Multi-station switching platform for seven-axis machining of automobile aluminum alloy shell

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-station switching platform for machining an automobile aluminum alloy shell through a seven-axis machine, and relates to the technical field of automobile part machining equipment.The multi-station switching platform comprises a long base, a workbench is arranged on one side of the long base, a control system is installed at the upper end of a frame of the long base, and a cross beam is installed in the workbench; a rotating disc is arranged above the workbench, a variable speed motor is installed at the upper end of the cross beam, and four sets of supporting frames are installed on the inner wall of the cross beam. According to the invention, the equipment adopts a six-station turntable design, parallel operation of workpiece clamping, machining, detecting and unloading can be realized, when a group of workpieces are machined below a machining mechanism, an operator can clamp and unload the workpieces at other stations, the waiting time of the equipment is shortened, and the utilization rate of the equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts processing equipment technology, specifically a 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings. Background Technology

[0002] As the automotive industry moves towards lightweight and high-performance designs, the application of aluminum alloy housings (such as gearbox housings and motor housings) is becoming increasingly widespread. These housings have complex structures, typically containing multiple complex curved surfaces, deep holes, and high-precision assembly surfaces, placing extremely high demands on the precision and efficiency of processing equipment.

[0003] Existing technologies still face several technical bottlenecks, making it difficult to meet the demands of mass production and high-precision machining. Current aluminum alloy shell machining relies heavily on 5-axis machining centers with single / double-station fixtures. Due to limitations in motion freedom, complex multi-directional processes (such as oblique holes and irregular curved surfaces) of the shell cannot be completed in one go. Multiple clamping and adjustments are required. During each clamping process, deviations between the fixture positioning datum and the workpiece datum are unavoidable, leading to the accumulation of positioning errors and failing to meet the machining requirements of high-precision shells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a 7-axis machining platform for multi-station switching of automotive aluminum alloy housings, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a 7-axis machining platform for multi-station switching of automotive aluminum alloy shells, comprising a long seat, a worktable disposed on one side of the long seat, a control system mounted on the upper end of the frame of the long seat, a cross beam mounted inside the worktable, a turntable disposed above the worktable, a variable speed motor mounted on the upper end of the cross beam, four sets of support frames mounted on the inner wall of the cross beam, an angle sensor mounted on the upper end of the turntable, a circular groove opened at the upper end of the worktable, multiple sets of rotating columns slidably mounted inside the circular groove, a rotating wheel rotatably mounted on one end of each of the four sets of support frames, and a connecting plate mounted on the lower end of the turntable.

[0006] Preferably, a Y-axis moving mechanism is installed at the upper end of the long seat, an X-axis moving mechanism is installed at the movable end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, and a Z-axis moving mechanism is installed at the movable end of the X-axis moving mechanism. The Y-axis moving mechanism, X-axis moving mechanism, and Z-axis moving mechanism are all connected to the control system signal.

[0007] Preferably, the upper ends of the multiple sets of rotating columns are all fixed to the lower end of the turntable, the lower part of the connecting plate is rotatably installed inside the worktable, the lower end of the connecting plate is fixed to the output end of the variable speed motor, the outer walls of the four sets of rotating wheels are all in contact with the lower end of the connecting plate, and the angle sensor and the variable speed motor are all connected to the control system signal.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the turntable is equipped with six sets of support seats, each of the six sets of support seats has a concave seat installed on its upper end, and each of the six sets of concave seats has a placement plate above it.

[0009] Preferably, each set of support bases has a stepper motor installed at its internal top. The output ends of the six sets of stepper motors pass through the upper ends of the six sets of support bases and are fixed to the lower ends of the six sets of concave seats respectively. All six sets of stepper motors are connected to the control system signal.

