A method for correcting the layout direction of a blasting vibration detector

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of engineering blasting, and relates to a method for correcting the layout direction of a blasting vibration measuring instrument. After the horizontal layout direction of a three-axis standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration measuring instrument is corrected by using a laser level, the blasting vibration signal is collected by using the three-axis standard vibration sensor, the measurement polarization angle of P wave is obtained based on the blasting vibration signal θ' , the true polarization angle of P wave at the position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor is determined based on the distance between the test hole and the layout point of the blasting vibration measuring instrument d , and the depth of the test hole H , θ , the deflection error angle of the three-axis standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane is determined based on the true polarization angle of P wave θ and the measurement polarization angle of P wave θ' , β , and the adjustment of the layout direction of the blasting vibration measuring instrument is realized according to the deflection error angle β . The present application can accurately correct the layout direction of the blasting vibration measuring instrument, and meet the accurate analysis of the blasting vibration signal data and the control of the blasting-induced vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering blasting technology, specifically relating to a method for correcting the orientation of a blasting vibration meter. Background Technology

[0002] During rock blasting, the instantaneous high energy released during the blasting process triggers blasting vibrations, which can cause negative responses in the rock and soil mass and building structures, potentially leading to instability and failure. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately monitor blasting-induced vibrations during the blasting process to ensure that parameters such as vibration peak value and frequency meet safety production requirements.

[0003] Existing blasting vibration meters typically have triaxial standard vibration sensors that can simultaneously acquire blasting vibration signals in three orthogonal directions. However, these triaxial standard vibration sensors require manual deployment. Due to limitations in site conditions, the ground at the deployment location may not be perfectly level. This can lead to the blasting vibration meter's deployment direction not being entirely aligned with the actual direction of the explosive blasting vibration, resulting in a certain degree of skewness. Consequently, the acquired blasting vibration signals are not entirely accurate, affecting the subsequent accurate evaluation and control of the hazards posed by blasting vibrations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for correcting the placement of a blasting vibration meter to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0006] A method for correcting the placement of a blasting vibration meter includes the following steps:

[0007] Obtain the distance between the test hole and the placement point of the blast vibration meter. d and the depth of the test hole H ;

[0008] Use a laser level to check the horizontal orientation of the triaxial standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration meter, so that the X direction of the triaxial standard vibration sensor is aligned with the test hole direction.

[0009] An electronic detonator was placed at the center of the test hole at a depth of H / 2, and detonated. The blasting vibration signal was collected using the triaxial standard vibration sensor.

[0010] The measurement polarization angle of the P-wave is obtained based on the blasting vibration signal. θ' ;

[0011] Based on the distance d and the depth of the test hole H Determine the true polarization angle of the P-wave at the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor. θ ;

[0012] Real polarization angle of P-wave θ and measured polarization angle of P-wave θ' Determine the deflection error angle of triaxial standard vibration sensor in vertical plane β , according to the deflection error angle β Adjust the layout direction of the blasting vibration meter.

[0013] Further, the horizontal layout direction of the triaxial standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration meter is checked by the laser level, comprising the following steps:

[0014] The laser emitted by the laser level is directed to the center position of the test hole along the layout point of the triaxial standard vibration sensor;

[0015] Adjust the X direction of the triaxial standard vibration sensor to be consistent with the direction of the laser.

[0016] Further, the measured polarization angle of P-wave is obtained based on the blasting vibration signal θ' , comprising the following steps:

[0017] Numerically integrate the blasting vibration signal by time to obtain a blasting vibration displacement time history diagram, and draw a particle motion trajectory vector diagram in time sequence;

[0018] Draw a horizontal blasting vibration waveform diagram based on the X direction data in the blasting vibration signal, and draw a vertical blasting vibration waveform diagram based on the Z direction data in the blasting vibration signal;

[0019] The phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform diagram and the vertical blasting vibration waveform diagram is determined by the relative position relationship between the center position of the test hole and the position of the triaxial standard vibration sensor;

[0020] According to the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform and the vertical blasting vibration waveform, the action time interval of P-wave is determined in the horizontal blasting vibration waveform diagram and the vertical blasting vibration waveform diagram;

[0021] According to the action time interval of P-wave, the particle motion trajectory corresponding to the time interval in the particle motion trajectory vector diagram is marked as the particle motion trajectory of P-wave;

[0022] Measure the included angle between the particle motion trajectory of P-wave and the horizontal axis in the particle motion trajectory vector diagram, and record it as the measured polarization angle of P-wave θ' .

