Energy storage equipment and energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses energy storage equipment and an energy storage system. The energy storage equipment comprises an electrical control box and energy storage battery modules which are connected in series, the electric control box comprises a main control unit; the energy storage battery module comprises a battery pack, a sub-control unit and a bypass switch; the bypass switch is connected between the anode and the cathode of the battery pack; the main control unit is connected with each sub-control unit, the main control unit is configured to judge whether the corresponding energy storage battery module is abnormal or not according to the received monitoring information, and if the energy storage battery module is abnormal, a closing command is sent to a bypass switch of the abnormal energy storage battery module; and the bypass switch is configured to be closed after receiving a closing command sent by the main control unit so as to short-circuit the abnormal energy storage battery module, so that the other normal energy storage battery modules keep working. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the problems that an energy storage system is large in calorific value and short in overall service life, and work of the whole energy storage system can be affected by faults of a single energy storage module can be solved at the same time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and in particular to an energy storage device and an energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of new energy, the development of energy storage technology is also getting faster and faster, especially in the field of household energy storage. Household energy storage, such as terminal products directly to individual consumers, needs to have higher reliability, safety, and maintainability.

[0003] At present, household energy storage is divided into two technical routes:

[0004] 1) Low-voltage household energy storage, the energy storage modules are connected in parallel, the voltage is generally not more than 48V, and has the advantages of safety, mutual non-interference between modules after failure, etc. However, the disadvantage is also obvious. Since the voltage is low, the output power is often high, resulting in a large current in the energy storage system. Therefore, very high current-resistant devices must be used in the entire system, otherwise problems such as large heat generation and short overall system life will occur.

[0005] 2) High-voltage household energy storage, the energy storage modules are connected in series, the voltage is generally more than 400V, and the maximum can reach 1000V, which has the advantages of small heat generation, long overall life, and lower system cost. However, there are also many disadvantages, for example, since the energy storage modules are used in series, any module failure will cause the entire energy storage system to fail and stop working.

[0006] Therefore, how to simultaneously solve the problems of large heat generation of the energy storage system, short overall system life, and single energy storage module failure affecting the entire energy storage system, has become a technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application provides an energy storage device and an energy storage system to simultaneously solve the problems of large heat generation of the energy storage system, short overall system life, and single energy storage module failure affecting the entire energy storage system.

[0008] According to an aspect of the present application, an energy storage device is provided, comprising an electrical control box and a plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules;

[0009] The electrical control box comprises a main control unit;

[0010] Each energy storage battery module comprises a battery pack, a sub-control unit, and a bypass switch; the bypass switch is connected between the anode and the cathode of the battery pack; the sub-control unit is configured to collect monitoring information of the battery pack;

[0011] The master control unit is connected with the sub-control unit of each energy storage battery module, and is configured to receive monitoring information of the battery pack from each sub-control unit, and determine whether the corresponding energy storage battery module is abnormal according to the received monitoring information; if it is determined that the energy storage battery module is abnormal, a closing command is sent to the bypass switch of the abnormal energy storage battery module;

[0012] The bypass switch is configured to be closed after receiving the closing command sent by the master control unit, so as to short-circuit the abnormal energy storage battery module, so that the remaining normal energy storage battery modules in the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules remain working.

[0013] Optionally, the electrical control box further comprises a main switch; the main switch is connected between the power supply end of the energy storage device and the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules.

[0014] The master control unit is further configured to send a closing command to the main switch when at least one energy storage battery module is normal, and send an opening command to the main switch when all energy storage battery modules are abnormal.

[0015] The main switch is configured to be closed after receiving the closing command sent by the master control unit, and to be opened after receiving the opening command sent by the master control unit.

[0016] Optionally, the electrical control box further comprises a circuit breaker; the circuit breaker is connected between the power supply end of the energy storage device and the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules.

[0017] Optionally, each energy storage battery module further comprises a first sub-switch.

[0018] In the same energy storage battery module: the first sub-switch is connected in series with the battery pack, and the first sub-switch and the battery pack are connected in parallel with the bypass switch.

[0019] The sub-control unit is further configured to send an opening command to the first sub-switch when the energy storage battery module is abnormal.

[0020] The first sub-switch is configured to be opened after receiving the opening command sent by the sub-control unit.

[0021] Optionally, each energy storage battery module further comprises a second sub-switch.

[0022] In the same energy storage battery module: the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch are connected in series with the positive electrode end and the negative electrode end of the battery pack, respectively, and the first sub-switch, the second sub-switch and the battery pack are connected in parallel with the bypass switch.

[0023] The sub-control unit is further configured to send an opening command to the second sub-switch when the energy storage battery module is abnormal.

[0024] The second sub-switch is configured to be turned off after receiving a turn-off command sent by the sub-control unit.

[0025] Optionally, each energy storage battery module further comprises a fuse.

[0026] In the same energy storage battery module, the fuse and the battery pack are connected in series, and the fuse and the battery pack are connected in parallel with the bypass switch.

[0027] Optionally, the electrical control box further comprises a first temperature acquisition circuit; the first temperature acquisition circuit is connected with the main control unit; and the first temperature acquisition circuit is configured to acquire first temperature information of the electrical control box.

