A device and method for controlling algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs based on light and biological manipulation.

Abstract

This invention discloses a device and method for controlling algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs based on light and biological manipulation. The algal bloom control device includes a floating frame, a dynamic shading curtain system, an underwater supplemental lighting system, and an intelligent control system. The floating frame is composed of an aluminum frame and double-sided buoyancy sidewalls, providing stable support and buoyancy. The dynamic shading curtain system uses a motor, pulleys, and a sliding groove to drive the shading curtain to rise and fall, achieving precise shading. The underwater supplemental lighting system uses red and blue light strips to match the photosynthetic needs of submerged plants. The intelligent control system integrates solar power supply, multi-parameter sensing, and remote communication to achieve automatic shading-supplemental lighting coordinated regulation. This invention can break the vicious cycle of algal blooming and plant decline, improve the self-purification capacity of water bodies, and has both economic and ecological benefits. It is suitable for large-scale long-term management of various shallow lakes and reservoirs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water environment management technology, specifically relating to a device and method for controlling algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs based on light and biological manipulation. Background Technology

[0002] Eutrophication is a common problem in shallow lakes and reservoirs. The accumulation of nutrients leads to abnormal algal blooms, causing unpleasant odors, aquatic life deaths, and even threatening drinking water safety. In recent years, restoring submerged plants has been considered an important means of controlling eutrophication. Submerged plants not only absorb nitrogen and phosphorus and inhibit algae growth, but also stabilize bottom sediment, release oxygen, and provide habitats for fish. However, excessive algal growth leads to decreased water transparency, resulting in light intensity reaching the underwater environment below the growth requirements of submerged plants. This causes widespread decline in submerged plants, creating a vicious cycle of "algae enrichment - aquatic plant scarcity."

[0003] Existing algae control measures, such as physical shading (e.g., surface photovoltaic panels), can suppress algae, but excessive shading can reduce dissolved oxygen in the water, which is detrimental to aquatic organisms and submerged plants. Artificial lighting (e.g., underwater LED lights) can improve the light environment and promote the recovery of submerged plants, but existing systems are mostly single-mode lighting, lack active shading regulation, and rely on external energy supply, resulting in insufficient application flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for controlling algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs based on light and biological manipulation. By combining shading and supplemental lighting, it can both limit the photosynthesis of algae and ensure the healthy growth of submerged plants, thereby achieving the dual goals of ecological algae control and water quality restoration.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A device for controlling algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs based on light and biological manipulation includes a floating frame, a dynamic sunshade curtain system, an underwater supplemental lighting system, and an intelligent control system. The floating frame includes an aluminum frame and buoyancy sidewalls on both sides of the aluminum frame, with the aluminum frame supporting the various functional components. The buoyancy sidewalls are high-density polyethylene hollow sealed structures used to provide buoyancy for the algal bloom control device. The dynamic sunshade curtain system includes a sunshade curtain, a motor, pulleys, hanging rope rings, and a chute. The pulleys are fixed to the inner side of the buoyancy sidewalls. The hanging rope rings connect the lower edge of the sunshade curtain to a traction rope, and the traction rope passes around the pulley and is connected to the motor winch mechanism. The motor drives the sunshade curtain to rise and fall along the chute.

[0007] The underwater supplemental lighting system includes a light strip and a clip; the light strip is fixed to the bottom of the aluminum frame by the clip; the intelligent control system includes an electrical control compartment, a battery compartment, a solar panel, and a sensor group; the solar panel is installed on the sun-facing side of the top of the aluminum frame; the sensor group includes a light sensor, a water temperature sensor, an algae concentration sensor, and a dissolved oxygen sensor, and the sensor group is located 0.5m underwater on the aluminum frame; the solar panel is connected to the battery compartment via a power cable, and the battery compartment, the motor, the light strip, and the sensor group are all electrically connected to the electrical control compartment.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sunshade curtain is made of PVC coated polyester fabric; the motor is a DC geared motor with a worm gear self-locking mechanism; the pulley is made of nylon material; and the slide groove is made of ABS engineering plastic.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light strip is a waterproof LED light strip with a 304 stainless steel shell, the red and blue light wavelengths are 660nm and 450nm respectively, the red and blue light wavelength ratio is 3:1, and the power of the light strip is 10W / m; the light strip is submerged in water and is used to provide artificial light source supplement for submerged plants.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electronic control compartment houses an STM32F103 main control chip, an MPPT charging controller, and a communication module, with an IP68 protection rating; the battery compartment houses a 12V / 100Ah lithium iron phosphate battery; and the solar panel is made of monocrystalline silicon.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solar panel is connected to the battery compartment via the power line and a winch mechanism of the solar motor to guide the smooth release and retraction of the traction rope, thereby driving the sunshade curtain to move left and right.

