Peripheral hole angle positioning device and peripheral hole drilling construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a peripheral hole angle positioning device and a peripheral hole drilling construction method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction.The peripheral hole angle positioning device is characterized in that a supporting mechanism is mounted on the inner wall of a tunnel, and a rotary driving component can rotate on the inner wall of the tunnel around the supporting component; the angle adjusting mechanism installed on the rotary driving component can be located at different positions in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the tunnel, then the included angle between the positioning mechanism and the tunnel face is adjusted through the arranged angle adjusting mechanism, and then the positioning mechanism can be positioned on the tunnel face. Finally, the positioning function of the peripheral holes is achieved, and the hole forming quality of the peripheral holes is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a peripheral eye angle positioning device and a peripheral eye drilling construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The peripheral eye is a main blast hole structure of the mine method construction, which is constructed at the outermost of the tunnel face, and mainly functions to form a groove close to the tunnel contour by blasting along the edge contour of the tunnel face, and form the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel.

[0003] In the prior art, when the peripheral eye of the tunnel is set, due to the phenomenon that the geological body of the tunnel itself has different hardness and the surrounding rock grade is inconsistent, it is difficult for the operator to determine the drilling angle and fix the drilling rod when drilling, which affects the hole forming quality of the peripheral eye. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a peripheral eye angle positioning device and a peripheral eye drilling construction method, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing technology in setting the peripheral eye of the tunnel, due to the phenomenon that the geological body of the tunnel itself has different hardness and the surrounding rock grade is inconsistent, it is difficult for the operator to determine the drilling angle and fix the drilling rod when drilling, which affects the hole forming quality of the peripheral eye.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, the present application provides a peripheral eye angle positioning device, comprising:

[0006] A support mechanism, the support mechanism comprises a support component and a rotary drive component, the support mechanism is supported on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the support mechanism is arranged close to the tunnel face of the tunnel, the rotary drive component is installed on the support mechanism;

[0007] An angle adjusting mechanism, the angle adjusting mechanism is installed on the rotary drive component, the rotary drive component can drive the angle adjusting mechanism to rotate circumferentially along the inner wall of the tunnel; and,

[0008] A positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism is installed on the angle adjusting mechanism, the angle adjusting mechanism can drive the positioning mechanism to rotate in a direction perpendicular to the tunnel face and adjust the included angle between the positioning mechanism and the tunnel face, the positioning mechanism can be close to and fit on the tunnel face to position the peripheral eye on the tunnel face.

[0009] In an embodiment, the support component comprises:

[0010] A support ring, the support ring is consistent with the shape of the tunnel and fits on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the support ring is arranged close to the tunnel face;

[0011] a guide piece, the guide piece being consistent with the shape of the tunnel and being installed on the inner side of the support ring, the rotating driving component being installed on the guide piece and being able to rotate circumferentially along the inner wall of the tunnel along the guide piece; and

[0012] a position adjusting assembly, the position adjusting assembly being installed on the side of the support ring away from the working face, the position adjusting assembly being able to drive the support ring to slide along the inner wall of the tunnel towards the working face.

[0013] In an embodiment, the position adjusting assembly comprises:

[0014] a plurality of telescopic pieces, the plurality of telescopic pieces being distributed circumferentially and spaced apart on the support ring; and

[0015] a plurality of adsorptive anchoring pieces, the plurality of adsorptive anchoring pieces being provided in consistent with and corresponding to the number of the telescopic pieces, the adsorptive anchoring pieces being able to be adsorbed and anchored to the inner wall of the tunnel under negative pressure.

[0016] In an embodiment, the rotating driving component comprises:

[0017] a sliding piece, the sliding piece being in sliding cooperation with the guide piece;

[0018] a mounting seat, the mounting seat being installed on the sliding piece, the angle adjusting mechanism being installed on the mounting seat; and

[0019] a driving piece, the driving piece being installed on the mounting seat, the driving piece being able to drive the sliding piece to slide along the guide piece so that the mounting seat is able to stop at any position.

[0020] In an embodiment, the angle adjusting mechanism comprises:

[0021] a connecting piece, the connecting piece being installed on the mounting seat and extending in the direction from the position adjusting assembly to the working face;

[0022] a reference rod, two ends of the reference rod being a connecting end and a rotating end respectively, the connecting end being connected with the connecting piece; and

[0023] a bezel, the bezel being installed on the rotating end, the rotating end being in rotating connection with the positioning mechanism.

[0024] In an embodiment, the edge position of the bezel is formed with angle lines arranged in an array along the circumferential direction thereof.

[0025] In an embodiment, a sliding groove is formed on the reference rod, and a sliding block is connected to the sliding groove in a sliding fit.

[0026] In an embodiment, a plug hole is formed on the sliding block, and a plug member capable of limiting the sliding block is detachably plugged into the plug hole.

[0027] In an embodiment, the positioning mechanism comprises:

[0028] a guide rod, one end of the guide rod being connected to the rotating end, the guide rod being capable of rotating around the rotating end and adjusting an angle;

[0029] a support rod, the support rod being hingedly connected to one end of the guide rod away from the rotating end, and the support rod being capable of rotating along the reference rod;

[0030] a telescopic drive, the telescopic drive being installed on the guide rod, the telescopic drive being capable of telescoping along the extension direction of the guide rod; and,

[0031] a positioning sleeve, the positioning sleeve being hingedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic drive, the telescopic drive being capable of driving the positioning sleeve to be close to and adhere to the working face to position the peripheral eye.

