact of hairs on breathability and skin feel, making the fabric surface smoother. The second step is to soak the fabric in 0.5-1% concentration of softener at room temperature for 5-10 minutes to further improve skin comfort and meet the needs of close-fitting sportswear. S72. Core performance testing and finished product molding: After finishing, core performance testing must be carried out: moisture absorption deformation test to verify the reduction rate of 3D protrusion and contact area; air permeability test to ensure dry state ≥190mm / s and wet state ≥230mm / s; wash fastness test to verify the effect retention rate ≥90% after 20 washes; after all tests are qualified, the fabric is trimmed at the edges to remove irregular corners.

[0020] The present invention also proposes a moisture-absorbing and deformable fabric, which is prepared by the above method.

[0021] The steps of 'base layer weaving - moisture-absorbing expansion layer preparation - setting and curing' in this invention are not isolated processes, but rather form a synergistic overall solution: the high tensile resilience and mesh structure of the base layer provide space and support for the deformation of the moisture-absorbing expansion layer; the positioning printing process precisely controls the distribution of the expansion layer, ensuring that expansion occurs only in the solid outer ring of the honeycomb structure, avoiding overall expansion that could cause fabric deformation; the segmented curing process ensures a stable bond between the expansion layer and the base layer, guaranteeing that the function does not diminish after repeated moisture absorption and drying. The parameters and structural design of each step support each other, jointly achieving the core functions of 'preventing stickiness after moisture absorption + breathability adjustment'. This overall synergistic effect is a breakthrough in existing technical approaches and cannot be easily achieved by those skilled in the art through conventional process combinations.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention combines a dual-layer structure design of "base layer + moisture-absorbing and expanding layer". The moisture-absorbing and expanding layer is made of polyurethane material (or bio-based waterborne polyurethane). When it comes into contact with sweat, it expands and bulges to form an uneven structure, reducing the direct contact area between the fabric and the skin, preventing sweat from sticking to the skin, and keeping the skin dry. At the same time, the deformation of the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer will pull the yarn of the base layer, increase the gap between the yarns, and improve the breathability of the fabric. For example, the breathability of the long hexagonal printed fabric at a moisture content of 45% is significantly higher than that of the unprinted fabric at the same moisture content. It can quickly release the humid and hot air inside the garment and alleviate the wind chill effect brought by cold wind.

[0023] 2. This invention employs a simpler and more controllable preparation process. The base layer is woven with 30D+75D recycled polyester yarn using a 28-needle weft jacquard knitting machine, a mature and easy-to-operate process. The moisture-absorbing and expanding layer is attached to the surface of the base layer through a positioning printing process, eliminating the need for complex two-component fiber spinning. In terms of raw materials, recycled polyester yarn, polyurethane materials, and crosslinking curing agents are readily available, eliminating the need for special high-priced raw materials. The overall process avoids the complex steps of existing technologies, reducing processing difficulty, making raw material and production costs more controllable, and facilitating large-scale mass production to meet the market's industrialization demand for functional fabrics.

