Tea orchard green manure annual covering grass control quality improvement and efficiency improvement method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation and soil management, in particular to a tea orchard green manure annual covering, grass controlling, quality improving and efficiency improving method which comprises the steps that winter green manure combination is sown between rows of tea fruit trees in advance in autumn, the winter green manure is composed of smooth vetch, ryegrass and a compound microbial agent according to the mass ratio of 7: 3: 0.5, and the sowing rate is 5-10 kg / mu; in the first ten days of April of the next year, cutting and pressing green leaves, reserving stubbles of 20-25cm and the length of crushed materials of less than or equal to 5cm, and spraying a lignin degrading enzyme solution; a summer green manure combination is sown after green pressing, the combination is composed of cassia plants, magnolia sieboldii and a nano carbon-based fertilizer according to the mass ratio of 6: 4: 0.3, and the sowing rate is 8-10 kg / mu; and spraying biostimulant every month in the green manure growth period in summer. The method realizes annual coverage of green manure in the tea orchard, effective weed control, soil improvement, fruit tea quality improvement and weeding cost saving, is suitable for the tea orchard in high-temperature and rainy weather in the south, and has good ecological and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cultivation and soil management technology, specifically a method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] Southern tea and fruit orchards face severe challenges in weed control and sustainable soil management under hot and rainy climate conditions. Traditional planting methods rely heavily on chemical herbicides, which, with long-term use, leads to soil structure damage, microbial community imbalance, and excessive pesticide residues in fruits. Single-sole green manure mulching technology has significant limitations, such as insufficient coverage after winter green manure withers in summer, high weed regeneration rates, and difficulty in achieving year-round weed control. Existing compound mulching technologies require the purchase of straw, which not only increases production costs but also presents problems such as slow straw decomposition and susceptibility to pests and diseases.

[0003] From a technical perspective, existing methods have failed to effectively address the core contradiction between year-round continuous green manure coverage and low-cost weed suppression and fertilizer synergy in the hot and rainy southern regions. For example, the variety combinations of winter and summer green manure lack complementary stress tolerance and functional synergy, making it difficult to adapt to extreme climatic conditions; the spatiotemporal configuration of green manure coverage lacks precise design, resulting in incomplete weed suppression layer construction and low light competition inhibition efficiency; simultaneously, the treatment methods for green manure straw are limited, failing to fully activate soil microbial activity and nutrient release efficiency. Furthermore, existing technologies largely rely on external material inputs, resulting in insufficient utilization of local green manure resources, and lack in-depth regulation of the soil-green manure-crop interaction mechanism, making it difficult to achieve the combined goals of weed control, soil improvement, and yield increase.

[0004] Existing patented technologies, such as single-variety winter green manure combinations or straw mulching methods, have not formed a systematic solution for year-round coverage, and there are significant technological gaps in terms of variety synergy, spatiotemporal management, and cost control. Southern tea and fruit orchards urgently need an innovative method based on complementary varietal stress tolerance, functional synergistic design, and precise control of key parameters to overcome the technical bottleneck of year-round mulching and achieve a balance between ecological and economic benefits. This invention constructs a year-round green manure mulching system suitable for the climatic characteristics of southern China through the spatiotemporal optimization of multiple green manure varieties, microbial-material coupling technology, and intelligent management methods, providing a new path for the sustainable development of tea and fruit orchards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] A method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency includes the following steps:

[0009] S1: Construction of stress-resistant green manure combination

[0010] In autumn, a winter green manure compound system is sown between the rows of tea and fruit trees. The system consists of vetch, ryegrass, and nano zinc fertilizer in a mass ratio of 7:3:0.2, with a sowing rate of 5-10 kg / mu. After sowing, cover with 500 kg / mu of biochar-based fertilizer.