[0012] This invention also provides a method for controlling algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs based on photo- and biological manipulation, employing the aforementioned photo- and biological manipulation-based algal bloom control device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1, On-site deployment: Survey areas with high incidence of algal blooms, assemble algal bloom control devices, connect anchor ropes using hanging rope rings, and fix the anchors to a sturdy object on the bottom of the water or on the shore, so that the algal bloom control devices are positioned in the water surface area where algae need to be controlled.

[0014] Step 2, Power-on start: Turn on the main switch of the electric control compartment, check the operating status of the motor, light strip, sensor group and communication module, and monitor the shading threshold, supplementary lighting parameters and abnormal protection parameters;

[0015] Step 3, Automatic Shading: When sunlight is strong and the risk of algal blooms in the water increases, the intelligent control system drives the motor to unwind the traction rope and automatically lower the shading curtain. The shading curtain slides smoothly down the chute and unfolds, covering the water surface to shade the water, reduce the intensity of light entering the water, and inhibit excessive algal growth. If the light weakens or reaches the set time period, the intelligent control system drives the motor to lift and retract the shading curtain to restore the water's light, thus achieving dynamic light control management.

[0016] Step 4, Synchronous Supplemental Lighting: When the shading curtain is lowered to block light, the intelligent control system synchronously starts the light strip to supplement underwater lighting; the electrical control chamber determines the start and stop based on preset parameters: when the natural light in the water body is reduced to a preset threshold due to shading or at night, the power supply to the light strip is automatically turned on; the light strip emits light of selected wavelengths to irradiate the water body, providing necessary light for beneficial organisms while interfering with the physiological activities of harmful algae.

[0017] Step 5, Parameter Control: During operation, the intelligent control system adjusts and controls various parameters based on real-time monitoring and preset programs. Users can set key parameters such as shading intensity threshold, shading curtain opening and closing time, and light intensity and duration of the light strips via control panel or remote communication. The intelligent control system automatically compares these thresholds with the collected environmental data and adjusts the working status of the shading curtains and light strips in a timely manner to ensure that the algae control effect is balanced with ecological needs. Environmental data includes illuminance, time, and water quality indicators.

[0018] Step 6, Abnormal Protection: The Algae Flower control device is equipped with multiple abnormal detection and protection mechanisms to ensure safe and reliable operation. In the event of severe weather with strong winds and waves, the control system can retract the sunshade curtain in advance and protect it on top of the aluminum frame to prevent damage to the curtain in the wind and waves. At the same time, the Algae Flower control device itself relies on the stable structure of the buoyancy sidewall to resist the risk of swaying and overturning. The motor is equipped with overload protection. When the traction rope is stuck or the curtain is raised or lowered to the correct position, the control circuit will detect abnormal current and cut off the motor power in time to prevent the motor from overheating and burning out. The electrical control compartment is equipped with a low voltage protection strategy. When the battery power is too low, the non-critical load of the light strip will be shut down first to ensure that the core control and communication modules continue to work.

[0019] Step 7, Monitoring and Linkage: During the operation of the algal bloom control device, the monitoring unit in the electrical control chamber collects environmental and equipment status data in real time, including light intensity, water temperature, water quality parameters, battery power, and the working status of each component. Water quality parameters include algal concentration and dissolved oxygen. Through the built-in communication module, this data can be wirelessly transmitted to the onshore monitoring center or cloud platform to achieve remote monitoring and data recording. When multiple algal bloom control devices are deployed, they can form an Internet of Things linkage and work collaboratively based on the overall algal bloom monitoring results: when an algal bloom warning is issued in a certain area, the algal bloom control devices in the relevant areas can receive linkage instructions and simultaneously implement shading or supplemental lighting measures to expand the algal control coverage area.