[0032] Based on the same technical concept, in a second aspect, the present application further provides a peripheral eye drilling construction method, which applies the peripheral eye angle positioning device of the first aspect, and comprises the following steps:

[0033] collecting geological data of the working face;

[0034] acquiring the distribution position of the peripheral eye according to the geological data;

[0035] acquiring walking data of the positioning mechanism according to the distribution position; wherein the walking data comprises a rotation angle and a positioning position;

[0036] controlling the angle adjusting mechanism to drive the positioning mechanism to move according to the walking data, so that the positioning mechanism is positioned at the corresponding distribution position;

[0037] performing drilling operation on the corresponding distribution position to construct the peripheral eye.

[0038] The technical solution of this invention proposes a peripheral eye angle positioning device and a peripheral eye drilling construction method. In use, a support mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel, and a rotary drive component can rotate around the support mechanism on the inner wall of the tunnel. This allows the angle adjustment mechanism installed on the rotary drive component to be in different positions in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the tunnel. Then, the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the positioning mechanism and the working face, thereby enabling the positioning mechanism to be positioned on the working face. Ultimately, this invention achieves the positioning function of the peripheral eye and ensures the drilling quality of the peripheral eye. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the peripheral eye angle positioning device provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the support mechanism in the example is shown below;

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the angle adjustment mechanism and the positioning mechanism in the example.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the peripheral eye angle positioning device as an example of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the peripheral eye drilling construction method of this invention.

[0046] 100. Support mechanism; 110. Support component; 120. Rotary drive component; 200. Angle adjustment mechanism; 300. Positioning mechanism; 111. Support ring; 112. Guide component; 113. Position adjustment assembly; 114. Telescopic component; 115. Adsorption anchor; 121. Sliding component; 122. Mounting base; 123. Drive component; 210. Connecting component; 220. Reference rod; 230. Angle plate; 221. Slide groove; 222. Slider; 224. Connector; 310. Guide rod; 320. Support rod; 330. Telescopic actuator; 340. Positioning sleeve.

[0047] The objectives, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further illustrated in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0049] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0050] In addition, if the embodiments of the present application involve descriptions such as "first", "second", etc., the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, "and / or" or "and / or" appearing throughout the text means that the three parallel schemes are included, for example, "A and / or B" includes A scheme, or B scheme, or A and B simultaneously satisfy the scheme. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that a person of ordinary skill in the art can realize it, and when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope claimed by the present application.

[0051] The peripheral hole is a main blast hole structure of the mine method construction, which is constructed at the outermost circle of the working face and mainly functions to form a groove close to the tunnel contour along the edge contour of the working face and form the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel.

[0052] The applicant found that when the peripheral hole of the tunnel is set, due to the phenomenon that the geological body of the tunnel itself has different hardness and the surrounding rock grade is inconsistent, it is difficult for the operator to determine the drilling angle and fix the drilling rod when drilling, which affects the hole forming quality of the peripheral hole.

[0053] The present application provides a peripheral hole angle positioning device and a peripheral hole drilling construction method.

[0054] In the prior art, the drilling operation of the peripheral eye in the tunnel construction process faces the problems of complex geological conditions and inconsistent surrounding rock grades. When the operation personnel need to drill at the edge contour of the working face, the drilling angle deviation often occurs due to the lack of effective positioning device, and the drill rod is not fixed stably. The traditional method relies on manual experience to judge the angle, which is limited by the tunnel curved surface shape and uneven hard and soft rock stratum, and the peripheral eye position deviation and irregular blasting contour often occur, which directly affects the tunnel cross section forming quality.

[0055] To solve the above problems, in view of the special requirements of the tunnel curved surface environment on the positioning accuracy of the peripheral eye, the inventor finds that the existing support structure cannot adapt to different diameter tunnels and is difficult to maintain a stable reference surface. By analyzing the causes of the drilling rod angle deviation, it is realized that a support reference matching the tunnel inner wall shape needs to be established, and a multi-dimensional angle adjustment mechanism is designed. Further considering the combination of the support reference and the rotary drive, the positioning device has the ability to move along the circumferential direction, and the angle adjustment mechanism in the vertical direction is introduced to form a three-dimensional space positioning system.

[0056] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , for easy understanding, the peripheral eye angle positioning device comprises:

[0057] A support mechanism 100, the support mechanism 100 comprises a support component 110 and a rotary drive component 120, the support mechanism 100 is supported on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the support mechanism 100 is arranged close to the working face of the tunnel, the rotary drive component 120 is installed on the support mechanism 100;

[0058] An angle adjustment mechanism 200, the angle adjustment mechanism 200 is installed on the rotary drive component 120, the rotary drive component 120 can drive the angle adjustment mechanism 200 to rotate circumferentially along the inner wall of the tunnel; and,

[0059] A positioning mechanism 300, the positioning mechanism 300 is installed on the angle adjustment mechanism 200, the angle adjustment mechanism 200 can drive the positioning mechanism 300 to rotate in a direction perpendicular to the working face and adjust the included angle between the positioning mechanism 300 and the working face, the positioning mechanism 300 can be close to and adhere to the working face to position the peripheral eye on the working face.

