High-torque directional perforating tool for horizontal wells

Abstract

The present application relates to oil and gas field development technical field, it is a kind of big torque horizontal well directional perforating tool, including from top to bottom sequentially installed together upper joint, upper shell, intermediate joint and lower shell.The present application is reasonable and compact, when the fluid displacement in upper joint increases to set value, piston bushing moves downward under the throttling pressure difference of throttle nozzle, piston bushing rotates simultaneously under the action of screw set, when piston bushing moves to set position, make output shaft rotate a certain angle in one direction by driving device, when fluid displacement decreases, piston bushing moves upward and resets, driving device plays reverse locking effect to output shaft, when fluid displacement in upper joint increases to set value again, piston bushing moves downward again, finally make output shaft rotate the same angle on the basis of previous time again by driving device, so reciprocate, until the angle of lance is same with target direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas field development technology, and is a high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool. Background Technology

[0002] Horizontal well reservoir stimulation is a primary method for increasing oil and gas production in my country. With the increasing length of the horizontal section, the difficulty of well trajectory control significantly increases, leading to frequent trajectory fluctuations such as top-side, bottom-side, and top-out occurrences. Conventional balanced perforation methods, when used for reservoir stimulation in such sections, suffer from problems such as the inability to perforate in the planned direction, resulting in ineffective perforation of producing reservoirs, numerous ineffective perforations in non-producing reservoirs, poor reservoir stimulation effects, easy connection to the bottom or caprock, and high fracturing pressure, all of which significantly impact the effectiveness of oil and gas well reservoir stimulation. Directional perforation, on the other hand, can adjust the perforation direction according to reservoir characteristics, effectively perforating the reservoir while avoiding the problems of unintended connection to the bottom or caprock and the formation of ineffective fracture networks in non-producing sections caused by unreasonable perforation direction in conventional balanced perforation. This reduces reservoir fracturing pressure and improves reservoir stimulation effects. Therefore, during directional perforation operations, the accuracy and stability of the directional perforation tool directly affect the final operational results. Currently, most horizontal well directional perforation devices used in the field utilize eccentric structures to achieve horizontal orientation through eccentric calibration. These devices rely solely on the weight of the tool itself for orientation, resulting in low torque. When the force conditions in the horizontal section are complex, the spray gun cannot be rotated as required, making it impossible to achieve stable and precise directional perforation at the target location. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. It can effectively solve the problem that existing horizontal well directional perforation devices have low torque and cannot rotate the spray gun as required when the force conditions in the horizontal section are complex.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool, comprising an upper connector, an upper housing, an intermediate connector, and a lower housing installed sequentially from top to bottom. A hollow piston bushing is fitted inside the upper housing. A throttling nozzle is fixedly installed in the upper connector corresponding to the upper end of the piston bushing, which can cause the piston bushing to move downward when the fluid displacement is greater than a set value. A reset component is provided between the lower end of the piston bushing and the intermediate connector, which can cause the piston bushing to move upward. A screw sleeve is installed in the intermediate connector, which can cause the piston bushing to rotate after it moves downward. An output shaft is rotatably installed on the inner side of the lower end of the lower housing. A spray gun is fixedly installed at the lower end of the output shaft. A drive device is provided in the lower housing, which can cause the output shaft to rotate a certain angle in the same direction after the piston bushing moves downward.

[0005] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned technical solution: The piston bushing has at least one spiral guide groove with an outward opening evenly distributed along the circumference on the upper outer side. The screw sleeve has a guide block that corresponds to the guide groove one by one, and each guide block is slidably installed in the guide groove at the corresponding position.

[0006] The aforementioned drive device may include a drive gear, a gear sleeve, and a one-way rotation locking device. A drive gear is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower part of the piston bushing corresponding to the position below the intermediate joint. A gear sleeve fitted onto the outer side of the lower part of the piston bushing is fixedly installed on the upper end of the output shaft. The drive gear meshes with the inner side of the upper end of the gear sleeve, and the gear sleeve rotates 30 to 60 degrees each time the drive gear moves from the upper end to the lower end. A one-way rotation locking device is provided between the outer side of the lower end of the gear sleeve and the inner side of the lower part of the lower housing. The one-way rotation locking device can lock the gear sleeve each time the drive gear moves upward.

