A ground surface profile measuring device for surveying engineering

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ground surface contour surveying equipment for surveying and mapping engineering, it is related to ground form measurement field, including surveying and mapping box and bottom-mounted bottom plate, surveying and mapping mechanism is by moving assembly, drawing component and the side plate of installation paper, moving assembly is located above serpentine moving through slot, and cooperate with first inner tooth, the top of abutment block is connected with the moving piece of moving assembly, drawing component is installed above moving assembly, side plate is located in drawing component side and cooperate with moving assembly, drawing component and side plate are used to follow moving assembly movement, and drawing component is adjusted in height when passing through the bending of serpentine moving through slot, for the continuity of drawing pattern on side plate paper, the present application can capture the surface contour form and linear size variation in different directions of ground, especially in the variation of complex shape or irregular area, according to ground fluctuation real-time drawing on side plate paper, more accurately record fluctuation form and linear parameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of ground morphology measurement, specifically to a ground surface contour measurement device for surveying engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In surveying and mapping engineering, accurate measurement of the ground surface contour is a key link to ensure the quality of subsequent engineering construction. Whether it is building construction, road paving or large-scale site leveling, the data on the flatness of the ground surface contour directly affects the stability, durability and functionality of the project.

[0003] A ground surface contour measuring device for surveying engineering described in the prior art includes a base. Adjusting screws are inserted into four screw holes near the four corners of the upper surface of the base. A surveying component is provided on the surface of the base. The surveying component includes an L-shaped support rod, an external threaded sleeve, a first rectangular frame, a first hexagonal rod, and an internal sleeve. The internal sleeve is inserted into a first circular groove on the upper surface of the base.

[0004] While the aforementioned technology enables the toilet paper roll to move vertically according to the ground level, and the recording pen draws zigzag continuous line segments on the paper on the surface of the toilet paper roll to reflect the ground level and complete the survey, the movement mode of the surveying component is relatively simple and may not be able to obtain comprehensive and detailed information on the ground level. For example, its recording pen only draws on the surface of the toilet paper roll along a specific trajectory, and its ability to capture the contour of the ground surface in complex shapes or irregular areas is limited, and it cannot accurately record the linear dimensional changes of the ground contour. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ground surface contour measuring device for surveying engineering, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A ground surface contour measuring device for surveying engineering includes a surveying box and a base plate installed at the bottom. The base plate has a serpentine moving channel. Below the surveying box, at the serpentine moving channel, there is an abutment block that contacts the ground. The surveying box is equipped with a surveying mechanism, which controls the abutment block to move along the serpentine moving channel and records the linear shape of the surface contour according to the undulation of the ground to form a visual contour graphic. A serpentine plate is installed on the upper surface of the base plate at the side of the serpentine moving channel by screws. A first inner tooth is provided on one outer wall of the serpentine plate.

[0008] The surveying mechanism consists of a moving component, a drawing component, and a side plate for mounting paper. The moving component is located above the serpentine moving channel and engages with the first inner tooth. The top of the abutment block is connected to the moving part of the moving component. The drawing component is mounted above the moving component. The side plate is located on one side of the drawing component and engages with the moving component. The drawing component and the side plate move synchronously with the moving component. The drawing component automatically adjusts its height when passing through the bend of the serpentine moving channel to ensure the continuity of the drawing on the paper on the side plate. A sealing door is installed on the top of the outer wall of the surveying box via a hinge for removing the paper.

[0009] Specifically, in this technical solution, the moving component includes a mounting plate. A drive motor is mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate by screws. The output end of the drive motor is connected to a connecting rod via a flange. The bottom end of the connecting rod extends through a serpentine moving slot to the outside of the surveying box. An electric telescopic rod is embedded in the bottom end of the connecting rod. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is fixed to the top end of the abutment block by screws. A first ball bearing is embedded in the bottom end of the abutment block. The outer wall of the first ball bearing rolls in contact with the ground.

[0010] Specifically, the outer wall of the connecting rod is symmetrically provided with sliding grooves, and a meshing gear is sleeved on the connecting rod. The inner ring of the meshing gear is integrally provided with two retaining plates. The two retaining plates are located in the corresponding sliding grooves and are slidably connected. The upper and lower surfaces of the two retaining plates are fixed with return springs. The end of each return spring away from the retaining plate is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the sliding groove. One side of the tooth surface of the meshing gear is meshed with the tooth surface of the first inner tooth.

