Battery pack capable of intelligently monitoring and extinguishing fire

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of battery packs, in particular to a battery pack capable of intelligently monitoring and extinguishing fire, and provides the following scheme that the battery pack comprises a battery cell module, a battery shell is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the battery cell module, a control module is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the battery shell, and a fire extinguishing agent storage tank is fixedly connected to the top of the battery cell module; a plurality of equipment frames are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank, the outer side of the battery cell module is wrapped with a fireproof isolation structure, and a multi-mode sensing mechanism and an integrated fire extinguishing mechanism are arranged on the outer wall of the battery cell module. According to the invention, omnibearing monitoring is realized through the multi-mode sensing mechanism, the temperature sensor captures abnormal temperature of the battery cell in real time, the smoke sensor, the CO sensor and the VOC sensor synchronously detect smoke and gas with thermal runaway characteristics, the risk is accurately identified after data is analyzed by the control module, the problem of early warning lag of a traditional system is solved, and early discovery of thermal runaway is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery pack technology, and in particular to a battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire suppression. Background Technology

[0002] As a core energy storage component of new energy equipment, battery packs are widely used in electric vehicles, portable electronic devices, energy storage systems, and other fields. Their safety directly determines the reliability of equipment operation. With the popularization of high-energy batteries such as ternary lithium batteries, battery energy density is constantly improving, but the risk of thermal runaway is also increasing. The thermal runaway process is accompanied by high temperatures, smoke, and the release of flammable gases, which may cause combustion or even explosion, posing a serious threat to life and property safety. Therefore, battery packs with real-time monitoring and active fire suppression capabilities have become a key requirement for industry development.

[0003] Existing battery pack safety protection has significant limitations: traditional battery management systems (BMS) mainly rely on indirect parameters such as voltage and current to determine battery status, making it difficult to directly monitor characteristics such as temperature anomalies and smoke generation in the early stages of thermal runaway, resulting in delayed early warnings; fire extinguishing methods mostly rely on external fire-fighting equipment, which cannot achieve rapid response within the battery pack, and fire extinguishing agents cannot accurately target thermally runaway cells, easily leading to fire spread or reignition. Furthermore, most battery packs lack structural fire-resistant isolation designs, and thermal runaway of a single cell can easily trigger a chain reaction, further amplifying the impact of safety accidents. Therefore, a battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire extinguishing is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a battery pack that can intelligently monitor and extinguish fires.

[0005] This invention proposes a battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire suppression, comprising a cell module, a battery casing fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cell module, a control module fixedly connected to the outer wall of the battery casing, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank fixedly connected to the top of the cell module, multiple equipment racks fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a fireproof isolation structure wrapped around the outside of the cell module, a multimodal sensing mechanism and an integrated fire extinguishing mechanism provided on the outer wall of the cell module, and the control module electrically connected to the multimodal sensing mechanism and the integrated fire extinguishing mechanism respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the multimodal sensing mechanism includes a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a CO sensor, and a VOC sensor. The temperature sensor, smoke sensor, CO sensor, and VOC sensor are all fixedly connected to the equipment frame and are all oriented towards the battery cell module.

[0007] Preferably, the integrated fire extinguishing mechanism includes a fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a high-pressure driving device, and a micro nozzle array. The fire extinguishing agent storage tank is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery casing. An electromagnetic control valve is fixedly connected to the output end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank through a pipeline. The electromagnetic control valve is connected to the input end of the high-pressure driving device. A flow divider is connected to the output end of the high-pressure driving device. The micro nozzle array is fixedly connected to the flow divider and faces the battery cell module.

[0008] Preferably, the fireproof isolation structure is composed of a mica sheet and an aerogel composite layer, which wraps around a single battery cell in the battery cell module, and adjacent battery cells are separated by the fireproof isolation structure.

[0009] Preferably, a movable sealing plate is rotatably connected to one side of the battery casing, and a high-temperature resistant sealing gasket is provided at the contact point between the movable sealing plate and the battery casing.

[0010] Preferably, the control module has a built-in data processing unit and a triggering unit. The data processing unit receives and analyzes the detection signals from the multimodal sensing mechanism, and the triggering unit controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic control valve and the high-pressure drive device according to the analysis results.

[0011] Preferably, the nozzle spacing of the micro-nozzle array is adapted to the cell arrangement spacing of the cell module to ensure that the extinguishing agent can cover the surface of each cell.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire suppression, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. This type of battery pack can intelligently monitor and extinguish fires. It achieves all-round monitoring through a multi-modal sensing mechanism. The temperature sensor captures abnormal cell temperature in real time, while the smoke sensor, CO sensor, and VOC sensor simultaneously detect thermal runaway characteristics of smoke and gas. After the data is analyzed by the control module, the risk is accurately identified, which solves the problem of delayed early warning in traditional systems and enables early detection of thermal runaway.