[0060] Specifically, the support component 110 refers to a load-bearing structure that matches the shape of the tunnel inner wall, which can be implemented as a ring-shaped frame or a segmented support assembly, and its function is to provide a stable installation reference for the entire device. The rotary drive component 120 refers to a transmission device that enables circumferential movement, which can be implemented as a gear and rack mechanism or a roller guide rail system, and is used to drive the angle adjustment mechanism 200 to move along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The angle adjustment mechanism 200 refers to a mechanical assembly with rotation adjustment function, which can be implemented as a hinge linkage mechanism or a servo motor driven turntable, and is used to change the spatial angle relationship between the positioning mechanism 300 and the tunnel face. The positioning mechanism 300 refers to the end execution component that directly contacts the tunnel face, which can be implemented as a guide sleeve with a suction cup structure or a hydraulic telescopic rod, and determines the peripheral eye coordinate position through physical contact.

[0061] The support mechanism 100 establishes a stable reference by closely fitting the support component 110 with the tunnel inner wall, and the rotary drive component 120 drives the angle adjustment mechanism 200 to move to the target position along the circumferential direction. The angle adjustment mechanism 200 rotates the positioning mechanism 300 in the vertical plane, so that its axis coincides with the preset drilling angle. After double rotation adjustment, the positioning mechanism 300 abuts against the tunnel face and maintains the positioning state through contact pressure, providing a guide reference for the drill rod. This process decomposes the complex three-dimensional angle adjustment into two independent degrees of freedom, circumferential rotation and vertical rotation, through the coordinated action of mechanical structures, and realizes the reproduction of the drilling angle.

[0062] In this embodiment, the establishment of a mechanized support reference and automatic angle adjustment eliminates human operation errors. The combination design of the rotary drive component 120 and the angle adjustment mechanism 200 enables the device to adapt to tunnel sections of different curvatures, solving the defect that fixed guide frames cannot adapt to variable tunnel shapes. The direct contact positioning method of the positioning mechanism 300 with the tunnel face avoids the drawbacks of traditional optical positioning affected by dust interference.

[0063] The control and stable maintenance of the peripheral eye drilling angle are realized. The support mechanism 100 provides a stable reference that matches the shape of the tunnel inner wall, ensuring the initial accuracy of angle adjustment. The rotary drive component 120 enables the device to be positioned along the circumferential direction, covering the full cross-section operation range of the tunnel. The linkage control of the angle adjustment mechanism 200 and the positioning mechanism 300 enables the drill rod axis to accurately align with the design angle. This device effectively solves the technical problems of drilling deviation at the soft and hard rock interface and difficulty in controlling the angle of curved tunnels, significantly improving the peripheral eye hole forming quality and contour blasting effect.

[0064] In the embodiment, the supporting mechanism 100 is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the rotating driving part 120 is enabled to rotate around the supporting part 110 on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the angle adjusting mechanism 200 installed on the rotating driving part 120 is enabled to be at different positions in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the tunnel, and then the included angle between the positioning mechanism 300 and the tunnel face is adjusted by using the angle adjusting mechanism 200, and the positioning mechanism 300 is positioned on the tunnel face, and finally the positioning function of the peripheral eye is realized, and the hole forming quality of the peripheral eye is ensured.

[0065] In an embodiment, the supporting part 110 comprises:

[0066] A supporting ring 111 which is consistent with the shape of the tunnel and is attached to the inner wall of the tunnel, and is arranged close to the tunnel face;

[0067] A guide 112 which is consistent with the shape of the tunnel, and is installed on the inner side of the supporting ring 111, and the rotating driving part 120 is installed on the guide 112, and the rotating driving part 120 is enabled to rotate in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the tunnel along the guide 112; and

[0068] A position adjusting assembly 113 which is installed on the side of the supporting ring 111 away from the tunnel face, and the position adjusting assembly 113 is enabled to drive the supporting ring 111 to slide along the inner wall of the tunnel towards the direction close to the tunnel face.

[0069] Specifically, the supporting ring 111 refers to a ring structure matched with the shape of the inner wall of the tunnel, which can be realized by bolt connection of split arc steel plates, and the radius of curvature is matched with the design radius of the tunnel, and the split structure is convenient for assembly in a small space. The guide 112 refers to a track structure extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, which can be realized by welding an I-beam track on the inner side of the supporting ring 111, and a wear-resistant coating is arranged on the surface of the track to reduce the sliding friction coefficient. The position adjusting assembly 113 refers to a mechanism for driving the supporting ring 111 to move axially, which can be realized by arranging an array of hydraulic cylinders in the circumferential direction, and a negative pressure suction cup is arranged at the end of the oil cylinder to adsorb the inner wall of the tunnel, and the axial translation of the supporting ring 111 is realized by synchronously controlling the extension and retraction amount of the oil cylinder.

