Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna structure and electronic equipment. The antenna structure comprises a substrate, a radiator, a first coupling piece and a second coupling piece, at least part of the radiator is located on the first surface of the substrate, and the radiator comprises a first part and a second part which are arranged at an interval. The first coupling branch knot comprises a first coupling branch knot and a second coupling branch knot, the first coupling branch knot and the first part are arranged at an interval, the first end of the first coupling branch knot is coupled with the first end of the second coupling branch knot, the second end of the first coupling branch knot is an open end, and the second coupling branch knot comprises a first feeding point. The second coupling piece comprises a third coupling branch knot and a fourth coupling branch knot, the third coupling branch knot and the second part are arranged at intervals, the first end of the third coupling branch knot is coupled with the first end of the fourth coupling branch knot, the second end of the third coupling branch knot is an open end, and the fourth coupling branch knot comprises a second feeding point. The antenna structure is beneficial for forming small-sized dual antennas with the same aperture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, more and more users are installing smart electronic devices in places such as homes or offices. Antennas, as a key component of communication for smart electronic devices, are used to enable these devices to access the network, facilitating information exchange between devices and remote control and monitoring.

[0003] Currently, with the development of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technology, more and more intelligent electronic devices are increasing the number of antennas to achieve longer transmission distances and higher transmission rates. However, as intelligent electronic devices trend towards miniaturization and integration, the increasingly limited design space within these devices presents a more pressing need for miniaturizing multiple antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device. By indirectly coupling two couplers to a radiator, a compact dual-aperture antenna structure can be formed. Furthermore, by using open-circuit transmission lines for the two couplers, the size of the antenna structure can be further reduced. This, in turn, facilitates the acquisition of miniaturized dual-aperture antennas.

[0005] In conjunction with the first aspect, an antenna structure is provided, comprising: a substrate; a radiator, at least a portion of which is located on a first surface of the substrate, the radiator including a first portion and a second portion spaced apart; a first coupling member and a second coupling member, the first coupling member and the second coupling member being located on the first surface; wherein the first coupling member includes a first coupling stub and a second coupling stub, the first coupling stub and the first portion being spaced apart, a first end of the first coupling stub being coupled to a first end of the second coupling stub, the second end of the first coupling stub being an open end, and the second coupling stub including a first feed point; the second coupling member includes a third coupling stub and a fourth coupling stub, the third coupling stub and the second portion being spaced apart, the first end of the third coupling stub being coupled to a first end of the fourth coupling stub, the second end of the third coupling stub being an open end, and the fourth coupling stub including a second feed point.

[0006] In the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment, the first coupling element and the second coupling element are respectively coupled to a radiator to form a dual antenna with a common aperture. Since the dual antennas share a radiator, it is beneficial to reduce the space occupied by the antenna structure. Furthermore, by using the first coupling element and the second coupling element in the form of an open-circuit transmission line, the size of the antenna structure can be further reduced. For example, the total perimeter of the first antenna and the second antenna formed by the antenna structure can be less than half of the operating wavelength. Consequently, it is beneficial to obtain a miniaturized dual antenna with a common aperture, making the antenna structure suitable for situations with a small floor area.

[0007] In one implementation, the extension direction of the first coupling branch is parallel to the extension direction of the first part, and the extension direction of the third coupling branch is parallel to the extension direction of the second part.

[0008] Based on the above design, it is beneficial to avoid contact between the first coupling stub and the first part, and between the third coupling stub and the second part. This ensures that there are coupling gaps between the first coupling stub and the first part, and between the third coupling stub and the second part, and also ensures that the second ends of the first coupling stub and the second ends of the third coupling stub are both open ends. Furthermore, this helps to further reduce the size of the antenna structure while ensuring the communication performance of the common-aperture dual antenna.

[0009] In one implementation, the radiator further includes a third part located on the first surface, and a first end of the first part is coupled to a first end of the second part through the third part; the antenna structure further includes a decoupling element located on a second surface of the substrate, the second surface being opposite to and not in contact with the first surface; wherein the decoupling element includes a first decoupling stub and a second decoupling stub, the projections of the first decoupling stub and the third part in a first direction at least partially overlap, the first end of the second decoupling stub is coupled to the first decoupling stub, the second end of the second decoupling stub is grounded, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the first surface.

