Dual-mode based low-voltage power grid state information management method and system

Abstract

The application provides a low-voltage power grid state information management method and system based on a dual mode, belongs to the field of power line carrier communication, and solves the problem that the bit error rate is still high in some scenarios. The method comprises the following steps: collecting control harmonic characteristic parameters of grid-connected inverter equipment in a high-speed power carrier communication channel and physical layer state parameters of the high-speed power carrier communication channel; at the concentrator side or the edge node side, a bit error rate risk assessment model is constructed based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters to identify the link risk state that needs to perform feedforward gain limitation and spectrum migration; in the case where it is determined based on the link risk state that the control harmonic causes the high-speed power carrier communication front end to be selectively desensitized, the feedforward gain limitation is applied to the high-speed power carrier communication channel, the high-risk subcarrier is migrated to a low-risk frequency band, and a bypass relay path is established through a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit key data during execution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power line carrier communication technology, and in particular to a method and system for managing low-voltage power grid status information based on dual-mode. Background Technology

[0002] Under the dual-mode communication framework of HPLC (High-speed Power Line Communication) and HRF (High-speed Radio Frequency), low-voltage distribution network status information management has the ability to achieve local access based on existing distribution lines and flexible coverage for end-user energy scenarios. On the one hand, power lines can quickly collect and transmit data such as voltage / current, power quality, power flow and topology status within the transformer area, and maintain good pipeline adaptability when passing through complex environments such as walls, shafts and metal cabinets in the transformer area. On the other hand, the wireless radio frequency link can still maintain stable reporting during interference-sensitive periods such as phase zero crossover. It has a natural bypass capability for power line channel obstruction, coupling point aging, narrowband notch caused by end filters, impedance changes caused by load disturbances, and topology changes caused by construction and renovation. Thus, it improves redundancy and anti-interference level in scenarios such as dense terminal access, distributed power grid connection, energy storage and centralized charging of electric vehicles. Through dual-mode collaboration, the system can achieve a balance between low latency and wide coverage, optimize link selection and load sharing under different service priorities, reduce transformation costs and maintenance complexity, and meet the comprehensive requirements of low-voltage power distribution for reliability, continuity, scalability and economy. However, the bit error rate is still relatively high in some scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management method and system, which can solve the problem of high bit error rate in some scenarios.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides a dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management method, including:

[0005] The control harmonic characteristic parameters of grid-connected inverter equipment in the distribution area and the physical layer status parameters of the high-speed power line carrier communication channel are collected. The control harmonic characteristic parameters include at least one of switching frequency, combination frequency, amplitude and phase. The physical layer status parameters include automatic gain control operating point, noise baseline and subcarrier bit error rate.

[0006] On the concentrator side or edge node side, a bit error rate risk assessment model is constructed based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters to identify link risk states that require feedforward gain limiting and spectrum migration.

[0007] If, based on the link risk status, it is determined that the presence of control harmonics causes selective desensitization of the high-speed power line carrier communication front end, the working range of automatic gain control is applied to the high-speed power line carrier communication channel to migrate high-risk subcarriers to low-risk frequency bands, and a bypass relay path is established through the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit critical data during the spectrum migration and feedforward gain limitation period.

[0008] Optionally, the step of constructing a bit error rate risk assessment model based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters at the concentrator side or edge node side to identify link risk states that require feedforward gain limiting and spectrum migration includes:

[0009] On the concentrator side or edge node side, a bit error rate risk assessment model is constructed based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters;

[0010] Based on the bit error rate risk assessment model, a crisis time window is generated for the high-speed power line carrier communication channel to identify the set of high-risk subcarriers;

[0011] By combining the crisis time window with the set of high-risk subcarriers, link risk states that require feedforward gain limiting and spectrum migration are identified.

[0012] Optionally, the step of constructing a bit error rate risk assessment model based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters includes:

[0013] The control harmonic characteristic parameters are subjected to time series smoothing.

[0014] Based on the physical layer state parameters and the processed control harmonic characteristic parameters, an empirical surface model is obtained by fitting through spline regression or Gaussian process regression, and the empirical surface model is used as the risk assessment model.

[0015] Optionally, the step of generating a crisis time window for the high-speed power line carrier communication channel based on the bit error rate risk assessment model to identify a set of high-risk subcarriers includes:

[0016] The crisis time window for the high-speed power line carrier communication channel is generated based on the bit error rate risk assessment model.

[0017] The slope of the group delay with respect to frequency and the rate of change of the impedance spectrum for each subcarrier are obtained based on physical layer measurements.

[0018] The combined threshold of the slope of the group delay with respect to frequency and the rate of change of the impedance spectrum is used as the basis for subcarrier risk screening, and the high-risk subcarrier set is preferentially identified within the crisis time window.

[0019] Optionally, the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is configured as the priority transmission channel for event-type messages within the crisis time window, and the high-speed power line carrier communication channel is configured as the transmission channel for periodic and differential components within the crisis time window.

[0020] Optionally, establishing a bypass relay path via a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit critical data during spectrum migration and feedforward gain limitations includes:

[0021] Trigger a low duty cycle probe pulse within the zero-crossing phase window of the power grid to measure multipath stability;

[0022] Based on the measured stability, a bypass relay path is established by selecting the relay pointer and packet transmission time slot to transmit critical data during spectrum migration and feedforward gain limitation.

[0023] Optional, also includes:

[0024] When it is determined that there are control harmonics causing selective desensitization of the high-speed power line carrier communication front end based on the link risk status, the transmission parameters are dynamically adjusted under the condition of satisfying electromagnetic compatibility constraints, which include at least the field strength limit threshold and the sideband leakage threshold.

[0025] When sideband leakage is detected to exceed the constraints, automatic transmission parameter backoff control is executed to reduce the electromagnetic radiation level and restore it to the compliant range. The transmission parameter backoff control includes at least one of reducing the transmission power density, reducing the number of subcarriers participating in the transmission, reducing the transmission duty cycle, and reducing the concurrent packet transmission rate.

[0026] While the launch parameter yield control is being executed, event logs are generated and stored.

[0027] A second aspect of this application provides a dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management system, including:

[0028] The construction unit is used to dynamically learn the electrical phase of each terminal in the high-speed power line carrier communication channel of a three-phase four-wire power grid by means of carrier coupling success rate, construct an electrical phase identification model and record the communication characteristics of the phase line to which each terminal belongs;

[0029] The identification unit is used to identify the link isolation status between different phase lines by combining the electrical phase communication spectrum generated by the concentrator side based on the phase information of each terminal.

[0030] The optimization unit is used to execute a preset collaborative packet sending optimization strategy when it is determined that there is a cross-phase communication bottleneck based on the link isolation status, and to establish an out-of-phase relay path through a high-speed wireless communication channel during the optimization process.

[0031] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is used to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the dual-mode-based low-voltage power grid status information management method described above.

[0032] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described dual-mode-based low-voltage power grid status information management method.