[0070] The support ring 111 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the tunnel by a split arc-shaped steel plate to form a rigid support, and adjusting bolts are arranged at the split connection to realize fine adjustment of the diameter. The guide part 112 is fixed inside the support ring 111 by welding to form a ring track, and the roller set at the bottom of the rotary driving part 120 is in rolling cooperation with the track. The hydraulic oil cylinders of the position adjusting assembly 113 are arranged circumferentially at intervals along the support ring 111, and the piston rods at the ends of each oil cylinder are connected to a negative pressure suction cup. When the support ring 111 needs to be adjusted, all the oil cylinders are synchronously extended to push the support ring 111 to move towards the tunnel face, and after moving into position, the suction cups are adsorbed and fixed to realize adjustment of the distance between the support mechanism 100 and the tunnel face.

[0071] In the present embodiment, the position of the support mounting seat is continuously adjustable by the slidable support ring 111 structure cooperating with the hydraulic drive system. The existing guide device is mostly limited in a local area by a linear guide rail, and the ring track provided in the present scheme enables the rotary driving part 120 to move along a complete circumferential path, eliminating the angle positioning blind area. The conventional position adjusting mechanism relies on mechanical locking, which has the risk of loosening, and the present scheme uses negative pressure adsorption to form multi-point anchoring after adjustment, thereby enhancing the support stability. The positioning stability of the support mechanism 100 in a complex tunnel environment is solved, the full circumferential attachment of the support ring 111 to the inner wall of the tunnel avoids local stress concentration, the ring track design of the guide part 112 ensures the continuity of rotary positioning, the position adjusting assembly 113 realizes precise displacement control of the support mounting seat through hydraulic synchronous driving, and the negative pressure adsorption mechanism forms reliable fixation after adjustment, so that the whole system can adapt to the differentiated needs of support distance under different geological conditions.

[0072] In an embodiment, the position adjusting assembly 113 comprises:

[0073] a plurality of telescopic parts 114, which are circumferentially spaced and distributed on the support ring 111; and

[0074] a plurality of adsorption anchoring parts 115, which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the number of telescopic parts 114, and can be adsorbed and anchored to the inner wall of the tunnel under negative pressure.

[0075] Specifically, the telescopic part 114 refers to a driving part that can change in length in a straight line direction, which can be realized by a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, and pushes the support ring 111 to slide along the inner wall of the tunnel through telescopic movement. The adsorption anchoring part 115 refers to a device that anchors by using negative pressure adsorption principle or electromagnetic adsorption principle, which can be realized by a vacuum suction cup or an electromagnet, and is adsorbed and fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel after the telescopic part 114 is adjusted into position.

[0076] The plurality of telescopic members 114 are distributed circumferentially along the support ring 111 and are synchronously or stepwise moved during the position adjustment process, and the support ring 111 is smoothly moved along the inner wall of the tunnel towards the tunnel face by uniformly applying a pushing force or a pulling force, so as to avoid the inclination or deviation of the support ring 111 caused by the single-point force. The adsorption anchoring member 115 is arranged corresponding to each telescopic member 114, and after the support ring 111 is moved to the target position, the adsorption anchoring member 115 forms multi-point anchoring with the inner wall of the tunnel through negative pressure adsorption, so as to prevent the support ring 111 from retreating or deviating due to the difference in geological conditions or equipment vibration. The cooperative action of the telescopic member 114 and the adsorption anchoring member 115 realizes the position adjustment and rigid locking of the support ring 111, and ensures that the relative position between the positioning mechanism 300 and the tunnel face remains stable.

[0077] In the embodiment, the uniform force is applied through the plurality of telescopic members 114 distributed circumferentially, and the multi-point anchoring is quickly formed at any position by the adsorption anchoring member 115, so as to effectively overcome the instability of the support ring 111 caused by the uneven surface of the inner wall of the tunnel or the softening of the local rock mass.

[0078] Through the cooperation of the multi-point synchronous adjustment and the adsorption anchoring, the balanced posture of the support ring 111 is ensured during the movement process, and reliable fixation is formed at the target position, so that the positioning mechanism 300 can accurately fit the tunnel face to complete the peripheral eye positioning.

[0079] In an embodiment, the rotary driving component 120 comprises:

[0080] The sliding member 121 is in sliding cooperation with the guide member 112;

[0081] The mounting seat 122 is mounted on the sliding member 121, and the angle adjustment mechanism 200 is mounted on the mounting seat 122; and

[0082] The driving member 123 is mounted on the mounting seat 122, and the driving member 123 can drive the sliding member 121 to slide along the guide member 112, so that the mounting seat 122 can stop at any position.

[0083] Specifically, the sliding piece 121 refers to a mechanical component that forms a linear movement pair with the guide piece 112, which can be implemented in the form of a slider 222 with a roller that contacts the track of the guide piece 112 to reduce frictional resistance. The guide piece 112 refers to a ring-shaped track structure fixed to the inner side of the support ring 111, which can be formed by processing an I-shaped steel or a T-shaped steel, and is used to constrain the movement path of the sliding piece 121. The mounting seat 122 refers to a rigid platform for carrying the angle adjusting mechanism 200, which can be implemented in the form of a steel plate welded frame structure and is fixedly connected to the sliding piece 121 through bolts. The driving piece 123 refers to an execution element that provides movement power for the sliding piece 121, which can be implemented by using a servo motor in combination with a gear and rack transmission mechanism, and the gear meshes with the rack to achieve displacement control.