[0023] Further, the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform diagram and the vertical blasting vibration waveform diagram is determined according to the following corresponding relationship,

[0024] ①If the center of the test hole is below the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor, the phase difference between the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveforms of the P wave is in phase.

[0025] ② If the center of the test hole is above the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor, the phase difference between the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveforms of the P wave is out of phase.

[0026] Furthermore, the numerical integration of the blasting vibration signal is performed according to the following formula:

[0027] ,

[0028] in, U ( t () represents the displacement-time history curve, and Δt represents the sampling time interval. t Indicates time, v (0) and v ( t ) represent the initial velocity and , respectively. t The speed of time.

[0029] Furthermore, drawing a vector diagram of the trajectory of a particle includes the following steps:

[0030] In a rectangular coordinate system, the horizontal and vertical displacement coordinates of the particle are drawn sequentially according to time sequence to obtain a vector diagram of the particle's motion trajectory in the vertical plane.

[0031] Further, determining the duration of the P wave includes the following steps:

[0032] Based on the phase difference relationship between the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveforms, the waveform of the P-wave is determined.

[0033] The duration of the P-wave is determined based on its waveform.

[0034] Furthermore, when measuring the angle between the particle trajectory of the P-wave and the horizontal axis in the particle trajectory vector diagram, the angle between the particle trajectory of the P-wave and the horizontal axis in the particle trajectory vector diagram is measured after the horizontal and vertical coordinates in the particle trajectory vector diagram are processed to be equidistant.

[0035] Furthermore, the true polarization angle of the P-wave is determined based on the following formula. θ :

[0036] ,

[0037] in, θ It is the true polarization angle of the P-wave. HIt is the depth of the test hole. d It is the distance between the test hole and the location of the blasting vibration meter.

[0038] Furthermore, the deflection error angle of the triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane is determined based on the following formula. β :

[0039] ,

[0040] in, β It is the deflection error angle of a triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane. θ It is the true polarization angle of the P-wave. θ' It is the measured polarization angle of the P-wave.

[0041] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a method for correcting the orientation of a blasting vibration meter. This method utilizes a laser level to correct the horizontal orientation of the triaxial standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration meter, aligning the X-axis of the triaxial standard vibration sensor with the test hole direction. Then, the triaxial standard vibration sensor is used to collect blasting vibration signals, and the measurement polarization angle of the P-wave is obtained based on these signals. θ' Based on the distance between the test hole and the placement point of the blasting vibration meter d and the depth of the test hole H Determine the true polarization angle of the P-wave at the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor. θ Based on the true polarization angle of P-waves θ And the measurement polarization angle of P-wave θ' Determine the deflection error angle of the triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane. β According to the deflection error angle β This invention enables the adjustment of the deployment orientation of blasting vibration meters. Utilizing the advantage of P-waves as the first wave to arrive and combining their polarization characteristics, the orientation of the blasting vibration meter can be precisely corrected, ensuring that the sensor's three-axis orientation is perfectly aligned with the actual three-axis orientation of the test hole. This allows for accurate measurement of blasting vibration signal data, satisfying the requirements for subsequent precise analysis of blasting vibration signal data and control of blast-induced vibrations. It is suitable for on-site engineering conditions, highly practical, and worthy of widespread adoption. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the test hole and the triaxial standard vibration sensor of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the P-wave polarization characteristics of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4A horizontal blasting vibration waveform chart and a vertical blasting vibration waveform chart of the present application.

[0046] Figure 5 A particle motion trajectory vector chart of the present application.

[0047] Reference numerals:

[0048] 1, test hole; 2, triaxial standard vibration sensor; 3, electronic detonator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The existing blasting vibration tester has a triaxial standard vibration sensor, which can automatically pick up three orthogonal direction blasting vibration signals during blasting and transmit them to a storage device for storage. However, the triaxial standard vibration sensor needs to be laid manually, and due to the limitation of site conditions, the ground where the triaxial standard vibration sensor is laid cannot be completely horizontal, which may cause the layout direction of the blasting vibration tester to be inconsistent with the real direction of the blasting vibration, resulting in inaccurate blasting vibration signals collected by the blasting vibration tester due to the existence of the angle, affecting the subsequent accurate evaluation, and thus it is difficult to accurately control the damage of blasting vibration.

