Integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of urease-induced calcium carbonate precipitation grouting, in particular to an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device and a control method thereof.The control method comprises the steps that the polarity of a plurality of rod-shaped electrodes is determined, and EICP reactants are injected into low-permeability soil; starting a strong electric field of the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes to drive electroosmosis and electromigration to realize directional transportation of the EICP reactant in the low-permeability soil body and form an acidic migration boundary and an alkaline migration boundary; closing the strong electric fields of the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes according to a preset time-sharing work and measurement mechanism, and collecting current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution diagrams of different rod-shaped electrodes by using a plurality of SIP monitoring devices; and generating an injection control sequence according to the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution diagram, and iteratively executing injection, acquisition and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed. Therefore, the problems of difficult transportation, out-of-control reaction, no monitoring and the like existing in a traditional pressure grouting method are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of urease-induced calcium carbonate precipitation grouting technology, and particularly to an integrated SIP (Spectrally Induced Polarization) monitoring and electric EICP (enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation) grouting device and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of civil engineering and geological reinforcement, there are still many key technical problems that need to be solved in the development and application of traditional grouting technology and emerging green reinforcement technology. These problems constitute an important background for the further optimization and breakthrough of related technologies.

[0003] Traditional pressure grouting, a long-established method for soil reinforcement, has demonstrated effectiveness in numerous engineering scenarios. However, its inherent limitations are becoming increasingly apparent when dealing with low-permeability soils (such as clay and silt). Due to the small pores and poor connectivity of low-permeability soils, the grout often fails to penetrate deeply into the soil during traditional pressure grouting, leading to grout accumulation in localized fissures and uneven reinforcement zones. More seriously, excessively high grouting pressure can even trigger soil splitting, damaging the original soil structure and consequently affecting the reinforcement effect and project safety. These issues not only limit the application of traditional pressure grouting in low-permeability soils but also pose significant challenges to the controllability and stability of reinforcement quality.

[0004] Meanwhile, the emerging green reinforcement technology—enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP)—has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of fine-grained soil reinforcement due to its environmental friendliness and wide applicability. EICP technology effectively reinforces soil by using urease to catalyze the hydrolysis of urea to produce calcium carbonate precipitate under bio-free conditions. However, in practical engineering applications, EICP technology also faces the critical challenge of controlling the chemical reaction. Especially under conventional injection methods, the diffusion and reaction process of reactants in the soil are difficult to control precisely, leading to calcium carbonate precipitation mainly concentrated near the injection port, forming a "wellhead blockage" phenomenon. This phenomenon not only hinders the continuous injection of subsequent reactants but also severely limits the reinforcement depth and range, thus restricting the reinforcement effect and engineering application potential of EICP technology.

[0005] Furthermore, monitoring and control technologies during construction are also key factors affecting the quality of grouting reinforcement. Currently, the lack of high spatiotemporal resolution online monitoring methods during EICP grouting construction makes it difficult for construction personnel to monitor the diffusion of reactants, reaction progress, and distribution of calcium carbonate precipitation in real time. This information gap leads to a degree of uncertainty in the construction process, making it difficult to adjust grouting parameters in a timely manner according to actual conditions, thus failing to guarantee the uniform distribution of calcium carbonate precipitation and the precise achievement of engineering objectives. Therefore, developing an efficient and accurate online monitoring and control system is of great significance for improving the construction quality and engineering benefits of EICP grouting technology.

[0006] In the optimization and innovation of grouting technology, electro-transport technology, as an emerging means of material transport, has demonstrated unique advantages and application potential. By applying an electric field, the directional transport and precise control of reactants in the soil can be achieved, thus potentially solving the problem of uneven reactant diffusion under traditional injection methods. However, although there are already some application cases of electric fields in the transport of reactants and pollutant treatment, combining electro-transport technology, online monitoring technology, and advanced closed-loop control technology to form a complete and engineerable system remains a technical challenge that urgently needs to be solved. In particular, for EICP grouting technology, how to organically integrate the precision of electro-transport, the high spatiotemporal resolution of online monitoring, and the intelligence of physical information neural network model predictive control (PINN-MPC) to construct an efficient, stable, and controllable grouting reinforcement system is currently a research frontier and hot topic in the field of civil engineering and geological reinforcement.

[0007] In summary, the limitations of traditional pressure grouting technology in low-permeability soils, the "wellhead blockage" problem of EICP technology under conventional injection methods, the lack of online monitoring and control methods with high spatiotemporal resolution during construction, and the challenges of integrating electric transport, online monitoring, and closed-loop control technologies together constitute the key technical bottlenecks that urgently need to be overcome in the current grouting reinforcement technology field. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device and its control method to solve the problems of difficult transportation, uncontrolled reaction and lack of monitoring in traditional pressure grouting methods. It enables the controllable transportation of EICP reactants to the target area in low-permeability soil, triggering the reaction as needed, real-time online monitoring of precipitation distribution and real-time optimization of control parameters by AI, thereby achieving uniform, verifiable and energy-saving in-situ reinforcement.

[0009] A first aspect of this invention provides an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device, comprising: multiple rod-shaped electrodes arranged vertically in a quincunx or rectangular array in multiple target injection wells, each rod-shaped electrode being coaxially connected to a grouting pipeline in the corresponding target injection well, for applying a DC driving electric field and injecting multi-frequency AC current into the target injection well; multiple SIP monitoring devices, each connected to one rod-shaped electrode, for monitoring the calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map of the underground medium under different frequency AC currents through the multiple rod-shaped electrodes; a urea solution storage tank connected to the grouting pipeline in the target injection well for storing urea solution; a calcium chloride solution storage tank connected to the grouting pipeline in the target injection well for storing calcium chloride solution; and a urease solution storage tank connected to the grouting pipeline in the target injection well. The well is connected to a grouting pipeline for storing urease solution; a grouting pump is connected to the urea solution storage tank, the calcium chloride solution storage tank, and the urease solution storage tank to inject the urea solution, the calcium chloride solution, and the urease solution into the low-permeability soil; a controller is connected to the grouting pump, the multiple rod-shaped electrodes, the multiple SIP monitoring devices, the urea solution storage tank, the calcium chloride solution storage tank, and the urease solution storage tank, respectively, to control the grouting pump to inject urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into the multiple grouting pipelines, and to control the multiple rod-shaped electrodes to release multi-frequency alternating current to collect calcium carbonate precipitation distribution maps of different rod-shaped electrodes, and to generate an injection control sequence based on the calcium carbonate precipitation distribution maps of different rod-shaped electrodes, and to iteratively execute the injection, collection, and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is produced.

[0010] Optionally, the coaxial connection between each rod electrode and the grouting pipeline is configured to allow an electric field to be applied to the urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution at the injection point while injecting the urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into the low-permeability soil.

