Focal point ray parabolic surface detection apparatus and method of use

Abstract

The application relates to a focal ray parabolic surface detection device and a use method, and belongs to the field of solar reflector precision detection. The application comprises a ray source, a scale and a keel. The rays of the ray source or the extension lines thereof pass through the focal points of a parabolic surface to be detected. A scale dial corresponding to the ray source is arranged on the scale. The origin and the intersection point of the scale dial are located on the same parabolic surface as the ray source. The ray source and the scale located on the same parabolic surface are connected and fixed through a support, and are called a 'focal ray parabolic surface detection unit'. The focal ray parabolic surface detection unit has two or more than two units, and the units are connected through a keel. The units are arranged in parallel with each other and are perpendicular to the keel. The parabolic surface detection device eliminates the system error caused by the detection of a theoretical parabolic focal line of a traditional parabolic surface detection device, and improves the optical interception rate of a heat collector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a device for testing the installation accuracy of a parabolic trough solar panel, belonging to the field of solar reflector accuracy testing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants convert sunlight into heat through a concentrating solar collector system. The heat is then transferred through a heat transfer system, with some of it used for power generation on the power generation island and the rest stored in a thermal storage island. This stored heat can be used to generate electricity when solar radiation intensity decreases or there is no sunlight. Due to its advantage of large-scale energy storage, CSP has gradually become the only form of energy storage power generation with large-scale commercialization after pumped storage power plants. Especially with the trend of energy structure development where the proportion of wind power and photovoltaic power plants is gradually increasing due to their volatility and intermittency, CSP is gradually becoming the only high-quality renewable energy source that can replace thermal power.

[0003] Solar thermal power plants are mainly divided into parabolic trough concentrators and tower concentrators. Tower solar thermal power plants have been unable to reach their optical efficiency design values ​​after more than ten years of commercial operation due to the large proportion of cosine loss in different areas in the morning and afternoon and their excessive dependence on air quality. As a result, countries have further accelerated the development of parabolic trough solar thermal power plants, which previously accounted for more than 80% of the global total.

[0004] Parabolic solar thermal power plants rely entirely on parabolic collectors for concentrated solar power. The conversion efficiency of solar thermal power depends entirely on the collectors, which account for approximately 40%-60%. The largest proportion of the losses is heat dissipation from the collector tubes, accounting for approximately 20%-40%. Other losses include the proportion of light reflected from the reflectors to the collector tubes, i.e., interception rate losses.

[0005] The optical interception rate depends on the accuracy of the parabolic surface of the collector and the diameter of the collector tube. In other words, the higher the accuracy of the parabolic surface, the higher the interception rate, and the larger the diameter of the collector tube, the higher the interception rate. However, as the diameter of the collector tube increases, the heat loss increases proportionally to the square of the diameter. Therefore, to ensure the optical interception rate, the diameter of the collector tube must be increased appropriately, but not too much. If the optical interception rate can be improved, the diameter of the collector tube can be reduced, thereby reducing the radiative heat loss.

[0006] Current testing technology for parabolic trough solar collectors involves using an optical imaging system of an optical testing device to photograph the parabolic surface of the collector, calculating the positional accuracy of its mounting base, and then calculating adjustment parameters for calibration. The problem is that the collector and collector tubes have a certain degree of gravitational sag, which the imaging system cannot identify individually. Therefore, both testing and adjustment are based on theoretical parabolic surface calculations. However, the systematic error caused by gravitational sag creates a systematic deviation between the "centerline of the collector tube as the actual operating focal line" and the "theoretical focal line corresponding to the theoretical reflector parabolic surface calibrated by the optical testing device." This systematic error leads to a decrease in the final collector tube interception rate, especially during periods of high solar radiation intensity (when the opening faces upwards), where the interception rate loss reaches 5%-10%, and the overall interception rate loss reaches 4%-8%. For a solar thermal power plant with an annual revenue of 500 million yuan, this translates to a loss of 20 million to 40 million yuan.

[0007] This systematic error also causes a decrease in the light concentration efficiency of the reflector focusing the light to the center line of the collector tube. Once the reflector deforms due to wind, a considerable portion of the light escapes outside the collector tube, and the interception rate drops rapidly. Therefore, even if the static interception rate of the collector tube reaches 90%-95%, the dynamic interception rate will still drop significantly due to the low light concentration efficiency, especially when there is wind or other mechanical interference from the collector.

[0008] Current optical inspection equipment cannot identify the deformation of the solar collector tube centerline versus the actual parabolic focal line caused by the gravity-induced sag of the solar collector tube. Instead, it can only detect and adjust the reflector according to the theoretical parabolic surface. This results in a large systematic error between the parabolic focal line and the actual operating solar collector tube centerline, leading to the aforementioned series of adverse effects. Consequently, the light concentration rate is low, resulting in poor dynamic anti-interference capability of the interception rate. Ultimately, the interception rate loss under all operating conditions can reach 4%-8%, or even higher. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention is a focal parabolic beam detection device. It uses a beam source emitted from the focal point of a simulated parabola to a reflector at the mounting position of the solar collector. After reflection, it forms a vertical parallel beam. The deviation of the reflector mounting position is identified and adjusted based on the position and angle of the vertical parallel beam hitting the target and the scale.

[0010] The further invented simulated focal line device can accurately align the focal point of the X-ray source with the actual focal line of the solar collector being tested before performing parabolic surface detection and adjustment of the solar collector. This completely eliminates the systematic error caused by the gravity-induced sagging of the solar collector and collector tubes, significantly improving the interception rate and concentration rate of the collector tubes. This, in turn, improves the static and dynamic full-condition (vectorized) interception rate of the solar collector, enhances its resistance to wind speed interference, and further improves the solar thermal conversion efficiency and power generation of the parabolic trough solar thermal power plant.

[0011] A focal-area parabolic surface detection device includes a radiation source, a scale, and a support frame. The radiation source or its extension passes through the focal point of the parabolic surface to be detected. The scale is equipped with a dial corresponding to the radiation source. The origin of the dial and the radiation source are on the same parabolic surface. The radiation source and the scale, which are on the same parabolic surface, are connected and fixed by a bracket. The bracket and the radiation source constitute a "focal-area parabolic surface detection unit".

[0012] The focal ray parabolic detection unit has two or more units, which are connected by a keel. The focal ray parabolic detection units are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the keel.

[0013] Preferably, keel mounting seats are provided at both ends of the keel, and the length L between the two keel mounting seats is the same as the length between the two mounting shafts of the parabolic device or trough parabolic reflector collector being tested. same.

[0014] Preferably, the stiffness between the two end keel mounting bases of the parabolic surface testing equipment is the same as the stiffness between the two end mounting shafts of the parabolic surface equipment or the parabolic trough reflector collector being tested, so that the sag of each X-ray source under the influence of gravity is the same as the sag of the corresponding position of the line connecting the two mounting shafts of the parabolic surface equipment being tested under the influence of gravity.

[0015] Preferably, the number and spacing of the focal ray parabolic detection units on the keel are the same as the number and spacing of the cross-sections of the reflector mounting supports of the parabolic trough reflector collector to be tested, and they are located on the same parabolic cross-section.

[0016] Preferably, a suspension rod or cable is provided between the two keel mounting seats of the keel, and the suspension rod or cable is provided with an adjustment mechanism. The stiffness of the keel is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism so that the drooping deformation of the corresponding keel of the focal ray parabolic detection unit is the same as the drooping deformation of the parabolic focal line caused by the drooping deformation of the parabolic device being detected, so as to reduce the error of the detection system.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a focal line simulation device, wherein the focal line simulation device has the same length and rigidity as the X-ray receiving device of the parabolic reflector or the heat collection tube of the parabolic trough reflector, and the mounting structure of the focal line simulation device matches the mounting holes of the mounting bracket of the X-ray receiving device or the heat collection tube (e.g., Figure 7-2 As shown, the mounting structure is a mounting pin, which coincides with the mounting hole. The mounting structure allows the focal line simulation device to be mounted on the mounting hole of the mounting bracket. The upper end face of the focal line simulation device is fitted with the simulated focal line.

[0018] Preferably, a focal point marking structure or limit switch is installed at the corresponding focal point of the radiation source of the focal parabolic radiation detection device.

[0019] Preferably, a distance measuring sensor is installed on the upper side of the focal point of the ray source of the focal ray parabolic detection device.

[0020] Preferably, the number of dials on the scale is the same as the number of X-ray sources, and the origin of the dial is located on the path of the parallel line reflected by the focal point through the parabolic cross-sectional profile to be detected via the parabolic surface or the reflector mounting support.

[0021] Preferably, the parabolic surface testing equipment is installed and fixed using a side cantilever bracket. The side cantilever bracket has at least two cantilever arms perpendicular to the keel. The cantilever arms are equipped with two second mounting seats with a spacing L that is the same as the spacing between the two keel mounting seats, which are used to support the keel mounting seats respectively.

[0022] Preferably, the parabolic surface testing equipment also includes a reflector base, the tilt angle and reflective surface height of which are the same as those of the parabolic reflector to be installed, and which are matched with the reflector mounting bracket of the parabolic surface equipment being tested. It is used for temporary installation on the reflector mounting bracket, and the correct height position of the reflector mounting bracket is adjusted by the parabolic surface testing equipment.

[0023] Preferably, the scale dial is transparent, and a reflector with an angle of 45°-90° to the scale dial is provided on the upper side of each scale dial, facing the side of the keel axis.

[0024] Preferably, a camera imaging system is installed on the upper side of the keel end facing the reflector.

[0025] Preferably, a height-adjustable structure is provided between the focal ray parabolic detection unit and the keel, including a guide rod, a lifting rod vertically fixedly connected to the detection unit, the lifting rod vertically upward through the keel, and a worm gear connected by a thread. The worm gear meshes with a worm, and the worm is connected to a rotary adjustment structure and / or a motor. When the rotary adjustment structure or motor is turned, the worm rotates, meshing with the worm gear, and the rotation of the worm gear further drives the lifting rod to rise and fall, causing the detection unit to move vertically relative to the keel along the guide rod.

