Collaborative optimization control system of light-storage hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid

Abstract

The invention provides a collaborative optimization control system of a light storage oxyhydrogen micro-grid, and belongs to the technical field of micro-grids. The optical storage oxyhydrogen micro-grid is applied to a high altitude area and comprises a direct current bus and an oxyhydrogen production module connected with the direct current bus, the oxyhydrogen production module comprises an electrolytic cell, the collaborative optimization control system comprises an environment monitoring module and a control module, the environment monitoring module is configured to collect an environment air pressure value and send the environment air pressure value to the control module, and the control module is configured to control the control module. And the control module is configured to input the received environment air pressure value into a pre-calibrated air pressure-efficiency compensation model to calculate a target efficiency compensation coefficient of the electrolytic cell during operation, and then adjust the working voltage and current density of the electrolytic cell according to the target efficiency compensation coefficient. According to the invention, the overall energy efficiency and operation stability of the electrolytic cell when being applied in a high-altitude area can be improved, and the energy utilization rate of the light-storage hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of microgrid technology, and in particular to a collaborative optimization control system for a photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, microgrids, as the core carrier for the efficient utilization of distributed energy, are increasingly in demand in high-altitude areas. However, high-altitude areas are characterized by low air pressure, strong ultraviolet radiation, and low temperatures. As air pressure decreases at high altitudes, it will at least adversely affect the performance of the electrolyzers contained in the microgrid. For example, the electrolyzers will experience a decrease in overall hydrogen and oxygen production efficiency due to the drop in internal gas partial pressure, and the accumulation of bubbles on the electrode surface will increase the internal resistance, leading to an increase in energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to propose a collaborative optimization control system for photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrids, which can improve the overall energy efficiency and operational stability of electrolyzers when used in high-altitude areas.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of this application proposes a collaborative optimization control system for a photovoltaic-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. The photovoltaic-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid is applied in high-altitude areas. The photovoltaic-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid includes a DC bus and a hydrogen-oxygen production module connected to the DC bus. The hydrogen-oxygen production module includes an electrolyzer. The collaborative optimization control system includes an environmental monitoring module and a control module. The environmental monitoring module is configured to collect ambient air pressure values ​​and send them to the control module. The control module is configured to: first input the received ambient air pressure value into a pre-calibrated air pressure-efficiency compensation model to calculate the target efficiency compensation coefficient of the electrolytic cell during operation, and then adjust the working voltage and current density of the electrolytic cell according to the target efficiency compensation coefficient.

[0005] Furthermore, the pressure-efficiency compensation model is obtained in the following way: Under the condition that the ultraviolet intensity and temperature of the test environment in which the test electrolytic cell is located are relatively constant, the test electrolytic cell is controlled to operate at a preset test voltage and a preset test current density; Acquire multiple test pressures, among which a reference pressure is included; For each test gas pressure, the gas pressure of the test environment is first adjusted to the test gas pressure, then the hydrogen production of the test electrolyzer within a preset time period is obtained, and then the hydrogen production efficiency of the test electrolyzer within the preset time period is calculated based on the hydrogen production, the preset test voltage and the preset test current density. Based on the hydrogen production efficiency associated with the reference gas pressure, the hydrogen production efficiencies associated with the multiple test gas pressures are converted to obtain multiple first efficiency compensation coefficients associated with the multiple test gas pressures. The pressure-efficiency compensation model is obtained by fitting data to the multiple test pressures and their corresponding multiple first efficiency compensation coefficients.

[0006] Furthermore, when the control module performs the operation of adjusting the operating voltage and current density of the electrolytic cell according to the target efficiency compensation coefficient, it is specifically configured as follows: First, based on the target efficiency compensation coefficient, the preset standard operating voltage and preset standard current density of the electrolytic cell are corrected to obtain the target operating voltage and target current density. Then, the electrolytic cell is controlled to operate at the target operating voltage and the target current density.

[0007] Furthermore, the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid also includes a fuel cell power generation module connected to the DC bus; the hydrogen-oxygen production module also includes an oxygen buffer tank, which is used to store the oxygen generated by the electrolyzer during operation, and the electrolyzer also generates hydrogen during operation. The control module is also configured to: first obtain the operating parameter values ​​of the photovoltaic-storage hydrogen-oxygen microgrid and input them into a pre-built optimization problem model to solve for the optimal oxygen production; then, based on the optimal oxygen production, control the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to external equipment or the fuel cell power generation module. The optimization problem model includes an objective function and constraints. The objective function aims to maximize the overall energy efficiency of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. The objective function includes the operating parameters, oxygen production parameters, and hydrogen production parameters of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. The constraints are used to constrain the coupling relationship between the oxygen production parameters and the hydrogen production parameters.