[0010] In the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment, by disposing at least a portion of the decoupling member between the first and second portions of the radiator, the resonant current generated by the first antenna formed by the first coupler and the radiator during operation can be reduced from coupling to the second coupler through the second portion. Similarly, the resonant current generated by the second antenna formed by the second coupler and the radiator during operation can be reduced from coupling to the first coupler through the first portion. This reduces interference between the first and second antennas, allowing the CM and DM modes of the two antennas to cancel each other out, thereby improving the isolation between the first and second antennas in the antenna structure. Furthermore, by disposing the decoupling member on the second surface of the substrate, the antenna structure can be made more compact, thus facilitating miniaturization of the antenna structure. Consequently, it is advantageous to obtain a common-aperture dual antenna with high isolation and miniaturization.

[0011] In one implementation, along a first direction, the projections of the first coupling member and the second coupling member are located on both sides of the projection of the decoupling member, and the projections of the first coupling member and the second coupling member are symmetrical along the virtual axis of the projection of the decoupling member.

[0012] In one implementation, the extension direction of the first decoupled stub is parallel to the extension direction of the third part. Based on the above design, the decoupler can better improve the isolation between the two antennas in the antenna structure, thereby improving the communication performance and efficiency of the antenna structure.

[0013] In one implementation, the first end of the second decoupled branch is coupled to the central region of the first decoupled branch, and the first and second decoupled branches form any one of a T-shaped structure, an E-shaped structure, and a funnel-shaped structure. Based on the above design, the shape and structure of the decoupled component can be flexibly adjusted according to actual production and design requirements.

[0014] In one implementation, the antenna structure further includes a ground plane; wherein the ground plane is located on the second surface, coupled to the second end of the second decoupling stub, and the projections of the ground plane and the decoupling element in the first direction do not overlap. Based on the above design, it is beneficial to improve the space utilization of the substrate, making the antenna structure more compact, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna structure.

[0015] In one implementation, the first part and the second part are located on the first surface, and the second end of the first part and the second end of the second part are open ends.

[0016] In the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application, by setting the first part, the second part and the third part of the radiator on the same surface of the substrate, the integration is higher and it is beneficial to the integrated processing of the radiator.

[0017] In one implementation, the first coupling stub includes a strip transmission line and a coaxial transmission line, the coaxial transmission line including an inner conductor and an outer conductor spaced apart; wherein, the first end of the strip transmission line is coupled to the second coupling stub, the second end of the strip transmission line and the second end of the first part are coupled to the first end of the inner conductor and the first end of the outer conductor in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second end of the inner conductor and the second end of the outer conductor are open ends.

[0018] In one implementation, the substrate includes a first metal via and a second metal via, which penetrate the substrate along a first direction, which is perpendicular to the first surface; wherein, a first portion and a second portion are located on the second surface of the substrate, a first end of the first portion is coupled to a first end of the third portion through the first metal via, and a first end of the second portion is coupled to a second end of the third portion through the second metal via, the second ends of the first portion and the second ends of the second portion are open ends, and the second surface is opposite to the first surface but does not contact it.

[0019] In the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment, by setting the third part of the radiator on the first surface of the substrate and setting the first part and the second part of the radiator on the second surface of the substrate, it is beneficial to improve the flexibility of the overall antenna structure design, thereby helping to meet different production and design needs.

[0020] In one implementation, the second coupling branch has an L-shaped structure.

[0021] In one implementation, the second coupling stub includes a first sub-stub, a second sub-stub, and a third sub-stub; wherein, the first end of the first sub-stub is coupled to the first end of the first coupling stub, the second end of the first sub-stub is coupled to the first end of the second sub-stub, the first feed point is located at the second end of the second sub-stub, the first end of the third sub-stub is coupled to the central region of the second sub-stub, and the second end of the third sub-stub is an open end. Based on the above design, the third sub-stub 2 can be used for impedance matching, thereby improving the communication performance of the antenna structure.

[0022] In one implementation, the antenna structure further includes a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit; wherein the first feeding unit is coupled to a first feeding point and is used to feed an electrical signal to the first feeding point; the second feeding unit is coupled to a second feeding point and is used to feed an electrical signal to the second feeding point.

[0023] Based on the above design, when the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit feed electrical signals to the first feeding point and the second feeding point respectively, the antenna structure can form a dual antenna with a common aperture.

[0024] In one implementation, the antenna structure operates in the 2.4 GHz band of Wi-Fi or the 5 GHz band of WiFi.

[0025] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising at least one antenna structure as described in any of the first aspects above. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for multi-device communication provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top view of another antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view of another antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows a side view of the antenna structure 200.