[0007] The aforementioned one-way rotation locking device may include a ratchet, a pawl, and a tension spring. A ratchet is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower end of the toothed sleeve. Several ratchet teeth are evenly distributed around the outer side of the ratchet along the circumference. The lower end of the lower housing is provided with an inwardly opening mounting groove. A pawl is rotatably installed in the mounting groove. A tension spring is installed between the pawl and the inner side of the lower housing, which allows the end of the pawl to be engaged between two adjacent ratchet teeth.

[0008] The height of the aforementioned drive gear is no more than one-eighth of the height of the gear sleeve.

[0009] A limiting ring platform can be fixed to the inner side of the lower end of the aforementioned gear sleeve.

[0010] At least one bearing may be provided at intervals between the outer side of the aforementioned gear sleeve and the inner side of the lower housing.

[0011] A sealing ring platform can be fixed on the outer side of the upper end of the piston bushing. The reset component is a compression spring installed between the lower end of the sealing ring platform and the upper end of the intermediate joint. The outer side of the sealing ring platform is provided with a first sealing groove and a second sealing groove at intervals. A first sealing element is installed in the first sealing groove and a second sealing element is installed in the second sealing groove.

[0012] This invention features a reasonable and compact structure. By incorporating an upper connector, it can connect to a tool string and also accommodate a throttling nozzle, thus limiting the initial position of the piston bushing. The throttling nozzle allows for adjustment and control of the fluid pressure, mitigating the hazards of abnormal pressure. When the fluid flow rate in the upper connector increases to a set value, the piston bushing moves downwards under the throttling pressure difference of the nozzle. Simultaneously, the piston bushing rotates under the action of the screw sleeve. When the piston bushing moves downwards to the set position, the drive device causes the output shaft to rotate a certain angle in one direction. When the fluid flow rate decreases, the drive device locks the output shaft in the opposite direction during the piston bushing's upward repositioning process, preventing the output shaft from rotating in the opposite direction with the piston bushing. When the fluid flow rate in the upper connector increases to the set value again, the piston bushing moves downwards again. Finally, the drive device causes the output shaft to rotate by the same angle as before. This process repeats until the spray gun angle is aligned with the target direction, at which point perforation begins. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Appendix Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the main cross-sectional structure of embodiments one to eight of the present invention.

[0014] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the piston bushing in Embodiments 1 to 8 of the present invention.

[0015] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 1 A top-view enlarged cross-sectional structural diagram of the middle gear sleeve.

[0016] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 is the upper connector, 2 is the upper housing, 3 is the intermediate connector, 4 is the lower housing, 5 is the piston bushing, 6 is the throttling nozzle, 7 is the screw sleeve, 8 is the output shaft, 9 is the spray gun, 10 is the guide groove, 11 is the guide block, 12 is the drive gear, 13 is the gear sleeve, 14 is the ratchet, 15 is the ratchet tooth, 16 is the pawl, 17 is the tension spring, 18 is the mounting groove, 19 is the limiting ring platform, 20 is the bearing, 21 is the sealing ring platform, 22 is the first seal, 23 is the second seal, 24 is the first sealing ring groove, 25 is the second sealing ring groove, and 26 is the reset assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0018] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc. The positional relationships are determined based on the layout direction of the attached diagram in the instruction manual.

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool includes an upper connector 1, an upper housing 2, an intermediate connector 3, and a lower housing 4, which are installed together from top to bottom. A hollow piston bushing 5 is fitted inside the upper housing 2. A throttling nozzle 6 is fixedly installed in the upper connector 1 corresponding to the upper end of the piston bushing 5, which can cause the piston bushing 5 to move downward when the fluid displacement is greater than a set value. A reset component 26 is provided between the lower end of the piston bushing 5 and the intermediate connector 3, which can cause the piston bushing 5 to move upward. A screw sleeve 7 is installed in the intermediate connector 3, which can cause the piston bushing 5 to rotate after it moves downward. An output shaft 8 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the lower end of the lower housing 4. A spray gun 9 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the output shaft 8. A drive device is provided in the lower housing 4, which can cause the output shaft 8 to rotate a certain angle in the same direction after the piston bushing 5 moves downward.