[0020] Step 8, Maintenance and Management: Regular maintenance ensures the long-term stable operation of the algae bloom control device; maintenance personnel conduct scheduled inspections of the algae bloom control device, clean dust and stains from the surface of the solar panels to maintain charging efficiency, check for damage or aging of the sunshade curtains and clean any attached algae or debris to ensure good shading performance and smooth raising and lowering; the light strips need to be cleaned of scale and biological deposits to ensure luminous effect, and each LED module needs to be tested to ensure normal operation.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 4, the supplemental lighting process is coordinated with the shading action. During the day, specific weak light is provided to maintain ecological needs when shading, and at night, supplemental lighting is provided periodically or continuously to simulate the natural photocycle. As the shading curtain is retracted, the intelligent control system will turn off the light strip to save energy and avoid unnecessary light.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 6, each sealed chamber of the algae bloom control device has a waterproof and leak-proof alarm function. Once water ingress or sealing failure is detected, the intelligent control system will issue an alarm and take emergency power-off measures to minimize the damage caused by the failure.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 7, the algal bloom control device and the aeration device are coordinated to operate on a unified control platform, forming a comprehensive algal bloom prevention and control system.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 8 also involves checking the charge and lifespan of the battery in the battery compartment and replacing batteries with degraded performance in a timely manner; checking the waterproof sealing condition and connection lines of the electronic components in the electronic control compartment to prevent moisture corrosion or loosening; during maintenance, the self-test information and historical operating data of the algae bloom control device can be obtained through the control panel to determine the status of each component; after repairing or replacing faulty parts, the functions of sunshade and supplemental lighting are retested to ensure that the algae bloom control device is restored to its optimal working state.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) By providing targeted support to submerged plants, and through the synergy of “shading to suppress algae and supplementing light to protect grass”, suitable light is provided for submerged plants while inhibiting the photosynthesis of algae, avoiding the side effects of “full shading to suppress grass”, quickly breaking the vicious cycle of “algae flourishing - grass decline”, and improving transparency and the self-purification capacity of the water body.

[0027] (2) The operation of the algal bloom control device promotes the recovery of submerged plants and forms a stable habitat / spawning / feeding space, which can serve as a fish food source and shelter, drive fishery production and landscape value enhancement, and achieve a win-win situation of water quality improvement and economic benefits.

[0028] (3) The floating modular design makes installation and relocation convenient. It can be flexibly deployed and operated in conjunction with the water area. The operation and maintenance are simple and the cost is controllable, making it suitable for long-term management of large-scale lakes and reservoirs.

[0029] (4) Intelligent control with high precision: Based on multi-parameter sensing and preset programs, it automatically adjusts the shading-supplementation parameters, and has remote monitoring and linkage functions, which can realize "unattended operation" and reduce the number of maintenance personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a light and biological manipulation control device for algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how a traction rope moves left and right to retract or expand a sunshade curtain, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for controlling algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs based on light and biological manipulation, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0034] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Hanging rope ring; 2. Pulley; 3. Slide groove; 4. Solar panel; 5. Power cord; 6. Battery compartment; 7. Aluminum frame; 8. Motor; 9. Buoyancy side wall; 10. Electrical control compartment; 11. Sunshade curtain; 12. Light strip; 13. Transmission gear; 14. Hook; 15. Traction rope. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," and "right," etc., used when describing the installation position or direction of the structure or components in this embodiment are based on the orientation shown in the accompanying drawings. They are merely for convenience of description, used to distinguish the relative positions of various components or directions, and do not represent the orientation of the device or functional component in this embodiment during use.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, this invention provides a light- and biologically manipulated algal bloom control device for shallow lakes and reservoirs, comprising a floating frame, a dynamic shading curtain system, an underwater supplemental lighting system, and an intelligent control system. This algal bloom control device floats on the water surface via the buoyancy frame and is anchored to the target water area, achieving automatic shading and supplemental lighting regulation driven by solar energy. It solves the technical problems of existing shallow lake and reservoir algal bloom control measures, such as the inability to simultaneously suppress algae and restore submerged plants, reliance on external energy supply, and lack of coordinated regulation capabilities.

[0037] The floating frame includes an aluminum frame 7 and buoyancy sidewalls 9 on both sides of the aluminum frame 7. The aluminum frame 7 supports the various functional components. The buoyancy sidewalls 9 are high-density polyethylene hollow sealed structures used to provide buoyancy for the algae bloom control device. The dynamic sunshade curtain system includes a sunshade curtain 11, a motor 8, a pulley 2, a rope loop 1, and a chute 3. The pulley 2 is fixed to the inside of the buoyancy sidewall 9. The rope loop 1 connects the lower edge of the sunshade curtain 11 to a traction rope. The traction rope passes around the pulley 2 and is connected to the hoisting mechanism of the motor 8. The motor 8 drives the sunshade curtain 11 to rise and fall along the chute 3. In this embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 2 Preferably, there are two motors 8, which are installed in the electrical control compartments 10 on the left and right sides of the control panel 2 or on the aluminum frame 7. They are connected to the traction rope 15 through the transmission gear 13 or the drum mechanism. The traction rope 15 is connected to the pulley 2 through the hook 14. Under the command of the control system, the motors 8 rotate forward or reverse, and the traction rope 15 moves left or right, thereby retracting or unfolding the sunshade curtain 11.

