Strip mine slope water guiding method

Abstract

The method comprises the steps that a drainage ditch is formed in the upper surface of a step slope of the strip mine in the circumferential direction of the strip mine, the drainage ditch has an inclination angle in the horizontal direction, and the lowest point of the drainage ditch in the horizontal direction serves as a drainage port of accumulated water; planning a shortest water conveying path from the edge slope of the water outlet to a mine bottom water collecting pool of the strip mine; at least one section of flexible hose is connected into a required drain pipe by using a quick-release connector, and each water delivery path section is provided with a drain pipe; the control valve is opened, accumulated water on the upper surface of the step slope of the strip mine is guided out into the grit chamber to be settled, and then the accumulated water settled in the grit chamber is guided out into the mine bottom water collecting tank through the drainage pipe on the tail section of the water conveying path and / or the middle section of the water conveying path. Accumulated water is guided and drained through the hose, and the problem that larger and larger gullies are formed by directly arranging drainage ditches on the slope for drainage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine slope management technology, and more specifically, to a method for water diversion on open-pit mine slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Open-pit mining is a mining method that involves directly stripping away the overlying layer (soil or rock) from the surface to extract the underlying useful minerals. Open-pit mines primarily consist of benches and slopes. Slopes are designed as a series of stepped platforms, each with its own height, slope angle, and safety platform. The slope is an sloping surface composed of multiple steps, forming the walls of the open-pit mine. The stability of the slope is crucial and directly affects the safe production of the mine.

[0003] During open-pit mining, rain or snowmelt often leads to a large amount of water accumulating at the top of the mine. This water flows along the slope surface, causing strong erosion and forming gullies, which damages the stability of the slope. This is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field.

