Hydraulic engineering desilting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic engineering desilting device and method, relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering desilting, and aims at solving the technical problems that in existing hydraulic engineering desilting operation, efficiency is low, operation is complex, and an effective silt impurity removing function is lacked. The device comprises two core parts, namely a movable lifting mechanism and a desilting mechanism, wherein the movable lifting mechanism skillfully utilizes a vehicle body, a screw rod and a first motor to realize flexible lifting adjustment of the device; according to the dredging mechanism, through precise cooperation of a first barrel, a scraping hopper, a driving assembly and an adjusting assembly, continuous and efficient scraping of sludge and precise distance adjustment are achieved; meanwhile, a filter screen plate and a feeding assembly are arranged in the second barrel, sludge is effectively filtered and recycled, and reutilization of resources is achieved; according to the method, through the systematized steps of mobile positioning, lifting adjustment, sludge scraping, filtering, recycling and the like, the efficiency and effect of hydraulic engineering desilting operation are remarkably improved, and the method has wide application prospects.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering equipment, and particularly relates to a water conservancy engineering dredging device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a comprehensive project for regulating, developing and utilizing water resources, water conservancy engineering plays a crucial role in flood control, water supply, irrigation, power generation, navigation and ecological protection. However, in the daily operation and maintenance of water conservancy engineering, the accumulation of silt at the bottom of rivers, lakes and other water areas is a common and unavoidable problem. These silt not only reduces the navigability of water areas and affects the water flow speed, but also can have adverse effects on water quality and ecological systems, such as causing water eutrophication and destroying aquatic habitats. Therefore, regular dredging of the bottom of water areas has become an important measure to ensure the normal operation of water conservancy engineering and the protection of the ecological environment.

[0003] At present, there are various water conservancy engineering dredging devices on the market, aiming to improve dredging efficiency and operation quality. Among them, CN112267508B discloses a water conservancy engineering dredging device, which is a typical representative. The device mainly includes a scraper bucket, a collection bucket, a folding assembly and a driving assembly. Its working principle is that the scraper bucket and the whole connected with the scraper bucket are driven by the folding assembly to move up and down along the second guide assembly, and the scraper bucket is driven to move by the air cylinder to realize the scraping and shoveling of silt and garbage. Subsequently, the folding assembly drives the scraper bucket to move upwards, the collection bucket is moved to the lower side of the scraper bucket through the transmission assembly and driving mechanism, the air cylinder is retracted to make the scraper bucket rotate, and the collection bucket moves in the opposite direction to realize the entry of silt and garbage into the collection bucket, completing the process of shoveling and collecting silt and garbage.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned prior art has some significant defects and deficiencies in actual application, which are specifically shown in the following aspects: 1. Complex operation and low efficiency: The scraping and collecting processes of silt cannot be carried out synchronously, and a series of complex transmission structures are needed to realize the lifting of the scraper bucket, the horizontal movement of the collection bucket and the rotation of the scraper bucket. These intermediate steps are numerous, which not only increase the operation difficulty, but also significantly reduce the silt recovery efficiency. In actual operation, the operator needs to accurately control the movement of multiple components, and any carelessness may lead to operation failure or low efficiency.

[0005] 2. Lack of silt impurity removal function: Silt often contains impurities such as stones and bricks, and these impurities must be removed to ensure product quality when the recovered silt is used for brick making and other purposes. However, the above-mentioned prior art does not have the function of removing impurities from silt, resulting in the need for subsequent treatment of the recovered silt, which increases the processing steps and costs.

[0006] 3. Complex equipment, high maintenance cost: Since the existing technology requires multiple complex transmission structures and components to implement the dredging operation, the overall structure of the equipment is relatively complex, increasing the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty. Once a component fails, it may take a lot of time and effort to repair and replace.

[0007] 4. Poor adaptability: The thickness of silt and water quality conditions in different water areas differ, and the existing technology often cannot adapt to various complex operating environments. For example, in water areas with a large water depth, the scraper bucket may not effectively contact the bottom of the silt; when the silt contains a large amount of large impurities, the scraper bucket and the collection bucket may be easily clogged or damaged.

[0008] To solve these problems in the prior art, the present application proposes a new type of water conservancy engineering dredging device. The device realizes the simultaneous dredging and recycling of silt through innovative structural design and technical means, improves the silt removal efficiency, and significantly enhances the adaptability and stability of the equipment. Specifically, the present application uses a mobile lifting mechanism to control the lifting and movement of the scraper bucket, so that the scraper bucket can clean the silt at the bottom of the river channel comprehensively; at the same time, through the cooperation of the first cylinder and the second cylinder in the dredging mechanism, the simultaneous dredging and recycling of silt is realized, eliminating the need for numerous intermediate steps; in addition, a filter screen is provided to filter the silt, removing stones and other impurities in the silt and reducing subsequent processing steps. These improvements significantly improve the overall efficiency and effectiveness of water conservancy engineering dredging operations. SUMMARY

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a water conservancy engineering dredging device and method to solve the technical problems of low efficiency, complex operation, and lack of effective silt removal function in water conservancy engineering dredging operations. Specifically, to solve the problems of simultaneous dredging and collection, the need for complex transmission structures, and the lack of silt removal function in the prior art, a water conservancy engineering dredging device and method that simultaneously dredges, recycles, and has high-efficiency silt removal function are provided to overcome the limitations of the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A water conservancy engineering dredging device integrates a mobile lifting mechanism and a dredging mechanism. The mobile lifting mechanism is composed of a vehicle body, a box body, a lead screw, and a first motor. The vehicle body is designed by combining a flat-top remote control electric flat car with an L-shaped frame plate, with a load capacity of 1 to 100 tons, ensuring the stable movement and carrying capacity of the device. The box body is internally provided with a power supply and a counterweight to provide power support and balance protection for the device. The lead screw is provided with a sliding groove on its surface, which is connected to the first gear through a synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 transmission, realizing precise rotation control of the lead screw, and then driving the second cylinder and the dredging mechanism on it to lift, to adapt to the dredging needs of different depths of river channels.

[0011] The dredging mechanism is designed ingeniously, the second cylinder is connected with the support plates at both ends, the support plates are not only rotatably connected with the lead screws, but also bear the driving assembly and the adjusting assembly. The first cylinder is rotatably arranged outside the second cylinder, and a plurality of scrapers are uniformly and slidably arranged on the surface of the first cylinder. The back of each scraper is connected with a second sliding block which is slidably connected with a sliding rail plate, so that the stability and flexibility of the scraper during the circumferential movement are ensured. The water permeation holes formed in the scraper are helpful to reduce the water mixing during the scraping of the silt, and the scraper plate slidably arranged in the scraper can effectively push the silt to fall off when the scraper is inclined. The driving assembly is driven by the meshing transmission of the gear ring and the third gear 25, so that the intermittent counterclockwise rotation of the first cylinder is realized, thereby driving the scraper to continuously scrape the silt at the bottom of the river channel.

[0012] The design of the adjusting assembly further enhances the adaptability of the device. The annular plate is driven to move by the telescopic component, thereby driving the transmission rod to adjust the use distance of the scraper, so that the scraper can be flexibly adjusted according to the river channel with different water depths. The third cylinder and the feeding assembly in the third cylinder arranged in the second cylinder utilize the spiral conveying blades to convey the filtered silt to the river channel, so that the continuous recovery of the silt is realized. At the same time, the inclined guide plate and the filter screen plate arranged in the second cylinder cooperate with the high-frequency vibration of the vibration motor, so that the filtering process of the silt is effectively accelerated, the stones and other impurities in the silt are removed, and the silt treatment efficiency and quality are significantly improved.

[0013] Based on the above device, the application further provides an efficient dredging method, which includes the steps of moving positioning, lifting adjustment, scraper distance adjustment, silt scraping, silt conveying to the filtering mechanism, silt filtering, silt conveying and recycling, and cyclic operation. Through this series of coherent operation processes, the synchronous silt scraping and recycling are realized, the efficiency and effect of the water conservancy engineering dredging operation are significantly improved, and strong support is provided for the maintenance and management of water conservancy projects.

[0014] The water conservancy engineering dredging device and method provided by the application have the following beneficial effects: 1. The application solves the technical problems of low efficiency, complex operation and lack of effective silt impurity removal function in water conservancy engineering dredging operation. Specifically, the problems of the existing technology that the silt scraper and collector cannot be synchronized, the need for complex transmission structure, and the lack of silt impurity removal function are solved. A water conservancy engineering dredging device and method with synchronous scraping, recycling and high-efficiency impurity removal function are provided to overcome the limitations of the prior art.

