Automatic tunnel reflective glass bead scattering device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of automatic scattering, and particularly discloses a tunnel reflective glass bead automatic scattering device, which comprises a mobile chassis, a storage module and an execution module. The storage module is arranged on the mobile chassis and used for storing glass beads to be scattered. The execution module is connected to the mobile chassis and communicates with the storage module, and is used for scattering the glass beads. The device further comprises a sensing module, which comprises a sensing mark unit. The sensing mark unit is arranged in the execution module and used for acquiring a fluorescent signal of the glass beads. The sensing mark unit comprises a fluorescent identification assembly and a fluorescent detection assembly. The fluorescent identification assembly is used for fluorescent identification of the glass beads entering the execution module. The fluorescent detection assembly is used for collecting the fluorescent identification of the glass beads to generate a fluorescent signal. The sensing module further comprises a feedback adjustment unit, which is used for identifying and intervening the agglomerated glass beads, so that the glass beads can be in a uniform and dispersed state during scattering, and the continuity and uniformity of the scattering operation are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automatic spreading, and discloses a tunnel reflective glass bead automatic spreading device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of tunnel traffic engineering, road marking often needs to spread reflective glass beads to maintain night reflective performance, so as to ensure driving safety. At present, when spreading reflective glass beads in a tunnel, a spreading device is often used to realize automatic spreading. The structure of the spreading device is composed of a moving chassis, a storage hopper and a nozzle. When spreading, the glass beads are transported from the storage hopper to the nozzle through a straight falling pipeline, and the spreading is completed by relying on gravity or low-pressure airflow.

[0003] However, in actual application, the existing spreading device has the following problems:

[0004] Firstly, there is a lack of real-time sensing and processing mechanism for the aggregation state of glass beads. The glass beads are prone to agglomerate and clump due to the humidity in the tunnel, which causes the pipeline to be blocked when the glass beads are discharged, and the nozzle to discharge unevenly, thereby affecting the subsequent glass bead spreading state and the spreading efficiency and effect.

[0005] Secondly, the nozzle angle is fixed. After the glass beads are spread, there is a lack of post-spreading distribution detection and adjustment function. When the glass beads accumulate or are missing in a local area due to the fixed nozzle angle, it cannot be corrected, which leads to uneven road marking reflection. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a tunnel reflective glass bead automatic spreading device to at least solve one of the above problems in the prior art.

[0007] Specifically, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0008] A tunnel reflective glass bead automatic spreading device, the device comprises a moving chassis, a storage module and an execution module, the storage module is arranged on the moving chassis for storing glass beads to be spread, the execution module is connected to the moving chassis and is in communication with the storage module, and is used for spreading the glass beads;

[0009] Further comprising a sensing module, the sensing module comprises a sensing marker unit, the sensing marker unit is arranged in the execution module and is used for acquiring a fluorescent signal of the glass beads, and the sensing marker unit comprises a fluorescent identification assembly and a fluorescent detection assembly, the fluorescent identification assembly is used for fluorescent identification of the glass beads entering the execution module, and the fluorescent detection assembly is used for collecting the fluorescent identification of the glass beads to generate a fluorescent signal;

[0010] The sensing module further includes a feedback adjustment unit, which is connected to the execution module and signal-connected to the fluorescence detection component, and makes corresponding adjustments based on the fluorescence signal to identify the current physical state of the glass bead.

[0011] Optionally, the execution module includes a flow distribution chamber installed at the bottom of the mobile chassis, an array of nozzles installed around the flow distribution chamber, and the nozzles having a diffused outlet facing downwards. The flow distribution chamber and the storage module are connected by a material discharge pipe. The upper section of the material discharge pipe near the storage module forms a spiral material discharge area, and the lower section of the material discharge pipe near the flow distribution chamber forms a straight material feeding area.

[0012] Optionally, the fluorescent marking component includes micro-nozzles arranged in a staggered manner within the spiral discharge area of ​​the discharge pipe, with the nozzles facing inward toward the inside of the discharge pipe, for spraying fluorescent marking powder onto the glass beads entering the discharge pipe.

[0013] Optionally, the fluorescence detection component includes a stroboscopic light source and a light intensity sensor disposed within the straight feeding area of ​​the feeding pipe. The stroboscopic light source is closer to the fluorescence marking component than the light intensity sensor and is used to excite the fluorescent marking powder on the surface of the glass beads to form a fluorescent mark. The light intensity sensor is used to collect the fluorescent mark on the surface of the glass beads and generate a fluorescence signal.