[0004] Chinese Patent Document 1 (Application No.: 202410298461.5, Application Date: 2024.03.15) discloses a combined dewatering and drainage method for the upper layer of water retention on open-pit mine slopes, which is implemented by the following steps: S1: Investigate the geological conditions of the open-pit mine slope area, and according to the location of water seepage on the slope, after cleaning the loose rocks on the surface of the open-pit mine step slope, spray concrete (4) is applied to the surface of the open-pit mine step slope; vertical boreholes are drilled on the top surface of the open-pit mine step slope and the platform of the open-pit mine step slope, passing through the upper water retention zone and the water-resistant layer from top to bottom, and penetrating into the rock mass with better permeability below the water-resistant layer. The hydrogeological parameters of the rock layers at different depths in the borehole are obtained through permeability tests. The location of the upper water-retaining zone, the aquitard, and the well-permeable rock mass below the aquitard is determined, and the exploration borehole is left as a vertical drainage hole (2); S2: Determine the location and depth of the inclined drainage hole (1) and the vertical drainage hole (2) according to the transverse span of the open-pit mine slope and the corresponding hydrogeological parameters; The vertical drainage hole (2) is laid vertically downward; The inclined drainage hole (1) and the vertical drainage hole (2) extend beyond the surface of the open-pit mine bench slope by no less than 80mm; S3: Layout of vertical drainage holes: ① Install a casing (9) in the vertical borehole to prevent the borehole from collapsing. The casing (9) passes through the fracture zone in the slope body of the open-pit mine bench and sits on the stable bedrock. The inner diameter of the casing (9) and the drainage of the vertical drainage hole (2) are determined. The diameter of the holes is the same. The rigid permeable pipe (5) is customized according to the depth of the fissure zone and the type of drainage hole. The water stop (8) is placed 0.5 to 1m below the depth of the fissure zone. The water stop (8) is pre-installed on the rigid permeable pipe (5) and tightly fitted. The outer diameter of the water stop (8) is the same as the diameter of the drainage hole of the vertical drainage hole (2) to ensure the sealing effect of the water stop. The rigid permeable pipe (5) has a water permeable hole (7) below the water stop (8), while there is no water permeable hole above the water stop (8). ② Insert the rigid permeable pipe (5) into the vertical drainage hole (2) and fill the annular gap above the water stop (8) with cement mortar to fix the rigid permeable pipe (5). S4 Sloping drainage hole layout: In S1 After the shotcrete (4) in step 4 reaches the specified strength, a row of inclined drainage holes (1) is laid out from the outside to the inside and inclined upward above the water-impermeable layer inside the open-pit mine bench slope. Another row of inclined drainage holes (1) is laid out from the outside to the inside and inclined upward above the slope toe of the open-pit mine bench slope. The laying process of the sleeve (9), water stop plug (8), and rigid permeable pipe (5) is the same as steps ① and ② of S3. S5: Drainage ditches (3) are laid out on the top surface of the open-pit mine bench slope outside the uppermost row of vertical drainage holes (2) and at the slope toe of the open-pit mine bench slope where the inclined drainage holes (1) are located, so as to collect the surface runoff of the open-pit mine bench slope. The drainage ditch (3) is a masonry drainage ditch, and the bottom of the ditch is plastered with mortar. This scheme is for surface seepage, and guides the upper layer of stagnant water to the deep rock mass with better permeability and discharges it outside the slope.Chinese Patent Document 2 (Application No.: 201910658998.7, Application Date: 2019.07.22) discloses a method for preventing slope instability and soil erosion at open-pit coal mine spoil heaps in northern China, comprising the following steps: Step A: Obtain detailed topography, hydrological network, and catchment area of ​​the top platform and slope of the spoil heap; Step B: Statistically analyze rainfall data in the area where the spoil heap is located, and calculate the potential water storage / holding capacity of the catchment area and the area of ​​the micro-watershed; Step C: Arrange water-retaining plant ponds in the catchment area inside the top platform of the spoil heap, and arrange water-holding subsurface flow wetlands in the catchment area outside the top platform of the spoil heap and the catchment area of ​​the slope platform, with the water-retaining plant ponds and water-holding subsurface flow wetlands connected by water-conducting plant ditches; Step D: Plant suitable plants in the water-retaining plant ponds, water-holding subsurface flow wetlands, and water-conducting plant ditches respectively. This scheme utilizes existing micro-topography and water flow characteristics to construct several water storage units, including distributed water-retaining plant ponds and water-holding subsurface flow wetlands, on the top platform of open-pit coal mine spoil heaps in northern regions. Rainfall within the micro-watershed is then channeled into these storage units via drainage plant ditches. This approach aims to rationally control and allocate rainfall resources, effectively preventing erosive slope runoff, groundwater seepage, and underground currents. However, none of these schemes address the problem of accumulated water flowing along the slope surface, causing severe erosion and forming gullies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method to guide water accumulated on the slope platform to the bottom water collection pool of the open-pit mine based on the existing slope, and avoid the problem of erosion of the slope surface and the formation of gullies.

[0006] One aspect of this application provides a method for water diversion on an open-pit mine slope, comprising:

[0007] The water accumulation area and water volume on the upper surface of the open-pit mine bench slope are determined. A drainage ditch is set up on the upper surface of the open-pit mine bench slope along the circumferential direction of the open-pit mine. The drainage ditch has an inclined angle in the horizontal direction. The lowest point of the drainage ditch in the horizontal direction serves as the drainage outlet of the accumulated water. The shortest water conveyance path is planned from the drainage outlet along the slope to the bottom water collection pool of the open-pit mine. The slope includes two or more slope segments and a slope platform set between two adjacent slope segments. The water conveyance path includes two or more water conveyance path segments. Each slope segment has one water conveyance path segment. The axis of the orthographic projection of the water conveyance path segment in a first direction is perpendicular to a second direction. The first direction is the vertical direction, the second direction is the horizontal direction, and the axis is the axis along the first direction. A sedimentation tank is set up on the slope platform through which the water conveyance path passes.