[0014] 2. This type of battery pack can intelligently monitor and extinguish fires. The integrated fire extinguishing mechanism and fireproof isolation structure work together. After the control module is triggered, the electromagnetic control valve and high-pressure drive device start quickly. The extinguishing agent is accurately sprayed to the burning battery cell through the diversion plate and micro nozzle array. The fireproof isolation structure prevents the fire from spreading. Compared with external fire extinguishing methods, it responds faster and is more targeted, effectively avoiding reignition and chain reactions. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal main structure of a battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire suppression, as proposed in this invention.

[0016] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire suppression, as proposed in this invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the main structure of a battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire suppression, as proposed in this invention.

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a multimodal sensing mechanism for a battery pack that can intelligently monitor and extinguish fires, as proposed in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1 Battery cell module, 2 Fire extinguishing agent storage tank, 3 Movable sealing plate, 4 Battery casing, 5 Control module, 6 Equipment rack, 7 Temperature sensor, 8 Smoke sensor, 9 Electromagnetic control valve, 10 High-voltage drive device, 11 Diverter plate, 12 Miniature nozzle array, 13 CO sensor, 14 VOC sensor, 15 Fireproof isolation structure. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-5 A battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire suppression includes a cell module 1, a battery casing 4 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cell module 1, a control module 5 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the battery casing, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2 fixedly connected to the top of the cell module, multiple equipment racks 6 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2, a fireproof isolation structure 15 wrapped around the outside of the cell module 1, a multimodal sensing mechanism and an integrated fire extinguishing mechanism on the outer wall of the cell module 1, and the control module 5 electrically connected to the multimodal sensing mechanism and the integrated fire extinguishing mechanism respectively. The multimodal sensing mechanism enables all-round monitoring, the temperature sensor 7 captures abnormal cell temperature in real time, and the smoke sensor 8, CO sensor 13, and VOC sensor 14 simultaneously detect the smoke and gas characteristic of thermal runaway. After the data is analyzed by the control module 5, the risk is accurately identified, solving the problem of delayed early warning in traditional systems and realizing early detection of thermal runaway.

[0023] In this invention, the multimodal sensing mechanism includes a temperature sensor 7, a smoke sensor 8, a CO sensor 13, and a VOC sensor 14. The temperature sensor 7, smoke sensor 8, CO sensor 13, and VOC sensor 14 are all fixedly connected to the equipment frame 6 and are all oriented towards the battery cell module 1. The temperature sensor 7 captures abnormal battery cell temperature in real time, while the smoke sensor 8, CO sensor 13, and VOC sensor 14 simultaneously detect the thermal runaway characteristics of smoke and gas.

[0024] The integrated fire extinguishing mechanism includes a fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2, a high-pressure drive device 10, and a micro nozzle array 12. The fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery housing 4. The output end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2 is fixedly connected to an electromagnetic control valve 9 through a pipe. The electromagnetic control valve 9 is connected to the input end of the high-pressure drive device 10. The output end of the high-pressure drive device 10 is connected to a diversion plate 11. The micro nozzle array 12 is fixedly connected to the diversion plate 11 and faces the battery cell module 1. The integrated fire extinguishing mechanism works in conjunction with the fireproof isolation structure 15. After the control module 5 is triggered, the electromagnetic control valve 9 and the high-pressure drive device 10 start up quickly. The fire extinguishing agent is accurately sprayed to the burning battery cell through the diversion plate 11 and the micro nozzle array 12.

[0025] The fireproof isolation structure 15 is composed of a mica sheet and an aerogel composite layer, which wraps the individual cells in the cell module 1. Adjacent cells are separated by the fireproof isolation structure 15. A movable sealing plate 3 is rotatably connected to one side of the battery casing 4. A high-temperature resistant sealing gasket is provided at the contact point between the movable sealing plate 3 and the battery casing 4. The fireproof isolation structure 15 prevents the spread of fire.

[0026] The control module 5 has a built-in data processing unit and a triggering unit. The data processing unit receives and analyzes the detection signals from the multimodal sensing mechanism. The triggering unit controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic control valve 9 and the high-pressure drive device 10 based on the analysis results. After the data is analyzed by the control module 5, the risks are accurately identified, which solves the problem of delayed early warning in traditional systems and enables early detection of thermal runaway.