[0014] Optionally, the feedback adjustment unit includes a decision subunit and an execution subunit connected by a signal, wherein the decision subunit obtains the current physical state of the glass bead based on the fluorescence signal;

[0015] The execution subunit includes an airflow dispersion component, which includes a pulse airflow valve located inside the nozzle. The pulse airflow valve is connected to an external air source to form a pulse airflow that adjusts the physical state of the glass beads entering the nozzle.

[0016] Optionally, the storage module includes a storage hopper mounted on a mobile chassis, the bottom of which is connected to a discharge pipe via a discharge valve, and a heater is attached to the inner wall of the storage hopper.

[0017] Optionally, the nozzle and the flow divider are connected by a support gimbal. A push cylinder is provided around the support gimbal. One end of the push cylinder is hinged to the flow divider and the other end is hinged to the nozzle.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) By setting up a sensing module that includes fluorescent marking, fluorescent detection and feedback adjustment units, the present invention transforms the invisible physical state of glass beads into measurable fluorescent signals and links them with pulse airflow valves to precisely disperse them. It ingeniously constructs a closed-loop control logic of sensing-identification-intervention, which solves the problem that the existing technology cannot sense the agglomeration state of glass beads inside the pipeline in real time, resulting in material blockage and uneven nozzle output. It realizes the early identification and active intervention of agglomerated glass beads, thereby ensuring that the glass beads are in a uniform discrete state when spreading, and significantly improving the continuity and uniformity of spreading operations.

[0020] (2) This invention adopts a nozzle angle adjustable structure with a support gimbal and a push cylinder, and links it with a sensing module. When the system detects the agglomeration state, it can adjust the spraying angle of the nozzle in real time while using pulse airflow to disperse the glass beads, and compensate and correct the landing point of the dispersed beads. This solves the problem that traditional fixed-angle nozzles cannot adjust the spraying trajectory when facing agglomerated materials, resulting in unbalanced distribution of glass beads, local accumulation or missing beads. In this way, it achieves accurate and uniform coverage of glass beads under complex working conditions, and ensures the stability and consistency of the road marking reflective effect.

[0021] (3) The present invention designs the material discharge pipe as a combination of an upper spiral material discharge area and a lower straight material feeding area. The spiral structure can not only slow down the falling speed of the glass beads and promote their natural dispersion, but also create favorable conditions for subsequent uniform fluorescent marking. The straight structure provides a stable environment for the acquisition of fluorescent signals, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the detection signal. This solves the problem that the glass beads are squeezed and agglomerated due to gravity impact during material discharge and the unstable material state makes them difficult to detect. It also realizes the synergistic optimization of flexible material conveying and accurate sensing. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a side view of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the sensing tagging unit and feedback adjustment unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the material discharge pipe of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged nozzle structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the distribution state detection module of the present invention.

[0029] In the above figures, the reference numerals represent: 1. Mobile chassis; 2. Storage module; 21. Storage hopper; 22. Heater; 3. Execution module; 31. Diversion bin; 311. Diversion section; 32. Nozzle; 33. Material discharge pipe; 331. Spiral discharge area; 332. Straight feeding area; 41. Micro-nozzle; 42. Strobe light source; 43. Light intensity sensor; 521. Pulse airflow valve; 61. Support gimbal; 62. Push cylinder; 7. Distribution status detection module. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. The embodiments described below are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to practice the invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, materials, or methods are not specifically described to avoid obscuring the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the materials, instruments, and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the techniques used in the embodiments are conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 3As shown, this embodiment discloses an automatic glass bead spreading device for tunnels. The device includes a mobile chassis 1, a storage module 2, and an execution module 3. The storage module is mounted on the mobile chassis 1 and is used to store glass beads to be spread. The execution module 3 is connected to the mobile chassis 1 and communicates with the storage module 2, and is used to spread the glass beads.

[0035] It also includes a sensing module, which includes a sensing marking unit. The sensing marking unit is located in the execution module 3 and is used to acquire the fluorescence signal of the glass beads. The sensing marking unit includes a fluorescence marking component and a fluorescence detection component. The fluorescence marking component is used to fluorescently mark the glass beads entering the execution module 3, and the fluorescence detection component is used to collect the fluorescence marking of the glass beads to generate a fluorescence signal.

[0036] The sensing module also includes a feedback adjustment unit, which is connected to the execution module 3 and signal-connected to the fluorescence detection component, and makes corresponding adjustments based on the fluorescence signal to identify the current physical state of the glass bead.