[0015] 2. The application significantly improves the efficiency and quality of water conservancy engineering dredging operation, and can quickly and continuously complete the scraping, filtering and recycling of silt.

[0016] 3、The present application realizes the coherent operation of sludge scraping and recycling by synchronously scraping and recycling design, and eliminates the intermediate steps, and the setting of the filter screen plate effectively removes the stones and other impurities in the sludge, reduces the subsequent processing steps, and reduces the processing cost.

[0017] 4、The present application realizes the synchronous operation of sludge scraping and recycling by scraping the sludge at the bottom of the river channel through the circumferential motion state of the scraper wheel, and cooperating with the design of the first cylinder and the second cylinder, which significantly improves the operation efficiency.

[0018] 5、The filter screen plate removes the impurities in the sludge, reduces the subsequent processing steps and cost, and the optimization of the device structure reduces the complexity and maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0019] 6、The design of the adjusting assembly enables the scraper to adjust the use distance according to different water depths of the river channel, and the precise adjustment of the extension length of the scraper is realized through the cooperation of the third motor, the third gear 25 and the rack on the scraper, which enhances the adaptability and stability of the device.

[0020] 7、Synchronous dredging, efficiency improvement: the first cylinder is driven to rotate by the driving assembly, so that the plurality of scrapers rotate circumferentially and scrape the sludge in turn, and the cooperation of the first opening and the second opening realizes that the sludge scraped is directly introduced into the second cylinder, without additional steps such as scraper lifting and collection bucket moving, so that the sludge scraping and recycling are synchronous, the "vacuum period" of dredging is eliminated, and the dredging efficiency is significantly improved.

[0021] 8、Integrated filtering, reducing subsequent steps: the sludge dredging mechanism is provided with an inclined filter screen plate, which cooperates with the vibration motor to accelerate the filtration, so that the stones, bricks and other impurities are removed synchronously during the sludge recycling process, without the need for subsequent separate impurity removal, reducing the processing steps and reducing the processing cost; and the removed impurities slide along the filter screen plate, and due to the rolling kinetic energy, the falling point is far away from the sludge falling point, so that the impurities are prevented from mixing into the recycled sludge.

[0022] 9、Strong adaptability and flexible operation: the extension length of the scraper can be adjusted through the adjusting assembly to adapt to different water depths of the river channel; the car body in the moving and lifting mechanism adopts a remote control electric flat car, which can move intermittently along the river channel to realize comprehensive dredging at the bottom of the river channel; the screw rod synchronous lifting ensures the stability of the device, and the counterweight ensures the balance of the car body, which meets the needs of different dredging scenes.

[0023] 10、Stable structure, less sludge residue: the scraper is provided with an inclined scraper plate, which slides and pushes the sludge to fall off under the action of gravity when the scraper is inclined, avoiding sludge residue; the water permeation hole can reduce the water content of the sludge and improve the quality of sludge recycling; the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 cooperates with the tensioning wheel 23 to ensure stable transmission, and the overall structure of the device is reliable and has a long service life.

[0024] 11、The mobile lifting mechanism and the dredging mechanism are organically combined, universal wheels with brakes are installed at the bottom of the vehicle body of the mobile lifting mechanism, the flexibility of the device in movement and positioning is improved, and the device can adapt to different water conservancy engineering site environments.

[0025] 12、In the dredging method, the lifting adjustment step adjusts the height of the lifting plate by precisely controlling the number of rotations of the first motor, thereby precisely controlling the overall height of the dredging mechanism, keeping the scraper bucket and the silt surface at an appropriate pressure, and improving the precision and effect of the dredging operation.

[0026] 13、The dredging method innovatively adds the filtering treatment and silt recycling steps, impurities are filtered through the filter screen plate, and then the pure silt is conveyed to a designated position for recycling by using the spiral conveying rod, so that the silt is effectively utilized, resource waste is reduced, and environmental pollution is reduced.

[0027] 14、The present application solves the problem that the silt scraper and the collector cannot be synchronized in the existing water conservancy engineering dredging device, improves the continuity and efficiency of the dredging operation, and avoids the discontinuous dredging that may occur in traditional operations.

[0028] 15、The present application overcomes the defect that the traditional dredging device needs a complex transmission structure, simplifies the device structure, reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty, and reduces the failure rate caused by the complex structure.

[0029] 16、The present application solves the problem that the existing technology does not have a silt impurity removal function, the filter screen plate is arranged to realize the filtering treatment of the silt, the quality of the recycled silt is improved, and the recycled silt can better meet the demand of subsequent utilization.

[0030] 17、The present application solves the problem that the traditional dredging device is not continuous and has poor adaptability, the scraper bucket position can be flexibly adjusted through the adjusting assembly, different depth silt cleaning is adapted, and the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the silt cleaning are improved.

[0031] 18、The unique adjusting assembly design of the present application enables the device to be accurately adjusted according to the actual silt depth, improves the silt cleaning effect, reduces the missed silt cleaning and repeated silt cleaning, and ensures the quality of the dredging operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present application; Figure 1 It is an enlarged structural schematic view of position A in the middle; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the dredging mechanism of the present application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sludge removal mechanism of the present invention in the state where the second cylinder and the first cylinder are separated; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding assembly of the present invention in the state of separation from the third cylinder; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper bucket of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Car body; 2. Box body; 3. Lead screw; 301. Slide groove; 4. Second gear; 5. First gear; 6. First cylinder; 7. Scraper bucket; 8. Scraper; 9. Gear ring; 10. Support plate; 11. Telescopic component; 12. Adapter ring; 13. Ring plate; 14. Third motor; 15. Transmission rod; 16. Second cylinder; 17. Filter screen plate; 18. Guide plate; 19. Third cylinder; 20. Spiral conveyor blade; 21. Second motor; 22. Synchronous pulley; 23. Tensioner; 24. Synchronous belt; 25. Third gear; 26. Main shaft; 601. First opening; 1601. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1 like Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a dredging device for water conservancy projects, which mainly includes a mobile lifting mechanism and a dredging mechanism. It realizes efficient and continuous cleaning and recycling of silt in water conservancy projects. Its specific structure and working principle are as follows: 1. Mobile Lifting Mechanism: This mechanism includes a vehicle body 1, with four casters equipped with brakes at the bottom for easy movement and positioning of the device. A lead screw 2 is vertically rotatably connected to the vehicle body 1, and the lead screw 2 is connected to the vehicle body 1 via bearings to ensure smooth rotation. The output shaft of a first motor 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the lead screw 2. The first motor 3 is a servo motor with the ability to precisely control speed and direction. The forward and reverse rotation of the first motor 3 drives the lead screw 2 to rotate, thereby driving the lifting plate 4, which is threadedly connected to the lead screw 2, to move up and down. The lifting plate 4 has threaded holes that match the lead screw 2 to ensure stable lifting. A first cylindrical body 5 is also fixedly connected to the lifting plate 4. The first cylindrical body 5 is cylindrical and is used to install key components of the dredging mechanism.

[0034] 2. Dredging Mechanism: The dredging mechanism includes multiple scraper buckets 6 fixedly connected to the side wall of the first cylinder 5. These scraper buckets 6 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first cylinder 5, and the opening of each scraper bucket 6 faces the same direction to continuously scrape sludge during rotation. The scraper buckets 6 are made of wear-resistant steel to improve service life. A drive assembly is installed inside the first cylinder 5. This drive assembly includes a second motor 7 fixedly connected to the side wall of the first cylinder 5. The second motor 7 is a geared motor that provides sufficient torque to drive the scraper buckets 6 to rotate. A first gear 8 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 7. The first gear 8 meshes with a second gear 9 fixedly connected to one of the scraper buckets 6. Driven by the second motor 7, the scraper buckets 6 rotate and scrape sludge.

[0035] In addition, an adjustment assembly is provided inside the first cylinder 5 to adjust the distance between the scraper bucket 6 and the sludge. The adjustment assembly includes a third motor 10 fixedly connected inside the first cylinder 5, which is also a servo motor. A third gear 2511 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor 10, and the third gear 2511 meshes with a rack 12 fixedly connected to the scraper bucket 6. The rack 12 is arranged along the length of the scraper bucket 6. By driving the third motor 10 in both forward and reverse directions, the scraper bucket 6 can be extended and retracted, thereby adapting to the needs of cleaning sludge at different depths.