[0027] The nozzle spacing of the micro nozzle array 12 is adapted to the cell arrangement spacing of the cell module 1, ensuring that the extinguishing agent can cover the surface of each cell. The extinguishing agent is accurately sprayed onto the burning cell through the diversion plate 11 and the micro nozzle array 12.

[0028] In use, the battery pack, with the control module 5 at its core, coordinates the collaborative operation of multimodal sensing, intelligent decision-making, and active fire suppression. The battery casing 4 forms a closed space through a movable sealing plate 3. The internal equipment rack 6 fixes the control module 5 and various functional components. The cell module 1 is encased by a fireproof isolation structure 15. Individual cells are separated by a mica sheet and an aerogel composite layer, structurally preventing the chain reaction of thermal runaway. The multimodal sensing mechanism monitors the cell status in real time: the temperature sensor 7 embedded on the cell surface captures temperature changes, the smoke sensor 8 on the equipment rack 6 detects smoke generated by electrolyte decomposition, and the CO sensor 13 and VOC sensor 14 identify characteristic gases released during thermal runaway. All signals are transmitted to the control module 5 via wires. The data analysis unit of the control module 5 performs multidimensional data fusion processing. When the detected value exceeds a preset threshold, the trigger unit immediately initiates an emergency response. The integrated fire extinguishing system operates synchronously: the control module 5 issues a command to open the electromagnetic control valve 9, and the extinguishing agent in the extinguishing agent storage tank 2 enters the diversion plate 11 under the action of the high-pressure drive device 10. It is then directionally sprayed onto the surface of the burning battery cell through the micro-nozzle array 12, which is adapted to the battery cell arrangement, rapidly suppressing combustion. Simultaneously, the fireproof isolation structure 15 prevents the flames from spreading to adjacent battery cells, avoiding the fire from escalating. The entire process requires no manual intervention, forming a closed loop from anomaly monitoring and risk assessment to fire extinguishing, ensuring effective control of the situation in the early stages of thermal runaway. The design of the movable sealing plate 3 facilitates later inspection and maintenance of internal components.

[0029] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire suppression, comprising a cell module (1), characterized in that, The outer wall of the battery cell module (1) is fixedly connected to a battery housing (4), and the outer wall of the battery housing is fixedly connected to a control module (5). The top of the battery cell module is fixedly connected to a fire extinguishing agent storage tank (2), and the outer wall of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank (2) is fixedly connected to multiple equipment racks (6). The outer side of the battery cell module (1) is wrapped with a fireproof isolation structure (15). The outer wall of the battery cell module (1) is provided with a multi-modal sensing mechanism and an integrated fire extinguishing mechanism. The control module (5) is electrically connected to the multi-modal sensing mechanism and the integrated fire extinguishing mechanism respectively.

2. A battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire extinguishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multimodal sensing mechanism includes a temperature sensor (7), a smoke sensor (8), a CO sensor (13), and a VOC sensor (14). The temperature sensor (7), the smoke sensor (8), the CO sensor (13), and the VOC sensor (14) are all fixedly connected to the equipment frame (6) and are all oriented toward the battery cell module (1).

3. A battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire extinguishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated fire extinguishing mechanism includes a fire extinguishing agent storage tank (2), a high-pressure drive device (10), and a micro nozzle array (12). The fire extinguishing agent storage tank (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery casing (4). The output end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank (2) is fixedly connected to an electromagnetic control valve (9) through a pipe. The electromagnetic control valve (9) is connected to the input end of the high-pressure drive device (10). The output end of the high-pressure drive device (10) is connected to a diverter plate (11). The micro nozzle array (12) is fixedly connected to the diverter plate (11) and faces the battery cell module (1).

4. A battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire extinguishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fireproof isolation structure (15) is composed of a mica sheet and an aerogel composite layer, which wraps around a single battery cell in the battery cell module (1), and adjacent battery cells are separated by the fireproof isolation structure (15).

5. A battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire extinguishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A movable sealing plate (3) is rotatably connected to one side of the battery housing (4), and a high-temperature resistant sealing gasket is provided at the contact point between the movable sealing plate (3) and the battery housing (4).

6. A battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire extinguishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (5) has a built-in data processing unit and a triggering unit. The data processing unit receives and analyzes the detection signals from the multimodal sensing mechanism, and the triggering unit controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic control valve (9) and the high-pressure drive device (10) according to the analysis results.

7. A battery pack capable of intelligent monitoring and fire extinguishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle spacing of the micro-nozzle array (12) is adapted to the cell arrangement spacing of the cell module (1) to ensure that the extinguishing agent can cover the surface of each cell.

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