[0011] Specifically, in this technical solution, a vertical rod is fixed on the lower surface of the mounting plate on one side of the drive motor, and a vertical plate is fixed on the outer wall of the mounting plate away from the vertical rod. The bottom ends of both the vertical rod and the vertical plate are embedded with second balls, and the outer walls of the two second balls are in rolling contact with the upper surface of the base plate.

[0012] Specifically, the drawing component includes a sleeve, with a threaded rod screwed into the top of the sleeve. A top plate is mounted on the top of the threaded rod by a screw. A recording pen is inserted into the side of the top plate near the side plate. The tip of the recording pen contacts the surface of the paper mounted on the side plate. The bottom of the sleeve is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting plate in the moving component.

[0013] Specifically, the bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a second inner tooth, and a horizontal plate is provided at the bend of the serpentine moving channel above the bottom plate. One end of each horizontal plate is fixed to the inner side wall of the surveying box with screws, and the other end of each horizontal plate is fixed with a toothed plate. Both ends of each toothed plate are arc-shaped. The tooth surface of the second inner tooth matches the tooth surface of the toothed plate. A telescopic rod is fixed between the mounting plate and the top plate on one side of the sleeve.

[0014] Specifically, in this technical solution, a movable plate is fixed at the bottom of the side plate, and a square movable through groove is opened on the movable plate. Ear plates are symmetrically fixed at the top of the side plate, and guide rods are symmetrically provided on the inner top of the surveying box. Both ear plates are slidably sleeved on the corresponding guide rods.

[0015] Specifically, in this technical solution, a sliding plate is inserted through the movable through groove. The thickness of the sliding plate is less than the height of the movable through groove. Baffles are fixed on both sides of the outer wall of the sliding plate. The height of both baffles is greater than the height of the movable through groove. Both baffles are in contact with the outer wall of the side plate. The end of the sliding plate away from the side plate is fixed with screws on the outer wall of the mounting plate in the moving assembly.

[0016] Specifically, in this technical solution, hydraulic telescopic cylinders are installed at the four corners of the inner bottom of the surveying box using screws. The telescopic ends of the four hydraulic telescopic cylinders extend through the box wall to the outside and are fixed with support plates. Laser rangefinders are installed on one side of the four hydraulic telescopic cylinders at the inner bottom of the surveying box. The measuring ends of the four laser rangefinders extend through the bottom wall of the surveying box to the outside. The laser rangefinders cooperate with the hydraulic telescopic cylinders.

[0017] Specifically, in this technical solution, a sealed door is installed on the top of one side of the outer wall of the surveying box via a hinge, and the sealed door is provided with a transparent acrylic window.

[0018] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages: the design of the serpentine moving channel allows the abutment block to move along a complex serpentine path, and the recording pen draws continuous curves on the paper, which can capture the surface contour shape and linear size changes of the ground in different directions, especially the changes in complex shapes or irregular areas. Based on the undulations of the ground, the drawing is performed on the side plate paper in real time, no longer limited to the specific trajectory of the paper roll, which can more accurately record the undulation shape and linear parameters of the ground surface contour, solve the problem of incomplete and inaccurate measurement data, and provide a reliable basis for subsequent engineering.