[0036] A second cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the first cylinder 5, and the second cylinder 13 is connected to the first cylinder 5 through a connecting port. A sealing ring is provided at the connecting port to prevent sludge leakage. A filter screen 14 is installed inside the second cylinder 13. The filter screen 14 is made of stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and easy to clean. The filter screen 14 is used to filter impurities from the scraped sludge. Simultaneously, a feeding assembly is also installed inside the second cylinder 13, including a fourth motor 15 fixedly connected to the side wall of the second cylinder 13. The fourth motor 15 is a variable frequency motor, and its speed can be adjusted as needed. A screw conveyor 16 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the fourth motor 15. The screw conveyor 16 extends to the outside of the second cylinder 13 and is used to transport the filtered sludge to a designated location for recycling.

[0037] Example 2 In another preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiment 1, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a dredging device for water conservancy projects, including a mobile lifting mechanism and a dredging mechanism, the specific structure of which is as follows: 1. Mobile lifting mechanism The mobile lifting mechanism comprises a vehicle body 1, a box body 2, a lead screw 3 and a first motor; the box body 2 is arranged on the vehicle body 1, and a power supply and a counterweight are arranged inside the box body 2, the power supply supplies power to all electronic devices in the device, and the counterweight is used for maintaining the overall balance of the vehicle body 1 to avoid the device from tilting during the dredging process; the lead screw 3 is arranged in plurality and is threadedly connected with the vehicle body 1, the plurality of lead screws 3 are uniformly distributed to ensure the stability during lifting; and the first motor is arranged on the vehicle body 1 and is in transmission connection with the lead screw 3, and is used for driving the lead screw 3 to rotate to realize the lifting function.

[0038] Further, a sliding groove 301 is arranged on the surface of the lead screw 3; a synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 is rotatably arranged on the vehicle body 1; first gears 5 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22; the lead screw 3 penetrates through the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 and the first gears 5; the inner sides of the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 and the first gears 5 are provided with first sliding blocks in sliding connection with the sliding groove 301, the sliding groove 301 cooperates with the first sliding blocks to ensure that the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 and the first gears 5 do not move up and down with the lead screw 3 when driving the lead screw 3 to rotate; the output end of the first motor is connected with second gears 4 in meshing connection with the first gears 5, and the first motor drives the first gears 5 to rotate through the second gears 4; the synchronous belt 24 is arranged between the synchronous belt 24 wheels 22 to drive the plurality of lead screws 3 to rotate synchronously, thereby ensuring the consistency of the lifting action.

[0039] In addition, a tensioning wheel 23 is rotatably arranged on the vehicle body 1, the tensioning wheel 23 is used for extruding the synchronous belt 24 to make the included angle between the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 and the synchronous belt 24 greater than 120°, thereby ensuring the stable transmission of the synchronous belt 24, avoiding slipping and ensuring the synchronous rotation of the plurality of lead screws 3. The vehicle body 1 is composed of a flat-top remote control electric flat car and an L-shaped frame plate, the load of the flat-top remote control electric flat car is 1 to 100 tons, and a flat car with a suitable load can be selected according to the needs of the dredging scene to realize the intermittent movement of the device along the river channel and facilitate the comprehensive dredging of the bottom of the river channel.

[0040] 2. Dredging mechanism The dredging mechanism comprises a first cylinder 6, a second cylinder 16, a third cylinder 19, a scraper 7, a filter screen plate 17, a driving assembly, a feeding assembly and an adjusting assembly, and the specific structure is as follows: Cylinder and support plate connection: the two ends of the second cylinder 16 are connected with support plates 10; the support plates 10 are in rotational connection with the lead screw 3, the lead screw 3 drives the support plates 10 and the second cylinder 16 to lift when rotating, thereby adjusting the height of the entire dredging mechanism.

[0041] The driving assembly is connected with the first cylinder 6. The support plate 10 is provided with a driving assembly connected with the first cylinder 6, which is used to drive the first cylinder 6 to rotate. The first cylinder 6 is rotatably arranged outside the second cylinder 16 and can rotate around the axis of the second cylinder 16. The driving assembly comprises a second motor 21, a gear ring 9 and a third gear 25. The gear ring 9 is connected with the first cylinder 6 and rotates synchronously with the first cylinder 6. The second motor 21 is arranged on the support plate 10 and the output end is connected with the third gear 25. The third gear 25 is engaged with the gear ring 9. The second motor 21 drives the gear ring 9 to rotate through the third gear 25, thereby driving the first cylinder 6 to rotate. Preferably, the second motor 21 drives the third gear 25 to rotate counterclockwise intermittently, and the rotation angle is 1 / N (where N is the number of scrapers 7) each time, which ensures that each scraper 7 completes the silt scraping and moving action in turn and avoids overlapping interference.

[0042] The scraper structure and the adjusting assembly: the scraper 7 is provided with a plurality of and is circumferentially distributed on the surface of the first cylinder 6. A plurality of scrapers 7 work in turn to realize continuous dredging. The scraper 7 is slidably connected with the first cylinder 6, which facilitates the adjustment of the extension length of the scraper 7 and adapts to different water depths. Specifically, the surface of the first cylinder 6 is connected with a sliding rail plate. The back of the scraper 7 is connected with a second sliding block which is slidably connected with the sliding rail plate. The sliding rail plate and the second sliding block cooperate to ensure the stable sliding of the scraper 7. A plurality of water permeable holes are formed in the scraper 7, which can permeate the excess water in the scraped silt, reduce the water content of the silt and reduce the difficulty of subsequent treatment. A scraper 8 is slidably arranged in the scraper 7. One end of the scraper 8 is inclined. The inclined structure can avoid the blocking of the scraper 8 to the scraped silt. When the scraper 7 is inclined, the scraper 8 can slide under the action of gravity, push the silt to fall off and prevent the silt from remaining.

[0043] The adjusting assembly is arranged on the support plate 10 and connected with the scraper 7, which is used to adjust the extension length of the scraper 7 and adapt to different water depths of the river. The adjusting assembly comprises an annular plate 13, an adapter ring 12, a transmission rod 15 and an extension component 11. The annular plate 13 is sleeved outside the first cylinder 6 and can rotate around the axis of the first cylinder 6. One end of the transmission rod 15 is rotatably connected with the annular plate 13, and the other end is rotatably connected with the scraper 7. The adapter ring 12 is rotatably connected with the annular plate 13. The extension component 11 is arranged on the support plate 10 and connected with the adapter ring 12. The extension component 11 is a pneumatic cylinder. When the pneumatic cylinder extends and retracts, the adapter ring 12 moves, thereby pushing the annular plate 13 to move. The annular plate 13 drives the scraper 7 to slide along the sliding rail plate through the transmission rod 15, thereby adjusting the extension length of the scraper 7.

[0044] Opening and guiding filtration structure: The first cylinder 6 has a circumferentially distributed first opening 601, which is located between adjacent scraper buckets 7, for sludge to enter the second cylinder 16; the top of the second cylinder 16 has a second opening 1601, and when the first opening 601 is rotated to align with the second opening 1601, the sludge in the scraper bucket 7 can enter the second cylinder 16 through the two openings; the interior of the second cylinder 16 is connected to an inclined guide plate 18, which is used to guide the sludge to the filter screen plate 17; the filter screen plate 17 is connected to the guide plate 18 and is inclined, for filtering impurities such as stones and bricks in the sludge.

[0045] The guide plate 18 is equipped with a vibration motor, which drives the filter screen 17 to vibrate, accelerating the filtration of sludge and preventing sludge from clogging the filter screen 17. Furthermore, the filter screen 17 itself is elastic, and the vibration motor can drive it to vibrate at high frequency, further improving filtration efficiency. In addition, a detachable box is installed on the second cylinder 16 at the sludge discharge outlet. The box is used to collect sludge; it can be removed and replaced when full for convenient sludge transfer. If centralized collection is not required, the box can be removed, allowing the sludge to fall directly onto the riverbank.

[0046] Feeding assembly and third cylinder 19: The third cylinder 19 is connected inside the second cylinder 16 and is used to receive the filtered sludge; one end of the third cylinder 19 is open to facilitate sludge discharge; the feeding assembly is located inside the third cylinder 19 and is used to transport the sludge out of the third cylinder 19; the top of the third cylinder 19 has a third opening, through which the filtered sludge enters the third cylinder 19.

[0047] The feeding assembly includes a third motor 14, a spiral conveying blade 20, and a main shaft 26. The main shaft 26 is rotatably mounted inside the third cylinder 19. The third motor 14 is mounted on the third cylinder 19 and its output end is connected to the main shaft 26 to drive the main shaft 26 to rotate. The spiral conveying blade 20 is connected to the main shaft 26, and the main shaft 26 drives the spiral conveying blade 20 to rotate, pushing the sludge in the third cylinder 19 toward the open end for discharge, thus completing the sludge conveying.