[0008] Furthermore, when the control module performs the operation of controlling the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to external equipment or the fuel cell power generation module according to the optimal oxygen production, it is specifically configured as follows: Obtain the oxygen demand of the external device; When the oxygen demand is greater than zero, the first oxygen distribution amount is calculated based on the optimal oxygen production and the oxygen demand, and then the oxygen buffer tank is controlled to supply oxygen to the external equipment with the first oxygen distribution amount. When the oxygen demand is zero, the performance parameter value of the fuel cell power generation module is first obtained and calculated in combination with the optimal oxygen production to obtain the second oxygen distribution amount. Then, the oxygen buffer tank is controlled to supply oxygen to the fuel cell power generation module with the second oxygen distribution amount so that the fuel cell power generation module can generate electricity by consuming oxygen and feed back electrical energy to the DC bus.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydrogen and oxygen production module also includes an oxygen purification device; the control module is further configured to control the oxygen purification device to purify the oxygen generated by the operation of the electrolyzer and then store it in the oxygen buffer tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid also includes an energy storage module connected to the DC bus, the energy storage module including a lithium-ion battery; The environmental monitoring module is also configured to: collect ambient temperature values ​​and send them to the control module; The control module is further configured to: first, based on the received ambient temperature value, correct the preset charge / discharge voltage limit of the lithium-ion battery to obtain a first charge / discharge voltage limit; and then, based on the first charge / discharge voltage limit, control the lithium-ion battery to charge and discharge, so as to regulate the power of the DC bus.

[0011] Furthermore, the control module is also configured to: first calculate the attenuation of the preset nominal capacity of the lithium-ion battery based on the received ambient temperature value to obtain a first capacity, and then adjust the power supply status of the photovoltaic-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid based on the first capacity.

[0012] Furthermore, the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid also includes a load module connected to the DC bus; when the control module performs the operation of adjusting the power supply status of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid according to the first capacity, it is specifically configured as follows: Obtain the historical capacity of the lithium-ion battery; When the first capacity is less than the historical capacity, the DC bus is first controlled to supply power to the load module, and then the DC bus is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen and oxygen production module when the power demand of the load module is met.

[0013] Furthermore, the photovoltaic-storage hydrogen-oxygen microgrid also includes a photovoltaic power generation module connected to the DC bus; the control module is further configured to control the photovoltaic power generation module to generate electricity for the DC bus.

[0014] This application includes at least the following beneficial effects: For electrolyzers included in photovoltaic-storage hydrogen-oxygen microgrids applied in high-altitude areas, by first obtaining the ambient air pressure value around the electrolyzer and calculating it using a pre-calibrated air pressure-efficiency compensation model, and then adjusting the working voltage and current density of the electrolyzer according to the calculated target efficiency compensation coefficient, the hydrogen-oxygen production efficiency and operational stability of the electrolyzer can be improved, the energy consumption of the electrolyzer can be reduced, and the energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic-storage hydrogen-oxygen microgrid can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the collaborative optimization control system provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit it. In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with those of this application; they are merely examples of systems and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0017] It is understood that the terms “first,” “second,” etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise stated, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the words “if,” “when,” or “in response to a determination” as used herein may be interpreted as “when…” or “when…” or “in response to a determination.”

[0018] As used in this application, the terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc., "at least one" includes one, two or more, "multiple" includes two or more, "each" refers to each of the corresponding multiples, and "any" refers to any one of the multiples.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0020] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, microgrids, as the core carrier for the efficient utilization of distributed energy, are increasingly in demand in high-altitude areas. However, high-altitude areas are characterized by low air pressure, strong ultraviolet radiation, and low temperatures. As air pressure decreases at high altitudes, it will at least adversely affect the performance of the electrolyzers contained in the microgrid. For example, the overall hydrogen and oxygen production efficiency of the electrolyzer will decrease due to the drop in internal gas partial pressure, and the internal resistance of the electrolyzer will increase due to the accumulation of bubbles on the electrode surface, leading to increased energy consumption. In addition, as temperatures continue to drop at high altitudes, the effective capacity of the lithium-ion batteries contained in the microgrid will be significantly reduced, and the cycle life will be significantly shortened.

[0021] In addition, when microgrids are used in high-altitude areas, resource utilization imbalances often occur. For example, the multi-level oxygen demand of medical oxygen supply equipment and industrial oxygen equipment is not linked with the oxygen energy supply equipment in the microgrid, resulting in insufficient utilization of oxygen resources.