[0033] Grid-connected inverters generate stable or semi-stable control harmonics and combined frequency components in their current loop, power loop, and modulation link. These components create narrowband ripples on the equivalent impedance of the low-voltage side grid that vary with time and operating conditions. For high-speed power line carrier communication, these ripples alter the equivalent input impedance and noise baseline at the coupling point, causing AGC (Automatic Gain Control) to deviate from its optimal operating point and inducing increased bit error rates near specific subcarriers. This effect exhibits temporal regularity and frequency domain concentration, meaning that increased bit error risk occurs simultaneously in certain time intervals, such as during periods of rapid adjustment of the inverter controller output voltage vector, and in certain narrow frequency bands related to control harmonics and their combined frequencies. In summary, the dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management method provided in this application collects control harmonic characteristic parameters of grid-connected inverter equipment within a distribution area and physical layer status parameters of the high-speed power line carrier communication channel. The control harmonic characteristic parameters include at least one of switching frequency, combination frequency, amplitude, and phase, and the physical layer status parameters include automatic gain control operating point, noise baseline, and subcarrier bit error rate. At the concentrator side or edge node side, a bit error rate risk assessment model is constructed based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer status parameters to identify link risk states that require feedforward gain limiting and spectrum migration. If the link risk state determines that control harmonics cause selective desensitization of the high-speed power line carrier communication front end, feedforward gain limiting is applied to the high-speed power line carrier communication channel to constrain the automatic gain control operating range, high-risk subcarriers are migrated to low-risk frequency bands, and a bypass relay path is established through a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit critical data during spectrum migration and feedforward gain limiting. It is known that grid-connected inverters continuously generate stable or semi-stable control harmonics and narrowband noise spikes near their switching frequency and its combination with power frequency harmonics. This energy is applied to the equivalent impedance of the low-voltage side grid through the grid connection point, causing the equivalent input impedance and noise baseline of the communication coupling point to exhibit narrowband fluctuations over time and under different operating conditions. This drives the automatic gain control at the receiver to deviate from its nominal operating point and induces an increase in bit error rate near specific subcarriers. Based on this observable pattern that is segmented in time and clustered in the frequency domain, two types of characteristic flows—inverter control harmonic characteristics and communication physical layer state—can be fused at the concentrator or edge node side to construct a subcarrier-oriented bit error risk assessment model. This model can identify selectively desensitized link risk states online and handle them in three ways within the risk time window. The automatic gain control swing range is limited by a feedforward method, high-risk subcarriers are reconfigured and migrated to low-risk frequency bands, and bypass relays are established for critical data through high-speed wireless radio frequency channels to ensure end-to-end reliability. Therefore, it can significantly reduce the bit error rate of high-risk subcarriers in risky sections, stabilize automatic gain control behavior, and ensure the latency of critical services.

[0034] Correspondingly, the systems, electronic devices, and computer-readable storage media provided in the embodiments of the present invention also have the above-mentioned technical effects. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a possible dual-mode-based low-voltage power grid status information management method provided in this application embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic structural block diagram of a possible dual-mode-based low-voltage power grid status information management system provided for embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a possible hardware structure for a dual-mode-based low-voltage power grid status information management system provided in this application embodiment;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic structural block diagram of a possible electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural block diagram of a possible computer-readable storage medium provided for embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] This application provides a dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management method and related equipment, which can solve the problem of high bit error rate in some scenarios.

[0041] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus. The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them.

[0042] Please see Figure 1 The flowchart below illustrates a dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management method provided in this application embodiment, which may specifically include:

[0043] S110-S130.

[0044] S110, the control harmonic characteristic parameters of the grid-connected inverter equipment in the distribution area and the physical layer status parameters of the high-speed power line carrier communication channel are collected in the high-speed power line carrier communication channel. The control harmonic characteristic parameters include at least one of switching frequency, combination frequency, amplitude and phase. The physical layer status parameters include automatic gain control operating point, noise baseline and subcarrier bit error rate.

[0045] S120, On the concentrator side or edge node side, a bit error rate risk assessment model is constructed based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters to identify link risk states that require feedforward gain limiting and spectrum migration.

[0046] S130, if it is determined based on the link risk status that the presence of control harmonics causes selective desensitization of the high-speed power line carrier communication front end, the working range of automatic gain control is applied to the high-speed power line carrier communication channel to migrate high-risk subcarriers to low-risk frequency bands, and a bypass relay path is established through the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit critical data during the spectrum migration and feedforward gain limitation period.

[0047] Understandably, considering the inherent nature of the frequency and amplitude-phase trajectories of control harmonics and their reproducibility across different scenarios, and the fact that their interaction with physical layer state parameters such as AGC operating point, noise baseline, and historical subcarrier bit error rate can be fitted using empirical models, a risk assessment model for control harmonics, AGC operating point, and bit error rate can be built at the edge or concentrator end to predict upcoming high-risk time intervals and pre-determine the set of subcarriers that need to be avoided or downweighted. When feedforward gain limiting and spectrum migration are applied to high-speed power line carrier communication channels, short-term throughput reduction may affect critical reporting. Establishing bypass relay paths through high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channels and prioritizing the transmission of critical data can maintain service continuity during the execution of necessary physical layer conservative strategies at the carrier end. Due to the significant differences in the interference sources and propagation mechanisms of the two media, they exhibit low correlation in most scenarios; therefore, collaboration can significantly improve overall availability.

[0048] For example, considering the need to simultaneously know the frequency location of the interference source and the communication link at the corresponding frequency point, the terminal and concentrator collaboratively conduct two data acquisitions in the high-speed power line carrier communication channel of the distribution area. One acquisition targets the control harmonic characteristics of the grid-connected inverter equipment, employing a combination of fine-grained spectrum scanning with sliding windows and narrowband tracking, covering a bandwidth of no less than twice the upper limit of the switching frequency. It automatically identifies the current switching frequency, the main combination frequency set, the amplitude and phase of each frequency point, and establishes a time grid by half-cycle or full cycle. The other acquisition targets the communication physical layer status, continuously recording the noise baseline, pilot error vector amplitude, group delay and its frequency slope, real-time operating point of automatic gain control, and short-window bit error statistics on each subcarrier. Simultaneously, it reads electromagnetic compatibility-related field strength and sideband leakage measurements for subsequent spectrum migration constraints. The two data sources use grid zero-crossing as a unified reference, are interpolated and resampled to the same timestamp, and labeled with operating conditions, such as inverter power step, maximum power point tracking disturbance, and charge / discharge switching, thus forming a joint sample of time, frequency, and operating conditions. This ensures that subsequent models can compare the correspondence between control harmonics and physical layer states on strictly aligned timelines, reducing misjudgments caused by different sampling time bases and providing fine frequency domain resolution for risk localization.

