A Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Watershed Artificial Rain Enhancement Operations Based on Hydrological Simulation

Abstract

This invention provides a method for evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation, belonging to the field of weather modification technology. The method includes: acquiring first and second data; based on the first data, processing precipitation-runoff processes, selecting a preset hydrological model to conduct batch hydrological simulation experiments in the watershed, calibrating hydrological parameters, and constructing a watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model; based on the second data, calculating natural precipitation in non-operational areas and operational precipitation in operational areas, constructing a natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence; based on the natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence, inputting natural precipitation into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain runoff before the rain enhancement operation, and inputting operational precipitation into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain runoff after the rain enhancement operation; and quantitatively evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on the runoff before and after the rain enhancement operation. This invention achieves a scientific and quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of weather modification technology, and in particular to a method for evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the evaluation of artificial rain enhancement operations only considers the increase in surface precipitation and the physical changes of various parameters before and after the operation, without taking into account the hydrological changes in mountain catchment areas and watersheds. Existing numerical models focus on simulating cloud microphysical processes, making it difficult to directly provide the actual contribution of artificial rain enhancement to surface water resources (such as runoff, runoff coefficient, and water level), and lack a comprehensive assessment of the overall benefits of rain enhancement operations on water resources from a meteorological-hydrological perspective. Therefore, to quantify the impact of artificial rain enhancement operations on surface runoff and other hydrological elements and highlight the benefits of artificial rain enhancement operations, this paper proposes to introduce hydrological model simulation technology to quantitatively analyze the changes in hydrological parameters such as runoff and runoff coefficient in the affected area before and after artificial rain enhancement, and to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement operations from a water resources perspective. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method for evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation, in order to address at least one deficiency in the existing technology.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the effect of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation, comprising: acquiring first data and second data, wherein the first data includes a digital elevation model of the operation area, soil type data, vegetation type data and historical hydrological and meteorological data, and the second data includes the artificial rain enhancement operation time and the precipitation in and around the operation area.

[0005] Based on the first data, precipitation-runoff processes are organized, and a preset hydrological model is selected to carry out batch simulation experiments of watershed hydrology, calibrate hydrological parameters, and construct a watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model.

[0006] Based on the second data, the natural precipitation in the non-operational area and the operational precipitation in the operational area are statistically calculated to construct a natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence;

[0007] Based on the natural precipitation-operated precipitation data sequence, the natural precipitation is input into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff before the rain enhancement operation, and the operated precipitation is input into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff after the rain enhancement operation.

[0008] The effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement operations in the watershed is quantitatively evaluated based on runoff before and after the operations.

[0009] According to the method for evaluating the effect of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention, based on the first data, the precipitation-runoff process is organized, a preset hydrological model is selected to carry out batch hydrological simulation experiments in the watershed, hydrological parameters are calibrated, and a watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model is constructed. This includes: determining initial hydrological parameters based on a digital elevation model, soil type data, and vegetation type data; performing forecast calculations using the preset hydrological model based on historical hydrological and meteorological data, and comparing the calculated values ​​with the actual values; continuously adjusting the initial hydrological parameters until the error between the calculated values ​​and the actual values ​​meets the preset requirements, calibrating the hydrological parameters to construct the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model.

[0010] The watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention quantitatively evaluates the effect of watershed artificial rain enhancement operation based on the runoff before and after the operation. This includes: calculating the water resources volume of the operation area before and after the operation based on the runoff before and after the operation; calculating the increase in water resources volume based on the change in water resources volume before and after the operation; and using the proportion of the increase in water resources volume to the water resources volume of the operation area before the operation as the artificial rain enhancement contribution rate, thereby quantitatively evaluating the effect of watershed artificial rain enhancement operation.

[0011] According to the method for evaluating the effect of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention, the water resources of the operation area before and after the operation are calculated based on the runoff before the operation and the runoff after the operation, including: determining the water resources of the operation area before the operation based on the runoff before the operation and the time of the artificial rain enhancement operation; and determining the water resources of the operation area after the operation based on the runoff after the operation and the time of the artificial rain enhancement operation.