[0084] The sliding piece 121 contacts the track of the guide piece 112 through a roller and moves circumferentially along the ring-shaped track under the gear and rack transmission of the driving piece 123. The mounting seat 122 moves synchronously with the sliding piece 121 and forms a movement carrier of the angle adjusting mechanism 200. The servo motor of the driving piece 123 receives an external control signal, and the start and stop and movement speed control of the sliding piece 121 are achieved by adjusting the motor speed and steering. When the mounting seat 122 moves to the target position, the servo motor stops running and locks the output shaft through an electromagnetic brake, so that the sliding piece 121 and the guide piece 112 remain in a relatively static state.

[0085] In this embodiment, by means of the linear sliding cooperation between the sliding piece 121 and the guide piece 112 and the closed-loop control of the servo motor, the inherent defects of step positioning can be eliminated, and the mounting seat 122 can be continuously stopped at any position on the ring-shaped track. The problem of insufficient positioning accuracy during circumferential movement is solved, and the position control accuracy of the mounting seat 122 can reach millimeter level, so that the angle adjusting mechanism 200 can be aligned with the design position of the peripheral eye of the working face. The real-time feedback mechanism of the servo motor can compensate for mechanical transmission errors and avoid positioning deviation caused by track deformation or assembly gap. The instantaneous locking function of the electromagnetic brake effectively prevents displacement drift caused by equipment vibration and ensures the stability of the positioning mechanism 300 during drilling operation.

[0086] In an embodiment, the angle adjusting mechanism 200 comprises:

[0087] The connecting piece 210 is installed on the mounting seat and extends in the direction from the position adjusting assembly 113 to the working face.

[0088] The reference rod 220 has a connecting end and a rotating end at two ends, and the connecting end is connected with the connecting piece 210; and

[0089] The angle disc 230 is installed on the rotating end, and the rotating end is rotationally connected with the positioning mechanism 300.

[0090] Specifically, the connecting piece 210 refers to a rigid support member for transmitting the driving force of the position adjusting assembly 113, which can be implemented by a metal rod fixed by welding or bolting, and its extension direction is parallel to the tunnel axis to ensure the straightness of the movement trajectory of the reference rod 220. The reference rod 220 refers to an angle adjusting rod with rotational freedom, which can be implemented by an alloy steel pipe with a hinged structure, the connecting end is fixedly connected with the connecting piece 210 to transmit the axial force, and the rotating end is rotated through a bearing structure. The angle disc 230 refers to a ring-shaped indicating component with an angle scale, which can be implemented by a steel disc processed by a laser etching process, and the circumferentially distributed angle lines are used to display the real-time included angle between the positioning mechanism 300 and the tunnel face.

[0091] When the position adjusting assembly 113 pushes the support ring 111 to move towards the tunnel face, the connecting piece 210 drives the reference rod 220 to translate along the tunnel axis direction. The rotating end of the reference rod 220 forms a rotating pair with the positioning mechanism 300 through the angle disc 230, so that the positioning mechanism 300 can rotate around the rotating end axis. After the operator manually or through the driving device adjusts the positioning mechanism 300 to a predetermined angle by observing the angle line at the edge of the angle disc 230, the position of the slide block 222 is locked by using the plug-in piece 224 to fix the length of the reference rod 220. At this time, the positioning sleeve 340 is tightly attached to the tunnel face under the action of the telescopic drive 330, ensuring that the drill rod performs drilling operation along the set angle.

[0092] In the embodiment, the angle adjustment is converted into quantifiable mechanical movement through the rigid connection structure of the reference rod 220 and the angle disc 230, and the position of the slide block 222 is locked by cooperating with the plug-in hole, so as to realize the control and stable maintenance of the drilling angle.

[0093] Through the above technical solution, the present application effectively solves the problem of contour deviation of the surrounding eye caused by the angle deviation of the drill rod, realizes the visual adjustment of the angle through the scale of the angle disc 230, eliminates the manual operation error through the rigid connection of the reference rod 220 and the connecting piece 210, and ensures that the drilling direction is consistent with the design parameters. The rotating connection structure of the positioning mechanism 300 and the angle disc 230 makes the drill rod maintain a predetermined angle during drilling, avoiding the deviation of the drill rod caused by the change of geological conditions.

[0094] In an embodiment, the edge of the angle disc 230 is provided with angle lines which are arrayed along the circumferential direction thereof.

[0095] Specifically, the circumferentially arrayed angle lines refer to scale marks uniformly arranged around the circumferential direction of the angle disc 230, which can be formed on the surface of the metal disc by laser engraving or mechanical stamping in the form of equidistantly distributed scale lines, and the included angle between adjacent scale lines can be 5 degrees or 10 degrees. The angle line serves as a visual angle reference, and provides real-time angle feedback data during the rotation adjustment.

[0096] When the positioning mechanism 300 rotates through the angle adjusting mechanism 200, the angle plate 230 rotates synchronously with the rotating end. The operator can read the real-time included angle between the positioning sleeve 340 and the tunnel face by observing the angle line scale value corresponding to the current position of the positioning mechanism 300. For example, when adjusting the angle of the peripheral eye drilling, the angle plate 230 quantitatively displays the angle change amount corresponding to each scale unit of rotation, so that the operator can adjust the positioning sleeve 340 to the target angle position according to the preset blasting profile parameters.