[0038] The underwater supplemental lighting system includes a light strip 12 and a buckle; the light strip 12 is fixed to the bottom of the aluminum frame 7 by the buckle; the intelligent control system includes an electrical control compartment 10, a battery compartment 6, a solar panel 4, and a sensor group; the solar panel 4 is installed on the sun-facing side of the top of the aluminum frame 7; the sensor group includes a light sensor, a water temperature sensor, an algae concentration sensor, and a dissolved oxygen sensor, and the sensor group is located 0.5m underwater at the bottom of the aluminum frame 7; the solar panel 4 is connected to the battery compartment 6 via a power cable 5, and the battery compartment 6, the motor 8, the light strip 12, and the sensor group are electrically connected to the electrical control compartment 10.

[0039] The sunshade curtain 11 is made of PVC-coated polyester fabric; the motor 8 is a DC geared motor with a worm gear self-locking mechanism; the pulley 2 is made of nylon; and the slide 3 is made of ABS engineering plastic. The light strip 12 is a waterproof LED light strip with a 304 stainless steel shell, with red and blue light wavelengths of 660nm and 450nm respectively, a red-blue light ratio of 3:1, and a power of 10W / m. The light strip 12 is submerged underwater and used to provide artificial light for submerged plants.

[0040] The electrical control compartment 10 houses an STM32F103 main control chip, an MPPT charging controller, and a communication module, with an IP68 protection rating. The battery compartment 6 contains a 12V / 100Ah lithium iron phosphate battery. The solar panel 4 is made of monocrystalline silicon. The solar panel 4 is connected to the battery compartment 6 via a power cable 5. The hoisting mechanism of the solar motor 8 guides the smooth retraction and extension of the traction rope, thereby moving the sunshade curtain 11 left and right.

[0041] Specifically, the hanging rope ring 1 is used to pull and fix the device. The pulley 2 is used to change the direction of movement of the traction rope and reduce friction. The pulley 2 is installed at an appropriate position on the upper part of the aluminum frame 7, and the traction rope is connected to the hanging rope ring 1 after passing through the pulley 2. The pulley 2 is movably set in the sliding support groove at the edge of the curtain. The two sides of the sunshade curtain 11 are embedded in the sliding groove 3, which can keep the curtain stable and positioned during the raising and lowering process, and prevent it from tilting or swaying. The solar panel 4 is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy for the device. The solar panel 4 is installed and fixed on the top of the aluminum frame 7 facing the sun, and is connected to the battery compartment 6 through the power line 5. The hoisting mechanism of the solar motor 8 guides the rope to be smoothly raised and lowered, so as to drive the sunshade curtain 11 to move left and right. The sliding groove 3 is a guide rail used to guide the sunshade curtain 11 to rise and fall along a set path. They are fixed to the inner sides of the two buoyancy sidewalls 9, serving as sunshades 4 to charge the battery on sunny days and provide power to the motor 8, light strip 12, and control circuits in the electrical control compartment 10, enabling the device to operate self-sufficiently. The power cable 5 is used to transmit power and connect the various electrical components. One end is connected to the solar panel 4, and the other end extends to the battery compartment 6 and electrical control compartment 10, charging the battery and supplying power to the control system. The power cable 5 is waterproof and laid along the aluminum frame 7 to ensure that the electrical energy output from the solar panel is reliably delivered to the motor 8, light strip 12, and other electrical components.

[0042] The battery compartment 6 houses the battery and manages its energy storage to power the device. The battery compartment 6 is a sealed, waterproof enclosure, fixedly installed in a high position on the aluminum frame 7 or the buoyancy sidewall 9 to prevent water ingress. The solar panel 4 charges the battery via the power cable 5. The stored energy is distributed by the electrical control compartment 10, ensuring the device can still operate normally at night or during periods of insufficient sunlight, such as rain or cloudy weather, for systems like the motor and light strips. The aluminum frame 7 serves as the main frame supporting the entire device and connecting the various functional components. This aluminum alloy frame is high-strength and corrosion-resistant, housing the core components such as the solar panel 4, battery compartment 6, and electrical control compartment 10. It spans across the two buoyancy sidewalls 9, forming the device's skeletal support. The aluminum frame 7 not only bears the weight of each component, maintaining the overall stability of the device, but also provides a mounting base for placing components such as the sunshade curtain 11 and light strip 12 in suitable positions. The motor 8 is the power unit that drives the sunshade curtain to rise and fall. The motor 8 is equipped with a self-locking and limit mechanism to ensure the curtain can stay stably when it reaches its position, and its operating status is monitored by the electrical control compartment 10. The buoyancy sidewall 9 provides buoyancy support and lateral stability for the device in water. The buoyancy sidewall is a hollow, sealed floating structure, located on both sides of the device and fixedly connected to the aluminum frame 7 to form a double-buoy structure, ensuring the device remains balanced and stable on the water surface. The buoyancy sidewall 9 also serves as a mounting support for the curtain guide rail, with an integrated fixing groove 3 on its inner side, providing good support and positioning for the sunshade curtain 11 when it moves left and right. The electrical control compartment 10 houses the control circuitry and electronic components, and provides intelligent control of the device's various functions. It is a waterproof, sealed enclosure, housing a control board, power management module, sensors, and communication module, etc.