[0028] Each energy storage battery module further comprises a second temperature acquisition circuit; the second temperature acquisition circuit is connected with the sub-control unit; and the second temperature acquisition circuit is configured to acquire second temperature information of the corresponding energy storage battery module; and the sub-control unit is further configured to collect the second temperature information of the corresponding energy storage battery module.

[0029] The main control unit is further configured to receive the first temperature information from the first temperature acquisition circuit and the second temperature information from each sub-control unit, and determine whether the temperature of the corresponding energy storage battery module is abnormal according to the received first temperature information and second temperature information; if it is determined that the temperature of the energy storage battery module is abnormal, a closing command is sent to the bypass switch of the energy storage battery module with abnormal temperature.

[0030] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an energy storage system comprising an inverter and an energy storage device according to any one of the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] The energy storage device comprises a power supply end, which is electrically connected with a plurality of energy storage battery modules connected in series.

[0032] The power supply end of the energy storage device is further electrically connected with the inverter; and the inverter is configured to be connected with a power supply grid and a power consumption load.

[0033] Optionally, the electrical control box further comprises a power grid detection unit, which is configured to detect power supply information of the power supply grid.

[0034] The main control unit is in communication connection with the inverter; the main control unit is further configured to receive monitoring information of the battery pack from each sub-control unit and power supply information from the power grid detection unit, and determine whether the total electric quantity of the plurality of energy storage battery modules connected in series is less than a first electric quantity threshold and whether the power supply grid is powered off according to the received monitoring information and power supply information; if the total electric quantity of the energy storage battery modules is less than the first electric quantity threshold and the power supply grid is powered on, a charging command is sent to the inverter; if the total electric quantity of the energy storage battery modules is greater than or equal to the first electric quantity threshold and the power supply grid is powered off, a discharging command is sent to the inverter.

[0035] The inverter is configured to transmit the energy of the power supply grid to the energy storage device and the power consumption load after receiving the charging command sent by the master control unit, and transmit the energy of the energy storage device to the power consumption load after receiving the discharging command sent by the master control unit.

[0036] Optionally, the energy storage system further comprises a photovoltaic assembly connected to the inverter.

[0037] The electrical control box further comprises a photovoltaic detection unit configured to detect power information of the photovoltaic assembly.

[0038] The master control unit is further configured to receive the power information from the photovoltaic detection unit, and send a green charging command to the inverter when the total power of the energy storage battery module is less than a first power threshold and the output power of the photovoltaic assembly is greater than or equal to a first power threshold.

[0039] The inverter is further configured to transmit the energy of the photovoltaic assembly to the energy storage device and the power consumption load after receiving the green charging command sent by the master control unit.

[0040] The technical scheme of the present application can reduce the current in the energy storage device and the overall heat dissipation of the energy storage device by connecting the energy storage battery modules in series, thereby improving the service life, achieving higher reliability, stability and safety, and reducing the current resistance requirements of the devices and conductive wires used in the energy storage device, without using devices and conductive wires with very high current resistance, which is conducive to reducing production costs. In addition, by providing bypass switches connected in parallel with the battery packs in the energy storage battery modules, and the master control unit can control the bypass switches to be closed when the energy storage battery modules are abnormal, so that each energy storage battery module can be short-circuited when it fails. In this way, when part of the energy storage battery modules in the energy storage device fail, the remaining normal energy storage battery modules can work normally, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the energy storage device and improving the reliability and availability of the energy storage system.

[0041] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0043] Figure 1is a structural schematic of a kind to be provided in an embodiment of the application Energy Storage Equipment Figure One ;

[0044] Figure 2 is a structural schematic of a kind to be provided in an embodiment of the application Energy Storage Equipment Figure Two ;

[0045] Figure 3 is a structural schematic of a kind to be provided in an embodiment of the application Energy Storage Equipment Figure Three ;

[0046] Figure 4 is a structural schematic of a kind to be provided in an embodiment of the application Energy Storage System Figure One ;

[0047] Figure 5 is a structural schematic of a kind to be provided in an embodiment of the application Energy Storage System Figure Two . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the present application scheme, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application will be described clearly and completely below, combined with the drawings in the embodiment of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0050] Figure 1 is a structural schematic of a kind to be provided in an embodiment of the application Energy Storage Equipment Figure One , reference Figure 1The energy storage device 01 includes an electrical control box 10 and a plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20; the electrical control box 10 includes a master control unit 11; each energy storage battery module 20 includes a battery pack 21, a sub-control unit 22, and a bypass switch Q0 connected between the anode and the cathode of the battery pack 21, and the sub-control unit 22 is configured to collect monitoring information of the battery pack 21.

[0051] The master control unit 11 is connected with the sub-control unit 22 of each energy storage battery module 20, respectively, and the master control unit 11 is configured to receive the monitoring information of the battery pack 21 from each sub-control unit 22 and determine whether the corresponding energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal according to the received monitoring information; if it is determined that the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal, a closing command is sent to the bypass switch Q0 of the abnormal energy storage battery module 20. The bypass switch Q0 is configured to be closed after receiving the closing command sent by the master control unit 11, so as to short-circuit the abnormal energy storage battery module 20, so that the remaining normal energy storage battery modules 20 in the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 remain working.