[0037] Understandably, existing technologies lack precise means of sensing the aggregation state of glass beads. Traditional devices can only judge whether there is a blockage by manually observing the material output from the nozzle. They cannot identify the agglomeration of glass beads caused by moisture adhesion and vibration compression during the conveying process. These agglomerates are difficult to detect before entering the nozzle, and once they enter, they are very likely to cause local pipeline blockage, ultimately leading to a sharp reduction or uneven distribution of glass beads. This greatly affects the spreading operation of the device and has an adverse effect on the reflective effect of the road markings in the tunnel.

[0038] To address the aforementioned issues, the automatic dispensing device employed in this application introduces a sensing module. This module transforms the invisible physical form of the glass beads within the device into measurable relevant signal characteristics. By identifying these signal characteristics, the device recognizes the current physical state of the glass beads, thereby constructing a closed-loop feedback logic of perception, recognition, and intervention. Specifically, the sensing module mainly includes a sensing and marking unit and a feedback adjustment unit. The sensing and marking unit includes a fluorescent marking component and a fluorescent detection component. When the reflective glass beads enter the execution module 3, the fluorescent marking component marks them with fluorescence, transforming them from ordinary materials into traceable and identifiable signal carriers (i.e., fluorescent markings on the glass beads). The fluorescent detection component captures the fluorescent markings on the flowing glass beads and generates fluorescent signals.

[0039] Clearly, the fluorescence signal can reflect the physical state of the glass beads to a certain extent. When the glass beads are in a discrete state, their flow is a single, uniform, and continuous process through the area where the fluorescence detection component is located. At this time, the fluorescence detection component receives a series of discrete fluorescence pulse signals with high frequency, low intensity, and stable waveform. However, when the glass beads are in a clump-like state, the clumps of glass beads pass through the area where the fluorescence detection component is located. At this time, the signal received by the fluorescence detection component becomes an abnormal fluorescence signal with low frequency, high intensity, and long duration. That is, a large clump will produce a strong and persistent signal peak.

[0040] The feedback adjustment unit can accurately determine the real-time aggregation state of the glass beads in the pipeline by analyzing the frequency, amplitude, pulse width, and other characteristic parameters of the fluorescence signal. For example, when the system detects a sudden drop in signal frequency and a sudden increase in amplitude and pulse width, exceeding the preset standard threshold, it can be determined that aggregation has occurred. Once it is determined that the glass beads are currently in an aggregated state, the feedback adjustment unit can adjust the current physical state of the glass beads to restore them to a discrete state. This ensures that the glass beads do not enter the execution module 3 and cause pipeline blockage, thus ensuring that the glass beads are in the optimal dispersion state during dispersal. This achieves uniform coverage of the reflective points of the tunnel pavement markings, ensures uniform reflective effect at night, improves traffic safety in the tunnel, and enhances the dispersal efficiency of the device.

[0041] Regarding the mobile chassis 1, it should be further noted that the mobile chassis 1 in this application is only used as a moving mechanism for the device. Therefore, the mobile chassis 1 is not specifically limited. Those skilled in the art can determine the selection based on the usage scenario, load requirements, and environmental characteristics of the device. In this application, a wheeled mobile chassis 1 is used, and its power source can be vehicle traction or a self-built motor. It is preferred to use vehicle traction. Specifically, suitable traction hooks, traction rods, and other connecting parts can be installed at the front or side of the wheeled chassis to connect with the traction interface at the rear of the vehicle, thereby achieving overall movement with the help of the vehicle's power.

[0042] As a further preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the execution module 3 includes a diversion chamber 31 installed at the bottom of the mobile chassis 1, and an array of nozzles 32 installed around the diversion chamber 31. The nozzles 32 have a diffused outlet facing downwards. The diversion chamber 31 is connected to the storage module through a material discharge pipe 33. The upper section of the material discharge pipe 33 near the storage module forms a spiral material discharge area 331, and the lower section of the material discharge pipe near the diversion chamber 31 forms a straight material feeding area 332.

[0043] For the discharge pipe 33, it is understood that a discharge pump (not shown in the figure) is provided outside the pipe to facilitate the discharge and conveying of glass beads in the storage module 2.

