Roof waterproof and heat preservation integrated construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of roof engineering construction, in particular to a roof waterproof and thermal insulation integrated construction method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out standardized treatment on a base layer, including cleaning, repairing and interface treatment; then accurately proportioning cement, sand, expanded perlite and the SF waterproof agent by adopting an automatic metering system, and preparing waterproof thermal insulation mortar through a double-helix stirrer; a paver carrying a laser range finder is used for achieving precise layered paving, and the compactness is ensured in cooperation with intelligent compaction equipment; super absorbent resin is innovatively doped in the construction of the protective layer, and intelligent monitoring of the maintenance process is realized through an RFID humidity sensor; and finally, carrying out quality acceptance by combining a water storage test with an infrared thermal imaging technology. Through the technical means of automatic metering and proportioning, mechanical layered paving and compacting, super absorbent resin internal curing, intelligent humidity monitoring and the like, waterproof and heat-preservation integrated construction is achieved, and the problems that a traditional method is complex in procedure, interlaminar water mixing, difficult to cure and the like are effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of roofing construction, and in particular to a roofing waterproofing and insulation integrated construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, the traditional roofing waterproofing and insulation construction mostly adopts a layered operation mode, that is, first laying an insulation layer such as an XPS plate, rock wool, etc., then constructing a leveling layer, a waterproof layer such as SBS modified bitumen or polyurethane coating, and finally setting a protective layer. This method has the following defects: complex process and long construction period: multiple independent constructions are required, and cross operation is easy to cause damage to finished products, and is greatly affected by weather; interlayer bonding hidden danger: poor compatibility of each layer of materials, easy to cause peeling due to thermal expansion and contraction or settlement, forming a "water string layer"; difficult maintenance: after leakage, each layer needs to be removed and checked, which is high in cost and affects the use of the building.

[0003] In view of the above problems, CN110284665A proposes a waterproofing and insulation integrated construction method, which realizes the effect of "self-adjusting waterproofing" by adding SF waterproofing agent in the reinforcing layer, the insulation layer and the protective layer. The core improvements include: integrated pouring: using SF-III type waterproofing mortar (cement + expanded perlite + SF waterproofing agent) to complete the slope finding, insulation and waterproofing at one time, avoiding the water string problem of layered construction; moisture environment adaptability: SF waterproofing agent crystallizes to close capillary pores when encountering water, allowing construction when the base layer is not completely dry, shortening the construction period; rigid and durable design: adding glass fiber mesh to inhibit cracking and dividing the joint to relieve temperature stress, prolonging the service life.

[0004] Although the above method solves the material and process problems, it still has defects in the management level of the construction method: the ratio of SF waterproofing agent to mortar needs to be strictly controlled, and the performance is easy to fluctuate due to human error when mixing on site; the protective layer needs to be continuously watered for 14 days, and poor management can easily cause early cracking; the processes such as spreading and compacting rely on manual operation, which is low in efficiency and poor in thickness control consistency, restricting large-scale application. In summary, there is an urgent need for a new waterproofing and insulation integrated construction method that optimizes construction management and improves automation level. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application relates to the technical field of roofing construction, and in particular to a roofing waterproofing and insulation integrated construction method.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a roofing waterproofing and insulation integrated construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Cleaning the surface of the roofing structure base layer, wetting after leveling and repairing, and brushing interface treatment agent;

[0008] The cement, sand, expanded perlite and SF waterproof agent are mixed according to the weight ratio, each component is weighed by an automatic metering system, and the waterproof thermal insulation mortar is prepared by stirring uniformly through a double screw mixer;

[0009] The waterproof thermal insulation mortar is layered and spread on the base layer by using the self-adaptive paver equipped with a laser range finder, and is leveled by using a vibrating squeegee, and the interval between the adjacent two layers is not more than the initial setting time;

[0010] Each layer of the mortar is compacted by using a vibrating compaction device equipped with a pressure sensor;

[0011] After the initial setting of the waterproof thermal insulation layer, the waterproof mortar protective layer mixed with high water-absorbing resin is spread;

[0012] After the initial setting of the protective layer, a plastic film is covered, and the humidity state is monitored through the embedded RFID humidity sensor during the curing period;

[0013] After the curing period, the water storage test and infrared thermal imaging detection are performed, and the acceptance is checked after no leakage is found.

[0014] Specific steps include:

[0015] The surface of the base layer is cleaned, and the surface is moistened after being repaired and leveled, and an interface treatment agent is brushed, and specific steps include:

[0016] The surface of the base layer is cleaned, and the surface is moistened after being repaired and leveled, and an interface treatment agent is brushed, and specific steps include:

[0017] After 24 hours of repair, the surface of the base layer is evenly moistened by using a sprayer until no water is found on the surface;

[0018] The cement-based interface treatment agent is brushed, and the coating amount is 0.4-0.6 kg / m 2 , and the next process is performed after 12 hours of curing after brushing.