[0049] For example, physical prior constraints on statistical learning can be used to enable the model to characterize the combined effects of features such as control harmonic proximity, amplitude and noise baseline, automatic gain control offset, impedance spectrum change rate, group delay frequency slope, and pilot error vector magnitude on the bit error rate, while avoiding overfitting to occasional artifacts. First, long-term samples covering multiple real-world operating conditions are collected in the pilot area. Using whether the subcarrier bit error rate exceeds the service threshold as a weak label, a logic model or gradient boosting tree with monotonicity constraints is trained. Shape priors are defined, such as the risk not decreasing with increasing control harmonic amplitude, the risk not decreasing with increasing subcarrier frequency proximity to the control harmonic, and the risk not decreasing with rising noise baseline. Cross-validation is then used to select environmentally adaptive parameter ranges such as bit error risk thresholds, automatic gain control offset thresholds, noise rise thresholds, and impedance spectrum change thresholds. After deployment, small-step calibration is performed at edge nodes using sliding time windows to gently update the model parameters. Simultaneously, confidence thresholds and outlier suppression strategies are introduced to prevent short-term distortions from causing model drift. This allows for the creation of an interpretable and robust online risk scorer that maintains stable discrimination capabilities across different seasonal loads and equipment replacements, and can directly provide risk rankings at the subcarrier level.

[0050] For example, risk scores for individual subcarriers can be aggregated into link-level alarms that trigger operational actions. Bounded risk windows can be determined using segment detection, thereby reducing unnecessary disturbances to communication resources. During implementation, the set and proportion of high-risk subcarriers are calculated in each time slice, along with the duration of continuous over-threshold events and the consistency index of adjacent frequency points. A link risk state is only identified when the proportion of high-risk subcarriers exceeds a set ratio, the duration of continuous over-threshold events reaches the minimum duration, and adjacent subcarriers exhibit clustering characteristics in the frequency domain. To locate segment boundaries, Bayesian segment detection or a hysteresis-based dual-threshold method is used to segment the risk proportion and consistency curves, obtaining start and end times, and outputting high-risk subsets graded by risk intensity and suggested handling priorities. This condenses scattered subcarrier anomalies into clear risk events, forming an output format of start time, end time, and high-risk frequency bands, providing accurate timing and target sets for subsequent feedforward limiting, spectrum migration, and bypass relay triggering.

[0051] For example, when noise suddenly spikes at certain narrowband frequencies, allowing automatic gain control (AGC) to quickly follow would sacrifice the effective signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of other frequencies across the entire band and cause overall bit error rate fluctuations. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the gain range and step speed of AGC within the risk window using a feedforward approach, ensuring that it adjusts slowly only within a range that does not compromise the demodulation quality of low-risk frequency bands. During a short transition period before the risk begins, the allowable AGC target range and step limit can be calculated based on the set of low-risk subcarriers. The results are then sent to the AGC interface of the terminal via a concentrator. Convergence ranges for the maximum step, minimum step, and target power threshold are set, allowing AGC to adjust slowly within these ranges and avoid saturation or clipping. Simultaneously, the real-time SNR baseline and pilot error vector amplitude of the low-risk subcarriers are monitored. If the baseline approaches, the range is actively expanded or the step size is increased to ensure demodulation quality. This significantly reduces the variance of AGC within the risk window, stabilizes the demodulation performance of low-risk frequency bands, and avoids the sacrifice of full-band performance caused by following narrowband noise.

[0052] For example, after identifying stable or semi-stable narrowband high-risk subcarriers, the bit loading, power allocation, and pilot layout can be replanned by comparing the noise baseline, neighbor cell occupancy, and electromagnetic compatibility constraints of available low-risk frequency bands. High-risk subcarriers are then mapped to low-risk areas, while ensuring continuous control plane signaling and time synchronization. In other words, the concentrator can predict the noise baseline of all candidate frequency bands based on recent observations, exclude bands with occupied neighbor cells or unmet electromagnetic compatibility constraints, select a safe frequency band set, and generate new tone masks and bit loading tables based on the principle of prioritizing control plane and critical service carrying. These are then gradually implemented over multiple frame periods in the order of control plane first, then data plane, with minimum dwell time and migration intervals set to avoid convergence jitter caused by frequent switching. For secondary risk subsets requiring only short-term avoidance, lightweight strategies such as reduced-order modulation, enhanced pilots, and temporary power backoff are used. Immediate migration is not necessary; the original configuration is restored according to a predetermined backoff strategy after the risk is eliminated. This minimizes the impact of high-risk frequency bands on critical payloads while taking into account neighboring cell cooperation and electromagnetic compatibility boundaries, thereby improving spectrum utilization efficiency and stability in complex radio frequency environments.

[0053] For example, during the transition period when spectrum migration and feedforward constraints are still in effect, critical small-volume messages may still be affected by residual risks. Therefore, within the risk window, a physically independent high-speed wireless radio frequency channel carries necessary control commands and acknowledgment information to reduce end-to-end latency and loss probability. When entering a risk state, the concentrator selects only critical types such as meter reading control, protection-related messages, and time synchronization messages into the bypass queue based on a message category whitelist. On the wireless side, low duty cycle probe pulses are used to maintain link reachability and power adaptive limits, strictly meeting field strength limits and sideband leakage thresholds. Scheduling prioritizes short messages with single-packet time sensitivity, setting retransmission limits and timeout fallback strategies. The bypass ends when the risk is resolved and the main link is reset. During this period, critical messages transmitted via the bypass undergo a consistency check and necessary re-distribution after the main link recovers. This significantly reduces the loss and queuing delay of critical messages during the risk period, achieving rigid protection of service continuity, while avoiding additional interference to the surrounding wireless environment through duty cycle and power limit control.

[0054] For example, the aforementioned detection, decision-making, and handling processes can be incorporated into a traceable and measurable closed-loop operation and maintenance system to ensure that electromagnetic compatibility, neighbor cell coordination, and data consistency requirements are continuously met. During implementation, the concentrator retains a full-link record of risk detection, parameter thresholds, handling actions, and effect evaluation, and periodically generates reports for operation and maintenance comparison. Simultaneously, electromagnetic compatibility self-checks are performed on spectrum migration and wireless bypass actions; if field strength or sideband leakage is detected to be close to the threshold, power is proactively reduced or dwell time is shortened. A consistent encryption and authentication strategy is adopted for interfaces to external systems. Idempotent identifiers are introduced for critical messages in both bypass and main links to ensure correct merging of duplicate deliveries. All thresholds and policy parameters can be remotely updated under access control and can be released in a canary manner. This ensures the long-term operability and compliance of this method, reduces manual inspection costs, and provides a basis for subsequent parameter optimization.

[0055] In some examples, a bit error rate risk assessment model is constructed on the concentrator side or edge node side based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters to identify link risk states that require feedforward gain limiting and spectrum migration, including:

[0056] On the concentrator side or edge node side, a bit error rate risk assessment model is constructed based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters;

[0057] Based on the bit error rate risk assessment model, a crisis time window is generated for the high-speed power line carrier communication channel to identify the set of high-risk subcarriers;

[0058] By combining the crisis time window with the set of high-risk subcarriers, link risk states that require feedforward gain limiting and spectrum migration are identified.