[0050] Engineering practice shows that blasting vibration is the result of the joint action of different types of stress waves, typical stress waves include compression wave, shear wave and surface wave, different types of stress waves have different polarization rules and propagation characteristics, among which the compression wave is simply called P wave, and has the fastest propagation speed, so it is the first wave, the shear wave is simply called S wave, and has the second fastest propagation speed, and the Rayleigh surface wave is simply called R wave, and has a slightly lower propagation speed than the propagation speed of S wave.

[0051] Therefore, by means of the first wave characteristics and polarization rules of P wave, the layout direction of the field blasting vibration tester is adjusted in time to meet the accurate measurement of blasting vibration signals and accurate evaluation and accurate control of the damage of blasting vibration.

[0052] The present application provides a method for correcting the layout direction of a blasting vibration tester to solve the above problems, in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application and implement them, the technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and exhaustively in conjunction with the drawings.

[0053] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0054] In addition, it needs to be further pointed out that, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B: "and / or" in the text only describes the relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, and in addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two.

[0055] The following terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as implying or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", "third", "fourth" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, and in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0058] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for correcting the placement of a blasting vibration meter, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Obtain the distance between the test hole and the placement point of the blast vibration meter. d and the depth of the test hole H ;

[0062] Use a laser level to check the horizontal orientation of the triaxial standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration meter, so that the X direction of the triaxial standard vibration sensor is aligned with the test hole direction.

[0063] An electronic detonator was placed at the center of the test hole at a depth of H / 2, detonated, and the blasting vibration signal was collected using a triaxial standard vibration sensor.

[0064] Measurement polarization angle of P-wave based on blasting vibration signal θ' ;

[0065] Based on distance d and the depth of the test hole H Determine the true polarization angle of the P-wave at the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor. θ ;

[0066] Based on the true polarization angle of the P-wave θ And the measurement polarization angle of P-wave θ' Determine the deflection error angle of the triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane. β According to the deflection error angle β Adjust the orientation of the blasting vibration meter.

[0067] Specifically, the above-mentioned method of using a laser level to calibrate the horizontal orientation of the triaxial standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration meter includes the following steps:

[0068] Point the laser emitted by the laser level towards the center of the test hole along the triaxial standard vibration sensor placement point, and adjust the X direction of the triaxial standard vibration sensor to be consistent with the direction of the laser.

[0069] Specifically, the measurement polarization angle of the P wave based on the blasting vibration signal is obtained according to the following formula: θ' , comprising the following steps:

[0070] The numerical integral of the blasting vibration signal is carried out according to the following formula:

[0071] ,

[0072] Wherein, U ( t ) represents the displacement time history curve, Δt represents the sampling time interval, t represents the time, v (0) and v ( t ) respectively represent the initial time velocity and t time velocity.

[0073] The X-direction data in the blasting vibration signal is used to draw the horizontal blasting vibration waveform graph, and the Z-direction data in the blasting vibration signal is used to draw the vertical blasting vibration waveform graph. The phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform graph and the vertical blasting vibration waveform graph is determined according to the relative position relationship between the test hole center position and the position of the triaxial standard vibration sensor. According to the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform and the vertical blasting vibration waveform, the action time interval of the P wave is determined in the horizontal blasting vibration waveform graph and the vertical blasting vibration waveform graph. According to the action time interval of the P wave, the particle motion trajectory corresponding to the particle motion trajectory vector graph in the time interval is marked as the particle motion trajectory of the P wave. The angle between the particle motion trajectory of the P wave and the horizontal axis in the particle motion trajectory vector graph is measured, and is recorded as the measurement polarization angle of the P wave θ' .