[0011] S2: Intelligent pressing and enzymatic decomposition

[0012] In early April of the following year, the intelligent harvesting system was activated, with a stubble height of 22-25cm and a crushed material length of ≤4cm. Simultaneously, a compound enzyme preparation was sprayed at a rate of 60L / mu, combined with ultrasonic soil treatment to accelerate straw decomposition. The compound enzyme preparation included 2000U / g of cellulase, 1500U / g of xylanase, and 800U / g of laccase.

[0013] S3: Construction of a three-dimensional weed suppression layer

[0014] After green manure compaction, broadcast a gradient combination of summer green manure: upper layer of Cassia species, lower layer of Magnolia simonii, with a sowing ratio of 6:4 and a sowing rate of 9 kg / mu, to form a vertical light-suppressing zone.

[0015] S4: Allelopathic Weed Control

[0016] The allelochemical compound is sprayed monthly by drone between 20:00 and 22:00 at night, when the ambient humidity is 80%-90%. The allelochemical compound includes 0.3% coumarin, 0.2% ferulic acid, and 0.1% methyl jasmonate.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes microbial-nanomaterial coupling technology: modified montmorillonite loaded with microbial agent is simultaneously applied during S1 sowing at a rate of 20 kg / mu, wherein the modified montmorillonite loaded with microbial agent contains ≥5 × 10⁻⁶ Bacillus subtilis. 9 CFU / g, and the interlayer spacing of montmorillonite ≥2nm.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes spectral regulation weed control technology: LED spectral lamps are installed in the canopy of tea and fruit trees and irradiated for 4 hours a day.

[0019] Preferably, the S2 intelligent cutting system is equipped with a visual recognition module, which identifies the maturity of green manure based on a deep learning algorithm, with a cutting accuracy of ±1cm.

[0020] Preferably, the synergistic effect index of cellulase and xylanase in the compound enzyme preparation is ≥1.2.

[0021] Preferably, the Cassia species in the summer green manure combination is Cassia pinnata, whose root secretion contains ≥50μg / g dry weight of cassiain, which has broad-spectrum herbicidal activity.

[0022] Preferably, the allelochemical is prepared using microencapsulation sustained-release technology, with a sustained-release period of 20-30 days.

[0023] Preferably, the biochar-based fertilizer is prepared by oxygen-limited pyrolysis at 500℃ and has a specific surface area ≥800m². 2 / g.

[0024] Preferably, an Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring system is used throughout the year to collect soil temperature and conductivity data in real time, and to link with the integrated water and fertilizer machine to achieve precise control.

[0025] Preferred results show that after two consecutive years of implementation, soil urease activity increased by 35%, microbial diversity index increased by 0.8, and vitamin C content in fruits increased by 20%; tea polyphenol content increased by 15%, free amino acid content increased by 10%, and caffeine content decreased by 5%.

[0026] (III) Beneficial Technical Effects

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] 1. By rotating winter and summer green manure crops, combined with plant height gradient design and allelopathic substance regulation, a three-dimensional weed-suppressing layer is formed. In winter, ryegrass roots secrete coumarin to inhibit weed germination, while in summer, densely planted creeping magnolias block sunlight, resulting in significant weed suppression throughout the year, reducing reliance on traditional chemical weeding and lowering the risks associated with pesticide use.

[0029] 2. The rational configuration of green manure combinations and the management of green manure compaction effectively improved soil fertility. Green manure has a strong nitrogen-fixing capacity in winter, while its deep-root characteristics promote soil nutrient cycling in summer. Combined with microbial agents and straw decomposition technology, it accelerates the decomposition of organic matter and enhances soil activity. Continuous implementation of this method improved soil structure and increased microbial diversity, creating a favorable rhizosphere environment for tea and fruit tree growth.

[0030] 3. This method reduces weeding costs and fertilizer inputs, and achieves nutrient recycling through green manure return to the field, thus lowering planting costs. Simultaneously, the improved soil environment promotes the growth of tea and fruit trees, enhancing the quality of the fruit and tea, with significant increases in indicators such as soluble solids; the tea polyphenol content is increased, the free amino acid ratio is optimized, the variety of aroma substances increases, and sensory quality scores are improved, enhancing the market competitiveness of agricultural products.

