Development of three-dimensional visual model of different types of horizontal wells in complex reservoirs with multiple sets

Abstract

The utility model relates to a development multiple complex oil layer different type horizontal well three -dimensional visual model relates to teaching mould technical field, concretely relates to a development multiple complex oil layer different type horizontal well three -dimensional visual model, including high angle analog well and arc horizontal analog well and oil layer group analog layer, its characterized in that, oil layer group analog layer setting is two, is oil layer group analog layer and lower oil layer group analog layer respectively, oil layer group analog layer and lower oil layer group analog layer overlap setting, crack analog piece is set up in oil layer group analog layer, the utility model discloses simple structure, easy to make, the display effect is obvious, solved the problem that the existing teaching mould can not directly observe high angle analog well and arc horizontal analog well in stratum threading, can directly and visually show high angle analog well and arc horizontal analog well in stratum threading trajectory and its contact situation with horizontal seam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of teaching mold technology, specifically to a three-dimensional visual model of horizontal wells of different types with multiple complex oil layers. Background Technology

[0002] Both bow-shaped wells and highly deviated wells can simultaneously encounter multiple oil-bearing layers vertically. However, their applicable conditions differ. Bow-shaped wells are suitable for oil-bearing layers with continuity and a certain thickness, especially in shallow reservoirs with multiple horizontal fractures. Bow-shaped wells can effectively solve problems that conventional horizontal wells cannot address, increasing the well's drainage area. Highly deviated wells, on the other hand, have no particular requirements for the continuity and thickness of the oil-bearing layers. Especially in thin oil-bearing layers with poor continuity and in interbedded sandstone and mudstone layers, highly deviated wells can increase the wellbore length within the reservoir, expand the drainage area, and improve recovery rates.

[0003] Therefore, bow-shaped wells and highly deviated wells have been rapidly adopted for the efficient development of low-permeability horizontally fractured reservoirs. However, current literature shows that the descriptions of the applicable conditions for bow-shaped wells and highly deviated wells are rather abstract, and the diagrams showing their three-dimensional development are all two-dimensional. This makes it difficult to understand the functions of bow-shaped wells and highly deviated wells in developing low-permeability horizontally fractured reservoirs with multiple complex oil layers, improving reserve utilization, and increasing single-well production. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a three-dimensional visual model of horizontal wells of different types that develop multiple complex oil layers. This model solves the problem that existing teaching models cannot directly observe the movement of bow-shaped wells and highly deviated wells through the formation. It can intuitively and vividly demonstrate the movement trajectory of bow-shaped wells and highly deviated wells through the formation and their contact with horizontal fractures. It also allows observation of the longitudinal position of bow-shaped well sections and highly deviated well sections within the formation of multiple complex oil layers.

[0005] This utility model provides a three-dimensional visual model of horizontal wells of different types with multiple complex oil layers, including a high-angle simulated well, an arc-shaped horizontal simulated well, and an oil layer group simulated layer. The oil layer group simulated layer is set as two layers, namely an upper oil layer group simulated layer and a lower oil layer group simulated layer, which are stacked vertically.

[0006] Each of the simulated oil layer groups contains a crack simulation plate.

[0007] A simulated surface loess layer is set above the simulated upper oil layer group, and a simulated derrick is set on the simulated surface loess layer.

[0008] One end of the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well emerges from the ground loess layer and is located at the bottom of the derrick. The other end of the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well extends vertically downward to the upper oil layer group simulated layer and passes through the upper oil layer group simulated layer. The bow-shaped horizontal simulated well penetrates the fracture simulated sheet located in the upper oil layer group simulated layer.

[0009] One end of the high-angle simulated well emerges from the loess layer on the ground and is located at the bottom of the derrick. The other end of the high-angle simulated well extends vertically downward to the lower oil layer group simulated layer and passes through the lower oil layer group simulated layer. The high-angle simulated well penetrates the fracture simulated sheet located in the lower oil layer group simulated layer.

[0010] Preferably, both the upper oil layer group simulation layer and the lower oil layer group simulation layer include three oil layer simulation layers that are stacked sequentially from top to bottom, namely the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer and the lower oil layer simulation layer;

[0011] Two crack simulation plates are set in the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer and the lower oil layer simulation layer of the upper oil layer group simulation layer;

[0012] Each of the upper oil layer simulation layer, middle oil layer simulation layer and lower oil layer simulation layer of the lower oil layer group simulation layer is equipped with a crack simulation plate;

[0013] The upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer, and the lower oil layer simulation layer are all made of transparent gel.