[0012] According to the method for evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention, when natural rainfall occurs in or around the operation area during a preset period before the artificial rain enhancement operation, the method further includes: determining a trend correction coefficient based on the trend of natural precipitation changes in the operation area during the preset period before the artificial rain enhancement operation; correcting the water resources in the operation area before the operation based on the trend correction coefficient; and recalculating the contribution rate of artificial rain enhancement using the corrected water resources in the operation area before the operation.

[0013] According to the method for evaluating the effect of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention, the preset hydrological model is determined by matching from a pre-constructed hydrological model according to the hydrological characteristics of the operation area.

[0014] According to the method for evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention, the historical hydrological and meteorological data include precipitation, evaporation, and runoff data.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a device for evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation, comprising:

[0016] The data acquisition module is used to acquire first data and second data. The first data includes the digital elevation model of the work area, soil type data, vegetation type data and historical hydrological and meteorological data. The second data includes the artificial rain enhancement operation time and the precipitation in and around the work area.

[0017] The model building module is used to organize the precipitation-runoff process based on the first data, select a preset hydrological model to carry out batch simulation experiments of watershed hydrology, calibrate hydrological parameters, and build a watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model.

[0018] The data sequence construction module is used to statistically calculate the natural precipitation in the non-operational area and the operational precipitation in the operational area based on the second data, and construct a natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence;

[0019] The runoff simulation calculation module is used to input the natural precipitation amount into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff before the rain enhancement operation, and input the operational precipitation amount into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff after the rain enhancement operation, based on the natural precipitation-operated precipitation data sequence.

[0020] The quantitative assessment module is used to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement operations in a watershed based on runoff before and after the operations.

[0021] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation as described above.

[0022] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation as described above.

[0023] The watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] This invention provides a method for evaluating the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological model simulation. By constructing a watershed hydrological model simulation forecasting model, it transforms precipitation data before and after artificial rain enhancement operations into quantifiable increases in water resources. This enriches the evaluation methods and indicators for artificial rain enhancement effectiveness from a water resources perspective, avoiding the limitations of solely relying on meteorological indicators. This application is applicable to the evaluation of the benefits of artificial rain enhancement at different spatial scales, such as watersheds and reservoir catchments, and can support water resources management and decision-making. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts of the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrological parameter calibration process provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is the second flowchart of the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This invention provides a sequence of monthly areal rainfall values ​​for the Danjiangkou Reservoir in the upper reaches of the Han River from 2001 to 2021.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a precipitation sequence diagram before and after the artificial rain enhancement operation in process 020827 provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This invention provides a runoff sequence diagram of Danjiangkou Reservoir from 2001 to 2021 before and after artificial weather modification.

[0032] Figure 7 This invention provides a runoff sequence diagram of Danjiangkou Reservoir before and after artificial rain enhancement operations on August 27, 2020.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the annual increase in areal rainfall in Danjiangkou Reservoir from 2001 to 2021 before and after artificial rain enhancement operations, provided by this invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the increase in annual runoff of Danjiangkou Reservoir from 2001 to 2021 before and after artificial rain enhancement operations, provided by this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0036] It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more.

[0038] The following is combined Figures 1-9 This invention describes a method for evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation, as provided in embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, including but not limited to the following steps:

[0040] Step 101: Obtain first data and second data. The first data includes the digital elevation model of the work area, soil type data, vegetation type data, and historical hydrological and meteorological data. The second data includes the time of artificial rain enhancement operation and the precipitation in and around the work area.

[0041] Specifically, we collect and organize digital elevation models (DEMs), soil types, land use, vegetation types, and historical hydrological and meteorological data (precipitation, evaporation, runoff, etc.) for the operation area. We also acquire data on the timing of artificial rain enhancement operations and precipitation in the operation area and surrounding areas (measured rainfall, radar-retrieved precipitation, and other meteorological data).