[0097] In this embodiment, the angle measurement function is integrated in the body of the angle plate 230, and the direct correspondence between the rotation angle and the scale value is realized through the circumferentially arrayed angle lines, eliminating the operational complexity caused by external measuring tools. The visual control of the angle of the peripheral eye drilling is realized, and the operator can quickly complete the angle calibration without repeatedly disassembling the measuring tools. This scheme effectively solves the positioning deviation problem caused by manual visual angle measurement, ensures that the direction of the peripheral eye drilling is consistent with the tunnel design profile, and improves the blasting forming quality.

[0098] In an embodiment, a slide groove 221 is formed on the reference rod 220, and a sliding block 222 is connected in sliding fit in the slide groove 221. The position of the positioning mechanism 300 away from the rotating end is hinged to the sliding block 222.

[0099] In this embodiment, the slide groove 221 refers to a linear groove structure opened along the length direction of the reference rod 220, which can be formed by machining, and its function is to provide a linear movement track for the sliding block 222 and limit the movement freedom of the sliding block 222. The sliding block 222 refers to a sliding component matching the cross-sectional shape of the slide groove 221, which can be a metal block with rollers or guide rails, and its function is to realize controllable displacement in the slide groove 221 and bear the load of the drill rod installation mechanism. Hinge connection refers to the movable connection of two components through a rotating shaft, which can be a structure of pin shaft cooperating with bearing, and its function is to provide the drill rod installation mechanism with a rotation freedom to adapt to different drilling angle requirements.

[0100] The matching structure of the slide groove 221 and the sliding block 222 allows the drill rod installation mechanism to adjust the position along the axis direction of the reference rod 220. When it is necessary to adjust the drilling angle, the sliding block 222 can be moved to the target position along the slide groove 221, at which time the drill rod installation mechanism rotates around the sliding block 222 through the hinge point, realizing the control of the included angle between the drill rod and the tunnel face. The linear extension characteristic of the slide groove 221 ensures that the movement track of the sliding block 222 is consistent with the direction of the tunnel axis, avoiding the drilling positioning error caused by track deviation. The mechanical limiting function of the sliding block 222 can prevent accidental displacement caused by vibration or external force during operation, and the hinge structure can still maintain the angle stability when bearing the reaction force of the drill rod.

[0101] In the embodiment, the position adjustment and angle adjustment functions are integrated on the single reference rod 220 through the combination of the sliding groove 221 and the sliding block 222, which simplifies the device structure and improves the operation flexibility. Furthermore, the present application solves the positioning deviation problem of the drill rod mounting mechanism caused by the lack of linear guidance during the adjustment process, and realizes the stable support of the drill rod at the position away from the rotating end through the hinged structure, thereby ensuring the control of the hole angle of the surrounding eyes under different geological conditions.

[0102] In an embodiment, a plug-in hole is formed on the sliding block 222, and a plug-in piece 224 capable of limiting the sliding block 222 is detachably plugged into the plug-in hole.

[0103] In the embodiment, the plug-in hole refers to a through hole or a blind hole structure arranged on the sliding block 222, which can be realized by a circular, square or other geometric hole, and is used for accommodating the plug-in piece 224 and limiting the moving direction thereof.

[0104] The plug-in piece 224 refers to a rigid component matched with the plug-in hole, which can be realized by a metal pin, a plastic buckle or a spring locking mechanism, and generates a physical blocking effect by being inserted into the plug-in hole, thereby limiting the sliding freedom degree of the sliding block 222 in the sliding groove 221.

[0105] When the sliding block 222 moves to the target position along the sliding groove 221 of the reference rod 220, the plug-in piece 224 is inserted into the corresponding plug-in hole, and the mechanical limiting is formed by the contact between the plug-in piece 224 and the side wall of the sliding groove 221 or the reference rod 220, thereby preventing the sliding block 222 from continuing to slide. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the sliding block 222, the plug-in piece 224 can be pulled out of the plug-in hole to release the limiting of the sliding block 222, and then the plug-in piece 224 is reinserted after the sliding block 222 moves to the new position to complete the fixing. For example, the plug-in holes can be distributed at intervals along the length direction of the sliding groove 221 to form multiple fixed points, and the plug-in piece 224 is inserted into the corresponding point according to the actual demand.

[0106] In the embodiment, the direct plug-in locking of the plug-in hole and the plug-in piece 224 simplifies the operation steps and avoids the accidental displacement caused by vibration or external force. The present application can realize the quick locking and unlocking of the position of the sliding block 222, ensure that the drill rod positioning mechanism 300 maintains the preset angle during the drilling process, avoid the angle error of the surrounding eyes caused by the sliding deviation of the sliding block 222, and improve the drilling precision.

[0107] In an embodiment, the positioning mechanism 300 comprises:

[0108] The guide rod 310 is connected to the rotating end, and the guide rod 310 can rotate around the rotating end and adjust the angle.

[0109] A support rod 320 is hinged to the end of the guide rod 310 away from the rotating end, and the support rod 320 can rotate along the reference rod 220;

[0110] A telescopic drive 330 is installed on the guide rod 310, and the telescopic drive 330 can be telescopic along the extension direction of the guide rod 310; and

[0111] A positioning sleeve 340 is hinged to the telescopic end of the telescopic drive 330, and the telescopic drive 330 can drive the positioning sleeve 340 to be close to and adhere to the tunnel face to position the peripheral eye.