[0052] The electrical control box 10 is mainly used to realize functions such as electrical connection protection, energy scheduling, and energy monitoring. In an optional embodiment, the electrical control box 10 integrates input and output power fuses, air break circuit breakers, relays, and other electrical components, which can timely control the on-off of the entire electrical circuit; in another optional embodiment, the electrical control box 10 also has functions such as external and internal voltage and current sampling, insulation impedance detection, temperature detection, overvoltage and overcurrent protection; in still another optional embodiment, the master control unit 11 in the electrical control box 10 also has functions of external communication and internal communication, so as to ensure that the energy storage device 01 can communicate and transmit data, and the master control unit 11 in the electrical control box 10 can integrate a battery management system (BMS) and an energy management system (EMS). In still another optional embodiment, the electrical control box 10 also includes a switching power supply 12, which is electrically connected with the master control unit 11 and the series circuit in the energy storage device 01, respectively. The switching power supply 12 is used to convert the high-voltage electrical signal in the series circuit into a low-voltage electrical signal and provide the low-voltage electrical signal to the master control unit 11; the switching power supply 12 can also be used to store energy, and can still provide the low-voltage electrical signal to the master control unit 11 when the series circuit is disconnected.

[0053] The energy storage battery module 20 is mainly used for storing energy and charging and discharging according to energy scheduling of the electrical control box 10. The battery pack 21 in the energy storage battery module 20 supports charging and discharging and storing electric quantity; the sub-control unit 22 in the energy storage battery module 20 supports functions such as fault protection, state of X (SOX) calculation, local data storage, and communication data reporting. When the electric quantity of the battery pack 21 is low and lower than a certain threshold, the sub-control unit 22 can control the battery pack 21 to charge according to the scheduling and actual scene requirements; when the electric quantity of the battery pack 21 is high and higher than a certain threshold, the energy storage device 01 is in an off-grid mode or according to the scheduling requirements, and the sub-control unit 22 can also control the battery pack 21 to discharge. In an optional embodiment, the battery pack 21 includes a plurality of battery cells in series and / or parallel; in another optional embodiment, the sub-control unit 22 includes a battery management unit (BMU), and the monitoring information of the battery pack 21 collected by the sub-control unit 22 includes but is not limited to current information, voltage information, electric quantity information, health information, and the like. In yet another optional embodiment, the energy storage battery module 20 includes a voltage and current acquisition circuit 23 connected with the battery pack 21 and the sub-control unit 22 respectively; the voltage and current acquisition circuit 23 is configured to acquire voltage information and current information of the battery pack 21; and the sub-control unit 22 is configured to collect the voltage information and the current information of the battery pack 21.

[0054] The bypass switch Q0 includes but is not limited to a high-voltage DC contactor with a controllable coil, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), and the like controllable switching devices. In an embodiment, a first end of the bypass switch Q0 is electrically connected with the anode of the battery pack 21, a second end of the bypass switch Q0 is electrically connected with the cathode of the battery pack 21, and a control end of the bypass switch Q0 is electrically connected with the master control unit 11. The bypass switch Q0 can be closed or opened under the control of the master control unit 11. When the bypass switch Q0 is closed, the energy storage battery module 20 in parallel with the bypass switch Q0 is short-circuited, and the short-circuited energy storage battery module 20 stops working; when the bypass switch Q0 is opened, the energy storage battery module 20 in parallel with the bypass switch Q0 can work normally.

[0055] For example, in the normal state, all energy storage battery modules 20 are normal, and the bypass switch Q0 in each energy storage battery module 20 is open, so that each energy storage battery module 20 can work normally. The main control unit 11 in the electrical control box 10 can be in communication connection with the sub-control unit 22 in each energy storage battery module 20, obtain the monitoring information of the battery pack 21 in each energy storage battery module 20, and judge whether the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal according to the monitoring information of each battery pack 21; when the main control unit 11 judges that the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal, a closing command can be sent to the bypass switch Q0 of the abnormal energy storage battery module 20, and the bypass switch Q0 is closed after receiving the closing command, short-circuiting the abnormal energy storage battery module 20, so that the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 stops working; when the main control unit 11 judges that the energy storage battery module 20 is normal, no closing command is sent, and the bypass switch Q0 of the other normal energy storage battery module 20 remains in the open state, so that the other normal energy storage battery module 20 can still work normally.

[0056] In the embodiment of the application, the energy storage battery modules are connected in series, which can reduce the current in the energy storage device and the overall heat generation of the energy storage device, thereby improving the service life, achieving higher reliability, stability and safety, and reducing the requirement for the current resistance of the devices and conductive wires used in the energy storage device, without the need to use devices and conductive wires with very high current resistance, which is conducive to reducing production costs. In addition, the bypass switch connected in parallel with the battery pack is arranged in the energy storage battery module, and the main control unit can control the bypass switch to be closed when the energy storage battery module is abnormal, so that each energy storage battery module can be short-circuited in case of failure. Therefore, when part of the energy storage battery modules in the energy storage device fail, the remaining normal energy storage battery modules can work normally, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the energy storage device and improving the reliability and availability of the energy storage system.