[0020] As required, both the inner side of the piston bushing 5 and the inner side of the upper housing 2 are provided with a hardened wear-resistant layer. The hardened wear-resistant layer on the inner side of the piston bushing 5 facilitates sandblasting operations and avoids the risk of erosion and sand jamming caused by sandblasting fluid to the tool cavity. The hardened wear-resistant layer on the inner side of the upper housing 2 can reduce the wear on the inner wall of the upper housing 2 when the piston bushing 5 moves up and down.

[0021] During use, by setting the upper connector 1, it can be connected to the tool string and also install the throttling nozzle 6, thereby limiting the initial state of the piston bushing 5. By setting the throttling nozzle 6, the fluid pressure can be adjusted and controlled to avoid the hazards caused by abnormal pressure. When the fluid discharge in the upper connector 1 increases to the set value, the pressure increases after the fluid flows through the throttling nozzle 6 with a smaller inner diameter. That is, the piston bushing 5 moves downward under the throttling pressure difference of the throttling nozzle 6. Under the action of the screw fixed sleeve 7, the piston bushing 5 rotates simultaneously (that is, the piston bushing 5 performs a helical motion). When the piston bushing 5 moves downward to the set position... The drive device causes the output shaft 8 to rotate a certain angle in one direction. When the fluid discharge decreases, the piston bushing 5 begins to move upward under the action of the reset component 26. During the upward movement and reset of the piston bushing 5, the drive device plays a reverse locking role on the output shaft 8 to prevent the output shaft 8 from rotating in the opposite direction with the piston bushing 5. When the fluid discharge in the upper connector 1 increases to the set value again, the piston bushing 5 moves downward again. Finally, the drive device causes the output shaft 8 to rotate the same angle again based on the previous one. This process is repeated until the angle of the spray gun 9 is the same as the target direction and then the perforation operation begins.

[0022] The aforementioned high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tools can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs: Example 2: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1, 2 As shown, at least one spiral guide groove 10 with an outward opening is evenly distributed along the circumference on the upper outer side of the piston bushing 5. A guide block 11 corresponding to the guide groove 10 is fixed inside the screw sleeve 7. Each guide block 11 is slidably installed in the guide groove 10 at the corresponding position.

[0023] During use, with this setting, the piston bushing 5 moves downward under the throttling pressure difference of the throttling nozzle 6. When the piston bushing 5 moves downward, the guide block 11 slides relative to the guide groove 10, causing the piston bushing 5 to start rotating at the same time as it moves downward. After the piston bushing 5 moves downward, it is connected to the output shaft 8 through the drive device, thereby driving the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9 to rotate, and finally changing the angle of the spray gun 9 so that the angle of the spray gun 9 is the same as the set angle.

[0024] Example 3: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the drive device includes a drive gear 12, a gear sleeve 13, and a one-way rotation locking device. The drive gear 12 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower part of the piston bushing 5 corresponding to the position below the intermediate joint 3. The gear sleeve 13, which is fitted onto the outer side of the lower part of the piston bushing 5, is fixedly installed on the upper end of the output shaft 8. The drive gear 12 meshes with the inner side of the upper end of the gear sleeve 13. Each time the drive gear 12 moves from the upper end to the lower end of the gear sleeve 13, the gear sleeve 13 rotates 30 to 60 degrees. A one-way rotation locking device is provided between the outer side of the lower end of the gear sleeve 13 and the inner side of the lower part of the lower housing 4. The one-way rotation locking device can lock the gear sleeve 13 each time the drive gear 12 moves upward.

[0025] According to the requirements, the teeth on the drive gear 12 and the gear sleeve 13 are all helical teeth, and the direction of the helical teeth is consistent with the direction of the guide groove 10. This facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the drive gear 12 and the gear sleeve 13. The helical tooth design also facilitates the drive gear 12 to move downward and mesh with the gear sleeve 13, thereby enabling the output shaft 8 to drive the spray gun 9 to rotate.