[0022] In view of this, this application provides a collaborative optimization control system for a photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. This system targets the electrolyzer within the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid located at high altitudes. It first obtains the ambient air pressure around the electrolyzer and calculates it using a pre-calibrated pressure-efficiency compensation model. Then, based on the calculated target efficiency compensation coefficient, it adjusts the operating voltage and current density of the electrolyzer. This improves the hydrogen and oxygen production efficiency and operational stability of the electrolyzer, reduces its energy consumption, and enhances the energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. Furthermore, for the oxygen buffer tank within the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid located at high altitudes, it first obtains the operating parameters of the microgrid and analyzes and solves them using a pre-built optimization problem model. Then, based on the optimal oxygen production obtained from the solution, it controls the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to external devices or the fuel cell power generation modules within the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. This improves the utilization rate of oxygen resources generated within the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. Furthermore, for lithium-ion batteries included in photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrids applied in high-altitude areas, the cycle life of lithium-ion batteries can be improved by first obtaining the ambient temperature value around the lithium-ion battery and correcting its preset charge and discharge voltage limit based on this value, then controlling the charge and discharge of the lithium-ion battery according to the corrected first charge and discharge voltage limit, and first calculating the attenuation of the preset nominal capacity of the lithium-ion battery based on the ambient temperature value, and then adjusting the power supply status of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid according to the calculated first capacity.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1This is an optional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid provided in an embodiment of this application. The photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid is mainly used in high-altitude areas. The photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid includes a DC bus and hydrogen-oxygen production modules, fuel cell power generation modules, energy storage modules, photovoltaic power generation modules, heating modules, and load modules connected to the DC bus.

[0024] The hydrogen and oxygen production module includes an electrolyzer, an oxygen buffer tank, a hydrogen storage tank, and a first unidirectional DC / DC converter. The electrolyzer is preferably a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) electrolyzer, which is connected to a DC bus via the first unidirectional DC / DC converter for power supply. The oxygen buffer tank stores the oxygen produced by the electrolyzer, and the hydrogen storage tank stores the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer. As a further optimized implementation, the hydrogen and oxygen production module also includes an oxygen purification device. This device purifies the oxygen produced by the electrolyzer before storing it in the oxygen buffer tank. The purification technology used is preferably deep filtration membrane separation technology, enabling the oxygen buffer tank to provide a high-purity oxygen source for industrial and medical applications in high-altitude areas, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization value of this photovoltaic-hydrogen-storage microgrid.

[0025] The fuel cell power generation module includes a fuel cell and a second unidirectional DC / DC converter. The fuel cell is connected to a DC bus through the second unidirectional DC / DC converter to generate electricity.

[0026] The energy storage module includes a lithium-ion battery and a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The lithium-ion battery is connected to the DC bus via the bidirectional DC / DC converter for charging and discharging.

[0027] The photovoltaic power generation module includes a photovoltaic array and a third unidirectional DC / DC converter. The photovoltaic array is connected to the DC bus through the third unidirectional DC / DC converter to generate electricity, and the MPPT (Maximum power point tracking) algorithm is used to maximize solar energy capture.

[0028] The load module includes an AC load and a first unidirectional DC / AC converter. The AC load is connected to the DC bus through the first unidirectional DC / AC converter for power supply.

[0029] The heating module includes a heating device and a second unidirectional DC / AC converter. The heating device is connected to the DC bus through the second unidirectional DC / AC converter for power supply. The heating device may include an ultra-low temperature air source heat pump used in high-altitude areas.

[0030] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2This is an optional schematic diagram of the collaborative optimization control system provided in an embodiment of this application, which is applied to... Figure 1 The photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid shown has a collaborative optimization control system that includes an environmental monitoring module and a control module. The environmental monitoring module is connected to the control module, and the control module is connected to the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid.

[0031] In the practical application of this collaborative optimization control system, the environmental pressure value can be collected by the environmental monitoring module and sent to the control module. Then, the control module first inputs the received environmental pressure value into the pre-calibrated pressure-efficiency compensation model to calculate the target efficiency compensation coefficient of the electrolyzer during operation. Based on the target efficiency compensation coefficient, the working voltage and current density of the electrolyzer are adjusted.

[0032] In some embodiments, the calibration process for the pressure-efficiency compensation model may include, but is not limited to, the following steps S101 to S105: Step S101: Under the condition that the ultraviolet intensity and temperature of the test environment where the test electrolytic cell is located are relatively constant, control the test electrolytic cell to operate at the preset test voltage and preset test current density.