[0031] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows a bottom view of the antenna structure 200.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a top view of another antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of an antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a bottom view of another antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a bottom view of another antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 11 yes Figure 2 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure 200 shown are presented. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following explains the terminology that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this document is merely a description of the same field in the related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0039] The limitations described in this application, such as symmetry, parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.), are relative to the current technological level and are not absolutely strict mathematical definitions, allowing for slight deviations. For example, in some embodiments, A and B being parallel can mean that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel. In one possible example, A and B being parallel means that the angle between A and B is between 0° and 10°. In some embodiments, A and B being perpendicular means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular. In one possible example, A and B being perpendicular means that the angle between A and B is between 80° and 100°.

[0040] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which can be understood as components physically contacting and conducting electricity; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in the circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors conducting electricity in a way that is airtight or without contact.

[0041] Radiator: In an antenna, this is the device used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the term "antenna" is narrowly defined as a radiator, which converts guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via a feed line, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via a feed line.

[0042] The radiator may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a wire or sheet, and this application does not limit the specific shape. Alternatively, the radiator may also include a slot or gap formed on the conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or gap formed on the surface of a grounded conductor. In one embodiment, a slotted or gapped radiator may be simply referred to as a slot antenna or a gap antenna.

[0043] Communication band / operating band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating band.

[0044] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency from 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0045] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (air wavelength, or vacuum wavelength) = speed of light / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz), and the speed of light can be taken as 3 × 10⁻⁶. 8 m / s. The wavelength of the radiated signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: medium Where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of this application typically refers to the medium wavelength, which can be the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency of 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the wavelength can be the medium wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, the "medium wavelength" can also refer to the medium wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band. For ease of understanding, the medium wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be simply calculated using the relative permittivity of the medium filling one or more sides of the radiator.

[0046] Isolation: Isolation refers to the ratio of the signal received by one antenna through another to the signal received by the transmitting antenna. It's a physical quantity used to measure the degree of mutual coupling between antennas. Assuming two antennas form a two-port network, the isolation between them is represented by their S21 and S12 parameters. Antenna isolation can be expressed using S21 and S12 parameters, which are also types of S-parameters. S21 and S12 parameters are usually negative. Smaller S21 and S12 parameters indicate greater isolation and less mutual coupling between antennas; larger S21 and S12 parameters indicate less isolation and greater mutual coupling. Antenna isolation depends on factors such as the antenna radiation pattern, the spatial distance between antennas, and antenna gain.

[0047] End / Point: The term "end / point" in the context of the antenna radiator's first end / second end / feed end / ground end / feed point / grounding point / connection point should not be narrowly interpreted as necessarily being a point or end physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a point or segment on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, "end / point" can include a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that couples to other conductive structures. For example, a feed end / feed point can be a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that couples to a feed structure or feed circuit (e.g., a region facing a part of the feed circuit). Similarly, a ground end / grounding point can be a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that couples to a ground structure or ground circuit (e.g., a region facing a part of the ground circuit).

[0048] Open terminal, closed terminal: In some embodiments, open terminal and closed terminal are, for example, relative to whether or not they are grounded; the closed terminal is grounded, and the open terminal is not grounded. In some embodiments, open terminal and closed terminal are, for example, relative to other conductors; the closed terminal is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open terminal is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as a floating terminal, free terminal, open terminal, or open-circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a ground terminal or short-circuit terminal. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open terminal to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0049] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0050] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy the antenna reflects back, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna's system efficiency. Conversely, the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna's system efficiency.

[0051] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0052] Ground (GND): Generally refers to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground" can be used for grounding components within an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board in an electronic device, or a grounding metal layer formed by a ground plane formed within the frame of the electronic device or a metal film formed beneath the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass or polymers. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a trace layer, with the trace layer and grounding layer electrically connected via vias. In one embodiment, components such as displays, touchscreens, input buttons, transmitters, processors, memory, batteries, charging circuits, and system-on-chip (SoC) architectures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board; or electrically connected to trace layers and / or ground layers in the circuit board. For example, an RF source is disposed on a trace layer.

[0053] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0054] Grounding: refers to coupling with the aforementioned ground / floor in any way. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as through a structural component of the mid-frame to achieve a physical ground at a specific location on the frame (or, physical ground). In another embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as through devices like capacitors / inductors / resistors connected in series or parallel (or, device ground).

[0055] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for multi-device communication provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0057] With the development of IoT technology, users can install multiple smart electronic devices in their homes. For example... Figure 1 As shown, users can install devices such as a TV 103, a laptop 105, a smart air conditioner 106, a smart speaker 108, a hygrometer / thermometer 111, a curtain remote control 107, a smart clock 112, a smart water heater 104, a smart camera 109, and smart lights 110 at home. Additionally, users can carry one or more portable electronic devices with them, such as... Figure 1 The mobile phone 102 shown.