[0010] Preferably, a servo motor is installed on one protruding end of each of the six sets of concave seats, and a rotating rod is rotatably installed on both ends of each of the six sets of concave seats. A large gear is installed on the outer wall of one set of rotating rods, and a small gear is installed on the output end of the first servo motor. A toothed belt is connected to the outer walls of the large gear and the small gear. A connecting shaft seat is installed on the outer wall of each set of rotating rods, and a base plate is installed at the lower end of every two sets of connecting shaft seats. The first servo motors of all six sets are connected to the control system signal.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing plate is installed at the other end of each of the six sets of concave seats. A second servo motor is installed through the upper end of each of the six sets of fixing plates. A semi-circular hole is opened through the other end of each of the six sets of concave seats. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed through the lower end of each of the six sets of base plates. A second large gear is installed on the outer wall of each of the six sets of rotating shafts. A second toothed belt is sleeved on the outer wall of each of the six sets of second large gears. A second small gear is installed at the output end of each of the six sets of second servo motors. A portion of the second toothed belt passes through the interior of each of the six sets of semi-circular holes and is connected to the outer wall of each of the six sets of second small gears for transmission. Each of the six sets of second servo motors is connected to the control system signal.

[0012] Preferably, each of the six sets of rotating shafts has a support block installed at its upper end, each of the six sets of placement plates has two sets of baffles installed at its upper end, and each of the six sets of placement plates has a side plate installed at its upper end and near the two side edges. A telescopic rod is installed through one end of each set of side plates, a clamping plate is installed at the extended end of each set of telescopic rods, and two sets of guide rods are slidably installed through one end of each set of side plates.

[0013] Preferably, the lower ends of the six sets of placement plates are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the six sets of support blocks, one end of every two sets of guide rods is fixed to one end of a set of clamping plates, and multiple sets of telescopic rods are connected to the control system signal.

[0014] Preferably, a machining mechanism is mounted on the movable end of the Z-axis moving mechanism, and the machining mechanism is signal-connected to the control system.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, the equipment adopts a six-station turntable design, which can realize parallel operation of workpiece clamping, processing, inspection and unloading. When a group of workpieces is being processed below the processing mechanism, the operator can clamp and unload the workpieces at other stations, reducing equipment waiting time and improving equipment utilization.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the clamping components of the equipment adopt an adjustable design. Through the cooperation of the telescopic rod, baffle and side plate, it can be adapted to different sizes and shapes of automotive aluminum alloy housings (such as engine cylinder blocks, brake caliper housings, etc.). There is no need to design special fixtures for each workpiece, which reduces the manufacturing cost of fixtures and shortens the changeover time to less than a minute.