[0024] 3. This invention ensures the durability and skin-friendly comfort of the fabric through both material selection and process design. The moisture-absorbing and expanding layer raw material incorporates cross-linking curing agents and antioxidants, and undergoes segmented curing treatment, ensuring a strong bond between the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer and the base layer. Even after multiple washes, it retains its moisture-absorbing and expanding deformation effect. Simultaneously, the base layer uses recycled polyester yarn, combined with brushing and softener soaking treatments in the finishing process, further enhancing the fabric's skin-friendly comfort. This solves the problem of performance degradation in traditional functional fabrics after washing and avoids the roughness often found in some fabrics, ensuring that the fabric maintains its moisture-absorbing and breathable function while providing a comfortable wearing experience during long-term use, thus extending the product's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for preparing the moisture-absorbing and deformable fabric of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the air permeability test results of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this invention provides a moisture-wicking and deformable fabric and its preparation method. The specific steps of the method are as follows: S1. Raw material preparation: The base layer is made of 30D+75D environmentally friendly recycled polyester yarn, the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer is mainly made of diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyether polyurethane (or bio-based waterborne polyurethane), with at least one auxiliary agent added, and the auxiliary materials are printing solvent and cleaning agent. S2. Base layer weaving: After the raw materials are prepared, the base layer is woven using a 28-needle weft knitting jacquard machine. 30D+75D recycled polyester yarn is used as the raw material. The speed and tension are controlled to ensure that the stretch recovery rate is ≥85% and the mesh size is 0.1-0.3mm to obtain the greige fabric. S3. Base layer pretreatment: In order to improve the adhesion of the moisture-absorbing and expansion layer, the fabric is cleaned, dried and shaped: remove impurities with neutral detergent, dry at 60-80℃ to the moisture content ≤5%, and shape at 100-120℃. The fabric meets the standards after pretreatment. S4. Preparation of hygroscopic expansion layer paste: Prepare the paste according to the following proportions: the main agent accounts for 60-70%, add 5-10% crosslinking curing agent and other auxiliary agents, and make up the difference with deionized water. Stir at 300-500r / min for 20-30 minutes until the viscosity is 1000-1500mPa・s. After the paste is prepared, it can be used to form a hygroscopic expansion layer through positioning printing. S5. Positioning printing: Using a rotary screen or flat screen printing machine, with honeycomb as the base, the hexagonal outer ring is printed with ink to form a solid part, and the inside is hollow. Control the printing pressure to 0.2-0.3MPa, the squeegee angle to 45-60°, and the coating thickness to 0.05-0.1mm. S6. Curing treatment: After printing, use a continuous hot air oven for curing in two stages: pre-curing at 80-90℃ for 15-20 minutes, and fully curing at 120-130℃ for 30-40 minutes. Cool to 25-30℃ to prevent fabric thermal shrinkage. After curing, the fabric structure is stable. S7. Finishing and Quality Inspection: Trim the fuzz with a brushing machine, soak in 0.5-1% softener for 5-10 minutes, and then conduct moisture absorption deformation test, air permeability test and wash fastness test on the fabric. After passing the test, cut the fabric.

[0028] The specific steps for raw material preparation in step S1 are as follows: S11. Selection of core raw materials: The base layer yarn is made of 30D+75D environmentally friendly recycled polyester yarn, which not only meets environmental protection requirements, but also provides excellent tensile properties and is suitable for the deformation requirements of sports scenarios; the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer is mainly made of diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyether polyurethane, and bio-based waterborne polyurethane can also be selected. At the same time, it needs to be combined with at least one auxiliary agent such as crosslinking curing agent and antioxidant to ensure moisture absorption and expansion effect and long-term durability. Among them, the preferred additives are at least one of the following: isocyanate crosslinking curing agents (such as hexamethylene diisocyanate), hindered phenolic antioxidants (such as 1010 antioxidant), organotin stabilizers (such as dibutyltin dilaurate), and stearate lubricants (such as butyl stearate). When the product needs to meet environmental certifications such as GOTS, the moisture-absorbing and swelling layer should preferably be bio-based waterborne polyurethane. If there are no requirements for environmental certification, diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyurethane can be used. Both polyurethane materials must meet the basic index of viscosity ≥500mPa・s at 25℃. The 30D+75D environmentally friendly recycled polyester yarn must meet the following specifications: breaking strength ≥4.5cN / dtex, twist 30-50 twists / 10cm, to ensure that the yarn is not easy to break during weaving and can stably form a base layer structure with high tensile resilience. S12. Preparation of auxiliary materials: Prepare solvents required for the printing process, such as deionized water, and cleaning reagents to ensure the cleanliness of raw materials during subsequent base layer weaving and the compatibility of solvents during sizing preparation. Auxiliary materials together with core raw materials constitute a complete raw material system. The printing solvent is deionized water with a conductivity of ≤10μS / cm, and the cleaning agent is a neutral detergent with a pH of 6-8 (such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate aqueous solution) to ensure that the raw materials are free from impurities during the subsequent base layer weaving and that the solvent and raw materials are compatible when the sizing is prepared.