[0048] Example 3 In another preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiments 1 and 2, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a dredging device for water conservancy projects, including a mobile lifting mechanism and a dredging mechanism. The specific structure and working process are as follows: 1. Structure of the mobile lifting mechanism The mobile lifting mechanism comprises a vehicle body 1, a box body 2, lead screws 3 and a first motor; the box body 2 is fixed on the top of the vehicle body 1, and a power supply and a counterweight are arranged in the box body 2; the power supply is a rechargeable lithium battery, and the counterweight is a concrete block, which ensures the balance of the vehicle body 1; the lead screws 3 are arranged at four corners of the vehicle body 1 and are in threaded connection with the vehicle body 1; the first motor is fixed on the vehicle body 1, and an output end of the first motor is connected with a second gear 4; the second gear 4 is in meshing connection with a first gear 5; the first gear 5 is fixed on both sides of synchronous belt 24 wheels 22; the synchronous belt 24 wheels 22 are sleeved on the lead screws 3; and a first sliding block on the inner side is in sliding connection with a sliding groove 301 of the lead screw 3; the four synchronous belt 24 wheels 22 are connected through a synchronous belt 24; a tension wheel 23 is arranged on the vehicle body 1 to press the synchronous belt 24, so that the synchronous belt 24 wheels 22 and the synchronous belt 24 form an angle of 150°, and the stable transmission is ensured.

[0049] The vehicle body 1 is composed of a 10-ton flat-top remote control electric flat car and an L-shaped frame plate; the remote control electric flat car can realize intermittent movement along the river channel, and the movement speed can be adjusted through a remote controller.

[0050] 2. Dredging mechanism structure The dredging mechanism comprises a first cylinder 6, a second cylinder 16, a third cylinder 19, a scraper 7, a filter screen plate 17, a driving assembly, a feeding assembly and an adjusting assembly: The second cylinder 16 is welded with support plates 10 at both ends; the support plates 10 are in rotary connection with the lead screws 3 through bearings; and the lead screws 3 drive the support plates 10 and the second cylinder 16 to lift when the lead screws 3 rotate; In the driving assembly, a second motor 21 is fixed on the support plate 10, and an output end of the second motor 21 is connected with a third gear 25; the third gear 25 is in meshing connection with a gear ring 9; the gear ring 9 is welded on the outer side of the first cylinder 6; and the first cylinder 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the second cylinder 16 through a bearing; The scraper 7 is arranged in eight numbers and is uniformly distributed on the surface of the first cylinder 6; a slide rail plate is welded on the surface of the first cylinder 6; a second sliding block is welded on the back of the scraper 7; and the second sliding block is in sliding connection with the slide rail plate; a water seepage hole with a diameter of 5 mm is arranged on the scraper 7; and an inclined scraper plate 8 is arranged in the scraper 7; and the inclined angle of the scraper plate 8 is 30°; In the adjusting assembly, an annular plate 13 is sleeved on the outer side of the first cylinder 6; transmission rods 15 are in rotary connection with the annular plate 13 and the scraper 7 through pin shafts at both ends; an adapter ring 12 is welded with the annular plate 13; an extension part 11 is selected from a pneumatic cylinder; the cylinder body of the pneumatic cylinder is fixed on the support plate 10; and the piston rod is hinged with the adapter ring 12; Eight first openings 601 are arranged on the first cylinder 6 and are located between adjacent scrapers 7; a second opening 1601 is arranged at the top of the second cylinder 16; an inclined guide plate 18 is welded in the second cylinder 16; the inclined angle of the guide plate 18 is 45°; the filter screen plate 17 is in bolt connection with the guide plate 18; the mesh diameter of the filter screen plate 17 is 10 mm; a vibrating motor is fixed on the guide plate 18, and the model of the vibrating motor is YZU-5-4. The third cylinder 19 is welded inside the second cylinder 16, and the top end is provided with a third opening, one end of which is open; in the feeding assembly, the third motor 14 is fixed to the closed end of the third cylinder 19, the output end is connected to the main shaft 26, the main shaft 26 is welded with the spiral conveying blade 20, and the main shaft 26 is rotationally connected to the third cylinder 19 through the bearing.

[0051] 3. Working process Step 1, moving positioning: through the remote control of the vehicle body 1, the device is moved to the side of the river channel to be dredged, and the scraper bucket 7 is aligned with the silt area of the river channel; Step 2, lifting adjustment: start the first motor, the first motor drives the second gear 4 to rotate, the second gear 4 drives the first gear 5 and the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 to rotate, the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 drives the four lead screws 3 to rotate synchronously, the lead screws 3 drive the supporting plate 10 and the second cylinder 16 to descend, so that the scraper bucket 7 is immersed in water, the first cylinder 6 and the second cylinder 16 are located above the water surface, and the first motor is turned off; Step 3, scraper distance adjustment: start the air cylinder, the air cylinder piston rod extends, pushes the adapter ring 12 and the annular plate 13 to move, the annular plate 13 pushes the scraper bucket 7 along the sliding rail plate through the transmission rod 15, until the scraper bucket 7 contacts the bottom of the river channel, and the air cylinder is turned off; Step 4, silt scraping: start the second motor 21, the second motor 21 drives the third gear 25 to rotate counterclockwise intermittently, each time by 45° (360° / 8), the third gear 25 drives the gear ring 9 and the first cylinder 6 to rotate, the first cylinder 6 drives the scraper bucket 7 to move in a circle, and the scraper bucket 7 scoops up the silt at the bottom of the river channel; at the same time, the vehicle body 1 is controlled to move intermittently along the river channel, the moving distance matches the scraping width of the scraper bucket 7, and overall scraping is realized; Step 5, silt transfer: when the first opening 601 beside the scraper bucket 7 rotates to be aligned with the second opening 1601, the scraper bucket 7 is inclined, the scraper plate 8 slides under the action of gravity, and pushes the silt to pass through the first opening 601 and the second opening 1601 into the second cylinder 16; Step 6, silt filtering: the silt falls on the filter screen plate 17, the vibration motor is started, the filter screen plate 17 vibrates at high frequency, the silt passes through the filter screen plate 17, and the impurities slide along the filter screen plate 17 to the river channel; Step 7, silt conveying: the filtered silt enters the third cylinder 19 through the third opening, the third motor 14 is started, the third motor 14 drives the main shaft 26 and the spiral conveying blade 20 to rotate, and the silt is conveyed out of the third cylinder 19 and falls on the river bank; Step 8, cyclic operation: the scraper bucket 7 continues to rotate, and before entering the water again, the scraper plate 8 slides back to the initial position under the action of gravity, and the above-mentioned scraping, transferring, filtering and conveying steps are repeated until the dredging of the area is completed.

[0052] Example 4 In another preferred embodiment, based on embodiment 3, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the number of scrapers 7 is 6, the second motor 21 drives the third gear 25 to rotate 60° (360° / 6) each time; the mesh diameter of the filter screen plate 17 is 8 mm; the vehicle body 1 selects a flat top remote control electric flat car with a load of 50 tons, which is suitable for large river dredging scenes. The rest of the structure and working process is the same as that of embodiment 2, and the functions of synchronous scraping and recycling of sludge and impurity filtering can be realized, which meets the different needs of river dredging.

[0053] Embodiment 5 In another preferred embodiment, based on embodiments 1, 2, and 3, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , this embodiment provides a water conservancy engineering dredging device suitable for shallow water dredging. According to the characteristics of shallow water (water depth 0.5-1.5 m) and small impurity particles, the key components are optimized and designed, and the specific structure and parameters are as follows: 1. Optimization of mobile lifting mechanism Vehicle body 1: Select a small flat top remote control electric flat car (model: KPX-5) with a load of 5 tons, and the car body width is reduced to 1.2 m, which is suitable for narrow operation space on the shore of shallow water; The flat car wheels are made of anti-skid rubber material, and the surface is provided with diamond patterns to avoid slipping when moving on the wet and slippery shore.

[0054] Screw rod 3: The number is reduced to 2, which is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vehicle body 1, the diameter of the screw rod 3 is reduced from the original 80 mm to 50 mm, and the length is shortened to 1.8 m; The width of the sliding groove 301 is adjusted from 15 mm to 10 mm, and the gap between the first sliding block and the sliding groove 301 is controlled within 0.5 mm, so that the screw rod 3 does not shake radially during lifting.

[0055] Box body 2: The counterweight inside is made of cast iron material, and the weight is reduced from the original 50 kg to 20 kg to avoid sinking the ground when the vehicle body 1 is working on the shore of shallow water; The power supply selects a 12V / 100Ah lead-acid storage battery, which cooperates with a low-voltage protection module to prolong the single operation endurance time to 8 hours.