[0057] Optionally, continuing to refer to Figure 1 The electrical control box 10 further comprises a main switch K connected between the power supply end P of the energy storage device 01 and the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20; the main control unit 11 is further configured to send a closing command to the main switch K when at least one energy storage battery module 20 is normal, and send an opening command to the main switch K when all energy storage battery modules 20 are abnormal; and the main switch K is configured to be closed after receiving the closing command sent by the main control unit 11, and be opened after receiving the opening command sent by the main control unit 11.

[0058] The main switch K includes but is not limited to a controllable switching device such as a relay, an optoelectronic coupler, a MOSFET, an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), etc.

[0059] For example, the power terminal P includes a positive power terminal P1 and a negative power terminal P2. The positive power terminal P1 can be electrically connected to the anode of the battery pack 21 of the first energy storage battery module 20 connected in series, and the negative power terminal P2 can be electrically connected to the cathode of the battery pack 21 of the last energy storage battery module 20 connected in series. The electrical control box 10 can include one or more master control switches K, which can be arranged between the positive power terminal P1 and the first energy storage battery module 20 connected in series, and / or between the negative power terminal P2 and the last energy storage battery module 20 connected in series. In this way, when all the energy storage battery modules 20 are abnormal and all the bypass switches Q0 of the energy storage battery modules 20 are closed, the master control unit 11 can control the master control switch K to be opened, thereby avoiding the short circuit between the positive power terminal P1 and the negative power terminal P2 of the energy storage device.

[0060] Optionally, continuing to refer to Figure 1 , the electrical control box 10 further includes a circuit breaker QF connected between the power terminal of the energy storage device 01 and the plurality of energy storage battery modules 20 connected in series.

[0061] The circuit breaker QF includes but is not limited to an air circuit breaker, a molded case circuit breaker, etc. The circuit breaker QF can be opened when the circuit is overloaded or short-circuited, thereby achieving circuit protection.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, the power terminal P includes a positive power terminal P1 and a negative power terminal P2, and the electrical control box 10 can include one or more circuit breakers QF, which can be arranged between the positive power terminal P1 and the first energy storage battery module 20 connected in series, and / or between the negative power terminal P2 and the last energy storage battery module 20 connected in series.

[0063] In yet another optional embodiment, the electrical control box 10 is provided with both the master control switch K and the circuit breaker QF, which can constitute redundant protection, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage device 01.

[0064] Optionally, Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure Two Referring to Figure 2 Each energy storage battery module 20 further includes a first sub-switch Q1. In the same energy storage battery module 20: the first sub-switch Q1 is connected in series with the battery pack 21, and the first sub-switch Q1 and the battery pack 21 are connected in parallel with the bypass switch Q0. The sub-control unit 22 is further configured to send a disconnection command to the first sub-switch Q1 when the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal, and the first sub-switch Q1 is configured to be disconnected after receiving the disconnection command sent by the sub-control unit 22.

[0065] The first sub-switch Q1 includes, but is not limited to, a high-voltage direct-current contactor with a controllable coil, a MOSFET, and other controllable switching devices. In the same energy storage battery module 20, the first sub-switch Q1 and the battery pack 21 can be short-circuited by the bypass switch Q0 when the bypass switch Q0 is closed. The first sub-switch Q1 can be closed or opened under the control of the sub-control unit 22; when the first sub-switch Q1 is closed, the energy storage battery module 20 can be connected in series with other energy storage battery modules 20, and the energy storage battery module 20 works normally; when the first sub-switch Q1 is opened, the energy storage battery module 20 is disconnected, and the disconnected energy storage battery module 20 stops working.

[0066] For example, in the normal state, all energy storage battery modules 20 are normal, the bypass switch Q0 in each energy storage battery module 20 is open, and the first sub-switch Q1 in each energy storage battery module 20 is turned on, so that each energy storage battery module 20 can work normally. When the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal, the main control unit 11 can send a closing command to the bypass switch Q0 in the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 to control the bypass switch Q0 in the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 to close, and the sub-control unit 22 in the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 can send an opening command to the first sub-switch Q1 to control the first sub-switch Q1 to open, so that the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 stops working and the connection between the battery pack 21 in the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 and the line is disconnected; when the energy storage battery module 20 is normal, the main control unit 11 does not send a closing command to the bypass switch Q0, and the sub-control unit 22 in the energy storage battery module 20 does not send an opening command to the first sub-switch Q1, so that the other normal energy storage battery modules 20 can still work normally.

[0067] By providing a first sub-switch in the energy storage battery module and controlling the first sub-switch to open when the energy storage battery module is abnormal, the connection between the battery pack and the line can be disconnected, and the internal short-circuit fault of the battery pack can be avoided, which can cause a large current to exist in the battery pack and cause irreversible damage to the battery pack. In addition, the first sub-switch is configured to receive the command of the sub-control unit, which is conducive to reducing the connection line between the electrical control box and the energy storage battery module and reducing the production cost. In other optional embodiments, the first sub-switch can also be configured to receive the command of the main control unit, and the main control unit is further configured to send an opening command to the first sub-switch in the abnormal energy storage battery module when the energy storage battery module is abnormal, and the first sub-switch is configured to open after receiving the opening command sent by the main control unit. In this way, when the energy storage battery module is abnormal, the sub-control unit can be powered off or fail to send an opening command to the first sub-switch.