[0026] The one-way rotation locking device enables the drive gear 12 to lock the sleeve 13 each time it moves upward. The one-way rotation locking device has a one-way rotation and reverse locking function. Specifically, each time the piston bushing 5 completes one stroke (moving downward to its lowest point under the throttling pressure difference of the throttling nozzle 6), the drive gear 12 moves from the inner side of the upper end to the inner side of the lower end of the sleeve 13, causing the sleeve 13, output shaft 8, and spray gun 9 to rotate 45 degrees clockwise once. At this time, the one-way rotation locking device locks the output shaft 8. Thus, when the displacement decreases, the piston bushing 5, under the action of the reset component 26, moves upward, preventing the sleeve 13 and output shaft 8 from rotating in opposite directions. Ultimately, the drive gear 12 separates from the sleeve 13. After returning to the initial position, when the displacement increases to the set value again, the piston bushing 5 moves downward to the lowest point under the throttling pressure difference of the throttling nozzle 6, causing the drive gear 12 to move from the inner side of the upper end to the inner side of the lower end of the gear sleeve 13, which again drives the gear sleeve 13, the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9 to rotate 45 degrees clockwise. In this way, through the reciprocating motion of the piston bushing 5, the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9 always rotate in the same direction. In this embodiment, the spray gun 9 always rotates in the clockwise direction. After the spray gun 9 rotates 45 degrees, it is locked by the one-way rotation locking device, which can lock the spray gun 9 nozzle surface at a fixed angle to achieve precise and stable orientation. The piston bushing 5 moves up and down repeatedly to adjust the angle of the spray gun 9.

[0027] Example 4: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the one-way rotation locking device includes a ratchet 14, a pawl 16, and a tension spring 17. The ratchet 14 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower end of the toothed sleeve 13. A number of ratchet teeth 15 are evenly distributed around the outer side of the ratchet 14. The lower end of the lower housing 4 is provided with an inwardly opening mounting groove 18. The pawl 16 is rotatably installed in the mounting groove 18. A tension spring 17 is installed between the pawl 16 and the inner side of the lower housing 4, which allows the end of the pawl 16 to be engaged between two adjacent ratchet teeth 15.

[0028] According to the requirements, the one-way rotary locking device is a known technology. The ratchet 15 is located in the mounting groove 18. After the ratchet 15 contacts the upper inner wall of the mounting groove 18, it can suspend the gear sleeve 13, the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9. During use, the one-way rotary locking device has a one-way clockwise rotation and counterclockwise locking function. When the piston bushing 5 moves downward, the drive gear 12 drives the gear sleeve 13, the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9 to rotate 45 degrees clockwise and then lock. During the piston bushing 5 reset (moving upward to the initial position), the tension spring 17 makes the pawl 16 engage with the ratchet 15, so that the gear sleeve 13, the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9 are in the locked state. At this time, the drive gear 12 can rotate in the opposite direction and return to the original position. When the displacement increases to the set value next time, the piston bushing 5 moves downward again, and the drive gear 12 drives the gear sleeve 13, the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9 to rotate 45 degrees clockwise and then lock.

[0029] Example 5: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the height of the drive gear 12 is no more than one-eighth of the height of the gear sleeve 13.

[0030] As required, the height of the drive gear 12 is one-eighth the height of the gear sleeve 13, meaning the distance between the lower end of the drive gear ring and the upper end of the piston bushing 5 is eight times the height of the drive gear 12. During use, this configuration ensures that when the piston bushing 5 moves from its initial position to its lowest point, the drive gear 12 moves within the gear sleeve 13 and drives the gear sleeve 13 to rotate 45 degrees clockwise.

[0031] As the piston bushing 5 completes its downward movement in a full stroke, the drive gear 12 reaches the set position and meshes with the gear sleeve 13, rotating 45 degrees. When the pressure fluctuation during operation is less than the design value, the piston bushing 5 will not move downward, causing the drive gear ring and the output shaft 8 gear sleeve 13 to separate, thus ensuring the positioning effect of the spray gun 9.