[0017] 3. In this invention, the Y-axis, X-axis and Z-axis moving mechanisms of the equipment adopt high-precision linear guides and ball screws, and are combined with angle sensors, stepper motors, servo motor No. 1 and servo motor No. 2 for high-precision control, which can realize the precise positioning and angle adjustment of the workpiece in multiple dimensions, and meet the high-precision processing requirements of automotive aluminum alloy shells (such as gearbox shells and motor shells). Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 7-axis machining multi-station switching platform for automotive aluminum alloy housings according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial perspective view of a 7-axis machining platform for multi-station switching of automotive aluminum alloy housings according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the worktable and turntable of a 7-axis machining multi-station switching platform for automotive aluminum alloy housings according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support base, concave base, and placement plate of a 7-axis machining multi-station switching platform for automotive aluminum alloy housings according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the concave seat, base plate, support block, and placement plate of a 7-axis machining multi-station switching platform for automotive aluminum alloy housings according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the placement plate, side plate, telescopic rod, and clamping plate of a 7-axis machining multi-station switching platform for automotive aluminum alloy housings according to the present invention.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Long base; 2. Worktable; 3. Control system; 4. Y-axis moving mechanism; 5. X-axis moving mechanism; 6. Z-axis moving mechanism; 7. Machining mechanism; 8. Cross beam; 9. Turntable; 10. Variable speed motor; 11. Support frame; 12. Support base; 13. Angle sensor; 14. Concave base; 15. Placement plate; 16. Circular groove; 17. Rotating column; 18. Stepper motor; 19. Servo motor No. 1; 20. Rotating rod; 21. 21. Large gear No. 1; 22. Gear belt No. 1; 221. Small gear No. 1; 23. Rotary wheel; 24. Connecting disc; 25. Connecting shaft seat; 26. Fixing plate; 27. Servo motor No. 2; 28. Base plate; 29. ​​Support block; 30. Semicircular hole; 31. Rotating shaft; 32. Large gear No. 2; 33. Gear belt No. 2; 34. Small gear No. 2; 35. Baffle; 36. Side plate; 37. Telescopic rod; 38. Clamping plate; 39. Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown: A 7-axis machining platform for multi-station switching of automotive aluminum alloy shells includes a long seat 1, a worktable 2 on one side of the long seat 1, a control system 3 installed on the upper end of the frame of the long seat 1, a cross beam 8 installed inside the worktable 2, a turntable 9 above the worktable 2, a variable speed motor 10 installed on the upper end of the cross beam 8, four sets of support frames 11 installed on the inner wall of the cross beam 8, an angle sensor 13 installed on the upper end of the turntable 9, a circular groove 16 opened on the upper end of the worktable 2, multiple sets of rotating columns 17 slidably installed inside the circular groove 16, a rotating wheel 23 rotatably installed on one end of each of the four sets of support frames 11, and a connecting plate 24 installed on the lower end of the turntable 9. The upper end of the long seat 1 is equipped with a Y-axis moving mechanism 4, the movable end of the Y-axis moving mechanism 4 is equipped with an X-axis moving mechanism 5, the movable end of the X-axis moving mechanism 5 is equipped with a Z-axis moving mechanism 6, and the Y-axis moving mechanism 4, the X-axis moving mechanism 5 and the Z-axis moving mechanism 6 are all connected to the control system 3 by signal. The upper ends of multiple sets of rotating columns 17 are all fixed to the lower end of the turntable 9. The lower part of the connecting plate 24 is rotatably installed inside the worktable 2. The lower end of the connecting plate 24 is fixed to the output end of the variable speed motor 10. The outer walls of the four sets of rotating wheels 23 are all in contact with the lower end of the connecting plate 24. The angle sensor 13 and the variable speed motor 10 are both connected to the control system 3. The upper end of the turntable 9 is equipped with six sets of support seats 12, and each set of support seats 12 is equipped with a concave seat 14. Each set of concave seats 14 is equipped with a placement plate 15. Each set of support seats 12 is equipped with a stepper motor 18 at its inner top. The output ends of the six sets of stepper motors 18 pass through the upper end of the six sets of support seats 12 and are fixed to the lower end of the six sets of concave seats 14 respectively. Each set of stepper motors 18 is connected to the control system 3 via signal. Each of the six sets of concave seats 14 has a servo motor 19 mounted on one protruding end. Both ends of the six sets of concave seats 14 are rotatably mounted with rotating rods 20. One set of rotating rods 20 has a large gear 21 mounted on its outer wall. The output end of the servo motor 19 has a small gear 221 mounted on its output end. The outer walls of the large gear 21 and the small gear 221 are connected by a toothed belt 22. Each set of rotating rods 20 has a connecting shaft seat 25 mounted on its outer wall. A base plate 28 is mounted on the lower end of every two sets of connecting shaft seats 25. All six sets of servo motors 19 are connected to the control system 3 via signals. Each of the six sets of concave seats 14 has a fixing plate 26 installed at the other end. The upper end of each of the six sets of fixing plates 26 is through which a second servo motor 27 is installed. Each of the six sets of concave seats 14 has a semi-circular hole 30 through which it is opened. Each of the six sets of base plates 28 has a rotating shaft 31 through which it is rotatably installed. Each of the six sets of rotating shafts 31 has a second large gear 32 installed on its outer wall. Each of the six sets of second large gears 32 has a second gear belt 33 fitted on its outer wall. Each of the six sets of second servo motors 27 has a second small gear 34 installed at its output end. A portion of each of the six sets of second gear belts 33 passes through the interior of the six sets of semi-circular holes 30 and is connected to the outer wall of each of the six sets of second small gears 34 for transmission. Each of the six sets of second servo motors 27 is connected to the control system 3 for signal transmission. The moving end of the Z-axis moving mechanism 6 is equipped with a machining mechanism 7, which is connected to the control system 3 via signal.