[0019] Specific steps include:

[0020] The cement, sand, expanded perlite and SF waterproof agent are mixed according to the weight ratio, each component is weighed by an automatic metering system, and the waterproof thermal insulation mortar is prepared by stirring uniformly through a double screw mixer, and specific steps include:

[0021] The weighed cement, sand and expanded perlite are first put into the double screw mixer and dry-mixed for 30-60 seconds;

[0022] SF waterproof agent is diluted to 10-15% concentration and added to the mixer through a misting system;

[0023] The mixture is stirred for 90-120 seconds to make the waterproof thermal insulation mortar;

[0024] The completed mortar should be used within 30 minutes.

[0025] The cement, sand, expanded perlite, and SF waterproof agent are mixed according to the weight ratio, and the components are weighed using an automatic metering system, and then stirred uniformly by a double-screw mixer to make the waterproof thermal insulation mortar.

[0026] The automatic metering system includes an electronic weighing sensor for real-time monitoring of the weight of each raw material.

[0027] The PLC controller automatically adjusts the SF waterproof agent dosage according to the environmental temperature and humidity.

[0028] The high-pressure atomizing nozzle is used to uniformly spray the SF waterproof solution.

[0029] The waterproof thermal insulation mortar is layered and spread on the base layer using an adaptive spreader equipped with a laser range finder, and a vibrating screed is used for leveling. The interval between the construction of adjacent two layers should not exceed the initial setting time. The specific steps include:

[0030] According to the design slope requirement, a laser reference line is set on the transverse parapet, and the spreader detects the spreading thickness in real time through the laser range finder.

[0031] The waterproof thermal insulation mortar is spread in two layers, and the thickness of each layer is controlled within 80-120mm.

[0032] A vibrating screed with a vibration frequency of 2800-3200 times per minute is used to level each layer of mortar.

[0033] The upper layer is spread before the initial setting of the lower layer, and the interval time is controlled within 1-2 hours.

[0034] After spreading, immediately use an aluminum alloy screed to perform secondary leveling to ensure that the slope meets the design requirements.

[0035] The vibrating compaction equipment equipped with a pressure sensor is used to compact each layer of mortar, and the specific steps include:

[0036] A double-steel wheel vibrating roller is used for compaction.

[0037] The compaction is carried out in three stages: initial compaction stage: static pressure for 1 pass, walking speed controlled at 8-10m / min; recompaction stage: vibrating compaction for 2-3 passes, walking speed controlled at 10-12m / min; final compaction stage: static pressure for 1 pass to eliminate wheel marks.

[0038] The compaction degree is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor, and the surface of the compacted mortar is controlled to reach a bearing capacity standard of 65±5 kg / m 2 ;

[0039] A handheld flat vibrator is used to supplement compaction at the edge and corner parts to ensure consistent overall density

[0040] Immediately after compaction is completed, the surface flatness is checked, with a deviation controlled within ±3mm.

[0041] Among them, after the initial setting of the waterproof thermal insulation layer, the waterproof mortar protective layer mixed with high water absorption resin is spread, and the specific steps include:

[0042] When the surface of the waterproof thermal insulation layer reaches the initial setting state, the finger is lightly pressed and does not stick to the hand without obvious indentation;

[0043] The protective layer mortar is prepared according to the weight ratio of cement: sand: high water absorption resin = 1:2:(0.003-0.005), and the high water absorption resin is cross-linked polyacrylic acid sodium with a particle size of 100-200 mesh;

[0044] The prepared protective layer mortar is evenly spread on the waterproof thermal insulation layer, and the spreading thickness is controlled at 40-50mm;

[0045] After scraping with an aluminum alloy scraper, immediately use a troweling machine for initial troweling;

[0046] After the mortar is slightly dry, perform secondary manual light collection to ensure surface flatness and density;

[0047] The protective layer is constructed within 2-4 hours after construction.

[0048] Among them, the protective layer is covered with plastic film after initial setting, and the humidity state is monitored by the embedded RFID humidity sensor during curing, and the specific steps include:

[0049] Cover and maintain within 1-2 hours after the initial setting of the protective layer mortar, when the surface can withstand slight walking without sinking;

[0050] Use a polyethylene film with a thickness of 0.10-0.15mm for full coverage, and the film lap width is not less than 100mm;

[0051] Before covering, arrange one RFID humidity sensor every 20-30m 2 , and the sensor is buried to a depth of 1 / 3 of the protective layer thickness;

[0052] During maintenance, keep the film completely covered, and collect humidity data 2-3 times a day through the RFID reader;

[0053] When the monitored humidity is less than 80%, timely supplement with water to maintain moisture;

[0054] The curing period is not less than 7 days, and the strength reaches more than 70% of the design strength before the curing can be stopped.

[0055] The roof waterproofing and thermal insulation integrated construction method of the application first standardizes the base layer, including cleaning, repairing and interface treatment; then uses an automatic metering system to accurately proportion cement, sand, expanded perlite and SF waterproofing agent, and prepares waterproofing and thermal insulation mortar through a double-screw mixer; uses a paving machine equipped with a laser range finder to realize accurate layered paving, and cooperates with intelligent compaction equipment to ensure the compactness; innovatively mixes high water-absorbing resin in the protective layer construction, and realizes intelligent monitoring of the curing process through an RFID humidity sensor; finally uses water storage test combined with infrared thermal imaging technology for quality acceptance.