[0074] Specifically, the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform graph and the vertical blasting vibration waveform graph is determined according to the following corresponding relationship:

[0075] ① If the test hole center position is below the position of the triaxial standard vibration sensor, the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform and the vertical blasting vibration waveform of the P wave is in phase;

[0076] ② If the test hole center position is above the position of the triaxial standard vibration sensor, the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform and the vertical blasting vibration waveform of the P wave is anti-phase.

[0077] Specifically, drawing the particle motion trajectory vector graph includes the following steps:

[0078] In the rectangular coordinate system, the horizontal direction displacement coordinate and the vertical direction displacement coordinate of the particle are plotted in sequence to obtain the particle motion trajectory vector diagram in the vertical plane as the particle motion trajectory vector diagram.

[0079] Specifically, the action time interval of the P wave is determined, including the following steps:

[0080] According to the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform and the vertical blasting vibration waveform, the waveform of the P wave is determined.

[0081] The action time interval of the P wave is determined based on the waveform of the P wave.

[0082] Specifically, the angle between the particle motion trajectory of the P wave and the horizontal axis of the particle motion trajectory vector diagram is measured after the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate in the particle motion trajectory vector diagram are processed equally.

[0083] Specifically, as a further refinement of the above method, the true polarization angle of the P wave is determined based on the following formula θ :

[0084] ,

[0085] wherein, θ is the true polarization angle of the P wave, H is the depth of the test hole, d is the distance between the test hole and the blasting vibration instrument arrangement point.

[0086] Specifically, as a further refinement of the above method, the deflection error angle of the triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane is determined based on the following formula β :

[0087] ,

[0088] wherein, β is the deflection error angle of the triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane, θ is the true polarization angle of the P wave, θ' is the measured polarization angle of the P wave.

[0089] In combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2 , and based on the example of a blasting at a certain petrochemical base, the specific implementation method is as follows:

[0090] In order to test the specially set test hole 1, the purpose of setting the test hole 1 is to adjust the arrangement direction of the blasting vibration instrument through the test hole 1 before the real blast hole blasting, so as to measure the true and accurate blasting vibration data when the real blast hole blasting is carried out.

[0091] Step 1: The distance between the test hole 1 and the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 of the blasting vibration detector is measured to be 10 m, and the depth of the test hole 1 is measured to be 8 m.

[0092] Step 2: The horizontal layout direction of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is checked by the laser level, and the X direction of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is aligned with the direction of the test hole 1.

[0093] Specifically, the horizontal layout direction of the three-axis standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration detector is checked by the laser level, including the following steps:

[0094] The laser emitted by the laser level is directed to the center position of the test hole along the layout point of the three-axis standard vibration sensor, and the X direction of the three-axis standard vibration sensor is adjusted to be consistent with the direction of the laser.

[0095] Step 3: An electronic detonator 3 is placed at the center position of the test hole 1 at a depth of 4 m and connected to the blasting machine, as shown in Figure 2 . The electronic detonator 3 is exploded, and the blasting vibration signal is recorded by the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2. Specifically, the electronic detonator 3 is a single-shot electronic detonator.

[0096] Step 4: According to the relative position relationship between the test hole 1 and the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2, the position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is above the test hole, and it is judged that the polarization direction of the P wave should be in the first quadrant and the third quadrant, as shown in Figure 3 the left side of the figure.

[0097] Step 5: The blasting vibration signal is numerically integrated according to time to obtain the blasting vibration displacement time history graph, and the particle motion trajectory vector diagram is drawn according to time sequence. The X direction data in the blasting vibration signal is used as the basis to draw the horizontal blasting vibration waveform graph, and the Z direction data in the blasting vibration signal is used as the basis to draw the vertical blasting vibration waveform graph, as shown in Figure 3 the right side of the figure.

[0098] Specifically, the numerical integration of the blasting vibration signal is performed according to the following formula:

[0099] ,

[0100] wherein, U ( t ) represents the displacement time history curve, Δt represents the sampling time interval, t represents time, v (0) and v ( t ) represent the initial velocity and the velocity at time t , respectively.

[0101] Specifically, the particle motion trajectory vector diagram is drawn, including the following steps:

[0102] In the rectangular coordinate system, the horizontal direction displacement coordinate and the vertical direction displacement coordinate of the particle are sequentially drawn in time sequence to obtain the particle motion trajectory vector diagram in the vertical plane as the particle motion trajectory vector diagram.