[0029] The specific steps of the base layer weaving in step S2 are as follows: S21. Weaving Equipment and Raw Material Application: After the raw material preparation is completed, the base layer weaving stage is entered. A 28-needle weft jacquard knitting machine is used with the previously prepared 30D+75D recycled polyester yarn as the core raw material to realize the fabric structure design. This is a key operation to ensure the basic performance of the fabric. During the weaving process, the specific parameters of the weft knitting jacquard machine are set as follows: rotation speed 20-30 rpm, yarn tension 50-80 cN. At the same time, the weaving environment temperature must be maintained at 20-25℃ and relative humidity at 50%-60% to avoid yarn breakage or uneven tension due to temperature and humidity fluctuations, and to ensure a stable weaving process. The 28-needle weft knitting jacquard machine used is a circular weft knitting machine with a cylinder diameter of 30-40 inches. The jacquard mechanism is an electronic jacquard system, which can precisely control the mesh forming pattern and avoid uneven mesh problems caused by differences in equipment types. S22. Weaving parameter control: During the weaving process, parameters must be strictly controlled: on the one hand, ensure that the tensile resilience rate is ≥85% to meet the dynamic deformation requirements of movement; on the other hand, weave a 0.1-0.3mm uniform breathable mesh to lay the foundation for humidity regulation and breathability. After weaving, a preliminary base layer fabric is obtained, but the surface of the fabric has residual impurities and insufficient dimensional stability, so the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer cannot be directly attached. After weaving, the greige fabric needs to be sampled and tested. The testing standards are as follows: three 10cm×10cm samples are randomly selected. The tensile resilience rate is tested according to GB / T3923.1-2013. Each sample is tested three times, and the average value must be ≥85%. The mesh size is observed under a microscope. Ten mesh holes are randomly measured at each sample. The hole diameter must be within the range of 0.1-0.3mm. Unqualified greige fabrics need to be rewoven.

[0030] The specific steps of the basal layer preprocessing in step S3 are as follows: S31. Cleaning and Drying Operations: The base layer fabric needs to be cleaned and dried to improve adhesion. During the cleaning stage, soak the fabric in a 1-2% neutral detergent solution at room temperature for 10-15 minutes to thoroughly remove residual oil and wax from the weaving process. During the drying stage, place the cleaned fabric in a hot air dryer and dry it at 60-80℃ for 30-40 minutes to ensure that the moisture content is ≤5% to avoid impurities and moisture interfering with subsequent paste preparation and printing processes. The cleaning process is as follows: Prepare a 1-2% neutral detergent solution (such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate solution), completely immerse the fabric, and use a shaking cleaning method at room temperature (25-30℃) with a shaking frequency of 50-60 times / minute. After soaking and cleaning for 10-15 minutes, rinse with deionized water 2-3 times until the pH value of the rinsing water is consistent with that of deionized water (pH 6-7). Drying is carried out using a hot air circulating dryer with an air speed of 1.5-2m / s. The moisture content of the fabric is sampled and tested every 30 minutes (testing is based on GB / T21655.2-2019). The hot air circulation frequency of the hot air circulating dryer is 3-5 times / minute to ensure uniform temperature in the drying chamber and avoid excessive moisture content in the fabric. S32. Shaping treatment: After cleaning and drying, shaping treatment is required. The fabric is shaped for 20-30 seconds at 100-120℃ using a low-temperature shaping machine to effectively prevent subsequent shrinkage of the fabric and ensure dimensional stability. The performance of the pre-treated base layer fabric fully meets the standards, and the conditions for attaching the moisture-absorbing and expanding layer are met. The setting process uses a hot air setting machine with a conveyor belt speed of 1-1.5m / min and a setting time of 20-30 seconds. After setting, the dimensional stability of the fabric needs to be tested: three 10cm×10cm samples are randomly selected, and the length and width before and after setting are measured. The width deviation must be ≤±2% to ensure that there is no shrinkage deviation in the fabric size during subsequent printing.

[0031] The specific steps for preparing the moisture-absorbing expansion layer slurry in step S4 are as follows: S41. Control of printing paste composition ratio: Prepare printing paste according to the ratio. First, add the main agent, diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyether polyurethane (or bio-based waterborne polyurethane), which accounts for 60-70% of the total mass of the paste to ensure the core function of moisture absorption and expansion. Then add 5-10% crosslinking curing agent, 1-2% antioxidant and other additives. The remaining part is made up with deionized water to optimize the curing effect and durability of the paste. Additives must be added in a specific order: first add the crosslinking curing agent, stir for 5 minutes, then add the antioxidant, continue stirring for 5 minutes, then add the stabilizer, and finally add deionized water to make up the remaining mass. Each component must be weighed accurately, with the error controlled within ±0.5%. The weighing tool should be an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01g. If diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyurethane is used, its NCO (isocyanate) content should be controlled at 8-12%. If bio-based waterborne polyurethane is used, its solid content should be ≥30%. This ensures that both polyurethane raw materials can fully react with the additives to form a stable slurry system and avoid fluctuations in slurry performance due to unclear raw material indicators. S42. Paste mixing: After the paste components are mixed, they need to be stirred at a speed of 300-500 r / min for 20-30 minutes to ensure that the paste is uniform and free of particles; at the same time, the viscosity should be controlled at 1000-1500 mPa・s to meet the requirements of subsequent printing processes. The mixing process uses a digital display mixer. During the mixing process, the viscosity of the paste is checked every 5 minutes using a rotational viscometer (NDJ-1 type, test temperature 25℃) until the viscosity stabilizes within the range of 1000-1500 mPa・s. After mixing, the paste needs to be filtered with a 100-mesh filter to remove any possible particulate impurities and prevent impurities from clogging the printing mesh and affecting the printing quality.