[0042] Step 102: Based on the first data, organize the precipitation-runoff process, select a preset hydrological model to carry out a batch simulation experiment of watershed hydrology, calibrate hydrological parameters, and construct a watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrological parameter calibration process provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 The calibration steps shown include:

[0044] (1) Based on the digital elevation model, soil type data and vegetation type data, determine the initial hydrological parameters used to characterize the hydrological processes of evaporation, infiltration and runoff generation;

[0045] (2) Based on historical hydrological and meteorological data, forecast calculations are performed using a preset hydrological model, and the calculated values ​​are compared with the actual values;

[0046] (3) Continuously adjust the initial hydrological parameters until the error between the calculated value and the actual value meets the preset requirements, calibrate the hydrological parameters, and construct a watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model.

[0047] Specifically, if the calculated value is inconsistent with the actual value (the error can be considered inconsistent if it does not meet the preset requirements), the hydrological parameters are adjusted until the error meets the preset requirements (which can be considered consistent); if the consistency is confirmed, the calibration of the hydrological parameters is completed.

[0048] The preset hydrological model in this invention can be selected from existing hydrological models, such as the Xin'anjiang hydrological model.

[0049] Optionally, the preset hydrological model in this invention can be determined by matching from a pre-constructed hydrological model based on the hydrological characteristics of the work area.

[0050] Step 103: Based on the second data, calculate the natural precipitation in the non-operation area and the operational precipitation in the operation area, and construct a natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence.

[0051] Specifically, based on meteorological data such as measured rainfall and radar-retrieved precipitation in the work area and its surroundings, the natural precipitation (R0) in the non-work area is statistically calculated. 自然 ) and precipitation in the work area (operational precipitation R) 作业) We constructed a data sequence of "natural precipitation - operational precipitation".

[0052] Step 104: Based on the natural precipitation-operated precipitation data sequence, input the natural precipitation into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff before the rain enhancement operation, and input the operated precipitation into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff after the rain enhancement operation.

[0053] Step 105: Quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement operations in the watershed based on runoff before and after the rain enhancement operations.

[0054] Specifically, step 105 includes the following steps:

[0055] (1) Based on the runoff (Q) before the rain enhancement operation 自然 ) and runoff after rain enhancement operations (Q 作业 ), calculate the water resources in the work area before and after the operation.

[0056] Let the water resources in the work area before the operation be V. 自然 The water resources volume in the work area after the operation is V. 作业 ,but:

[0057] V 自然 =Q 自然 *t;

[0058] V 作业 =Q 作业 * t;

[0059] Where t represents the duration of the artificial rain enhancement operation.

[0060] (2) Calculate the increase in water storage volume ΔV in the operation area based on the changes in water resources before and after the operation. 水 :

[0061] ⊿V 水 = (V 作业 —V 自然 );

[0062] (3) The proportion of the increased water resources volume during the operation to the total water resources volume in the operation area before the operation is used as the contribution rate α of artificial rain enhancement, so as to quantitatively evaluate the effect of artificial rain enhancement operations in the watershed:

[0063] α = (V) 作业 —V 自然 ) / V 自然 *100%.

[0064] This invention provides a method for evaluating the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological model simulation. By constructing a watershed hydrological model simulation forecasting model, it transforms precipitation data before and after artificial rain enhancement operations into quantifiable increases in water resources. This enriches the evaluation methods and indicators for artificial rain enhancement effectiveness from a water resources perspective, avoiding the limitations of solely relying on meteorological indicators. This application is applicable to the evaluation of the benefits of artificial rain enhancement at different spatial scales, such as watersheds and reservoir catchments, and can support water resources management and decision-making.

[0065] Based on the above embodiments, as an optional embodiment, the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention further includes the following correction steps:

[0066] (1) Based on the natural precipitation data observed in the work area during the preset period before the artificial rain enhancement operation (this period occurs before the official start of the artificial rain enhancement operation), analyze its variation over time (such as rising, nonlinear fluctuation characteristics, etc.), and calculate or derive the trend correction coefficient based on this trend. This coefficient is used to quantify the continuity or predictive change of natural precipitation background conditions over time.