[0056] 2. Optimization of dredging mechanism Scraper 7: The number is reduced to 4, and the volume of each scraper 7 is reduced from the original 2L to 0.8L, and the mouth width is adjusted from 150mm to 100mm; The diameter of the water seepage hole at the bottom of the scraper 7 is reduced from 5mm to 3mm to reduce the caking of sludge caused by too fast water loss in shallow water; The scraper plate 8 is made of ABS engineering plastic material with a thickness of 3mm, and the inclination angle is increased to 45° to improve the pushing efficiency of thin layer sludge in shallow water.

[0057] Filter screen plate 17: the mesh diameter is reduced from 10 mm to 5 mm, which is suitable for the characteristics of small particles of impurities (mostly fine sand and small stones) in shallow water; the material of the filter screen plate 17 is changed to 304 stainless steel, with a thickness of 1.5 mm, and the surface is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating to reduce mud adhesion.

[0058] Feeding assembly: the diameter of the third cylinder 19 is reduced from 120 mm to 80 mm, and the length is shortened to 600 mm; the pitch of the spiral conveying blade 20 is adjusted from 50 mm to 30 mm, the blade thickness is 2 mm, and the integrated injection molding process is adopted to reduce the residue of mud in the blade gap; the third motor 14 selects a direct current speed reducer motor (model: 60YYJ), with a power of 120 W and a adjustable speed (50-150 r / min), which is suitable for the conveying needs of low mud volume in shallow water.

[0059] Adjusting assembly: the telescopic part 11 is changed from the original air cylinder to an electric push rod (model: XTL100), with a stroke of 50-200 mm and a push rod speed of 5 mm / s, which is controlled by pulse width modulation (PWM) to realize fine adjustment of the extension length of the scraper 7, with a minimum adjustment accuracy of 1 mm, which is suitable for the subtle differences of different water depths in shallow water.

[0060] This embodiment is suitable for shallow water and has the following core advantages: 1. The vehicle body 1 is small in size and light in weight, which is suitable for the narrow and weak bearing capacity of the working environment on the shore of shallow water; 2. The sizes of the scraper 7 and the third cylinder 19 are reduced, which reduces the water resistance of the device in shallow water and reduces energy consumption; 3. The mesh of the filter screen plate 17 is reduced, and the angle of the scraper 8 is optimized, which improves the filtering effect of fine particle impurities and the cleaning efficiency of thin layer of mud in shallow water; 4. The electric push rod has high adjustment accuracy, which can accurately control the contact depth of the scraper 7 with the river bottom, and avoid scratching the ecological mud on the river bottom in shallow water.

[0061] Embodiment 6 In another preferred embodiment, based on embodiment 5, this embodiment provides a water conservancy engineering dredging device suitable for dredging in shallow water, which is suitable for small landscape river dredging (water depth 0.5-1.5 m, mud thickness 0.2-0.4 m), and the specific details are as follows: 1. Device parameter selection Vehicle body 1: a flat-top remote control electric flat car (model: KPX-5) with a load of 5 tons is selected, and the L-shaped frame plate width is 1.2 m, which is suitable for the narrow shore of the landscape river; Lead screw 3: two are set, with a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 1.8 m, to ensure that the dredging mechanism can be lowered to a water depth of 1.5 m; Scraper 7: 4 sets are provided, single volume 0.8L, water seepage hole diameter 3mm, scraper 8 inclination angle 45°, suitable for thin layer of silt scraping; Filter screen plate 17: mesh diameter 5mm, suitable for filtering fine sand, small stones and other impurities in landscape river; Telescopic part 11: air cylinder with stroke 50~200mm is selected, minimum adjustment accuracy 1mm, accurately control the extension length of scraper 7.

[0062] 2. Dredging operation process Step 1, moving positioning: control the vehicle body 1 to move to the landscape river section to be dredged by the remote control, so that the scraper 7 is aligned with the silt area, and the vehicle body 1 is kept 0.5m away from the shore to avoid sinking the lawn on the shore; Step 2, lifting adjustment: start the first motor, rotate the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 through the second gear 4 and the first gear 5, and synchronously lower the lead screw 3, so that the scraper 7 is immersed in the water, and the first cylinder 6 and the second cylinder 16 are located above the water surface. Turn off the first motor; Step 3, scraper adjustment: start the air cylinder, push the ring plate 13 and the transmission rod 15, so that the scraper 7 extends along the sliding rail plate until the scraper 7 contacts the silt at the bottom of the river (contact pressure is set to 30N through the vehicle body 1 pressure sensor feedback to avoid scratching the ecological silt at the bottom of the river), and turn off the air cylinder; Step 4, silt scraping: start the second motor 21 to drive the third gear 25 to rotate counterclockwise intermittently (each rotation is 90°, and the stop time is 2s), and the first cylinder 6 drives the scraper 7 to move in a circle to shovel the silt; At the same time, control the vehicle body 1 to move intermittently along the river (each movement is 1m), so as to realize overall scraping; Step 5, silt transfer and filtration: when the first opening 601 and the second opening 1601 are connected, the scraper 7 is inclined, the scraper 8 pushes the silt into the second cylinder 16, and the silt falls on the filter screen plate 17 through the guide plate 18; Start the vibration motor (frequency 50Hz), the filter screen plate 17 vibrates at high frequency, the silt passes through the filter screen plate 17, and the impurities slide down along the filter screen plate 17; Step 6, silt recovery: the filtered silt enters the third cylinder 19 through the third opening, and the third motor 14 (rotation speed 80r / min) is started. The spiral conveying blade 20 conveys the silt to the open end and falls into the detachable box body; After the box body is full, it is replaced, and the silt recovery is completed; Step 7, cyclic operation: the scraper 7 continues to rotate, the scraper 8 is reset before entering the water again, and steps 4~6 are repeated until the dredging of the river section is completed.

[0063] Example 7 In another preferred embodiment, on the basis of example 6, the present embodiment provides a water conservancy engineering dredging device, which is suitable for large main river dredging (water depth 2~4m, silt thickness 0.5~1m), and the specific implementation is as follows: 1. Device parameter selection Vehicle body 1: Select a flat top remote control electric flat car (model: KPX-50) with a load of 50 tons, L-shaped frame plate width 2m, suitable for main river channel bank load bearing requirements; Lead screw 3: 4 are set, diameter 80mm, length 4.5m, to ensure that the dredging mechanism can be lowered to a water depth of 4m; Scooper 7: 8 are set, single volume 2L, water seepage hole diameter 5mm, scraper 8 inclination angle 30°, suitable for thick layer of silt scraping; Filter screen plate 17: mesh diameter 10mm, suitable for filtering larger impurities such as stones and bricks in the main river channel; Telescopic part 11: Select a cylinder with a stroke of 100~300mm, a thrust of 1000N, to meet the force requirement when scraping thick layer of silt.

[0064] 2. Dredging operation process Step 1, move and position: control the vehicle body 1 to move to the main river channel dredging point through the remote control, keep the vehicle body 1 1m away from the bank to avoid being affected by the water flow; Step 2, adjust the lifting: start the first motor, the lead screw 3 is lowered synchronously, the scooper 7 is immersed to a water depth of 4m, and the first motor is turned off; Step 3, adjust the scooper: start the cylinder, extend the scooper 7 to contact the bottom silt (contact pressure is set to 80N), and close the cylinder; Step 4, silt scraping: start the second motor 21, the third gear 25 rotates 45° each time, stays for 3s, and the scooper 7 scoops thick layer of silt; the vehicle body 1 moves 1.5m each time to ensure that there is no omission; Step 5, silt transfer and filtration: the vibration motor frequency is adjusted to 60Hz to accelerate the filtration of thick layer of silt and avoid the blockage of the filter screen plate 17; Step 6, silt recovery: the third motor 14 rotates at a speed of 120r / min to improve the silt conveying efficiency, and the silt falls into the shore transfer vehicle (replace the box body, suitable for large amount of silt recovery) through the open end; Step 7, cyclic operation: repeat steps 4~6 until the dredging of the river channel is completed, disassemble the box body (or clean the transfer vehicle) after operation, flush the filter screen plate 17 and the scooper 7, and check the state of each part to prepare for the next operation.

[0065] The embodiments of the present application are not limited to the above examples, and the following adjustments can be made without departing from the core idea of the application: 1. Component material optimization, such as replacing the materials of the scooper 7, the third cylinder 19 and the spiral conveying blade 20 with corrosion-resistant stainless steel (such as 316L) to adapt to the dredging of saline-alkali land river channels and improve the service life of the device; 2. Motor type adjustment: Replace the first motor and the second motor 21 with waterproof motors (protection level IP68) to adapt to river channels with large water level fluctuations and avoid motor damage due to water ingress; 3. Improved recycling method: Connect a hose to the open end of the third cylinder 19 to directly transport the sludge to shore treatment equipment (such as a sludge dewatering machine), achieving integrated dredging and dewatering operations and further reducing subsequent processing steps.