[0044] Obviously, in this embodiment, the main function of the diversion chamber 31 is to temporarily store and divert the glass beads falling from the storage module 2, so that the glass beads fall into the diversion chamber 31 and are diverted into each nozzle 32 for spraying. The upper section of the material discharge pipe 33 forms a spiral material discharge area 331, which slows down the falling speed of the glass beads by the guiding effect of its spiral path when it flows through, so as to avoid the agglomeration caused by the mutual compression of glass beads due to gravity impact in traditional straight-fall pipes. At the same time, it allows the glass beads to disperse naturally during the spiral conveying process, creating conditions for the subsequent fluorescent marking component to perform fluorescent marking work, ensuring that each glass bead can contact the marking material. The lower section of the straight feeding area 332 is close to the diversion chamber 31. The straight structure can eliminate the centrifugal force interference at the end of the spiral conveying, allowing the dispersed glass beads to enter the diversion chamber 31 in a stable and uniform state, avoiding the accumulation of glass beads or local gaps in the diversion chamber 31 due to the deviation of the conveying trajectory.

[0045] Furthermore, the diversion chamber 31 is circular in shape and hollow inside. The bottom end of the discharge pipe 33 is connected to the bottom of the diversion chamber 31. The nozzles 32 are further arrayed at the bottom edge of the diversion chamber 31 and communicate with the interior of the diversion chamber 31 through through holes. The bottom of the hollow area inside the diversion chamber 31 gradually bulges from the periphery towards the center to form a conical diversion zone. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the surface of the diversion zone is provided with multiple channels corresponding to the positions of each nozzle 32 in the radial direction, so that when the glass beads fall from the top of the diversion chamber 31, they are gradually diverted into each nozzle 32 through the diversion zone and the channels. In this application, the nozzle 32 is connected to an external air pressure mechanism (e.g., an air pump) through a pipeline so that the glass beads entering the nozzle 32 are sprayed downward by air pressure.

[0046] In some alternative embodiments, in Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, the fluorescent marking component includes micro-nozzles 41 staggered in the spiral discharge area 331 of the discharge pipe 33, with the nozzles facing inward toward the discharge pipe 33, for spraying fluorescent marking powder onto the glass beads entering the discharge pipe 33.

[0047] Understandably, the micro-nozzles are located in the spiral feeding area 331 and are staggered so that when the glass beads pass through, the fluorescent marking powder is sprayed through the micro-nozzles and can be evenly attached to the outer surface of the glass beads as the beads roll. This allows the fluorescent detection component to accurately capture the fluorescent signal of the rolling glass beads and thus distinguish whether the glass beads are in a polymerized state.

[0048] Furthermore, the fluorescent marking powder in this application preferably uses modified acrylate-based fluorescent microsphere powder with a particle size controlled at 5-10 μm to match the spraying precision of the micro-nozzle and achieve uniform coverage as the glass beads roll. Its fluorescence characteristics are designed as follows: it achieves a unique function of enhanced fluorescence during polymerization through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) effect. That is, when a single glass bead is excited by the stroboscopic light source 42, only the fluorescent marking powder on the surface emits weak green fluorescence with a wavelength of 520-540 nm. When the glass beads aggregate, the fluorescent groups of adjacent glass beads undergo energy coupling, which significantly increases the fluorescence intensity and keeps the fluorescence peak wavelength stable. This allows the fluorescence detection component to accurately distinguish between the discrete state (weak fluorescence signal) and the polymerized state (strong fluorescence signal) of the glass beads by the difference in light intensity.

[0049] Furthermore, the fluorescent marking powder of this application achieves low adhesion and easy detachment through surface modification (surface grafting of polyethylene glycol (PEG) segments, utilizing the low surface energy characteristics of PEG to weaken the van der Waals forces between the microspheres and the glass bead surface (mainly composed of silica), while introducing trace amounts of degradable aliphatic ester bonds inside the microspheres). In other words, the adhesion time of the fluorescent marking powder on the glass bead surface is controlled within a few hours (i.e., within the entire process cycle from fluorescent marking and detection to application). When the glass beads fall onto the road surface after application to form road markings, the residual fluorescent powder will completely detach under the influence of airflow or rain in the external humid environment. This avoids affecting the bonding force between the glass beads and the road marking paint due to long-term adhesion (avoiding a decrease in the wear resistance of the markings) and also prevents the accumulation of a slippery layer on the road surface (avoiding the risk of vehicle slippage). At the same time, the detached powder can naturally degrade into small molecule organic matter, which will not pollute the tunnel environment, perfectly balancing detection accuracy and road safety.

[0050] In a further embodiment, further as... Figure 4 As shown, the fluorescence detection component includes a stroboscopic light source 42 and a light intensity sensor 43 disposed inside the straight feeding area 332 of the feeding pipe 33. The stroboscopic light source 42 is closer to the fluorescence marking component than the light intensity sensor 43 and is used to excite the fluorescent marking powder on the surface of the glass bead to form a fluorescent mark. The light intensity sensor 43 is used to collect the fluorescent mark on the surface of the glass bead and generate a fluorescence signal.