[0058] The aforementioned intelligent electronic devices generally have antenna structures. In practical applications, these devices connect to a network via their antenna structures to communicate wirelessly with other devices. For example, after connecting to the network via its antenna structure, the intelligent water heater 104 can receive heating instruction information sent from a control device and operate its heating system accordingly to control the water temperature within the water heater 104. The control device could be, for example, […]. Figure 1 The mobile phone 102 shown.

[0059] Currently, to achieve longer transmission distances and higher transmission rates, an increasing number of smart electronic devices are integrating multiple antenna elements. However, with the design requirements of miniaturization and integration, the design space reserved for antennas in smart electronic devices is becoming increasingly limited. Therefore, how to achieve miniaturization of multiple antenna elements is a pressing problem that needs to be solved.

[0060] Based on the above, embodiments of this application provide an antenna structure and an electronic device including the antenna structure. By indirectly coupling two coupling elements to a radiator, the antenna structure can form a small-sized common-aperture dual antenna. Furthermore, by using open-circuit transmission lines for the two coupling elements, the size of the antenna structure can be further reduced. This, in turn, facilitates the acquisition of a miniaturized common-aperture dual antenna.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. It should be understood that... Figure 2 The antenna structure 200 shown can be located in each of the aforementioned smart electronic devices.

[0062] See Figure 2 The antenna structure 200 includes a substrate 210, a radiator 220, a first coupling element 230, and a second coupling element 240.

[0063] The radiator 220 is located at least partly on the first surface 211 of the substrate 210, and the radiator 220 includes a first portion 221 and a second portion 223 spaced apart.

[0064] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the spacing between the first part 221 and the second part 223 may refer to the coupling between the first part 221 and the second part 223 through other parts of the radiator 220.

[0065] For example, in one embodiment, the radiator 220 further includes a third portion 222 located on the first surface 211. A first end of the first portion 221 is coupled to a first end of the second portion 223 via the third portion 222.

[0066] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the extending directions of the first part 221 and the second part 223 are different from the extending direction of the third part 222, that is, the first part 221 and the second part 223 are not parallel to the third part 222. Furthermore, the extending directions of the first part 221 and the second part 223 can be the same or different, that is, the first part 221 can be parallel to the second part 223 or not. For ease of description and understanding, the embodiments of this application are described as follows... Figure 2 The first part 221 and the second part 223 shown have the same extension direction, and the extension direction of the first part 221 and the second part 223 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the third part 222. That is, the radiator 220 has a U-shaped structure as an example.

[0067] The first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 are located on the first surface 211 of the substrate 210.

[0068] The first coupling element 230 includes a first coupling stub 231 and a second coupling stub 232. The first coupling stub 231 and the first portion 221 are spaced apart to form a first gap M1, thereby coupling the first coupling stub 231 and the first portion 221 together through the first gap M1. The first end of the first coupling stub 231 is coupled to the first end of the second coupling stub 232, and the second end of the first coupling stub 231 is an open end. In other words, the first coupling stub 231 in the first coupling element 230, used for coupling with the first portion 221, is in the form of an open transmission line.

[0069] Furthermore, the second coupling stub 232 includes a first feed point 2311. In this way, an electrical signal can be fed to the first coupler 230 through the first feed point 2311. The first coupler 230 is coupled to the radiator 220 through the first gap M1 between the first coupling stub 231 and the first portion 221 to form the first antenna 30 in the antenna structure 200.

[0070] Similarly, the second coupling element 240 includes a third coupling stub 241 and a fourth coupling stub 242. The third coupling stub 241 is spaced apart from the second portion 223 to form a second gap M2 between the third coupling stub 241 and the second portion 223, thereby coupling the third coupling stub 241 and the second portion 223 together through the second gap M2. The first end of the third coupling stub 241 is coupled to the first end of the fourth coupling stub 242, and the other end of the third coupling stub 242 is an open end. That is, the third coupling stub 241 in the second coupling element 240 for coupling with the second portion 222 also takes the form of an open transmission line.

[0071] Furthermore, the fourth coupling stub 242 includes a second feed point 2421. Thus, an electrical signal can be fed to the second coupler 240 through the second feed point 2421, and the second coupler 240 is coupled to the radiator 220 through the second gap M2 between the third coupling stub 241 and the second portion 223 to form the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200.

[0072] In practical applications, by feeding power at the first feed point 2311 and the second feed point 2421 respectively, the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200 can operate in common mode (CM) mode and differential mode (DM) mode respectively.