[0022] In this embodiment, the long seat 1 serves as the basic support frame for the entire device. It is welded from high-strength alloy steel and has anti-slip and shock-absorbing pads at the bottom to reduce vibration transmission during operation and ensure overall structural stability. One side of the long seat 1 is reserved for fixing the workbench 2, while the upper frame provides a stable mounting platform for the control system 3. The workbench 2 is a rectangular cast iron structure with a hollow interior and a pre-set mounting groove for embedding the cross beam 8. The upper surface has a circular groove 16 that matches the turntable 9. The inner wall of the circular groove 16 is precision-polished to ensure smooth sliding of the rotating column 17. The side wall of the workbench 2 is also equipped with an inspection door for easy maintenance of internal components such as the variable speed motor 10 and the support frame 11.

[0023] The control system 3 adopts an industrial-grade PLC controller with a built-in processing parameter database and fault diagnosis module. It can achieve real-time signal interaction with the Y-axis moving mechanism 4, X-axis moving mechanism 5, Z-axis moving mechanism 6, variable speed motor 10, angle sensor 13, stepper motor 18, servo motor 19, servo motor 27, telescopic rod 37 and processing mechanism 7. Operators can complete the processing program setting, equipment status monitoring and parameter adjustment through the touch screen.

[0024] Three-axis movement module: The Y-axis movement mechanism 4 is installed on the upper end of the long base 1 and consists of a Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis ball screw, a Y-axis servo motor and a Y-axis slider; the Y-axis guide rail adopts a high-precision linear guide rail; the Y-axis ball screw is connected to the output end of the Y-axis servo motor through a coupling; the Y-axis slider has a reserved mounting hole for fixing the X-axis movement mechanism 5, which can drive the X-axis movement mechanism 5 to move smoothly along the Y-axis direction.

[0025] The X-axis moving mechanism 5 is mounted on the movable end (Y-axis slider) of the Y-axis moving mechanism 4. Its structure is similar to that of the Y-axis moving mechanism 4, including an X-axis guide rail, an X-axis ball screw, an X-axis servo motor and an X-axis slider. It can drive the Z-axis moving mechanism 6 to move along the X-axis direction and also has high-precision transmission characteristics to meet the requirements of lateral position adjustment during processing.

[0026] The Z-axis moving mechanism 6 is fixed on the movable end (X-axis slider) of the X-axis moving mechanism 5. It consists of a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis ball screw, a Z-axis servo motor, a Z-axis slider, and a balance cylinder. The balance cylinder is used to counteract the gravity of the Z-axis slider and the machining mechanism 7, and reduce the load on the Z-axis servo motor. The Z-axis moving mechanism 6 can drive the machining mechanism 7 to move in the vertical direction, realize the vertical distance adjustment between the tool and the workpiece, and adapt to the machining requirements of different depths.

[0027] The internal transmission and positioning module of the workbench 2: The cross beam 8 is a cross-shaped welded structure made of high-strength steel plate. It is horizontally installed inside the workbench 2, and its four ends are fixed to the inner wall of the workbench 2 with bolts. The upper end face has a reserved motor mounting seat for fixing the variable speed motor 10. Four sets of support frames 11 are evenly welded to the inner wall to ensure that the support frames 11 are firmly installed. The turntable 9 is a circular stainless steel structure with a diameter that matches the circular groove 16 at the upper end of the workbench 2. Six sets of support seat 12 mounting holes are evenly distributed along the circumference on the upper end face. The lower end face is fixed to multiple sets of rotating columns 17 and connecting plates 24 with bolts. The side wall of the turntable 9 has scale lines, which can achieve precise angle positioning in conjunction with the angle sensor 13. Its surface is hard anodized to improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The variable speed motor 10 is a planetary gear reducer motor, which is installed at the center of the upper end of the cross beam 8. The output end is fixed to the lower end of the connecting plate 24 by a key connection. The output speed can be adjusted by the control system 3 to provide power for the rotation of the turntable 9 and drive the turntable 9 to achieve multi-station switching.