[0059] For example, the concentration of control harmonics and combined frequencies introduced by grid-connected inverter equipment in the frequency domain, as well as the narrowband equivalent impedance fluctuations and noise increases caused by changes in operating conditions, can be mapped to bit error risk scores at each subcarrier level. Lightweight modeling and online inference modules are deployed at the concentrator or edge nodes, taking into account two types of time-synchronization feature streams jointly collected by the terminal and the concentrator. One type is control harmonic characteristic parameters, including the current switching frequency, the location of the main combined frequency, the amplitude and phase of each frequency point, amplitude stability, and drift over time. The other type is communication physical layer state parameters, including the noise baseline of each subcarrier, pilot error vector amplitude, group delay and its frequency slope, automatic gain control operating point and its offset, short-window bit error statistics, and inter-carrier consistency indicators. The project employs a shape-based prior logic model or gradient boosting tree, explicitly injecting three types of monotonic priors: higher control harmonic amplitude does not reduce risk; higher frequency proximity between subcarriers and control harmonics does not reduce risk; and higher noise baseline does not reduce risk. Zero-crossover aligned half-cycles or whole cycles are used as time grids. Parameters and thresholds are first calibrated offline in pilot areas using multi-condition samples, then fine-tuned online using a sliding window to adapt to seasonal changes and equipment replacements. The model outputs risk scores and confidence levels for each subcarrier, and records feature contributions for operational interpretation. This yields an interpretable, online-updable, and artifact-resistant subcarrier-level risk metric that stably reflects temporally segmented and frequency-domain clustered interference patterns, providing reliable input for subsequent window generation and scheduling decisions. Instantaneous subcarrier risk scores can be condensed into risk segments with clearly defined start and end boundaries, ensuring that subsequent gain constraints and spectrum reconfiguration take effect at accurate times and within the correct range. At edge nodes, risk scores for consecutive time slices are aggregated. First, four evidentiary measures are calculated: the proportion of high-risk subcarriers, the clustering degree of adjacent frequencies, the duration of continuous over-threshold events, and the synchronicity of automatic gain control (AGC) offset. Only when the proportion exceeds a set percentage, a minimum duration exists, and the frequency domain clustering reaches a threshold and is synchronously coupled with the AGC offset, is a candidate crisis segment entered. Subsequently, a hysteresis-based double-threshold method or Bayesian segment detection is used to find rising and falling boundaries on the time axis, obtaining the start and end times of the crisis time window. Within this window, high-risk subcarrier sets and second-highest-risk sets are identified based on risk score ranking and frequency domain connectivity, and each set is assigned a risk level, suggested action priority, and expected duration. To avoid over-triggering, an upper limit is set on the window length, and a cooldown time is introduced. Neighbor cell occupancy, electromagnetic compatibility field strength, and sideband leakage measurements are cached as external constraints for spectral actions within the window. This results in a structured and executable correlation between crisis windows and high-risk frequency bands, reducing unnecessary intervention during stable periods and improving the accuracy of capturing short but highly risky segments. Furthermore, under the dual constraints of time and frequency, it can distinguish between light risks that can be stabilized with only gain constraints and heavy risks that must be migrated and may require bypassing, thus matching resource investment with risk intensity.On the same time base triggered by the window, the signal-to-noise ratio baseline and pilot error vector amplitude stability of the low-risk subcarriers within the window can be calculated first. This is used to assess whether narrowing the automatic gain control step and target interval can suppress the pulling effect of the high-risk frequency band on the entire band without compromising the demodulation quality of the low-risk frequency band. If the low-risk baseline is sufficient and the high-risk set is small in size, dispersed, or has a short expected duration, it is marked as a link risk state with feedforward gain limitation as the priority. The allowable interval, maximum step, minimum step, and target power threshold of automatic gain control are immediately issued, and the high-risk set is temporarily down-modulated and encrypted for pilot measurement. If the high-risk set is large in size, forms a continuous cluster in the frequency domain, and the expected duration exceeds the threshold, or the low-risk baseline is approaching the boundary, it is marked as a link risk state with spectrum migration. A safe frequency band is selected according to noise baseline prediction, neighbor cell occupancy, and electromagnetic compatibility constraints. A new tone mask and bit loading table are generated and implemented in frames according to the priority of the control plane. At the same time, high-speed wireless radio frequency bypass relay is triggered for key thin messages, and end-to-end time limits and retransmission limits are set. The criterion for resolving the status quo is that the risk percentage within a consecutive number of grid cells decreases and the automatic gain control offset, noise baseline, and pilot error vector amplitude recover to near the median of the statistical interval. Afterward, the original configuration is restored according to a predetermined rollback strategy, and bypass statistics are zeroed. This strongly binds the decisions regarding gain limiting, migration, and bypass activation to window and frequency band quantization, avoiding excessive migration and resource waste, while significantly reducing bit errors and end-to-end latency fluctuations during high-risk periods, ensuring that critical business continuity and compliance electromagnetic compatibility boundaries are not breached.

[0060] In some examples, the construction of the bit error rate risk assessment model based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters includes:

[0061] The control harmonic characteristic parameters are subjected to time series smoothing.

[0062] Based on the physical layer state parameters and the processed control harmonic characteristic parameters, an empirical surface model is obtained by fitting through spline regression or Gaussian process regression, and the empirical surface model is used as the risk assessment model.

[0063] For example, the control harmonics and combined frequencies of grid-connected inverters fluctuate in the narrowband frequency domain depending on the operating conditions. These fluctuations affect the subcarrier bit error rate performance through the low-voltage side equivalent impedance and noise baseline. To transform this observable pattern, which is segmented in time and clustered in the frequency domain, into a computable risk metric, the control harmonic characteristics can first be smoothed over time to suppress measurement noise and short spurious peaks. Then, they can be aligned with the communication physical layer state parameters on a unified time base and frequency grid. Subsequently, spline regression or Gaussian process regression is used to fit an empirical surface with control harmonics and physical layer state as independent variables and subcarrier bit error risk as the response. This empirical surface is then used as an online risk assessment model. The final model outputs a subcarrier-level risk score and uncertainty, which can trigger actions such as feedforward gain limiting and spectrum shifting. The technical effect is that the risk window identification is more stable and accurate, and the false positive and false negative rates are significantly reduced.

[0064] In some examples, the generation of a crisis time window for the high-speed power line carrier communication channel based on the bit error rate risk assessment model to identify a set of high-risk subcarriers includes:

[0065] The crisis time window for the high-speed power line carrier communication channel is generated based on the bit error rate risk assessment model.

[0066] The slope of the group delay with respect to frequency and the rate of change of the impedance spectrum for each subcarrier are obtained based on physical layer measurements.