[0019] A hydraulic telescopic cylinder and laser rangefinder are installed at the bottom corner of the surveying box, which can automatically adjust the level of the equipment, avoiding the tedious operation of manually adjusting the screw in the original technology, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of equipment placement. At the same time, the design of the vertical rod, vertical plate and second ball bearing under the mounting plate further ensures the stability of the movement process, reduces the impact of vibration on measurement accuracy, and enables the equipment to work stably in various environments, improving the overall convenience and stability of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional orthogonal side structure of the surveying box of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the orthogonal side structure of the surveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the orthogonal side structure of the moving component and the drawing component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the oblique axis structure of the moving component and the drawing component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the side plate structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure Descriptions: 1. Surveying box; 101. Base plate; 102. Hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 1021. Support plate; 103. Laser rangefinder; 104. Sealing door; 2. Serpentine moving channel; 201. Serpentine plate; 202. First inner tooth; 3. Abutment block; 301. First ball bearing; 4. Surveying mechanism; 5. Moving component; 501. Mounting plate; 5011. Vertical rod; 5012. Vertical plate; 5013. Second ball bearing; 502. Connecting rod; 5021. Slide groove; 5022. Meshing... 5023, Gear; 5024, Clamping plate; 5025, Return spring; 503, Electric telescopic rod; 504, Drive motor; 6, Drawing assembly; 601, Sleeve; 6011, Second inner tooth; 602, Threaded rod; 603, Top plate; 6031, Recording pen; 604, Telescopic rod; 605, Horizontal plate; 6051, Tooth plate; 7, Side plate; 701, Ear plate; 702, Guide rod; 703, Moving plate; 7031, Movable through slot; 704, Slide plate; 7041, Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0031] It should be noted that when the paper is installed on the side panel 7, a combination of slots and pressure strips is used. For example, parallel slots are made on two sides of the side panel 7, and the width of the slots is slightly larger than the thickness of the paper. In addition, two pressure strips that are adapted to the width of the side panel 7 are prepared. One side of the pressure strip has an insert that matches the slot. When installing the paper, first insert one side of the paper into the slot on one side of the side panel 7, and then insert the insert of the pressure strip into the slot on the other side of the side panel 7 so that the pressure strip presses the other side of the paper firmly onto the side panel 7.

[0032] All electrical components in this application are controlled by an external control system. For example, the microcontroller (MCU) in the control system serves as the core of the control system, receiving data from the laser rangefinder 103 in real time and precisely controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 102. At the same time, the microcontroller can be connected to components such as the drive motor 504 and the electric telescopic rod 503 to precisely control their motion parameters, such as speed and acceleration, according to measurement requirements, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the measurement process.

[0033] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a ground surface contour measuring device for surveying engineering includes a surveying box 1 and a base plate 101 mounted on the bottom. A serpentine moving channel 2 is formed on the base plate 101. An abutment block 3, in contact with the ground, is located below the surveying box 1 at the serpentine moving channel 2. A surveying mechanism 4 is provided inside the surveying box 1. The surveying mechanism 4 controls the movement of the abutment block 3 along the serpentine moving channel 2 and records the linear shape of the surface contour according to the undulations of the ground, forming a visual contour graphic. Hydraulic extension devices are installed at the four corners of the inner bottom of the surveying box 1 using screws. The telescopic ends of the four hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102 extend through the box wall to the outside and are fixed with support plates 1021. Laser rangefinders 103 are installed on one side of the four hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102 at the bottom of the surveying box 1. The measuring ends of the four laser rangefinders 103 extend through the bottom wall of the surveying box 1 to the outside. The laser rangefinders 103 cooperate with the hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102. A serpentine plate 201 is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 101 on the side of the serpentine moving groove 2 by screws. A first inner tooth 202 is provided on one side of the outer wall of the serpentine plate 201.

[0034] The surveying mechanism 4 consists of a moving component 5, a drawing component 6, and a side plate 7 for mounting paper. The moving component 5 is located above the serpentine moving channel 2 and cooperates with the first inner tooth 202. The top of the abutment block 3 is connected to the moving part of the moving component 5. The drawing component 6 is mounted above the moving component 5. The side plate 7 is located on one side of the drawing component 6 and cooperates with the moving component 5. The drawing component 6 and the side plate 7 move synchronously with the moving component 5. The drawing component 6 automatically adjusts its height when passing through the bend of the serpentine moving channel 2 to ensure the continuity of the drawing on the paper on the side plate 7. A sealing door 104 is installed on the top of the outer wall of the surveying box 1 via a hinge for taking out the paper. A sealing door 104 is also installed on the top of the outer wall of one side of the surveying box 1 via a hinge. The sealing door 104 has a transparent acrylic window. A rubber sealing ring can be used to seal the sealing door 104 and the surveying box 1 to prevent dust, moisture, etc. from entering the interior of the surveying box 1 and affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0035] When measuring the ground, the equipment is first moved to the designated ground area. The height above the ground is monitored in real time by four laser rangefinders 103 in the surveying box 1. The four laser rangefinders 103 measure the distance from their respective positions to the ground and transmit the measurement data to the control system in real time. For example, assuming that the four laser rangefinders 103 are L1, L2, L3 and L4, the distance values ​​they measure are d1, d2, d3 and d4 respectively.