[0028] Four sets of support frames 11 are installed on the mounting plate on the inner wall of the cross beam 8, symmetrically distributed. Each set of support frames 11 has a rotating wheel 23 mounted at its end via a bearing. The rotating wheel 23 is made of wear-resistant polyurethane material, and its outer wall is in close contact with the lower end face of the connecting plate 24, providing support for the connecting plate 24, reducing the shaking of the connecting plate 24 during rotation, and ensuring the smooth operation of the turntable 9. Angle sensor 13 is installed at the upper edge of the turntable 9, with the probe facing the preset positioning scale on the upper end face of the worktable 2. It can collect the rotation angle data of the turntable 9 in real time and transmit the data to the control system 3. When the turntable 9 rotates to the target work position, the control system 3 can control the variable speed motor 10 to stop according to the feedback signal of the angle sensor 13, so as to achieve precise positioning of the work position.

[0029] A circular groove 16 is formed on the upper surface of the workbench 2, and a wear-resistant bushing is inlaid on the inner wall. Multiple sets of rotating columns 17 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular groove 16. The lower end is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circular groove 16 through a sliding bearing, and the upper end is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the turntable 9. They can rotate synchronously with the turntable 9 to assist in supporting the turntable 9 and prevent the turntable 9 from tilting due to uneven force.

[0030] The rotating wheel 23 has a cylindrical structure with a polished outer circle. It is rotatably connected to the end of the support frame 11 via a deep groove ball bearing, allowing it to rotate flexibly. The connecting plate 24 is a circular steel plate. Its upper end is fixed to the lower end of the turntable 9 by bolts, and its lower center is connected to the output end of the variable speed motor 10. Its edge contacts the outer wall of the four sets of rotating wheels 23. Driven by the variable speed motor 10, it drives the turntable 9 to rotate, while the rotational stability is ensured by the support of the rotating wheels 23.

[0031] Workstation adjustment and clamping module: Six sets of support seats 12 are evenly installed along the circumference of the upper surface of the turntable 9. They are made of cast aluminum, hollow inside, with a pre-drilled mounting hole for the stepper motor 18 at the top and heat dissipation holes on the side wall to reduce heat accumulation during the operation of the stepper motor 18. The upper end of the support seat 12 is fixed to the concave seat 14 by bolts to provide stable support for the concave seat 14.

[0032] The concave seat 14 has an overall "U" shaped structure and is forged from high-strength aluminum alloy. The upper end is used to place the placement plate 15. One end protrusion is reserved for the installation position of the No. 1 servo motor 19. The rotating rod 20 is installed on the side walls of both ends through bearings. The other end is welded and fixed to the fixing plate 26. The inner wall of the concave seat 14 is precision machined to ensure smooth rotation of the rotating rod 20 and reduce mechanical wear.

[0033] The placement plate 15 is a rectangular steel plate with anti-slip treatment on the upper surface (such as anti-slip texture or anti-slip mat). It is used to place the automotive aluminum alloy body to be processed. Two sets of baffles 35 and two side plates 36 are installed on the upper end of the placement plate 15. The lower end is fixed to the upper end of the support block 29 by bolts. It can rotate or move synchronously with the support block 29.

[0034] Six sets of stepper motors 18 are respectively installed inside the top of the six sets of support seats 12. The output end passes through the upper end of the support seat 12 and is fixed to the lower end of the concave seat 14 through a coupling. Under the control of the control system 3, the concave seat 14 can be driven to rotate around the vertical axis (rotation angle range 0-360°), so as to realize the fine adjustment of the angle of the workpiece on the placement plate 15 and meet the requirements of different processing angles.