[0031] 4. Application verification across different regions and crop types demonstrates that this method is applicable to various tea and fruit orchard scenarios in southern China, exhibiting broad adaptability. The year-round mulching model enables the localized recycling of green manure resources, reducing external inputs and aligning with the requirements of sustainable agricultural development. The application of intelligent monitoring and precision management technologies further enhances planting efficiency and management sophistication, providing reliable technical support for the ecological and intelligent transformation of tea and fruit orchards in southern China. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency, as disclosed in this invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a line graph comparing weed coverage and soil organic matter in the examples and comparative examples;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of fruit soluble solids and weeding costs between the examples and comparative examples;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a radar comparison chart created by standardizing the dimensions of key performance data from the examples and comparative examples. Detailed Implementation

[0036] according to Figures 1 to 4 The specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] Example 1: Refined Application of the Entire Process in Wuyishan Tea Gardens, Fujian

[0038] 1. Site pretreatment and microbial barrier construction

[0039] Date: October 5th

[0040] Rotary tillage to a depth of 15cm was carried out between the rows of tea gardens using a disc harrow to remove soil clods larger than 5cm in diameter and weed roots. After leveling, furrows were dug with a row spacing of 1.5m, a depth of 20cm, and a width of 30cm. 200kg of commercial organic fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=4-3-2, organic matter content 48%) was evenly spread per acre, along with 20kg of modified montmorillonite-loaded microbial agent (Bacillus subtilis ≥5×10⁻⁶). 9 CFU / g (montmorillonite interlayer spacing 2.1nm), by shallow tillage (depth 8cm) to mix with the topsoil, a rhizosphere beneficial microbial barrier is constructed.

[0041] 2. Winter green manure stress-resistant combination sowing

[0042] Date: October 15th

[0043] Vigna glabra seeds (germination rate ≥90%) and ryegrass seeds (thousand-grain weight 2.5g) were mixed at a mass ratio of 7:3 and coated with 0.2% nano zinc fertilizer (particle size 40nm, zinc content 18%) to enhance stress resistance.

[0044] Sowing was carried out using a precision row seeder with a row spacing of 35cm, a sowing depth of 1.5-2cm, and a sowing rate of 13kg / mu (9.1kg / mu for vetch and 3.9kg / mu for ryegrass). After sowing, the seedbed was covered with 3cm of wood chips (particle size ≤2mm) to retain moisture and suppress the germination of weeds in the early stages.

[0045] 3. Intelligent pressing and enzymatic decomposition work in synergy

[0046] Date: April 8th of the following year (flowering rate of *Vigna glabra* > 80%, ryegrass plant height 60cm)

[0047] The intelligent harvester is equipped with a vision recognition camera. By analyzing the distribution of green manure biomass through images, it automatically adjusts the cutting height to 23cm and the shredder blade speed to 3000rpm, ensuring that the length of the shredded material is ≤4cm and evenly spread between rows.

[0048] Simultaneously spray a compound enzyme preparation (cellulase 2500U / g, xylanase 1800U / g, laccase 1000U / g), diluted at a ratio of 1:500, with a dosage of 70L per acre. Immediately after spraying, perform ultrasonic soil treatment (frequency 25kHz, lasting 15 minutes) to promote the degradation rate of cellulose in straw to 75%.

[0049] 4. Construction of a three-dimensional weed-suppressing layer gradient in summer

[0050] Date: April 20th

[0051] Upper layer: Cassia tora (plant height 80-120cm, deep-rooted variety) 5.4kg / mu, seeds soaked in 30℃ warm water for 2 hours to germinate;

[0052] Lower layer: 3.6 kg / mu of creeping magnolia (stolouren length ≥ 50 cm) mixed with 0.3 kg / mu of nano-carbon-based fertilizer (particle size 20 nm, carbon content 65%) and broadcast sown.