[0008] At least one section of flexible hose is connected using a quick-release coupling to form the required drainage pipe. Each water conveyance path segment is provided with one drainage pipe. The water conveyance path includes a starting segment, an ending segment, and N intermediate segments, where N is an integer. The inlet end of the drainage pipe on the starting segment is connected to the outlet, and the outlet end of the drainage pipe on the starting segment is connected to the sedimentation tank located between the starting segment and the adjacent water conveyance path segment. Water accumulated on the surface of the open-pit mine bench slope is channeled through the starting segment of the water conveyance path. The drainage pipe on the first section leads to a sedimentation tank located between the first section of the water conveyance path and an adjacent section for sedimentation. A filter screen is installed at the inlet end of the drainage pipe on the first section of the water conveyance path to perform preliminary filtration of the water accumulated on the surface of the open-pit mine bench slope. A sedimentation tank drain outlet is provided on the side wall of the sedimentation tank. Along the first direction, from bottom to top, the sedimentation tank drain outlet is located at 1 / 2-4 / 5 of the side wall. The water inlet end of the drainage pipe on the last section of the water conveyance path is connected to the sedimentation tank located between the last section of the water conveyance path and an adjacent section. The drainage outlet of the sedimentation tank is connected to the outlet of the drainage pipe at the end of the water conveyance path, which is connected to the bottom water collection tank to drain the sedimented water in the sedimentation tank. Along the water flow direction, the inlet of the drainage pipe in the middle section of the water conveyance path is connected to the drainage outlet of the previous sedimentation tank, and the outlet of the drainage pipe in the middle section of the water conveyance path is connected to the inlet of the next sedimentation tank. The drainage pipe is fixed to the side wall of the slope. The inlet of the drainage pipe in the first section of the water conveyance path is equipped with a control valve to control the opening and closing of the drainage pipe. The flexible hose includes a bend and a straight pipe; wherein, the bend is located at the connection between the drain pipe and the grit chamber drain outlet, and at the corner where the slope platform and the slope sidewall connect; the straight pipe is located on the slope sidewall; the bend is a stainless steel flexible hose; the straight pipe is a composite flexible hose, the composite flexible hose consisting of an inner rubber layer, a reinforcing layer, and an outer rubber layer from the inside out, wherein the inner rubber layer is made of polyethylene, the reinforcing layer is synthetic fiber wound around the outside of the inner rubber layer, and the outer rubber layer is wrapped around the outside of the reinforcing layer and the inner rubber layer, the outer rubber layer being made of polyvinyl chloride;

[0009] Open the control valve to drain the accumulated water on the surface of the open-pit mine bench into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation. Then, through the drainage pipe at the end of the water conveyance path and / or the middle section of the water conveyance path, drain the settled water in the sedimentation tank into the mine bottom collection tank. Clean the sediment in the sedimentation tank every month.

[0010] Optionally, the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe at the beginning of the water conveyance path is 400 mm;

[0011] The diameter of the flexible material in the drain pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is 150mm or 400mm.

[0012] The diameter of the flexible material in the drain pipe in the middle section of the water conveyance path is 150mm or 400mm.

[0013] The diameter of the flexible material in the drain pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is not greater than the diameter of the flexible material in the drain pipe in the middle section of the water conveyance path.

[0014] Optionally, the fixing device is a U-shaped bayonet, which fixes the flexible hose to the slope.

[0015] Optionally, the sedimentation tank is a cuboid with dimensions of 3m x 2m x 2m and is made of brick-concrete structure.

[0016] Optionally, the drainage ditch has an inclination angle of 5°.

[0017] Optionally, the slope includes a lacustrine mud slope and a rock slope;

[0018] The inclination angle of the lake mud slope is 21°;

[0019] The inclination angle of the rock slope is 44°-50°.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the open-pit mine slope water diversion method provided by the present invention achieves at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] First, by setting up drainage ditches, the accumulated water on the surface of the open-pit mine bench slope is directly collected in the drainage ditches, which fundamentally avoids the problem of water flowing along the slope and causing erosion of the slope.

[0022] Secondly, the flexible hose design allows for quick disassembly, relocation, and assembly according to different conditions in open-pit mines, reducing construction and material costs. The hose combines bent and straight pipes. The bent pipes can better fit the slope, are less prone to damage or leakage, and can be flexibly bent and adjusted in direction. The straight pipes are made of composite hoses, which can prevent damage and leakage and withstand the environmental impact of wind and sun.

[0023] Third, drain the accumulated water through flexible hoses to avoid creating larger and larger gullies by directly setting up drainage ditches on the slope.

[0024] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the technical effects described above at the same time.