[0036] The control system inputs the received distance data d1, d2, d3, and d4 into the integrated existing leveling algorithm module. This algorithm typically calculates the tilt angle and direction of the surveying box 1 based on triangulation principles or plane fitting algorithms. Taking the triangulation-based algorithm as an example, the algorithm constructs a geometric model based on the distance data of the four measurement points. Assuming that the four corners of the surveying box 1 form a quadrilateral, by analyzing the angles between each side of the quadrilateral and the ground, the tilt angles θx and θy of the surveying box 1 in the X and Y axes are calculated. The calculated tilt angles θx and θy are used to further calculate the length that each hydraulic telescopic cylinder 102 needs to be adjusted using the existing horizontal adjustment algorithm. For example, if the algorithm determines that the surveying box 1 is tilted to the left in the X-axis direction, then the two hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102 on the left need to be extended and the two hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102 on the right need to be shortened. The length of extension or shortening is proportional to the tilt angle. Let the four hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102 be H1, H2, H3, and H4. According to the algorithm, the lengths that they need to be adjusted are Δl1, Δl2, Δl3, and Δl4, respectively.

[0037] The control system sends control commands to the corresponding hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102 based on the calculated adjustment lengths Δl1, Δl2, Δl3, and Δl4. The hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102 drive the telescopic end to move according to the commands, changing the height and thus adjusting the posture of the surveying box 1. During the adjustment process, the laser rangefinder 103 continuously monitors the distance change and feeds the new data back to the control system, so that the surveying box 1 reaches a horizontal position. This allows the equipment to be automatically leveled, avoiding the tedious operation of manually adjusting the screw in the original technology and improving the accuracy and efficiency of equipment placement.

[0038] Next, open the sealing door 104, install the paper on the side plate 7, close the sealing door 104, and then the staff will start the electric telescopic rod 503 in the moving component 5 to push the abutment block 3 downward until the first ball 301 contacts the ground to be measured. Then, start the drive source of the moving component 5 (drive motor 504 in the text) to control the abutment block 3 to move along the trajectory of the serpentine moving channel 2. The first ball 301 rolls on the ground to sense the undulation of the ground in real time. When the abutment block 3 moves up and down with the undulation of the ground, it is transmitted to the drawing component 6 through the electric telescopic rod 503, which drives the entire drawing component 6 to move up and down. The recording pen 6031 draws lines on the paper that correspond to the undulation of the ground. When the drawing component 6 passes through the bend of the serpentine moving channel 2, the second inner tooth 6011 interacts with the tooth surface of the tooth plate 6051, which will cause the sleeve 601 to rotate and drive the threaded rod 602 to descend a certain distance to ensure the continuity of the drawing on the paper by the recording pen 6031 and accurately record the linear undulation of the surface contour.

[0039] When the moving component 5 moves laterally along the serpentine moving channel 2, it will drive the slide plate 704 to move accordingly. The slide plate 704 moves along the movable channel 7031 through the baffle 7041, so that the recording pen 6031 can draw on the paper. At the same time, under the action of the baffle 7041, after the moving component 5 passes through the bend of the serpentine moving channel 2, it will drive the side plate 7 to move. The side plate 7 slides along the guide rod 702 through the ear plate 701 at the top, ensuring that the paper and the recording pen 6031 always remain in contact.

[0040] After the abutment block 3 completes one full movement along the serpentine moving channel 2, the measurement process ends. The sealing door 104 is opened, the paper on the side plate 7 is taken out, and the measurement data acquisition is completed. Thus, through the design of the serpentine moving channel 2, the surface contour shape and linear dimension changes of the ground in different directions can be captured, especially the changes in complex shapes or irregular areas. Based on the undulation of the ground, a real-time drawing is made on the paper on the side plate, no longer limited to the specific trajectory of the paper roll. It can more accurately record the undulation shape and linear parameters of the ground surface contour, solve the problem of incomplete and inaccurate measurement data, and provide a reliable basis for subsequent projects.