[0033] In this step, a 5kW proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is preferably used for the test electrolyzer, which is placed inside a pressure chamber. Ultraviolet light sources such as mercury arc lamps or electric arc lamps can be installed inside the pressure chamber to ensure that the ultraviolet intensity within the chamber is maintained at a certain level. Within the specified range, an additional ultraviolet irradiator can be installed inside the pressure chamber to monitor the ultraviolet intensity in real time, allowing staff to adjust the operation of the ultraviolet light source promptly. A cryogenic bath and heat exchanger can be installed within the pressure chamber. The cryogenic bath circulates heat-conducting fluids such as silicone oil and ethylene glycol aqueous solution stored inside to the heat exchanger, allowing heat exchange between the gas inside the pressure chamber and the surface of the heat exchanger. The temperature of the heat exchanger is adjusted by controlling the temperature of the heat-conducting fluid inside the cryogenic bath, thereby ensuring that the temperature inside the pressure chamber is maintained at a suitable level. Within the range.

[0034] In this step, the preset test voltage and preset test current density required to control the operation of the test electrolyzer can be set by technicians based on experience. That is, technicians set them in advance by conducting extensive research and analysis on the stable operation of the electrolyzer in high-altitude areas.

[0035] Step S102: Obtain multiple test pressures, and among the multiple test pressures is a reference pressure.

[0036] In this step, a pressure range of [40 kPa, 101.3 kPa] is preferentially determined. Multiple test pressures can be obtained by taking values ​​within this pressure range according to a preset step size, or multiple test pressures can be obtained by randomly taking values ​​within this pressure range. This application does not limit this, but it should be ensured that the selected multiple test pressures include the reference pressure of 101.3 kPa.

[0037] Step S103: For each selected test gas pressure, first adjust the test environment gas pressure to the test gas pressure, then obtain the hydrogen production capacity of the test electrolyzer within a preset time period, and then calculate the hydrogen production efficiency of the test electrolyzer within the same preset time period based on the hydrogen production capacity of the test electrolyzer within the preset time period, as well as the preset test voltage and preset test current density of the test electrolyzer during operation.

[0038] In this step, the test pressure is recorded as P0. The pressure chamber includes at least an intake system and an exhaust system. By adjusting the intake and exhaust systems in a coordinated manner, the pressure inside the pressure chamber can be maintained within the range of P0 ± 0.5 kPa.

[0039] In this step, based on the hydrogen production rate of the test electrolyzer within a preset time period and the preset test voltage and current density during operation, the hydrogen production efficiency of the test electrolyzer within the same preset time period can be calculated using the following mathematical expression: ; In the formula, To test the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer within a preset time period, To test the hydrogen production capacity of the electrolyzer within a preset time period, The higher heating value of hydrogen is preferably set to 39.4. This is the preset test voltage for testing the electrolytic cell during operation. This is the preset test current density for testing the electrolytic cell during operation. The length of the preset time period.

[0040] Step S104: Based on the hydrogen production efficiency associated with the selected reference gas pressure, convert the multiple hydrogen production efficiencies associated with the selected multiple test gas pressures to obtain multiple first efficiency compensation coefficients associated with the selected multiple test gas pressures.

[0041] In this step, for each selected test pressure-correlated hydrogen production efficiency, the hydrogen production efficiency of the test pressure-correlated efficiency can be divided by the hydrogen production efficiency of the reference pressure-correlated efficiency to obtain the first efficiency compensation coefficient of the test pressure-correlated efficiency.

[0042] Step S105: Perform data fitting on the selected multiple test air pressures and their corresponding multiple first efficiency compensation coefficients to obtain the air pressure-efficiency compensation model.

[0043] In this step, each selected test pressure and its associated first efficiency compensation coefficient are combined to form a sample data. Then, the combined sample data are fitted using the least squares method to obtain the pressure-efficiency compensation model, which is expressed by the following mathematical expression: ; In the formula, This is the efficiency compensation coefficient. For air pressure, This is the reference coefficient for standard operating conditions. The pressure attenuation sensitivity coefficient, and All are calibration values, among which It is used to reflect the relationship between gas diffusion rate and gas pressure.

[0044] In some embodiments, when the control module performs the operation of adjusting the operating voltage and current density of the electrolytic cell according to the target efficiency compensation coefficient, it is specifically configured to perform at least the following steps S201 to S202: Step S201: Based on the target efficiency compensation coefficient, the preset standard operating voltage and preset standard current density of the electrolytic cell are corrected using the following mathematical expressions to obtain the target operating voltage and target current density: , ; In the formula, For the target operating voltage, To preset the standard operating voltage, The target efficiency compensation coefficient. For the target current density, The preset standard current density includes the preset standard operating voltage. and preset standard current density This can be understood as the electrical performance parameters of the electrolytic cell under standard operating conditions.

[0045] Step S202: Control the electrolytic cell to operate at the target operating voltage and the target current density.

[0046] In this application, by introducing an adaptive air pressure compensation mechanism, the collected ambient air pressure value is mapped to the target efficiency compensation coefficient, and the working voltage and current density of the electrolyzer are adjusted accordingly, which is beneficial to improving the overall working performance of the electrolyzer when it is used in high-altitude areas.