[0025] Other features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure caption

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for water diversion on an open-pit mine slope according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water guiding device used in the method of water guiding on the slope of an open-pit mine according to the present invention.

[0030] 1. Drainage ditch; 2. Sedimentation basin; 3. Mine bottom water collection basin; 4. Straight pipe; 5. Bend pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0032] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use.

[0033] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0034] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0035] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0036] Reference Figures 1-2 As shown, Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the open-pit mine slope water diversion method of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a water guiding device used in a method for water guiding on an open-pit mine slope according to the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a method for water diversion on an open-pit mine slope includes steps S100-S300, specifically including:

[0038] S100. Determine the water accumulation area and water volume on the upper surface of the open-pit mine bench slope. Construct a drainage ditch 1 along the circumferential direction of the open-pit mine bench slope. The drainage ditch 1 has an inclined angle in the horizontal direction. The lowest point of the drainage ditch 1 in the horizontal direction serves as the drainage outlet for the accumulated water. Plan the shortest water conveyance path from the drainage outlet along the slope to the bottom water collection pool 3 of the open-pit mine. The slope includes two or more slope sections and slope platforms between adjacent slope sections. The water conveyance path includes two or more water conveyance path segments. Each slope section has one water conveyance path segment. The axis of the orthographic projection of the water conveyance path segment in the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The first direction is vertical, the second direction is horizontal, and the axis is the axis along the first direction. Settling basins 2 are constructed on the slope platforms along the water conveyance path.

[0039] S200. Using quick-release couplings, connect at least one section of flexible hose to form the required drainage pipe. Each water conveyance path segment has one drainage pipe. The water conveyance path includes a starting segment, a ending segment, and N intermediate segments, where N is an integer. The inlet end of the drainage pipe on the starting segment is connected to the outlet. The outlet end of the drainage pipe on the starting segment is connected to a sedimentation tank located between the starting segment and adjacent water conveyance segments. This allows water accumulated on the surface of the open-pit mine bench slope to be drained through... The drainage pipe at the beginning of the water conveyance path leads to a sedimentation tank located between the beginning of the water conveyance path and an adjacent water conveyance path section. A filter screen is installed at the inlet end of the drainage pipe at the beginning of the water conveyance path to perform preliminary filtration of the water accumulated on the surface of the open-pit mine bench slope. A sedimentation tank drain outlet is located on the side wall of the sedimentation tank, along the first direction, from bottom to top, at 1 / 2-4 / 5 of the side wall. The inlet end of the drainage pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is connected to the sedimentation tank located between the end of the water conveyance path and an adjacent water conveyance path section. The drainage outlets of the sedimentation tanks are connected, and the outlet of the drainage pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is connected to the bottom water collection tank to drain the settled water in the sedimentation tanks. Along the water flow direction, the inlet of the drainage pipe in the middle section of the water conveyance path is connected to the drainage outlet of the previous sedimentation tank, and the outlet of the drainage pipe in the middle section of the water conveyance path is connected to the inlet of the next sedimentation tank. The drainage pipes are fixed to the side wall of the slope. A control valve is installed at the inlet of the drainage pipe in the first section of the water conveyance path to control the opening and closing of the drainage pipe. (The last sentence appears to be incomplete and possibly refers to a different system or mechanism.) The pipe includes a bend 5 and a straight pipe 4; the bend 5 is located at the connection between the drainage pipe and the drainage outlet of the sedimentation tank 2, and at the corner where the slope platform and the slope sidewall are connected; the straight pipe 4 is located on the slope sidewall; the bend 5 is a stainless steel flexible hose; the straight pipe 4 is a composite flexible hose, which consists of an inner rubber layer, a reinforcing layer, and an outer rubber layer from the inside out. The inner rubber layer is made of polyethylene, the reinforcing layer is synthetic fiber wrapped around the outside of the inner rubber layer, and the outer rubber layer is wrapped around the outside of the reinforcing layer and the inner rubber layer. The material of the outer rubber layer is polyvinyl chloride.

[0040] S300. Open the control valve to drain the accumulated water on the surface of the open-pit mine bench into the sedimentation tank 2 for sedimentation. After sedimentation, the water in the sedimentation tank is drained into the mine bottom collection tank 3 through the drainage pipe at the end of the water conveyance path and / or the middle section of the water conveyance path. The sediment in the sedimentation tank is cleaned every month.