[0026] Preferably, the material of the dial is the same as the radiation-sensitive material of the radiation source, which can convert the coordinate position of the radiation hitting the dial into an electrical signal and transmit it to the data processing system to calculate the deviation from the origin of the dial.

[0027] Preferably, the camera imaging system can capture images of the scale dial and the light spot emitted by the X-ray source, and identify the target coordinate position of the light spot on the scale dial through the image recognition data processing system. Then, it calculates the deviation of the reflector mounting bracket and obtains the recommended adjustment height value of the reflector mounting bracket.

[0028] Preferably, the limit switch or distance sensor and the motor constitute an automatic or remote control system. The control system drives the motor to rotate according to the signal from the limit switch or distance sensor, and adjusts the height of the focal ray parabolic detection unit relative to the keel, so that the focal point of the ray source of the focal ray parabolic detection unit is fitted with the focal point of the detected parabolic surface or the focal line simulation device corresponding to the focal line, thereby achieving precise focusing.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The parabolic detection equipment used in this case employs the same span and stiffness as the solar collector, simulating the sag deformation of the solar collector. This causes the focal points of the ray sources in each focal ray parabolic detection unit on the keel to sag accordingly, matching the actual sag of the solar collector tubes along the keel during use. This achieves precise focusing. Then, using this focal point as a reference, the position and angle of the parabolic reflector are adjusted to match the actual operating state. This eliminates the systematic errors caused by the traditional parabolic detection equipment that detects based on the theoretical parabolic focal line, thereby improving the optical interception rate of the solar collector.

[0031] 2. The focal ray parabolic surface inspection equipment uses the actual centerline of the solar collector tube as the focal line to inspect the reflector surface. This is equivalent to tolerating the cumulative deviation of the dimensional chain in a series of installation and manufacturing processes that have misaligned the installation reference of the solar collector tube mounting bracket. Then, using this as the parabolic focal line reference to adjust the reflector, the inspection and adjustment only target the accuracy of the reflector surface relative to the actual focal line, and are not affected by the deviation of the solar collector support structure. The final accuracy is mainly affected by the accuracy of the inspection equipment itself and the manufacturing accuracy of the reflector surface profile, which can significantly improve the parabolic accuracy of the parabolic mirror surface relative to the actual focal line.

[0032] 3. Reduced manufacturing and assembly precision requirements for solar collectors: Since the focal ray parabolic surface inspection equipment achieves precise focusing, the manufacturing and assembly precision of individual collector components is almost irrelevant, as long as the reflector's installation position and angle are adjusted. All components can be "matched" in the final stage, achieving a "fault-tolerant" effect. There is no need to impose excessively high requirements on the assembly precision of collector components and processes, thereby reducing costs and saving labor time.

[0033] 4. The focal X-ray parabolic surface inspection equipment can perform real-time inspections during the assembly process, reducing the need for separate hoisting and inspection steps, saving assembly time and space, improving assembly efficiency, and reducing assembly time.

[0034] 5. The focal ray parabolic detection equipment not only significantly improves the light interception rate, but also significantly improves the light concentration rate, making the reflected light more concentrated near the focal line and away from the edge of the heat collection tube.

[0035] 6. Significantly improves the interception rate of the solar collector under all operating conditions and external interference such as wind speed. Through precise focusing detection by the focal ray parabolic detection equipment, the concentration rate is greatly improved, making the reflected light more concentrated near the focal line and away from the edge of the collector tube. In actual use, under different daily angles, the amount of sag of the solar collector changes, and when wind speed interference causes the collector tube and reflector to deviate from the optimal position, the reflected light from the parabolic reflector is still less likely to deviate beyond the edge of the collector tube, improving its robustness against interference. This is conducive to improving the vectorized interception rate under all operating conditions, thereby improving the overall solar thermal power plant concentration rate.

[0036] 7. Due to the precise focusing detection of the focal ray parabolic detection equipment, the light concentration rate is greatly improved, causing the reflected light to be further away from the edge of the heat collector tube. This lays the foundation for a significant reduction in the diameter of the heat collector tube. Even with a reduction in the diameter of the heat collector tube, the interception rate is almost unaffected, and the vectorized interception rate under all operating conditions in windless conditions is not affected. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the present invention in Embodiment 9;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the parabolic trough solar collector being tested;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the heat collection tube on the mounting bracket;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the heat collection tube when it is drooping under gravity;

[0043] Figure 7-1 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the focal line simulation device on the mounting bracket;

[0044] Figure 7-2 This is a schematic diagram of the focal length simulation device;

[0045] Figure 8-1 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable structure between the focal ray parabolic detection unit and the keel in Embodiment 6;

[0046] Figure 8-2 yes Figure 8-1 Diagram of direction A in the middle;

[0047] Figure 9-1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the camera imaging system with the keel and scale in Example 11;

[0048] Figure 9-2 yes Figure 9-1 Top view;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the marking structure on the focal ray parabolic detection unit;

[0050] Figure 11-1 This is a state diagram of the solar collector when the daily angle is 90°.

[0051] Figure 11-2 It is a state diagram of the solar collector when the daily angle is 0° or 180°;

[0052] Figure 12 It is a graph showing the changes in the positional accuracy of the heat collector tube and the positional accuracy of the reflector as a function of the daily angle.

[0053] Figure 13 This refers to the situation where light reflected by a parabolic mirror is intercepted by the heat collection tube. Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 14 This refers to the situation where light reflected by a parabolic mirror is intercepted by the heat collection tube. Figure 2 ;

[0055] Figure 15 This is a distribution map of concentrated light energy intensity;

[0056] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the light concentration ratio;

[0057] Figure 17 This is a graph showing the heat loss of the collector tubes in a parabolic trough solar thermal power plant as a function of temperature. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0059] This invention proposes a focal ray parabolic surface inspection device and its usage method, mainly used to inspect the mirror surface of a trough solar collector during assembly or before the collector tubes are installed. Since it is necessary to inspect the mounting points of the collector's reflective mirrors during assembly or before the collector tubes are installed to ensure that the light reflected by the reflective mirrors can be focused on the collector tubes after installation, thus improving the light concentration efficiency, this invention proposes a focal ray parabolic surface inspection device that simulates the sag deformation of the collector, causing the ray focus of each focal ray parabolic surface inspection unit on the keel to sag accordingly, matching the actual sag state of the collector tubes along the collector keel during use, achieving precise focusing.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] This embodiment is a focal ray parabolic surface detection device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a radiation source 1, a scale 2, and a keel 3.

[0062] The rays from each ray source 1, or their extensions, intersect at a point, pass through the focus of the parabolic surface to be detected, and lie in the same plane; this point is called the "ray source focus".

[0063] Among them, the scale 2 is equipped with a dial 21 that corresponds one-to-one with the X-ray source 1 and is located on the same parabolic plane as the X-ray source 1. The X-ray source 1 and the scale 2 are fixedly connected by the bracket 11 to form an integral structure. The bracket 11 and the X-ray source 1 constitute the "focal X-ray parabolic surface detection unit 10".

[0064] In the focal X-ray parabolic surface detection unit 10, the number of "X-ray sources 1" is consistent with the number of "reflector mounting supports 02 within the cross-section of the parabolic trough collector being tested". The number of "scales 21" on each scale 2 is consistent with the number of "reflector mounting supports 02 within the cross-section of the parabolic trough collector being tested", and they correspond one-to-one, so that the number of X-ray sources 1 and scales 21 is consistent with the number of reflector mounting supports 02 within the cross-section of the parabolic trough collector being tested, which facilitates the completion of the test in one go.

[0065] For details regarding the structure of the parabolic trough solar collector under inspection, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 One of the most critical steps in assembling the solar collector is to mount each of the parabolic reflectors 7 onto the reflector mounting brackets 02 on the support frame of the solar collector. Each reflector has four mounting surfaces on its back that correspond to the reflector mounting brackets 02.

[0066] The height of each reflector mounting bracket 02 determines the accuracy of the parabolic position and angle of the reflector 7, especially affecting the relative position of the reflector and the focal line of the parabolic surface.

[0067] The solar collector is equipped with several sets of mounting brackets 04, each with mounting holes 05. The solar collector tubes 03 are mounted on the mounting brackets 04 through the mounting holes 05. The parabolic focal length of the solar collector... It is the line connecting the midpoints of the center lines of the mounting holes 05 on each set of mounting brackets 04.

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, the collector tube 03 is assembled into the mounting hole 05 of the mounting bracket 04 via the mounting shaft 09, therefore the focal wire... It is also the centerline of collector tube 03.

[0069] Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that each reflecting mirror 07 is aligned with the center line. The spatial positions between them meet the requirements. The height of the reflector mounting bracket 02 needs to be adjusted so that the focal point in the parabolic cross section corresponding to each reflector mounting bracket 02 and the eight reflector mounting brackets 02 satisfy the parabolic equation relationship. In this way, the light rays emitted from the ray source 1 and reflected by the reflectors on the reflector mounting bracket 02 should be vertically upward and mutually parallel. Thus, a scale 21 is set on the scale 2 along its path, and the origin of the scale 21 corresponding to each ray source 1 is placed on the path of the reflected parallel light.

[0070] When the height of the reflector mounting bracket 02 deviates, the position and angle of the corresponding reflector 7 will also deviate, causing the position of the reflected light hitting the target on the dial 21 to deviate from the origin. Therefore, based on the coordinate position of the light spot hitting the target on the dial 21, the deviation of the reflector mounting bracket 02 can be calculated using the parabolic equation, and the adjustment target value can be calculated. By adjusting the height of the reflector mounting bracket 02 according to the adjustment value, the reflector can be adjusted to the target position and angle, thereby making the light spot hit the target to the origin, thus meeting the deviation requirements.