[0047] In the practical application of this collaborative optimization control system, the operating parameter values ​​of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid can be obtained by the control module and input into the pre-built optimization problem model to solve for the optimal oxygen production. Then, based on the optimal oxygen production, the oxygen buffer tank can be controlled to supply oxygen to external equipment or fuel cell power generation modules.

[0048] The optimization problem model includes an objective function and constraints, as detailed below: (1) The objective function aims to maximize the overall energy efficiency of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. The objective function includes the operating parameters of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid, oxygen production parameters, and hydrogen production parameters. The oxygen production parameters and hydrogen production parameters are parameters to be optimized. The operating parameters of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid include the output power of the photovoltaic power generation module, the thermal power of the heating module, the active power of the load module, and the power purchased by the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid. The power purchased by the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid can be understood as the amount of power that the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid needs to obtain from the external main grid during operation due to its insufficient power generation capacity. The objective function is expressed by the following mathematical expression: ; In the formula, To improve the overall energy efficiency of photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrids, This represents the active power of the load module. The heat output of the heating module. For hydrogen production, The higher heating value of hydrogen is preferably set to 39.4. For oxygen production, The stoichiometric coefficient for oxygen is preferably set to 3.2. The output power of the photovoltaic power generation module. This refers to the power purchased by the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid.

[0049] (2) The constraint condition is used to constrain the coupling relationship between the oxygen production parameter and the hydrogen production parameter, and it can be expressed by the following mathematical expression: ; In the formula, For gas separation efficiency, and can be set. .

[0050] In some embodiments, when the control module performs the operation of controlling the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to external equipment or fuel cell power generation module according to the optimal oxygen production, it is specifically configured to perform at least the following steps S301 to S303: Step S301: Obtain the oxygen demand of the external device. The control module can first send a query command to the external device, and then the external device responds to the query command by feeding back its oxygen demand to the control module.

[0051] Step S302: When it is determined that the oxygen demand of the external device is greater than zero, the first oxygen distribution amount is calculated based on the optimal oxygen production and the oxygen demand of the external device. Then, the oxygen buffer tank is controlled to supply oxygen to the external device with the first oxygen distribution amount. That is, the amount of oxygen supplied by the oxygen buffer tank to the external device is the first oxygen distribution amount. At this time, the oxygen buffer tank will not supply oxygen to the fuel cell power generation module.

[0052] In this step, the calculation method for the first oxygen allocation may include, but is not limited to, comparing the optimal oxygen output with the oxygen demand of the external equipment; when the optimal oxygen output is less than or equal to the oxygen demand of the external equipment, the optimal oxygen output is used as the first oxygen allocation; when the optimal oxygen output is greater than the oxygen demand of the external equipment, the oxygen demand of the external equipment is used as the first oxygen allocation.

[0053] Step S303: When it is determined that the oxygen demand of the external device is equal to zero, first obtain the performance parameter value of the fuel cell power generation module and calculate it in combination with the optimal oxygen production to obtain the second oxygen distribution amount. Then control the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to the fuel cell power generation module with the second oxygen distribution amount. That is, the amount of oxygen supplied by the oxygen buffer tank to the fuel cell power generation module is the second oxygen distribution amount, so that the fuel cell power generation module can consume oxygen to generate electricity and feed back electrical energy to the DC bus. When the fuel cell power generation module consumes oxygen to generate electricity, it can obtain the required hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank. At this time, the oxygen buffer tank will not supply oxygen to the external device.

[0054] In this step, the performance parameter values ​​of the fuel cell power generation module mainly include the conversion efficiency of the fuel cell contained in the fuel cell power generation module, which ranges from [50%, 65%]. The calculation method for the second oxygen distribution amount may include, but is not limited to, multiplying the second oxygen distribution amount by the conversion efficiency of the fuel cell and then using the result of the multiplication as the second oxygen distribution amount.

[0055] To enable the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to external devices or fuel cell power generation modules, the oxygen input terminal of the external device can be connected to the oxygen output terminal of the oxygen buffer tank via a first pipe, and the oxygen input terminal of the fuel cell can be connected to the oxygen output terminal of the oxygen buffer tank via a second pipe. A first valve is installed on the first pipe, and a second valve is installed on the second pipe. A control module controls the opening of the first valve and the closing of the second valve so that the oxygen buffer tank can supply oxygen only to the external device; and the control module also controls the closing of the first valve and the opening of the second valve so that the oxygen buffer tank can supply oxygen only to the fuel cell.