[0041] It should be noted that cleaning the sediment in the sedimentation tank every month is part of routine maintenance. During heavy rain, additional cleaning may be required during post-rain inspections, but it is not necessary to follow the routine maintenance schedule.

[0042] For details, please refer to Figure 2 The water guiding device used in the open-pit mine slope water guiding method provided in this embodiment includes a drainage ditch 1 set along the circumferential direction of the open-pit mine on the upper surface of the open-pit mine bench slope. The drainage ditch 1 has an inclination angle of 5° in the horizontal direction. The lowest point of the drainage ditch 1 in the horizontal direction serves as the drainage outlet for accumulated water. The slope includes two slope sections and a slope platform set between two adjacent slope sections. The water conveyance path includes two water conveyance path sections, with one water conveyance path section on each slope section. The axis of the orthographic projection of the water conveyance path section in the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, where the first direction is the vertical direction, the second direction is the horizontal direction, and the axis is the axis along the first direction. A sedimentation tank 2 is set on the slope platform through which the water conveyance path passes. At least one section of flexible hose is connected to form the required drainage pipe using a quick-release connector (not shown in the figure). One drainage pipe is set on each water conveyance path section. The water conveyance path includes a first section and a last section. The drainage pipe on the first section of the water conveyance path... The inlet end of the pipe is connected to the outlet end, and the outlet end of the drain pipe at the beginning of the water conveyance path is connected to the sedimentation tank located between the beginning and end of the water conveyance path. Water accumulated on the surface of the open-pit mine bench slope is discharged through the drain pipe at the beginning of the water conveyance path to the sedimentation tank for sedimentation. A filter screen (not shown in the figure) is installed at the inlet end of the drain pipe at the beginning of the water conveyance path to perform preliminary filtration of the water accumulated on the surface of the open-pit mine bench slope. A sedimentation tank drain outlet is provided on the side wall of 2. Along the first direction, from bottom to top, the sedimentation tank drain outlet is located at 4 / 5 of the side wall. The inlet end of the drain pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is connected to the drain outlet of sedimentation tank 2, and the outlet end of the drain pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is connected to the mine bottom collection tank 3 to drain the settled water from the sedimentation tank. The drain pipe is fixed to the slope side wall. A control valve (not shown in the figure) is provided at the inlet end of the drain pipe at the beginning of the water conveyance path to control the opening and closing of the drain pipe. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2As shown, the flexible hose includes a bend 5 and a straight pipe 4; wherein, the bend 5 is located at the connection between the drainage pipe and the drainage outlet of the sedimentation tank 2, and at the corner where the slope platform and the slope sidewall connect; the straight pipe 4 is located on the slope sidewall; the bend 5 is a stainless steel flexible hose; the straight pipe 4 is a composite flexible hose, which consists of an inner rubber layer, a reinforcing layer, and an outer rubber layer from the inside out, wherein the material of the inner rubber layer is polyethylene, the reinforcing layer is synthetic fiber wound around the outside of the inner rubber layer, and the outer rubber layer is wrapped around the outside of the reinforcing layer and the inner rubber layer, and the material of the outer rubber layer is polyvinyl chloride.

[0043] It should be noted that flexible bends are used at the drainage outlet connections of the sedimentation tank and at the corners of the slope sidewalls, making installation easier and allowing for a better fit to the slope. The bend 5 is made of stainless steel, which has strong pressure resistance and is not prone to cracking or leakage due to compression or impact, and can be flexibly bent and its direction adjusted. The straight pipe 4 is made of composite flexible hose, which is lightweight, ensuring no leakage or cracking, and its outer surface is resistant to wind and sun exposure.

[0044] In this application, the aperture of the filter screen is not limited, as long as it can filter out things such as branches, dry grass, and large stones, and does not clog the drain pipe. Further details will not be provided here.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe at the beginning of the water conveyance path is 400 mm; the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is 150 mm or 400 mm; the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe in the middle section of the water conveyance path is 150 mm or 400 mm; and the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is not greater than the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe in the middle section of the water conveyance path.