[0011] Optionally, the electrode configured as the anode among the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes is provided with a titanium substrate coated with a noble metal oxide.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device, comprising the following steps: The polarity of multiple rod-shaped electrodes is determined, and urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution are injected into low-permeability soil. A strong electric field is activated on the multiple rod-shaped electrodes to drive electroosmosis and electromigration, achieving directional transport of EICP reactants within the low-permeability soil. The strong electric field is used to electrolyze water at the anode and cathode, forming acidic and alkaline migration boundaries. The acidic migration boundaries are used to inhibit urease activity in the injection port area, while the alkaline migration boundaries are used to trigger urease activity in a predetermined target area. The strong electric field on the multiple rod-shaped electrodes is deactivated according to a preset time-sharing operation and measurement mechanism. Multiple SIP monitoring devices are used to collect current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution maps of different rod-shaped electrodes. An injection control sequence is generated based on the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map, and the injection, collection, and generation processes are iteratively executed according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is produced, at which point injection and power supply are stopped.

[0013] Optionally, determining the polarity of the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes and injecting urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into the plurality of grouting pipelines includes: Each of the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes is determined to be either an anode or a cathode; when any rod-shaped electrode is an anode, the urea solution and the calcium chloride solution are injected into its corresponding grouting pipeline; when any rod-shaped electrode is a cathode, the urease solution is injected into its corresponding grouting pipeline.

[0014] Optionally, activating the strong electric field of the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes to drive electroosmosis and electromigration to achieve the directional transport of EICP reactants in the low-permeability soil includes: A strong electric field is applied to the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes. Under the influence of this strong electric field, the Ca2+ concentration in the calcium chloride solution within the anode rod-shaped electrode is increased. 2+ Ions migrate towards the cathode rod electrode via electromigration, and urea molecules in the urea solution travel along the electroosmotic flow. This causes urease molecules in the urease solution in the cathode rod electrode to migrate towards the anode rod electrode via electrophoresis. The urease molecules meet in the target region between the anode rod electrode and the cathode rod electrode and undergo an EICP reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate.

[0015] Optionally, the preset time-sharing operation and measurement mechanism is as follows: after the multiple rod electrodes turn on the strong electric field, the strong electric field is paused instantly in a preset silent window, and the multiple SIP monitoring devices are controlled to quickly complete a complex conductivity measurement within the current window.

[0016] Optionally, the step of generating an injection control sequence based on the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map, and iteratively executing the injection, acquisition, and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed, and then stopping the injection and power supply, includes: The current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map is compared with the previous calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map to obtain the difference value. Based on the model predictive control algorithm and physical information neural network, the future evolution process of the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is predicted according to the difference value. Based on the future evolution process of the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution, a constrained optimization problem with the goal of minimizing reagent cost and the difference between the reinforcement effect and the target is solved online to generate the injection control sequence. The injection, acquisition and generation process is iteratively executed according to the injection control sequence until the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map reaches the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution. Then, the injection of urea solution, calcium chloride solution and urease solution into the multiple grouting pipelines is stopped, and the power supply to the multiple rod electrodes is stopped.

[0017] A third aspect of the present invention provides a control system for an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device, comprising: a grouting module for determining the polarity of multiple rod-shaped electrodes and injecting urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into low-permeability soil; a charge guiding module for activating a strong electric field on the multiple rod-shaped electrodes to drive electroosmosis and electromigration to achieve directional transport of EICP reactants in the low-permeability soil, and using the strong electric field to electrolyze water at the anode and cathode to form acidic migration boundaries and alkaline migration boundaries; an inhibition and triggering module for using the acidic migration boundaries to inhibit urease activity in the grouting port area, and using the alkaline migration boundaries to trigger urease activity in a predetermined target area; a monitoring module for deactivating the strong electric field on the multiple rod-shaped electrodes according to a preset time-sharing operation and measurement mechanism, and using multiple SIP monitoring devices to collect current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution maps of different rod-shaped electrodes; and a generation and iteration module for generating an injection control sequence based on the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map, and iteratively executing the injection, collection, and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed, at which point injection and power supply are stopped.

[0018] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the control method for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device as described in the above embodiments.

[0019] The integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device and its control method proposed in this invention fundamentally solve the physical transport bottleneck, making it possible to uniformly reinforce fine-particle soils such as clay, which were previously considered "unsuitable for grouting." The "pH front" generated during water electrolysis in the electric transport process is transformed from a concomitant phenomenon into a spatiotemporal trigger for precise control of the EICP chemical reaction. This involves the dual utilization of the acid front generated at the anode and the alkali front generated at the cathode: the low pH environment of the anode acid front actively inhibits urease activity near the grouting port, thus fundamentally solving the "wellhead blockage" problem; simultaneously, the high pH environment of the alkali front migrating towards the anode triggers urease activity "on demand" in the target area, achieving "targeted" precipitation of calcium carbonate. This achieves "on demand" triggering and "targeted" precipitation of the chemical reaction, effectively avoiding wellhead blockage and ensuring the uniformity and high quality of the reinforced material. A system is constructed... This system integrates high spatiotemporal resolution SIP monitoring with artificial intelligence control into a complete closed-loop system. It forms a "perception-prediction-optimization-execution" cycle, using high-resolution spectral inductive polarization (SIP) as real-time input to an advanced artificial intelligence model based on physical information neural networks (PINN) and model predictive control (MPC). This enables proactive and intelligent management of underground geochemical processes, making them visible in real time. This completely changes the traditional "blind construction" approach to grouting projects, providing direct evidence for process control and quality assurance. Online optimization capabilities ensure that energy consumption and the use of expensive reagents (especially urease) are minimized while meeting engineering objectives, significantly reducing project costs. The entire closed-loop system can proactively adapt to the heterogeneity and uncertainty of the underground environment, continuously revising control strategies to ensure the reliability and repeatability of reinforcement effects under real and complex working conditions.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a control method for an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the settlement principle of a control method for an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a block diagram of a control system for an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10-Integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device, 101-Rod electrode, 1011-Rod anode, 1012-Rod cathode, 102-SIP monitoring equipment, 103-Urea solution storage tank, 104-Calcium chloride solution storage tank, 105-Urease solution storage tank, 106-Grouting pump and 107-Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] The integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device and its control method according to embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 This invention provides an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device 10 includes: multiple rod-shaped electrodes 101, multiple SIP monitoring devices 102, a urea solution storage tank 103, a calcium chloride solution storage tank 104, a urease solution storage tank 105, a grouting pump 106, and a controller 107.