[0056] It should be noted that during the operation of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid, the control module can perform operations to obtain the operating parameter values ​​of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid and input them into a pre-built optimization problem model according to a preset time step, so as to solve the optimal oxygen production and improve the stability of subsequent oxygen supply operations; the preset time step is preferably set to 15 minutes.

[0057] In some embodiments, the external device includes medical oxygen supply equipment and industrial oxygen equipment. The above steps S301 to S302 are further described as follows: Steps S401 to S404: Step S401: Obtain the medical oxygen demand of the medical oxygen supply equipment. The control module can first send a first query command to the medical oxygen supply equipment, and then the medical oxygen supply equipment responds to the first query command by feeding back its medical oxygen demand to the control module.

[0058] Step S402: When it is determined that the medical oxygen demand of the medical oxygen supply equipment is greater than zero, first calculate the third oxygen distribution amount based on the optimal oxygen output and the medical oxygen demand of the medical oxygen supply equipment, and then control the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to the medical oxygen supply equipment with the third oxygen distribution amount. That is, the amount of oxygen supplied by the oxygen buffer tank to the medical oxygen supply equipment is the third oxygen distribution amount. At this time, the oxygen buffer tank will not supply oxygen to the industrial oxygen equipment and the fuel cell power generation module.

[0059] In this step, the calculation method for the third oxygen allocation may include, but is not limited to, comparing the optimal oxygen output with the medical oxygen demand of the medical oxygen supply equipment. When the optimal oxygen output is less than or equal to the medical oxygen demand of the medical oxygen supply equipment, the optimal oxygen output is used as the third oxygen allocation. When the optimal oxygen output is greater than the medical oxygen demand of the medical oxygen supply equipment, the medical oxygen demand of the medical oxygen supply equipment is used as the third oxygen allocation.

[0060] Step S403: When it is determined that the medical oxygen demand of the medical oxygen supply equipment is equal to zero, the industrial oxygen demand of the industrial oxygen supply equipment is obtained. The control module can first send a second query command to the industrial oxygen supply equipment, and then the industrial oxygen supply equipment responds to the second query command to feed back its industrial oxygen demand to the control module.

[0061] Step S404: When the industrial oxygen demand of the industrial oxygen equipment is greater than zero, first calculate the fourth oxygen distribution amount based on the optimal oxygen output and the industrial oxygen demand of the industrial oxygen equipment. Then, control the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to the industrial oxygen equipment according to the fourth oxygen distribution amount. That is, the amount of oxygen supplied by the oxygen buffer tank to the industrial oxygen equipment is the fourth oxygen distribution amount. At this time, the oxygen buffer tank will not supply oxygen to the medical oxygen supply equipment and the fuel cell power generation module. When the industrial oxygen demand of the industrial oxygen equipment is equal to zero, directly execute the above step S303.

[0062] In this step, the calculation method for the fourth oxygen allocation may include, but is not limited to, comparing the optimal oxygen output with the industrial oxygen demand of the industrial oxygen equipment; when the optimal oxygen output is less than or equal to the industrial oxygen demand of the industrial oxygen equipment, the optimal oxygen output is used as the fourth oxygen allocation; when the optimal oxygen output is greater than the industrial oxygen demand of the industrial oxygen equipment, the industrial oxygen demand of the industrial oxygen equipment is used as the fourth oxygen allocation.

[0063] To enable the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to medical oxygen supply equipment, industrial oxygen equipment, or fuel cell power generation modules, the oxygen input terminal of the medical oxygen supply equipment can be connected to the oxygen output terminal of the oxygen buffer tank via a third pipe, and the oxygen input terminal of the industrial oxygen equipment can be connected to the oxygen output terminal of the oxygen buffer tank via a fourth pipe. A third valve is installed on the third pipe, and a fourth valve is installed on the fourth pipe. A control module controls the opening of the third valve, the closing of the fourth valve, and the closing of the second valve to allow the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen only to the medical oxygen supply equipment; the control module also controls the closing of the third valve, the opening of the fourth valve, and the closing of the second valve to allow the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen only to the industrial oxygen supply equipment; and the control module further controls the closing of the third valve, the closing of the fourth valve, and the opening of the second valve to allow the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen only to the fuel cell.

[0064] It should be noted that during the operation of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid, if the control module receives an emergency dispatch command from the medical oxygen supply equipment in real time, it will respond to the emergency dispatch command by directly controlling the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen only to the medical oxygen supply equipment in order to meet emergency medical needs.

[0065] In this application, by rationally allocating the oxygen resources available from the oxygen buffer tank according to a hierarchical scheduling mechanism that prioritizes meeting the oxygen demand for medical use, then industrial use, and finally fuel cells, the emergency response capability of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid in high-altitude areas can be improved.