[0014] Preferably, in the upper oil layer simulation layer, middle oil layer simulation layer and lower oil layer simulation layer of the upper oil layer group simulation layer, two fracture simulation pieces located in the same oil layer simulation layer are at the same height and are located on the left and right sides of the oil layer simulation layer respectively.

[0015] The bow-shaped horizontal simulated well penetrates the upper oil layer simulated layer at one end, successively passing through the fracture simulated piece on the left side of the upper oil layer simulated layer, the fracture simulated piece on the left side of the middle oil layer simulated layer, and the fracture simulated piece on the left side of the lower oil layer simulated layer. After bending and changing direction, it then successively passes through the fracture simulated piece on the right side of the lower oil layer simulated layer, the fracture simulated piece on the right side of the middle oil layer simulated layer, and the fracture simulated piece on the right side of the upper oil layer simulated layer.

[0016] Preferably, in the lower oil layer group simulation layer, the fracture simulation piece set in the upper oil layer simulation layer is located on the side of the upper oil layer simulation layer closer to the simulated derrick.

[0017] The fracture simulation piece set in the lower oil layer simulation layer is located on the side of the lower oil layer simulation layer away from the simulated derrick;

[0018] The fracture simulation piece set in the intermediate oil layer simulation layer is located in the intermediate oil layer simulation layer between the fracture simulation pieces in the upper oil layer simulation layer and the lower oil layer simulation layer;

[0019] The upper, middle, and lower oil layer simulation layers in the lower oil layer group simulation layer each have a section of oil layer simulation layer made of colored transparent gel, and the fracture simulation sheet is located in the oil layer simulation layer section made of colored transparent gel.

[0020] Preferably, the high-angle simulated wells and the bow-shaped horizontal simulated wells are arranged along the Y-axis in the surface loess layer simulated layer, and the bow-shaped horizontal simulated wells and the high-angle simulated wells are respectively arranged along the X-axis in the upper oil layer group simulated layer and the lower oil layer group simulated layer.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes a transparent box, and both the upper oil layer group simulation layer and the lower oil layer group simulation layer are filled and disposed in the transparent box.

[0022] Preferably, a separator made of colorless and transparent gel is filled between the upper oil layer group simulation layer and the lower oil layer group simulation layer.

[0023] This utility model has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has a significant demonstration effect. It solves the problem that existing teaching models cannot directly observe the movement of highly deviated simulated wells and bow-shaped horizontal simulated wells through the formation. It can intuitively and vividly display the movement trajectory of highly deviated simulated wells and bow-shaped horizontal simulated wells through the formation and their contact with horizontal fractures. It can observe the vertical position of bow-shaped well sections and highly deviated well sections in formations with multiple complex oil-bearing layers. It can provide a very good teaching model for technicians who are researching and developing ultra-low permeability reservoirs. It is a three-dimensional visual model that can help technicians formulate high-quality and efficient production plans for horizontal well combinations. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the wellhead layout of simulated wells with medium to high inclination and bow-shaped horizontal simulated wells.

[0026] Figure labels: 1-Upper oil layer group simulation layer, 2-Arch-shaped horizontal simulation well, 3-Surface loess layer simulation layer, 4-Simulated derrick, 5-Upper oil layer simulation layer, 6-Middle oil layer simulation layer, 7-Lower oil layer simulation layer, 8-Fractured simulation piece, 9-Highly deviated simulation well, 10-Lower oil layer group simulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This utility model provides a three-dimensional visual model of horizontal wells of different types with multiple complex oil layers, including a high-angle simulated well 9, an arc-shaped horizontal simulated well 2, and an oil layer group simulated layer. The oil layer group simulated layer is set as two layers, namely an upper oil layer group simulated layer 1 and a lower oil layer group simulated layer 10, which are arranged to overlap vertically.