[0071] In order to complete the inspection of all the reflector mounting supports 02 of each collector at one time, several sets of parallel inspection units are connected into a fixed whole by the keel 3 perpendicular to the parabolic surface inspection unit 10 of the focal ray. The number and position of the scale 2 are the same as the number and position of the cross-section of the reflector mounting support 02 and are on the same plane. The number of scales 21 of the scale 2 is the same as the number of reflector mounting supports 02 and corresponds one-to-one in the vertical direction.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, the difference in this embodiment is that keel mounting bases 31 are provided at both ends of the keel 3;

[0074] The length L between the keel mounting bases 31 and the length between the two mounting shafts 01 of the parabolic trough reflector collector being tested are... The same structure with the same stiffness was chosen for the following reasons:

[0075] Typical parabolic trough reflector collectors are over ten meters long and are supported only by shafts at both ends. For a frame structure collector that is over ten meters long, it is impossible to form too much rigidity, resulting in a phenomenon of gravity sagging. The middle part often sags by tens of millimeters, which is a large deviation for the solar collector tubes that concentrate light with absorbing reflectors with a diameter of 70-100mm.

[0076] The specific effects of solar collector sagging due to gravity are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the solid line represents the outer contour of the collector tube in its non-drooping state, and the dashed line represents the outer contour of the collector tube in its drooping state. Taking a 100mm diameter collector tube as an example, when the middle of the collector droops by 50mm, it will cause the vertical contour line shown in the figure to deviate from the collector tube contour line by 25%. Therefore, from the perspective of the reflector, the design deviation of the dashed contour line from the theoretical and practical contour line also reaches 5%-8%. As the collector tube rotates, the focusing angle of the opening facing upwards near noon is different. The collector often has the largest length-to-diameter ratio and the largest drooping deviation in the middle. As other openings tilt towards the horizontal direction, the length-to-diameter ratio of the collector decreases, the drooping deviation in the middle decreases, and the above deviations decrease. Thus, the cumulative deviation of the openings at 0° and 180° also reaches 3%-6%.

[0077] This parabolic sag caused by the collector's sag, and the resulting synchronous sag of the collector tubes, is impossible to identify and measure with traditional parabolic surface testing equipment. Often, the collector's parabolic surface is tested according to a standard theoretical parabolic surface and calibrated to a parabolic surface based on the theoretical focal line. However, in actual operation, the collector tubes sag along with the middle of the collector, causing the light reflected by the reflector to... Figure 6 The deviation zone between the solid line and the dashed line of the collector tube sometimes deviates from the collector tube, resulting in the loss of some concentrated light energy and causing a 3-6% loss in concentrated light.

[0078] This deviation is caused by the installation deviation of the reflector due to the traditional parabolic surface testing equipment, which adjusts the reflector according to the theoretical focal line. It always exists in the category of "system deviation". Therefore, in order to eliminate this systematic error, the diameter of the heat collection tube is often increased. However, for every 8% increase in the diameter of the heat collection tube, the surface area of ​​the heat collection tube increases by more than 9%, which further leads to an increase of more than 9% in heat dissipation loss of the heat collection tube.

[0079] For parabolic trough solar collectors, the light-gathering efficiency is about 40-60%. Some of the light is lost due to the light concentration rate, that is, the light concentrated by the parabolic reflector cannot be intercepted by the heat collection tube, also known as the "interception rate loss". The majority of the loss is the heat dissipation loss of the high-temperature heat collection tube. Therefore, the deviation of the solar collector from the theoretical focal line will cause a series of losses.

[0080] If the drooping state of the solar collector can be simulated, and the parabolic detection equipment can identify and quantify the actual drooping focal line of the parabolic surface, and adjust the parabolic reflection system to match the drooping focal line accordingly, then on the one hand, the optical interception rate of the solar collector can be improved, and on the other hand, the diameter of the solar collector tube can be reduced, while still allowing it to absorb the concentrated light of the parabolic reflector with a high interception rate. This would increase the heat collection temperature of the solar collector tube, thereby improving the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of power generation, and significantly alleviating the contradiction that the heat loss increases geometrically after the heat collector tube heats up.

[0081] Therefore, the parabolic detection equipment used in this case employs the same span and stiffness as the solar collector to simulate the sag deformation of the solar collector. This causes the ray focus of the ray source 1 in the parabolic detection unit 10 on the keel 3 to sag accordingly, which is the same as the sag state of the solar collector tube along the keel 3 during actual use. This achieves precise focusing. Then, using this focus as a reference, the position and angle of the parabolic reflector are adjusted to match the actual operating state. This eliminates the systematic error caused by the detection of the theoretical parabolic focal line by the traditional parabolic detection equipment and improves the optical interception rate of the solar collector.

[0082] Taking a solar thermal power plant using parabolic trough collectors as an example, if the annual power generation revenue is 500 million yuan, then by eliminating system errors through the aforementioned method of eliminating optical speculation and increasing the annual comprehensive interception rate by 2%, the annual power generation revenue can be increased by 10 million yuan, demonstrating the significant benefits.

[0083] The parabolic reflector accuracy of the parabolic concentrator in current parabolic trough solar thermal power plants is not based on the actual centerline of the collector tubes, i.e., the focal line, as the positioning basis for the parabolic surface. Therefore, there are many links in the dimensional chain between the collector tube installation reference, the reflector installation reference, and the measurement reference of the parabolic surface testing equipment. In particular, the cumulative error band of the dimensional chain between the collector tube installation reference and the parabolic surface testing equipment is not closed-loop, ultimately affecting optical efficiency indicators such as the collector's concentration interception rate and the concentrated solar power generation efficiency of the solar thermal power plant. To better understand this, it is necessary to analyze it from the definitions of two optical efficiency indicators: "full-condition vectorized interception rate" and "concentration concentration rate," as detailed below:

[0084] 1. Vectorized light-gathering interception rate under all operating conditions

[0085] The interception rate of traditional parabolic trough solar thermal power plant collectors is a static interception rate per collector unit under a certain daily angle, which has limitations and cannot objectively reflect the "all-time and all-space" concentration efficiency of the collectors and the concentrated solar power generation efficiency.

[0086] The parabolic trough reflector of a parabolic trough solar thermal power plant utilizes the parabolic principle to project parallel sunlight onto the parabolic reflector and focus it onto the focal line connecting the focal points of each parabolic section, hereinafter referred to as the "focal line".

[0087] However, due to manufacturing and assembly errors in the solar collector, the focused light cannot be precisely reflected to the focal line or the solar collector tube located at the focal line. The traditional method for evaluating the concentrating efficiency is to project parallel sunlight onto a parabolic mirror and then measure the proportion of the reflected light that is intercepted by the solar collector tube located at the focal line; this is called the "interception rate". ,and The interception rate is measured and statistically analyzed using the collector unit. Generally, the acceptance standard for interception rate in parabolic trough solar thermal power plants is an average value of not less than 97%.

[0088] The acceptance test status for this interception rate is often that the solar collector is at 0%. 0 Or 180 0 The interception rate when the opening faces east or west at the daily angle. However, this is not the actual daily angle at which the solar collector operates. The interception within the range cannot reflect the true concentrating efficiency of the solar collector.

[0089] Therefore, we will now introduce the concept of full-condition, vectorized focused light interception rate.

[0090] (1) Based on the daily angle of the solar collector Interception rate as the independent variable .

[0091] Traditional interception rate Acceptance testing involves checking the solar collector's angle daily. Concentration interception rate of solar collector unit at angles of 0° and 180° The solar collector has different daily angles. Corresponding interception rate ( There are significant differences;

[0092] Let the length of the solar collector unit be... Both ends are bearing support points, such as Figure 1 Width of the support frame in the direction of the collector opening Height of the support frame in the height direction of the solar collector And solar collectors generally That is, the width of the opening of the collector support frame is much greater than its height.

[0093] like Figure 11-1 As shown, =90 0 At that time, the aspect ratio in the direction of gravity, i.e., the y-direction, is... ,like Figure 11-2 As shown, in At 0° and 180°, the aspect ratio in the direction of gravity is... ,because ,therefore, Then for length The solar collector, which is over ten meters high and suspended in the middle, has a drooping section in the middle. They are also different. =90 0 It is the amount of drooping in the middle. Reaching a maximum size of tens of millimeters, and =0° and 180° represent the minimum sag of the middle part of the solar collector, approximately a few millimeters. A sag of tens of millimeters will cause the collector tube to sag as well. For a collector tube with a diameter of D=80mm, the impact will be significant, thus having a substantial effect on the interception rate.

[0094] A drooping collector will cause the positions of the collector tubes and reflectors to deviate from the theoretical focus and parabolic surface of the parabola, thus affecting the positional accuracy of the collector tubes. and the positional accuracy of the reflecting mirror This, in turn, affects the interception rate, and therefore the following functional relationship exists:

[0095] (1)

[0096] In the formula, , With each day's angle Changes such as Figure 12 As shown.

[0097] With each day's angle =90 0 At this time, the sag in the middle of the collector is the greatest, and the deviation of the corresponding collector tubes and reflectors in the middle from their standard positions is the largest. , It is also the largest, with the corresponding positional accuracy. , At worst, this will also affect the interception rate of the solar collector unit. Therefore, the interception rate should be a function that includes the daily angle variable.

[0098] (2) Interception rate with wind speed and other disturbances as independent variables

[0099] Under different wind speeds, the degree of vibration of the reflector and the amount of deformation of the collector tubes will vary, thus affecting the positional accuracy of the collector tubes and reflectors. Therefore, the positional accuracy of the collector tubes and reflectors is also affected by the ambient wind speed v during operation. , This further affects the interception rate. Therefore, the following relationship should exist:

[0100] (2)

[0101] (3) Vectorization of the interception rate of the solar collector unit

[0102] The sag of the collector unit varies along its length, resulting in different positional accuracies for the parabolic collector tubes and reflector. Therefore, the interception rate of the parabolic cross-section along the Z-axis of a given length direction is affected by the Z-coordinate.