[0067] (2) Apply the trend correction coefficient determined above to correct and adjust the water resources of the operation area before operation (which is calculated based on the simulated natural scenario runoff and represents the state of no human intervention) obtained according to the above steps, so as to obtain the corrected water resources of the operation area before operation.

[0068] This correction aims to reflect how the natural precipitation background within the preset time period might continue to change during the operation period if no artificial rain enhancement operation is carried out and the natural precipitation trend observed before the operation is extrapolated (i.e., a predictive fine-tuning of the "pure natural state" during the operation).

[0069] (3) Use the water resources in the operation area before the operation after the above steps to replace the original water resources before the operation before the correction, and re-execute the calculation formula for the contribution rate of artificial rain enhancement (i.e.: (increased water resources during operation / corrected water resources in the operation area before the operation) * 100%).

[0070] This recalculation updates the quantitative assessment of the contribution rate of artificial rain enhancement to the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations.

[0071] The embodiments of this invention aim to address the potential bias that may result from simply equating the pre-operation natural precipitation or runoff state (based on historical or neighboring area data) with the expected "purely natural state" during operation when there is a significant trend in the pre-operation natural precipitation background. By performing trend extrapolation correction on the pre-operation state, the invention strives to obtain a more accurate estimate of the natural state "without human intervention" during the operation, thereby improving the scientific rigor and accuracy of the final contribution rate assessment.

[0072] To more clearly illustrate the solution of this invention, the Danjiangkou Reservoir on the Han River is used as an example below, combined with... Figure 3 Explain the implementation steps for evaluating the benefits of rain enhancement operations. Figure 3 This is the second flowchart of the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation provided by the present invention.

[0073] (1) Data preparation

[0074] 1) Collect the digital elevation model (DEM), soil type, land use, etc. of the Danjiangkou Reservoir basin, and carry out watershed hydrological zoning based on GIS.

[0075] 2) Collect historical hydrological and meteorological data (precipitation, evaporation, runoff, etc.), and compile 30-50 precipitation-runoff processes for use in hydrological model simulation experiments and the construction of hydrological model simulation and forecasting models.

[0076] (2) Construction of hydrological model simulation and forecasting model

[0077] Based on the basin's climate characteristics, a basin hydrological forecasting model was constructed using models such as Xin'anjiang, TOPMODEL, and WRF-Hydro. Initial parameters of the hydrological model were determined using data such as DEM, soil, and vegetation. Then, combined with typical flood events in the basin, preliminary flood forecast calculations were performed. The calculation results were compared and analyzed with actual hydrological station monitoring results. The hydrological parameters were corrected by a combination of artificial intervention and optimization methods until the calculation results were close to the actual monitoring results. Finally, the hydrological model parameters were determined.

[0078] (3) Construction of “Natural Precipitation - Operational Precipitation” Data

[0079] 1) Construction of precipitation data from multiple years of artificial rain enhancement operations

[0080] Historical natural precipitation and artificial rain enhancement data (taking 2001-2021 as an example) were collected in the Danjiangkou Reservoir basin to construct multi-year "natural precipitation - operational precipitation" data (monthly scale), which was used for the comprehensive evaluation of the multi-year artificial rain enhancement operation effect. (See...) Figure 4The image shows a series of monthly areal rainfall values ​​for the Danjiangkou Reservoir in the upper reaches of the Han River from 2001 to 2021. The original areal rainfall represents the areal rainfall calculated from natural precipitation, while the rainfall behind the shadowing system represents the areal rainfall calculated from operational precipitation.

[0081] 2) Construction of precipitation data from a single artificial rain enhancement operation

[0082] Meteorological data, including the time of the artificial rain enhancement operation (taking the process from August 27-30, 2022 as an example, referred to as the 020827 process), the measured rainfall in the operation area and surrounding areas, and radar-retrieved precipitation, were obtained to construct a single "natural precipitation - operation precipitation" data (hourly scale) for evaluating the effectiveness of a single artificial rain enhancement operation. (See...) Figure 5 The image shows the precipitation sequence before and after the artificial rain enhancement operation on February 20, 2027.