[0056] The construction method has the following remarkable effects: first, through material proportioning automation and construction mechanization, human error is eliminated, the waterproofing and thermal insulation layer forms an integral structure, and the problem of "water layering" caused by traditional layered construction is completely solved; second, the high water-absorbing resin internal curing technology and intelligent humidity monitoring shorten the curing period to 7 days, and at the same time avoid the risk of early cracking; third, the application of laser paving and intelligent compaction technology controls the construction thickness deviation within ±3mm, and significantly improves the slope accuracy; fourth, the introduction of infrared thermal imaging detection technology realizes early detection and accurate positioning of leakage hazards, and greatly reduces the later maintenance cost. Compared with the traditional method, the construction efficiency of the present application is improved, the material waste is reduced, and the service life of the waterproofing and thermal insulation system is expected to be prolonged, and it is especially suitable for modern building engineering which has strict requirements on construction quality and construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced.

[0058] Figure 1 is a step flow chart of the roof waterproofing and thermal insulation integrated construction method of the first embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The embodiments of the application will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, the embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the application.

[0060] The first embodiment of the present application is:

[0061] Please refer to Figure 1 , wherein, Figure 1 is a step flow chart of the roof waterproofing and thermal insulation integrated construction method of the first embodiment of the application.

[0062] The application provides a roofing waterproofing and thermal insulation integrated construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S101: cleaning the surface of the roofing structure base layer, repairing and leveling, then wetting and brushing interface treatment agent;

[0064] Specifically, first, base layer cleaning operation is performed, a professional handheld electric polisher is used to equip a diamond grinding disc, and the surface of the concrete structure layer is comprehensively polished and treated. The polishing operation needs to be performed in two stages: in the first stage, a coarse-grained grinding disc (30-40 mesh) is used to mainly remove the surface floating slurry, cement foam and release agent residue; in the second stage, a fine-grained grinding disc (60-80 mesh) is used for fine grinding to eliminate obvious protrusions, so that the surface of the base layer reaches a flat and rough state. For the local oil pollution area, first, acetone or a special concrete cleaning agent is used for key treatment, and if necessary, a steam cleaning device can be used for deep cleaning to ensure that the surface of the base layer reaches the specified cleaning standard. The base layer repair operation uses polymer modified cement mortar, and the mixing ratio is cement:sand:polymer emulsion = 1:2.5:0.15. Before repair, the defect part needs to be pretreated: for a structure crack with a width greater than 3 mm, the crack is cut into a V-shaped groove with a width of 20-25 mm and a depth of 15-20 mm along the crack direction, and the debris in the groove is blown clean with high-pressure air; for hole defects, the surrounding loose material is completely removed to form an inverted trapezoidal interface. During repair construction, first, an interface reinforcing agent based on epoxy resin is brushed, then the repair mortar is filled and built in layers, the thickness of each layer is controlled to be 8-10 mm, the interval between layers is 2-3 hours, and the surface flatness deviation after repair is not more than 3 mm / 2 m. The repair area needs to be covered with a wet cloth for curing for at least 72 hours after final setting to prevent shrinkage cracking. The base layer wetting treatment is performed by using an adjustable pressure spraying system. The water spraying wetting is performed in three times: the first time, the water spraying amount is controlled to be 0.5 L / m 2 , the second time, the water spraying amount is 1.0 L / m 2 , and the third time, the water spraying amount is 0.8 L / m 2The moisture detection is performed using a concrete moisture meter, and the test depth should reach 5-7 mm, and the moisture content should be controlled within the range of 8-12%. Special attention should be paid to the moisture treatment of details such as pipe roots, inside and outside corners, etc., to ensure that there is no water accumulation. The interface treatment agent is selected as a cement-based penetrating crystalline material, and the slurry is prepared according to the product instructions before construction, and the water-cement ratio is usually 0.28-0.32. The brushing operation is performed using a short hair roller and a bristle brush, and the first coat is brushed in one direction, and the second coat is brushed in the vertical direction after the surface is dry. At the key positions such as the root of the parapet wall and the periphery of the pipe, an enhanced layer with a width of 300 mm should be added. After brushing is completed, it needs to be cured in an environment with a temperature of 20±2℃ and a relative humidity of ≥60% for 12-16 hours, and personnel should be avoided during the period and rainwater should be avoided. The construction record should be well kept during the whole base treatment process, including the key parameters such as the base moisture content and the interface agent coating amount, which are important basis for quality acceptance.

[0065] S102: mixing cement, sand, expanded perlite and SF waterproof agent according to weight ratio, using automatic metering system to weigh each component, stirring uniformly by double screw mixer to prepare waterproof thermal insulation mortar;

