Standard substance management and storage system module based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a standard substance management and storage system module based on the Internet of Things, and belongs to the technical field of semiconductor devices, and the standard substance management and storage system module comprises a PCB antenna array, LED lamp beads, a main control assembly and a peripheral assembly. Wherein the antenna array is connected with the main control assembly through a wire, and one double-color LED lamp bead is uniformly distributed in the center of each position of the array; the master control assembly comprises a single-chip microcomputer and an NFC card reading module. The single-chip microcomputer is connected with the NFC card reading module through a communication interface. The peripheral assembly comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a vibration sensor and an illumination sensor, and the sensors are connected with the master control assembly through wires. Through the scheme of the invention, the real-time processing capability can be enhanced, and the response speed and reliability can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of semiconductor devices, and more particularly to a standard material management and storage system module based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of globalization, economic exchanges and cooperation between countries are becoming increasingly frequent. This has not only promoted the flow of goods and services but also driven the exchange and development of science and technology. Against this backdrop, the demand for reference materials (STMTs) across various industries is constantly growing. As reference materials with known properties, STMTs are widely used in various stages of scientific research, production, and testing. Their quality and stability directly affect the accuracy of scientific research, the reliability of product quality, and the authority of test results. Therefore, how to effectively manage and store these STMTs has become an important issue for many enterprises and research institutions.

[0003] While the importance of reference materials (ART) is self-evident, its practical operation faces numerous challenges. Traditional manual management methods are inefficient and prone to errors, especially when managing multiple batches and varieties of ART. Furthermore, ART requires strict storage conditions; temperature and humidity must be maintained within specific ranges, otherwise their performance may be affected. Although some automation and information technology have been introduced into existing ART management and storage systems, significant shortcomings remain. Most existing management systems lack comprehensive real-time monitoring capabilities, suffer from severe data silos, lack intelligent early warning and emergency response mechanisms, and lack end-to-end traceability.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can enhance real-time processing capabilities and improve response speed and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application discloses a standard material management and storage system module based on the Internet of Things. This application solves the technical problems of existing technologies, such as the lack of comprehensive real-time monitoring capabilities.

[0006] This application discloses a standard material management and storage system module based on the Internet of Things, including: a PCB antenna array, LED beads, a main control component, and peripheral components; wherein, the antenna array is connected to the main control component through wires, and a dual-color LED bead is evenly distributed at the center of each position of the array; the main control component includes a microcontroller and an NFC card reader module, and the microcontroller is connected to the NFC card reader module through a communication interface; the peripheral components include a temperature and humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, and a light sensor, and the sensors are connected to the main control component through wires.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the main control component uses a microcontroller as a processor and connects the PCB antenna array, dual-color LED beads, and peripheral components via wires; the main control component also includes a power module and a communication interface for power supply and data transmission.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the PCB antenna array includes multiple evenly distributed antenna positions, each antenna position is provided with a wire connected to the NFC card reader module, the antennas are made of copper foil coils, and multiple antennas are controlled independently and simultaneously by a main control component; the main control component adopts a single-chip dual-drive scanning circuit; the dual-color LED beads include red light emitting units and white light emitting units, and the brightness is adjusted by the PWM signal of the main control component; the sensor is a digital sensor and is connected to the main control component through a standard communication protocol.

[0009] In one possible implementation, when the main control component is powered on and initialized, it controls all LED beads to light up in high-brightness white light mode for one second and then switch to low-brightness white light mode. When any antenna detects an NFC tag, the main control component controls the corresponding LED bead to flash high-brightness red light five times and then switch to low-brightness red light mode.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the main control component is further provided with a storage unit for storing environmental parameters and tag information; the main control component compares the stored parameters with a preset threshold, and controls the corresponding dual-color LED beads to issue a warning when the threshold is reached.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the main control component has a timed polling mechanism to detect all antennas at preset time intervals; when an NFC tag is detected to leave the antenna area, the main control component controls the corresponding LED to return to a low-brightness white light constant-on state.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the main control component collects environmental parameters in real time through the sensor and records the time and magnitude of parameter changes; the main control component performs data analysis on the environmental parameters and generates an analysis report on the impact of environmental changes on the standard material.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the main control component establishes an independent environmental parameter record for each standard substance, including temperature, humidity, vibration, and light data; the main control component associates and stores the environmental parameters with the substance batch number and production date.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the main control component is provided with an application programming interface (API) for receiving external control commands; the main control component controls the working state of a specified antenna and LED beads according to the received commands.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the main control component adopts a single-chip dual-drive scanning circuit and transmits data with external devices through a standard communication protocol; the main control component supports multiple wireless communication methods for remote data transmission and system control.