[0026] Each rod-shaped electrode 101 is coaxially connected to the grouting pipeline in the corresponding target injection well, used to apply a DC driving electric field and inject multi-frequency AC current into the target injection well. Each SIP monitoring device 102 is connected to one rod-shaped electrode 101, used to monitor the calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map of the underground medium under different frequency AC currents through multiple rod-shaped electrodes 101. A urea solution storage tank 103 is connected to the grouting pipeline in the target injection well, used to store urea solution. A calcium chloride solution storage tank 104 is connected to the grouting pipeline in the target injection well, used to store calcium chloride solution. A urease solution storage tank 105 is connected to the grouting pipeline in the target injection well, used to store urease solution. A grouting pump 106 is connected to the urea solution storage tank 103, the calcium chloride solution storage tank 104, and the urease solution storage tank 105 to inject urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into the low-permeability soil. The controller 107 is connected to the grouting pump 106, multiple rod-shaped electrodes 101, multiple SIP monitoring devices 102, urea solution storage tank 103, calcium chloride solution storage tank 104, and urease solution storage tank 105, respectively. It is used to control the grouting pump 106 to inject urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into multiple grouting pipelines, and to release multi-frequency alternating current into multiple rod-shaped electrodes 101 to collect calcium carbonate precipitation distribution maps of different rod-shaped electrodes 101. Based on the calcium carbonate precipitation distribution maps of different rod-shaped electrodes 101, it generates an injection control sequence and iteratively executes the injection, acquisition, and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed.

[0027] Specifically, the rod-shaped electrode 101 well in this embodiment of the invention is not merely a structure for placing electrodes, but a composite unit integrating both electrode installation and reagent injection functions. In traditional grouting, the grouting pipe is independent. However, in the electric transport system of this embodiment, it is essential to ensure that the electric field exerts a force on reagent molecules and ions from the injection point. Therefore, combining the grouting function with the electrode well is proposed as the most efficient implementation method. Specifically, the grouting pipeline is typically arranged coaxially with the electrode well. The coaxial connection between each rod-shaped electrode 104 and the grouting pipeline is configured to allow the application of an electric field to the urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution at the injection point while simultaneously injecting them into low-permeability soil, ensuring seamless integration of the electric field driving force and the chemical reagents.

[0028] For example, a narrow-diameter grouting pipe can extend downwards along the center of the electrode well, with its outlet located inside the electrode well. When the grouting pump 106 is started, reagents (such as CaCl2 and urea solution from the anode well) are delivered into the electrode well through this grouting pipe, filling the conductive medium region within the well composed of bentonite or graphite particles. Since the rod-shaped electrode 101 (such as an anode rod) is also located within this reagent-filled conductive medium, the applied electric field immediately acts on the freshly injected CaCl2. 2+Ions and pore fluids efficiently drive them out of the porous well wall and migrate toward the target soil region.

[0029] Therefore, in the embodiments of the present invention, the "electrode well", "injection well" and "grouting hole" are physically integrated. This integrated design ensures the seamless connection between the electric field driving force and the chemical reagent, which is a prerequisite for achieving efficient electric transport.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the rod-shaped anode 1011 is exposed to a highly acidic (low pH) and highly oxidizing environment, which is extremely corrosive. Therefore, a corrosion-resistant material must be used. A preferred option is to use chemically stable titanium as the substrate and coat its surface with a layer of noble metal oxide, such as iridium oxide, to resist corrosion from the highly acidic environment generated by water electrolysis. This material selection is not conventional engineering practice, but rather a response to the highly acidic corrosive environment (2H₂O-4e⁻) generated by the pH triggering mechanism itself in this embodiment of the invention. - →O2↑+4H + The targeted design made is a key technical guarantee for the realization of the entire system. The rod-shaped cathode 1012 is in an alkaline environment, so the corrosion problem is relatively minor. Materials with good conductivity and higher cost-effectiveness can be selected, such as stainless steel mesh or graphite electrodes.

[0031] Multiple rod-shaped electrodes 101 are designed and laid out according to engineering objectives. For example, to reinforce the foundation, vertical rod-shaped electrodes 101 can be arranged in a quincunx or rectangular array; to construct a vertical seepage barrier, two rows of parallel vertical electrode arrays can be used. The electrode spacing is a key design parameter. The controller 107 can dynamically activate or deactivate certain rod-shaped electrodes in the array and switch the polarity of the rod-shaped electrodes based on real-time monitoring data, actively optimizing the electric field configuration to replace traditional high-pressure hydraulic drive.

[0032] Furthermore, holes are drilled near each rod electrode 101 to serve as monitoring holes for the SIP monitoring device 102. The SIP monitoring device 102 is lowered to a predetermined depth at the corresponding monitoring hole via a cable and connected to the corresponding rod electrode 101 via a cable, thereby monitoring the complex conductivity of the underground medium under different frequency alternating currents.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, the controller 107 incorporates the control method for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device described below. This control method, in addition to controlling the switching of each rod electrode 101, multiple SIP monitoring devices 102, urea solution storage tank 103, calcium chloride solution storage tank 104, urease solution storage tank 105, and grouting pump 106, as well as the polarity of the rod electrodes 101, also achieves directional transport of EICP reactants in low-permeability soil by driving electroosmosis and electromigration through an electric field. It utilizes the acid / alkali front (pH front) generated around the electrodes during electrolysis as a spatiotemporal triggering mechanism to suppress or initiate local reactions; that is, it suppresses wellhead reactions through the anodic acid front and initiates reactions "on demand" in the target area through the cathodic alkali front. "The initiation reaction fundamentally solves the 'wellhead blockage' problem in traditional EICP grouting; it adopts high spatiotemporal resolution SIP monitoring technology to obtain changes in underground complex conductivity and, through inversion, obtains a real-time distribution map of underground calcium carbonate precipitation; it also configures an internal model based on a physical information neural network (PINN) and uses a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm to optimize control commands (voltage, current, grouting flow rate, and injection timing, etc.) online. Based on the real-time collected calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map, it proactively predicts and optimizes online to generate the optimal injection control sequence, forming a closed-loop control iterative execution process of 'execution-sensing-prediction-optimization-re-execution' until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed."

[0034] It should be noted that the implementation process of "time-sharing" and the measurement mechanism is as follows: To address the interference of the strong direct current (DC) electric field used to drive mass transport on the weak alternating current (AC) signal used for SIP measurements, embodiments of this invention employ a "time-division multiplexing" or "duty cycle measurement" mechanism. This mechanism decomposes the entire process into a high-frequency repetitive cycle, each cycle containing two distinct phases: Transport phase: In this phase, the controller 107 applies a strong DC electric field to the grouting electrode for several seconds to several minutes to efficiently drive the electromigration of ions and the electroosmotic transport of fluids.

[0035] Measurement Phase: After the transport phase ends, the controller 107 momentarily pauses the DC electric field, creating a "quiet window" of approximately 10-100 milliseconds. During this brief quiet window, the interference from the strong DC field disappears, and the SIP monitoring device immediately injects a weak multi-frequency AC signal (e.g., a sweep frequency signal from 1 mHz to 20 kHz) into the dedicated monitoring electrode pair, and quickly completes a full-field complex conductivity measurement. This "grouting-pause-measurement" cycle is repeated continuously at high frequency, thereby effectively avoiding interference from the driving field on the measurement signal and realizing near real-time process monitoring of underground chemical processes, providing solid technical support for the claim of "millisecond-level response".