[0066] Specifically, during the batching stage, precise batching operation is performed using a full-automatic metering system. The system is composed of an electronic weighing module, a PLC control center and a material conveying device, and the weighing accuracy reaches ±0.5%. Before batching, the raw materials need to be strictly inspected: the cement selected is P·O42.5 grade ordinary portland cement, and the specific surface area is controlled within 350-400 m 2 / kg; the sand is clean quartz sand with a particle size of 0.3-1.2 mm, and the clay content is ≤1.0%; the expanded perlite is vitrified microbeads with a bulk density of 90-120 kg / m 3 , and the particle size grading is 20-50 mesh; the SF waterproof agent is a silicate-based crystalline material, and the active ingredient content is ≥85%. According to the reference ratio cement:sand:expanded perlite:SF waterproof agent=1:1.8-2.2:1.5-2.0:0.15-0.25, the dry materials are first put into the storage bin, among which the cement and sand are conveyed by the screw conveyor, and the expanded perlite is conveyed by the pneumatic conveying method. After each material is continuously metered by a high-precision electronic belt scale, it enters the premix bin. The stirring operation is performed using a double-shaft gravity-free mixer, and the effective volume is 1.5 m 3, the stirring speed is set to 45-55 r / min. The stirring process is divided into three stages: first, dry material pre-mixing, dry mixing of cement, sand and expanded perlite for 60-90 seconds to make the materials preliminarily uniformly distributed; then start the atomizing system, uniformly spray the SF waterproof agent solution diluted to 12-15% concentration in advance into the mixer through high-pressure atomizing nozzles, this stage lasts for 120-150 seconds; finally, final mixing, adjust the mixer to high speed mode 65-75 r / min and continue stirring for 60 seconds to ensure that the materials are completely uniform. During the stirring process, the mortar workability is monitored in real time by the online consistency instrument, and the slump is controlled within the range of 160-180 mm. In order to ensure the stability of material performance, the mixing system is equipped with an environmental monitoring module, which can automatically adjust the dosage of SF waterproof agent and water according to the real-time collected temperature and relative humidity data. After each batch of mixing is completed, it needs to be used within 30 minutes, and the stirring transport vehicle with heat preservation function is used during transportation to keep the tank body rotating speed at 3-5 r / min. On-site sampling and testing should include key indicators such as setting time, compressive strength and thermal conductivity. It is especially important to note that when constructing in high temperature in summer, retarder should be added in the mixing water to prevent the mortar from losing workability too early; when constructing in winter, warm water of 40-50℃ should be used for mixing, and the dosage of SF waterproof agent should be appropriately increased by 0.5-1.0%. The whole process of batching and stirring should establish complete quality traceability records, including data such as batch number of each raw material, environmental parameters, process parameters, etc.

[0067] S103: Use the self-adaptive paver equipped with a laser range finder to layer the waterproof thermal insulation mortar on the base layer, and use the vibrating screed to level it, the interval between adjacent two layers should not exceed the initial setting time;

[0068] Specifically, before the paving operation, first carry out the measurement and setting-out work. Use the total station to pop out the horizontal control line inside the parapet around the roof. According to the design requirements, the slope is usually ≥ 2%, calculate the paving thickness of each area, and set the thickness control pile at the position with a horizontal distance of 2m and a vertical distance of 1.5m. The paving machine selects a self-propelled laser paving and leveling integrated machine. The equipment is equipped with a laser transmitter and an ultrasonic thickness sensor, and the paving width can be adjusted in the range of 1-3m. Before construction, the equipment needs to be calibrated and debugged to ensure that the height difference between the laser receiver and the screed of the paving machine is consistent with the design thickness, and at the same time, check the running state of the vibration system and the material conveying system. The paving construction strictly follows the principle of layering operation. The first layer paving thickness is controlled within 80-100mm, the paving machine walking speed is maintained at 8-10m / min, and the screw feeder speed is adjusted to 80-100rpm to ensure uniform distribution of materials. During the paving process, the operator monitors the data fed back by the laser range finder in real time, and adjusts the height of the screed in time through the hydraulic leveling system to ensure that the thickness deviation is not more than ±3mm. After the first layer paving is completed, immediately use the aluminum alloy screed to manually assist in leveling, and focus on processing the joint parts and corner areas. For the pipe root, the female wall inside and outside corners and other detail nodes, custom templates are used to assist in forming to ensure the slope continuity of the transition area. Before the first layer of mortar initial setting, usually 1-1.5 hours, with no obvious indentation as the criterion, the second layer paving is carried out. The second layer thickness is controlled within 70-90mm, the paving direction is perpendicular to the first layer, and the vibration frequency is increased to 3000-3200 times / minute to enhance the interlayer bonding. The paving machine needs to maintain uniform straight-line motion when walking, and the overlapping width of adjacent paving bands is 100-150mm. After completing each work section, immediately use the troweling machine to raise the slurry and finish the surface to eliminate the small waves generated by mechanical paving. The construction joint treatment adopts the stepped joint method, with a slope of 45°, and the joint spacing is not less than 300mm. Environmental adaptability control is an important guarantee for construction quality. In summer with high temperature > 30℃, the following measures should be taken: ①Cover the sunshade cloth on the mortar transport vehicle; ②Paving operation is carried out in sections, and the single paving area is not more than 40㎡; ③After paving is completed, immediately cover the plastic film to prevent water evaporation too fast. When the winter construction is < 5℃, then: ①Preheat the base to a surface temperature ≥ 5℃; ②Use the heat preservation shed to cover the work area; ③Appropriately increase the vibration frequency to compensate for the decrease in the flowability of the mortar due to low temperature. After each layer of paving is completed, quality inspection is required, focusing on detecting slope deviation (using a 2m ruler to check, gap ≤ 4mm), surface flatness (laser scanner detection, deviation ≤ 3mm / 2m) and density (nuclear density instrument detection, compaction degree ≥ 95%). All test data need to be recorded into the construction management system in real time to form a complete quality traceability record.