[0051] For example, the strobe light source 42 can be an industrial-grade blue strobe light source 42 (such as model OSRAMSPH6218), with its output wavelength set to 450nm (precisely matching the excitation wavelength of the fluorescent marking powder, which can efficiently excite the powder to emit green fluorescence of 520-540nm). The strobe frequency is adjusted to 500-800Hz. Combined with the linear conveying speed of 1-2m / s of the glass beads in the flat feeding area 332, this frequency can ensure that each glass bead is irradiated by at least 3-5 strobes during the conveying process, avoiding the problem of weak fluorescence signal caused by missed detection due to single irradiation or insufficient excitation. The light intensity sensor 43 can be a high-sensitivity silicon-based light intensity sensor 43 (such as model Hamamatsu S1336-18K), whose spectral response range covers 500-600nm (fully matching the 520-540nm green light band of the fluorescent label), and the photocurrent sensitivity reaches 0.5A / W. It can accurately distinguish the light intensity difference between single glass beads (fluorescence intensity of about 0.1mW / cm²) and severely aggregated glass beads (fluorescence intensity of up to 0.8mW / cm²). At the same time, the sensor adopts a narrow field of view (15°) design and is arranged at a distance of 10-15cm from the stroboscopic light source 42.

[0052] Understandably, the straight feeding area 332, compared to the spiral feeding area 331, does not have the tumbling disturbance of glass beads caused by the spiral structure. The glass beads are conveyed in a stable and linear manner in this section, which can avoid the shedding or displacement of fluorescent marking powder caused by rolling collision. Therefore, in this embodiment, the straight feeding area 332 of the feeding pipe 33 is set to provide a stable physical environment for fluorescent signal acquisition, which solves the problem of signal fluctuation caused by the unstable posture of glass beads when detected in the spiral area. Furthermore, the stroboscopic light source 42 is set close to the fluorescent marking component, which allows the glass beads that have just completed fluorescent marking (from the spiral area) to quickly enter the excitation range of the light source. At this time, the powder adhesion is the highest and it is not affected by conveying wear, which can maximize the excitation of the fluorescent marking powder. The light intensity sensor 43 can quickly capture the fluorescent marking of the glass beads and convert the intensity of the fluorescent marking into a corresponding fluorescent signal as the input of the feedback adjustment unit.

[0053] It is necessary to further explain that the light intensity sensor 43 collects the fluorescent label and generates a fluorescent signal. In essence, it collects the light signal of the fluorescent label excited on the surface of the glass bead and distinguishes its light intensity information based on the strength of the light signal on the surface of the glass bead in different physical states (such as the weak light intensity of a single glass bead and the strong light intensity of a polymer glass bead). The light intensity information is converted into corresponding electrical data through a photoelectric conversion element and input to the feedback adjustment unit. Therefore, the fluorescent signal received by the feedback adjustment unit is essentially electrical data that retains the characteristics of fluorescent light intensity.

[0054] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 3and Figure 5 As shown, the feedback adjustment unit includes a decision subunit and an execution subunit connected by a signal. The decision subunit obtains the current physical state of the glass bead based on the fluorescence signal.

[0055] The execution subunit includes an airflow dispersion component, which includes a pulse airflow valve 521 located inside the nozzle 32. The pulse airflow valve 521 is connected to an external air source to form a pulse airflow to adjust the physical state of the glass beads entering the nozzle 32.

[0056] It should be noted that the feedback adjustment unit in this application, through the collaborative design of the decision subunit and the execution subunit, realizes the closed-loop processing logic of signal recognition-intelligent judgment-precise intervention when the device is scattering glass beads. Specifically, the decision subunit can use an industrial-grade microcontroller (such as the STM32F407 series) or an embedded data processor (such as an ARM Cortex-A9 architecture processor) as its core. It receives the electrical data of the "fluorescence signal" transmitted by the light intensity sensor 43 in the fluorescence detection component through a signal connection (this data is converted from the light intensity information of the fluorescence signal), and accurately identifies the current physical state of the glass beads through the correspondence model relationship between its internal preset light intensity threshold and the physical state of the glass beads. Here, the light intensity threshold refers to the electrical data threshold range corresponding to the preset light intensity.