[0066] 4. Adjustment of other parameters: such as the number of scrapers 7, the aperture of the filter screen 17, the load capacity of the vehicle body 1, etc. The purpose is to adapt to different river dredging scenarios and improve the practicality and flexibility of the device.

[0067] Example 8 In another preferred embodiment, based on examples 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a dredging method based on the above-mentioned water conservancy engineering dredging device, which comprises the following steps: Step 1, moving and positioning: move the water conservancy engineering dredging device to the water conservancy engineering site where dredging operations are needed, move the device to the target position through the universal wheels at the bottom of the vehicle body 1, then press the brake to fix the device. Through the movement function of the vehicle body 1, combined with the actual situation on site, fine-tune the device position to ensure accurate positioning of the device directly above the target dredging area.

[0068] Step 2, lifting adjustment: according to the sludge depth of the target dredging area, control the speed and direction of the first motor 3 and start the first motor 3. The first motor 3 drives the screw rod 2 to rotate, and the screw rod 2 drives the lifting plate 4 to move up and down. By accurately controlling the number of rotations of the first motor 3, the height of the lifting plate 4 is adjusted, and the overall height of the first cylinder 5 and the dredging mechanism is adjusted, so that the scraper 6 can contact the sludge surface and maintain appropriate pressure to ensure the effect of scraping sludge.

[0069] Step 3, sludge scraping: start the second motor 7, the second motor 7 drives the scraper 6 to rotate and scrape sludge through the meshing relationship between the first gear 8 and the second gear 9. During the rotation process, the scraper 6 continuously scrapes sludge and brings it into the first cylinder 5. At the same time, adjust the distance between the scraper 6 and the sludge as needed, start the third motor 10, and the third motor 10 adjusts the extension length of the scraper 6 through the meshing relationship between the third gear 2511 and the rack 12. By accurately controlling the rotation of the third motor 10, the scraper 6 always maintains the best contact distance with the sludge to improve the scraping effect.

[0070] Step 4, filter processing: the sludge scraped up enters the inside of the second cylinder 13 through the communication port, and under the action of gravity, the sludge falls on the filter screen plate 14. The filter screen plate 14 filters the sludge to remove impurities such as stones and branches. The relatively pure sludge after filtration falls into the bottom of the second cylinder 13 through the pores of the filter screen plate 14.

[0071] Step 5, sludge recycling: start the fourth motor 15, and the fourth motor 15 drives the spiral conveying rod 16 to rotate. During the rotation, the spiral conveying rod 16 conveys the sludge at the bottom of the second cylinder 13 to a designated location, such as a sludge collection vehicle or a sludge treatment pool, for recycling. After completing the entire dredging process, turn off all motors and move the device out of the dredging site.

[0072] Example 9 In another preferred embodiment, based on example 8, this embodiment provides a dredging method based on the above-mentioned water conservancy dredging device. For urban landscape river (typical characteristics: water depth 1~2m, river width 3~5m, sludge thickness 0.2~0.5m, impurities mainly fallen leaves, plastic debris, small stones), a complete dredging operation method is provided, which is realized based on the above-mentioned water conservancy dredging device, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: preparation before operation and device debugging Step 1.1, site survey: use an ultrasonic depth finder (model: HX-SD200) to measure the water depth and sludge thickness of each section of the river, mark the positions of obstacles (such as underwater pipelines and stone piers), and determine the dredging operation route (push along the river bank to the center, single operation width 1.2m); Step 1.2, device inspection: check the tire pressure and brake performance of the vehicle body 1; test whether the screw rod 3 lifts smoothly and whether the tension of the synchronous belt 24 is appropriate (adjust through the tensioning wheel 23 to ensure that the angle of the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 is 130°); start the second motor 21 and the third motor 14, and check whether the rotation of the first cylinder 6 and the rotation of the spiral conveying blade 20 are stable and whether there is any abnormal noise; Step 1.3, parameter setting: according to the survey results, set the intermittent movement distance of the vehicle body 1 (1m / time), the rotation angle of the second motor 21 (90° / time, corresponding to 4 buckets 7), the rotation speed of the third motor 14 (80r / min), and the stroke of the electric push rod (120mm, suitable for 1.5m water depth) through the remote controller.

[0073] Step 2: segmented dredging operation Step 2.1, initial positioning: control the vehicle body 1 to move to the starting operation point of the river through the remote controller, so that the bucket 7 is aligned with the sludge area on the river bank, and the vehicle body 1 maintains a distance of 0.5m from the river bank to avoid the wheels sinking into the soil on the river bank; Step 2.2, lifting and adjusting the scraper bucket: start the first motor to drive the screw rod 3 to descend, slowly immerse the scraper bucket 7 in the water until the bucket mouth of the scraper bucket 7 touches the silt at the bottom of the river channel (feedback through the pressure sensor on the vehicle body 1, the contact pressure is set to 50N to avoid crushing the vegetation at the bottom of the river channel); start the electric push rod to extend the scraper bucket 7 to the set stroke of 120mm, turn off the first motor and the electric push rod; Step 2.3, cyclic dredging (single operation section): Start the second motor 21 to drive the first cylinder 6 to rotate counterclockwise intermittently (each rotation is 90°, and the stay is 2s), and the scraper bucket 7 successively scoops the silt at the bottom of the river channel; at the same time, start the vibration motor (frequency 50Hz) to prepare for subsequent silt filtration; When the scraper bucket 7 rotates with the first cylinder 6 to the top, the first opening 601 is aligned with the second opening 1601, and the scraper plate 8 slides under the action of gravity to push the silt into the second cylinder 16, and the silt slides through the guide plate 18 to the filter screen plate 17, and the impurities (fallen leaves, small stones) are filtered out and slide along the filter screen plate 17 to the outside of the river channel (more than 1.5m away from the silt recovery point), and the filtered silt enters the third cylinder 19 through the third opening; Start the third motor 14, and the spiral conveying blade 20 conveys the silt to the open end of the third cylinder 19, and falls into the pre-placed collection box (volume 50L), and after the collection box is full, the operation is paused to replace the empty box; After the single operation section (1m width) is completed, start the vehicle body 1 to move along the river channel by 1m, and repeat the above dredging action until the dredging of the current shore side is completed; Step 2.4, dredging of the central area of the river channel: after the shore side (width 1.2m) is dredged, adjust the position of the vehicle body 1 to 0.8m inside the river channel, and repeat steps 2-3 until the entire river channel cross section is dredged; during this period, if an obstacle (such as an underwater pipeline) is encountered, the operation is paused through the remote controller, and the vehicle body 1 is adjusted to bypass the obstacle and continue.

[0074] Step 3: post-operation processing and device maintenance Step 3.1, silt transfer: transfer the silt in the collection box to the designated processing point (such as a silt drying field) to avoid secondary pollution of the river channel by the silt; Step 3.2, device cleaning: use a high-pressure water gun (pressure 0.8MPa) to flush the scraper bucket 7, filter screen plate 17, third cylinder 19 and other components to remove residual silt; apply lubricating grease (type: lithium-based lubricating grease 3#) to the transmission components such as the screw rod 3 and the synchronous belt 24; Step 3.3, equipment inspection: check whether the filter screen plate 17 is damaged and whether the push rod of the electric push rod is bent, and replace them in time if there is a fault; empty the power remaining and charge for the next operation.

[0075] The embodiment is directed to a method for dredging urban landscape river, which has the following technical advantages 1. Subsection operation route design, avoiding damage to landscape river bank vegetation and facilities during dredging; 2. Pressure sensor controls the contact pressure of the scraper 7, protecting the ecological bottom mud and aquatic habitat at the bottom of the river; 3. Intermittent movement and precise parameter setting to improve dredging uniformity and avoid missed cleaning areas; 4. Cleaning and maintenance steps after operation to prolong the service life of the device and ensure the reliability of the next operation.

[0076] In the preferred scheme, the vehicle body 1 includes a flat top remote control electric flat car and an L-shaped frame plate, and the load range of the flat top remote control electric flat car is 1-100 tons. The above settings can meet the transportation needs of goods of different weights, and the unique design of the L-shaped frame plate can realize stable placement of goods during transportation, effectively prevent goods from falling, and improve transportation safety and reliability.