[0066] In the practical application of this collaborative optimization control system, the environmental monitoring module can collect the ambient temperature value and send it to the control module. Then, the control module first corrects the preset charge and discharge voltage limit of the lithium-ion battery based on the received ambient temperature value to obtain the first charge and discharge voltage limit. Then, the lithium-ion battery is controlled to charge and discharge according to the first charge and discharge voltage limit to regulate the power of the DC bus.

[0067] In some embodiments, when the control module performs the operation of first correcting the preset charge / discharge voltage limit of the lithium-ion battery based on the received ambient temperature value to obtain a first charge / discharge voltage limit, and then controlling the lithium-ion battery to charge and discharge based on the first charge / discharge voltage limit, it can be configured to perform the operation according to any of the following conditions: In the first scenario, when the lithium-ion battery is charging and consuming power from the DC bus, the preset charging voltage limit of the lithium-ion battery is first corrected based on the ambient temperature using the following mathematical expression to obtain the first charging voltage limit: ; In the formula, This is the first charging voltage limit. The preset charging voltage limit for lithium-ion batteries. Ambient temperature; The lithium-ion battery is then charged according to the first charging voltage limit to effectively prevent lithium plating at low temperatures and improve the service life of the lithium-ion battery in high-altitude areas.

[0068] In the second scenario, when the lithium-ion battery is discharging to replenish the DC bus, the preset discharge voltage limit of the lithium-ion battery is first corrected based on the ambient temperature using the following mathematical expression to obtain the first discharge voltage limit: ; In the formula, This is the first discharge voltage limit. This is the preset discharge voltage limit for lithium-ion batteries; The lithium-ion battery is then controlled to discharge according to the first discharge voltage limit, so as to effectively avoid deep discharge damage to the lithium-ion battery at low temperatures and improve the service life of the lithium-ion battery in high-altitude areas.

[0069] In the actual application of this collaborative optimization control system, when the environmental monitoring module sends the collected ambient temperature value to the control module, the control module can first calculate the attenuation of the preset nominal capacity of the lithium-ion battery based on the received ambient temperature value to obtain the first capacity, and then adjust the power supply status of the photovoltaic-storage hydrogen-oxygen microgrid based on the first capacity.

[0070] In some embodiments, the control module can calculate the degradation of the preset nominal capacity of the lithium-ion battery based on the ambient temperature using the following mathematical expression to obtain the first capacity: ; In the formula, For the first capacity, This refers to the preset nominal capacity of the lithium-ion battery. For ambient temperature, Let J be the molar gas constant and set to 8.314 J / (mol·K). The activation energy of a lithium-ion battery is preferably set to 32 kJ / mol. This mathematical expression can be understood as being constructed based on the Arrhenius equation.

[0071] In some embodiments, when the control module performs the operation of adjusting the power supply state of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-oxygen microgrid according to the first capacity, it is specifically configured to perform at least the following steps S501 to S502: Step S501: Obtain the historical capacity of the lithium-ion battery, which can be understood as the first capacity most recently calculated by the control module.

[0072] Step S502: When it is determined that the first capacity is less than the historical capacity of the lithium-ion battery, first control the DC bus to supply power to the load module, and then control the DC bus to supply power to the hydrogen and oxygen production module when the power demand of the load module is met. That is, reduce the power priority of the electrolyzer contained in the hydrogen and oxygen production module and give priority to ensuring the power demand of the load module.

[0073] In the practical application of this collaborative optimization control system, other basic control operations can also be performed through the control module, including: controlling the oxygen purification device to purify the oxygen generated by the electrolyzer and store it in the oxygen buffer tank; and controlling the photovoltaic power generation module to generate electricity from the DC bus.

[0074] The embodiments described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0075] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, an implementation process comprising a series of steps is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other steps not explicitly listed or inherent to these implementation processes.