[0046] It should be noted that the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe is related to the drainage volume. Specifically, the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe at the beginning of the water conveyance path is 400mm, the diameter of the flexible hose in the middle section of the drain pipe is 150mm or 400mm, and the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is 150mm or 400mm. The diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe at the end of the water conveyance path is not greater than the diameter of the flexible hose in the middle section of the water conveyance path. That is, along the direction of water flow, the diameter of the entire water conveyance path remains constant or gradually decreases, reducing the drainage speed at the end and allowing time for the accumulated water to settle in the sedimentation tank.

[0047] It should be noted that the sedimentation in the sedimentation tank of this application adopts the natural sedimentation method, which utilizes the fact that the gravity of the suspended particles in the water is greater than the buoyancy of the water, causing them to sink naturally to the bottom of the tank.

[0048] In some alternative embodiments, the fixing device is a U-shaped bayonet that secures the flexible hose to the slope.

[0049] It should be noted that this application uses a U-shaped clamp to fix the flexible hose to the slope, which can securely fix it without damaging the hose. This not only prevents the hose from shifting due to water flow impact and external pulling, but also avoids the squeezing and damage to the hose caused by rigid fixing. Moreover, installation and disassembly are convenient, requiring no complicated tools to complete the clamping and disassembly, making subsequent maintenance or hose replacement highly efficient.

[0050] In some optional embodiments, the sedimentation tank is a cuboid with dimensions of 3m x 2m x 2m and is made of brick-concrete structure.

[0051] It should be noted that the sedimentation tank in this application is a brick-concrete structure, which is low in cost, easy to construct, and has high rigidity. It can withstand the pressure inside the tank and the weight of the sediment accumulation for a long time. Furthermore, the surface can be further treated with anti-corrosion measures, resulting in a long service life. Here, we will not go into details about further protection.

[0052] In some alternative embodiments, the drainage ditch has an inclination angle of 5°.

[0053] It should be noted that in this application, the inclination angle of the drainage ditch is 5°, which can ensure both drainage efficiency and project cost, and ensure that the water flow speed is sufficient to flush out silt and avoid siltation, without having to increase the amount of excavation due to excessive slope.

[0054] In some alternative embodiments, the slope includes a lacustrine slope and a rock slope; the lacustrine slope has an inclination angle of 21°; and the rock slope has an inclination angle of 44°-50°.

[0055] It should be noted that the slope water diversion method proposed in this application is mainly applicable to the Chengmenshan Copper Mine, which is surrounded by lakes on three sides. The slopes are lake mud slopes and rock slopes. The lake mud slopes have an inclination angle of 21°, which balances the shear strength of the lake mud through a gentle slope, preventing collapse and landslides, and avoiding the waste of surrounding land resources due to excessively gentle slopes. The rock slopes have an inclination angle of 44°-50°, which do not require complex support, ensuring long-term stability and avoiding excessive space occupation.

[0056] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the open-pit mine slope water diversion method provided by the present invention achieves at least the following beneficial effects:

[0057] 1. By installing drainage ditches, the accumulated water on the surface of the open-pit mine bench slope is directly collected in the drainage ditches, which fundamentally avoids the problem of water overflowing along the slope and causing erosion of the slope.

[0058] 2. The design adopts a flexible hose, which can be quickly disassembled, moved and assembled according to different conditions in open mines, reducing construction and material costs. The hose uses a combination of bent and straight pipes. The bent pipe can fit the slope better, is less likely to be damaged or leak, and can be flexibly bent and adjusted. The straight pipe uses a composite hose, which can not only prevent damage and leakage, but also withstand the environmental impact of wind and sun.

[0059] 3. Drain the accumulated water through a flexible hose to avoid creating larger and larger gullies by directly setting up drainage ditches on the slope.