[0112] Specifically, the guide rod 310 refers to a rigid rod member for transmitting angle adjustment, which can be implemented by a metal rod member with scale marks, and the drilling direction reference line is changed by rotating around the rotating end. The support rod 320 refers to an auxiliary rod member that provides multi-directional support, which can be implemented by a folding link with adjustable length, and a triangular stable structure is formed by the hinge point and the guide rod 310 to offset the drilling reaction force. The telescopic drive 330 refers to a power element for controlling the displacement of the positioning sleeve 340, which can be implemented by an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder, and the telescopic axis is parallel to the extension direction of the guide rod 310 to ensure the straightness of the positioning path. The positioning sleeve 340 refers to a guide component for restricting the angle of the drill rod, which can be implemented by a cylindrical structure with a wear-resistant coating on the inner wall, and adapts to the local concave-convex morphology of the tunnel face through hinged connection.

[0113] When the guide rod 310 rotates around the rotating end, the support rod 320 is synchronously rotated around the reference rod 220, forming a two-stage angle adjustment mechanism. When the telescopic drive 330 extends along the axis of the guide rod 310, the positioning sleeve 340 is pushed to move towards the tunnel face, and at this time the rotation freedom of the support rod 320 can compensate for the positioning deviation caused by the change of the tunnel contour. After the positioning sleeve 340 contacts the tunnel face, under the continuous pushing force of the telescopic drive 330, the hinged structure allows the sleeve to adaptively adjust the inclination angle, so that the sleeve axis coincides with the preset drilling direction. The rotation of the support rod 320 and the reference rod 220 further limits the offset amplitude of the guide rod 310, ensuring the stability and controllability of the angle adjustment process.

[0114] In some embodiments, scale lines can be provided on the surface of the guide rod 310 for angle calibration, for example, one mark line is provided every 5 degrees. The stroke range of the telescopic drive 330 can be set to 200-500 mm to adapt to different drilling depth requirements, for example, an electric push rod with a stroke of 300 mm is used. The inner diameter of the positioning sleeve 340 can be slightly larger than the diameter of the standard drill rod, for example, it is set to 42 mm to adapt to a 40 mm drill rod.

[0115] In the embodiment, the spatial angle locking mechanism is formed by the combined rotation structure of the guide rod 310 and the support rod 320, and the direction of the drill rod axis is maintained stable during the pushing process of the telescopic drive 330. In the prior art, the positioning component is usually pressed rigidly, which is easy to cause the positioning sleeve 340 to tilt when the working face is uneven, while the hinged positioning sleeve 340 of the present scheme can realize self-adaptive fitting of the contact surface in combination with the continuous pushing force. Further, the present application can solve the problem of positioning deviation caused by the angle deviation of the drill rod, and through the synergistic effect of the multi-stage rotation structure and the linear pushing mechanism, the drill rod can automatically correct the axis direction at the moment of contacting the working face. The hinged cooperation of the positioning sleeve 340 and the telescopic drive 330 effectively absorbs the angle error caused by the uneven geological surface, ensures that the drilling position coincides with the preset distribution point, and thus improves the quality of the peripheral hole forming.

[0116] Based on the same technical concept, in a second aspect, the present application further provides a peripheral hole drilling construction method, which applies the peripheral hole angle positioning device of the first aspect, and the peripheral hole drilling construction method comprises the following steps:

[0117] S100, collecting geological data of the working face;

[0118] S200, obtaining the distribution position of the peripheral hole in the current cycle footage according to the geological data;

[0119] S300, obtaining the walking data of the positioning mechanism according to the distribution position; wherein the walking data comprises a rotation angle and a positioning position;

[0120] S400, controlling the angle adjusting mechanism to drive the positioning mechanism to move according to the walking data, so that the positioning mechanism is positioned at the corresponding distribution position;

[0121] S500, drilling operation is performed on the corresponding distribution position, and the peripheral hole is formed by construction.

[0122] Specifically, the geological data refers to a parameter set reflecting the physical properties of the rock mass of the working face, which can be obtained by geological radar scanning or drilling sampling, and includes surrounding rock grade, hardness parameter and fracture distribution information. The distribution position refers to the coordinate set of the peripheral hole on the contour line of the working face, which is calculated and generated by the geological data and the blasting parameter model, and can dynamically adjust the hole spacing and depth. The walking data refers to the instruction set for controlling the spatial movement of the positioning mechanism, which includes the rotation angle and the axial displacement, and the distribution position is mapped to the mechanical control parameter through the coordinate conversion algorithm. The angle adjusting mechanism refers to a mechanical transmission device for realizing three-dimensional positioning, which can be driven by a servo motor combined with a harmonic reducer, and can control the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the positioning sleeve.

[0123] After the geological radar scans the tunnel face in three dimensions, the wave velocity data of the rock mass obtained is input into the blasting parameter optimization model to automatically generate a hole layout scheme that adapts to the current geological conditions. The hole layout scheme calculates the circumferential rotation angle and axial extension distance that the positioning mechanism needs to reach through a coordinate conversion module to form executable mechanical control instructions. After the positioning mechanism moves to the target angle position along the guide ring under the servo drive, the telescopic drive pushes the positioning sleeve to fully adhere to the tunnel face to form a stable drilling reference surface. During drilling, the drill rod drills along the axis of the positioning sleeve to ensure that the angle of the peripheral hole deviates from the design value by less than 0.5 degrees.