[0016] In the IoT-based standard substance management and storage system module disclosed above, the embodiments of this application improve the system's concurrent processing capability through multi-antenna independent reading function, improve the visualization effect and energy saving effect through dual brightness control of LED beads, improve the response speed and reliability through intelligent polling mechanism, ensure that standard substances are stored under suitable conditions through environmental parameter monitoring function, improve the system's security and reliability through intelligent early warning function, and enhance the system's flexibility and functionality through flexible expansion function. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A side view of a standard substance management and storage system module disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front panel of a standard substance management and storage system module disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear panel of a standard substance management and storage system module disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the embodiments of this disclosure are only used to distinguish different steps, devices, or modules, and do not represent any specific technical meaning, nor do they indicate a necessary logical order between them. It should also be understood that in the embodiments of this disclosure, "multiple" can refer to two or more, and "at least one" can refer to one, two, or more. It should also be understood that any component, data, or structure mentioned in the embodiments of this disclosure can generally be understood as one or more unless explicitly limited or given a contrary indication in the context. Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this disclosure is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this disclosure generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. It should also be understood that the descriptions of the various embodiments in this disclosure emphasize the differences between the various embodiments; their similarities or commonalities can be referred to mutually, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be elaborated upon one by one.

[0023] Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure or its application or use. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art will not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It is important to understand that the architectures shown in the figures of this application are exemplary and not restrictive. This means that the architectures involved are not limited to a specific form or design, but are presented as examples. In other words, the architectures shown in the figures can be considered as a way of expressing related concepts and relationships, and do not exclude other forms of architecture. Therefore, when interpreting the architectures in the figures, it should be understood that the model is flexible and diverse, and its purpose is to disclose an exemplary description, not a restrictive provision on a specific form.

[0026] This application discloses a standard material management and storage system module based on the Internet of Things, including: a PCB antenna array, LED beads, a main control component, and peripheral components; wherein, the antenna array is connected to the main control component through wires, and a dual-color LED bead is evenly distributed at the center of each position of the array; the main control component includes a microcontroller and an NFC card reader module, and the microcontroller is connected to the NFC card reader module through a communication interface; the peripheral components include a temperature and humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, and a light sensor, and the sensors are connected to the main control component through wires.

[0027] Specifically, the main control component uses a microcontroller as the processor and connects the PCB antenna array, dual-color LED beads, and peripheral components via wires; the main control component also includes a power module and a communication interface for power supply and data transmission.

[0028] Furthermore, the PCB antenna array includes multiple evenly distributed antenna positions, each with a wire connecting to the NFC card reader module. The antennas are made of copper foil coils, and multiple antennas are simultaneously and independently controlled by the main control component. The main control component uses a single-chip dual-drive scanning circuit. The dual-color LED beads include red light-emitting units and white light-emitting units, and their brightness is adjusted by the PWM signal of the main control component. The sensor is a digital sensor and is connected to the main control component through a standard communication protocol.

[0029] In one embodiment, the system comprises a PCB antenna array structure, a microcontroller unit, a sensor unit, and a power and communication unit. The PCB antenna array uses twenty-five independent copper foil coil structures, each coil with an outer diameter of 2 cm, and each coil has an RGB dual-color LED embedded in its center. All antenna coils are made of copper foil and equipped with impedance matching circuits; the antenna units are numbered sequentially from 1 to 25. The LED driving circuit uses a PWM signal input port structure. The main controller is an STM32 series microcontroller equipped with a PN532 near-field communication chip, whose hardware interface supports multiple communication standards including ISO / IEC 14443 A / B, ISO / IEC 18092, and Felica. The sensor unit includes four types of sensors: a DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, a DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor, an ADXL345 triaxial accelerometer, and a BH1750 digital light sensor. The power supply section uses a 5V DC power supply structure and is equipped with a voltage regulator module. The communication interface unit includes UART interface circuit, SPI interface circuit, I2C interface circuit, and corresponding circuit structures for Wi-Fi module and Bluetooth module.