[0103] (3)

[0104] Furthermore, at different widths (x-coordinates) of the parabolic cross section of the solar collector (Z-coordinate), a beam of light is incident on the focal line. The interception rate has only two possibilities: either 100% is intercepted and absorbed by the collector, or it is not intercepted and absorbed at all (0% interception rate). Therefore, the specific interception rate at a given vector coordinate (z, x) of the solar collector's reflection, in all-time... = Interception rate across the "full operating condition" range under interference conditions of (0°→180°) and wind speed v :

[0105] (4)

[0106] So, what is the interception rate of the parabolic cross section at the Z-coordinate of the solar collector?

[0107] (5)

[0108] Its physical meaning is that the solar collector is at a certain daily angle. Under wind speed V, the interception rate of the parabolic cross section element at the z-coordinate is given by the following formula. There are only two scenarios: 0%, 100% unblocked, and blocked. Further, from equation (4):

[0109] (6)

[0110] Its physical meaning is Under a certain operating condition, the interception rate of the solar collector reflector (z, x) is affected by the positional accuracy of the solar collector tube and the reflector. ,Influence.

[0111] Furthermore, the interception rate is calculated using the collector unit as the statistical unit. :

[0112]

[0113] = (7)

[0114] Its physical meaning is the daily angle of the solar collector unit. Interception rate under wind speed v condition.

[0115] when =0°, 180°, wind speed v=0m / s This refers to the interception rate during the acceptance testing of solar collectors in the traditional sense.

[0116] Furthermore, if the interception rate of the collector unit is within the full operating condition range of θ=0°→180°, then

[0117] (8)

[0118] = (9)

[0119] The physical meaning of equation (9) is the interception rate of the solar collector under all operating conditions in the daily range of θ=0°~180°.

[0120] Among them, the static interception rate is when there is no wind (v=0), and the dynamic interception rate is when there is wind interference (v>0).

[0121] In summary, by redefining the full-condition vectorized interception rate of the focusing solar collector using "day" (θ=0°→180°) as the time unit, the solar collector as the unit, and the vectorized coordinates of each reflector of the (z, x) solar collector as the statistical unit, we can accurately calculate the focusing efficiency of the solar collector under the "all-time and all-space" state, and reconstruct the theoretical system of the optical efficiency of the solar collector. This lays the foundation for the subsequent reconstruction of the technology, process, and testing system of the solar collector based on this.

[0122] 2. Concentration efficiency of parabolic trough solar collectors

[0123] Next, we introduce the concept of solar collector concentration ratio. Based on the same interception rate of the solar collector, the concentration ratio more accurately reflects the solar collector's concentration efficiency, especially the solar collector's concentration efficiency under different daily angles and wind speeds and other disturbances.

[0124] For parabolic trough solar thermal power plants, the degree to which the parabolic reflectors of the trough concentrate parallel sunlight to the focal line of the parabola or the center line of the collector tubes is called the concentration ratio. .

[0125] like Figure 16 As shown, ray 1 is closer to the center of the collector tube or the focal line, and closer to... The farther the edge of the collector tube is, the higher the light concentration rate. However, light ray 2 is already close to the edge, and the distance from the center reaches the radius of the collector tube. Although the collector tube intercepts the light ray to meet the interception rate requirement, it is already at the edge. If there is any slight shaking or deviation, the interception rate will become 0, indicating that the light concentration rate is too low, the anti-interference ability is poor, or a smaller collector tube cannot be used.

[0126] like Figure 13 As shown, although the light reflected by the parabolic mirror is intercepted by the heat collection tube, achieving a 100% interception rate, the concentration near the center line is not high enough, resulting in a corresponding distribution of concentrated energy intensity as shown in the figure. Figure 15 As shown in curve 1.

[0127] like Figure 14 As shown, the light reflected by the parabolic mirror is also 100% intercepted, but the concentration is high near the center line, and the corresponding concentrated light energy intensity distribution is as follows. Figure 15 Curve 2.

[0128] in Figure 13 The solar collector shown has a high concentration ratio. It's too low, and Figure 14 The concentration ratio shown The concentration of light is relatively high. When the collector tube is disturbed by dynamic interference such as wind speed or the position of the reflector is deviated, the difference in the concentration of light in the collector will become apparent.

[0129] Concentration rate Higher-profile solar collectors have stronger anti-interference capabilities when the position of the solar collector tubes and reflectors deviates from the standard position.

[0130] Its specific quantitative definition is as follows:

[0131] Let the radius of the heat collection tube be... ;

[0132] When parallel sunlight is reflected by a mirror to the vicinity of the focal line of the parabolic surface, the vertical distance ΔR from the focal line is defined as the focusing deviation.

[0133] Furthermore, the concentration deviation rate is defined as follows:

[0134]

[0135] The relevant variables for concentration deviation rate include z, x, and , v, that is, the axial position of the collector z, the width of the parabolic cross section corresponding to the x-axis position of the collector, and the (z, x) coordinate position of the collector's daily angle. Concentration deviation rate of parallel sunlight reflected to the focal line of the parabolic mirror under wind speed v:

[0136] (10)

[0137] Furthermore, we introduce the concept of light concentration rate, also known as light concentration ratio.

[0138] (11)

[0139] Formula (11) represents the coordinates of the (z, x) points of the solar collector reflector. Distance from the focal line of the parabolic mirror to the reflected parallel sunlight under daily angle and wind speed interference. With the radius of the heat collection tube The ratio of these is its deviation rate. And... The reflected light deviates from the radius. The distance between the collector tubes and the radius of the collector tubes Proportion, this value The larger the relative The higher the radius of the collector tube, the more concentrated it is towards the focal line. ,but Compared to Radius of the solar collector tube concentrating power When the maximum value is reached, the heat collection tube will deviate. The beam of light can still be reflected to the edge of the deviated heat collector tube, that is, for the (z, x) coordinate point of the reflector, the light is affected by... The interference resistance margin of the heat collection tube reaches [value missing]. .

[0140] and This is related to the positional accuracy of the heat collection tubes and reflectors, which deviate from their standard profiles and parabolic curves.

[0141] (12)

[0142] Furthermore, the concentrating power function for a solar collector located on a parabolic surface at section z is as follows:

[0143] (13)

[0144] in, It is the width of the parabolic surface of the solar collector reflector.

[0145] Furthermore, the concentration ratio of the solar collector unit :

[0146]

[0147] (14)

[0148] Furthermore, the solar collector unit uses "day" as the time unit, and the angle is measured day by day. =Concentration efficiency under all operating conditions within the range of 0° to 180°:

[0149]

[0150] = (15)

[0151] Furthermore, if v=0, it represents the static concentration efficiency of the solar collector under static conditions where the wind speed is zero.

[0152] In summary, As a vectorization of the specific (z, x) coordinates of the mirror and The definition of vectorized solar concentration ratio, considering wind speed interference across the entire operating range of 0° to 180°, objectively reflects the degree to which the solar collector reflector focuses parallel sunlight relative to the focal line under different relevant variables, and also indicates the degree to which the reflector is closer to the focal line than the edge of the collector tube. The higher the parameter, the stronger the solar collector's anti-interference ability.

[0153] Therefore, by defining the concentration ratio, it can be used as a measurement parameter for the manufacturing precision of solar collectors, as well as a parameter for improving the ability to concentrate solar heat collection and further increasing the power generation of solar thermal power plants by resisting interference.

[0154] 3. Significance of the solar collector optical efficiency system constructed from vectorized interception rate and concentration rate under all operating conditions

[0155] (1) Only the vectorized interception rate under all operating conditions can objectively and truly reflect the "all-time and all-space" concentrating and collecting efficiency of the concentrating solar collector.

[0156] The full-condition vectorized interception rate is based on the coordinates (z, x) of each collector unit and their values ​​in the following context: = "Concentrating efficiency" in relation to daily angles and variables such as wind speed v across the entire range of 0° to 180°.

[0157] Based on this, further considering the different sunshine hours during the day at the location of the solar thermal power plant, which are also the different daily angles of the collectors... Annual average solar radiation intensity under certain conditions The average daily total solar thermal energy collected by the collector is:

[0158] (16)

[0159] Where A is the concentrating area of ​​the solar collector.

[0160] When designing the solar collector and evaluating its concentrating efficiency, if a static value of v=0 is taken, then:

[0161] (17)

[0162] Based on the average daytime solar thermal power plant's location (latitude and longitude), the solar radiation intensity is typically around noon, approximately... A daily angle of 90° corresponds to the period with the highest weight of daytime solar radiation intensity. Therefore, at different daily angles of the solar collector, the aspect ratio in the direction of gravity varies, resulting in different amounts of sagging deformation. Therefore, the appropriate angle should be chosen. When the angle is 90°, Ed0 is maximized and optimized. Therefore, the optimal installation state for the solar collector's reflector should be... Adjust when =90°.

[0163] (2) Based on the concentrating heat collection efficiency =Maximize heat collection efficiency under all operating conditions from 0 to 180° and optimize the positional accuracy of heat collection tubes and reflectors.

[0164] Depend on

[0165] exist Interception rate at arbitrary (z, x) coordinates of the solar collector reflector under the given angle of day and wind speed v. It depends on the accuracy of the heat collector tube position. Mirror position accuracy Decide.

[0166] Therefore, to improve the efficiency of the solar collector tube under all operating conditions, the area with the highest average daily solar radiation intensity should be selected. A daily angle of 90°, i.e., the upward-facing position of the collector opening, makes... , To maximize the positional accuracy, how can we make this... =90° position , The key to maximizing positional accuracy is where its standard position is.