[0043] The electrical control chamber 10 obtains power through wiring connected to the solar panel 4 and battery 6, and performs programmed control of actuators such as the motor 8 and light strip 12. The control system within the electrical control chamber 10 automatically executes the raising and lowering of the sunshade curtain and the opening and closing of the light strip according to preset logic or sensor signals, and provides functions such as parameter adjustment, status monitoring, and abnormal protection. The sunshade curtain 11 is used to block sunlight from the water surface when needed to inhibit algae photosynthesis. The curtain is made of weather-resistant and UV-resistant light-blocking material, with its upper edge connected and fixed to the crossbeam or roller below the aluminum frame 7, and its lower edge connected to the traction rope via the hanging rope ring 1. Normally, the curtain can be rolled up at the top. When the sunlight is too strong or shading is required according to control instructions, the motor 8 loosens the rope, allowing the curtain 11 to slide down the slide 3 under its own weight and unfold, covering the surface of the target water area and blocking excess sunlight from entering the water. Conversely, when it is necessary to restore sunlight or perform maintenance, the motor 8 tightens the rope, lifting and rolling up the curtain, allowing the water surface to be exposed to natural sunlight again. The light strip 12 is used to provide artificial lighting to the water body for biological manipulation and control. The light strip consists of multiple sets of waterproof encapsulated LED light sources, arranged along the bottom of the aluminum frame 7 or the lower edge of the buoyancy sidewall 9, installed close to the water surface and emitting light towards the water. During periods when the shading curtain is lowered or when nighttime light is insufficient, the electrical control chamber 10 activates the light strip 12 according to settings, emitting supplemental light of a specific spectrum to illuminate the water body. On the one hand, the supplemental lighting can promote the photosynthesis of beneficial algae or aquatic plants in the water body under low light conditions, maintaining ecological balance; on the other hand, the selective wavelength LED light can also inhibit the growth of harmful cyanobacteria, achieving biological intervention in algal blooms. The opening, closing, and brightness of the light strip 12 are automatically adjusted by the control system and work synchronously and in coordination with the shading process to achieve the effect of combined photobiological algae control.

[0044] The sunshade curtain 11 is connected to an automatic retractor, which can block sunlight when unfolded and allow sunlight to shine into the water when rolled up, according to a preset program or environmental conditions. Water-resistant, sealed light strips 12 are submerged underwater to provide artificial lighting for submerged plants. The intelligent control system includes a time control module and a weather sensing module (such as a light sensor and a water temperature sensor), which can automatically coordinate the opening and closing of the sunshade curtain and the brightness of the light strips according to the day-night cycle, season, and weather changes, ensuring that the water's light environment matches the growth rhythm of aquatic plants. The algal bloom control device uses solar power during the day to power the motor and light strips, and a battery provides continuous power at night or when sunlight is insufficient, achieving energy self-sufficiency. When the algal bloom control device is in operation, the shading curtain automatically unfolds during peak algal growth periods (such as midday sunlight or high temperatures) to block excessive solar radiation from entering the water, lowering the water temperature and weakening algal photosynthesis, thus achieving physical algal control. Simultaneously, underwater lights illuminate the submerged plants with artificial light, compensating for the lack of underwater light caused by shading and ensuring that the plants can photosynthesize and grow normally under suitable wavelengths of light. During periods of weaker light or when aquatic plants need some natural light, the shading curtain can be rolled up or closed to fully utilize the gentle sunlight of early morning or evening, while the lights can be dimmed or turned off as needed to save energy. The control system dynamically adjusts the switching between shading and supplemental lighting based on sensor data and preset programs, inhibiting excessive algal growth while ensuring that submerged plants receive sufficient effective light. The entire algal bloom control device features a modular design, allowing multiple devices to be assembled to cover different water areas, forming a networked, collaborative algal control system. This technical solution addresses both light management and ecological reconstruction, providing a new, low-energy-consumption, automatically operating, and environmentally friendly approach to controlling algal blooms.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a method for controlling algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs based on photo- and biological manipulation, employing the aforementioned photo- and biological manipulation-based algal bloom control device, which includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1, On-site deployment: Survey areas with high incidence of algal blooms, assemble algal bloom control devices, connect anchor ropes using rope loop 1, and fix the anchors to a sturdy object on the bottom of the water or on the shore, so that the algal bloom control devices are positioned in the water surface area where algae need to be controlled.