[0053] The area is divided into zones according to the pattern of "weed suppression zone (1m) + fertilizer zone (2m)". The weed suppression zone is planted with ground cover magnolia, and the fertilizer zone is mainly planted with cassia seed. The zone boundaries are marked by GPS positioning to ensure accurate bandwidth ratio.

[0054] 5. Slow-release allelochemicals for herbicide control and spectral intervention

[0055] On the night of the 15th of each month (humidity 85%, temperature 22℃), use an agricultural drone to spray microcapsule allelochemicals (coumarin 0.3% + ferulic acid 0.2%, slow release period 30 days), with a dosage of 1.5L per acre, the weed seed germination inhibition rate reaches 95%.

[0056] Install blue LED light strips (wavelength 450nm, photon flux density 300μmol / m²) 2m above the tea tree canopy. 2 Irradiation for 2 hours daily from 9:00 to 11:00 reduced the chlorophyll a content of weeds by 68% and inhibited plant height by 55%.

[0057] 6. Precision Management and Effect Detection of the Internet of Things

[0058] A soil moisture sensor (accuracy ±2%) monitors in real time and starts drip irrigation when the moisture content is less than 60%, with a single irrigation of 5L / plant; a light intensity sensor (accuracy ±100Lux) monitors and automatically adjusts the power of the light strip when the light intensity is less than 2000Lux.

[0059] II. Example 2: Optimization of High Temperature and Humidity Resistance in Citrus Orchards in Zhaoqing, Guangdong

[0060] 1. Site pretreatment and microbial barrier construction

[0061] Date: October 5th

[0062] Operational details: Use a disc harrow to rotary till the citrus orchard between rows to a depth of 15cm, removing clods larger than 5cm in diameter and weed roots. After leveling, dig furrows 25cm deep and 35cm wide, spaced 2m apart. Evenly apply 220kg of commercial organic fertilizer per acre (N-P2O5-K2O=5-4-3, organic matter content 50%), simultaneously mixing in 22kg of modified montmorillonite-loaded microbial agent (Bacillus subtilis ≥5×10⁻⁶). 9 CFU / g (montmorillonite interlayer spacing 2.1nm), by shallow tillage (depth 8cm) to mix with the topsoil, a rhizosphere beneficial microbial barrier is constructed.

[0063] 2. Selection and sowing of moisture-tolerant varieties for winter green manure

[0064] Date: October 15th

[0065] Variety adjustment: Sclerophyllous vetch was replaced with the moisture-resistant variety "Fu Tiao No. 1", and the heat-resistant ryegrass variety "Te Gao" was selected and mixed at a mass ratio of 6:4.

[0066] Seed treatment: Mix “Futiao No. 1” and “Tegao” ryegrass seeds and coat them with 0.25% nano zinc fertilizer (particle size 40nm, zinc content 18%) to enhance stress resistance.

[0067] Innovative sowing method: The "ridge sowing" model is adopted, with a ridge height of 15cm and a ridge spacing of 1.2m. Seeds are mixed with well-rotted sheep manure (particle size ≤3mm) at a ratio of 1:5 and broadcast. Shading net is used for covering (shading rate of 30%). The sowing rate is 14kg / mu (8.4kg / mu for "Fushao No. 1" and 5.6kg / mu for "Tegao" ryegrass), which improves the germination rate to 92% during the rainy season.

[0068] 3. Soil disinfection after greening and variety adaptation for summer

[0069] Time: April 10th of the following year ("Fushao No. 1" flowering rate > 80%, "Tegao" ryegrass plant height 65cm)

[0070] Innovative Green Manure Application: Immediately after harvesting, apply 50 kg / mu of quicklime and till it into the soil to a depth of 20 cm to adjust the soil pH to 6.0-6.5 and inhibit citrus root rot pathogens. The intelligent harvester is equipped with a visual recognition camera that analyzes the distribution of green manure biomass through images, automatically adjusting the cutting height to 25 cm and the shredder blade speed to 3000 rpm to ensure that the shredded material is ≤4 cm in length and evenly spread between rows.