[0041] Please see Figure 5 - Figure 7 As shown, the moving component 5 includes a mounting plate 501. A drive motor 504 is mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate 501 by screws. The output end of the drive motor 504 is connected to a connecting rod 502 via a flange. The bottom end of the connecting rod 502 extends through the serpentine moving channel 2 to the outside of the surveying box 1. An electric telescopic rod 503 is embedded in the bottom end of the connecting rod 502. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 503 is fixed to the top end of the abutment block 3 by screws. A first ball bearing 301 is embedded in the bottom end of the abutment block 3. The outer wall of the first ball bearing 301 rolls in contact with the ground. The outer wall is symmetrically provided with sliding grooves 5021. A meshing gear 5022 is sleeved on the connecting rod 502. The inner ring of the meshing gear 5022 is integrally provided with two retaining plates 5023. The two retaining plates 5023 are located in the corresponding sliding grooves 5021 and are slidably connected. The upper and lower surfaces of the two retaining plates 5023 are fixed with return springs 5024. The end of each return spring 5024 away from the retaining plate 5023 is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the sliding groove 5021. One tooth surface of the meshing gear 5022 meshes with the tooth surface of the first inner tooth 202.

[0042] A vertical rod 5011 is fixed on the lower surface of the mounting plate 501 on one side of the drive motor 504. A vertical plate 5012 is fixed on the outer wall of the mounting plate 501 away from the vertical rod 5011. The bottom ends of both the vertical rod 5011 and the vertical plate 5012 are embedded with second balls 5013. The outer walls of the two second balls 5013 are in rolling contact with the upper surface of the base plate 101.

[0043] After the surveying box 1 is placed horizontally, the electric telescopic rod 503 is activated via the control system. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 503 pushes the abutment block 3 downward until the first ball bearing 301 contacts the ground and stops. Then, the drive motor 504 is activated. The output end of the drive motor 504 drives the connecting rod 502 to rotate. When the connecting rod 502 rotates, it drives the meshing gear 5022 to rotate. Due to the meshing transmission between the meshing gear 5022 and the first inner tooth 202, the meshing gear 5022 will roll along the first inner tooth 202 when it rotates, converting the rotational motion into linear motion along the serpentine moving through groove 2. During the movement, the connecting rod 502... The moving assembly 5 moves by means of an electric telescopic rod 503, which drives the abutment block 3 to move. The first ball bearing 301 rolls along the ground. At the same time, the connecting rod 502 also drives the drive motor 504 and the mounting plate 501 to move. The mounting plate 501 drives the vertical rod 5011 and the vertical plate 5012 to move, so that the second ball bearing 5013 rolls on the upper surface of the base plate 101, providing stable support for the mounting plate 501 and ensuring that the moving assembly 5 will not shake or deviate due to uneven force during the movement. On the other hand, the rolling of the second ball bearing 5013 can reduce the friction during the movement, making the movement of the moving assembly 5 smoother and further improving the stability and accuracy of the movement.

[0044] When the contact block 3 undulates due to the ground, the electric telescopic rod 503 will push the connecting rod 502 to undulate. During the up-and-down movement of the connecting rod 502, the slide 5021 will move along the plate 5023, causing the return spring 5024 to be squeezed and stretched. The up-and-down movement of the connecting rod 502 will also drive the drawing component 6 above to move synchronously to draw graphics.

[0045] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the drawing component 6 includes a sleeve 601, with a threaded rod 602 screwed into the top of the sleeve 601. A top plate 603 is mounted on the top of the threaded rod 602 by screws. A recording pen 6031 is inserted into the side of the top plate 603 near the side plate 7. The tip of the recording pen 6031 contacts the surface of the paper mounted on the side plate 7. The bottom end of the sleeve 601 is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting plate 501 in the moving component 5. A second inner tooth 60 is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve 601. 11. A horizontal plate 605 is provided at the bend of the serpentine moving channel 2 above the base plate 101. One end of each horizontal plate 605 is fixed to the inner wall of the surveying box 1 with screws. The other end of each horizontal plate 605 is fixed with a toothed plate 6051. Both ends of each toothed plate 6051 are arc-shaped. The tooth surface of the second inner tooth 6011 matches the tooth surface of the toothed plate 6051. A telescopic rod 604 is fixed between the mounting plate 501 and the top plate 603 on one side of the sleeve 601.