[0032] The specific steps for positioning and printing in step S5 are as follows: S51. Printing Equipment and Pattern Design: After the paste is prepared, a moisture-absorbing and expanding layer is formed by positioning printing. Rotary or flatbed printing machines are selected. The pattern is based on a honeycomb pattern, which can be flat and adhere to the skin when dry. The paste is printed at the dotted connection points of the hexagonal honeycomb to form a "solid part" to trigger moisture absorption and deformation. The unprinted area inside is the "hollowed-out part" to retain the air-permeable channel, taking into account both deformation and breathability. The specific dimensions of the honeycomb pattern are as follows: the honeycomb unit is a regular hexagon with a side length of 5-8mm, the diameter of the dotted connection on the outer ring of the hexagon is 0.3-0.5mm, the spacing between the dotted connections is 2-3mm, the spacing between the honeycomb units is 1-2mm, and the area of ​​the hollow part should account for 40%-60% of the total area of ​​the fabric to ensure a balance between dry fit and wet breathability. S52. Printing Parameter Control: The printing process requires strict control of parameters: maintain a printing pressure of 0.2-0.3MPa and a squeegee angle of 45-60° to ensure that the paste evenly covers the designated area; control the coating thickness at 0.05-0.1mm to avoid excessive thickness or thinness affecting the deformation effect. After printing, the moisture-absorbing expansion layer is not yet firmly bonded to the base layer. After printing is completed, the coating quality needs to be checked: use a coating thickness gauge (TT260 type) to randomly test 10 coatings, and the thickness must be within the range of 0.05-0.1mm; use an adhesion tester (cross-cut test, according to GB / T9286-1998) to test the coating adhesion, and the adhesion grade must be ≥4B. Unqualified areas need to have the original coating removed and reprinted.

[0033] The specific steps of the curing process in step S6 are as follows: S61. Segmented Curing Operation: After positioning printing, segmented curing is required to improve interlayer adhesion. A continuous hot air curing oven is used. The first segment is pre-cured at 80-90℃ for 15-20 minutes to initially fix the paste to the base layer and prevent paste flow and pattern deformation. The second segment is fully cured at 120-130℃ for 30-40 minutes to allow the polyurethane paste to fully cross-link and form a stable chemical bond with the base layer, while also improving wash fastness. Curing is performed using a continuous hot air curing oven (model: HG-1000). The conveyor belt speed of the curing oven is 0.8-1.2m / min. The temperature of the first pre-curing zone is 80-90℃, and the temperature of the second fully cured zone is 120-130℃. The air velocity inside the curing oven is controlled at 0.5-1m / s to ensure that all areas of the fabric are heated evenly and to avoid local under-curing or over-curing. S62 Cooling treatment: After curing, cooling treatment is required. The fabric is sent into the cooling channel and naturally cooled to 25-30℃ to prevent excessive temperature difference from causing thermal shrinkage of the fabric and damaging the honeycomb structure and dimensional stability. After cooling, the fabric structure is stable and the function and shape of the moisture-absorbing expansion layer have been initially fixed. Cooling is achieved through a cooling channel, which is 5-8m long. The room temperature is controlled at 25-30℃ and the wind speed is 1-1.5m / s. After cooling, the fabric dimensional stability needs to be tested: three 10cm×10cm samples are randomly selected, and the length and width before and after cooling are measured. The dimensional shrinkage rate must be ≤±1% to prevent the fabric from affecting subsequent cutting and use due to heat shrinkage.