[0083] (4) Runoff simulation analysis before and after rain enhancement operation

[0084] 1) Runoff simulation analysis of multiple years of artificial rain enhancement operations

[0085] The multi-year (2001-2021) "natural precipitation - operational precipitation" data series of the Danjiangkou Reservoir basin were input into the hydrological model simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff (Q) before the rain enhancement operations for the multi-year (2001-2021) period. 自然 ) and runoff after rain enhancement operations (Q 作业 ).See Figure 6 The image shows the runoff sequence of Danjiangkou Reservoir from 2001 to 2021 before and after artificial weather modification.

[0086] 2) Simulation analysis of a single artificial rain enhancement operation flow

[0087] Taking the 020827 event as an example, the hourly-scale "natural precipitation - operational precipitation" data sequences were input into the hydrological model simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff (Q) before a single rain enhancement operation. 自然 ) and runoff after rain enhancement operations (Q 作业 See also Figure 7 The diagram shows the runoff sequence of Danjiangkou Reservoir before and after the artificial rain enhancement operation on August 27, 2020.

[0088] (5) Quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of rain enhancement operations

[0089] 1) Evaluation of the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement operations over many years

[0090] Based on years of runoff simulation analysis results from artificial rain enhancement operations, a comparative analysis of runoff before rain enhancement operations (Q) was conducted. 自然 ) and runoff after rain enhancement operations (Q 作业The study found that, influenced by weather modification, the areal rainfall in the upper reaches of the Han River increased, leading to a corresponding increase in the inflow into the Danjiangkou Reservoir. The annual increase in areal rainfall from 2001 to 2021 ranged from 78.25 to 140.75 mm, with an average of 97.85 mm; the annual increase in inflow from 2001 to 2021 ranged from 1215 to 4364 m³. 3 Between, the average is 2451m 3 See Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the annual increase in areal rainfall at Danjiangkou Reservoir (upper reaches of the Han River) from 2001 to 2021 before and after artificial rain enhancement operations. Figure 9 The graph shows the increase in annual runoff of Danjiangkou Reservoir (upper reaches of the Han River) before and after artificial rain enhancement operations from 2001 to 2021. Table 1 shows the interannual variation characteristics of areal rainfall and runoff in the upper reaches of the Han River (above Danjiangkou Reservoir) before and after artificial weather modification from 2001 to 2021.

[0091] Average annual increase in water resources (ΔV) 水 The contribution rate of artificial rain enhancement (α) is calculated as follows:

[0092] ⊿V 水 =V 作业 —V 自然 =16396.0-13945=2451 m 3

[0093] α = (V) 作业 —V 自然 ) / V 自然 *100%

[0094] =2451 / 13945*100%=17.6%.

[0095] 2) Evaluation of the effectiveness of a single artificial rain enhancement operation

[0096] Calculation and analysis revealed that the total runoff before the artificial rain enhancement operation was 84,100 m³ / s. 3 The total runoff before the artificial rain enhancement operation was 85,000 m³. 3 The increase in water resources from a single artificial rain enhancement operation (ΔV) 水 The contribution rate of artificial rain enhancement (α) is calculated as follows:

[0097] ⊿V 水 =V 作业 —V 自然 =85000-84100=900m 3

[0098] α = (V 作业 — V 自然 ) / V 自然 *100%

[0099] =900 / 84100*100%=10.7%.

[0100] Table 1. Interannual variation characteristics of areal rainfall and runoff in the upper reaches of the Han River before and after weather modification, from 2001 to 2021.

[0101]

[0102] In summary, this invention provides a method for evaluating the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological model simulation. By constructing a watershed hydrological model simulation forecasting model, it transforms precipitation data before and after artificial rain enhancement operations into quantifiable increases in water resources. This enriches the methods and indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement from a water resources perspective, avoiding the limitations of relying solely on meteorological indicators. This application is applicable to the evaluation of the benefits of artificial rain enhancement at different spatial scales, such as watersheds and reservoir catchments, and can support water resources management and decision-making.

[0103] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a device for evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation, comprising:

[0104] The data acquisition module is used to acquire first data and second data. The first data includes the digital elevation model of the work area, soil type data, vegetation type data and historical hydrological and meteorological data. The second data includes the artificial rain enhancement operation time and the precipitation in and around the work area.