[0069] S104: compacting each layer of mortar using a vibrating compaction device equipped with a pressure sensor;

[0070] Specifically, the compaction work is carried out by using a self-propelled double-steel-wheel vibrating roller in combination with an intelligent compaction management system (ICM). The device is equipped with high-precision pressure sensors and a GPS positioning system, which can monitor and record the compaction parameters in real time. Before construction, compaction process tests need to be carried out according to the mortar mix ratio and paving thickness to determine the optimal vibration frequency, usually 2800-3200 times / min, and the walking speed, 8-12 m / min. The compaction is implemented in three stages: in the initial compaction stage, 1 pass of rolling is carried out in static pressure mode (vibration system is turned off), the main purpose of which is to stabilize the structure of the mortar layer, and the walking speed is controlled at 8-10 m / min; in the recompaction stage, 2-3 passes of dynamic compaction are carried out with the vibration system turned on, the vibration frequency is adjusted according to the consistency of the mortar, 3000 times / min is used when the slump is 160-180 mm, and the walking speed is increased to 10-12 m / min; in the final compaction stage, 1 pass of smooth rolling is carried out again in static pressure mode to eliminate wheel marks and improve the surface flatness. During the compaction process, the intelligent system will collect ground reaction force data in real time through the pressure sensors, and generate a compaction degree cloud map combined with the GPS position information. The operator can dynamically adjust the rolling passes and vibration intensity according to the real-time feedback on the display screen in the cab. For areas with compaction degree less than 95%, the system will automatically mark the location and prompt for recompaction. Special attention should be paid to the compaction treatment of the edge and corner parts: a handheld flat vibrator is used for auxiliary compaction, the vibration time is controlled at 30-45 seconds / ㎡, and the overlapping width with the compaction surface of the large equipment should be no less than 200 mm. Environmental factors have a significant impact on the compaction quality. When the environmental temperature exceeds 30℃, the following measures should be taken: ① The compaction work should be carried out during the low-temperature period in the morning and evening; ② A wet curing blanket should be covered immediately after completing a compaction section of about 50㎡; ③ The vibration frequency should be appropriately reduced by 200-300 times / min to prevent surface cracking. Under low temperature conditions of less than 5℃, the following measures should be taken: ① A hot air curtain should be used to preheat the working surface; ② 1-2 additional static pressure passes should be added; ③ The compaction surface should be covered with thermal insulation cotton immediately after compaction. The compaction degree is detected by using a non-nuclear density meter (PQI) and a penetration resistance meter for double verification, and the surface bearing capacity of the compacted mortar should reach 65±5 kg / m 2 , and the flatness deviation should not exceed ±3 mm. After each layer is compacted, the surface defects should be repaired immediately. For local fine cracks with a width of less than 0.2 mm, a spray gun is used to spray SF waterproof agent original solution for permeation repair; for larger defects with a depth of more than 5 mm, the defects should be chiseled and then filled with the same proportion of mortar and compacted. All repaired areas should be specially marked in the compaction degree cloud map. The compaction work is digitally managed throughout the process to ensure that there is no missed compaction or overcompaction, and an electronic report containing parameters such as compaction trajectory, number of passes, and density is finally generated, which serves as an important basis for engineering acceptance. It is particularly emphasized that the upper and lower layer compaction work should be completed before the mortar initial setting, usually within 1-1.5 hours after the first layer is compacted, to ensure that the interlayer bonding strength is not less than 0.5 MPa.

[0071] S105: After the waterproof thermal insulation layer is initial set, a waterproof mortar protective layer mixed with high water-absorbing resin is spread;