[0103] Step 6: The phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform and the vertical blasting vibration waveform of the P wave is determined according to the relative position relationship between the center position of the test hole 1 and the position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2, as shown in Figure 3 According to the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform and the vertical blasting vibration waveform of the P wave, the waveform of the P wave is determined, and the action time interval of the P wave is determined based on the waveform of the P wave, as shown in Figure 4 According to the action time interval of the P wave, the particle motion trajectory corresponding to the time interval in the particle motion trajectory vector diagram is marked as the particle motion trajectory of the P wave, and the included angle between the particle motion trajectory of the P wave and the horizontal axis in the particle motion trajectory vector diagram is measured θ' 76°, and is recorded as the measured polarization angle of the P wave θ' 76°, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0104] In the conventional sense, the relative position relationship between the position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 and the center position of the test hole 1 mainly includes two cases:

[0105] ① The position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is above the test hole 1; ② The position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is below the test hole 1.

[0106] The polarization direction of the P wave in the above mainly includes two cases:

[0107] ① The position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is above the test hole 1, and the P wave is polarized in the first and third quadrants. ② The position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is below the test hole 1, and the P wave is polarized in the second and fourth quadrants.

[0108] When comparing the waveform phase relationship, there are two cases: ① The position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is above the test hole 1, and the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform and the vertical blasting vibration waveform of the P wave is in-phase, i.e. the phase difference is zero; ② The position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is below the test hole 1, and the phase difference relationship between the horizontal blasting vibration waveform and the vertical blasting vibration waveform of the P wave is anti-phase, i.e. the phase difference is 1 / 2 period.

[0109] Step 7: According to the relative position relationship between the test hole 1 and the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2, the true polarization angle of the P wave at the position of the three-axis standard vibration sensor 2 is calculated θ:

[0110] ,

[0111] in, θ It is the true polarization angle of the P-wave. H It is the depth of the test hole. d The distance between the test hole and the placement point of the blasting vibration meter allows us to calculate the true polarization angle of the P-wave at the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor 2. θ It is 68.2°.

[0112] When measuring the deflection angle of the particle trajectory of a P-wave, it is necessary to perform equidistant processing on the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the particle trajectory to ensure that the range of the horizontal and vertical coordinates is consistent. Then, the deflection angle of the particle trajectory of the P-wave can be measured to obtain the polarization angle of the P-wave at the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor 2. θ'.

[0113] Step 8: Based on the calculated true polarization angle of the P-wave, the deflection error angle β of the triaxial standard vibration sensor 2 in the vertical plane is 7.8°. The angle β of the triaxial standard vibration sensor 2 in the vertical plane is adjusted to 7.8° to complete the precise deployment of the triaxial standard vibration sensor 2.

[0114] This invention provides a method for calibrating the orientation of a blasting vibration meter. The method utilizes a laser level to verify the horizontal orientation of the triaxial standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration meter. After aligning the X-axis of the triaxial standard vibration sensor with the test hole direction, the method uses the triaxial standard vibration sensor to acquire blasting vibration signals and obtains the measurement polarization angle of the P-wave based on the blasting vibration signals. θ' Based on the distance between the test hole and the placement point of the blasting vibration meter d and the depth of the test hole H Determine the true polarization angle of the P-wave at the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor. θ Based on the true polarization angle of the P-wave θ And the measurement polarization angle of P-wave θ θ' Determine the deflection error angle of the triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane. β According to the deflection error angle β This invention enables the adjustment of the deployment orientation of blasting vibration meters. Utilizing the advantage of P-waves as the first wave to arrive and combining their polarization characteristics, the orientation of the blasting vibration meter can be precisely corrected, ensuring that the sensor's three-axis orientation is perfectly aligned with the actual three-axis orientation of the test hole. This allows for accurate measurement of blasting vibration signal data, satisfying the requirements for subsequent precise analysis of blasting vibration signal data and control of blast-induced vibrations. It is suitable for on-site engineering conditions, highly practical, and worthy of widespread adoption.