[0057] Understandably, this range is determined based on the mapping relationship between "glass bead physical state - fluorescence intensity - electrical data" established in previous experiments. For example, when the glass bead is in a single state, the fluorescent marker powder is dispersed, the fluorescence intensity is weak, and the corresponding electrical data is in the 0.3-0.5V range; when the glass bead is slightly aggregated, the fluorescence intensity increases, and the electrical data rises to 0.6-0.8V; when the glass bead is severely agglomerated, the fluorescence intensity rises sharply, and the electrical data exceeds 0.8V. Thus, after the decision subunit receives the electrical data of the corresponding fluorescence signal, it first compares it with the preset electrical data threshold range to reversely deduce the current physical state of the glass bead (single, slightly aggregated, severely agglomerated), and then outputs the corresponding control command to the airflow dispersion component of the execution subunit according to the state. In this way, through data quantification judgment logic, the physical state of the glass bead is cleverly identified and converted into executable intervention measures, avoiding the glass bead's physical state being difficult to detect and causing it to enter the execution module 3, resulting in pipeline blockage or affecting the spreading effect.

[0058] Clearly, the pulse airflow valve 521, as the core intervention component of the execution subunit in this embodiment, works by using pulsed airflow to gently disperse the aggregated glass beads entering the nozzle 32. Specifically, the pulse airflow valve 521 is connected to an external air source (such as a compressed air pump) and dynamically adjusts the airflow parameters according to the intervention level output by the decision subunit. During light aggregation, the pulse frequency is set to 5-8Hz and the airflow pressure drops to 0.4MPa. This low-frequency, low-pressure airflow impacts the loose aggregated structure, preventing excessive dispersion and subsequent glass bead splashing. During heavy aggregation, the pulse frequency is increased to 12-15Hz and the airflow pressure remains at 0.6MPa. The high-frequency airflow forms a continuous shock wave, gradually dispersing the tightly aggregated glass bead clusters. This prevents uneven spreading caused by the aggregated glass bead clusters being ejected from the nozzle 32, thus completely solving the problem of difficult-to-handle pipe blockages in existing devices, which still affect the spreading effect after handling. This ensures that the glass beads are spread evenly on the road surface in a uniform, individual state, maintaining the consistency of the road marking's reflective performance.

[0059] In a further preferred embodiment, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the storage module 2 includes a storage hopper 21 mounted on a mobile chassis 1. The bottom of the storage hopper 21 is connected to the discharge pipe 33 via a discharge valve. A heater 22 is also attached to the inner wall of the storage hopper 21.

[0060] It should also be noted that, since the tunnel is a high-humidity environment, the glass beads are not completely isolated from the outside world when they are stored in the storage hopper of storage module 2. Therefore, external moisture can easily enter the storage hopper, which will increase the adhesion of the glass beads to the surface, causing the glass beads to clump together with the nearby glass beads, thus affecting the subsequent glass bead feeding and spreading work.

[0061] Therefore, this embodiment improves and optimizes the storage module 2 by attaching a heater 22 to the inner wall of the storage hopper. The heater 22 heats the storage hopper to reduce its relative humidity, thereby heating the surface of the glass beads entering the storage hopper and drying the moisture, preventing the glass beads from sticking together. The heater 22 is preferably a flexible silicone rubber heating sheet, which is attached to the inner wall of the storage hopper 21 (covering more than 60% of the hopper wall area) to achieve uniform heat conduction. The bottom of the storage hopper 21 is connected to the discharge pipe 33 through a discharge valve. The heat generated by the original heater 22 can be conducted downward along the hopper wall to the vicinity of the discharge valve, preventing the glass beads from sticking and clogging at the discharge port due to concentrated humidity. This allows the device to perform anti-caking treatment on the glass beads before the spreading operation, further improving the device's performance.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, this embodiment further elaborates on the connection between the nozzle 32 and the flow divider 31, and further references are provided. Figure 5 That is, the nozzle 32 and the flow distribution chamber 31 are connected by a support gimbal 61. A push cylinder 62 is provided around the support gimbal 61. One end of the push cylinder 62 is hinged to the flow distribution chamber 31 and the other end is hinged to the nozzle 32.

[0064] Understandably, in traditional glass bead application, the nozzle 32 is often fixed to the distribution chamber 31. This is because the tunnel surface is relatively straight, and the glass beads are spread downwards in a fixed manner, allowing them to gradually and evenly distribute in a circular pattern across the marking. However, this method fails to adequately consider the spread deviation caused by the humidity inside the tunnel, which can lead to the glass beads agglomerating. Specifically, when the glass beads agglomerate due to humidity, the fixed-angle nozzle 32 cannot change the spreading direction. The agglomerated glass beads will be sprayed out in concentrated bundles, directly accumulating in localized areas of the marking, while the unagglomerated individual glass beads will scatter along a fixed trajectory, resulting in an imbalanced distribution with localized over-density and sparse surrounding areas.