[0105] The model building module is used to organize the precipitation-runoff process based on the first data, select a preset hydrological model to carry out batch simulation experiments of watershed hydrology, calibrate hydrological parameters, and build a watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model.

[0106] The data sequence construction module is used to statistically calculate the natural precipitation in the non-operational area and the operational precipitation in the operational area based on the second data, and construct a natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence;

[0107] The runoff simulation calculation module is used to input the natural precipitation amount into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff before the rain enhancement operation, and input the operational precipitation amount into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff after the rain enhancement operation, based on the natural precipitation-operated precipitation data sequence.

[0108] The quantitative assessment module is used to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement operations in a watershed based on runoff before and after the operations.

[0109] It should be noted that the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation device based on hydrological simulation provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation described in any of the above embodiments during specific operation, which will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0110] In another aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the above-described method for evaluating the effectiveness of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation, including: acquiring first data and second data; the first data including a digital elevation model of the operation area, soil type data, vegetation type data, and historical hydrological and meteorological data; and the second data including the artificial rain enhancement operation time and precipitation in and around the operation area; based on the first data, processing the precipitation-runoff process and selecting... A watershed hydrological batch simulation experiment was conducted using a hydrological model to calibrate hydrological parameters and construct a watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model. Based on the second data, the natural precipitation in the non-operational area and the operational precipitation in the operational area were statistically calculated to construct a natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence. Based on the natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence, the natural precipitation was input into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff before the rain enhancement operation, and the operational precipitation was input into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff after the rain enhancement operation. Based on the runoff before and after the rain enhancement operation, the effect of the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation was quantitatively evaluated.

[0111] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method for evaluating the effect of watershed artificial rain enhancement operations based on hydrological simulation provided in the above embodiments. The method includes: acquiring first data and second data, wherein the first data includes a digital elevation model of the operation area, soil type data, vegetation type data, and historical hydrological and meteorological data, and the second data includes the artificial rain enhancement operation time and precipitation in and around the operation area; based on the first data, processing the precipitation-runoff process and selecting a preset hydrological model. A batch of watershed hydrological simulation experiments were conducted to calibrate hydrological parameters and construct a watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model. Based on the second data, the natural precipitation in the non-operational area and the operational precipitation in the operational area were statistically calculated to construct a natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence. Based on the natural precipitation-operational precipitation data sequence, the natural precipitation was input into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff before the rain enhancement operation, and the operational precipitation was input into the watershed hydrological simulation and forecasting model to obtain the runoff after the rain enhancement operation. Based on the runoff before and after the rain enhancement operation, the effect of the watershed artificial rain enhancement operation was quantitatively evaluated.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the effect of a watershed artificial precipitation enhancement operation based on hydrological simulation, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: acquiring first data and second data, wherein the first data comprises a digital elevation model of a work area, soil type data, vegetation type data, and historical hydro-meteorological data, and the second data comprises artificial precipitation enhancement operation time, precipitation in the work area and surrounding areas; based on the first data, arranging a precipitation-runoff process, selecting a preset hydrological model to carry out a batch simulation test of a watershed hydrology, calibrating hydrological parameters, and constructing a watershed hydrological simulation prediction model; based on the second data, statistically calculating natural precipitation in a non-work area and operation precipitation in the work area, and constructing a natural precipitation-operation precipitation data sequence; based on the natural precipitation-operation precipitation data sequence, inputting the natural precipitation into the watershed hydrological simulation prediction model to obtain runoff before artificial precipitation enhancement operation, and inputting the operation precipitation into the watershed hydrological simulation prediction model to obtain runoff after artificial precipitation enhancement operation; based on the runoff before artificial precipitation enhancement operation and the runoff after artificial precipitation enhancement operation, quantitatively evaluating the effect of artificial precipitation enhancement operation in the watershed; in the case that natural rainfall occurs in the work area or surrounding areas within a preset period before artificial precipitation enhancement operation, the method further comprises the following steps: based on the natural precipitation data observed in the work area within the preset period before artificial precipitation enhancement operation, analyzing the variation law thereof with time, and determining a trend correction coefficient according to the variation trend; based on the trend correction coefficient, correcting the water resource quantity in the work area before operation; recomputing the artificial precipitation enhancement contribution rate by using the corrected water resource quantity in the work area before operation.