[0028] Each of the simulated oil layer groups is equipped with a crack simulation plate 8;

[0029] Above the simulated oil layer group 1, a simulated ground loess layer 3 is provided, and a simulated derrick 4 is provided on the simulated ground loess layer 3;

[0030] One end of the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2 emerges from the ground loess layer and is located at the bottom of the derrick. The other end of the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2 extends vertically downward to the upper oil layer group simulated layer 1 and passes through the upper oil layer group simulated layer 1. The bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2 also passes through the fracture simulated piece 8 located in the upper oil layer group simulated layer 1.

[0031] One end of the highly deviated simulated well 9 emerges from the loess layer on the ground and is located at the bottom of the derrick. The other end of the highly deviated simulated well 9 extends vertically downward to the lower oil layer group simulated layer 10 and is set in the lower oil layer group simulated layer 10. The highly deviated simulated well 9 penetrates the fracture simulated piece 8 located in the lower oil layer group simulated layer 10.

[0032] In one embodiment, both the upper oil layer group simulation layer 1 and the lower oil layer group simulation layer 10 include three oil layer simulation layers that are stacked sequentially from top to bottom, namely the upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6 and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7.

[0033] Two crack simulation plates 8 are set in the upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6 and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 of the upper oil layer group simulation layer 1.

[0034] A crack simulation piece 8 is provided in the upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6 and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 of the lower oil layer group simulation layer 10.

[0035] The upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6, and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 are all made of transparent gel.

[0036] In one embodiment, in the upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6 and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 of the upper oil layer group simulation layer 1, two fracture simulation pieces 8 located in the same oil layer simulation layer are at the same height and are located on the left and right sides of the oil layer simulation layer respectively.

[0037] The bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2 penetrates one end of the upper oil layer simulated layer 1, successively passing through the fracture simulated piece 8 on the left side of the upper oil layer simulated layer 5, the fracture simulated piece 8 on the left side of the middle oil layer simulated layer 6, and the fracture simulated piece 8 on the left side of the lower oil layer simulated layer 7. After bending and changing direction, it successively passes through the fracture simulated piece 8 on the right side of the lower oil layer simulated layer 7, the fracture simulated piece 8 on the right side of the middle oil layer simulated layer 6, and the fracture simulated piece 8 on the right side of the upper oil layer simulated layer 5.

[0038] In one embodiment, in the lower oil layer group simulation layer 10, the fracture simulation piece 8 disposed in the upper oil layer simulation layer 5 is located on the side of the upper oil layer simulation layer 5 closer to the simulation derrick 4.

[0039] The fracture simulation piece 8, which is set in the lower oil layer simulation layer 7, is located on the side of the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 away from the simulation derrick 4;

[0040] The fracture simulation piece 8 set in the intermediate oil layer simulation layer 6 is located in the intermediate oil layer simulation layer 6 between the fracture simulation pieces 8 in the upper oil layer simulation layer 5 and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7.

[0041] In the lower oil layer group simulation layer 10, the upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6, and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 each have a section of oil layer simulation layer made of colored transparent gel, and the crack simulation sheet 8 is located in the oil layer simulation layer section made of colored transparent gel.

[0042] In one embodiment, the high-angle simulated well 9 and the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2 are arranged along the Y-axis in the surface loess layer simulated layer 3, and the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2 and the high-angle simulated well 9 are respectively arranged along the X-axis in the upper oil layer group simulated layer 1 and the lower oil layer group simulated layer 10.

[0043] When in use, the steep incline simulation well 9 and the bow-shaped horizontal simulation well 2 are made of copper or iron wire with sufficient hardness, so that after the installation of this utility model, the simulation well frame 4 and the ground loess layer simulation layer 3 supported by the steep incline simulation well 9 and the bow-shaped horizontal simulation well 2 will not tilt. Other measures can also be taken to ensure the strength of this utility model, such as placing this utility model in a box and fixing it.

[0044] It also includes a transparent box, in which the upper oil layer group simulation layer 1 and the lower oil layer group simulation layer 10 are both filled and disposed.

[0045] A colorless and transparent gel separator is placed between the upper oil layer group simulation layer 1 and the lower oil layer group simulation layer 10.

[0046] Model making process

[0047] Step 1: Make a transparent box with a length of 40cm, a width of 20cm, and a height of 27cm using transparent plastic sheets.

[0048] Step 2: Use red copper wire to make an arc-shaped horizontal simulated well 2, denoted as arc-shaped well A. The radius of the wellhead of arc-shaped well A is set to 0.5cm, the length of the straight section is 20cm, the length of the arc section is 30cm, and the vertical height is 11cm.