[0071] Summer Mixture: Use the drought- and heat-resistant, upright cassia variety "Feathered Cassia" and mix it with Bahia grass at a 5:5 mass ratio, with a sowing rate of 10 kg / mu. "Feathered Cassia" seeds are soaked in 35℃ warm water for 2.5 hours to promote germination. Bahia grass seeds are mixed with 0.35 kg / mu of nano-carbon-based fertilizer (particle size 20 nm, carbon content 65%) and broadcast. "Feathered Cassia" has deep roots (≥80 cm) penetrating the clay layer, while Bahia grass has dense creeping stems (90% coverage). The area is divided into zones according to a "weed-suppressing zone (1.2 m) + fertilizer-enhancing zone (2.2 m)" pattern, with zone boundaries marked using GPS positioning.

[0072] 4. Integrated water and fertilizer management and flood control management

[0073] Irrigation system: Install underground drip irrigation pipes (1m spacing) at a depth of 30cm. The system automatically starts and stops based on the soil EC value (threshold 1.2mS / cm). During the rainy season, the drainage mode is activated to reduce the risk of water accumulation in the root zone.

[0074] Biostimulant upgrade: Spray a compound solution of "chitosan + alginic acid + humic acid" (concentration 1.5%) every month to enhance the stress resistance of citrus and improve the uniformity of autumn shoot emergence by 40%.

[0075] Allelopathic compound spraying: On the night of the 15th of each month (humidity 88%, temperature 25℃), use an agricultural drone to spray microcapsule allelopathic agents (coumarin 0.35% + ferulic acid 0.25%, slow release period 30 days), with a dosage of 1.8L per acre, the weed seed germination inhibition rate reaches 95%.

[0076] LED spectral modulation: Install blue LED light strips (wavelength 450nm, photon flux density 320μmol / m²) 2.2m above the citrus tree canopy. 2 Irradiation for 2 hours daily from 9:30 to 11:30 reduced the chlorophyll a content of weeds by 68% and inhibited plant height by 55%.

[0077] 5. Precision Management and Effect Detection of the Internet of Things

[0078] Monitoring parameters: Soil moisture sensor (accuracy ±2%) monitors in real time, and starts drip irrigation when it is <65%, with a single irrigation of 8L / plant; Soil EC value sensor (accuracy ±0.1mS / cm) monitors, and starts flushing with clean water when it is >1.2mS / cm; Light intensity sensor (accuracy ±100Lux) monitors, and automatically adjusts the power of the light strip when it is <2200Lux.

[0079] III. Example 3: Low-cost adaptation model for low-altitude tea gardens in Yunnan

[0080] 1. Site pretreatment and microbial barrier construction

[0081] Date: October 5th

[0082] Operational details: Use a disc harrow to rotary till the tea garden between rows to a depth of 15cm, removing clods of soil larger than 5cm in diameter and weed roots. After leveling, dig furrows 1.3m apart, 18cm deep and 28cm wide. Evenly spread 180kg of commercial organic fertilizer per acre (N-P2O5-K2O=3-2-1, organic matter content 45%), and simultaneously mix in 18kg of modified montmorillonite-loaded microbial agent (Bacillus subtilis ≥5×10⁻⁶). 9 CFU / g (montmorillonite interlayer spacing 2.1nm), by shallow tillage (depth 8cm) to mix with the topsoil, a rhizosphere beneficial microbial barrier is constructed.

[0083] 2. Localization of resource substitution and simplification of processes

[0084] Time: October 15th (sowing), April 6th of the following year (green pressing).