[0067] The combined threshold of the slope of the group delay with respect to frequency and the rate of change of the impedance spectrum is used as the basis for subcarrier risk screening, and the high-risk subcarrier set is preferentially identified within the crisis time window.

[0068] For example, control harmonics from grid-connected inverters can create predictable narrowband risk segments in the high-speed power line carrier communication channel in both time and frequency. While the bit error rate risk assessment model provides continuous risk score trajectories at the time slice level, converting these scores into actionable steps requires condensing discrete high-score segments on the time axis into crisis time windows with clear start and end boundaries. Within these windows, further secondary screening is performed using two types of derived indicators that reflect changes in physical layer dispersion and port matching. This allows for precise identification of the subcarrier sets that truly require migration or down-modulation with minimal overhead. By constraining time a priori through the window and then constraining frequency through the slope of the group delay and the rate of change of the impedance spectrum, secondary screening significantly reduces false triggering and resource waste, improving response accuracy and timeliness during interference attacks. Subcarrier risk scores from continuous time slices can be aggregated using time and frequency domain evidence to identify risk segments with clear boundaries, ensuring that subsequent actions are focused on the truly dangerous periods. The full-band fractional matrix output by the model can be read from the concentrator or edge node in half-cycles or full cycles. First, the proportion of high-risk subcarriers, consistency of adjacent frequencies, rising rate of the fractional curve, and duration are calculated for each time slice. This is then synchronized with evidence such as automatic gain control offset and noise baseline rise. Only when the proportion exceeds a preset ratio, the duration reaches a minimum threshold, and there is continuous clustering on adjacent frequencies, with evidence changing in the same direction, is the time slice included in the candidate segment. Subsequently, a hysteresis-based double-threshold method or segment detection algorithm is applied to the candidate segment to determine the rising and falling boundaries. For each determined crisis window, the intensity level, expected duration, and cooling-off period are calculated, suppressing repeated triggering during the cooling-off period. The output is a list of crisis windows with start and end times and intensity levels, along with a statistical summary of the fractions within the window and an overview of evidence. This significantly reduces unnecessary intervention during stable periods, ensuring that subsequent spectrum migration or feedforward constraints are only implemented in the truly needed segments, thereby reducing network-wide disturbances and recovery time. The slope of group delay with frequency can sensitively reflect small changes in dispersion and multipath structure, while the rate of change of impedance spectrum with frequency can sensitively reflect narrowband fluctuations in coupling point matching and load conditions. Together, they characterize physical layer anomalies that can lead to demodulation vulnerability. Within each identified crisis window, the terminal can be instructed to perform fine-grained pilot measurements and brief probe scans while maintaining service continuity. Without changing the existing network modulation configuration, the group delay sequence of each subcarrier is extracted, and the frequency slope is calculated between adjacent frequency points. Simultaneously, the discrete spectrum of coupling point impedance with frequency is obtained through calibrated port test sequences or pilot response inversion, and the rate of change is calculated between adjacent frequency points. To ensure robustness, robust smoothing and extremum removal are applied to these two types of discrete derived indices within the window, and measurement confidence and data missing markers are recorded for each subcarrier. The output consists of two derived indices and their confidence vectors for all subcarriers within the window.Therefore, the model score statistic can be validated and strengthened using directly interpretable physical layer evidence, making subsequent risk screening more closely reflect the actual link's carrying capacity, thereby reducing false screenings caused by statistical fluctuations alone. Considering that high bit error rates are often accompanied by two signs simultaneously: a significant increase or rapid change in dispersion and deterioration in port matching, single indicators may be affected by occasional artifacts, while joint thresholds can improve accuracy while ensuring recall. All subcarriers within the crisis window can be standardized according to two derived indicators, and outliers can be downweighted based on their confidence levels. Then, a joint criterion can be used for screening. For example, both indicators can be required to exceed their respective thresholds simultaneously, or a high-risk condition can be identified when the weighted combination exceeds the threshold and meets the connectivity condition of adjacent frequency points. Subcarriers with only one indicator exceeding the threshold but with high intensity can be classified as second-highest risk for order reduction or power backoff rather than immediate migration. To avoid threshold rigidity, an adaptive fine-tuning strategy driven by window strength level and model score uncertainty is introduced. For high-risk windows, the joint threshold is appropriately lowered to improve recall, while for low-risk windows, the threshold is appropriately raised to suppress false alarms. The output is a set of subcarriers stratified by risk level, along with corresponding handling suggestions and priorities, including three levels: migration candidates, downgrade candidates, and observation candidates. This transforms the approach of uniformly handling all subcarriers within the crisis window into precisely handling only the subset pointed to by physical evidence. This significantly reduces bit errors and end-to-end delay fluctuations within the risk zone, while keeping the scale of spectrum migration and automatic gain control modifications to a minimum necessary range.

[0069] In some examples, the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is configured as a priority transmission channel for event-type messages during the crisis time window, and the high-speed power line carrier communication channel is configured as a transmission channel for periodic and differential components during the crisis time window.

[0070] For example, within a crisis window, power line carrier links are more susceptible to selective desensitization due to control harmonics and combined frequencies in the narrowband frequency domain. Short-term bit errors and retransmissions amplify end-to-end latency. Event-related messages typically possess strong real-time requirements and high value density, thus necessitating migration from the more interference-sensitive carrier links to a physically independent, faster-converging high-speed radio frequency channel. Simultaneously, a large amount of routine data in the distribution area consists of periodic quantities with weak real-time characteristics and available differential coding variations. These are less sensitive to instantaneous latency and have higher tolerance for bandwidth and packet arrival order, making them suitable for carrying on power line carrier links. Periodic packetization and differential transmission reduce retransmission pressure. This division of roles—using radio frequency for events and carrier for periodic and differential transmission—concentrates limited reliability resources on the most critical loads, significantly reducing end-to-end latency and loss probability for critical control and alarms within the crisis window, while suppressing network-wide congestion and unnecessary frequent migrations.

[0071] In some examples, establishing a bypass relay path via a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit critical data during spectrum migration and feedforward gain limitations includes:

[0072] Trigger a low duty cycle probe pulse within the zero-crossing phase window of the power grid to measure multipath stability;

[0073] Based on the measured stability, a bypass relay path is established by selecting the relay pointer and packet transmission time slot to transmit critical data during spectrum migration and feedforward gain limitation.

[0074] Understandably, during the transition period of spectrum migration and feedforward gain limitations, the capacity and stability of power line carrier links temporarily decrease. However, critical small-volume messages such as control confirmations, protection triggers, parameter transmissions, and clock alignments must maintain timely delivery and arrival rates. Therefore, a physically independent high-speed radio frequency bypass is activated within the critical time window. To ensure the bypass remains reliable with minimum power and duty cycle, a low duty cycle probe pulse is first emitted within the zero-crossing phase window of the power grid waveform to measure the multipath stability of the radio channel. Then, based on this stability, the spatial pointing and time slot of the relay are adaptively selected to establish a lightweight bypass relay carrying only critical data. This bypasses the narrowband desensitization of the carrier link while satisfying electromagnetic compatibility and neighbor cell cooperation constraints, resulting in convergence of tail delays for critical messages, increased first-arrival rate, and controllable environmental radiation and energy consumption of the bypass.