[0034] The specific steps for finishing and quality inspection in step S7 are as follows: S71. Post-processing: After curing, the fabric needs to be post-processed to improve the user experience. The first step is to use a brushing machine to lightly trim the surface hairs to reduce the impact of hairs on breathability and skin feel, making the fabric surface smoother. The second step is to soak the fabric in 0.5-1% concentration of softener at room temperature for 5-10 minutes to further improve skin comfort and meet the needs of close-fitting sportswear. The brushing operation uses a brushing machine (model: SM-200) with a speed of 800-1000 r / min. The brush is 2-3 mm away from the fabric surface, and the trimming time is 1-2 minutes per meter to ensure the removal of excess fuzz. The softener treatment uses a 0.5-1% concentration of fatty amide softener, soaked at room temperature (25-30℃) for 5-10 minutes, with slow stirring (50-60 r / min) during soaking to ensure the fabric absorbs the softener evenly. After soaking, drain the water for 5-10 minutes to avoid residual water affecting the test results. S72. Core Performance Testing and Finished Product Molding: After finishing, core performance testing must be carried out: moisture absorption deformation test to verify the reduction rate of 3D protrusions and contact area; air permeability test to ensure dry state ≥190mm / s and wet state ≥230mm / s; wash fastness test to verify the effect retention rate ≥90% after 20 washes; after all tests are qualified, the fabric is trimmed at the edges to remove irregular corners; The specific standards and instruments for each test are as follows: ① Moisture absorption deformation test: At an ambient temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%, after the fabric absorbs 0.5mL of deionized water, the height of the protrusion is measured using a laser rangefinder (GLM-500), and the change in the skin-contact area is measured using a contact area meter (CMS-100); ② Air permeability test: According to GB / T5453-1997, an air permeability tester (YG461E type) is used, with a test pressure of 100Pa; ③ Wash fastness test: According to GB / T3921-2008, a wash fastness tester (SW-12A type) is used, with a washing temperature of 40℃ and a washing time of 30 minutes. After 20 repeated washings, the moisture absorption deformation effect is tested. The original data for all test items must be recorded. Unqualified products must be analyzed for causes and reworked.