[0036] Furthermore, to achieve intelligent and adaptive control of complex underground processes, the intelligent closed-loop control system based on PINN-MPC incorporates an advanced algorithm framework based on Physical Information Neural Network (PINN) and Model Predictive Control (MPC) in the controller 107 of this embodiment. This framework overcomes the problem of traditional control methods relying on precise mathematical models and can handle the data sparsity and environmental heterogeneity problems commonly found in underground engineering. The Physical Information Neural Network (PINN) serves as a digital twin model; PINN is a deep learning method that directly embeds physical laws as constraints into the training process. In this embodiment, PINN is used as a "digital twin" model that can be updated in real time. Its loss function includes not only a data-driven term (the difference between model predictions and SIP measurements) but also a physical constraint term representing the following known physical laws (expressed in the form of partial differential equations): Ion transport equation: The Nernst-Planck equation is used to describe Ca. 2+ Cl - NH4 + Electromigration and diffusion processes of key ions under the combined influence of electric field gradient and concentration gradient.

[0037] Fluid flow equations: The modified Darcy's Law, which includes an electroosmotic driving term, is used to describe the overall motion of pore fluids under hydraulic and potential gradients.

[0038] Geochemical reaction kinetic equations: including the Michaelis-Menten kinetics describing the urease-catalyzed hydrolysis of urea and the reaction rate equation for CaCO3 precipitation, coupled with the evolution equation of pH value.

[0039] Rock physics model: Establish a mathematical model (e.g., a model based on interfacial polarization theory) to describe the relationship between CaCO3 precipitation and the imaginary part σ'' of conductivity measured by SIP, linking geochemical changes with geophysical responses. PINN can use these physical laws to constrain the solution space, generating physically reasonable interpolations and predictions even in regions where SIP sensor data is sparse, thereby building a high-fidelity real-time estimator of underground state. Furthermore, Model Predictive Control (MPC), as the core of optimization decision-making, is an advanced process control strategy. Its core lies in "model-based prediction" and "rolling time-domain optimization." In the context of this invention, the key elements of the MPC framework are defined as follows: State variables: Parameters that describe the current state of the system, namely the reactant concentration field and the three-dimensional spatial distribution field of CaCO3 precipitate.

[0040] Control Inputs: Variables adjustable by the controller 107, namely the voltage / current applied to each electrode, and the injection flow rate and injection timing of each reagent.

[0041] Objective function: A mathematical expression that needs to be minimized, which can be in the form: J = w 1(能耗成本) +w2• (试剂成本) +w3||CaCO 3,实际 -CaCO 3,目标 || 2 , where w is the weighting coefficient of each term, and the second term represents the gap between the current sedimentation distribution and the final engineering target.

[0042] Constraints: Physical and operational limitations of the system, such as maximum allowable voltage, maximum pump speed, total budget cost, concentration non-negativity, etc.

[0043] In each control loop, the MPC uses the updated PINN model to predict the future system state evolution caused by different control input sequences, and then solves an optimization problem online to calculate the optimal control sequence that minimizes the objective function value over a future time period while satisfying all constraints. The controller 107 then executes only the first action of this sequence and repeats the entire process at the next time step.

[0044] In summary, the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device proposed according to embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Breaking through the forbidden zone and achieving effective reinforcement: It fundamentally solves the physical transport bottleneck, making it possible to uniformly reinforce fine-particle soils such as clay that were previously considered "unsuitable for grouting"; (2) Precise control to ensure reinforcement quality: By controlling the pH front by regulating the electric field, the chemical reaction is triggered "on demand" and precipitated "at fixed point", which effectively avoids wellhead blockage and ensures the uniformity and high quality of the reinforced body; (3) Process visibility ensures project reliability: making underground chemical processes visible in real time completely changes the status quo of "blind construction" and provides a direct basis for process control and quality assurance; (4) Intelligent optimization to improve economic efficiency: The online optimization capability ensures that energy consumption and the amount of expensive reagents (especially urease) are minimized while meeting the engineering objectives, which significantly reduces the engineering cost; (5) Strong adaptability to cope with complex working conditions: The entire closed-loop system can actively adapt to the heterogeneity and uncertainty of the underground environment and continuously correct the control strategy, ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the reinforcement effect under real complex working conditions.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a control method for an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the control method for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device includes the following steps: In step S401, the polarity of multiple rod-shaped electrodes is determined, and urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution are injected into the low-permeability soil.

[0047] In some embodiments, determining the polarity of a plurality of rod-shaped electrodes and injecting urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into a plurality of grouting pipelines includes: Each of the multiple rod-shaped electrodes is identified as either an anode or a cathode; When any rod-shaped electrode is the anode, inject urea solution and calcium chloride solution into its corresponding grouting pipeline; When any rod-shaped electrode is the cathode, inject urease solution into its corresponding grouting pipeline.

[0048] In step S402, a strong electric field is turned on for multiple rod-shaped electrodes to drive electroosmosis and electromigration to achieve directional transport of EICP reactants in low-permeability soil. The strong electric field is used to electrolyze water at the anode and cathode to form acidic migration boundaries and alkaline migration boundaries.

[0049] In step S403, the acidic migration boundary is used to inhibit urease activity in the grouting port area, and the alkaline migration boundary is used to trigger urease activity in the predetermined target area.

[0050] In some embodiments, a strong electric field is activated on multiple rod-shaped electrodes to drive electroosmosis and electromigration to achieve directional transport of EICP reactants in low-permeability soil, including: A strong electric field is applied to multiple rod-shaped electrodes. Under the influence of this strong electric field, the Ca2+ concentration in the calcium chloride solution at the anode rod-shaped electrode increases. 2+ Ions move toward the cathode rod electrode via electromigration, and urea molecules in the urea solution move toward the anode rod electrode via electroosmosis. The target region between the anode rod electrode and the cathode rod electrode meets and undergoes an EICP reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate.

[0051] In actual implementation, the initial chemical formulation can be 1M urea, 0.67M calcium chloride, and 3g / L urease. For highly plastic clays, a small amount (e.g., 0.75%) of lignin additive can be added to the EICP system to improve the brittleness of the solidified soil.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, after determining the polarity of multiple rod-shaped electrodes according to the requirements of the target engineering project, a bidirectional counter-impact injection strategy utilizing the electro-transport characteristics is employed. A mixed solution of calcium chloride and urea is injected at the anode, and under an electric field, Ca... 2+ Ions move toward the cathode via electromigration, and urea molecules move toward the cathode via electroosmosis. Free urease solution is injected into the cathode. In the natural pH environment of most soils, urease molecules carry a net negative charge, so they move toward the anode via electrophoresis in the electric field. When all reactants move toward each other from both ends, they eventually meet in the target area between the electrodes and undergo an EICP reaction, realizing the spatial separation of reactant transport and reaction triggering, and generating calcium carbonate precipitate.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, a time-phased pulse injection of chemical reagents can be used, which can be combined with the switching of the electric field or the periodic reversal of the electrode polarity to achieve precise "beat-like" control of the reaction process.