[0167] During the manufacturing process of solar collector components, the structural and process dimensions of each component are realized according to the drawings. In the sub-assembly, the dimensions of each component are realized separately until the final assembly. During the final assembly, the interception rate is mainly ensured by the installation position and angle of the reflector. There is no room for adjustment in the previous manufacturing and assembly stages. Finally, the adjustment space of the reflector mounting support is used to maximize the tolerance for the cumulative error of the dimensional chain in the previous stages.

[0168] The positioning reference for calibrating the reflector is closely related to the final reference of the testing equipment. When the positioning reference of the parabolic surface testing equipment is the support bases at both ends of the solar collector, the accuracy of the parabolic surface obtained by calibrating the reflector will be determined accordingly. (Ignoring the influence of wind speed), this is the relative accuracy of the theoretical focal line based on the positioning reference of the detection equipment.

[0169] However, there is still a gap between the theoretical focal line based on the positioning reference of the testing equipment and the actual focal line (which is also the center line of the collector tube support) of the solar collector. The accuracy of the position of the heat collection tubes.

[0170] However, traditional parabolic surface inspection equipment and methods for solar collectors cannot identify the centerline (focal line) of the actual solar collector tubes. Therefore, the only solution is to maximize the manufacturing precision of the solar collector components and the precision of each assembly stage to reduce the cumulative dimensional chain error between the centerline of the solar collector tubes and the positioning reference of the parabolic surface inspection equipment during the final assembly stage, thereby improving the positional accuracy of the solar collector tubes. However, this error cannot be eliminated through calibration during the final assembly and testing process.

[0171] Therefore, in When the angle is 90°, the position of the parabolic reflector of the solar collector is detected by the parabolic surface detection equipment. Based on a certain positioning reference of the detection equipment, the position parameters of the reflector mounting point are obtained and then adjusted to the optimal position. However, there is no room for adjustment of the positional deviation between the center line of the solar collector tube and the parabolic surface detection equipment, which is also an important reason affecting the interception rate.

[0172] By analyzing the vectorized interception rate under all operating conditions, this problem was identified, which will help to further eliminate or mitigate the positional deviation of the heat collector tube and improve its positional accuracy. It laid the foundation.

[0173] 4. Using the actual centerline of the collector tubes as the reference for the parabolic detection equipment, precise focusing and detection are achieved.

[0174] If the detection benchmark of the parabolic reflector is positioned at the actual center line of the collector tube of the solar collector, or the center line of the mounting hole of the collector tube support, and then the position of the corresponding parabolic reflector is detected, it is equivalent to almost eliminating the positional deviation of the collector tube or controlling it within a very small range.

[0175] Therefore, by using the installation reference of the heat collection tube originating from the heat collector as the positioning reference of the parabolic reflector testing equipment, which is only 30-50mm away from its centerline, the deviation between the simulated focal line of the parabolic testing equipment and the actual centerline (focal line) of the heat collection tube can be controlled within 1mm. This can be guaranteed using conventional positioning methods. This is far smaller than the positional deviation between the simulated focal line and the actual focal line of the heat collection tube caused by several dimensional chain links, such as the sagging of the heat collector's two end support points or other positioning points to different Z-sections of the heat collector, manufacturing errors of the heat collection tube mounting bracket, and assembly errors, which are several meters long.

[0176] Therefore, by using the actual centerline of the solar collector tube as the reference for the parabolic detection equipment, the virtual focal line of the detection equipment can be precisely aligned with the actual centerline (actual focal line) of the solar collector tube. This almost eliminates the positional deviation of the solar collector tube, bringing its positional accuracy close to 100%. →100%.

[0177] 5. Utilizing the function of the focal ray parabolic surface detection equipment

[0178] The parabolic reflector of the solar collector is inspected using a focal ray. The basis of this inspection is to accurately focus the simulated focal ray source on the center of the installation reference of the heat collection tube support of each solar collector to be inspected, which is the actual center line of the heat collection tube and the actual focal line of the parabolic surface. Based on this, the position and angle of each mounting support of the reflector are inspected and adjusted using the focal ray, so that the parabolic surface of the corresponding reflector after installation satisfies the parabolic equation requirements of the simulated focal line from the ray source.

[0179] The parabolic surface accuracy and calibrated parabolic surface performance obtained through this testing almost tolerate cumulative deviations in the dimensional chain of all installation and manufacturing stages of the solar collector. It even simplifies the assembly process, improves assembly efficiency, and significantly enhances concentrating efficiency. Specific benefits include:

[0180] (1) The focal ray parabolic surface detection equipment enables the simulated parabolic focal line to be accurately focused with the actual focal line of the solar collector, which greatly improves the detection accuracy of the parabolic surface.

[0181] Because of precise focusing, the reflector is tested using the actual centerline of the solar collector tube as the focal line. This is equivalent to tolerating the cumulative dimensional deviations of a series of installation and manufacturing processes related to the installation reference of the solar collector tube mounting bracket. Then, the reflector is adjusted using this as the parabolic focal line reference. Thus, the testing and adjustment only target the accuracy of the reflector relative to the actual focal line, and are not affected by deviations in the solar collector support structure. The final accuracy is mainly affected by the accuracy of the testing equipment itself and the manufacturing accuracy of the reflector's profile, which can significantly improve the parabolic accuracy of the parabolic mirror relative to the actual focal line.

[0182] (2) Reduce the precision requirements for the manufacturing and assembly of solar collectors.

[0183] Because the focal ray parabolic surface inspection equipment achieves precise focusing, ultimately, as long as the installation position and angle of the reflector are adjusted, it is almost unrelated to the manufacturing and assembly precision of the various components of the solar collector. All components can be "matched" in the final stage, achieving a "fault-tolerant" effect. Therefore, there is no need to impose excessively high requirements on the assembly precision of the solar collector's components and processes, thereby reducing costs and saving labor time.

[0184] (3) The focal ray parabolic surface inspection equipment can perform real-time inspection during the assembly process, reducing the need for separate hoisting and inspection, saving assembly time, saving assembly space, improving assembly efficiency, and reducing assembly time.

[0185] (4) Significantly improve the light concentration efficiency of the solar collector.

[0186] The focal ray parabolic detection equipment not only significantly improves the light interception rate, but also significantly improves the light concentration rate, making the reflected light more concentrated near the focal line and away from the edge of the heat collection tube.

[0187] (5) Significantly improve the interception rate of the solar collector under all operating conditions and external disturbances such as wind speed.

[0188] Because the precise focusing detection of the focal ray parabolic surface detection equipment significantly improves the concentration rate, the reflected light is more concentrated near the focal line and away from the edge of the collector tube. Therefore, in actual use, when the collector sag changes under different daily angles θ and wind speed interference causes the collector tube and reflector to deviate from the optimal position, the reflected light from the parabolic reflector is still not easily deviated from the edge of the collector tube. This is because the high concentration rate gives the collector tube sufficient tolerance space, improving its robustness against interference and facilitating the improvement of the vectorized interception rate under all operating conditions, thereby improving the overall concentration rate of the solar thermal power plant.

[0189] (6) Reduce the diameter of the heat collection tube to lay the foundation for technical routes such as molten salt tanks to increase the heat collection temperature.

[0190] Due to the precise focusing and detection of the focal ray parabolic detection equipment, the light concentration rate is significantly improved, causing the reflected light to move further away from the edge of the heat collector tube. This lays the foundation for a substantial reduction in the diameter of the heat collector tube. Even with a reduction in the diameter of the heat collector tube, the interception rate is almost unaffected, and the vectorized interception rate under all operating conditions in windless conditions is not affected. The main impact is on the anti-interference capability of the heat collector under wind speed conditions, which leads to a decrease in the vectorized interception rate under all operating conditions. However, the decrease is limited and much smaller compared to the significant reduction in heat dissipation of the heat collector tube after the heat collector tube has heated up, which would be caused by reducing the tube diameter. A detailed analysis follows.

[0191] Based on the trend that the heat loss of vacuum solar collectors increases at an accelerating rate with increasing collector temperature, taking a heat transfer oil collector temperature of 400℃ as an example, the average heat loss of each loop during the concentrating heat collection stage is equivalent to approximately 120–180 W / m from 297℃ to 393℃.

[0192] Taking a molten salt bath with a heat collection temperature of 560℃ as an example, the average heat loss of each loop during the concentrating heat collection stage is equivalent to approximately 300-380 W / m² from 300℃ to 560℃. , specifically Figure 17 .

[0193] Figure 17 Heat loss ws of collector tubes in a parabolic trough solar thermal power plant as a function of temperature

[0194] The horizontal axis represents the temperature T (°C) of the heat collector tube, and the vertical axis represents the heat dissipation w (w / m) per meter of the heat collector tube.

[0195] Taking a parabolic reflector trough with an opening B of 6–8 m as an example, and assuming an average solar radiation intensity of Ws = 200–300 W / m² (this parameter can be updated according to the solar radiation intensity corresponding to the latitude and longitude of the target project), the heat collected per meter of the heat collector tube is calculated as follows.

[0196] (18)

[0197] The heat loss rate of the heat collection tube in the 393℃ heat transfer oil bath is... :

[0198] (19)

[0199] 560℃ Molten Salt Tank Heat Collector Heat Loss Rate :

[0200] (20)

[0201] If we take the turbine power generation efficiency of a solar thermal power plant corresponding to a heat collection temperature of 393℃ as an example... =40%

[0202] If we take the turbine power generation efficiency of a solar thermal power plant corresponding to a collector temperature of 560℃ as an example... =45%

[0203] If we take from equation (19) 10%, taken from equation (20) =20%, then the corresponding change in overall efficiency

[0204] =(1- ) =(1-10%)×40%=36%

[0205] =(1- ) =(1-20%)×45%=36%

[0206] That is, by increasing the heat collection temperature, the turbine power generation efficiency increases by (45-40)% / 40%=12.5% ​​compared to the previous period. However, due to the increase in heat collection temperature, the heat loss caused by the sharp increase in heat loss of the heat collection tube almost offsets the 12.5% ​​increase, and the overall efficiency hardly increases. In other words, the increase in heat collection temperature (heat transfer oil tank → molten salt tank) increases the heat-to-electricity power generation efficiency by 12.5%, but the decrease in light-to-heat efficiency due to heat loss of the heat collection tube almost offsets it.