[0075] For example, electrical noise and coupling conditions in transformer substations near zero-crossing are more predictable. Selecting this phase window to transmit extremely short pulses or short training sequences allows for obtaining representative instantaneous channel responses without disrupting services. The concentrator issues a window trigger command, and the terminal or candidate relay node transmits a probe pulse with a duty cycle not exceeding a preset threshold within each half-cycle or full-cycle zero-crossing phase window. The pulse can carry a short training sequence and a unique marker. The receiving side extracts the instantaneous delay distribution, main path power, number of paths, and relative power proportion using high sampling rate correlation, aligning it with the previous measurement cycle. It calculates the correlation coefficient between adjacent measurements, the main path delay drift amplitude, whether there is a jump in path power ranking, and changes in power concentration, among other indicators. These indicators are summarized into a multipath stability score, with a confidence label considering factors such as signal-to-noise ratio, frame drops, and clock jitter. The output is a timestamped multipath stability sequence and a snapshot of the measurement for each candidate direction. Therefore, an operable channel availability metric is obtained with minimal air interface overhead, providing a basis for subsequent pointer and time slot selection, while simultaneously meeting the requirement of strictly controlled external radiation duty cycle. Considering that high-stability spatial pointers and time slots can provide higher link consistency and lower retransmission probability, adaptive selection must be performed simultaneously in both spatial and temporal dimensions. In implementation, the stability obtained in the previous step is organized into a scoring matrix based on candidate relay pairs, candidate antenna pointers, and candidate packet transmission time slots. First, combinations that do not comply with electromagnetic compatibility field strength limits or sideband leakage constraints are eliminated. Then, the remaining combinations are weighted and sorted according to stability, historical packet loss records, neighbor cell occupancy indicators, node remaining power, and queue length. The top-scoring candidate schemes are selected, and the primary and backup schemes are simultaneously distributed to relevant nodes with their effective time and hold duration set. During the hold duration, if a rapid drop in stability or an excess of retransmissions is detected in real time, the system seamlessly switches to the next scheme according to the pre-calculated backup order. The output is the currently effective relay path pointer, packet transmission time slot, and hold strategy. It can significantly improve instantaneous availability without increasing transmit power and duty cycle, keeping retransmission counts and queuing latency to a low level, and achieving smooth switching through pre-configured backup. Furthermore, it can solidify the predetermined spatial and temporal configuration into a lightweight bypass, carrying only critical messages and maintaining consistency and idempotency with the main link. During implementation, the concentrator distributes a whitelist of critical data categories to relevant nodes. The bypass link only receives event-type messages and security acknowledgment messages from the whitelist. All messages are accompanied by a globally unique identifier, timestamp, and idempotency level. It employs short load frames and a fast acknowledgment process, setting a single packet deadline and a maximum number of retransmissions. Exceeding the time limit triggers a switch to the backup scheme or a fallback to the main link for retry. To prevent inconsistencies between bypass and main link data, a delivery receipt is generated immediately after successful bypass delivery. The main link performs a reconciliation and cleans up duplicates after stabilizing. Transmit power and duty cycle are rigidly limited and monitored in real time throughout the bypass cycle; any indication of approaching the threshold triggers power reduction or delays low-priority tasks.Once the crisis window is cleared and the main link statistics stabilize, the bypass router's automatic fallback logic exits and outputs the arrival rate, retransmission count, handover count, and energy consumption summary for this session. This significantly reduces the tail latency of critical packets during the transition period, and noticeably improves the first-arrival rate and on-time completion rate. At the same time, the bypass's energy consumption and external radiation remain within the threshold, and the exit is smooth without leaving any duplicates or missed transmissions.

[0076] According to some embodiments, it also includes: when a temporary flexible interconnection occurs in the distribution area or a temporary low-impedance path is caused by cross-distribution area closing, link detection of the high-speed power line carrier communication channel and the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is triggered simultaneously to obtain the characteristic quantity of the group delay on the power line carrier side as a function of frequency and the absolute propagation delay on the wireless radio frequency side; based on the characteristic quantity, clustering identification is performed in the two-dimensional fingerprint space, and samples that meet the temporary bridging characteristics are marked as temporary interconnection states. During the existence of this state, only temporary adjustments to routing and bearers are performed without permanently rewriting the distribution topology ledger, and the system is restored to the normal bearer configuration after the temporary interconnection disappears.

[0077] Understandably, upon detecting abnormal power flow direction or a sudden drop in equivalent impedance in a distribution substation, the system determines that a temporary flexible interconnection or a low-impedance path formed by cross-substation closure may exist. The concentrator then simultaneously sends link probe commands to each acquisition terminal. The terminal side performs narrowband scanning on the high-speed power line carrier communication channel, recording the frequency-dimensional variation characteristics of link transmission delay at several discrete frequency points. A fixed transmit power and stable symbol rate ensure measurement comparability. Simultaneously, a reference probe frame is transmitted on the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel with an extremely low duty cycle. The gateway accurately measures the propagation delay from a specific terminal to the gateway. Edge nodes concatenate the carrier-side delay variation characteristics with the radio frequency-side absolute propagation delay into a two-dimensional feature vector and cluster them within a time sliding window. If clusters of abnormal samples appear within a certain time period, and their pattern is highly similar to the temporary bridging template in the historical sample library, they are marked as temporary interconnections. During this state, the system only makes temporary adjustments to data carrying and routing strategies: including prioritizing the mapping of critical reports on cross-domain paths to radio frequency channels, reducing packet concurrency and redundancy for carrier packets that may traverse temporary low-impedance paths, and using edge buffering for suspected cross-regional data aggregation to reduce the disturbance of topology abrupt changes to the central model. Permanent modifications to the transformer area topology ledger are explicitly prohibited. When the clustering algorithm detects no abnormal samples for several consecutive sliding windows, the system automatically cancels the temporary labeling and restores the normal carrying and packet sending configuration. This method, based on the stability differences in propagation delay under different media and the dispersion and path convergence characteristics caused by temporary interconnections, enables the observability and controllability of short-term topology anomalies. This reduces the risk of mistakenly writing temporary states into long-term ledgers. Applications relying on topology consistency, such as fault location, phase clustering, or load estimation, maintain more stable accuracy during interconnection periods. The latency and packet loss of critical services during interconnection fluctuations are significantly controlled, and the operation and maintenance team can overcome the uncertainties brought about by temporary interconnections without frequent manual intervention.