[0047] Step 2, Power on and start: Turn on the main switch of the electrical control compartment 10, check the operating status of motor 8, light strip 12, sensor group and communication module, and monitor the shading threshold, supplementary lighting parameters and abnormal protection parameters;

[0048] Step 3, Automatic Shading: When the sunlight is strong and the risk of algal blooms in the water increases, the intelligent control system drives the motor 8 to loosen the traction rope and automatically lower the shading curtain 11. The shading curtain 11 slides smoothly down the slide 3 and unfolds, covering the water surface to shade the water, reduce the light intensity entering the water, and inhibit the excessive reproduction of algae. If the light weakens or the set time period is reached, the intelligent control system drives the motor 8 to lift and retract the shading curtain 11 to restore the water's light and realize dynamic light control management.

[0049] Step 4, Synchronous Supplemental Lighting: When the shading curtain 11 is lowered to block light, the intelligent control system synchronously starts the light strip 12 to provide underwater supplemental lighting; the electrical control chamber 10 determines the start and stop based on preset parameters: when the natural light in the water body is reduced to a preset threshold due to shading or at night, the power supply to the light strip 12 is automatically turned on; the light strip emits light of a selected wavelength to irradiate the water body, providing necessary light for beneficial organisms while interfering with the physiological activities of harmful algae;

[0050] Step 5, Parameter Control: During operation, the intelligent control system adjusts and controls various parameters based on real-time monitoring and preset programs. Users can set key parameters such as the shading intensity threshold, the opening and closing time of the shading curtain 11, and the light intensity and duration of the light strip 12 through the control panel or remote communication. The intelligent control system automatically compares these thresholds with the collected environmental data and adjusts the working status of the shading curtain 11 and the light strip 12 in a timely manner to ensure that the algae control effect is balanced with ecological needs. Environmental data includes light intensity, time, and water quality indicators.

[0051] Step 6, Abnormal Protection: The algae bloom control device is equipped with multiple abnormal detection and protection mechanisms to ensure safe and reliable operation. In the event of severe weather with strong winds and waves, the control system can roll up the sunshade curtain 11 in advance and protect it on top of the aluminum frame 7 to prevent the curtain from being damaged in the wind and waves. At the same time, the algae bloom control device itself relies on the stable structure of the buoyancy sidewall 9 to resist the risk of swaying and overturning. The motor 8 is equipped with overload protection. When the traction rope is stuck or the curtain is raised or lowered to the correct position, the control circuit will detect abnormal current and cut off the motor power in time to prevent the motor from overheating and burning out. The electrical control compartment 10 is equipped with a low voltage protection strategy. When the battery power is too low, the non-critical load of the light strip will be shut down first to ensure that the core control and communication modules continue to work.

[0052] Step 7, Monitoring and Linkage: During the operation of the algal bloom control device, the monitoring unit of the electrical control chamber 10 collects environmental and equipment status data in real time, including light intensity, water temperature, water quality parameters, battery power, and the working status of each component. Water quality parameters include algal concentration and dissolved oxygen. Through the built-in communication module, this data can be wirelessly transmitted to the onshore monitoring center or cloud platform to achieve remote monitoring and data recording. When multiple algal bloom control devices are deployed, they can form an Internet of Things linkage and work together based on the overall algal situation monitoring results: When an algal bloom warning is issued in a certain area, the algal bloom control devices in the relevant areas can receive linkage instructions and simultaneously implement shading or supplemental lighting measures to expand the algal control coverage area.

[0053] Step 8, Maintenance and Management: Regular maintenance ensures the long-term stable operation of the algae bloom control device; maintenance personnel conduct scheduled inspections of the algae bloom control device, clean dust and stains from the surface of the solar panel 4 to maintain charging efficiency, check the sunshade curtain 11 for damage or aging and clean any attached algae or debris to ensure good shading performance and smooth lifting and lowering; the light strip 12 needs to be cleaned of scale and biological deposits to ensure luminous effect, and each LED module is tested to ensure normal operation.

[0054] Preferably, in step 4, the supplemental lighting process is coordinated with the shading action. During the day, specific weak light is provided during shading to maintain ecological needs, while at night, supplemental lighting is provided periodically or continuously to simulate the natural photocycle. As the shading curtain is retracted, the intelligent control system will turn off the light strip 12 to save energy and avoid unnecessary light.