[0124] In the present embodiment, through the linkage calculation of geological data and blasting model, an optimized hole layout scheme that adapts to different rock stratum conditions can be automatically generated. In the prior art, the drill rod is fixed by artificial righting, which is prone to deviation errors under complex geological conditions. The present method realizes the control of the spatial attitude of the drill rod through mechanized angle adjustment and a positioning mechanism, ensuring that the hole axis completely coincides with the designed trajectory. The digital collection and processing of geological data avoid subjective errors in manual judgment, and the dynamic optimization of the blasting parameter model ensures the adaptability of the hole layout scheme. The motion control of the positioning mechanism eliminates the deviation of the drill rod, enabling the peripheral hole to accurately form the designed contour. When the construction method is applied in a tunnel project with grade V surrounding rock, the residual hole rate of the peripheral hole is reduced from 42% in the traditional method to 12%, and the contour overbreak is controlled within 5 cm.

[0125] The above-described only is the exemplary embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structural transformation made under the technical concept of the present application, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A peripheral eye angle positioning device, characterized in that, include: A support mechanism, comprising a support component and a rotation drive component, wherein the support mechanism is supported on the inner wall of the tunnel and is disposed close to the tunnel face, and the rotation drive component is mounted on the support mechanism; An angle adjustment mechanism, mounted on the rotary drive component, the rotary drive component capable of driving the angle adjustment mechanism to rotate circumferentially along the inner wall of the tunnel; and, A positioning mechanism is mounted on the angle adjustment mechanism. The angle adjustment mechanism can drive the positioning mechanism to rotate in a direction perpendicular to the working face and adjust the angle between the positioning mechanism and the working face. The positioning mechanism can approach and fit against the working face to position the peripheral eye on the working face.

2. The peripheral eye angle positioning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting component includes: A support ring, the support ring having the same shape as the tunnel and fitting against the inner wall of the tunnel, the support ring being positioned close to the working face; A guide member, the guide member having a shape consistent with the tunnel and installed inside the support ring; a rotary drive component mounted on the guide member, the rotary drive component being capable of circumferentially rotating along the guide member on the inner wall of the tunnel; and... A position adjustment assembly is installed on the side of the support ring away from the tunnel face, and the position adjustment assembly can drive the support ring to slide along the inner wall of the tunnel toward the tunnel face.

3. The peripheral eye angle positioning device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The position adjustment component includes: Multiple telescopic components, wherein the multiple telescopic components are circumferentially spaced apart on the support ring; and, Multiple adsorption anchors are provided, the number of which is the same as that of the expansion joints and they are set in a one-to-one correspondence. The adsorption anchors can adsorb and anchor to the inner wall of the tunnel under negative pressure.

4. The peripheral eye angle positioning device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary drive component includes: A sliding member, wherein the sliding member is slidably engaged with the guide member; Mounting base, the mounting base being mounted on the sliding member, the angle adjustment mechanism being mounted on the mounting base; and... A driving component is mounted on the mounting base, and the driving component can drive the sliding component to slide along the guide component so that the mounting base can stop at any position.

5. The peripheral eye angle positioning device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The angle adjustment mechanism includes: A connector, which is mounted on the mounting base, extends along the direction from the position adjustment assembly to the working face; A reference rod, wherein the two ends of the reference rod are a connecting end and a rotating end, the connecting end being connected to the connecting member; and, An angle plate is mounted on the rotating end, and the rotating end is rotatably connected to the positioning mechanism.

6. The peripheral eye angle positioning device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The edge of the corner disk has angle lines distributed in a circumferential array.

7. The peripheral eye angle positioning device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A groove is formed on the reference rod, and a slider is slidably connected in the groove. The positioning mechanism is hinged to the slider at a position away from the rotating end.

8. The peripheral eye angle positioning device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The slider has a insertion hole, and a connector that can limit the slider can be detachably inserted into the insertion hole.

9. The peripheral eye angle positioning device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism includes: A guide rod, one end of which is connected to the rotating end, is capable of rotating around the rotating end and adjusting its angle; A support rod is hinged to the end of the guide rod away from the rotating end, and the support rod can rotate along the reference rod; A telescopic actuator, mounted on the guide rod, capable of telescopically extending or retracting along the extension direction of the guide rod; and, A positioning sleeve is hinged to the telescopic end of the telescopic actuator, which can drive the positioning sleeve to approach and fit against the working face to position the peripheral eye.

10. A method for constructing peripheral eye drilling, characterized in that, The peripheral eye angle positioning device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the peripheral eye drilling construction method includes the following steps: Collect geological data of the working face; Based on the geological data, obtain the distribution location of the surrounding holes in the current cycle advance; Based on the distribution location, the walking data of the positioning mechanism is obtained; wherein, the walking data includes rotation angle and positioning position; The angle adjustment mechanism is controlled to drive the positioning mechanism to move according to the walking data, so that the positioning mechanism is positioned at the corresponding distribution position; Drilling operations are performed at the corresponding distribution locations to construct the peripheral holes.

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