[0078] According to some embodiments, it also includes: when the fast reclosing of the smart circuit breaker causes a jump in the equivalent impedance of the branch on the order of hundreds of milliseconds, a short-time alignment tolerance interval is set for the continuous sampling records, and the content consistency correction of the event sequence is performed based on the voltage waveform similarity and the change of the zero-sequence component within the tolerance interval, so as to maintain the physical consistency of the order of events without changing the timestamp reference, and the correction result is used as the input for subsequent risk assessment and load scheduling.

[0079] Understandably, when a smart circuit breaker performs rapid reclosing, the equivalent impedance of a branch changes within milliseconds. Traditional event streams, strictly ordered by fixed timestamps, may exhibit short-term inconsistencies where the physical state changes even though the time stamp remains the same. Therefore, this method sets a time alignment tolerance interval of tens to hundreds of milliseconds on the edge side for branches with high reclosing frequency. Within this interval, the time base of the uploaded records is not changed. Instead, content consistency verification fields are added to consecutive records, including interpretable features such as the shape similarity of voltage waveforms, the amplitude of zero-sequence component changes within the same sampling window, and the degree of abrupt changes in the proportion of harmonics in adjacent periods. The edge node then performs content consistency correction on the event sequence based on these features: when a clear causal relationship is found between a record arriving earlier and a later record in terms of physical content, the original timestamp is maintained, but the processing order marker in the event queue is adjusted, and a reclosing impact label is added to the sequence for differentiated processing by the subsequent model and scheduling module. After the corrected event sequence is input into the risk assessment and bearer scheduling module, misjudgments and repetitive mitigation actions such as invalid spectrum migration or incorrect priority preemption caused by short window misordering can be avoided. Thus, the consistency of physical content is used to make up for the uncertainty within the timestamp short window, which significantly reduces the event misordering rate during reclosing, reduces the number of false triggering protection strategies and unnecessary retransmissions, and ensures that critical reporting maintains the correct processing priority under such disturbances, thereby enhancing the overall stability and interpretability of the system.

[0080] According to some embodiments, the method further includes: establishing a retransmission budget and content verification mechanism on the terminal side to address duplicate transmissions caused by link instability during peak electricity consumption periods. Each report generates a verification identifier associated with the content and caches it. The gateway side returns the set of stored verification identifiers in the receipt. After receiving the receipt, the terminal only sends the report items that are missing from the gateway side. When the waiting time exceeds the preset retransmission budget time limit, the method switches to sending summary information and key statistics for the corresponding time window to reduce invalid occupancy and maintain the availability of key state quantities.

[0081] For example, to address the issue of implicit over-retransmission caused by link fluctuations during peak hours, this embodiment generates a verification identifier strongly correlated with the content for each report on the terminal side and sets up a locally limited-depth cache queue. On the gateway side, it maintains a set of recently successfully added verification identifiers and attaches a compact representation of this set, such as a segmented bitmap or hash digest, to the receipt. Upon receiving the receipt, the terminal immediately compares its local cache with the gateway set and only sends out items missing from the gateway to eliminate duplicate reports. To further suppress invalid occupancy, the terminal configures a retransmission budget time limit. When the waiting time for the receipt exceeds this time limit, the terminal no longer retransmits each report repeatedly. Instead, it summarizes key statistics such as extreme values, average values, anomaly counts, and time identifiers of the first and last valid samples within the time window to form a summary information and sends it up. After the link recovers, the details are then retransmitted with low priority. Edge nodes perform consistency checks on the summary and details and trigger secondary requests when necessary to ensure data integrity. Therefore, by replacing blind time-series retransmission with content existence confirmation, and by shifting the retransmission pressure from peak periods to more manageable periods through budget time limits, unreasonable occupancy is significantly reduced, end-side energy consumption is reduced, and the overall latency distribution converges at the tail. At the same time, critical state quantities are not lost due to the fallback provided by the summary channel, the deduplication burden on the gateway and the center is reduced, and the overall service quality is more stable during peak periods.

[0082] According to some embodiments, the method further includes: performing low duty cycle pointing perturbation measurements on the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to suppress specular reflection interference caused by specific rectifiers or dimming devices, calculating the echo stability score and path delay characteristics of each candidate pointing direction, and applying penalty weights to candidate pointing directions with abnormally high stability scores and abnormally short path delays, thereby prioritizing the use of more diverse and non-spectral reflection-dominated propagation paths when selecting relay pointing and beamforming, in order to improve link robustness in complex indoor metallic environments.

[0083] For example, in indoor power distribution scenarios with dense metal structures or specific rectification / dimming devices, RF channels often exhibit pseudo-stable strong paths caused by near-mirror reflection. Conventional beamforming is easily attracted to these directions, leading to sudden disconnections during environmental disturbances. To address this, the system periodically performs minimal-amplitude pointing disturbance measurements on several candidate directions without affecting service operations. It statistically analyzes the echo strength stability and path delay distribution characteristics of each direction. If certain candidate directions simultaneously exhibit abnormally high stability scores and abnormally short path delays, the edge scheduler determines that these directions are likely dominated by mirror reflection. It then applies a penalty weight to these directions in beam selection and relay pointing scores, and prioritizes candidate paths with richer multipath content and more dispersed delay distributions. During actual operation, the system continues to perform lightweight revalidation with a low duty cycle. If environmental changes cause a score reversal, the pointing is adjusted immediately. Therefore, based on the propagation mechanism of strong but fragile specular reflection in the short term, by jointly judging stability and latency, pseudo-stable paths can be actively avoided. In underground spaces or equipment rooms with dense lighting and significant metal reflection, sudden link loss events can be significantly reduced, long-term throughput can be more stable, and the high-resolution latency of critical reporting can be significantly reduced. At the same time, no additional complex hardware is required, and it can be implemented by relying only on software scoring and lightweight detection, resulting in low engineering deployment costs.

[0084] The dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management method in the embodiments of this application has been described above. The dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management system in the embodiments of this application is described below.

[0085] Please see Figure 2 This application describes an embodiment of a dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management system, which may include:

[0086] The acquisition unit 201 is used to acquire the control harmonic characteristic parameters of grid-connected inverter equipment in the distribution area and the physical layer status parameters of the high-speed power line carrier communication channel. The control harmonic characteristic parameters include at least one of switching frequency, combination frequency, amplitude and phase. The physical layer status parameters include automatic gain control operating point, noise baseline and subcarrier bit error rate.

[0087] The identification unit 202 is used to construct a bit error rate risk assessment model based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters on the concentrator side or the edge node side, so as to identify the link risk status that requires feedforward gain limiting and spectrum migration.

[0088] Management unit 203 is used to apply a feedforward gain limiting constraint automatic gain control operating range to the high-speed power line carrier communication channel when the existence of control harmonics causes selective desensitization of the high-speed power line carrier communication front end based on the link risk status, to migrate high-risk subcarriers to low-risk frequency bands, and to establish a bypass relay path through the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit critical data during the spectrum migration and feedforward gain limiting period.