[0055] Preferably, in step 6, each sealed chamber of the algae bloom control device has a waterproof and leak-proof alarm function. Once water ingress or sealing failure is detected, the intelligent control system will issue an alarm and take emergency power-off measures to minimize the damage caused by the failure.

[0056] Preferably, in step 7, the algal bloom control device and the aeration device are integrated into a unified control platform for coordinated operation, forming a comprehensive algal bloom prevention and control system.

[0057] Preferably, in step 8, the charge and lifespan of the battery in the battery compartment 6 are also checked, and batteries with degraded performance are replaced in a timely manner; the waterproof sealing condition and connection lines of the electronic components in the electronic control compartment 10 are checked to prevent moisture corrosion or loosening; during the maintenance process, the self-test information and historical operating data of the algae bloom control device can be obtained through the control panel to determine the status of each component; after repairing or replacing faulty parts, the functions of sunshade and supplemental lighting are retested to ensure that the algae bloom control device is restored to its optimal working state.

[0058] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for controlling algal blooms in shallow lakes and reservoirs based on light and biological manipulation, characterized by, The application relates to an algae control device, which comprises a floating frame, a dynamic sunshade curtain system, an underwater light supplementing lamp strip system and an intelligent control system; the floating frame comprises an aluminum frame (7) and buoyancy side walls (9) arranged on both sides of the aluminum frame (7), the aluminum frame (7) is used for supporting various functional components, the buoyancy side walls (9) are high-density polyethylene hollow sealed structures and are used for providing buoyancy of the algae control device, the dynamic sunshade curtain system comprises a sunshade curtain cloth (11), a motor (8), a pulley (2), a hanging rope ring (1) and a sliding groove (3), the pulley (2) is fixed to the inner side of the buoyancy side wall (9), the hanging rope ring (1) is connected with the lower edge of the sunshade curtain cloth (11) and a traction rope, the traction rope is wound around the pulley (2) and is connected with a winch mechanism of the motor (8); the underwater light supplementing lamp strip system comprises a lamp strip (12) and buckles, the lamp strip (12) is fixed to the bottom of the aluminum frame (7) through the buckles, the intelligent control system comprises an electric control bin (10), a battery bin (6), a solar panel (4) and a sensor group, the solar panel (4) is installed on the top of the aluminum frame (7) and faces the sun, the sensor group comprises an illumination sensor, a water temperature sensor, an algae concentration sensor and a dissolved oxygen sensor, the sensor group is arranged at a position 0.5m underwater of the aluminum frame (7), the solar panel (4) is connected with the battery bin (6) through a power line (5), the battery bin (6), the motor (8), the lamp strip (12) and the sensor group are electrically connected with the electric control bin (10) respectively; the sunshade curtain cloth (11) is a PVC-coated dacron cloth, the motor (8) is a direct-current speed reduction motor with a worm and gear self-locking mechanism, the pulley (2) is prepared from nylon material, and the sliding groove (3) is prepared from ABS engineering plastic; the lamp strip (12) is a waterproof LED lamp strip with a 304 stainless steel shell, the red and blue light wavelengths are 660nm and 450nm respectively, the red and blue light wave ratio is 3:1, and the power of the lamp strip (12) is 10W / m; the lamp strip (12) is immersed underwater and is used for providing an artificial light source for submerged plants; the electric control bin (10) is internally provided with an STM32F103 main control chip, an MPPT charging controller and a communication module and has a protection level of IP68, the battery bin (6) is internally provided with a 12V / 100Ah iron lithium phosphate battery, and the solar panel (4) is prepared from monocrystalline silicon material; the solar panel (4) is connected with the battery bin (6) through the power line (5).