[0077] In the preferred scheme, the box body 2 is internally provided with a power supply and a counterweight; the power supply can stably power the various electronic components in the box body, ensuring normal operation of the equipment; the counterweight can adjust the center of gravity of the box body, making it more stable, reducing shaking or displacement caused by external forces, and improving overall performance and safety.

[0078] In the preferred scheme, the surface of the lead screw 3 is provided with a sliding groove 301; the vehicle body 1 is rotatably provided with a synchronous belt 24 wheel 22, the upper and lower sides of the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 are provided with first gears 5, and the lead screw 3 penetrates the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 and the first gears 5; the inner sides of the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 and the first gears 5 are provided with first sliding blocks in sliding connection with the sliding grooves 301; the output end of the first motor is connected with a second gear 4 engaged with the first gears 5; the synchronous belt 24 wheels 22 are connected by a synchronous belt 24; the above settings can make the first motor drive the second gear to rotate, drive the first gear to rotate, and the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 rotates with the first gear through the first sliding block and the sliding groove, and then transmits power through the synchronous belt 24 to realize the coordinated operation of each component and ensure the stable operation of the device.

[0079] In the preferred scheme, the vehicle body 1 is rotatably provided with a tensioning wheel 23, which is used to extrude the synchronous belt 24, so that the included angle between the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22 and the synchronous belt 24 is greater than 120°; the above settings can effectively increase the contact area between the synchronous belt 24 and the synchronous belt 24 wheel 22, improve the transmission efficiency, and reduce the slipping phenomenon; at the same time, the tensioning wheel 23 can automatically adjust according to the tightness of the synchronous belt 24, ensuring the stable operation of the transmission system and prolonging its service life.

[0080] In the preferred scheme, the surface of the first barrel 6 is provided with a sliding rail plate, and the back of the scraper bucket 7 is connected with a second sliding block in sliding connection with the sliding rail plate; a plurality of water permeation holes are formed in the scraper bucket 7; a scraper plate 8 is slidably arranged in the scraper bucket 7, and one end of the scraper plate 8 is arranged in an inclined manner; the above arrangement enables the scraper bucket to move flexibly along the sliding rail plate, the water permeation holes allow excess water to permeate out to avoid water accumulation, and the inclined end of the scraper plate can better adhere to the inner wall of the barrel to effectively scrape off residues, improve the cleaning efficiency, and ensure that the equipment interior is clean and tidy.

[0081] In the preferred scheme, the driving assembly includes a gear ring 9 installed in the first barrel 6, the gear ring 9 is in meshing connection with a third gear 25, the third gear 25 is arranged at the output end of a second motor 21, and the second motor is installed on a support plate 10; the above arrangement enables the second motor 21 to drive the gear ring 9 to rotate through the third gear 25 when the second motor 21 is started, thereby driving the components connected with the first barrel 6 to operate, achieving stable and precise power transmission, and meeting the requirements for power and motion control under different working conditions.

[0082] In the preferred scheme, the second motor 21 drives the third gear 25 to rotate counterclockwise intermittently, and the rotation angle of the third gear 25 each time is the inverse of the number of scraper buckets 7, that is, the number of scraper buckets 7 is N, and the rotation angle of the third gear 25 each time is 1 / N; the above arrangement enables the scraper buckets 7 to sequentially, accurately and uniformly receive materials, avoids the situation that some scraper buckets are excessively loaded or idle, ensures the balanced work load of each scraper bucket, improves the overall scraping efficiency and stability, and ensures the smooth and orderly material transmission process.

[0083] In the preferred scheme, the adjusting assembly includes an annular plate 13 sleeved on the outer side of the first barrel 6; the annular plate 13 is in rotary connection with one end of a transmission rod 15; the other end of the transmission rod 15 is in rotary connection with the scraper bucket 7; the annular plate 13 is internally rotatably connected with an adapter ring 12; the adapter ring 12 is connected and installed on a telescopic component 11 on the support plate 10, and the telescopic component 11 is a pneumatic cylinder; the above arrangement enables the pneumatic cylinder to drive the adapter ring 12 to rotate when the pneumatic cylinder is extended or retracted, thereby causing the annular plate 13 to displace, accurately controlling the position and angle of the scraper bucket 7 through the linkage action of the transmission rod 15, achieving flexible adjustment, and meeting the requirements for different working conditions.

[0084] In the preferred scheme, the first barrel 6 is installed in the second barrel 16, a second opening 1601 is formed at the top end of the second barrel 16, a first opening 601 is formed on the circumference of the first barrel 6, and the second opening 1601 is in communication with the first opening 601; the above arrangement forms a smooth channel between the second barrel 16 and the first barrel 6, facilitating the flow and interaction of substances between the two barrels; when needed, substances can smoothly enter and exit through the second opening 1601 and the first opening 601, greatly improving the flexibility and functionality of the overall structure during use.

[0085] In the preferred scheme, the second barrel 16 is detachably provided with a box body at the sludge discharge outlet, and the box body is used for recycling sludge; the above arrangement can facilitate the staff to collect and process the discharged sludge, so as to avoid environmental pollution caused by the scattering of sludge. Meanwhile, the detachable design facilitates the cleaning and replacement of the box body, improves the work efficiency, and ensures the continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0086] In the preferred scheme, the third barrel 19 is provided with a third opening at the top end, and a feeding assembly is installed in the third opening, the feeding assembly comprising a main shaft 26 rotatably installed in the third barrel 19, and the main shaft 26 being connected with the output end of the third motor 14 and a spiral conveying blade 20; one end of the third barrel 19 is in an open state; the above arrangement enables the main shaft 26 to rotate when the third motor 14 is started, thereby driving the spiral conveying blade 20 to rotate; after the material enters from the third opening, it will be conveyed along the inside of the third barrel 19 to the open end by the spiral conveying blade 20, thereby realizing stable feeding.

[0087] In the preferred scheme, the guide plate 18 is provided with a vibration motor, and the vibration motor is used for driving the filter screen plate 17 to vibrate and accelerating the filtration of sludge; the above arrangement can effectively prevent the filter screen plate from being blocked by sludge and improve the filtration efficiency. Meanwhile, the vibration motor can adjust the vibration frequency according to the viscosity of the sludge, so as to ensure the best filtration effect under different working conditions and ensure the stable operation of the equipment.

[0088] In the preferred scheme, the filter screen plate 17 itself is elastic, and the vibration motor drives the filter screen plate 17 to vibrate at a high frequency; the above arrangement can make the impurities attached to the filter screen plate 17 fall off due to high-frequency vibration, effectively prevent the filter screen from being blocked, ensure the smooth filtration, improve the filtration efficiency, and at the same time, the elastic filter screen plate 17 can also buffer the vibration impact and prolong the service life of the equipment.

[0089] In the preferred scheme, in step 7, the impurities such as stones filtered out have a certain kinetic energy during the rolling process along the filter screen plate 17, and the falling point position of the impurities on the river channel is much larger than that of the sludge, so as to avoid the impurities falling on the recycled sludge; the above arrangement can effectively separate the impurities such as stones from the sludge, ensure the purity of the recycled sludge, improve the subsequent processing efficiency and quality, and at the same time, reduce the interference of the impurities on the utilization of the recycled sludge, so that the sludge resources can be more efficiently and reasonably developed and applied.

[0090] In summary, the water conservancy project dredging device and method provided by the application effectively solves the technical problems of low efficiency, complex operation and lack of effective silt impurity removal function in water conservancy project dredging operation. Specifically, in view of the problems that the silt scraper and the collection cannot be synchronized in the prior art, a complex transmission structure is needed, and the silt impurity removal function is not provided, the application provides a water conservancy project dredging device and method which can simultaneously scrape, recycle and has high-efficiency impurity removal function, and successfully overcomes the limitations in the prior art.

[0091] The device of the application is provided with a unique adjusting assembly. Through the cooperation of the third motor 10, the third gear 2511 and the rack 12 on the scraper bucket 6, the extension length of the scraper bucket 6 can be accurately adjusted to adapt to the silt cleaning requirements of different depths. This design that can flexibly adjust the distance between the scraper bucket 6 and the silt is relatively rare in existing dredging devices. The bottom of the vehicle body 1 of the mobile lifting mechanism in the device is provided with a universal wheel with a brake, which facilitates the movement and positioning of the device, and can fine-tune the position according to the site conditions. Compared with the traditional fixed or inconveniently mobile dredging device, this design improves the flexibility and convenience of the use of the device. In the dredging method, in the lifting adjustment step, the height of the lifting plate 4 is adjusted by accurately controlling the number of revolutions of the first motor 3, and then the overall height of the dredging mechanism is accurately controlled, so that the scraper bucket 6 and the silt surface maintain appropriate pressure. This accurate control method has a technical advantage in the existing dredging method.