[0068] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, reference is continued to Figure 2, each energy storage battery module 20 further comprises a second sub-switch Q2, in the same energy storage battery module 20: the first sub-switch Q1 and the second sub-switch Q2 are connected in series with the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 21 respectively, and the first sub-switch Q1, the second sub-switch Q2 and the battery pack 21 are connected in parallel with the bypass switch Q0. The sub-control unit 22 is further configured to send a disconnection command to the second sub-switch Q2 when the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal; the second sub-switch Q2 is configured to be disconnected after receiving the disconnection command sent by the sub-control unit 22.

[0069] Wherein, the second sub-switch Q2 includes but is not limited to a high-voltage DC contactor with a controllable coil, a MOSFET and other controllable switching devices. In the same energy storage battery module 20, the first sub-switch Q1, the second sub-switch Q2 and the battery pack 21 can be short-circuited by the bypass switch Q0 when the bypass switch Q0 is closed. The second sub-switch Q2 can be closed or disconnected under the control of the sub-control unit 22; when both the first sub-switch Q1 and the second sub-switch Q2 are closed, the energy storage battery module 20 can be connected in series with other energy storage battery modules 20, and the energy storage battery module 20 works normally; when any one of the first sub-switch Q1 and the second sub-switch Q2 is disconnected, the energy storage battery module 20 is disconnected, and the disconnected energy storage battery module 20 stops working.

[0070] For example, in the normal state, all energy storage battery modules 20 are normal, the bypass switch Q0 in each energy storage battery module 20 is disconnected, and the first sub-switch Q1 and the second sub-switch Q2 in each energy storage battery module 20 are turned on, so that each energy storage battery module 20 can work normally. When the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal, the sub-control unit 22 in the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 can send a disconnection command to the first sub-switch Q1 and the second sub-switch Q2 to control the first sub-switch Q1 and the second sub-switch Q2 to be disconnected, so that the battery pack 21 is no longer electrically connected in series with the loop, which can avoid that the anode and cathode of the battery pack 21 in the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 are connected to the nodes with higher or lower voltage in the series loop after the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 is short-circuited, which is not conducive to the health of the battery pack 21, and can also avoid that the anode and cathode of the battery pack 21 in the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 are short-circuited, which damages the battery pack 21.

[0071] Optionally, continuing to refer to Figure 2 Each energy storage battery module 20 further comprises a fuse FU, in the same energy storage battery module 20: the fuse FU is connected in series with the battery pack 21, and the fuse FU and the battery pack 21 are connected in parallel with the bypass switch Q0.

[0072] The fuse FU and the battery pack 21 in the same energy storage battery module 20 can be short-circuited by the bypass switch Q0 when the bypass switch Q0 is closed. The fuse FU can provide short-circuit protection. When an abnormal short-circuit fault occurs in the energy storage battery module 20, a large current is generated in the battery pack 21, the fuse FU can cut off the circuit, so that the abnormal energy storage battery module 20 stops working. At the same time, the fuse FU is connected in parallel with the bypass switch Q0. When the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal, the bypass switch Q0 is closed to short-circuit the battery pack 21 and the fuse FU, so that when the fuse FU is disconnected, the remaining normal energy storage battery module 20 can work normally.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the first sub-switch Q1 and the fuse FU can be provided in the energy storage battery module 20 at the same time, and the two can constitute redundant protection. When the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal, the first sub-switch Q1 or the fuse FU cannot be disconnected in time, which can cause a large current to be generated in the battery pack 21 and cause irreversible damage to the battery pack 21.

[0074] Optionally, Figure 3 is a structural diagram of an energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure Three , with reference to Figure 3 The electrical control box 10 further comprises a first temperature acquisition circuit 13 connected with the main control unit 11. The first temperature acquisition circuit 13 is configured to acquire first temperature information of the electrical control box 10. Each energy storage battery module 20 further comprises a second temperature acquisition circuit 24 connected with the sub-control unit 22. The second temperature acquisition circuit 24 is configured to acquire second temperature information of the corresponding energy storage battery module 20. The sub-control unit 22 is further configured to collect the second temperature information of the corresponding energy storage battery module 20. The main control unit 11 is further configured to receive the first temperature information from the first temperature acquisition circuit 13 and the second temperature information from each sub-control unit 22, and determine whether the temperature of the corresponding energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal according to the received first temperature information and second temperature information. If it is determined that the temperature of the energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal, a closing command is sent to the bypass switch Q0 of the energy storage battery module 20 with the abnormal temperature.

[0075] The first temperature information comprises a current temperature value in the electrical control box 10, and the second temperature information comprises a current temperature value in the energy storage battery module 20. In an optional embodiment, the second temperature acquisition circuit 24 is arranged on the surface of the battery pack 21, and the second temperature information comprises the surface temperature of the battery pack 21.