[0035] Six sets of servo motors 19 are respectively installed on one end of the protrusion of the six sets of concave seats 14. Permanent magnet synchronous servo motors are selected, which have high torque and high precision characteristics. The rotating rods 20 rotatably installed at both ends of the concave seats 14 are cylindrical stainless steel rods. One set of rotating rods 20 is keyed to the outer wall of the first large gear 21, and the output end of the first servo motor 19 is keyed to the first small gear 221. The first large gear 21 and the first small gear 221 are connected by a first gear belt 22. The outer wall of the rotating rod 20 is also welded to the shaft seat 25. The lower end of every two sets of connecting shaft seats 25 is welded and fixed to the base plate 28. When the first servo motor 19 is started, it can drive the rotating rod 20 to rotate through the gear belt, thereby driving the connecting shaft seat 25 and the base plate 28 to rotate, so as to realize the angle adjustment of the placement plate 15.

[0036] Six sets of fixing plates 26 are welded to the other end of the six sets of concave seats 14. They are rectangular steel plates with a pre-drilled mounting hole for the second servo motor 27 at the top. The second servo motor 27 is a permanent magnet synchronous servo motor of the same model as the first servo motor 19. Its output end passes through the fixing plate 26 and is keyed to the second pinion 34. The other end of the concave seat 14 has a semi-circular hole 30 through it. The inner wall of the semi-circular hole 30 is smoothed to facilitate the passage of the second gear belt 33.

[0037] The base plate 28 is a rectangular steel plate, with a rotating shaft 31 mounted through a bearing at its lower end. The rotating shaft 31 is a cylindrical stainless steel rod, with a key connecting the outer wall to the second large gear 32. The outer wall of the six sets of second large gears 32 is fitted with second gear belts 33, a portion of which passes through a semi-circular hole 30 and is connected to the second small gear 34 for transmission. A support block 29 is welded to the upper end of the rotating shaft 31, and the upper end of the support block 29 is fixed to the lower end of the placement plate 15 with bolts. When the second servo motor 27 is started, the rotating shaft 31 is driven to rotate through the transmission of the second small gear 34, the second gear belt 33, and the second large gear 32, thereby driving the support block 29 and the placement plate 15 to rotate around the vertical axis (perpendicular to the rotation direction driven by the stepper motor 18), realizing multi-dimensional angle adjustment of the workpiece.

[0038] Machining execution module: Machining mechanism 7 is mounted on the movable end (Z-axis slider) of Z-axis moving mechanism 6. It can be equipped with different types of machining components according to machining requirements, such as milling components (including high-speed electric spindle and milling cutter), drilling components (including drill chuck and drill bit), tapping components (including tap chuck and tap), or grinding components (including grinding wheel and flap wheel). Machining mechanism 7 has built-in speed sensor and torque sensor, which can monitor tool speed and cutting torque in real time and transmit the data to control system 3. When abnormal conditions such as tool wear or jamming occur, control system 3 can automatically stop the machine and alarm to ensure machining safety and accuracy.

[0039] Example 2: Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, each of the six sets of rotating shafts 31 has a support block 29 installed at its upper end, each of the six sets of placement plates 15 has two sets of baffles 35 installed at its upper end, and each of the six sets of placement plates 15 has a side plate 36 installed at its upper end and near the two side edges. Each side plate 36 has a telescopic rod 37 installed through one end, and each telescopic rod 37 has a clamping plate 38 installed at its extended end. Each side plate 36 has two guide rods 39 installed through one end. The lower ends of the six sets of placement plates 15 are fixed to the upper ends of the six sets of support blocks 29, and one end of each pair of guide rods 39 is fixed to one end of a clamping plate 38. The multiple sets of telescopic rods 37 are all connected to the control system 3 via signals.