[0046] A movable plate 703 is fixed to the bottom of the side plate 7. A square movable slot 7031 is provided on the movable plate 703. Ear plates 701 are symmetrically fixed to the top of the side plate 7. Guide rods 702 are symmetrically provided on the inner top of the surveying box 1. The two ear plates 701 are slidably sleeved on the corresponding guide rods 702. A sliding plate 704 is inserted in the movable slot 7031. The thickness of the sliding plate 704 is less than the height of the movable slot 7031. Baffles 7041 are fixed on the outer wall of the sliding plate 704 on both sides of the side plate 7. The height of the two baffles 7041 is greater than the height of the movable slot 7031. The two baffles 7041 are in contact with the outer wall of the side plate 7. The end of the sliding plate 704 away from the side plate 7 is fixed with screws to the outer wall of the mounting plate 501 provided in the movable assembly 5.

[0047] When the moving component 5 moves along the serpentine moving channel 2 driven by the drive motor 504, the sleeve 601 and the mounting plate 501 will move synchronously due to their connection. The sleeve 601 drives the top plate 603 to move through the telescopic rod 604 and the threaded rod 602. At the same time, the mounting plate 501 will also drive the sliding plate 704 to move when it moves. Under the restriction of the two baffles 7041, the sliding plate 704 slides in the movable channel 7031, which in turn causes the top plate 603 to drive the recording pen 6031 to move. The tip of the recording pen 6031 draws on the paper. When the connecting rod 502 moves up and down, the mounting plate 501 will drive the sleeve 601, the threaded rod 602 and the top plate 603 to move up and down, so that the recording pen 6031 can draw the undulations of the ground as waves on the paper.

[0048] During the movement, when the connecting rod 502 passes through the bend of the serpentine moving channel 2, the second inner tooth 6011 at the bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve 601 will mesh with the toothed plate 6051 fixed at one end of the horizontal plate 605. As the sleeve 601 moves, it will rotate, and under the action of the telescopic rod 604, the threaded rod 602 will descend a certain distance, ensuring that the drawing component 6 can automatically adjust according to the undulation of the ground and the bending of the serpentine moving channel 2 while following the movement of the moving component 5. The height of the recording pen 6031 ensures the continuity of the drawing on the paper of the side plate 7. At the same time, the side plate 7 will move with the mounting plate 501 under the action of the two baffles 7041. The side plate 7 moves along the direction of the guide rod 702 through the ear plate 701 at the top. The guide rod 702 provides precise guidance for the movement of the side plate 7, ensuring that the side plate 7 can follow the movement of the moving component 5 smoothly and accurately, so that the recording pen 6031 can accurately record the linear undulation changes of the surface contour on the paper of the side plate 7.

[0049] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0050] When measuring the ground, the equipment is first moved to the designated ground area. The height above the ground is monitored in real time by four laser rangefinders 103 in the surveying box 1. The four laser rangefinders 103 measure the distance from their respective positions to the ground. The control system sends control commands to the corresponding hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102 according to the calculated adjustment length. The hydraulic telescopic cylinders 102 drive the telescopic end to move according to the command, change the height, and thus adjust the posture of the surveying box 1.

[0051] Next, open the sealing door 104, install the paper on the side plate 7, close the sealing door 104, and the operator starts the electric telescopic rod 503. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 503 pushes the abutment block 3 downward until the first ball bearing 301 contacts the ground and stops. Then, start the drive motor 504. The output end of the drive motor 504 drives the connecting rod 502 to rotate. When the connecting rod 502 rotates, it drives the meshing gear 5022 to rotate. Due to the meshing transmission between the meshing gear 5022 and the first inner tooth 202, the meshing gear 5022 will roll along the first inner tooth 202 when it rotates, converting the rotational motion into linear motion along the path of the serpentine moving through groove 2. During movement, the rod 502 drives the abutment block 3 to move via the electric telescopic rod 503. The first ball 301 rolls along the ground. At the same time, the connecting rod 502 also drives the drive motor 504 and the mounting plate 501 to move. The mounting plate 501 drives the vertical rod 5011 and the vertical plate 5012 to move, so that the second ball 5013 rolls on the upper surface of the base plate 101, providing stable support for the mounting plate 501 and ensuring that the moving component 5 will not shake or deviate due to uneven force during movement. On the other hand, the rolling of the second ball 5013 can reduce the friction during movement, making the movement of the moving component 5 smoother and further improving the stability and accuracy of movement.