[0032] Example 6: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 , 3 As shown, a limiting ring platform 19 is fixed on the inner side of the lower end of the toothed sleeve 13.

[0033] Depending on the requirements, the limiting ring platform 19 can also be set on the lower inner side of the upper housing 2 below the sealing ring platform 21. During use, by setting the limiting ring platform 19, the driving gear 12 can play a limiting role when it moves downward with the piston bushing 5, preventing the driving gear 12 from separating from the gear sleeve 13.

[0034] Example 7: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 As shown, at least one bearing 20 is provided at vertical intervals on the outer side of the gear sleeve 13 and the inner side of the lower housing 4.

[0035] As required, bearings 20 are existing known technology, and all bearings 20 are positioned above the ratchet 14. During use, this arrangement allows for more flexible rotation of the output shaft 8. By changing the fluid pressure, the piston bushing 5 moves downward, enabling the output shaft 8 to rotate flexibly, thus allowing for flexible adjustment of the spray gun 9's angle.

[0036] Example 8: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a sealing ring platform 21 is fixed on the outer side of the upper end of the piston bushing 5. The reset assembly 26 is a compression spring installed between the lower end of the sealing ring platform 21 and the upper end of the intermediate joint 3. The outer side of the sealing ring platform 21 is provided with a first sealing groove and a second sealing groove at intervals. A first sealing element 22 is installed in the first sealing groove, and a second sealing element 23 is installed in the second sealing groove.

[0037] According to requirements, the first sealing element 22 installed in the first sealing groove is a metal ring seal, and the second sealing element 23 installed in the second sealing groove is an O-ring seal. The specifications of the compression spring can be adjusted and replaced as needed to expand the applicable range. During use, this setting allows the device to withstand the perforation pressure and prevents perforation sand from entering the lower end of the sealing ring platform 21. After the fluid discharge in the throttling nozzle 6 increases to the set value, the upper end of the piston bushing 5 moves downward under the throttling pressure difference of the throttling nozzle 6, causing the compression spring to be compressed by the sealing ring platform 21. After the pump stops, the discharge in the throttling nozzle 6 decreases, and the piston bushing 5 moves upward to the initial position under the action of the compression spring. The lower end of the compression spring contacts the upper end of the intermediate joint 3, which can limit the sealing ring platform 21 when it moves downward to the lower dead point (the lower end of the drive gear 12 approaches the upper end of the limiting ring platform 19).

[0038] The high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool developed in this invention achieves high-torque steering of the spray gun 9 through gear transmission, solving the problem that the spray gun 9 cannot be rotated controllably in horizontal well directional perforation operations. It can rotate and lock the spray gun 9 as required when the force conditions in the horizontal section are complex, so as to achieve stable and accurate directional perforation in the target direction.

[0039] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

[0040] The preferred embodiment of the present invention describes the method of using a high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool, comprising the following steps: The first step is to select the reset assembly 26 (compression spring) and the throttle nozzle 6 according to the design requirements before entering the well, and then assemble the high torque horizontal well directional perforation tool. The second step is to connect the upper connector 1 to the tool string and lower it into the well so that the spray gun 9 reaches the target position. The third step is that the ground equipment pump injects perforating fluid into the tool string. After the perforating fluid discharge reaches the set value, the piston bushing 5 begins to move downward. In the fourth step, after the piston bushing 5 moves downward, the drive gear 12 meshes with the gear sleeve 13 and drives the gear sleeve 13, the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9 to rotate 45 degrees clockwise. Fifth step, control the ground equipment pump to reduce the perforation fluid discharge. The piston bushing 5 moves upward and resets under the action of the reset component 26. During the upward movement and rotation of the gear sleeve 13, the tension spring 17 of the one-way rotation locking device makes the pawl 16 and the ratchet 15 engage with each other, locking the gear sleeve 13, the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9. The gear sleeve 13, the output shaft 8 and the spray gun 9 no longer rotate. Step 6: Repeat steps 3 to 5, rotating the spray gun 9 45 degrees clockwise again until the spray gun 9 is aligned with the target direction, then begin the perforation operation.