[0073] In the antenna structure 200 provided in this embodiment, the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 are respectively coupled to the radiator 220 to form a dual antenna with a common aperture. Since the dual antennas share the radiator 220, it is beneficial to reduce the space occupied by the antenna structure 200. Furthermore, by using the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 in the form of open transmission lines, the size of the antenna structure 200 can be further reduced. For example, the total perimeter of the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 formed by the antenna structure 200 can be less than half of the operating wavelength. Consequently, it is beneficial to obtain a miniaturized dual antenna with a common aperture, making the antenna structure 200 suitable for situations with a small floor area.

[0074] In one embodiment, the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 may be located on both sides of the central axis of the first surface 211 and symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the first surface 211. The center (e.g., the geometric center) of the first surface 211 is located on the central axis of the first surface 211.

[0075] It should be understood that the relative positions of the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 on the first surface 211 are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. In the embodiments of this application, the relative positions of the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 on the first surface 211 are sufficient to ensure that the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 do not contact each other and are coupled to the first part 221 and the second part 223 respectively.

[0076] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the structures of the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 may be the same or different, and this application does not impose any limitations on this. For ease of description and understanding, the embodiments of this application are described using the example of the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 having the same structure. That is to say, the following description of the first coupling member 230 also applies to the second coupling member 240.

[0077] In one embodiment, the extension direction of the first coupling branch 231 is parallel to the extension direction of the first portion 221, and the extension direction of the third coupling branch 241 is parallel to the extension direction of the second portion 223. That is, the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, and the third coupling branch 241 and the second portion 223 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart.

[0078] Based on the above design, it is beneficial to avoid contact between the first coupling stub 231 and the first part 221, and between the third coupling stub 241 and the second part 223. This ensures that there are coupling gaps between the first coupling stub 231 and the first part 221, and between the third coupling stub 241 and the second part 223, and also ensures that the second ends of the first coupling stub 231 and the third coupling stub 241 are both open ends. Furthermore, it is beneficial to further reduce the size of the antenna structure 200 while ensuring the communication performance of the common-aperture dual antenna formed by the antenna structure 200.

[0079] It should be understood that the extension direction relationships between the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221, and between the third coupling branch 241 and the second portion 223, are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. For example, in some other embodiments, the extension direction of the first coupling branch 231 may intersect with the extension direction of the first portion 221, but at the same time, there is a gap between the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221 to prevent them from contacting each other, and this gap may serve as a first gap M1 for coupling connection between the first coupling branch 231 and the first portion 221.

[0080] In one example, the first coupling stub 231, the third coupling stub 241, the first portion 221, and the second portion 223 are all linear structures, and the extension directions of the first coupling stub 231, the third coupling stub 241, the first portion 231, and the second portion 223 are parallel. This facilitates the standardized design of the antenna structure 200 as a whole and reduces the fabrication difficulty of the antenna structure 200.

[0081] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, when the first coupling branch 231, the third coupling branch 241, the first part 221 and the second part 223 extend in parallel directions, the interval between the first coupling branch 231 and the first part 221, and the interval between the third coupling branch 241 and the second part 223 may be equal or unequal, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0082] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are located on the first surface 211 of the substrate 210. The first end of the first portion 221 is coupled to the first end of the second portion 223 through the third portion 222, and the second ends of the first portion 221 and the second ends of the second portion 223 are open ends.

[0083] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the second end of the first part 221 being an open end can mean that the second end of the first part 221 itself is an open end, or it can mean that the structure coupled to the second end of the first part 221 includes an open end.

[0084] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first coupling stub 231 and the second coupling stub 232 are strip transmission lines, and the second end of the first part 221 is itself an open end.

[0085] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a top view of another antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0086] Among them, with Figure 2 The first coupling stub 231 and the second coupling stub 232 shown are both strip transmission lines, but they differ in that... Figure 3In the example shown, the first coupling stub 231 includes a strip transmission line 2311 and a coaxial transmission line 2312, the coaxial transmission line 2312 including an inner conductor and an outer conductor spaced apart. The extension direction of the strip transmission line 2311 is parallel to the extension direction of the first portion 221. The first end of the strip transmission line 2311 is coupled to the first end of the second coupling stub 232. The second end of the strip transmission line 2311 and the second end of the first portion 221 are coupled to the first ends of the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial transmission line 2312 respectively, and both the second ends of the inner conductor and the second ends of the outer conductor are open ends.

[0087] In one example, the second end of the strip transmission line 2311 may be coupled to the first end of the inner conductor, and the second end of the first portion 221 may be coupled to the first end of the outer conductor. That is, the second end of the first portion 221 being an open end can mean that the second end of the outer conductor of the coaxial transmission line 2312 coupled to the second end of the first portion 221 is an open end. In another example, the second end of the strip transmission line 2311 may be coupled to the first end of the outer conductor, and the second end of the first portion 221 may be coupled to the first end of the inner conductor. That is, the second end of the first portion 221 being an open end can mean that the second end of the inner conductor of the coaxial transmission line 2312 coupled to the second end of the first portion 221 is an open end.