[0065] This embodiment addresses the aforementioned problems through a structure of a support gimbal 61 and a push cylinder 62. The support gimbal 61 provides a flexible rotating base for the nozzle 32, enabling it to be adjusted at multiple angles in both horizontal and vertical directions. The push cylinder 62, hinged on all four sides, precisely controls the deflection angle and force of the nozzle 32 through the extension and retraction of the piston rod. When the sensing feedback module detects the aggregation of glass beads (identified by fluorescence signals), the push cylinder 62 can adjust the angle of the nozzle 32 in real time.

[0066] For example, for clumped glass beads, the drive cylinder 62 can be driven to push the support gimbal 61 to tilt at an angle, so that the nozzle 32 can be tilted and dispersed with pulse airflow, so that the dispersed glass beads can be evenly covered along the adjusted trajectory, and the offset can be offset by angle compensation to ensure that the application point is aligned with the center of the marking, ultimately achieving accurate and uniform distribution of glass beads in complex tunnel environments, significantly improving the stability of the marking reflection.

[0067] Example 3:

[0068] To further improve the spreading effect of the spreading device, this embodiment further explains that, as Figure 2 As shown, the device also includes a distribution state detection module 7 that is signal-connected to the push cylinder 62 and installed at the bottom of the mobile chassis 1. The distribution state detection module 7 is used to obtain the distribution state of the glass beads after spreading and generate a correction command. The push cylinder 62 executes the correction command to adjust the angle of the nozzle 32.

[0069] It should be noted that after the glass beads are spread, due to the irregularity of their movement during the diffusion process, when the device adjusts the tilt angle of the nozzle 32 by pushing the support gimbal 61 through the push cylinder 62, it can often only rely on the preset mechanical parameters for a rough adjustment. Even if the nozzle 32 is deflected by a certain degree based on experience, it is difficult to predict the actual landing point of the glass beads during the spreading process. This can easily lead to problems such as local accumulation after adjustment and excessive offset correction, ultimately still posing a risk of uneven spreading.

[0070] This embodiment adds a distribution state detection module 7, which can capture the actual distribution state of the glass beads in real time (such as density differences, offset distance, etc.). This transforms the deviation caused by irregular movement into quantifiable data. The detection and recognition unit then generates targeted correction commands based on this data, so that the angle adjustment of the pushing cylinder 62 no longer relies on preset parameters but is dynamically optimized according to the actual spreading effect. This achieves a closed-loop logic of spreading-detection-correction, completely solving the problem of blind adjustments caused by irregular glass bead movement. It ensures that the nozzle 32 angle adjustment always precisely matches the actual needs, ultimately achieving a uniform and stable distribution of glass beads on the tunnel surface, significantly improving the consistency and reliability of the road marking reflectivity.

[0071] For details, please refer to further information. Figure 6 The distribution state detection module 7 includes a distribution calculation unit and a detection and recognition unit. The distribution calculation unit is used to acquire the distribution image after the glass beads are scattered and calculate the distribution state parameters after the glass beads are scattered. The detection and recognition unit is used to compare the distribution state parameters and generate correction instructions.

[0072] It should be understood that the distribution image after the glass beads are scattered is acquired by an array camera located at the bottom of the mobile chassis 1.

[0073] The distribution measurement unit calculates and processes the pixel coordinates of the distribution image and outputs structured distribution state parameters. Specifically, its process is as follows:

[0074] The distribution measurement unit performs image processing operations such as binarization and connected component analysis on the acquired distribution image to identify each independent glass bead target in the image and extract its centroid coordinates in the pixel coordinate system.

[0075] Using a pre-calibrated perspective transformation matrix, the pixel coordinates of all targets are converted into physical coordinates in batches to form a set of physical coordinates;

[0076] The output glass bead distribution state parameter package is obtained by calculating this set of physical coordinates.

[0077] It should be noted that the output glass bead distribution parameter package obtained by calculating the physical coordinate set includes:

[0078] Calculate the mean of all coordinate points to obtain the coordinates of the geometric center of distribution describing the location of the glass beads;

[0079] A series of discrete parameters are calculated by constructing the covariance matrix.

[0080] Regarding the detection and recognition unit, it should be further explained that it outputs correction instructions through a built-in pre-trained prediction model. Preferably, this model is a digital twin model. Specifically, its workflow is as follows:

[0081] After receiving the current actual distribution state parameter package calculated by the distribution measurement unit, the detection and identification unit compares it with the preset ideal distribution state parameter package (that is, the ideal target value representing the uniform spreading effect) to calculate the current spreading error.