Claims

1. A high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool, characterized in that... The device comprises an upper connector, an upper housing, an intermediate connector, and a lower housing, which are installed together from top to bottom. A hollow piston bushing is fitted inside the upper housing. A throttling nozzle is fixedly installed in the upper connector at the upper end of the piston bushing, which can cause the piston bushing to move downward when the fluid displacement is greater than a set value. A reset component is provided between the lower end of the piston bushing and the intermediate connector, which can cause the piston bushing to move upward. A screw sleeve is installed in the intermediate connector, which can cause the piston bushing to rotate after it moves downward. An output shaft is rotatably installed on the inner side of the lower end of the lower housing. A spray gun is fixedly installed at the lower end of the output shaft. A drive device is provided in the lower housing, which can cause the output shaft to rotate a certain angle in the same direction after the piston bushing moves downward. The piston bushing has at least one spiral guide groove with an outward opening evenly distributed along the circumference on the upper outer side. The screw fixed sleeve has a guide block that corresponds to the guide groove one by one. Each guide block is slidably installed in the guide groove at the corresponding position. The drive device includes a drive gear, a gear sleeve, and a one-way rotation locking device. The drive gear is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower part of the piston bushing corresponding to the position below the intermediate joint. The gear sleeve is fixedly installed on the upper end of the output shaft and fitted onto the outer side of the lower part of the piston bushing. The drive gear meshes with the inner side of the upper end of the gear sleeve, and the gear sleeve rotates 30 to 60 degrees each time the drive gear moves from the upper end to the lower end. A one-way rotation locking device is provided between the outer side of the lower end of the gear sleeve and the inner side of the lower part of the lower housing. The one-way rotation locking device can lock the gear sleeve each time the drive gear moves upward. The one-way rotary locking device includes a ratchet, a pawl, and a tension spring. A ratchet is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower end of the toothed sleeve. Several ratchet teeth are evenly distributed around the outer side of the ratchet along the circumference. The lower end of the lower housing is provided with an inwardly opening mounting groove. A pawl is rotatably installed in the mounting groove. A tension spring is installed between the pawl and the inner side of the lower housing, which allows the end of the pawl to be engaged between two adjacent ratchet teeth. A sealing ring platform is fixed on the outer side of the upper end of the piston bushing. The reset assembly is a compression spring installed between the lower end of the sealing ring platform and the upper end of the intermediate joint. The outer side of the sealing ring platform is provided with a first sealing groove and a second sealing groove at intervals. A first sealing element is installed in the first sealing groove and a second sealing element is installed in the second sealing groove. The method for using high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tools includes the following steps: The first step is to select the reset components and choke nozzles according to the design requirements before well entry operations, and then assemble the high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool. The second step is to connect the upper connector to the tool string and lower it into the well so that the spray gun reaches the target position; The third step involves the ground equipment pump injecting perforating fluid into the tool string. Once the perforating fluid discharge reaches the set value, the piston bushing begins to move downwards. Fourth step: After the piston bushing moves downward, the drive gear meshes with the gear sleeve and drives the gear sleeve, output shaft and spray gun to rotate 45 degrees clockwise. Fifth step, control the ground equipment pump to reduce the perforation fluid discharge. The piston bushing moves upward and resets under the action of the reset component. During the upward movement and rotation of the gear sleeve, the tension spring of the one-way rotation locking device makes the pawl and ratchet engage with each other, locking the gear sleeve, output shaft and spray gun. The gear sleeve, output shaft and spray gun no longer rotate. Step 6: Repeat steps 3 to 5, rotating the spray gun 45 degrees clockwise again until the spray gun is aligned with the target direction, then begin the perforation operation.

2. The high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that... The height of the drive gear should not exceed one-eighth of the height of the gear sleeve.

3. The high-torque horizontal well directional perforation tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... A limiting ring is fixed on the inner side of the lower end of the gear sleeve; or / and, at least one bearing is provided at vertical intervals between the outer side of the gear sleeve and the inner side of the lower housing.

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