[0088] It should be understood that the above description regarding the second end being an open end in Part 1, 221, also applies to the second end being an open end in Part 2, 223. For the sake of brevity, this will not be elaborated further here.

[0089] In this embodiment, by disposing the first portion 221, the second portion 223, and the third portion 222 of the radiator 220 on the same surface of the substrate 210, the integration is higher and it is beneficial to the integrated processing of the radiator 220.

[0090] In another embodiment, combined with Figures 4 to 6 , Figure 4 This is a top view of another antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 For along Figure 4 The diagram shows a side view of the antenna structure along the y-direction. Figure 6 for Figure 4 The diagram shows a bottom view of the antenna structure 200. Figures 2 to 3 The difference between the illustrated embodiment and the one shown is that, in Figures 4 to 6 In the embodiment shown, the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are located on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210, and the second surface 212 is opposite to and does not contact the first surface 211.

[0091] Specifically, the substrate 210 includes a first metal via 213 and a second metal via 214. The first metal via 213 and the second metal via 214 penetrate the substrate 210 along a first direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the first surface 211 (e.g., the y-direction). The first portion 221 and the second portion 223 are located on the second surface 212. The first end of the first portion 221 is coupled to the first end of the third portion 222 through the metal via 213, and the first end of the second portion 223 is coupled to the second end of the third portion 222. The second ends of the first portion 221 and the second ends of the third portion 222 are open ends.

[0092] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, by setting the third part 222 of the radiator 220 on the first surface 211 of the substrate 210, and setting the first part 221 and the second part 223 of the radiator 220 on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210, it is beneficial to improve the flexibility of the overall design of the antenna structure 200, thereby helping to meet different production and design needs.

[0093] In one embodiment, continue to combine Figure 2 The second coupling branch 232 can be called an L-shaped structure.

[0094] In another embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of another antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the second coupling stub 232 may include a first sub-stub 2322, a second sub-stub 2323, and a third sub-stub 2324. The first end of the first sub-stub 2322 is coupled to the first end of the first coupling stub 231, and the second end of the first sub-stub 2322 is coupled to the first end of the second sub-stub 2323. The first feed point 2311 is located at the second end of the second sub-stub 2323. The first end of the third sub-stub 2324 is coupled to the central region of the second sub-stub 2323, and the second end of the third sub-stub 2324 is an open end.

[0095] For example, the extension direction of the first sub-branch 2321 and the extension direction of the third sub-branch 2323 are parallel and perpendicular to the extension direction of the second sub-branch 2322, and the extension direction of the second sub-branch 2322 is parallel to the extension direction of the first coupling branch 231.

[0096] Based on the above design, it is beneficial to the regularization of the antenna structure 200 and facilitates its fabrication and production. Furthermore, the third sub-stub 2323 can also be used for impedance matching of the first coupler 230, thereby improving the communication performance of the antenna structure 200.

[0097] It should be understood that the above description of the shape and structure of the second coupling branch 232 is only schematic and can be flexibly adjusted according to actual production and design needs. This application does not impose any restrictions on it.

[0098] It should also be understood that the above description of the second coupling branch 232 also applies to the fourth coupling branch 242, and will not be repeated here to avoid redundancy.

[0099] The above describes the radiator 220, the first coupling element 230, and the second coupling element 240 in the antenna structure 200. The following will further introduce the other main structures in the antenna structure 200.

[0100] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of an antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0101] In one embodiment, combined Figure 2 and Figure 8 The antenna structure 200 also includes a decoupling element 250 located on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210. The decoupling element 250 includes a first decoupling stub 251 and a second decoupling stub 252. The projections of the first decoupling stub 251 and the third portion 222 in a first direction (e.g., the y-direction) at least partially overlap. That is, at least a portion of the decoupling element 250 is disposed between the first portion 221 and the second portion 223. A first end of the second decoupling stub 252 is coupled to the first decoupling stub 251, and a second end of the second decoupling stub 252 is grounded.

[0102] For example, the decoupling element 250 can be printed on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210.