[0030] Furthermore, at the signal connection level, the main control component employs a single-chip dual-drive scanning circuit to transmit data with external devices via standard communication protocols. The main control component supports multiple wireless communication methods for remote data transmission and system control. It may also include an application programming interface (API) for receiving external control commands; the main control component controls the operating status of designated antennas and LED beads based on the received commands.

[0031] Specifically, a dedicated signal line can be set up to connect the PCB antenna module and the NFC card reader module, with each PCB antenna unit equipped with an independent signal transmission channel. The NFC card reader module establishes a bidirectional data communication link with the main control MCU via the SPI bus protocol. The LED dual-color lamp beads in the lighting control system adopt a three-wire connection architecture, specifically including a red control signal line, a white control signal line, and a common ground line. These three signal lines are directly connected to the corresponding control ports of the MCU, and the MCU outputs PWM modulation signals through these signal lines to achieve brightness and color control of the LED light-emitting units. In the connection structure of the environmental data acquisition system, environmental monitoring units such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, vibration sensors, and light sensors establish data transmission channels with the MCU through I2C bus or SPI interface, forming a multi-channel sensor data acquisition network. The power connection system adopts a unified 5V DC power supply network. The power module forms power supply loops with the MCU controller, NFC card reader module, and various environmental sensors through branch power lines. The configured voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply ports of each functional unit, forming a complete power supply system. The external communication system's connection architecture includes multiple wired communication ports such as UART serial communication interface, SPI high-speed data interface, and I2C bus interface. It also integrates the radio frequency signal interfaces of Wi-Fi wireless communication module and Bluetooth communication module. These communication interfaces establish signal connections with the corresponding ports of the external system to realize multi-mode data interaction functions.

[0032] During power-on initialization, the main control component controls all LEDs to illuminate in high-brightness white light mode for one second, then switch to low-brightness constant white light. When any antenna detects an NFC tag, the main control component controls the corresponding LED to flash high-brightness red light five times, then switch to low-brightness constant red light. In one embodiment, the system module executes an initialization program during power-on, controlling all LEDs to operate in high-brightness white light mode for one second, then automatically switching to low-brightness constant white light. The system has multiple independent antennas, each capable of independently performing NFC tag detection. When any antenna detects an NFC tag, the system automatically reads the information data carried by the tag. Simultaneously, the system controls the LED corresponding to that antenna position to switch to red light mode, flashing high-brightness five times per second, then automatically switching to the lowest brightness constant red light state, achieving a visual tag recognition prompt function.

[0033] The main control component is also equipped with a storage unit for storing environmental parameters and tag information. The main control component compares the stored parameters with preset thresholds, and controls the corresponding dual-color LED beads to issue a warning when the threshold is reached.

[0034] Specifically, the main control component collects environmental parameters in real time through the sensors and records the time and magnitude of parameter changes; the main control component performs data analysis on the environmental parameters and generates an analysis report on the impact of environmental changes on the standard material.

[0035] Furthermore, the main control component establishes independent environmental parameter records for each standard substance, including temperature, humidity, vibration, and light data; the main control component associates and stores the environmental parameters with the substance batch number and production date.

[0036] In one embodiment, the system activates environmental parameter detection modules such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, vibration sensors, and light sensors to establish an environmental monitoring data acquisition system. The system continuously acquires monitoring data from each environmental sensor through a timed sampling mechanism. All collected data is transmitted via a data bus to the main control MCU for unified processing and storage. The MCU is responsible not only for receiving and processing the antenna numbering information and NFC tag data, but also for real-time analysis of environmental parameters to determine if any abnormalities exceeding preset thresholds exist.