[0054] It's important to note that electroosmosis refers to the process where clay particles, typically carrying a net negative charge, adsorb cations from pore water, forming an interfacial region called the "diffuse electrical double layer" (EDL). This region is positively charged overall. Under the influence of an applied electric field, this positively charged hydrated ion layer moves towards the cathode (negative electrode), acting like a miniature piston and dragging surrounding free water molecules along with it, thus creating a macroscopic water flow from the anode to the cathode. Electroosmosis is the primary mode of transport for neutral molecules (such as urease) and the entire pore fluid. Its most crucial characteristic is that the electroosmotic flow rate is proportional to the voltage gradient but largely independent of the soil's permeability coefficient. This is the fundamental reason why it can achieve highly efficient fluid transport in clays with extremely low permeability.

[0055] Electromigration refers to the directional movement of charged ions under the influence of an electric field. Positively charged cations (such as calcium ions, Ca2+) are examples of this phenomenon. 2+ Ammonium ions (NH3) produced by urea hydrolysis 4+ The cathode will move towards the negatively charged anions (such as chloride ions, Cl-). - The ions will then migrate towards the anode. Electromigration is the process by which ionic components (especially Ca) migrate towards the anode. 2+ In low-permeability media, it is the main transport mechanism, and its speed is much higher than that of simple diffusion.

[0056] In the process of electroosmosis and electromigration, the unavoidable byproducts (pH changes) during electrolysis can be transformed into a core tool for controlling the EICP reaction, as follows: Formation and utilization of pH front: Under the action of a DC electric field, an electrolysis reaction of water will occur at the electrode: Anode reaction: 2H₂O - 4e⁻ - →O2↑+4H + Cathode reaction: 2H₂O + 2e⁻ - →H₂↑+2OH⁻ - H generated at the anode + The ions form an "acid front" that moves toward the cathode, while the OH- produced at the cathode... - The ions then form an "alkali front" that moves toward the anode. Urease, the core catalyst of the EICP reaction, is highly sensitive to pH, with its optimal pH range typically between 8.0 and 9.0.

[0057] During the transport phase, when the reactants are delivered to the target area, the pH environment of that area is not conducive to the reaction. However, based on the "time-sharing operation" and measurement mechanism, the movement speed and range of the "alkali front" can be precisely controlled by adjusting the electric field strength of the rod electrode. Once the reactants arrive at the target area, the "alkali front" is then instructed to reach that area precisely, causing the local pH value to rapidly rise to the optimal range, thereby instantly "triggering" the EICP reaction. At the same time, the "acid front" generated at the anode can effectively inhibit enzyme activity in the area near the injection port, fundamentally solving the "wellhead blockage" problem.

[0058] In step S404, the strong electric fields of multiple rod-shaped electrodes are turned off according to the preset time-sharing operation and measurement mechanism, and the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map of different rod-shaped electrodes is collected using multiple SIP monitoring devices.

[0059] It should be noted that the SIP monitoring equipment measures the complex conductivity of the underground medium under alternating current at different frequencies, σ∗=σ′+iσ′′. Here, the real part σ′ represents the conductivity, while the imaginary part σ′′ (or the associated phase angle) represents the polarization or charge storage capacity of the medium, and is extremely sensitive to chemical changes occurring at the interface between mineral particles and pore fluids.

[0060] Tracking ion transport: when Ca 2+ When charged ion fronts migrate underground, they alter the ion concentration and type of the pore fluid along their path, directly affecting the electrical bilayer structure of the particle-fluid interface and thus causing measurable changes in σ′′. This enables the system to track the transport path and extent of reactants in real time.

[0061] Detecting mineral precipitation: When CaCO3 crystals precipitate on the surface of soil particles, a large number of new mineral-fluid interfaces are formed. This greatly increases the total polarized surface area, leading to a significant increase in σ′′ that is positively correlated with the amount of precipitation. Therefore, the incremental distribution map of σ′′ is the precipitation distribution map of calcium carbonate, which can directly reflect the expansion of the precipitation area and the accumulation of precipitation.

[0062] In actual implementation, the SIP monitoring device used in this embodiment of the invention is not a single-point sensor, but a geophysical tomography system. Its working method is similar to medical CT scan, which can non-invasively "see through" the interior of the entire grouting area.

[0063] Hardware configuration: An array of dozens of non-polarized electrodes (such as Ag / AgCl electrodes) is used, strategically positioned in dedicated monitoring holes around or inside the area to be reinforced, physically isolated from the high-power grouting electrodes. Measurements are performed over a wide frequency band (e.g., 1 mHz to 20 kHz).

[0064] "Time-sharing operation" and measurement mechanism: To avoid interference from strong electric fields on weak signals, a "time-sharing operation" mode is adopted. Specifically, during the millisecond-level "grouting stage," the strong electric field is activated, and then momentarily paused within a preset "quiet window." The SIP monitoring equipment quickly completes a complex conductivity measurement within the current window. This "grouting-pause-measurement" cycle repeats at high frequency, achieving near real-time monitoring. The preset "quiet window" typically lasts from 10 to 100 milliseconds.

[0065] "Multi-angle observation" and data acquisition: In a single "snapshot" measurement, a pair of electrodes is automatically selected as the current transmitter, injecting a weak multi-frequency alternating current into the ground; simultaneously, all other electrode pairs act as voltage receivers, measuring potential difference and phase shift. Throughout the control process, different electrode pairs are rapidly switched as transmitters, repeating this process to complete hundreds or thousands of measurements covering different paths in a short time.

[0066] Inversion imaging: Utilizing complex mathematical inversion algorithms to process massive amounts of raw data, this algorithm can reconstruct a two-dimensional or three-dimensional distribution map of the σ′′ value within the entire reinforced area—that is, a calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map—based on the electrical response measured at the boundary. This map serves as an "X-ray" of the underground chemical processes, providing rich and comprehensive spatial information necessary for subsequent intelligent control.

[0067] In step S405, an injection control sequence is generated based on the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map, and the injection, acquisition, and generation processes are iteratively executed according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed, at which point the injection and power supply are stopped.

[0068] In some embodiments, an injection control sequence is generated based on the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map, and the injection, acquisition, and generation processes are iteratively executed according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed, at which point the injection and power supply are stopped, including: The current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map is compared with the calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map at the previous moment to obtain the difference value; Based on model predictive control algorithm and physical information neural network, the future evolution process of the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is predicted according to the difference value. Based on the future evolution process of the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution, a constrained optimization problem with the goal of minimizing reagent cost and the difference between the reinforcement effect and the target is solved online to generate injection control sequence. The injection, acquisition, and generation processes are iteratively executed according to the injection control sequence until the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map reaches the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution. Then, the injection of urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into multiple grouting pipelines is stopped, and the power supply to multiple rod electrodes is also stopped.