[0076] For example, in a normal state, all energy storage battery modules 20 are normal, the temperature in each energy storage battery module 20 is within a reasonable range, and the difference between the current temperature value in the electrical control box 10 and the current temperature value in the energy storage battery module 20 is less than the temperature threshold. When the difference is large, the energy storage battery module 20 has a high risk of abnormal high temperature. The main control unit 11 can compare the difference between the current temperature value in the electrical control box 10 and the current temperature value in the energy storage battery module 20 with the temperature threshold. When the difference between the two is less than the temperature threshold, the main control unit 11 determines that the temperature of the corresponding energy storage battery module 20 is normal, and the main control unit 11 does not send a closing command to the bypass switch Q0. The bypass switch Q0 of the energy storage battery module 20 with normal temperature remains open, and the energy storage battery module 20 with normal temperature can work normally. When the difference between the two is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, the main control unit 11 determines that the temperature of the corresponding energy storage battery module 20 is abnormal, and controls the bypass switch Q0 of the energy storage battery module 20 with abnormal temperature to close in time, so that the energy storage battery module 20 with abnormal temperature stops working, to avoid abnormal temperature of the energy storage battery module 20 and burn the energy storage device 01.

[0077] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of energy storage system, Figure 4 It is a kind of energy storage system structure provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure One Referring to Figure 4 The energy storage system includes an inverter 02 and any of the energy storage devices 01 provided by the present application; the energy storage device 01 includes a power supply end P, and the power supply end P is electrically connected with a plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20; the power supply end P of the energy storage device 01 is also electrically connected with the inverter 02; the inverter 02 is configured to connect the power supply network 03 and the power consumption load 04.

[0078] The inverter 02 includes control circuit, inverter circuit and other circuit structures, which can convert direct current into alternating current and also can convert alternating current into direct current. The power supply network 03 includes but is not limited to 220V mains, kilovolt-level transformer substation, power distribution network and other power supply networks. The power consumption load 04 includes but is not limited to household load, public power consumption equipment and other power consumption equipment or power consumption system; when the power consumption load 04 includes household load, it can be an important load in the household, such as emergency lighting, communication equipment, household medical equipment, refrigerator and other equipment.

[0079] For example, when the power supply network 03 is powered, the inverter 02 can transmit the energy of the power supply network 03 to the power consumption load 04; when the power supply network 03 is powered off, the inverter 02 can transmit the energy in the energy storage device 01 to the power consumption load. In this way, when the power supply network 03 is powered off, the energy storage device 01 can supply power to the power consumption load 04, realizing emergency power supply.

[0080] It should be noted that,Figure 4 The figure only shows the schematic diagram of the connection between the inverter 02 and the power supply grid 03, and the schematic diagram of the connection between the inverter 02 and the power consumption load 04, but does not limit the number of connection lines between the inverter 02 and the power supply grid 03, and does not limit the number of connection lines between the inverter 02 and the power consumption load 04. In an optional embodiment, a plurality of connection lines are arranged between the inverter 02 and the power supply grid 03, and a plurality of connection lines are arranged between the inverter 02 and the power consumption load 04.

[0081] Optionally, Figure 5 is a structure schematic of an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure Two Referring to Figure 5 The electrical control box 10 further comprises a power grid detection unit 14 configured to detect power supply information of the power supply grid 03; the main control unit 11 is in communication connection with the inverter 02, and is further configured to receive the monitoring information of the battery pack 11 from each sub-control unit 12 and the power supply information from the power grid detection unit 14, and determine whether the total electric quantity of the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is less than a first electric quantity threshold and whether the power supply grid 03 is powered off according to the received monitoring information and power supply information; if the total electric quantity of the energy storage battery modules 20 is less than the first electric quantity threshold and the power supply grid 03 is powered on, a charging command is sent to the inverter 02; if the total electric quantity of the energy storage battery modules 20 is greater than or equal to the first electric quantity threshold and the power supply grid 03 is powered off, a discharging command is sent to the inverter 02; the inverter 02 is configured to, after receiving the charging command sent by the main control unit 11, transmit the energy of the power supply grid 03 to the energy storage device 01 and the power consumption load 04, and after receiving the discharging command sent by the main control unit 11, transmit the energy of the energy storage device 01 to the power consumption load 04.

[0082] The power supply information of the power supply grid 03 includes whether the power supply grid 03 is powered on, for example, the power supply information of the power supply grid 03 includes but is not limited to the power supply voltage, the power supply current and the like of the power supply grid 03. The first electric quantity threshold is used to measure the electric quantity state of the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20. In an optional embodiment, the first electric quantity threshold can be a preset percentage of the full total electric quantity of a plurality of normally working energy storage battery modules 20, for example, can be 50% of the full total electric quantity of a plurality of normally working energy storage battery modules 20; in another optional embodiment, the first electric quantity threshold can also be a fixed value or a user set value.

[0083] For example, when the total electric quantity of the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is less than the first electric quantity threshold, the energy storage device 01 has less electric quantity, and needs to be charged. If the power supply grid 03 has power at this time, the main control unit 11 can output a charging command to the inverter 02. The inverter 02 can transmit the energy of the power supply grid 03 to the energy storage device 01 according to the received charging command, charge the energy storage device 01 with the energy of the power supply grid 03, and at the same time, can also supply power to the power consumption load 04 with the energy of the power supply grid 03, to realize normal power storage and normal power supply.

[0084] When the power supply grid 03 is powered off and cannot supply power to the energy storage device 01 and the power consumption load 04, if the total electric quantity of the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is greater than or equal to the first electric quantity threshold at this time, the energy storage device 01 has sufficient electric quantity, and the main control unit 11 can output a discharging command to the inverter 02. The inverter 02 can transmit the energy of the energy storage device 01 to the power consumption load 04 according to the received discharging command, supply power to the power consumption load 04 with the energy of the energy storage device 01, and realize emergency power supply.