[0052] Because of the connection between the sleeve 601 and the mounting plate 501, they move synchronously. The sleeve 601 drives the top plate 603 to move through the telescopic rod 604 and the threaded rod 602. At the same time, the mounting plate 501 also drives the sliding plate 704 to move when it moves. Under the restriction of the two baffles 7041, the sliding plate 704 slides in the movable through groove 7031, which in turn causes the top plate 603 to drive the recording pen 6031 to move. The tip of the recording pen 6031 draws on the paper. When the abutment block 3 undulates due to the ground, it will push the connecting rod 502 to undulate through the electric telescopic rod 503. During the up-and-down undulation of the connecting rod 502, the slide groove 5021 will move along the clamping plate 5023, and the return spring 5024 will be squeezed and stretched. The mounting plate 501 will also drive the sleeve 601, the threaded rod 602 and the top plate 603 to undulate up and down, so that the recording pen 6031 can draw the undulation of the ground as waves on the paper.

[0053] During the movement, when the connecting rod 502 passes through the bend of the serpentine moving channel 2, the second inner tooth 6011 at the bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve 601 will mesh with the toothed plate 6051 fixed at one end of the horizontal plate 605. As the sleeve 601 moves, it will rotate, and under the action of the telescopic rod 604, the threaded rod 602 will descend a certain distance. This ensures that while the drawing component 6 follows the moving component 5, it can automatically adjust according to the undulation of the ground and the bending of the serpentine moving channel 2. The height of the recording pen 6031 ensures the continuity of the drawing on the paper of the side plate 7. At the same time, the side plate 7 will move with the mounting plate 501 under the action of the two baffles 7041. The side plate 7 moves along the direction of the guide rod 702 through the ear plate 701 at the top. The guide rod 702 provides precise guidance for the movement of the side plate 7, ensuring that the side plate 7 can move smoothly and accurately with the moving component 5, so that the recording pen 6031 can accurately record the linear undulation changes of the ground surface contour on the paper of the side plate 7.