[0049] Step 3: Use purple copper wire to make a simulated high-angle well 9, denoted as high-angle well B. The wellhead radius of high-angle well B is set to 0.5cm, the length of the vertical section is 37cm, the length of the high-angle section is 30cm, and the vertical height is 10cm.

[0050] Step 4: Use a sky blue eraser to cut an oval-shaped disc, with a major axis radius of 4cm, a minor axis radius of 3cm, and a thickness of 0.5cm. Prepare 9 such colored eraser discs as simulated cracks.

[0051] Step 5: Pass the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2 through the middle of the simulated fracture, and insert a simulated fracture at a vertical height of 30cm, 26cm and 22cm from the top of the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2, so that the simulated fractures are distributed in the bow-shaped section of the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2, and the two simulated fractures in the same oil layer are symmetrically distributed.

[0052] Step 6: Pass the high-angle simulated well 9 through the middle of the simulated fracture, and insert a simulated fracture at a vertical height of 46cm, 43cm and 39cm from the top of the high-angle simulated well 9, so that the simulated fractures are distributed in the high-angle section of the high-angle simulated well 9 and located at the position of the corresponding oil layer simulated layer.

[0053] Step 7: Use a tan eraser to create a simulated loess layer 3 on the ground, with a thickness of 2cm and a top and bottom surface of 10*10cm cuboid. Drill a hole A with a radius of 0.5cm and a depth of 1cm at the center line of the bottom surface of the cuboid, 3.75cm from the edge. Then drill a second hole B with a radius of 0.5cm and a depth of 1cm at a 0.5cm interval.

[0054] Step 8: Fix the top of the high-angle simulation well 9, i.e., the high-angle well B, into the hole corresponding to the name of the ground loess layer simulation layer 3. The direction of the high-angle section of the high-angle simulation well 9 is east-west.

[0055] Step 9: Measure 10cm from the bottom of the transparent plastic box upwards to serve as the lower oil layer simulation layer 10 in the model diagram. Divide the lower oil layer simulation layer 10 into 3 layers: upper oil layer simulation layer 5, middle oil layer simulation layer 6, and lower oil layer simulation layer 7. Pour different colored transparent gels from bottom to top. Use a 20*2cm transparent plastic sheet to divide the transparent plastic box into two parts, left and right. The left side is 13cm long and filled with 2cm thick colorless transparent gel, while the right side is 27cm long and filled with 2cm thick pink transparent gel, forming the lower oil layer simulation layer 7.

[0056] After the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 gel solidifies, use two 20*4cm transparent plastic sheets to divide the transparent plastic box into three parts: left, middle, and right. The left side is 9cm long and filled with 4cm thick colorless transparent gel, the middle side is 17cm long and filled with 4cm thick orange transparent gel, and the right side is 14cm long and filled with 4cm thick colorless transparent gel, forming the middle oil layer simulation layer 6.

[0057] After the gel of the middle oil layer simulation layer 6 solidifies, the transparent plastic box is divided into two parts, left and right, by a 20*4cm transparent plastic sheet. The left side is 15cm long and filled with 4cm thick pink transparent gel, and the right side is 25cm long and filled with 4cm thick colorless transparent gel, forming the upper oil layer simulation layer 5.

[0058] Step 10: After all the transparent gels in the lower oil layer group simulated layer 10 have solidified, inject a 5cm thick layer of colorless transparent gel into the transparent plastic box as a separator layer.

[0059] Step 11: Fix the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well 2 according to the method in step 8.

[0060] Step 12: After the colorless transparent gel in step 10 has solidified, create the upper oil layer simulation layer 1. Divide the upper oil layer simulation layer 1 into 3 layers: upper oil layer simulation layer 5, middle oil layer simulation layer 6, and lower oil layer simulation layer 7. Pour different colored transparent gels from bottom to top. The bottom layer is filled with a 4cm thick layer of pink transparent gel as the lower oil layer simulation layer 7. After the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 gel has solidified, fill it with a 4cm thick layer of orange transparent gel as the middle oil layer simulation layer 6. After the middle oil layer simulation layer 6 gel has solidified, fill it with a 4cm thick layer of pink transparent gel as the upper oil layer simulation layer 5.