[0072] Specifically, before the protective layer is constructed, the waterproof thermal insulation layer is comprehensively inspected. When the initial setting time reaches 1.5-2 hours, the protective layer construction can be started, with the criterion that there is no obvious indentation when the mortar surface is pressed with a finger and the mortar surface is whitish. The protective layer mortar is prepared by using P·O42.5 cement, medium sand and high water-absorbing resin (SAP) in a weight ratio of 1:2:(0.003-0.005). The SAP is a cross-linked polyacrylic sodium with a particle size controlled in 100-200 meshes and a water absorption ratio ≥300g / g. When the ingredients are prepared, the cement and sand are first put into a forced mixer for dry mixing for 60 seconds, then the SAP is mixed with water, with a water-cement ratio of 0.28-0.32, to prepare a gel-like solution in advance, and then the solution is slowly added into the mixer for wet mixing for 120 seconds to ensure the uniform dispersion of the SAP. The mixed mortar should be used up within 45 minutes, and the stirring tank should be kept rotating at a speed of 5-8r / min during transportation. The spreading operation is carried out by manual work with small machines. First, the protective layer thickness control line is marked on the vertical components such as the parapet wall by using a level, usually 40-50mm, and then the thickness control gray cake is set at 3m x 3m. The spreading is carried out from the high part of the roof to the low part, the mortar is roughly spread flat by using a shovel, and then the mortar is spread flat along the thickness control gray cake by using an aluminum alloy scraper. For a larger roof area, a micro-spreading machine can be selected for mechanized construction. During the spreading process, special attention should be paid to the treatment of details and nodes: a 30mm x 30mm circular arc corner is set at the root of the parapet wall; the pipe periphery is made into a steamed bun-shaped water overflow with a height not less than 50mm; a 20mm wide groove is reserved at the position of the divided grid joint. The troweling process is carried out in three stages: before initial setting, the mortar is roughly troweled by using a troweling machine, with the disc rotating speed controlled in 80-100r / min; during initial setting, the mortar is finely troweled by using a troweling plate, with the rotating speed reduced to 50-60r / min; before final setting, the mortar is finally manually polished, with the steel trowel repeatedly polished 3-4 times to make the surface smooth and free of sand holes. The construction joint should be left at the position of the divided grid joint, and the joint is made into a 45° inclined groove, and then the cement mortar is brushed, with a water-cement ratio of 0.4-0.5, to enhance the bonding. After the protective layer construction is completed, the curing should be started within 2-4 hours, and the plastic film is temporarily covered before curing to prevent the water from evaporating too fast. It is especially worth noting that when the construction is carried out in high temperature season >30℃, 0.01-0.02% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) should be added into the mortar as a water-retaining agent; when the construction is carried out in winter <5℃, early strength SAP should be added and warm water 30-40℃ should be used for mixing. The protective layer construction quality acceptance standards include: the surface flatness deviation ≤3mm / 2m, the thickness deviation not more than ±2mm, no defects such as hollowing and cracking, and the 28-day compressive strength not less than 30MPa.

[0073] S106: Cover the plastic film after the initial setting of the protective layer, and monitor the humidity state through the embedded RFID humidity sensor during the curing period;

[0074] Specifically, the maintenance work is carried out immediately after the initial setting of the protective layer. First, the RFID humidity monitoring system is laid out: passive RFID humidity sensors with a frequency of 13.56 MHz are selected, and a grid pattern with a size of 20-30 square meters is arranged. Key areas such as the base of the parapet and the periphery of the pipes are encrypted to 10-15 square meters. The sensor is installed by pre-buried method: first, a hole with a diameter of 20 mm and a depth of 15-20 mm is drilled on the protective layer using a special drill, the debris in the hole is removed, and then a special adhesive is injected to embed the sensor with the sensing surface facing up. Finally, the hole is sealed with the same ratio of mortar and smoothed. After the sensor is buried, it needs to be numbered and registered, and a plot of the layout position is drawn to facilitate data collection in the later stage. The covering material is a polyethylene film with a thickness of 0.12 mm, and the moisture permeability is ≤5 g / ㎡·24h. The film width should be 4-6 m to reduce the joint. Before covering, the surface of the protective layer is sprayed with water, and then the film is laid out using a mechanical spreading method: two people work together to spread the film along the length of the roof, ensuring that the film is tightly attached to the mortar surface without gaps; the overlapping width of adjacent films should not be less than 100 mm, and the overlapping part should be sealed with special tape. Around the parapet, pipes and other protrusions, the film should be wrapped up and raised 150 mm above the surface of the protective layer, and fixed with elastic tape. Especially in summer, a layer of wet non-woven fabric should be added on the film to enhance the cooling effect; in winter, double-layer film with insulation cotton in the middle is used for insulation. Intelligent humidity monitoring is implemented during maintenance: handheld RFID reader is used to collect data from each sensor at three time periods every day. When the humidity in a certain area is less than 80%, the system automatically alarms and locates the problem area, and the maintenance personnel open the local film to spray water. After watering, the film is resealed. A complete temperature and humidity log is established during the maintenance process, recording the daily data change curve of each measuring point. Special attention should be paid to the first three days, which are the key maintenance period, and the humidity should be maintained at ≥90%. In the later period, it can be appropriately reduced to ≥80%, but in case of strong wind > 5 or high temperature > 30℃, the moisture retention measures should still be strengthened. The maintenance period is not less than 7 days, during which three key controls are implemented: ① strength development monitoring, rebound method test is conducted on the 3rd day and the 7th day, and the strength on the 3rd day should be ≥15MPa and the strength on the 7th day should be ≥25MPa; ② crack control, surface cracks are inspected daily, and epoxy resin slurry is injected immediately to repair cracks with a width > 0.2mm; ③ adhesion performance check, 3 random points are selected for pull-out test before the end of the maintenance period, and the adhesion strength should be ≥1.0MPa. After the completion of the maintenance, the surface condition is observed by locally opening the film, and the film is completely removed after confirming that there is no abnormality. When removing, mechanical damage to the protective layer should be avoided. All sensors are uniformly recycled after the project is accepted, and the hole is waterproofed after the sensor is removed. Through this intelligent maintenance system, the hydration degree of the protective layer mortar can reach more than 95%, effectively avoiding the generation of dry shrinkage cracks, and ensuring the long-term durability of the waterproof and insulation system.

[0075] S107: After the curing period, carry out water storage test and infrared thermal imaging detection, and check for acceptance after no leakage.