[0103] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, by disposing at least a portion of the decoupling member 250 between the first portion 221 and the second portion 223 of the radiator 220, the resonant current generated by the first antenna 30 formed by the first coupling member 230 and the radiator 220 during operation can be reduced from coupling to the second coupling member 240 through the second portion 223. Similarly, the resonant current generated by the second antenna 40 formed by the second coupling member 240 and the radiator 220 during operation can be reduced from coupling to the first coupling member 230 through the first portion 221. This reduces interference between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40, allowing the CM and DM modes of the two antennas to cancel each other out, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200. Furthermore, by disposing the decoupling member 250 on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210, the space utilization of the substrate 210 can be improved, making the antenna structure 200 more compact, thus facilitating miniaturization of the antenna structure 200. Consequently, it is advantageous to obtain a common-aperture dual antenna with high isolation and miniaturization.

[0104] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, along a first direction (e.g., the y-direction), the projections of the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 are located on either side of the projection of the decoupling member 250, and the projections of the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 are symmetrical about the virtual axis of the projection of the decoupling member 250. That is, along... Figure 8 In the x-direction shown, the first coupling member 230 and the second coupling member 240 are symmetrically arranged along the virtual axis of the decoupling member 250.

[0105] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the virtual axis of the decoupling member 250 may refer to the central axis of the decoupling member 250. The decoupling member 250 is structurally symmetrical on both sides of this central axis, and the center (e.g., the geometric center) of the decoupling member 250 is located on this central axis.

[0106] Based on the above design, the decoupling element 250 can better improve the isolation between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200, thereby improving the communication performance and efficiency of the antenna structure 200.

[0107] In one embodiment, the extension direction of the first decoupling stub 251 is parallel to the extension direction of the third portion 222. This allows the projected portions of the first decoupling stub 251 and the third portion 222 in the first direction (e.g., the y-direction) to have more overlapping area, thereby enabling the decoupling element 250 to better improve the isolation between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200.

[0108] In one embodiment, combined Figures 8 to 10 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 These are bottom-view structural diagrams of another antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the first end of the second decoupled branch 252 is coupled to the central region of the first decoupled branch 251, and the first decoupled branch 251 and the second decoupled branch form any one of the following structures: T-shaped structure, E-shaped structure and funnel-shaped structure.

[0109] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the central region of the first decoupling stub 251 includes the midpoint of the first decoupling stub 251. Based on the above design, the decoupling element 250 can be formed into a symmetrical structure, which is beneficial for the first coupling element 230 and the second coupling element 240 to be symmetrically arranged along the virtual axis of the decoupling element 250. Furthermore, the decoupling element 250 can better improve the isolation between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in the antenna structure 200, thereby improving the communication performance and efficiency of the antenna structure 200.

[0110] It should also be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the shape and structure of the above-mentioned decoupling member 250 are only schematic and can be flexibly adjusted according to actual production and design needs. The embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0111] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the antenna structure 200 also includes a ground plane 260. The ground plane 260 is located on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210, and the second end of the ground plane 260 is grounded to the second end of the second decoupling stub 252. Furthermore, the projections of the ground plane 260 and the decoupling member 250 in a first direction (e.g., the y-direction) do not overlap. The ground plane 260 can be, for example, printed on the second surface 212 of the substrate 210.

[0112] Based on the above design, it is beneficial to improve the space utilization of the substrate 210, make the antenna structure 200 more compact, and thus facilitate the miniaturization of the antenna structure 200.

[0113] It should be understood that the location of the floor 260 described in this embodiment is merely illustrative. For example, in another embodiment, the projections of the floor 260 and the substrate 210 in the first direction (e.g., the y-direction) do not overlap. That is, the floor 260 can be located outside the substrate 210. In practical applications, the location of the floor 260 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual production and design requirements, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0114] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 200 further includes a first feeding unit 271 and a second feeding unit 272, such as Figure 2 As shown. The first feed unit 271 is coupled to the first feed point 2311, and the second feed unit 272 is coupled to the second feed point 2421. The first feed unit is used to feed an electrical signal to the first feed point 2311 to enable the first antenna 30 formed by the first coupler 230 and the radiator 220 to operate. The second feed unit is used to feed an electrical signal to the second feed point 2421 to enable the second antenna 40 formed by the second coupler 240 and the radiator 220 to operate.

[0115] For example, the antenna structure 200 further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit. The first matching circuit is coupled between the first feed unit 271 and the first feed point 2311 for impedance matching. The second matching circuit is coupled between the second feed unit 272 and the second feed point 2421 for impedance matching. This allows the antenna structure 200 to have good radiation characteristics.

[0116] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 200 includes the 2.4 GHz band for wireless fidelity (WiFi) or the 5 GHz band for WiFi.

[0117] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the operating frequency bands of the first antenna 30 formed by the first coupler 230 and the radiator 220, and the second antenna 40 formed by the second coupler 240 and the radiator 220, can both include the 2.4G frequency band of WiFi, or the 5G frequency band of WiFi.