[0092] The application organically combines the mobile lifting mechanism and the dredging mechanism. Through the mobile lifting mechanism, the device is flexibly moved and the height is adjusted. Then, the driving assembly (the second motor 7, the first gear 8, the second gear 9, etc.) and the adjusting assembly in the dredging mechanism work cooperatively to form a complete and efficient dredging system. This systematic design significantly improves the dredging efficiency and quality in the field of water conservancy engineering dredging. In the dredging mechanism, multiple scraper buckets 6 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first cylinder 5 and the openings are directed in the same direction. Combined with the driving of the driving assembly, continuous and efficient silt scraping is realized. At the same time, the adjusting assembly can adjust the position of the scraper bucket 6 according to the actual situation. This structural design effectively solves the problem of discontinuous silt scraping and poor adaptability of the traditional dredging device. The dredging method in this scheme not only covers the conventional steps of device movement and positioning, lifting adjustment, silt scraping, etc., but also innovatively adds the steps of filtering and silt recycling. The impurities are filtered through the filter screen 14, and then the pure silt is transported to the designated position for recycling by using the spiral conveying rod 16, forming a complete dredging and recycling process, which has made significant progress in the method of water conservancy engineering dredging.

Claims

1. A dredging device for water conservancy projects, characterized in that: The system includes a mobile lifting mechanism and a dredging mechanism. The mobile lifting mechanism includes a vehicle body (1), on which a box body (2) is mounted. The vehicle body (1) is connected to several lead screws (3) via threads. The lead screws (3) are connected to a first motor, which is mounted on the vehicle body (1). The dredging mechanism includes a second cylinder (16), with support plates (10) connected to both ends of the second cylinder (16). The support plates (10) are rotatably connected to the lead screws (3), and the support plates (10) are equipped with components connected to the first cylinder (6). The drive assembly and the support plate (10) are also equipped with an adjustment assembly; the first cylinder (6) is rotatably set outside the second cylinder (16), and several scrapers (7) are evenly distributed and slidably installed on the outer periphery of the first cylinder (6). The adjustment assembly is connected to the scrapers (7). The second cylinder (16) is equipped with a third cylinder (19), and the third cylinder (19) is equipped with a feeding assembly. The second cylinder (16) is equipped with an inclined guide plate (18), and the guide plate (18) is connected to an inclined filter plate (17).

2. The dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box (2) is equipped with a power supply and a counterweight.

3. The dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the lead screw (3) is provided with a sliding groove (301); a synchronous pulley (22) is rotatably provided on the vehicle body (1), and a first gear (5) is installed on the upper and lower sides of the synchronous pulley (22). The lead screw (3) passes through the synchronous pulley (22) and the first gear (5); a first slider is provided on the inner side of the synchronous pulley (22) and the first gear (5) and is slidably connected to the sliding groove (301); the output end of the first motor is connected to a second gear (4) that meshes with the first gear (5); the synchronous pulleys are connected to each other by a synchronous belt.

4. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vehicle body (1) includes a flat-top remote-controlled electric flatbed and an L-shaped frame. A tensioning wheel (23) is rotatably mounted on the vehicle body (1). The tensioning wheel (23) is used to squeeze the synchronous belt (24) so ​​that the wrap angle between the synchronous belt pulley (22) and the synchronous belt (24) is greater than 120°.

5. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cylinder (6) is equipped with a slide rail plate, and the back of the scraper bucket (7) is connected to a second slider that is slidably connected to the slide rail plate; the scraper bucket (7) is provided with several water seepage holes; a scraper (8) is slidably arranged inside the scraper bucket (7), and one end of the scraper (8) is inclined.

6. The dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a gear ring (9), which is installed inside the first cylinder (6). The gear ring (9) meshes with a third gear (25), which is located at the output end of a second motor (21). The second motor is installed on a support plate (10).

7. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second motor (21) drives the third gear (25) to rotate counterclockwise intermittently, and the rotation angle each time is the reciprocal of the number of scrapers (7).

8. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes an annular plate (13), which is fitted on the outside of the first cylinder (6); one end of the annular plate (13) is rotatably connected to the transmission rod (15); the other end of the transmission rod (15) is rotatably connected to the scraper (7); a transition ring (12) is rotatably connected inside the annular plate (13); the transition ring (12) is connected to a telescopic component (11) installed on the support plate (10), and the telescopic component (11) is a cylinder.

9. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cylinder (16) is equipped with a first cylinder (6). The top of the second cylinder (16) has a second opening (1601). The first opening (601) is opened on the circumference of the first cylinder (6). The second opening (1601) is connected to the first opening (601).

10. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cylinder (16) is detachably equipped with a box at the sludge discharge outlet, which is used to recycle sludge.

11. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third cylinder (19) has a third opening at the top, and a feeding assembly is installed inside it. The feeding assembly includes a main shaft (26), which is rotatably installed inside the third cylinder (19). The main shaft (26) is connected to the output end of the third motor (14) and the spiral conveying blade (20). One end of the third cylinder (19) is open.

12. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (18) is equipped with a vibration motor, which is used to drive the filter screen plate (17) to vibrate and accelerate the filtration of sludge.

13. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 12, characterized in that: The filter plate (17) itself is elastic, and the vibration motor drives the filter plate (17) to vibrate at high frequency.

14. A method for dredging silt in water conservancy projects, based on a silt dredging device for water conservancy projects as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Move and position the entire dredging device to the designated location next to the river channel to be dredged using the vehicle body (1); Step 2: Lifting and adjusting, start the first motor, the first motor drives the second gear (4) to rotate, the second gear (4) drives the first gear (5) to rotate, the first gear (5) drives the synchronous pulley (22) to rotate, the synchronous pulley (22) drives the screw (3) to rotate, and then the screw (3) drives the second cylinder (16) to descend, so that the scraper (7) is submerged in the water, and other structures including the first cylinder (6) are located above the water surface; Step 3: Adjust the distance of the scraper bucket (7), open the telescopic component (11), the telescopic component (11) drives the annular plate (13) to move toward the scraper bucket (7), the annular plate (13) drives one end of the transmission rod (15) to move, and the other end of the transmission rod (15) pushes the scraper bucket (7) to move along the slide rail until the scraper bucket (7) contacts the bottom of the river channel, and close the telescopic component (11). Step 4: Sludge scraping. Turn on the second motor (21). The second motor (21) drives the third gear (25) to rotate counterclockwise intermittently. The third gear (25) drives the gear ring (9) to rotate. The gear ring (9) drives the first cylinder (6) to rotate. The first cylinder (6) drives the scraper bucket (7) to make a circular motion. The scraper bucket (7) scoops up the sludge at the bottom of the river during the circular motion. At the same time, the vehicle body (1) drives the entire dredging device to move intermittently along the river to achieve comprehensive scraping of the sludge at the bottom of the river. Step 5: The sludge is transported to the filtration mechanism. As the scraper bucket (7) moves in a circular motion, when the first opening (601) next to the scraper bucket (7) rotates to coincide with the second opening (1601) on the second cylinder (16), the scraper bucket (7) is in an inclined state. The scraper (8) on the inner side of the scraper bucket (7) slides along the inner wall of the scraper bucket (7) under its own gravity, pushing the sludge on the inner side of the scraper bucket (7) to fall off. The sludge passes through the first opening (601) and the second opening (1601) and enters the inner side of the second cylinder (16). Step 6: Sludge filtration. The sludge entering the second cylinder (16) falls onto the inclined filter screen plate (17). Start the vibration motor. The vibration motor drives the filter screen plate (17) to vibrate at high frequency, accelerating the sludge to pass through the filter screen plate (17). Stones and other impurities in the sludge are filtered out. The filtered impurities slide down the filter screen plate (17) onto the river. Step 7: Sludge conveying and recycling. The filtered sludge passes through the third opening and enters the third cylinder (19). The third motor (14) is started. The third motor (14) drives the main shaft (26) to rotate. The main shaft (26) drives the spiral conveying blades (20) to rotate. The spiral conveying blades (20) transport the sludge inside the third cylinder (19) out of the third cylinder (19) and onto the river channel, thus completing the sludge recycling. Step 8: Cyclic operation. As the scraper bucket (7) continues to make circular motion, before the scraper bucket (7) rotates into the water again to scrape the silt, the scraper bucket (7) is in an inclined state, and the scraper (8) slides to the end of the scraper bucket (7) away from the second opening (1601) under its own gravity. Repeat steps 4 to 7 to achieve continuous removal of silt at the bottom of the river.

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