[0076] Specifically, three preparations are needed before the water storage test: first, after 7 days of curing, build temporary water barriers along the roof perimeter with M7.5 cement mortar, make a circular transition at the inside and outside corners, and seal all joints with waterproof sealant; second, clean all debris on the roof, especially the protective cover at the drain outlet; third, mark the water level scale line on the inner side of the parapet. The water injection process uses a segmented and slow injection method: first, inject a 50mm deep water layer, and after 12 hours of observation, continue to inject water to the design water level, with the thinnest part not less than 50mm, and the total water storage time not less than 48 hours. During the detection period, patrol once an hour, focusing on checking the parapet root, pipeline perimeter, construction joints, etc., and use a strong light flashlight to observe whether there are traces of leakage, and at the same time, place white absorbent paper on the lower deck to assist in judgment. Infrared thermal imaging detection is implemented in three steps: within 24 hours after draining, use an infrared thermal imager with a resolution of not less than 320x240 pixels to scan the entire roof. The first step is to perform baseline scanning in the natural state; the second step is to use a hot air gun to heat the suspected areas, such as grid joints and pipe roots, to observe the abnormal points of heat conduction with a surface temperature increase of 5-8℃; the third step is to uniformly arrange 9 temperature reference points on the roof, and use the infrared thermal imager to perform temperature difference comparison and analysis. Mark the abnormal areas with a temperature difference of more than 2℃, and use a high-precision moisture meter for re-detection, with a measurement depth of 2 / 3 of the protective layer thickness. The acceptance standard implements a three-level judgment: the first-level indicator is that there is no any leakage point during the water storage test, including damp traces; the second-level indicator is that the infrared thermal image shows uniform temperature field distribution, with no concentrated thermal abnormal areas; the third-level indicator is that the moisture meter detection value is not more than 1.2 times of the base layer moisture content. For the leakage points found, use the processing flow of "removal-repair-retest": first, remove the problem area to the structural layer, cut the edge at a 45° angle, and repair it in layers with polymer cement waterproof mortar, with each layer not exceeding 15mm in thickness. After 48 hours of repair, retest the local water storage test, with the range expanded to 1m around. All detection data is uploaded to the BIM operation platform in real time, generating an electronic acceptance report containing information such as detection time, location coordinates, and detection values, which is permanently saved as an engineering file. Especially during the rainy season, if continuous rain prevents the standard water storage test, a continuous water test can be used instead: use the sprinkler system to continuously water for 72 hours, and at the same time, place a humidity sensor array under the roof to assist in judgment. The final acceptance needs to be confirmed by the construction, construction, and supervision parties, and a waterproof engineering quality warranty is signed, clearly stating the quality warranty period of at least 5 years.

[0077] The construction method has the following remarkable effects: firstly, by material proportioning automation and construction mechanization, human error is eliminated, the waterproof and thermal insulation layer forms an integral structure, and the problem of "water layer stringing" caused by traditional layered construction is completely solved; secondly, by using high water-absorbing resin internal curing technology and intelligent humidity monitoring, the curing period is shortened to 7 days, and the risk of early cracking is avoided; thirdly, the application of laser paving and intelligent compaction technology makes the construction thickness deviation controlled within ±3mm, and the slope accuracy is significantly improved; fourthly, the introduction of infrared thermal imaging detection technology realizes the early detection and accurate positioning of leakage hidden dangers, and greatly reduces the later maintenance cost. Compared with the traditional method, the construction efficiency of the scheme is improved, the material waste is reduced, and the service life of the waterproof and thermal insulation system is expected to be prolonged, and it is especially suitable for modern building engineering which has strict requirements on construction quality and construction period.

[0078] The above only discloses one or more preferred embodiments of the application, and cannot limit the scope of the right of the application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the application still belong to the scope covered by the application.

Claims

1. A method for waterproofing and thermal insulation integrated construction of a roof, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: cleaning the surface of the base layer of the roof structure, wetting the surface after repairing and leveling, and brushing interface treatment agent; cement, sand, expanded perlite and SF waterproof agent are mixed according to the weight ratio, each component is weighed by an automatic metering system, and the waterproof thermal insulation mortar is prepared by uniformly stirring through a double helix stirrer; an adaptive paver equipped with a laser range finder is used to layer the waterproof thermal insulation mortar on the base layer, a vibrating squeegee is used for leveling, and the interval between adjacent two layers is not more than the initial setting time; a vibrating compaction device equipped with a pressure sensor is used to compact each layer of mortar; after the waterproof thermal insulation layer is initially set, a waterproof mortar protection layer mixed with high water-absorbing resin is paved; after the protection layer is initially set, a plastic film is covered, and the humidity state is monitored through the embedded RFID humidity sensor during the curing period; after the curing period is over, a water storage test and infrared thermal imaging detection are performed, and the acceptance is checked after no leakage is found.

2. The waterproofing and thermal insulation integrated roofing construction method according to claim 1, wherein The method comprises the following steps: using an electric polisher to remove the floating slurry and protrusions on the surface of the base layer, and blowing away the floating dust with compressed air; using 1:2.5 cement mortar to repair the surface holes and cracks, and controlling the repair thickness to be 10-15 mm; after 24 hours of repair, the base layer is evenly sprayed with water by a sprayer until there is no standing water on the surface; Cement-based interface treatment agent was applied at 0.4-0.6 kg / m 2 After application, the surface was cured for 12 hours before the next step.