2. A method for controlling algae bloom in a shallow lake or reservoir based on light and biological manipulation, using the device for controlling algae bloom in a shallow lake or reservoir based on light and biological manipulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application further discloses a method for controlling algae, which comprises the following steps: Step 1, on-site deployment: surveying an algae high-occurrence area, assembling the algae control device, connecting an anchoring rope with the hanging rope ring (1) and fixing an anchor on the water bottom or a firm object on the bank side, so that the algae control device is positioned in a water surface area where algae need to be controlled; Step 2, power-on starting: opening a main switch of the electric control bin (10), detecting the running states of the motor (8), the lamp strip (12), the sensor group and the communication module, monitoring sunshade threshold values, light supplementing parameters and abnormal protection parameters; Step 3, Automatic Sunshade: When the sunlight is strong and the risk of water bloom increases, the intelligent control system drives the motor (8) to unwind the traction rope, automatically lowering the sunshade cloth (11); the sunshade cloth (11) smoothly slides along the chute (3) and expands, covering the water surface, forming shade for the water, reducing the light intensity entering the water, and inhibiting the overgrowth of algae; if the light intensity decreases or reaches the set period, the intelligent control system drives the motor (8) to lift and store the sunshade cloth (11), restoring the water area light, and achieving dynamic light management; Step 4, Synchronous Light Supplement: When the sunshade cloth (11) is lowered, the intelligent control system synchronously starts the light strip (12) for underwater light supplement; the electric control warehouse (10) judges start and stop according to preset parameters: when the natural light of the water body decreases to the preset threshold due to shading or at night, the light strip (12) power is automatically turned on; the light strip emits light of selected wavelength to irradiate the water body, providing necessary light for beneficial organisms while interfering with the physiological activities of harmful algae; Step 5, Parameter Control: During operation, the intelligent control system adjusts and controls various parameters according to real-time monitoring and preset programs; users can set key parameters such as sunshade light intensity threshold, sunshade cloth (11) opening and closing time, light strip (12) light intensity and duration through the control panel or remote communication; the intelligent control system automatically compares these thresholds according to the collected environmental data, adjusts the working state of the sunshade cloth (11) and the light strip (12) in time, and ensures that the algae control effect is balanced with ecological needs; environmental data includes illumination, time, and water quality indicators; Step 6, Abnormal Protection: The algae control device is equipped with multiple abnormal detection and protection mechanisms to ensure safe and reliable operation; when encountering severe weather such as strong wind and large waves, the intelligent control system can roll up the sunshade cloth (11) in advance and protect it at the top of the aluminum frame (7), avoiding damage to the cloth in the wind and waves; at the same time, the algae control device itself relies on the stable structure of the buoyancy side wall (9) to resist the risk of rocking and overturning; the motor (8) is equipped with overload protection, when the traction rope is blocked or the cloth is lifted to the position, the control circuit detects current abnormalities and cuts off the motor power in time to prevent the motor from overheating and burning out; the electric control warehouse (10) is equipped with a low-voltage protection strategy, when the battery power is too low, the non-critical load of the light strip is closed first to ensure the continuous work of the core control and communication modules; Step 7, Monitoring Linkage: During the operation of the algae control device, the monitoring unit of the electric control warehouse (10) collects environmental and equipment state data in real time, including illumination, water temperature, water quality parameters, battery power, and the working state of each component, and water quality parameters include algae concentration and dissolved oxygen; through the built-in communication module, these data can be wirelessly transmitted to the shore monitoring center or cloud platform, realizing remote monitoring and data recording; when multiple algae control devices are deployed, they can form an Internet of Things linkage and work cooperatively according to the overall algae monitoring results: when a certain area is algae warning, the algae control devices in related areas can receive linkage instructions and execute shading or light supplement measures at the same time, expanding the algae control coverage. Step 8, maintenance management: Regular maintenance ensures the long-term stable operation of the algae control device; the maintenance personnel will inspect the algae control device according to the plan, clean the surface of the solar panel (4) dust and stains to maintain the charging efficiency, check whether the sunshade cloth (11) is damaged and aged and clean the algae or debris attached to it, ensure that the curtain cloth has good shading performance and smooth lifting; the lamp strip (12) needs to be cleaned of scale and biological attachments to ensure the lighting effect, and the normal operation of each LED module is detected.

3. The method for controlling the algae bloom in the shallow lake based on the light and biological manipulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 4, the light supplement process is matched with the sunshade action, providing specific weak light to maintain the ecological needs during the day, and providing timed or continuous light supplement to simulate the natural light period at night; as the sunshade cloth is retracted, the intelligent control system will turn off the lamp strip (12) to save energy and avoid unnecessary light.

4. The method for controlling algae bloom in a shallow lake or reservoir based on light and biological manipulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 6, each sealed cabin of the algae control device has a waterproof and leak-proof alarm function, and once water is detected or the seal fails, the intelligent control system will issue an alarm and take emergency power-off measures to minimize the loss of failure.

5. The method for controlling the algae bloom in the shallow lake based on the light and biological manipulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 7, the algae control device and the aeration device build a unified control platform to coordinate operation and form a comprehensive algae control system.

6. The light and bio-manipulation based method for controlling shallow lake and reservoir algal bloom according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 8, the battery compartment (6) also checks the battery power and life, and replaces the batteries with degraded performance in a timely manner; Detect the waterproof sealing condition and connection line of the electronic components in the electric control compartment (10) to prevent moisture corrosion or looseness; during maintenance, the algae control device self-checking information and historical operation data can be obtained through the control panel to determine the state of each component; After repairing or replacing the faulty parts, the sunshade and light supplement functions are tested to ensure that the algae control device returns to the best working state.

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