[0054] After the abutment block 3 completes one full movement along the serpentine moving channel 2, the measurement process ends. Open the sealing door 104, take out the paper on the side plate 7, and complete the acquisition of measurement data.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground surface contour measuring device for surveying engineering, comprising a surveying box (1) and a base plate (101) mounted on the bottom, wherein a serpentine moving channel (2) is provided on the base plate (101), and an abutment block (3) in contact with the ground is provided below the surveying box (1) at the serpentine moving channel (2), wherein a surveying mechanism (4) is provided in the surveying box (1), and the surveying mechanism (4) is used to control the abutment block (3) to move along the serpentine moving channel (2), and to record the linear shape of the surface contour according to the undulation of the ground to form a visual contour graphic, characterized in that, The upper surface of the base plate (101) is located on the side of the serpentine moving channel (2) and a serpentine plate (201) is installed by screws. A first inner tooth (202) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the serpentine plate (201). The surveying mechanism (4) consists of a moving component (5), a drawing component (6), and a side plate (7) for mounting paper. The moving component (5) is located above the serpentine moving channel (2) and cooperates with the first inner tooth (202). The top of the abutment block (3) is connected to the moving part of the moving component (5). The drawing component (6) is mounted above the moving component (5). The side plate (7) is located on one side of the drawing component (6) and cooperates with the moving component (5). The drawing component (6) and the side plate (7) move synchronously with the moving component (5). The drawing component (6) automatically adjusts its height when passing through the bend of the serpentine moving channel (2) to ensure the continuity of the drawing on the paper on the side plate (7). The top of the outer wall of the surveying box (1) is fitted with a sealing door (104) by a hinge for taking out the paper. The moving component (5) includes a mounting plate (501). A drive motor (504) is mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate (501) by screws. The output end of the drive motor (504) is connected to a connecting rod (502) via a flange. The bottom end of the connecting rod (502) extends through a serpentine moving channel (2) to the outside of the surveying box (1). An electric telescopic rod (503) is embedded in the bottom end of the connecting rod (502). The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (503) is fixed to the top end of the abutment block (3) by screws. A first ball bearing (301) is embedded in the bottom end of the abutment block (3). The outer wall of the first ball bearing (301) rolls in contact with the ground. (502) has symmetrically opened sliding grooves (5021) on its outer wall. The connecting rod (502) is fitted with a meshing gear (5022). The inner ring of the meshing gear (5022) is integrally provided with two clamping plates (5023). The two clamping plates (5023) are located in the corresponding sliding grooves (5021) and are slidably connected. The upper and lower surfaces of the two clamping plates (5023) are fixed with return springs (5024). The end of each return spring (5024) away from the clamping plate (5023) is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the sliding groove (5021). One side of the tooth surface of the meshing gear (5022) is meshed with the tooth surface of the first inner tooth (202). The drawing component (6) includes a sleeve (601), with a threaded rod (602) screwed into the top of the sleeve (601). A top plate (603) is mounted on the top of the threaded rod (602) by screws. A recording pen (6031) is inserted into the side of the top plate (603) near the side plate (7). The tip of the recording pen (6031) contacts the surface of the paper mounted on the side plate (7). The bottom end of the sleeve (601) is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting plate (501) in the moving component (5). The bottom of the outer wall of the cylinder (601) is provided with a second inner tooth (6011). A horizontal plate (605) is provided above the bottom plate (101) at the bend of the serpentine moving channel (2). One end of each horizontal plate (605) is fixed to the inner side wall of the surveying box (1) with screws. The other end of each horizontal plate (605) is fixed with a toothed plate (6051). Both ends of each toothed plate (6051) are arc-shaped. The tooth surface of the second inner tooth (6011) matches the tooth surface of the toothed plate (6051). A movable plate (703) is fixed to the bottom of the side plate (7). A square movable slot (7031) is provided on the movable plate (703). Ear plates (701) are symmetrically fixed to the top of the side plate (7). Guide rods (702) are symmetrically provided on the inner top of the surveying box (1). The two ear plates (701) are slidably sleeved on the corresponding guide rods (702). A sliding plate (704) is inserted through the movable slot (7031). The thickness of 704) is less than the height of the movable through groove (7031). The outer wall of the slide plate (704) is fixed with baffles (7041) on both sides of the side plate (7). The height of the two baffles (7041) is greater than the height of the movable through groove (7031). The two baffles (7041) are in contact with the outer wall of the side plate (7). The end of the slide plate (704) away from the side plate (7) is fixed with screws on the outer wall of the mounting plate (501) in the moving assembly (5).

2. The ground surface contour measuring device for surveying engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical rod (5011) is fixed on the lower surface of the mounting plate (501) on one side of the drive motor (504). A vertical plate (5012) is fixed on the outer wall of the mounting plate (501) away from the vertical rod (5011). The bottom ends of the vertical rod (5011) and the vertical plate (5012) are both embedded with second balls (5013). The outer walls of the two second balls (5013) are in rolling contact with the upper surface of the base plate (101).

3. The ground surface contour measuring device for surveying engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, A telescopic rod (604) is fixed between the mounting plate (501) and the top plate (603) on one side of the sleeve (601).

4. The ground surface contour measuring device for surveying engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, Hydraulic telescopic cylinders (102) are installed at the four corners of the inner bottom of the surveying box (1) by screws. The telescopic ends of the four hydraulic telescopic cylinders (102) extend through the box wall to the outside and are fixed with support plates (1021). Laser rangefinders (103) are installed on one side of the four hydraulic telescopic cylinders (102) at the inner bottom of the surveying box (1). The measuring ends of the four laser rangefinders (103) extend through the bottom wall of the surveying box (1) to the outside. The laser rangefinders (103) cooperate with the hydraulic telescopic cylinders (102).

5. A ground surface contour measuring device for surveying engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing door (104) is installed on the top of one side of the outer wall of the surveying box (1) via a hinge, and the sealing door (104) is provided with a transparent acrylic window.

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