[0035] This invention also proposes a moisture-absorbing and deformable fabric, which is prepared by the above method.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of making a hygroscopic deformable fabric, characterized in that: The specific steps of the method are as follows: S1, raw material preparation: the base layer adopts 30D+75D polyester yarn, the moisture absorption and expansion layer adopts diphenyl methane diisocyanate based polyether type polyurethane material matched with auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary material adopts printing solvent and cleaning reagent; S2, base layer weaving: using 30D+75D regenerated polyester yarn as raw material, using 28 needle weft knitting jacquard machine to weave the base layer, so that the tensile resilience is greater than or equal to 85%, and the mesh size is 0.1-0.3mm, so as to obtain the base layer gray cloth; S3, base layer pretreatment: the gray cloth is cleaned, dried and shaped: neutral detergent immersion impurity removal, drying at 60-80℃ to moisture content≤5%, shaping at 100-120℃, so that the performance of the gray cloth meets the standard; S4, preparation of moisture absorption and expansion layer slurry: prepare the slurry according to the proportion: main agent accounts for 60-70%, add 5-10% crosslinking curing agent, 1-2% antioxidant, the rest is deionized water, stir at 300-500r / min for 20-30min to viscosity 1000-1500mPa・s; S5, positioning printing: select one of rotary screen or flat screen printing machine, the pattern is based on honeycomb, the outer ring of hexagon is printed with slurry to form solid part, and the inner part is not printed to form hollow part; S6, curing treatment: after printing, use continuous hot air furnace for two-stage curing: curing at 80-90℃ for 15-20min, then curing at 120-130℃ for 30-40min, cooling to 25-30℃ to prevent fabric heat shrinkage; S7, finishing and quality detection: trimming fluff with brush machine, soaking in 0.5-1% softener for 5-10min, then testing moisture absorption deformation, air permeability and washing fastness of the fabric, cutting the fabric after meeting the standard.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The specific steps of the raw material preparation in step S1 are as follows: S11, core raw material selection: the base layer yarn is 30D+75D polyester yarn, and the moisture absorption and expansion layer material is one of diphenyl methane diisocyanate based polyether type polyurethane or bio-based waterborne polyurethane, matched with auxiliary agent including crosslinking curing agent and antioxidant; S12, auxiliary material preparation: prepare the solvent required for printing process, such as deionized water, and cleaning reagent, and the auxiliary material and core raw material together constitute the raw material system.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the moisture-absorbing deformation fabric is prepared by the steps of: The specific steps of the base layer weaving in step S2 are as follows: ​ S21, weaving equipment and raw material application: after the preparation of raw materials, use 28 needle weft knitting jacquard machine to weave with 30D+75D regenerated polyester yarn as raw material, realize the structure design of the fabric; S22, weaving parameter control: control the parameters during weaving: make the tensile resilience greater than or equal to 85%, and make the air permeable mesh keep at 0.1-0.3mm, get the preliminary base layer gray cloth after weaving.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the moisture-absorbing deformation fabric is prepared by the steps of: The specific steps of the base layer pretreatment in step S3 are as follows: ​ S31, cleaning and drying operation: clean and dry the base layer gray cloth, use 1-2% neutral detergent aqueous solution at room temperature for 10-15min to remove impurities in cleaning stage, put the cleaned gray cloth into hot air dryer for drying at 60-80℃ for 30-40min, so that the moisture content is less than or equal to 5%; S32, setting treatment: through the low temperature setting machine, the clean drying after the base layer of gray cloth is set at 100-120℃ for 20-30 seconds, so that the base layer of gray cloth performance meets the standard, and the conditions of the attached moisture absorption and expansion layer are reached.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the moisture-absorbing deforming fabric is prepared by the steps of: The specific steps of preparing the moisture absorption and expansion layer slurry in the step S4 are as follows: ​ S41, proportion control of slurry ingredients: the printing slurry is prepared in proportion, the main agent of one of the diphenyl methane diisocyanate-based polyether polyurethane or bio-based waterborne polyurethane is added first, accounting for 60-70% of the total mass of the slurry, then the auxiliary agent including 5-10% cross-linking curing agent and 1-2% antioxidant is added, and the remaining part is supplemented with deionized water; S42, slurry stirring: after the slurry ingredients are mixed, stirring is carried out at a speed of 300-500 r / min for 20-30 minutes, and the viscosity is controlled at 1000-1500 mPa・s.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the moisture-absorbing deforming fabric is prepared by the steps of: The specific steps of positioning printing in the step S5 are as follows: ​ S51, printing equipment and pattern design: after the slurry preparation is completed, one of the rotary screen or flat screen printing machines is selected, the pattern is based on the honeycomb shape, the slurry is printed at the point connection of the outer circle of the hexagonal honeycomb, the solid part is formed, and the non-printing area in the inner part is the hollow part; S52, printing parameter control: the printing process control parameters are as follows: the printing pressure is kept at 0.2-0.3 MPa, the doctor blade angle is 45-60°, and the coating thickness is controlled at 0.05-0.1 mm.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the moisture-absorbing deforming fabric is prepared by the steps of: The specific steps of the curing treatment in the step S6 are as follows: ​ S61, segmented curing operation: after the positioning printing, a continuous hot air curing oven is used, the first segment is pre-cured at 80-90℃ for 15-20 minutes, and the second segment is completely cured at 120-130℃ for 30-40 minutes, so that the polyurethane slurry is cross-linked and chemically combined with the base layer of gray cloth; S62, cooling treatment: the fabric is sent into a cooling channel and naturally cooled to 25-30℃, and the structure of the cooled fabric is stable, and the function and form of the moisture absorption and expansion layer are preliminarily fixed.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the moisture-absorbing deformation fabric is prepared by the steps of: The specific steps of the finishing and quality detection in the step S7 are as follows: ​ S71, implementation of finishing process: the first step is to trim the surface fluff with a brush machine, and the second step is to soak in a softener with a concentration of 0.5-1% at room temperature for 5-10 minutes; S72, core performance detection and finished product forming: the 3D protrusion and the contact area reduction rate are verified by the moisture absorption deformation test, the air permeability test ensures that the dry state is greater than or equal to 190 mm / s and the wet state is greater than or equal to 230 mm / s, the water washing fastness test verifies that the effect retention rate is greater than or equal to 90% after 20 times of washing, and after the detection is qualified, the edges of the fabric are cut and the irregular corners are removed.

9. A hygroscopically-forming fabric, characterized by: Prepared by the method of claim 8.

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