[0069] In practical implementation, this embodiment of the invention adopts the Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm as its top-level control strategy. MPC is an advanced process control algorithm whose core ideas of "model-based prediction" and "rolling time-domain optimization" make it particularly suitable for handling complex systems with characteristics such as multivariables, large time delays, multiple constraints, and nonlinearity, such as underground grouting. MPC's forward-looking nature enables it to make better global decisions and can explicitly handle various physical and operational constraints (such as maximum voltage, total cost, etc.).

[0070] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, to overcome the difficulty of traditional MPC relying on precise mathematical models, a Physical Information Neural Network (PINN) is adopted as its internal process model, based on the Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm. PINN is a deep learning method that directly embeds physical laws as constraints into the training process. Its loss function includes not only a data-driven term (the difference between model predictions and sensor measurements) but also a physical constraint term, which represents the residual of the known control equations (partial differential equations).

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, the training of PINN will be subject to the following physical laws: (1) Flow and transport equations: describe the coupled flow of electroosmosis and electromigration, as well as the convection-dispersion-reaction process of each chemical component in porous media.

[0072] (2) Geochemical reaction kinetics: describing the reaction rate of urease catalysis and calcium carbonate precipitation, as well as the evolution of pH value.

[0073] (3) Rock physics model: A mathematical model that describes the relationship between the amount of calcium carbonate precipitation and geophysical parameters (such as σ′′ measured by SIP).

[0074] (3) The biggest advantage of PINN is that it can use physical laws to constrain the solution space, and can generate physically reasonable interpolations and predictions even in areas where sensor data is sparse, making it very suitable for underground engineering applications with sparse data and complex systems.

[0075] Therefore, the implementation of the Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm and Physical Information Neural Network (PINN) in this invention can form a closed-loop control of "execution-sensing-prediction-optimization-re-execution", and the working process of this closed loop is as follows: Perceive: Collect complex conductivity data of the entire field through multiple SIP monitoring devices in a "silent window" to generate a current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map.

[0076] State estimation: By employing data assimilation techniques such as Kalman filtering, the latest SIP measurement results are fused with the predictions of the PINN model to calculate the optimal estimate of the subsurface state (ion concentration field, sediment distribution field) and to correct its internal "digital twin" model in real time.

[0077] Predict & Optimize: MPC uses an updated PINN model to predict the future outcomes of different control strategies (such as voltage adjustment). It then solves an optimization problem online, calculating the optimal control sequence that achieves the engineering objective at the lowest cost.

[0078] Execute: Only the first control action of the optimal sequence is executed (e.g., "increase the voltage of anode A1 by 5V"), and then the next loop is entered to restart sensing, thereby achieving continuous adaptation to underground changes until the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map reaches the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution, at which point the injection of urea solution, calcium chloride solution and urease solution into multiple grouting pipelines is stopped, and power supply to multiple rod electrodes is stopped.

[0079] The controller's inputs and outputs are explicitly defined as follows: Main inputs: virtual conductivity 3D image (σ′′(f,x,y,z,t)) from SIP monitoring equipment, total system voltage and total current from power supply unit, and reagent injection rate from grouting pump.

[0080] Main outputs (control commands): voltage / current settings for each electrode, reagent injection rate and concentration settings for each injection well, and electrode polarity reversal command.

[0081] The control method of the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device proposed in this invention will be described in detail below through a specific embodiment.

[0082] Step 1: Site survey and system design (pre-construction preparation) Geological survey: First, a standard geotechnical engineering survey is conducted on the site that needs to be reinforced to clarify the scope (length, width, and depth) of the target reinforcement area, the distribution of soil layers, the physical and mechanical properties of the soil (such as water content, void ratio, and permeability coefficient), and the groundwater situation.

[0083] Scheme Design: Based on the survey results and engineering objectives (e.g., whether to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation or construct a seepage barrier), a systematic design will be conducted. The design content includes: Electrode array layout: Determine the number, spacing, and arrangement of anodes and cathodes. For example, to reinforce a square foundation, four anodes can be placed at its four corners and one cathode in the center.

[0084] SIP monitoring array layout: Design the location of the SIP monitoring holes. These holes are typically arranged between and around the injection electrodes to ensure that the entire target area is "surrounded," thereby achieving accurate tomographic imaging.

[0085] Step 2: System Deployment and Installation (On-site Construction) Drilling construction: Using a standard drilling machine, drill holes at the designated locations according to the design drawings to form "electrode wells" for installing electrodes and "monitoring holes" for installing SIP sensors.

[0086] (1) Place the pre-made anode (such as iridium oxide coated titanium rod) and cathode (such as stainless steel mesh) into the designated electrode wells respectively, and then lower the coaxial grouting pipeline into place with its outlet located in the electrode well. Then backfill the electrode well with conductive medium (such as saturated bentonite) to ensure good electrical contact between the electrode and the surrounding soil.

[0087] (2) Installation of SIP monitoring equipment: The SIP-specific non-polarized electrode (such as an Ag / AgCl electrode) is lowered to the predetermined depth of each monitoring hole via a cable.

[0088] Ground equipment connection: On the ground, connect all underground electrodes (anode, cathode, SIP electrode) to the corresponding ground control equipment via cables: grouting electrodes are connected to a programmable DC power supply; SIP electrodes are connected to SIP measuring instruments.

[0089] Connect the grouting pipeline to the multi-channel grouting pump controlled by the controller.

[0090] Connect the power supply, grouting pump, and SIP instruments to the central computer containing the controller via data cables.

[0091] Step 3: System Initialization and Target Setting (Pre-operation Debugging) Background field measurement: Before injecting any reagents, the operator initiates a "background scan" via a central computer containing the controller. The SIP monitoring equipment performs a comprehensive tomographic imaging of the original formation, obtaining a map of the electrical properties in the unreinforced state as a baseline for subsequent changes.

[0092] Setting Project Goals: The operator inputs the specific goals of the project on the human-machine interface of the central computer containing the controller. For example, increasing the average intensity of the target area by 50% will be automatically converted by the software into an equivalent virtual conductivity target value σ′′ that can be monitored by the SIP. Constraints such as cost and energy consumption are also input.

[0093] Step 4: Start-up and intelligent closed-loop control (automatic operation) One-click start: The operator clicks the "Start" button to start the entire reinforcement process.

[0094] Controller takeover: From this moment on, enter fully automatic closed-loop control mode. The controller's control method calculates the optimal control command for the first step based on the current state (initially the background field) and the preset target, and executes it automatically: Execution: The grouting pump is instructed to start injecting calcium salt and urea into the anode well and urease into the cathode well according to the "bidirectional counter-flushing" strategy; at the same time, the power supply is instructed to apply an initial voltage to the electrodes.