[0207] The heat loss per meter of the collector tube in the above calculation data is determined to change with temperature. It increases sharply as the temperature rises, and the amount should be 10%→20%, with an error of no more than 6%. The specific value can be further quantified based on the actual measurement data of different collector tube manufacturers.

[0208] The intensity of sunlight can be further quantified based on the latitude and longitude of the project site, but the error will not exceed 30%. Therefore, the calculation results obtained from this method are reliable for qualitative analysis.

[0209] Conclusion Analysis: Taking all factors into consideration, the possible calculation errors mentioned above will not affect the conclusion of the calculation analysis. That is, increasing the heat collection temperature can effectively improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar thermal power plant, but the heat loss of the heat collection tube increases sharply. If the heat loss of the heat collection tube is not addressed, it will be almost counterproductive or the benefits will be too small.

[0210] To address the issue of reducing heat loss after the heat collector tubes heat up, solutions can be found by adjusting the heat exchange methods, such as radiation, conduction, and convection, or by increasing the heat dissipation area.

[0211] If the diameter of the heat collection tube is reduced by half, its heat dissipation area will also be reduced by half. Therefore, based on the aforementioned molten salt bath heat collection temperature of 560℃, the heat loss under the same tube diameter will be reduced from... =10% increased to =20%, in contrast, if the diameter of the heat collection tube of the molten salt tank is reduced by half, the heat loss can still remain unchanged at 10%. Thus, the light-to-heat efficiency in the overall efficiency remains unchanged, while the heat-to-electricity efficiency is only affected and increased by 12.5%, which makes the molten salt tank feasible in terms of overall efficiency.

[0212] Therefore, only by significantly improving the solar collector's focusing efficiency through a focal ray parabolic detection device can the diameter of the solar collector tube be reduced without affecting the interception rate, thus offsetting the heat loss caused by the increased heat dissipation intensity of the solar collector tube after raising the solar collector temperature, making molten salt tanks or solar collectors possible.

[0213] Example 3

[0214] The difference in this embodiment is that a suspension rod or sling 32 is provided between the two mounting seats of the keel 3, specifically as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0215] Furthermore, the boom or sling 32 is equipped with an adjustment mechanism 33, which can adjust the length of the boom or sling 32, thereby adjusting the stiffness of the keel 3 and changing the sag of the testing equipment.

[0216] This structure is adopted because the actual collectors being tested will have different stiffness due to cumulative errors in manufacturing and assembly, which will in turn result in different sags. Therefore, through the above structure, the length of the suspension rod or cable 32 can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 33 according to different batches and collectors with different stiffness deformations, so that the sag of the testing equipment is adapted to the collector being tested, thereby eliminating such systematic errors.

[0217] Example 4

[0218] The difference in the embodiment is that the detection device also includes a focal line simulation device 4. The focal line simulation device is a structure that simulates the drooping deformation of the heat collection tube. It is a strip-shaped structure with a wide gravity direction, or it can be a steel pipe, as shown in Figure 7.

[0219] Because the rigidity and weight of each batch of solar collectors vary due to manufacturing and assembly errors, and because the solar collector tubes are slender tubes with a large wire diameter ratio installed on the solar collector tube support 04, they will also sag due to gravity. Especially during operation, after the heat transfer medium is injected inside, the sag deformation becomes more severe, and it will sag further on the basis of the overall sag in the middle of the solar collector as described in Example 2. In particular, the middle part of the common 4-5 meter long solar collector tubes will sag by tens of millimeters to hundreds of millimeters.

[0220] Traditional optical parabolic surface detection equipment cannot identify this sag deformation. As described in Example 2, the deviation of the reflector is detected according to the theoretical parabolic focal line. However, in actual operation, the reflector of the collector is adjusted according to the theoretical positional accuracy, while the collector tube is actually sagling, which causes system errors, reduces the interception rate of the collector, and causes the loss of light concentration. This cumulative loss can reach 2-4%.

[0221] The focal line simulation device 4 of this embodiment is made to have the same length and stiffness as the heat collection tube after it is filled with heat transfer medium during actual operation. The upper edge of the focal line simulation device 4 simulates the center line of the heat collection tube in actual operation, which is also the actual parabolic reference focal line. By aligning the detection device with the actual center line of the heat collection tube as the focal line reference, and adjusting the position and angle of the reflector, the above-mentioned system error can be completely eliminated, the actual interception rate can be improved, or a smaller diameter heat collection tube can be designed to reduce heat loss while still maintaining a high interception rate.

[0222] Example 5

[0223] The differences in this embodiment are as follows: Figure 10 As shown, a focal point marking structure 12 is provided at the focal point of the X-ray source 1 in the detection unit 10.

[0224] Once all the collectors of the testing equipment are in place, the positional deviation between the marking structure 12 and the upper edge of the focal line simulation device 4 is used to adjust and calibrate the focal point of the X-ray source 1 of the testing equipment to match the actual center line of the heat collection tube (i.e., the actual focal line) in the simulated operating state of the collector, thereby achieving precise focusing of the focal line of the X-ray source of the testing equipment.

[0225] Example 6

[0226] like Figure 8-1 , Figure 8-2 As shown, the difference in this embodiment is that a ranging sensor 14 or a limit switch 13 is provided at or directly above the focal point of the radiation source 1 of the detection unit 10.

[0227] A height-adjustable structure is provided between the focal ray parabolic detection unit 10 and the keel 3. This height-adjustable structure includes a guide rod 23, which is fixed to the upper end face of the scale 2 and slidably mounted on the keel 3. A lifting rod 24 is vertically fixedly connected to the detection unit 10, passes vertically upward through the keel 3, and is threadedly connected to a worm gear 36. The worm gear meshes with a worm 37, which is connected to a rotation adjustment structure 38. When the rotation adjustment structure 38 is rotated, the worm 37 rotates, meshing with the worm gear 36. The rotation of the worm gear 36 further drives the lifting rod 24 to rise and fall, causing the focal ray parabolic detection unit 10 to move vertically relative to the keel 3 along the guide rod 23.

[0228] Once the detection equipment and the solar collector are in place, the positional deviation between the focal point of the X-ray source 1 and the simulated focal plane at the upper edge of the focal line simulation device 4 is measured by the distance sensor 14. Then, the worm gear 37 is rotated by the manual adjustment structure 38, which drives the worm wheel 36 to rotate, so that the lifting rod 24 drives the focal point X-ray parabolic detection unit 10 to rise and fall relative to the keel 3. This makes the focal point of the X-ray source 1 match the actual solar collector tube centerline in the simulated operating state of the solar collector, thus achieving precise focusing of the focal line of the X-ray source of the detection equipment.

[0229] Example 7

[0230] Based on embodiments 5 and 6, this embodiment connects the lifting rod 24 to the motor 39 via a worm gear transmission mechanism. When the deviation between the focal point of the X-ray source 1 and the focal line simulation device 4 is measured by the distance sensor 14 or the limit switch 13 through the focal point marking structure 12, the lifting rod 24 is adjusted by the motor 39 to make the focal point of the X-ray match the simulated focal line of the focal line simulation device 4, thereby achieving precise focusing.

[0231] Among them, the motor 39 can be operated remotely. Its operation is achieved by the control system transmitting the distance detected by the distance sensor 14 to the control system, and then the control system calculates and outputs the adjustment amount of the motor 39.

[0232] By adjusting the focal line simulation device 4, the stiffness and sag of the adjustable keel 3, and the focal point of the X-ray source, the focal point of the X-ray source of the measuring device is precisely aligned with the actual center line of the X-ray tube simulated by the focal line simulation device 4, which is based on the mounting hole of the heat collection tube support 4 of the measured heat collector. On this basis, the reference of the mounting support 02 of the heat collector reflector is adjusted to completely eliminate the optical system error of about 3-6% caused by the sag of the heat collector itself and about 2-4% caused by the sag of the heat collection tube. The actual cumulative system error is about 5-10% (i.e., interception rate loss).

[0233] The aforementioned systemic errors cannot be eliminated or accurately identified during the testing and assembly process of traditional large parabolic surface testing equipment. Traditional assembly methods often involve assembling the reflector in the assembly plant before the collector tubes are installed and the heat transfer medium is filled. The reflector is then tested and adjusted according to the theoretical parabolic surface to identify deviations. However, after the complete assembly on-site, the systemic error between the parabolic reflector and the collector tubes will be fully exposed. Currently, on-site testing can only sample the optical interception rate of the collector tubes in the minimum length-to-diameter ratio state with the collector opening horizontal. The systemic error caused by the drooping of the collector and collector tubes in this state is often small. Generally, the interception rate loss of the collector in the horizontal opening state after on-site assembly of a parabolic trough solar thermal power plant is about 3%-6%, with the best reaching an average interception rate loss of 3% (i.e., an interception rate of 97%). However, the actual interception rate loss will be higher when the collector opening is upward, even exceeding the aforementioned 5%-10% interception rate loss, meaning the interception rate is lower than 95%-90%.

[0234] In other words, if the interception rate of the solar collector opening is 94%-97% when tested in the traditional way, the interception rate will be even lower when the opening is facing upwards, even lower than 95%-90%. As a solar collector that concentrates sunlight, the solar radiation intensity is usually the highest at noon every day. At this time, the interception rate of the solar collector opening tends to be the lowest. Even if the detection value of 94-97% interception rate of the opening in the traditional way is 94%-97% when the opening is facing upwards and the sunlight is the best, the interception rate will often be lower than 95%-90% during the noon when the opening is facing upwards and the sunlight is the best. Since the concentration weight ratio is large during this period, the loss is greater and the photothermal conversion efficiency is lower.