[0060] While specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of water diversion from a slope of an open pit mine, characterized in that, The application relates to a method for draining water from a surface of a bench slope of an open-pit mine, comprising the following steps: determining a water accumulation area and a water amount on the surface of the bench slope of the open-pit mine; arranging a drainage ditch along a circumferential direction of the open-pit mine on the surface of the bench slope, wherein the drainage ditch has an inclination angle in a horizontal direction, and a lowest point of the drainage ditch in the horizontal direction is used as a water outlet for water accumulation; planning a shortest water conveying path from the water outlet to a water collecting pool at a bottom of the open-pit mine along a slope, wherein the slope comprises two or more slope sections and a slope platform arranged between two adjacent slope sections, the water conveying path comprises two or more water conveying path sections, each of the water conveying path sections is arranged on each of the slope sections, and an axis of an orthographic projection of the water conveying path section in a first direction is perpendicular to a second direction, wherein the first direction is a vertical direction, the second direction is a horizontal direction, and the axis is an axis in the first direction; and arranging a sand sink on the slope platform through which the water conveying path passes. ​ The application relates to a method for draining water from the surface of a bench slope in an open-pit mine, which comprises the following steps: connecting at least one flexible hose into a required drain pipe by using a quick-release joint, arranging one drain pipe on each water conveying path section, wherein the water conveying path comprises a first water conveying path section, a last water conveying path section and N intermediate water conveying path sections (N is an integer), connecting the water inlet end of the drain pipe on the first water conveying path section with the drain port, connecting the water outlet end of the drain pipe on the first water conveying path section with the sand trap between the first water conveying path section and the adjacent water conveying path section, draining the water on the surface of the bench slope in the open-pit mine into the sand trap through the drain pipe on the first water conveying path section, and depositing the water in the sand trap, arranging a filter screen on the water inlet end of the drain pipe on the first water conveying path section, and preliminarily filtering the water on the surface of the bench slope in the open-pit mine; arranging a sand trap drain port on the side wall of the sand trap, and arranging the sand trap drain port at 1 / 2-4 / 5 of the side wall from bottom to top along a first direction; connecting the water inlet end of the drain pipe on the last water conveying path section with the sand trap drain port between the last water conveying path section and the adjacent water conveying path section, connecting the water outlet end of the drain pipe on the last water conveying path section with the mine bottom water collecting pool, and draining the deposited water in the sand trap; connecting the water inlet end of the drain pipe on the intermediate water conveying path section with the sand trap drain port of the previous stage along the water flow direction, and connecting the water outlet end of the drain pipe on the intermediate water conveying path section with the sand trap water inlet port of the next stage; fixing the drain pipe on the side wall of the slope; arranging a control valve on the water inlet end of the drain pipe on the first water conveying path section, and controlling the opening and closing of the drain pipe; the flexible hose comprises a bend pipe and a straight pipe; the bend pipe is arranged at the connection position of the drain pipe and the sand trap drain port, and at the corner position of the slope platform and the side wall of the slope; the straight pipe is arranged on the side wall of the slope; the bend pipe is a stainless steel hose; the straight pipe is a composite hose, and the composite hose comprises an inner rubber layer, a reinforcing layer and an outer rubber layer from inside to outside, wherein the material of the inner rubber layer is polyethylene, the reinforcing layer is synthetic fiber wound outside the inner rubber layer, the outer rubber layer is wrapped outside the reinforcing layer and the inner rubber layer, and the material of the outer rubber layer is polyvinyl chloride; opening the control valve, draining the water on the surface of the bench slope in the open-pit mine into the sand trap, depositing the water in the sand trap, draining the deposited water in the sand trap into the mine bottom water collecting pool through the drain pipe on the last water conveying path section and / or the intermediate water conveying path section, and cleaning the deposits in the sand trap every other month.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe on the first water conveying path section is 400 mm; the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe on the last water conveying path section is 150 mm or 400 mm; and the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe on the intermediate water conveying path section is 150 mm or 400 mm. ​ ​ ​ The diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe at the end of the water delivery path is not greater than the diameter of the flexible hose in the drain pipe at the middle of the water delivery path.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The fixing device is a U-shaped aperture for fixing the flexible hose on the slope.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The grit chamber is a cuboid with dimensions of 3m x 2m x 2m and is made of brick and concrete structure.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The inclination angle of the drain ditch is 5°.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The slope includes a lake mud slope and a rock slope; The inclination angle of the lake mud slope is 21°, and the inclination angle of the rock slope is 44°-50°.

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