[0085] In other optional manners, in a normal state, the power supply grid 03 has power, the total electric quantity of the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is greater than or equal to the first electric quantity threshold, the energy storage device 01 has sufficient electric quantity, and the energy storage device 01 does not need to be charged. The main control unit 11 can output a direct supply command to the inverter 02. The inverter 02 can transmit the energy of the power supply grid 03 to the power consumption load 04 according to the received direct supply command. At this time, the energy storage device 01 is neither charged nor discharged, and only realizes normal power supply. In an extreme case, the power supply grid 03 is powered off, and the total electric quantity of the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is less than the first electric quantity threshold. The main control unit 11 can output a stop working command to the inverter 02. The inverter 02 can stop working according to the received stop working command, no longer transmit the energy of the power supply grid 03 to the energy storage device 01 and the power consumption load 04, and no longer transmit the energy of the energy storage device 01 to the power consumption load 04, to avoid deep discharging of the energy storage device 01 and affect the service life of the energy storage device 01.

[0086] In an optional embodiment, the inverter 02 includes a plurality of sub-inverters (not shown in the figure). The inverter 02 includes a sub-inverter arranged between the power supply grid 03 and the energy storage device 01, a sub-inverter arranged between the power supply grid 03 and the power consumption load 04, and a sub-inverter arranged between the energy storage device 01 and the power consumption load 04. Figure 5

[0087] ​Optionally, the energy storage system further comprises a photovoltaic assembly 05 connected to the inverter 02; the electrical control box 10 further comprises a photovoltaic detection unit 15 configured to detect power information of the photovoltaic assembly 05; the master control unit 11 is further configured to receive the power information from the photovoltaic detection unit 15, and send a green charging command to the inverter 02 when the total power of the energy storage battery modules 20 is less than the first power threshold and the output power of the photovoltaic assembly 05 is greater than or equal to the first power threshold; the inverter 02 is further configured to transmit the energy of the photovoltaic assembly 05 to the energy storage device 01 and the electrical load 04 after receiving the green charging command sent by the master control unit 11.

[0088] The power information of the photovoltaic assembly 05 includes the output power of the photovoltaic assembly 05. The first power threshold is used to measure the power generation state of the photovoltaic assembly 05. In an optional embodiment, the first power threshold can be related to the power of the electrical load 04; in another optional embodiment, the first power threshold can also be related to the charging power of the energy storage device 01; in yet another optional embodiment, the first power threshold can also be a fixed value or a user-set value.

[0089] For example, when the total power of the plurality of series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is less than the first power threshold, the energy storage device 01 has less power and needs to be charged. If the output power of the photovoltaic assembly 05 is greater than or equal to the first power threshold at this time, the master control unit 11 can output a green charging command to the inverter 02. The inverter 02 can transmit the energy of the photovoltaic assembly 05 to the energy storage device 01 according to the received green charging command, and use the energy of the photovoltaic assembly 05 to charge the energy storage device 01, while also being able to use the energy of the photovoltaic assembly 05 to power the electrical load 04, realizing green energy storage and green energy supply.

[0090] In other optional embodiments, when the total capacity of multiple series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is greater than or equal to a first capacity threshold, and the output power of the photovoltaic module 05 is greater than or equal to a first power threshold, the main control unit 11 can output a green direct supply command to the inverter 02. The inverter 02 can then transfer the energy of the photovoltaic module 05 to the electrical load 04 according to the received green direct supply command, thereby achieving green energy power supply. When the total capacity of multiple series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is greater than or equal to a first capacity threshold, and the output power of the photovoltaic module 05 is less than a first power threshold, and the power grid 03 is energized, the main control unit 11 can output a direct supply command to the inverter 02. The inverter 02 can then transfer the energy of the power grid 03 to the electrical load 04 according to the received direct supply command, thereby achieving conventional power supply. When the total charge of the series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is less than the first charge threshold, the output power of the photovoltaic module 05 is less than the first power threshold, and the power grid 03 is powered, the main control unit 11 can output a charging command to the inverter 02. The inverter 02 can then transfer the energy from the power grid 03 to the energy storage device 01 and the electrical load 04 according to the received charging command, thus achieving conventional energy storage and conventional power supply. When the total charge of the series-connected energy storage battery modules 20 is less than the first charge threshold, the output power of the photovoltaic module 05 is less than the first power threshold, and the power grid 03 is de-energized, the main control unit 11 can output a stop-work command to the inverter 02. The inverter 02 can then stop working according to the received stop-work command, thus avoiding deep discharge of the energy storage device 01 and affecting its service life.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, inverter 02 includes multiple sub-inverters ( Figure 5 (Not shown in the image) Inverter 02 may include, in addition to the sub-inverter disposed between the power grid 03 and the energy storage device 01, the sub-inverter disposed between the power grid 03 and the electrical load 04, and the sub-inverter disposed between the energy storage device 01 and the electrical load 04, it may also include the sub-inverter disposed between the energy storage device 01 and the photovoltaic module 05, and the sub-inverter disposed between the photovoltaic module 05 and the electrical load 04.