[0235] Therefore, the parabolic surface detection equipment in this case, which can focus in real time, can completely eliminate the systematic errors caused by the gravitational deformation of the collector and collector tubes. It can effectively improve the optical interception rate of the collector tubes after complete assembly on site. In particular, the interception rate of the collector with the largest concentration weight when the opening is facing upward, left, and right can be improved by 5%-10%, and the interception rate under all operating conditions is expected to be improved by 4%-8%. For a parabolic trough solar thermal power plant with a power generation revenue of 500 million yuan, it can increase the revenue by 20-40 million yuan.

[0236] It should be further explained that by eliminating systematic errors as described above, the light-concentrating interception rate of the solar collector's reflector is improved. This enhances the focusing of reflected light onto the centerline of the solar collector tube, further improving the light concentration rate. When the light concentration rate in the region where the solar collector tube diameter D reaches 80%D can reach 97%-100%, the diameter of the solar collector tube can be reduced to 80%D. Reducing the diameter to 80% of the solar collector tube diameter reduces the surface area of ​​the solar collector tube to 64%, thus increasing the light dissipation at the same heat collection temperature. Heat loss is reduced by 36%, while heat loss from the collector tube increases geometrically with temperature. This loss accounts for more than half of the light-to-heat conversion loss in a solar thermal power plant, i.e., heat loss accounts for 30-50%, and the higher the temperature, the greater the loss. Therefore, eliminating system errors, improving the light concentration efficiency of the collector, and reducing the diameter of the collector tube can significantly reduce heat loss, potentially reducing it by 36% and increasing the photothermal conversion efficiency by 10%-20%. This makes it possible to further increase the heat collection temperature of the collector tube, represented by molten salt collector tubes.

[0237] Otherwise, even if the collector tube temperature is increased, such as from 400℃ to 500℃, and the power generation island efficiency of the solar thermal power plant is increased from 40% to 45%, the improvement... The power generation efficiency is high, but if the same collector and collector tube are used, the heat loss of the collector tube increases sharply, causing the light-to-heat conversion efficiency to drop by more than 12.5%, making it unprofitable. This is also an important reason that limits the increase of collector temperature in parabolic trough solar thermal power plants.

[0238] An effective way to reduce radiative heat loss is to reduce the surface area of ​​the heat collector tube, which means reducing the diameter of the heat collector tube. However, this would reduce the optical interception rate of the heat collector tube, creating a contradiction that is difficult to resolve.

[0239] This case eliminates systematic errors during collector assembly and improves the interception rate, especially the concentration rate of reflected light. This effectively reduces the diameter of the collector tube while still ensuring a high interception rate. In other words, even with a thinner collector tube, the reflected light from the mirror can still be collected by the collector tube to ensure the ideal interception rate. The small-diameter collector tube significantly suppresses heat loss, especially at high heat collection temperatures, making high-temperature collector tubes, represented by molten salt, possible.

[0240] In summary, the solar collector reflector installation and adjustment method adopted in this case, which uses a simulated focal line device 4 and a detection equipment positioning reference that matches the focal point of the X-ray source, can eliminate system errors caused by the self-weight sag of the solar collector and collector tubes, improve the solar collector's light concentration and interception rate, improve the photothermal conversion rate, and improve the power generation efficiency of the solar thermal power plant.

[0241] Furthermore, it effectively improves the light concentration efficiency of the collector, increasing the concentration of reflected light along the collector's centerline. This allows for a reduction in the diameter of the collector tubes, making it possible to increase the concentrating temperature of the parabolic trough solar thermal power plant. This, in turn, further enhances the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the power generation island, making it possible to increase the overall power generation efficiency of the solar thermal power plant by more than 10%. It also improves the collector tubes' resistance to wind speed interference and its interception rate.

[0242] Example 8

[0243] This implementation example Figure 1 As shown, the testing equipment also includes a simulated reflector seat 7, which simulates the tilt angle and corresponding thickness of the reflector and matches the reflector mounting bracket 02 of the parabolic surface device being tested. It is used for temporary mounting on the reflector mounting bracket 02. Figure 1 As shown, light rays are emitted from the light source to the simulated reflector 7 and reflected to the corresponding scale 21 on the scale 2. If the light spot deviates from the origin of the scale and exceeds the allowable deviation range, it indicates that the mounting surface height of the corresponding reflector mounting bracket 02 is deviated. After readjustment, the light spot returns to the allowable deviation range near the origin, indicating that the mounting surface of the simulated reflector 7 has reached the predetermined allowable position and is considered qualified.

[0244] Then, remove the simulated reflector seat 7 and assemble the reflector. This reduces the workload of readjusting the reflector mounting bracket 02. When adjusting the reflector mounting bracket 02 in this way, the reflector is not installed, which is beneficial to the adjustment space for personnel. Otherwise, after the reflector is installed, it is not convenient for personnel to adjust and observe, thus improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the adjustment work.

[0245] Example 9

[0246] This implementation example Figure 3 As shown, the parabolic surface testing equipment is installed and fixed using a side cantilever bracket 35. The side cantilever bracket 35 has two cantilever arms perpendicular to the keel 3. The cantilever arms are equipped with two second mounting seats 34. The distance L between the two second mounting seats 34 is the same as the distance between the two keel mounting seats 31 of the keel 3, which are used to support the keel mounting seats 31 respectively.

[0247] This structure facilitates the hoisting of the solar collector. The collector is hoisted by connecting the two rotating shafts 01 at both ends, with the openings facing upwards, and moving horizontally from the outside of the side cantilever bracket 35 to the bottom of the cantilever. The testing equipment is mounted on the second mounting base 34 of the cantilever via a mounting seat, adjusted for level, and fixed. The solar collector to be tested is hoisted horizontally to the bottom of the cantilever 35 and placed on the fixed bracket 06 of the rotating shaft 1. The focal line simulation device 4 is then installed in the solar collector tube mounting hole 05 of the solar collector bracket 04. The relative position of the focal ray parabolic detection unit 10 and the keel 3 is further adjusted to achieve focus of the ray source focal point and the focal line simulation device 4. After that, the position of each reflector mounting support 02 of the solar collector is adjusted.

[0248] Example 10

[0249] This implementation example Figure 9-2 As shown, the scale 2 has a transparent dial.

[0250] A camera imaging system 5 is further installed on the upper side of the solar collector. During detection, the rays from the X-ray source are reflected by the reflector seat 7 or the reflector to form a light spot on the scale 21. The camera imaging system 5 can image each scale 21 of the scale and the projected light spot. The image recognition data processing system identifies the coordinate position of the light spot on the scale, calculates the deviation of the reflector mounting bracket 02, and obtains the recommended adjustment target value of the reflector mounting bracket 02. The reflector mounting bracket 02 is then adjusted accordingly.

[0251] Example 11

[0252] This implementation example Figure 9-1 As shown, a reflector 22 is set on the upper side of each transparent dial 21 at an angle of 45-90° to the dial and facing the axial side of the keel 3. The camera imaging system 5 is set on the upper side of one end of the keel. In this way, the imaging system 5 can reduce the installation height, reduce the wide-angle angle, and improve the resolution.

[0253] Setting up the reflector 22 makes the imaging angle of the imaging system 5 more reasonable, avoids the far-end dial 21 having too small an imaging angle, and reduces the front-to-back resolution. The reflector makes the imaging angle of the dial 21 more vertical, thereby improving the resolution.

[0254] Example 12

[0255] In this embodiment, the scale 21 is set as a sensitive material for the radiation from the radiation source 1, such as a photosensitive material, and the coordinate position of the target hit by the light spot can be converted into an electrical signal with position coordinate characteristics. The electrical signal is transmitted to the data processing system to calculate the deviation of the position coordinates from the standard position and to calculate the recommended adjustment value of the reflector mounting bracket 02.

[0256] Example 13

[0257] The method of using the parabolic surface testing equipment is as follows:

[0258] Install the two keel mounting seats 31 of the keel 3 of the parabolic surface testing equipment on the two mounting seats of the side cantilever bracket 35 and adjust them to be in a horizontal state. Then place the parabolic surface equipment to be tested with its opening facing upward on the fixed bracket 06 directly below the testing equipment, so that the center lines of the testing equipment and the equipment to be tested are arranged parallel vertically, and the keel mounting seats 31 of the left and right sections are vertically aligned with the mounting shaft 01.

[0259] Furthermore, by visually inspecting the degree of fit between each focal point marker structure 12 of the detection equipment and the focal line of the parabolic surface device being tested or the focal line of the simulation device 4, if it does not meet the deviation requirements, the position of the corresponding focal ray parabolic surface detection unit 10 is adjusted by adjusting the lifting rod 24 to reach the target position range.

[0260] Furthermore, the focal line simulation device 4 is installed on the mounting hole 05 of the ray receiving device or the mounting bracket 04 of the parabolic device or parabolic trough collector being tested.

[0261] Furthermore, the degree of fit between the focal point of the X-ray source and the corresponding focal line of the focal line simulation device 4 can be detected by the limit switch 13 or the distance sensor 14. If the deviation requirement is not met, the motor 39 is rotated by the control system to change the position of the focal point X-ray parabolic detection unit 10 relative to the keel 3, so that the focal point of the X-ray source 1 matches the corresponding focal line of the focal line simulation device 4 within the allowable deviation range, thereby achieving precise focusing.

[0262] Furthermore, the deviations calculated by visual inspection or data processing system and the values ​​required to adjust the reflector mounting brackets 02 are identified. The dimensions of each reflector mounting bracket 02 are adjusted to the target value one by one. Then, it is identified whether the target position of the rays reflected by the reflector seat 7 to the scale 21 meets the allowable deviation range. If it does not meet the requirements, the adjustment continues. If it meets the requirements, the reflector seat 7 is removed, and the reflector or parabolic surface of the actual product is installed on the mounting bracket 02 one by one. The target coordinates of the rays reflected by each focal ray source of the reflector or parabolic surface to the scale 21 are identified as meeting the requirements.