[0085] Seed treatment: Sclerotium glabra was replaced with local wild vetch (collected free of charge), and leftover seeds from the pasture were used for ryegrass (germination rate 85%). The mixing ratio was 7:3, and the sowing rate was 12 kg / mu, reducing seed costs by 60%. After the mixed seeds were simply dried, they were coated with 0.15% nano zinc fertilizer (particle size 40nm, zinc content 18%).

[0086] Sowing parameters: Manual broadcasting, row spacing 32cm, sowing depth 1.2-1.8cm, and cover with 2.5cm thick sawdust (particle size ≤2mm) after sowing.

[0087] Simplified green composting: Manually cut the stubble to 25cm, crush the material to a length of ≤5cm, do not use enzyme preparations, rely solely on natural decomposition (cycle 25 days), and apply 1kg / acre of brown sugar (to promote microbial reproduction).

[0088] 3. Optimization of no-till green manure sowing and mulching in summer

[0089] Date: April 18

[0090] Sowing method: No-till broadcasting is adopted, directly broadcasting cassia seeds (4.8 kg / mu) + magnolia simonii (3.2 kg / mu) on the winter green manure residue after green manure pressing. The residue retains water, and the germination rate reaches 80%. Cassia seeds are soaked in 28℃ warm water for 1.5 hours to promote germination. Magnolia simonii seeds are mixed with 0.25 kg / mu of nano-carbon-based fertilizer (particle size 20nm, carbon content 65%) and broadcast.

[0091] Covering material: During the summer green manure seedling stage, use corn stalks (crushed to 10cm) at a rate of 1000kg per mu (approximately 667 square meters), replacing commercial mulch and reducing costs by 200 yuan per mu. Divide the area into zones according to the pattern of "weed suppression zone (0.8m) + fertilizer effect zone (1.8m)," and manually mark the zone boundaries.

[0092] 4. Combining manual weed control with traditional monitoring

[0093] Weeding assistance: Manual removal of scattered weeds per month (2 hours / acre), replacing mechanized operations, suitable for small-scale tea gardens.

[0094] Allelopathic compound spraying: On the night of the 15th of each month (humidity 82%, temperature 20℃), manually spray microcapsule allelopathic agent (coumarin 0.25% + ferulic acid 0.15%, slow release period 30 days), at a dosage of 1.2L per acre, the germination inhibition rate of weed seeds reaches 90%.

[0095] Spectral intervention: A simple blue LED light strip (wavelength 450nm, photon flux density 280μmol / m²) was installed 1.8m above the tea tree canopy. 2 •s), manually turn on the irradiation for 2 hours daily from 9:00 to 11:00.

[0096] Soil monitoring: Every 15 days, soil moisture (can be formed into a ball by hand without crumbling) and pH value (pH test paper) are measured manually, and management measures are adjusted accordingly.

[0097] IV. Comparative Example: Traditional Chemical Weed Control + Natural Grass Growth Model

[0098] Weeding operations: Apply glyphosate (30% aqueous solution, 200g / mu) monthly from March to October, and add manual weeding once in June. The annual labor cost is 200 yuan / mu, and the pesticide cost is 150 yuan / mu.

[0099] Soil management: No green manure is planted, only chemical fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=15-15-15, application rate 50kg / mu) is applied annually, the soil is severely compacted, and the aeration porosity is <10%.

[0100] The key performance comparisons between the embodiments and comparative examples are shown in the table below:

[0101] Table 1

[0102] Testing items Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example Weed coverage (%) 8.5 7.2 9.0 35.0 Soil organic matter (%) 2.6 2.5 2.7 1.8 Fruit soluble solids (%) 14.5 13.8 14.2 12.0 Weed control cost (yuan / mu) 150 180 120 300 Tea polyphenol content (%) 22.5 21.8 22.0 19.0 Free amino acid content in tea leaves (%) 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.5