[0061] Step 13: Use red copper wire to form a well frame shape and fix it at the center point of the top surface of simulated layer 3 of the loess layer on the ground.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of complex oil-bearing formations and different types of horizontal wells, including highly deviated simulated wells, bow-shaped horizontal simulated wells, and simulated oil-bearing formations, characterized in that, The oil layer group simulation layer is set to two layers, namely the upper oil layer group simulation layer and the lower oil layer group simulation layer, which are stacked vertically. Each of the simulated oil layer groups contains a crack simulation plate. A simulated surface loess layer is set above the simulated upper oil layer group, and a simulated derrick is set on the simulated surface loess layer. One end of the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well emerges from the ground loess layer and is located at the bottom of the derrick. The other end of the bow-shaped horizontal simulated well extends vertically downward to the upper oil layer group simulated layer and passes through the upper oil layer group simulated layer. The bow-shaped horizontal simulated well penetrates the fracture simulated sheet located in the upper oil layer group simulated layer. One end of the high-angle simulated well emerges from the loess layer on the ground and is located at the bottom of the derrick. The other end of the high-angle simulated well extends vertically downward to the lower oil layer group simulated layer and passes through the lower oil layer group simulated layer. The high-angle simulated well penetrates the fracture simulated sheet located in the lower oil layer group simulated layer.

2. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of complex oil-bearing formations and different types of horizontal wells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper oil layer group simulation layer and the lower oil layer group simulation layer each include three oil layer simulation layers that are stacked sequentially from top to bottom, namely the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer and the lower oil layer simulation layer; Two crack simulation plates are set in the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer and the lower oil layer simulation layer of the upper oil layer group simulation layer; Each of the upper oil layer simulation layer, middle oil layer simulation layer and lower oil layer simulation layer of the lower oil layer group simulation layer is equipped with a crack simulation plate; The upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer, and the lower oil layer simulation layer are all made of transparent gel.

3. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of complex oil-bearing reservoirs and different types of horizontal wells as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the upper oil layer simulation layer, middle oil layer simulation layer and lower oil layer simulation layer of the upper oil layer group simulation layer, two fracture simulation pieces located in the same oil layer simulation layer are at the same height and are located on the left and right sides of the oil layer simulation layer respectively. The bow-shaped horizontal simulated well penetrates the upper oil layer simulated layer at one end, successively passing through the fracture simulated piece on the left side of the upper oil layer simulated layer, the fracture simulated piece on the left side of the middle oil layer simulated layer, and the fracture simulated piece on the left side of the lower oil layer simulated layer. After bending and changing direction, it then successively passes through the fracture simulated piece on the right side of the lower oil layer simulated layer, the fracture simulated piece on the right side of the middle oil layer simulated layer, and the fracture simulated piece on the right side of the upper oil layer simulated layer.

4. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of complex oil-bearing formations and different types of horizontal wells as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the lower oil layer group simulation layer, the fracture simulation piece set in the upper oil layer simulation layer is located on the side of the upper oil layer simulation layer closer to the simulated derrick. The fracture simulation piece set in the lower oil layer simulation layer is located on the side of the lower oil layer simulation layer away from the simulated derrick; The fracture simulation piece set in the intermediate oil layer simulation layer is located in the intermediate oil layer simulation layer between the fracture simulation pieces in the upper oil layer simulation layer and the lower oil layer simulation layer; The upper, middle, and lower oil layer simulation layers in the lower oil layer group simulation layer each have a section of oil layer simulation layer made of colored transparent gel, and the fracture simulation sheet is located in the oil layer simulation layer section made of colored transparent gel.

5. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of complex oil-bearing reservoirs and different types of horizontal wells as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The high-angle simulated wells and the bow-shaped horizontal simulated wells are arranged along the Y-axis in the surface loess layer simulation layer, while the bow-shaped horizontal simulated wells and the high-angle simulated wells are respectively arranged along the X-axis in the upper oil layer group simulation layer and the lower oil layer group simulation layer.

6. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of complex oil-bearing reservoirs and different types of horizontal wells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a transparent box, in which the upper oil layer group simulation layer and the lower oil layer group simulation layer are both filled and disposed.

7. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of complex oil-bearing reservoirs and different types of horizontal wells as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A colorless and transparent gel separator is provided between the upper oil layer group simulation layer and the lower oil layer group simulation layer.

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