[0082] Based on this error, a candidate instruction set containing multiple nozzle 32 fine-tuning schemes is generated;

[0083] The digital twin model is invoked to virtually simulate each candidate instruction to predict its corresponding future distribution state, and a cost function is used to quantitatively evaluate the quality of each prediction result, so as to transform a multi-dimensional prediction result into a single cost score for comparison, and the lower the cost value, the more ideal the prediction result.

[0084] Among all the candidate commands, the candidate command that minimizes the cost is compared and selected, and output as the optimal correction command for this operation. This command is then sent to the push cylinder 62 to perform the adjustment action.

[0085] Obviously, the digital twin model, its training method, and optimization algorithm described in this embodiment can be implemented using existing or future mature technical solutions in the field, and this invention does not limit its specific implementation. The purpose of this application is only to apply these technical tools to the field of glass bead dispensing control and to apply them in this application to achieve the feedback logic of the predictive optimal correction command.

[0086] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

[0087] Furthermore, the structures, proportions, sizes, and positions illustrated in the accompanying drawings are all schematic diagrams, intended only to complement the content disclosed in the specification and to enable those skilled in the art to understand and read them. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0088] Furthermore, the directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An automatic tunnel reflective glass bead dispensing device, the device comprising a mobile chassis (1), a storage module (2), and an execution module (3), characterized in that, The storage module is mounted on the mobile chassis (1) for storing the glass beads to be spread. The execution module (3) is connected to the mobile chassis (1) and communicates with the storage module (2) for spreading the glass beads. It also includes a sensing module, which includes a sensing marking unit. The sensing marking unit is located in the execution module (3) and is used to acquire the fluorescence signal of the glass beads. The sensing marking unit includes a fluorescence marking component and a fluorescence detection component. The fluorescence marking component is used to fluorescently mark the glass beads entering the execution module (3), and the fluorescence detection component is used to collect the fluorescence marking of the glass beads to generate a fluorescence signal. The sensing module also includes a feedback adjustment unit, which is connected to the execution module (3) and signal-connected to the fluorescence detection component, and makes corresponding adjustments based on the fluorescence signal to identify the current physical state of the glass bead.

2. The automatic tunnel reflective glass bead spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The execution module (3) includes a diversion chamber (31) installed at the bottom of the mobile chassis (1), and an array of nozzles (32) installed around the diversion chamber (31). The nozzles (32) have a diffused outlet facing downwards. The diversion chamber (31) is connected to the storage module through a material discharge pipe (33). The upper section of the material discharge pipe (33) near the storage module forms a spiral material discharge area (331), and the lower section of the material discharge pipe near the diversion chamber (31) forms a straight material feeding area (332).

3. The automatic tunnel reflective glass bead spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fluorescent marking component includes micro-nozzles (41) arranged in a spiral discharge area (331) of the discharge pipe (33), and the nozzles (41) are directed toward the inside of the discharge pipe (33) for spraying fluorescent marking powder onto the glass beads entering the discharge pipe (33).

4. The automatic tunnel reflective glass bead spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fluorescence detection component includes a strobe light source (42) and a light intensity sensor (43) arranged inside the straight feeding area (332) of the feeding pipe (33). The strobe light source (42) is closer to the fluorescence marking component than the light intensity sensor (43) and is used to excite the fluorescent marking powder on the surface of the glass bead to form a fluorescent marking. The light intensity sensor (43) is used to collect the fluorescent marking on the surface of the glass bead and generate a fluorescence signal.

5. The automatic tunnel reflective glass bead spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feedback adjustment unit includes a decision subunit and an execution subunit connected by a signal. The decision subunit obtains the current physical state of the glass bead based on the fluorescence signal. The execution subunit includes an airflow dispersion component, which includes a pulse airflow valve (521) located inside the nozzle (32). The pulse airflow valve (521) is connected to an external air source to form a pulse airflow to adjust the physical state of the glass beads entering the nozzle (32).

6. The automatic tunnel reflective glass bead spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage module (2) includes a storage hopper (21) mounted on a mobile chassis (1). The bottom of the storage hopper (21) is connected to the discharge pipe (33) via a discharge valve. A heater (22) is also attached to the inner wall of the storage hopper (21).

7. The automatic tunnel reflective glass bead spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nozzle (32) is connected to the flow divider (31) via a support platform (61). A push cylinder (62) is provided around the support platform (61). One end of the push cylinder (62) is hinged to the flow divider (31) and the other end is hinged to the nozzle (32).

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