[0076] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0077] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and substance of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A synergistic optimization control system of an optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid, characterized in that, The light storage hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid is applied to a high-altitude area, and comprises a direct-current bus and a hydrogen-oxygen production module connected with the direct-current bus, wherein the hydrogen-oxygen production module comprises an electrolytic cell; the collaborative optimization control system comprises an environment monitoring module and a control module; The environment monitoring module is configured to collect an environmental air pressure value and send the environmental air pressure value to the control module; The control module is configured to input the received environmental air pressure value into a pre-calibrated air pressure-efficiency compensation model to calculate a target efficiency compensation coefficient of the electrolytic cell during operation, and then adjust a working voltage and a current density of the electrolytic cell according to the target efficiency compensation coefficient. 2.The synergic optimization control system of the optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein, The air pressure-efficiency compensation model is obtained by the following method: Under the condition that the ultraviolet intensity and temperature of a test environment of a test electrolytic cell are relatively constant, the test electrolytic cell is controlled to operate at a preset test voltage and a preset test current density; A plurality of test air pressures are obtained, and the plurality of test air pressures include a reference air pressure; For each test air pressure, the air pressure of the test environment is first adjusted to the test air pressure, and then the hydrogen production amount of the test electrolytic cell within a preset time period is obtained, and the hydrogen production efficiency of the test electrolytic cell within the preset time period is calculated according to the hydrogen production amount, the preset test voltage and the preset test current density; According to the hydrogen production efficiency associated with the reference air pressure, a plurality of hydrogen production efficiencies associated with the plurality of test air pressures are converted to obtain a plurality of first efficiency compensation coefficients corresponding to the plurality of test air pressures; The plurality of test air pressures and the plurality of first efficiency compensation coefficients corresponding thereto are subjected to data fitting to obtain the air pressure-efficiency compensation model. 3.The synergistic optimization control system of the optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein, When the control module performs the operation of adjusting the working voltage and the current density of the electrolytic cell according to the target efficiency compensation coefficient, the control module is specifically configured to: first correct the preset standard working voltage and the preset standard current density of the electrolytic cell according to the target efficiency compensation coefficient to obtain a target working voltage and a target current density, and then control the electrolytic cell to operate at the target working voltage and the target current density. 4.The synergistic optimal control system of the optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein, The light storage hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid further comprises a fuel cell power generation module connected with the direct-current bus; the hydrogen-oxygen production module further comprises an oxygen buffer tank for storing oxygen generated by the electrolytic cell during operation; and the electrolytic cell also generates hydrogen during operation; The control module is further configured to first obtain an operating parameter value of the light storage hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid and input the operating parameter value into a pre-constructed optimization problem model to solve an optimal oxygen production amount, and then control the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to an external device or the fuel cell power generation module according to the optimal oxygen production amount. The optimization problem model includes a target function and a constraint condition, the target function aims to maximize the comprehensive energy efficiency of the optical hydrogen-oxygen storage micro-grid, and the target function includes operation parameters, oxygen production parameters and hydrogen production parameters of the optical hydrogen-oxygen storage micro-grid, and the constraint condition is used to constrain the coupling relationship between the oxygen production parameters and the hydrogen production parameters. 5.The synergistic optimization control system of the optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid according to claim 4, wherein, The control module is specifically configured to: obtain the oxygen demand of the external device; when the oxygen demand is greater than zero, first calculate a first oxygen distribution amount according to the optimal oxygen production and the oxygen demand, and then control the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to the external device at the first oxygen distribution amount; when the oxygen demand is equal to zero, first obtain the performance parameter value of the fuel cell power generation module and combine the optimal oxygen production to calculate a second oxygen distribution amount, and then control the oxygen buffer tank to supply oxygen to the fuel cell power generation module at the second oxygen distribution amount, so that the fuel cell power generation module generates power by consuming oxygen and feeds back electric energy to the DC bus. 6.The synergic optimization control system of the optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid according to claim 4, wherein, The hydrogen-oxygen production module further comprises an oxygen purification device; and the control module is further configured to control the oxygen purification device to store the oxygen produced by the electrolytic cell to the oxygen buffer tank after purification. 7.The synergistic optimal control system of the optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein, The optical hydrogen-oxygen storage micro-grid further comprises an electric energy storage module connected to the DC bus, and the electric energy storage module comprises a lithium ion battery; The environmental monitoring module is further configured to collect an environmental temperature value and send it to the control module; The control module is further configured to first correct a preset charge-discharge voltage limit value of the lithium ion battery according to the received environmental temperature value to obtain a first charge-discharge voltage limit value, and then control the lithium ion battery to charge and discharge according to the first charge-discharge voltage limit value to adjust the electric energy of the DC bus. 8.The synergic optimization control system of the optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid according to claim 7, wherein, The control module is further configured to first perform attenuation calculation on a preset nominal capacity of the lithium ion battery according to the received environmental temperature value to obtain a first capacity, and then adjust the power supply state of the optical hydrogen-oxygen storage micro-grid according to the first capacity. 9.The synergic optimization control system of the optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid according to claim 8, wherein, The optical hydrogen-oxygen storage micro-grid further comprises a load module connected to the DC bus; and the control module is specifically configured to: obtain a historical capacity of the lithium ion battery; when the first capacity is less than the historical capacity, first control the DC bus to supply power to the load module, and then control the DC bus to supply power to the hydrogen-oxygen production module when the power demand of the load module is met. 10.The synergic optimization control system of the optical hydrogen-oxygen micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein, The optical hydrogen-oxygen storage micro-grid further comprises a photovoltaic power generation module connected to the DC bus; and the control module is further configured to control the photovoltaic power generation module to generate power for the DC bus.

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