[0115] The above disclosed are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto, and any changes made by any person skilled in the art should fall into the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for correcting the placement of a blasting vibration meter, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the distance between the test hole and the placement point of the blast vibration meter. d and the depth of the test hole H ; Use a laser level to check the horizontal orientation of the triaxial standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration meter, so that the X direction of the triaxial standard vibration sensor is aligned with the test hole direction. An electronic detonator was placed at the center of the test hole at a depth of H / 2, and detonated. The blasting vibration signal was collected using the triaxial standard vibration sensor. The measurement polarization angle of the P-wave is obtained based on the blasting vibration signal. θ' ; Based on the distance d and the depth of the test hole H Determine the true polarization angle of the P-wave at the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor. θ ; Based on the true polarization angle of the P-wave θ And the measurement polarization angle of P-wave θ' Determine the deflection error angle of the triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane. β According to the deflection error angle β Adjust the orientation of the blasting vibration meter; Among them, the measurement polarization angle of the P-wave is obtained based on the blasting vibration signal. θ' This includes the following steps: The blasting vibration signal is numerically integrated over time to obtain a blasting vibration displacement time history diagram, and a vector diagram of the particle motion trajectory is drawn according to the time sequence. A horizontal blasting vibration waveform diagram is drawn based on the X-direction data in the blasting vibration signal, and a vertical blasting vibration waveform diagram is drawn based on the Z-direction data in the blasting vibration signal. The phase difference relationship between the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveforms is determined by the relative positional relationship between the center of the test hole and the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor. Based on the phase difference relationship between the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveforms, the time interval of the P-wave can be determined in the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveform diagrams. Based on the time interval of the P-wave, the particle motion trajectory corresponding to that time interval in the particle motion trajectory vector diagram is marked as the particle motion trajectory of the P-wave. The angle between the particle trajectory of the P-wave and the horizontal axis in the particle trajectory vector diagram is measured and recorded as the measurement polarization angle of the P-wave. θ' ; The true polarization angle of the P-wave is determined based on the following formula. θ : ， in, θ It is the true polarization angle of the P-wave. H It is the depth of the test hole. d It is the distance between the test hole and the location of the blasting vibration meter.

2. The method for correcting the placement of a blasting vibration meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal orientation of the triaxial standard vibration sensor of the blasting vibration meter is checked using a laser level, including the following steps: The laser emitted by the laser level is directed along the triaxial standard vibration sensor placement points to the center of the test hole. Adjust the X-direction of the triaxial standard vibration sensor to align with the direction of the laser.

3. The method for correcting the placement of a blasting vibration meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase difference relationship between the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveforms should be determined according to the following correspondence. ①If the center of the test hole is below the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor, the phase difference between the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveforms of the P wave is in phase. ② If the center of the test hole is above the location of the triaxial standard vibration sensor, the phase difference between the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveforms of the P wave is out of phase.

4. The method for correcting the placement of a blasting vibration meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The numerical integration of the blasting vibration signal is performed according to the following formula: ， in, U ( t () represents the displacement-time history curve, and Δt represents the sampling time interval. t Indicates time, v (0) and v ( t ) represent the initial velocity and , respectively. t The speed of time.

5. The method for correcting the placement of a blasting vibration meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Drawing a vector diagram of a particle's motion trajectory includes the following steps: In a rectangular coordinate system, the horizontal and vertical displacement coordinates of the particle are drawn sequentially according to time sequence to obtain a vector diagram of the particle's motion trajectory in the vertical plane.

6. The method for correcting the orientation of a blasting vibration meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the duration of the P wave involves the following steps: Based on the phase difference relationship between the horizontal and vertical blasting vibration waveforms, the waveform of the P-wave is determined. The duration of the P-wave is determined based on its waveform.

7. The method for correcting the orientation of a blasting vibration meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, When measuring the angle between the particle trajectory of the P-wave and the horizontal axis in the particle trajectory vector diagram, the angle between the particle trajectory of the P-wave and the horizontal axis in the particle trajectory vector diagram is measured after the horizontal and vertical coordinates in the particle trajectory vector diagram are processed to be equidistant.

8. The method for correcting the placement of a blasting vibration meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deflection error angle of the triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane is determined based on the following formula. β : ， in, β It is the deflection error angle of a triaxial standard vibration sensor in the vertical plane. θ It is the true polarization angle of the P-wave. θ' It is the measured polarization angle of the P-wave.

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