[0263] At this stage, the requirements should be basically met, except for deviations in the mounting structure of the reflector or paraboloid itself. In this case, the recommended adjustment value can be identified and calculated by the detection equipment, and the dimensions of the corresponding mounting base 02 can be readjusted to accommodate the deviations of the reflector or paraboloid itself, so that the overall paraboloid meets the accuracy requirements.

[0264] When the focal point of the X-ray source of each focal parabolic X-ray detection unit of a sample of parabolic X-ray equipment fits well with the focal line of the focal line simulation device 4, and there is no need to adjust the position of each detection unit, it proves that the products of this batch of tested equipment have good consistency. It is also possible to save steps by not installing the focal line simulation device 4 on each tested equipment to adjust the X-ray source focal point position of the testing equipment, and repeating the other operation procedures mentioned above.

[0265] Example 14

[0266] Based on specific embodiment 14, the assembly process of the parabolic device or trough parabolic reflector collector under test is carried out under the testing equipment. When assembling the relevant components of the reflector mounting support 02, the reflector seat 7 is directly installed to identify the installation error of the reflector mounting support 02 and adjust it in real time. This achieves a high-efficiency process of real-time assembly, real-time testing, and real-time adjustment. There is no need to hoist the assembly to the testing equipment for testing after assembly, which reduces several steps, saves time and costs, and improves assembly efficiency.

[0267] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be permuted and combined. Those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of permutation and combination. Therefore, the present invention will not describe the technical solutions after permutation and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after permutation and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0268] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A focal-area parabolic surface inspection device, comprising a radiation source (1), a scale (2), and a frame (3), characterized in that, The rays or their extensions from the X-ray source (1) pass through the focal point of the parabolic surface to be detected. A scale (2) is set on the scale (2) with a dial (21) corresponding to the X-ray source (1). The origin of the dial (21) and the X-ray source (1) are on the same parabolic surface. The X-ray source (1) and the scale (2) on the same parabolic surface are connected and fixed by a bracket (11). The bracket (11) and the X-ray source (1) constitute the focal ray parabolic surface detection unit (10). The keel (3) is provided with keel mounting seats (31) at both ends, and the length L between the two keel mounting seats (31) is the same as the length between the two mounting shafts (01) of the parabolic device being tested. same; The stiffness between the two end keel mounting bases (31) of the parabolic surface testing equipment is the same as the stiffness between the two end mounting shafts (01) of the parabolic surface equipment being tested, so that the sag of each X-ray source (1) under the influence of gravity is the same as the sag of the corresponding position of the line connecting the two end mounting shafts (01) of the parabolic surface equipment being tested under the influence of gravity. There are two or more focal ray parabolic detection units (10), which are connected by a keel (3). The focal ray parabolic detection units (10) are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the keel (3).

2. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number and spacing of the focal ray parabolic detection units (10) on the keel (3) are the same as the number and spacing of the cross-section of the reflector mounting bracket (02) of the parabolic device being tested, and they are located on the same parabolic cross section.

3. The focal ray parabolic detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A suspension rod or sling (32) is provided between the two ends of the keel (3) and the keel mounting base (31). The suspension rod or sling (32) is provided with an adjustment mechanism (33). The stiffness of the keel (3) is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism (33) so that the drooping deformation of the corresponding keel (3) of the focal ray parabolic detection unit (10) is the same as the drooping deformation of the parabolic focal line caused by the drooping deformation of the parabolic device being detected, so as to reduce the error of the detection system.

4. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a focal line simulation device (4), which has the same length and stiffness as the X-ray receiving device of the parabolic device being tested. The mounting structure (41) of the focal line simulation device (4) matches the mounting hole (05) of the mounting bracket (04) of the X-ray receiving device. The upper end face of the focal line simulation device (4) fits the simulated focal line.

5. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A focal point marking structure (12) or a limit switch (13) is set at the corresponding focal point of the radiation source of the focal parabolic radiation detection device.

6. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A distance sensor (14) is installed on the upper side of the focal point of the ray source of the parabolic surface detection device.

7. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scale (2) has the same number of dials (21) as the X-ray source (1), and the origin of the dial (21) is located on the path of the parallel line reflected from the parabola cross-section profile of the detected parabola by the focal point.

8. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The parabolic surface testing equipment is installed and fixed using a side cantilever bracket (35). The side cantilever bracket (35) has at least two cantilevers perpendicular to the keel (3). The cantilever is equipped with two second mounting seats (34). The distance L between the two second mounting seats (34) is the same as the distance between the two keel mounting seats (31) at both ends of the keel (3), which are used to support the keel mounting seats (31) respectively.

9. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The parabolic surface testing equipment also includes a reflector seat (7), whose tilt angle and reflective surface height are the same as those of the parabolic reflector to be installed, and which matches the reflector mounting bracket (02) of the parabolic surface equipment being tested. It is used to temporarily install on the reflector mounting bracket (02) and adjust the correct height position of the reflector mounting bracket (02) through the parabolic surface testing equipment.

10. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scale (2) has a transparent structure with a reflector (22) at an angle of 45°-90° to the scale on the upper side of each scale (21) and facing the axial side of the keel (3).

11. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 10, characterized in that: A camera imaging system (5) is installed on the upper side of the keel end facing the reflector (22).

12. The focal ray parabolic detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A height-adjustable structure is provided between the focal ray parabolic detection unit (10) and the keel (3), including a guide rod (23), a lifting rod (24) and the focal ray parabolic detection unit (10) are vertically fixedly connected, the lifting rod (24) passes vertically upward through the keel (3) and is connected to the worm wheel (36) by a thread, the worm wheel meshes with the worm (37), the worm (37) is connected to the motor (39), when the motor (39) rotates, the worm (37) rotates and meshes with the worm wheel (36) to rotate, and the worm wheel (36) rotates further to drive the lifting rod (24) to rise and fall, so that the focal ray parabolic detection unit (10) moves vertically relative to the keel (3) along the guide rod (23).

13. The focal ray parabolic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the dial (21) is the same as the radiation-sensitive material of the radiation source (1), which can convert the coordinate position of the radiation hitting the dial (21) into an electrical signal and transmit it to the data processing system to calculate the deviation from the origin of the dial.

14. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The camera imaging system (5) can capture the light spot hit by the scale (21) on the scale and the X-ray source (1), and identify the target coordinate position of the light spot on the scale (21) through the image recognition data processing system, and then calculate the deviation of the reflector mounting bracket (02) to obtain the recommended value of the adjustment height of the reflector mounting bracket (02).

15. The focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The limit switch (13) or the distance sensor (14) and the motor (39) constitute an automatic or remote control system. According to the signal of the limit switch (13) or the distance sensor (14), the control system rotates the motor (39) to adjust the height of the focal ray parabolic detection unit (10) relative to the keel (3), so that the focal point of the ray source of the focal ray parabolic detection unit (10) is fitted with the focal line corresponding to the focal point of the detected parabolic surface, thereby achieving precise focusing.

16. The method of using the focal ray parabolic surface detection device is implemented according to claim 12, characterized in that, The specific usage method is as follows: Install the two end keel mounting seats (31) of the keel (3) of the parabolic surface testing equipment on the two mounting seats of the side cantilever bracket (35) and adjust them to be horizontal. Then place the parabolic surface equipment to be tested with its opening facing upward on the fixed bracket (06) directly below the testing equipment, so that the center line of the parabolic surface testing equipment and the parabolic surface equipment to be tested are arranged parallel to each other, and the left and right end keel mounting seats (31) are vertically aligned with the mounting shaft (01). By visually inspecting the fit between the focal marking structure (12) of the detection equipment and the focal line simulation device (4) of the parabolic surface device being tested, if the deviation requirement is not met, the position of the corresponding focal ray parabolic surface detection unit (10) is adjusted by adjusting the lifting rod (24) to reach the target position range. The focal line simulation device (4) is installed on the mounting hole (05) of the mounting bracket (04) of the X-ray receiving device of the parabolic device being tested; By visually identifying or using a data processing system to identify the calculated deviation and the values ​​required to adjust the reflector mounting brackets (02), the dimensions of each reflector mounting bracket (02) are adjusted to the target value one by one. Then, it is identified whether the target position of the rays reflected by the reflector seat (7) to the dial (21) meets the allowable deviation range. If it does not meet the requirements, the adjustment continues. If it meets the requirements, the reflector seat (7) is removed, and the parabolic surface of the actual product is installed on each reflector mounting bracket (02). Then, it is identified whether the target coordinates of the rays reflected by each focal ray source of the parabolic surface to the dial (21) meet the requirements.

17. The method of using the focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 16, characterized in that: If the focal point of the X-ray source of each focal parabolic X-ray detection unit of a sampled parabolic X-ray device fits well with the focal line of the focal line simulation device (4), and there is no need to adjust the position of each detection unit, it proves that the product consistency of this batch of tested equipment is good. Therefore, it is not necessary to install the focal line simulation device (4) on each tested equipment to adjust the X-ray source focal point position of the testing equipment, so as to save the process and repeat the other operation procedures mentioned above.

18. The method of using the focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The assembly process of the parabolic device under test is carried out under the testing equipment. When assembling the relevant components of the reflector mounting bracket (02), the reflector seat (7) is directly installed to identify the installation error of the reflector mounting bracket (02) and adjust it in real time, so as to achieve real-time assembly, real-time testing and real-time adjustment.

19. The method of using the focal ray parabolic surface detection device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The degree of fit between the focal spot of the X-ray source and the corresponding focal line of the focal line simulation device (4) is detected by the limit switch (13) or the distance sensor (14). If the deviation requirement is not met, the motor (39) is rotated by the control system to change the position of the focal spot X-ray parabolic detection unit (10) relative to the keel (3), so that the focal spot of the X-ray source (1) and the corresponding focal line of the focal line simulation device (4) match within the allowable deviation range.

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