[0118] Figure 11 This is provided by the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure 200 shown are illustrated. Figure 11 As shown, the operating frequency band of antenna structure 200 includes the 2.4 GHz band of WiFi. Specifically, the S11 of antenna structure 200 in the 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz band is less than -6 dB, indicating good system efficiency. Furthermore, in the 2.4 GHz band of WiFi, the S12 of antenna structure 200 is less than -15 dB, demonstrating good isolation between the first antenna 30 and the second antenna 40 in antenna structure 200.

[0119] This application also provides an electronic device that includes at least one antenna structure 200 as described above. For a related description of the electronic device, please refer to... Figure 1 The embodiments shown are not described in detail here.

[0120] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: substrate; A radiator, at least a portion of which is located on a first surface of the substrate, the radiator comprising a first portion and a second portion spaced apart from each other; A first coupling element and a second coupling element, wherein the first coupling element and the second coupling element are located on the first surface; wherein... The first coupling element includes a first coupling stub and a second coupling stub, the first coupling stub and the first portion are spaced apart, the first end of the first coupling stub is coupled to the first end of the second coupling stub, the second end of the first coupling stub is an open end, and the second coupling stub includes a first feed point; The second coupling element includes a third coupling stub and a fourth coupling stub, the third coupling stub and the second part are spaced apart, the first end of the third coupling stub is coupled to the first end of the fourth coupling stub, the second end of the third coupling stub is an open end, and the fourth coupling stub includes a second feed point.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extension direction of the first coupling branch is parallel to the extension direction of the first part, and the extension direction of the third coupling branch is parallel to the extension direction of the second part.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The radiator further includes a third part located on the first surface, and a first end of the first part is coupled to a first end of the second part through the third part. The antenna structure further includes a decoupling element located on a second surface of the substrate, the second surface being opposite to but not in contact with the first surface; wherein... The decoupling element includes a first decoupling stub and a second decoupling stub. The projections of the first decoupling stub and the third part in the first direction at least partially overlap. The first end of the second decoupling stub is coupled to the first decoupling stub, and the second end of the second decoupling stub is grounded. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the first surface.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the projections of the first coupling member and the second coupling member are located on both sides of the projection of the decoupling member, and the projections of the first coupling member and the second coupling member are symmetrical along the virtual axis of the projection of the decoupling member.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The extension direction of the first decoupled stub is parallel to the extension direction of the third part.

6. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The first end of the second decoupled branch is coupled to the central region of the first decoupled branch, and the first decoupled branch and the second decoupled branch form any one of the following structures: T-shaped structure, E-shaped structure and funnel-shaped structure.

7. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes a ground plane; wherein... The floor is located on the second surface, the floor is coupled to the second end of the second decoupling branch, and the projections of the floor and the decoupling member in the first direction do not overlap.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, The first portion and the second portion are located on the first surface, and the second end of the first portion and the second end of the second portion are open ends.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first coupling stub includes a stripline transmission line and a coaxial transmission line, wherein the coaxial transmission line includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor spaced apart; wherein, The first end of the strip transmission line is coupled to the second coupling stub, and the second end of the strip transmission line and the second end of the first part are coupled to the first end of the inner conductor and the first end of the outer conductor in a one-to-one correspondence. The second end of the inner conductor and the second end of the outer conductor are open ends.

10. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, The substrate includes a first metal via and a second metal via, both penetrating the substrate along a first direction, which is perpendicular to the first surface; wherein... The first part and the second part are located on the second surface of the substrate. The first end of the first part is coupled to the first end of the third part through the first metal via. The first end of the second part is coupled to the second end of the third part through the second metal via. The second ends of the first part and the second ends of the second part are open ends. The second surface is opposite to the first surface and does not contact it.

11. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The second coupling branch has an L-shaped structure.

12. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the second coupling stub comprises a first sub-stub, a second sub-stub, and a third sub-stub; wherein, The first end of the first sub-branch is coupled to the first end of the first coupled branch, the second end of the first sub-branch is coupled to the first end of the second sub-branch, the first feed point is located at the second end of the second sub-branch, the first end of the third sub-branch is coupled to the central region of the second sub-branch, and the second end of the third sub-branch is an open end.

13. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The antenna structure further includes a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit; wherein... The first feeding unit is coupled to the first feeding point, and the first feeding unit is used to feed an electrical signal to the first feeding point; The second power supply unit is coupled to the second power supply point, and the second power supply unit is used to feed an electrical signal to the second power supply point.

14. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes the 2.4G band of Wi-Fi or the 5G band of WiFi.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes at least one antenna structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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