[0040] In this embodiment, the clamping assembly consists of two sets of rectangular steel plates 35 mounted on the upper end of the placement plate 15, which are vertically welded to both ends of the placement plate 15 to limit the displacement of the workpiece along its length. Two side plates 36 are also rectangular steel plates, vertically welded to the edges of the placement plate 15. A telescopic rod 37 is installed through one end of each side plate 36, and a clamping plate 38 is welded to the extended end of the telescopic rod 37 (a rubber pad is pasted on the inner wall of the clamping plate 38 to prevent scratching the workpiece surface). Two sets of guide rods 39 are also slidably installed through one end of each side plate 36. The guide rods 39 are parallel to the telescopic rod 37, and one end is welded to the clamping plate 38. These guide rods provide guidance to the clamping plate 38 when the telescopic rod 37 extends or retracts, preventing the clamping plate 38 from tilting. When the workpiece is placed on the placement plate 15, the control system 3 controls the telescopic rod 37 to extend, causing the clamping plate 38 to move towards the workpiece. This, in conjunction with the baffles 35, achieves stable clamping of the workpiece. The clamping force can be adjusted by the control system 3 according to the workpiece material and size.

[0041] The working principle of this invention is as follows: First, parameter setting and initialization: The operator calls the process parameters (three-axis movement speed / positioning, tool speed, clamping force, lubrication / cooling parameters) of the corresponding housing (such as gearbox housing, motor housing) through the touch screen of the control system 3. The system automatically detects the three-axis origin return, motor test run, sensor calibration, etc., to ensure that the components are normal.

[0042] Tooling and cutting tool adaptation: According to the housing size, the angle of the concave seat 14 is finely adjusted by the stepper motor 18 and the position of the placement plate 15 is adjusted by the servo motor 19; the machining mechanism 7 is equipped with the corresponding cutting tool (milling cutter / drill bit), the system confirms the cutting tool speed, and the cooling nozzle is aligned with the machining area.

[0043] Next, multi-station clamping: the housing is placed on the placement plate 15 of the turntable 9, the system starts the telescopic rod 37, pushes the clamping plate 38 to cooperate with the baffle 35, and clamps the housing in both directions; Then, workstation switching and 7-axis machining: Station switching: The qualified housing station rotates under the drive of the variable speed motor 10 (with the help of the rotating column 17 and the wheel 23 for stabilization), and the angle sensor 13 controls the position. Other stations are clamped synchronously to achieve parallel "processing-clamping". 7-axis simultaneous machining: After the workstation is locked, the system drives 7 axes (Y / X / Z linear axes + A / B / C / D rotary axes 31) in simultaneous operation. Linear axis: Adjusts the relative position of the tool and the housing to complete the machining of planes / straight grooves; Rotary shaft 31: Machining of oblique holes as needed (stepper motor 18 for angle adjustment + A-axis cooperation), and arc surfaces (servo motor 19 / servo motor 27 for linkage adjustment); Finally, post-processing inspection and unloading: Quality inspection: After processing, the workstation is transferred to the inspection area, where the camera measures key dimensions and surface burrs / scratches. Minor burrs can be polished again, and serious defects are marked and sorted. Unloading and Recycling: Qualified shells are transferred to the unloading station, the telescopic rod 37 is reset, and the parts are picked up manually or by a robotic arm; the station is switched to the clamping position, and the material is reloaded to start a new cycle; waste materials are transported to the waste bin by the collection system.

[0044] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 7-axis machining platform for multi-station switching of automotive aluminum alloy housings, comprising a long base (1), characterized in that: A workbench (2) is provided on one side of the long seat (1). A control system (3) is installed on the upper end of the frame of the long seat (1). A cross beam (8) is installed inside the workbench (2). A turntable (9) is provided above the workbench (2). A variable speed motor (10) is installed on the upper end of the cross beam (8). Four sets of support frames (11) are installed on the inner wall of the cross beam (8). An angle sensor (13) is installed on the upper end of the turntable (9). A circular groove (16) is opened on the upper end of the workbench (2). Multiple sets of rotating columns (17) are slidably installed inside the circular groove (16). A rotating wheel (23) is rotatably installed on one end of each of the four sets of support frames (11). A connecting plate (24) is installed on the lower end of the turntable (9).