3. The waterproofing and thermal insulation integrated roofing construction method according to claim 2, wherein cement, sand, expanded perlite and SF waterproof agent are mixed according to the weight ratio, each component is weighed by an automatic metering system, and the waterproof thermal insulation mortar is prepared by uniformly stirring through a double helix stirrer, which comprises the following steps: cement, sand, expanded perlite and SF waterproof agent are weighed by the automatic metering system, and the weight ratio of cement:sand:expanded perlite:SF waterproof agent is 1:(1.8-2.2):(1.5-2.0):(0.15-0.25); first, the weighed cement, sand and expanded perlite are put into the double helix stirrer for dry mixing for 30-60 seconds; after the SF waterproof agent is diluted to a concentration of 10-15%, it is uniformly added to the stirrer through a mist spraying system; wet mixing is performed for 90-120 seconds until the mixture is uniform, and the waterproof thermal insulation mortar is prepared; the prepared mortar should be used within 30 minutes.

4. The waterproofing and thermal insulation integrated roofing construction method according to claim 3, wherein cement, sand, expanded perlite and SF waterproof agent are mixed according to the weight ratio, each component is weighed by an automatic metering system, and the waterproof thermal insulation mortar is prepared by uniformly stirring through a double helix stirrer, which comprises the following steps: the automatic metering system comprises an electronic weighing sensor for real-time monitoring of the weight of each raw material; a PLC controller automatically adjusts the SF waterproof agent dosage according to the environmental temperature and humidity; a high-pressure atomizing nozzle is used to uniformly spray the SF waterproof solution.

5. The integrated waterproofing and insulation roofing method according to claim 4, wherein an adaptive paver equipped with a laser range finder is used to layer the waterproof thermal insulation mortar on the base layer, a vibrating squeegee is used for leveling, and the interval between adjacent two layers is not more than the initial setting time, which comprises the following steps: according to the design slope requirement, a laser reference line is set on the transverse parapet, and the paver detects the paving thickness in real time through the laser range finder; the waterproof thermal insulation mortar is layered and paved, and the paving thickness of each layer is controlled within the range of 80-120 mm; a vibrating squeegee with a vibrating frequency of 2800-3200 times / minute is used for leveling each layer of mortar. The upper layer is paved before the lower layer mortar is initial set, and the interval time is controlled within 1-2 hours; After paving, the second leveling is immediately conducted with aluminum alloy screed to ensure that the slope meets the design requirements.

6. The integrated waterproofing and insulation roofing method according to claim 5, wherein Each layer of mortar is compacted with a vibrating compactor equipped with a pressure sensor, and the specific steps include: A double steel wheel vibrating roller is used for compaction; The compaction is conducted in three stages: initial compaction stage: static pressure for 1 pass, walking speed controlled at 8-10 m / min; recompaction stage: vibrating compaction for 2-3 passes, walking speed controlled at 10-12 m / min; final compaction stage: static pressure for 1 pass to eliminate wheel marks; The compaction degree is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor, and the surface of the mortar after compaction reaches a bearing capacity standard of 65±5 kg / m 2 . Handheld flat vibrator is used for supplementary compaction at the edge and corner parts to ensure consistent overall density The surface flatness is immediately checked after compaction, and the deviation is controlled within ±3 mm.

7. The integrated waterproofing and insulation roofing method according to claim 6, wherein After the waterproof and thermal insulation layer is initial set, the waterproof mortar protection layer mixed with high water absorption resin is paved, and the specific steps include: The waterproof and thermal insulation layer surface is initial set, and the finger pressure is not sticky and there is no obvious indentation; The protection layer mortar is prepared according to the weight ratio of cement: sand: high water absorption resin = 1:2:(0.003-0.005), and the high water absorption resin is cross-linked polyacrylic acid sodium with a particle size of 100-200 mesh; The prepared protection layer mortar is evenly paved on the waterproof and thermal insulation layer, and the paving thickness is controlled at 40-50 mm; After the aluminum alloy screed is used for leveling, the first smoothing is immediately conducted with a smoothing machine; After the mortar is slightly dry, the second manual smoothing is conducted to ensure the surface flatness and density; The protection layer is constructed, and the curing is started within 2-4 hours after the initial set.

8. The integrated waterproofing and insulation roofing method according to claim 7, wherein The protection layer is covered with plastic film after initial set, and the humidity state is monitored through the embedded RFID humidity sensor during the curing period, and the specific steps include: The curing is started when the surface can withstand slight trampling without sinking within 1-2 hours after the protection layer mortar is initial set; The polyethylene film with a thickness of 0.10-0.15 mm is used for full coverage, and the film lap width is not less than 100 mm; Before covering, every 20-30m 2 An RFID humidity sensor is arranged, and the sensor is buried at 1 / 3 of the thickness of the protective layer; The film is kept intact during the curing period, and the humidity data is collected 2-3 times daily through the RFID reader; When the monitored humidity is less than 80%, the water is immediately supplemented for moisturizing; The curing period is not less than 7 days, and the strength is more than 70% of the design strength before the curing is stopped.

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