[0089] above Figure 2 The dual-mode-based low-voltage power grid status information management system in this application embodiment has been described from the perspective of modular functional entities. The following section provides a detailed description of the dual-mode-based low-voltage power grid status information management system from the perspective of hardware processing. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 One embodiment of the dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management system 300 in this application includes:

[0090] The system includes an input device 301, an output device 302, a processor 303, and a memory 304, wherein the number of processors 303 can be one or more. Figure 3 Taking a processor 303 as an example. In some embodiments of this application, the input device 301, output device 302, processor 303, and memory 304 can be connected via a bus or other means, wherein... Figure 3 Taking the example of a connection between China and Israel via a bus.

[0091] Specifically, the processor 303 executes the above steps by calling the operation instructions stored in the memory 304.

[0092] By calling the operation instructions stored in memory 304, processor 303 is also used to execute... Figure 1 Any of the methods in the corresponding embodiments.

[0093] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the electronic device provided in this application.

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown, this application provides an electronic device including a memory 304, a processor 303, and a computer program 411 stored in the memory 304 and executable on the processor 303. When the processor 303 executes the computer program 411, it performs the above-mentioned steps.

[0095] In practical implementation, when processor 303 executes computer program 411, it can achieve... Figure 1 Any of the corresponding implementation methods in the embodiments.

[0096] Since the electronic device described in this embodiment is the device used to implement a dual-mode low-voltage power grid status information management system in this application embodiment, those skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation method and various variations of the electronic device in this embodiment based on the method described in this application embodiment. Therefore, how the electronic device implements the method in this application embodiment will not be described in detail here. Any device used by those skilled in the art to implement the method in this application embodiment is within the scope of protection of this application.

[0097] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium provided in this application.

[0098] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium 500 on which a computer program 511 is stored, which implements the above steps when executed by a processor.

[0099] By calling the operation instructions stored in memory 304, processor 303 is also used to execute... Figure 1 Any of the methods in the corresponding embodiments.

[0100] This application provides a computer program product comprising one or more computer instructions. When these computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, they generate, in whole or in part, the processes or functions described in this application. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can store or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state disk (SSD)).

[0101] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for managing information on a state of a low-voltage power grid based on a dual-mode, characterized by, The method comprises: collecting control harmonic characteristic parameters of grid-connected inverter equipment in a high-speed power carrier communication channel collection area and physical layer state parameters of the high-speed power carrier communication channel, the control harmonic characteristic parameters comprising at least one of a switching frequency, a combined frequency, an amplitude and a phase, and the physical layer state parameters comprising an automatic gain control operating point, a noise baseline and a subcarrier bit error rate; constructing a bit error rate risk assessment model based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters at a concentrator side or an edge node side to identify a link risk state requiring feedforward gain limitation and spectrum migration; when it is determined based on the link risk state that control harmonics cause selective desensitization of a high-speed power carrier communication front end, applying feedforward gain limitation to restrict an operating range of automatic gain control of the high-speed power carrier communication channel, migrating high-risk subcarriers to a low-risk frequency band, and establishing a bypass relay path through a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit key data during spectrum migration and feedforward gain limitation.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of constructing a bit error rate risk assessment model based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters at a concentrator side or an edge node side to identify a link risk state requiring feedforward gain limitation and spectrum migration comprises: constructing a bit error rate risk assessment model based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters at a concentrator side or an edge node side; generating a crisis time window for the high-speed power carrier communication channel based on the bit error rate risk assessment model to demarcate a high-risk subcarrier set; identifying a link risk state requiring feedforward gain limitation and spectrum migration in combination of the crisis time window and the high-risk subcarrier set.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of constructing a bit error rate risk assessment model based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters comprises: performing time series smoothing processing on the control harmonic characteristic parameters; fitting an empirical surface model based on the physical layer state parameters and the processed control harmonic characteristic parameters through spline regression or Gaussian process regression, and taking the empirical surface model as the bit error rate risk assessment model.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The method of generating a crisis time window for the high-speed power carrier communication channel based on the bit error rate risk assessment model to demarcate a high-risk subcarrier set comprises: generating a crisis time window for the high-speed power carrier communication channel based on the bit error rate risk assessment model; obtaining a slope of group delay to frequency and an impedance spectrum change rate of each subcarrier based on physical layer measurement; taking a joint threshold of the slope of group delay to frequency and the impedance spectrum change rate as a subcarrier risk screening basis to preferentially demarcate the high-risk subcarrier set in the crisis time window.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein, The high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is configured as a preferential transmission channel for event-type messages in the crisis time window, and the high-speed power carrier communication channel is configured as a transmission channel for periodic and differential quantities in the crisis time window.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of establishing a bypass relay path through a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit key data during spectrum migration and feedforward gain limitation comprises: Triggering a low duty cycle probe pulse within a grid zero-crossing phase window to measure multipath stability; Selecting a relay direction and a packet transmission time slot to establish a bypass relay path for transmitting critical data during spectrum migration and feed-forward gain limitation based on the measured stability.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: In a case where it is determined based on the link risk state that control harmonics exist to cause selective desensitization of the high-speed power carrier communication front end, dynamically adjusting transmission parameters under electromagnetic compatibility constraints, the electromagnetic compatibility constraints at least including a field strength limit threshold and a sideband leakage threshold; When monitoring that the sideband leakage exceeds the electromagnetic compatibility constraints, automatically performing transmission parameter back-off control to reduce electromagnetic radiation levels and restore them to a compliant range, the transmission parameter back-off control including at least one of reducing transmission power density, reducing the number of subcarriers participating in transmission, reducing transmission duty cycle, and reducing concurrent packet transmission rate; Generating and storing event records while the transmission parameter back-off control is being executed.

8. A dual-mode based low voltage grid state information management system, characterized in that, Comprise: The acquisition unit is used for acquiring control harmonic characteristic parameters of grid-connected inverter equipment in the high-speed power carrier communication channel and physical layer state parameters of the high-speed power carrier communication channel, the control harmonic characteristic parameters including at least one of switching frequency, combined frequency, amplitude and phase, and the physical layer state parameters including automatic gain control operating point, noise baseline and subcarrier bit error rate; The identification unit is used for constructing a bit error rate risk assessment model based on the control harmonic characteristic parameters and the physical layer state parameters on the concentrator side or the edge node side to identify a link risk state that needs to perform feed-forward gain limitation and spectrum migration; The management unit is used for, in a case where it is determined based on the link risk state that control harmonics exist to cause selective desensitization of the high-speed power carrier communication front end, imposing a feed-forward gain limitation constraint on the automatic gain control operating range of the high-speed power carrier communication channel, migrating high-risk subcarriers to a low-risk frequency band, and establishing a bypass relay path through a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to transmit critical data during spectrum migration and feed-forward gain limitation.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory connected to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to invoke program instructions in the memory and execute the dual-mode-based low-voltage power grid state information management method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized by The storage medium comprises a stored program, wherein the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the dual-mode-based low-voltage power grid state information management method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when the program is running.

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