[0095] Perception: It operates according to a preset "time-sharing" mode. For example, after working for 20 minutes, the AI ​​automatically pauses the electric field and grouting, and immediately triggers the SIP system to perform a rapid full-field "snapshot" scan.

[0096] Analysis and Decision Making: Upon receiving a new SIP image, it is compared with the image from the previous moment to analyze the progress of the chemical reaction. The PINN model self-calibrates based on this real data, and then the MPC module predicts future evolution and calculates the optimal control command for the next step (e.g., "Increase the AI ​​anode voltage by 0.5V and halve the C2 cathode enzyme injection rate").

[0097] Iterative Cycle: New instructions are automatically executed, initiating the next "execution-perception-analysis-decision" cycle. This process continues, and the operator only needs to monitor the 3D visualization (real-time display of ion front propagation and the expansion of the calcium carbonate precipitation region) and various parameter curves on the computer screen.

[0098] Step 5: Process Termination and Final Verification (Completion) Automatic termination: When the distribution and quantity of underground calcium carbonate precipitation (i.e., the sigma value) have reached or exceeded the preset engineering target, grouting and power supply will be automatically stopped, and a "construction completed" prompt will be sent to the operator.

[0099] Final Verification and Report: After construction is completed, a final comprehensive SIP scan is performed to generate a final 3D distribution map of the reinforcement effect. This map can serve as a detailed quality assurance (QA) document and final acceptance report, visually demonstrating the scope and uniformity of the reinforcement project.

[0100] Through the standardized operating procedures described above, this invention transforms the complex underground grouting process into a highly automated, transparent, and controllable modern engineering project, greatly reducing reliance on the experience of on-site operators and ensuring project quality.

[0101] In summary, the control method for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device proposed in the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Breaking through the forbidden zone and achieving effective reinforcement: It fundamentally solves the physical transport bottleneck, making it possible to uniformly reinforce fine-particle soils such as clay that were previously considered "unsuitable for grouting"; (2) Precise control to ensure reinforcement quality: By controlling the pH front by regulating the electric field, the chemical reaction is triggered "on demand" and precipitated "at fixed point", which effectively avoids wellhead blockage and ensures the uniformity and high quality of the reinforced body; (3) Process visibility ensures project reliability: making underground chemical processes visible in real time completely changes the status quo of "blind construction" and provides a direct basis for process control and quality assurance; (4) Intelligent optimization to improve economic efficiency: The online optimization capability ensures that energy consumption and the amount of expensive reagents (especially urease) are minimized while meeting the engineering objectives, which significantly reduces the engineering cost; (5) Strong adaptability to cope with complex working conditions: The entire closed-loop system can actively adapt to the heterogeneity and uncertainty of the underground environment and continuously correct the control strategy, ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the reinforcement effect under real complex working conditions.

[0102] Next, the control system of the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0103] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of a control system for an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0104] like Figure 6As shown, the control system 60 of the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device includes: a grouting module 601, a charge guiding module 602, an inhibition and triggering module 603, a monitoring module 604, and a generation and iteration module 605.

[0105] The grouting module 601 determines the polarity of multiple rod-shaped electrodes and injects urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into the low-permeability soil. The charge guiding module 602 activates the strong electric field of the multiple rod-shaped electrodes to drive electroosmosis and electromigration, enabling the directional transport of EICP reactants within the low-permeability soil. It also utilizes the strong electric field to electrolyze water at the anode and cathode, forming acidic and alkaline migration boundaries. The inhibition and triggering module 603 uses the acidic migration boundary to inhibit urease activity in the grouting port area and uses the alkaline migration boundary to trigger urease activity in a predetermined target area. The monitoring module 604 deactivates the strong electric field of the multiple rod-shaped electrodes according to a preset time-sharing operation and measurement mechanism, and uses multiple SIP monitoring devices to collect the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map of different rod-shaped electrodes. The generation and iteration module 605 generates an injection control sequence based on the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map and iteratively executes the injection, collection, and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed, at which point injection and power supply are stopped.

[0106] In some embodiments, the grouting module 601 includes: A determining unit is used to determine whether each of the multiple rod-shaped electrodes is an anode or a cathode; The first injection module is used to inject urea solution and calcium chloride solution into the corresponding grouting pipeline when any rod electrode is the anode. The second injection module is used to inject urease solution into the corresponding grouting pipeline when any rod electrode is the cathode.

[0107] In some embodiments, the charge guiding module 602 includes: The charge guiding module is used to activate a strong electric field on multiple rod-shaped electrodes. Under the influence of this strong electric field, the Ca2+ in the calcium chloride solution within the anode rod-shaped electrode is increased. 2+ Ions move toward the cathode rod electrode via electromigration, and urea molecules in the urea solution move toward the anode rod electrode via electroosmosis. The generation module is used to allow the target region between the anode rod electrode and the cathode rod electrode to meet and undergo an EICP reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate.

[0108] In some embodiments, the preset time-sharing operation and measurement mechanism is as follows: after multiple rod electrodes turn on the strong electric field, the strong electric field is paused instantly in a preset silent window, and multiple SIP monitoring devices are controlled to quickly complete a complex conductivity measurement within the current window.

[0109] In some embodiments, the generation and iteration module 605 includes: The comparison unit is used to compare the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map with the calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map at the previous moment to obtain the difference value; The prediction and generation unit is used to predict the future evolution of the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution based on the model predictive control algorithm and physical information neural network, and to solve a constrained optimization problem online based on the future evolution of the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution, with the goal of minimizing reagent cost and the difference between the reinforcement effect and the target, so as to generate the injection control sequence. The iterative unit is used to iteratively execute the injection, acquisition, and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map reaches the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution, at which point the injection of urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into multiple grouting pipelines is stopped, and the power supply to multiple rod electrodes is stopped.

[0110] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the control method embodiment for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device also applies to the control system of the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0111] The control system for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device proposed according to embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Breaking through the forbidden zone and achieving effective reinforcement: It fundamentally solves the physical transport bottleneck, making it possible to uniformly reinforce fine-particle soils such as clay that were previously considered "unsuitable for grouting"; (2) Precise control to ensure reinforcement quality: By controlling the pH front by regulating the electric field, the chemical reaction is triggered "on demand" and precipitated "at fixed point", which effectively avoids wellhead blockage and ensures the uniformity and high quality of the reinforced body; (3) Process visibility ensures project reliability: making underground chemical processes visible in real time completely changes the status quo of "blind construction" and provides a direct basis for process control and quality assurance; (4) Intelligent optimization to improve economic efficiency: The online optimization capability ensures that energy consumption and the amount of expensive reagents (especially urease) are minimized while meeting the engineering objectives, which significantly reduces the engineering cost; (5) Strong adaptability to cope with complex working conditions: The entire closed-loop system can actively adapt to the heterogeneity and uncertainty of the underground environment and continuously correct the control strategy, ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the reinforcement effect under real complex working conditions.