2. The method for evaluating the effect of the basin artificial precipitation enhancement operation based on the hydrological simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, based on the first data, arranging a precipitation-runoff process, selecting a preset hydrological model to carry out a batch simulation test of a watershed hydrology, calibrating hydrological parameters, and constructing a watershed hydrological simulation prediction model, comprising the following steps: determining initial hydrological parameters according to the digital elevation model, the soil type data, and the vegetation type data; based on historical hydro-meteorological data, performing prediction calculation by using a preset hydrological model, and comparing the calculated value with the actual value; continuously adjusting the initial hydrological parameters until the error between the calculated value and the actual value meets a preset requirement, calibrating the hydrological parameters, and constructing a watershed hydrological simulation prediction model. 3.The method of claim 1, wherein, based on the runoff before artificial precipitation enhancement operation and the runoff after artificial precipitation enhancement operation, quantitatively evaluating the effect of artificial precipitation enhancement operation in the watershed, comprising the following steps: calculating the water resource quantity in the work area before and after operation according to the runoff before artificial precipitation enhancement operation and the runoff after artificial precipitation enhancement operation; calculating operation water resource quantity increment according to the variation of the water resource quantity in the work area before and after operation; taking the proportion of the operation water resource quantity increment in the water resource quantity in the work area before operation as the artificial precipitation enhancement contribution rate to quantitatively evaluate the effect of artificial precipitation enhancement operation in the watershed.

4. The method for evaluating the effect of the basin artificial precipitation enhancement operation based on the hydrological simulation according to claim 3, characterized in that, calculating the water resource quantity in the work area before and after operation according to the runoff before artificial precipitation enhancement operation and the runoff after artificial precipitation enhancement operation, comprising the following steps: determining the water resource quantity in the work area before operation according to the runoff before artificial precipitation enhancement operation and the artificial precipitation enhancement operation time; determining the water resource quantity in the work area after operation according to the runoff after artificial precipitation enhancement operation and the artificial precipitation enhancement operation time. 5.The method of claim 1, wherein, The preset hydrological model is determined by matching from pre-constructed hydrological models according to the hydrological characteristics of the work area. 6.The method of evaluating the effect of a basin artificial precipitation enhancement operation based on hydrological simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The historical hydro-meteorological data comprises precipitation, evaporation, and runoff data. 7.A device for evaluating the effect of a basin artificial precipitation enhancement operation based on hydrological simulation, characterized by The basin artificial precipitation enhancement operation effect evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented, comprising: a data acquisition module configured to acquire first data and second data, wherein the first data comprises a digital elevation model of an operation area, soil type data, vegetation type data, and historical hydro-meteorological data, and the second data comprises artificial precipitation enhancement operation time, precipitation in the operation area and surrounding areas; a model construction module configured to arrange a precipitation-runoff process based on the first data, select a preset hydrological model to carry out a basin hydrological batch simulation test, calibrate hydrological parameters, and construct a basin hydrological simulation prediction model; a data sequence construction module configured to statistically calculate natural precipitation in a non-operation area and operation precipitation in the operation area based on the second data, and construct a natural precipitation-operation precipitation data sequence; a runoff simulation calculation module configured to input the natural precipitation into the basin hydrological simulation prediction model to obtain runoff before artificial precipitation enhancement operation, and input the operation precipitation into the basin hydrological simulation prediction model to obtain runoff after artificial precipitation enhancement operation; a quantitative evaluation module configured to quantitatively evaluate the effect of basin artificial precipitation enhancement operation based on the runoff before artificial precipitation enhancement operation and the runoff after artificial precipitation enhancement operation.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the basin artificial precipitation enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 9.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the basin artificial precipitation enhancement operation effect evaluation method based on hydrological simulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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