[0103] In Examples 1-3, weed cover was less than 10%, soil organic matter increased by 28%-50% compared to the control group, and fruit and tea quality and weeding costs were significantly optimized, demonstrating the comprehensive advantages of year-round cover. The comparison of soil microbial diversity and enzyme activity is shown in the table below:

[0104] Table 2

[0105] Testing items Example 1 Comparative Example Bacteria / Fungus Ratio 1.8:1 1.2:1 Urease activity (mg / g·24h) 25 18 Microbial biodiversity index 3.2 2.4

[0106] As can be seen from the test results above, the sunscreen compositions of Examples 1-3 are significantly superior to the comparative examples in terms of sun protection factor, PA value, skin irritation, texture uniformity and moisturizing time, which fully demonstrates the advantages of the present invention.

[0107] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: Construction of stress-resistant green manure combination In autumn, a winter green manure compound system is sown between the rows of tea and fruit trees. The system consists of vetch, ryegrass, and nano zinc fertilizer in a mass ratio of 7:3:0.2, with a sowing rate of 5-10 kg / mu. After sowing, cover with 500 kg / mu of biochar-based fertilizer. S2: Intelligent pressing and enzymatic decomposition In early April of the following year, the intelligent harvesting system was activated, with a stubble height of 22-25cm and a crushed material length of ≤4cm. Simultaneously, a compound enzyme preparation was sprayed at a rate of 60L / mu, combined with ultrasonic soil treatment to accelerate straw decomposition. The compound enzyme preparation included 2000U / g of cellulase, 1500U / g of xylanase, and 800U / g of laccase. S3: Construction of a three-dimensional weed suppression layer After green manure compaction, broadcast a gradient combination of summer green manure: upper layer of Cassia species, lower layer of Magnolia simonii, with a sowing ratio of 6:4 and a sowing rate of 9 kg / mu, to form a vertical light-suppressing zone. S4: Allelopathic Weed Control The allelochemical compound is sprayed monthly by drone between 20:00 and 22:00 at night, when the ambient humidity is 80%-90%. The allelochemical compound includes 0.3% coumarin, 0.2% ferulic acid, and 0.1% methyl jasmonate.

2. The method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes microbial-nanomaterial coupling technology: Modified montmorillonite loaded with microbial agents is simultaneously applied during S1 sowing at a rate of 20 kg / mu, wherein the modified montmorillonite loaded with microbial agents contains ≥5 × 10⁻⁶ Bacillus subtilis. 9 CFU / g, and the interlayer spacing of montmorillonite ≥2nm.

3. The method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes spectral regulation weed control technology: LED spectral lamps are installed in the canopy of tea and fruit trees and irradiated for 4 hours a day.

4. The method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S2 intelligent cutting system is equipped with a visual recognition module, which uses deep learning algorithms to identify the maturity of green manure, with a cutting accuracy of ±1cm.

5. The method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synergistic effect index of cellulase and xylanase in the compound enzyme preparation is ≥1.

2.

6. The method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Cassia species in the summer green manure combination is Cassia pinnata, whose root system secretes cassiatoside with a content ≥50μg / g dry weight, and has broad-spectrum herbicidal activity.

7. The method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, The allelochemical compound is prepared using microencapsulation sustained-release technology, with a sustained-release period of 20-30 days.

8. The method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biochar-based fertilizer is prepared by oxygen-limited pyrolysis at 500℃, and has a specific surface area ≥800m². 2 / g.

9. The method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, Throughout the year-round management, an Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring system is used to collect soil temperature and conductivity data in real time, and to link with the integrated water and fertilizer machine to achieve precise control.

10. The method for year-round green manure mulching in tea and fruit orchards to control weeds, improve quality, and enhance efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, After two consecutive years of implementation, soil urease activity increased by 35%, microbial diversity index increased by 0.8, and vitamin C content in fruits increased by 20%; tea polyphenol content increased by 15%, free amino acid content increased by 10%, and caffeine content decreased by 5%.

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