[0112] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device may include: The memory 701, the processor 702, and the computer program stored on the memory 701 and executable on the processor 702.

[0113] When the processor 702 executes the program, it implements the control method of the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device provided in the above embodiments.

[0114] Furthermore, electronic devices also include: Communication interface 703 is used for communication between memory 701 and processor 702.

[0115] The memory 701 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 702.

[0116] The memory 701 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0117] If the memory 701, processor 702, and communication interface 703 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 703, memory 701, and processor 702 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 7 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0118] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 701, processor 702, and communication interface 703 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 701, processor 702, and communication interface 703 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0119] The processor 702 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.

[0120] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0121] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0122] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of preferred embodiments of the invention includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of the invention pertain.

[0123] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus or device).

Claims

1. An integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device, characterized in that, include: Multiple rod-shaped electrodes are arranged vertically in multiple target injection wells in a plum blossom or rectangular array, and each rod-shaped electrode is coaxially sleeved with the grouting pipeline in the corresponding target injection well, for applying a DC driving electric field and injecting multi-frequency AC current into the target injection well. Multiple SIP monitoring devices, each connected to a rod-shaped electrode, are used to monitor the distribution of calcium carbonate precipitation in the underground medium under different frequencies of alternating current through the multiple rod-shaped electrodes; A urea solution storage tank, which is connected to the grouting pipeline in the target injection well, is used to store urea solution; A calcium chloride solution storage tank, which is connected to the grouting pipeline in the target injection well, is used to store calcium chloride solution; A urease solution storage tank, which is connected to the grouting pipeline in the target injection well, is used to store the urease solution; A grouting pump is connected to the urea solution storage tank, the calcium chloride solution storage tank, and the urease solution storage tank to inject the urea solution, the calcium chloride solution, and the urease solution into the low-permeability soil. A controller is connected to the grouting pump, the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes, the plurality of SIP monitoring devices, the urea solution storage tank, the calcium chloride solution storage tank, and the urease solution storage tank, respectively. The controller is used to control the grouting pump to inject urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into the plurality of grouting pipelines, and to control the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes to release multi-frequency alternating current, so as to collect calcium carbonate precipitation distribution maps of different rod-shaped electrodes, generate an injection control sequence based on the calcium carbonate precipitation distribution maps of different rod-shaped electrodes, and iteratively execute the injection, acquisition, and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coaxial connection between each rod electrode and the grouting pipeline is configured to allow an electric field to be applied to the urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution at the injection point while the urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution are being injected into the low-permeability soil.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The electrode configured as the anode among the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes has a titanium substrate coated with a noble metal oxide.

4. A control method for an integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device, characterized in that, The integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to any one of claims 1-3 includes the following steps: The polarity of multiple rod-shaped electrodes was determined, and urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution were injected into the low-permeability soil. The strong electric field of the multiple rod-shaped electrodes is turned on to drive electroosmosis and electromigration to realize the directional transport of EICP reactants in the low-permeability soil, and the strong electric field is used to electrolyze water at the anode and cathode to form acidic migration boundaries and alkaline migration boundaries. The acidic migration boundary is used to inhibit urease activity in the grouting port area, and the alkaline migration boundary is used to trigger urease activity in a predetermined target area. The strong electric field of the multiple rod-shaped electrodes is turned off according to the preset time-sharing operation and measurement mechanism, and the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map of different rod-shaped electrodes is collected using multiple SIP monitoring devices. An injection control sequence is generated based on the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map, and the injection, acquisition, and generation processes are iteratively executed according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed, at which point the injection and power supply are stopped.

5. The control method for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of determining the polarity of multiple rod-shaped electrodes and injecting urea solution, calcium chloride solution, and urease solution into multiple grouting pipelines includes: Each of the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes is determined to be either an anode or a cathode; When any rod electrode is the anode, the urea solution and the calcium chloride solution are injected into the corresponding grouting pipeline. When any rod-shaped electrode is the cathode, the urease solution is injected into the corresponding grouting pipeline.

6. The control method for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of activating the strong electric field of the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes to drive electroosmosis and electromigration to achieve the directional transport of EICP reactants in the low-permeability soil includes: A strong electric field is applied to the plurality of rod-shaped electrodes. Under the influence of this strong electric field, the Ca2+ concentration in the calcium chloride solution within the anode rod-shaped electrode is increased. 2+ Ions move toward the cathode rod electrode via electromigration, and urea molecules in the urea solution move toward the anode rod electrode via electroosmosis. The target region between the anode rod electrode and the cathode rod electrode meets and undergoes an EICP reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate.

7. The control method for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preset time-sharing operation and measurement mechanism is as follows: after the multiple rod electrodes turn on the strong electric field, the strong electric field is paused instantly in the preset silent window, and the multiple SIP monitoring devices are controlled to quickly complete a complex conductivity measurement within the current window.

8. The control method for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of generating an injection control sequence based on the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map, and iteratively executing the injection, acquisition, and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed, and then stopping the injection and power supply, includes: The current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map is compared with the calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map at the previous moment to obtain the difference value; Based on the model predictive control algorithm and physical information neural network, the future evolution process of the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is predicted according to the difference value, and a constrained optimization problem with the goal of minimizing reagent cost and the difference between the reinforcement effect and the target is solved online according to the future evolution process of the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution, so as to generate the injection control sequence. The injection, acquisition, and generation processes are iteratively executed according to the injection control sequence until the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map reaches the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution. Then, the injection of the urea solution, the calcium chloride solution, and the urease solution into the multiple grouting pipelines is stopped, and the power supply to the multiple rod electrodes is stopped.

9. A control system integrating SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device, characterized in that, include: The grouting module is used to determine the polarity of multiple rod-shaped electrodes and inject urea solution, calcium chloride solution and urease solution into low-permeability soil. The charge guiding module is used to activate the strong electric field of the multiple rod-shaped electrodes to drive electroosmosis and electromigration to realize the directional transport of EICP reactants in the low-permeability soil, and to use the strong electric field to electrolyze water at the anode and cathode to form acidic migration boundaries and alkaline migration boundaries. The inhibition and triggering module is used to inhibit urease activity in the grouting port area using the acidic migration boundary and to trigger urease activity in a predetermined target area using the alkaline migration boundary. The monitoring module is used to shut down the strong electric field of the multiple rod-shaped electrodes according to a preset time-sharing operation and measurement mechanism, and to collect the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map of different rod-shaped electrodes using multiple SIP monitoring devices. The generation and iteration module is used to generate an injection control sequence based on the current calcium carbonate precipitation distribution map, and to iteratively execute the injection, acquisition and generation processes according to the injection control sequence until the target calcium carbonate precipitation distribution is formed, at which point the injection and power supply are stopped.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the control method for the integrated SIP monitoring and electric EICP grouting device as described in any one of claims 4-8.

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