2. The 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the long seat (1) is equipped with a Y-axis moving mechanism (4), the movable end of the Y-axis moving mechanism (4) is equipped with an X-axis moving mechanism (5), the movable end of the X-axis moving mechanism (5) is equipped with a Z-axis moving mechanism (6), and the Y-axis moving mechanism (4), X-axis moving mechanism (5) and Z-axis moving mechanism (6) are all connected to the control system (3) via signals.

3. The 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper ends of the multiple sets of rotating columns (17) are fixed to the lower end of the turntable (9). The lower part of the connecting plate (24) is rotatably installed inside the workbench (2). The lower end of the connecting plate (24) is fixed to the output end of the variable speed motor (10). The outer walls of the four sets of rotating wheels (23) are in contact with the lower end of the connecting plate (24). The angle sensor (13) and the variable speed motor (10) are both connected to the control system (3) via signals.

4. The 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable (9) is equipped with six sets of support seats (12) at its upper end. Each of the six sets of support seats (12) is equipped with a concave seat (14) at its upper end. Each of the six sets of concave seats (14) is equipped with a placement plate (15) above it.

5. A 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each set of support bases (12) has a stepper motor (18) installed at its inner top. The output ends of the six sets of stepper motors (18) pass through the upper ends of the six sets of support bases (12) and are fixed to the lower ends of the six sets of concave seats (14). The six sets of stepper motors (18) are all connected to the control system (3) via signals.

6. The 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the six sets of concave seats (14) has a servo motor (19) installed on one end of its protrusion. Both ends of the six sets of concave seats (14) are rotatably mounted with rotating rods (20). One set of rotating rods (20) has a large gear (21) mounted on its outer wall. The output end of the servo motor (19) has a small gear (221) mounted on its output end. The outer walls of the large gear (21) and the small gear (221) are connected by a toothed belt (22). Each set of rotating rods (20) has a connecting shaft seat (25) mounted on its outer wall. The lower ends of every two sets of connecting shaft seats (25) are mounted with a base plate (28). All six sets of servo motors (19) are connected to the control system (3) via signals.

7. A 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the six sets of concave seats (14) has a fixing plate (26) installed at the other end. The upper end of the six sets of fixing plates (26) is through which a second servo motor (27) is installed. The other end of each of the six sets of concave seats (14) has a semi-circular hole (30) through which a rotating shaft (31) is rotatably installed at the lower end of each of the six sets of base plates (28). The outer wall of each of the six sets of rotating shafts (31) is equipped with a second large gear (32). The outer wall of each of the six sets of second large gears (32) is fitted with a second toothed belt (33). The output end of each of the six sets of second servo motors (27) is equipped with a second small gear (34). A part of the second toothed belt (33) passes through the interior of each of the six sets of semi-circular holes (30) and is connected to the outer wall of each of the six sets of second small gears (34) for transmission. Each of the six sets of second servo motors (27) is connected to the control system (3) for signal transmission.

8. A 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the six sets of rotating shafts (31) has a bracket block (29) installed at its upper end. Each of the six sets of placement plates (15) has two sets of baffles (35) installed at its upper end. Each of the six sets of placement plates (15) has a side plate (36) installed at its upper end and near the two side edges. Each set of side plates (36) has a telescopic rod (37) installed through one end. Each set of telescopic rods (37) has a clamping plate (38) installed at its extended end. Each set of side plates (36) has two sets of guide rods (39) installed through one end.

9. A 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower ends of the six sets of placement plates (15) are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the six sets of support blocks (29), one end of each pair of guide rods (39) is fixed to one end of a clamping plate (38), and multiple sets of telescopic rods (37) are connected to the control system (3) via signals.

10. A 7-axis multi-station switching platform for machining automotive aluminum alloy housings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis moving mechanism (6) is equipped with a machining mechanism (7) at its movable end, and the machining mechanism (7) is connected to the control system (3) via signal.

Images