[0092] The energy storage system provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes the energy storage device provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding technical features and beneficial effects of the energy storage device. For the contents not described in detail in the embodiments of the energy storage system, please refer to the description of the energy storage device above, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] Note that the above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and the principles of the technology applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and can include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes an electrical control box and multiple energy storage battery modules connected in series; The electrical control box includes a main control unit; Each of the energy storage battery modules includes a battery pack, a sub-control unit, and a bypass switch; The bypass switch is connected between the anode and cathode of the battery pack; the sub-control unit is configured to collect monitoring information of the battery pack; The main control unit is connected to the sub-control unit of each of the energy storage battery modules. The main control unit is configured to receive monitoring information of the battery pack from each of the sub-control units, and determine whether the corresponding energy storage battery module is abnormal based on the received monitoring information. If the energy storage battery module is determined to be abnormal, a closing command is sent to the bypass switch of the abnormal energy storage battery module. The bypass switch is configured to close upon receiving a closing command from the main control unit to short-circuit the malfunctioning energy storage battery module, thereby ensuring that the remaining normal energy storage battery modules among the multiple series-connected energy storage battery modules continue to operate.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical control box also includes a main circuit switch; the main circuit switch is connected between the power supply terminal of the energy storage device and the multiple energy storage battery modules connected in series. The main control unit is also configured to send a closing command to the main circuit switch when at least one of the energy storage battery modules is normal, and to send a disconnect command to the main circuit switch when all the energy storage battery modules are abnormal. The main circuit switch is configured to close upon receiving a closing command from the main control unit, and to open upon receiving a disconnection command from the main control unit.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical control box also includes a circuit breaker; the circuit breaker is connected between the power supply terminal of the energy storage device and the multiple energy storage battery modules connected in series.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the energy storage battery modules also includes a first sub-switch; In the same energy storage battery module: the first sub-switch is connected in series with the battery pack, and the first sub-switch and the battery pack are connected in parallel with the bypass switch; The sub-control unit is also configured to send a disconnect command to the first sub-switch when the energy storage battery module malfunctions. The first sub-switch is configured to disconnect upon receiving a disconnect command from the sub-control unit.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the energy storage battery modules also includes a second sub-switch; In the same energy storage battery module: the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch are connected in series with the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack, respectively; the first sub-switch, the second sub-switch, and the battery pack are connected in parallel with the bypass switch. The sub-control unit is also configured to send a disconnect command to the second sub-switch when the energy storage battery module malfunctions; The second sub-switch is configured to disconnect upon receiving a disconnect command from the sub-control unit.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the energy storage battery modules also includes a fuse; In the same energy storage battery module: the fuse is connected in series with the battery pack, and the fuse and the battery pack are connected in parallel with the bypass switch.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical control box further includes a first temperature acquisition circuit; the first temperature acquisition circuit is connected to the main control unit; the first temperature acquisition circuit is configured to acquire first temperature information of the electrical control box. Each of the energy storage battery modules also includes a second temperature acquisition circuit; The second temperature acquisition circuit is connected to the sub-control unit; the second temperature acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the second temperature information of the corresponding energy storage battery module; the sub-control unit is also configured to collect the second temperature information of the corresponding energy storage battery module. The main control unit is also configured to receive the first temperature information from the first temperature acquisition circuit and the second temperature information from each of the sub-control units, and to determine whether the temperature of the corresponding energy storage battery module is abnormal based on the received first temperature information and second temperature information. If the temperature of the energy storage battery module is determined to be abnormal, a closing command is sent to the bypass switch of the energy storage battery module with abnormal temperature.

8. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes an inverter and an energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1-7; The energy storage device includes a power supply terminal, which is electrically connected to a plurality of energy storage battery modules connected in series. The power supply terminal of the energy storage device is also electrically connected to the inverter; the inverter is configured to connect to the power grid and the electrical load.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electrical control box also includes a power grid detection unit, which is configured to detect the power supply information of the power grid. The main control unit is communicatively connected to the inverter. The main control unit is also configured to receive monitoring information from the battery packs of each of the sub-control units and power supply information from the grid detection unit. Based on the received monitoring information and power supply information, the main control unit determines whether the total charge of the multiple series-connected energy storage battery modules is less than a first charge threshold and whether the power grid is de-energized. If the total charge of the energy storage battery modules is less than the first charge threshold and the power grid is energized, a charging command is sent to the inverter. If the total charge of the energy storage battery modules is greater than or equal to the first charge threshold and the power grid is de-energized, a discharging command is sent to the inverter. The inverter is configured to, upon receiving a charging command from the main control unit, transmit energy from the power grid to the energy storage device and the electrical load, and upon receiving a discharging command from the main control unit, transmit energy from the energy storage device to the electrical load.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The energy storage system also includes photovoltaic modules, which are connected to the inverter. The electrical control box also includes a photovoltaic detection unit, which is configured to detect the power information of the photovoltaic module; The main control unit is also configured to receive power information from the photovoltaic detection unit, and send a green charging command to the inverter when the total power of the energy storage battery module is less than a first power threshold and the output power of the photovoltaic module is greater than or equal to the first power threshold. The inverter is also configured to transmit the energy of the photovoltaic module to the energy storage device and the electrical load after receiving a green charging command sent by the main control unit.

Images