[0037] The main control component can also be configured with a timed polling mechanism to detect all antennas at preset time intervals. When an NFC tag is detected leaving the antenna area, the main control component controls the corresponding LED to return to a low-brightness, constant white light state. The polling mechanism performs a complete detection process on all antennas every thirty seconds to confirm whether an NFC tag still exists within the sensing area of ​​each antenna. If an existing NFC tag is detected, the system maintains its current state. If an NFC tag is found to have been removed from the sensing area of ​​a certain antenna, the system automatically controls the corresponding LED indicator to return to a low-brightness, constant white light state. The system also includes an early warning module. When environmental monitoring parameters become abnormal, the system automatically triggers an early warning mechanism and starts an event logging program, storing the abnormal data and its occurrence time in the system log, providing complete data support for subsequent data analysis and fault handling.

[0038] Next, the embodiments of this application will be further described in conjunction with the complete operation process of a standard substance management and storage system module.

[0039] The initialization process begins with the MCU executing startup configuration, loading necessary initialization code, and then configuring the NFC card reader module to enter standby mode in preparation for reading NFC tag information. Simultaneously, the system performs initial configuration of the temperature, humidity, vibration, and light sensors, enabling them to acquire environmental parameters. During the initialization phase, the LED indicator system first enters a high-brightness white light mode for one second, then automatically switches to a low-brightness white light constant-on state to indicate that initialization is complete. After initialization, the system enters the main loop operation state, where it continuously executes core functions such as NFC antenna polling, environmental parameter acquisition, data processing, LED status updates, data transmission, and intelligent early warning. Specifically, the NFC antenna polling process determines the presence of an NFC tag by sequentially checking the status of each antenna; the environmental parameter acquisition process periodically reads real-time data from each sensor at preset time intervals; the data processing module analyzes and processes the acquired NFC tag information and environmental parameters; the LED indicator system updates its display status in real time based on the processing results; the communication interface module transmits the processed data to external systems; and the intelligent early warning module compares environmental parameters with preset thresholds to determine whether an alarm should be triggered and records the relevant event.

[0040] When the system detects an NFC tag, it triggers a series of response operations. First, the system determines the tag's exact location by detecting its antenna number, and then reads the information stored in the NFC tag. Simultaneously, the corresponding LED indicator will execute a specific display sequence: first, it flashes five times in a high-brightness red light mode, with each flash occurring at a one-second interval; after the flashing sequence, it automatically switches to a low-brightness red light state. Regarding environmental monitoring, the system acquires environmental parameter data in real time from various sensors, including temperature, humidity, vibration, and light intensity. This data is immediately compared with preset safety thresholds. If any parameter exceeds the preset range, the system immediately initiates an alarm procedure, issuing an alert through LED light changes and a buzzer, while simultaneously recording relevant event information in the system log for subsequent analysis and tracing. For data storage and transmission, the system stores the collected NFC tag information and environmental parameters in its internal memory and transmits this data in real time to external systems, such as cloud servers or monitoring centers, via a pre-configured communication interface, enabling remote data storage and monitoring.

[0041] The LED indicator system, a crucial component of the overall system, updates its status based on two main dimensions: first, the identification status of the NFC tags, including tag proximity and removal events; and second, the monitoring status of environmental parameters, specifically whether these parameters remain within preset safety ranges. When environmental parameters become abnormal, the system's intelligent early warning mechanism automatically activates, continuously monitoring the trends of these abnormal parameters. During this process, the system not only issues alarm signals via LED lights and buzzers but also records detailed information about the abnormal event, including the time of occurrence, the type of abnormal parameter, and its specific value, in an event log. This log information can be used for subsequent data analysis, helping managers understand the system's operational status and promptly identify and resolve potential problems.

[0042] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application can be constructed using multiple independently operating PCB antenna modules. Each antenna module can work collaboratively with the MCU and NFC card reader module to achieve the reading operation of NFC tag information. In specific implementations, the configuration of the antenna modules can include, but is not limited to, the following: the number of antennas can be selected from 16, 25, or 32; the antenna type can be a helical antenna, loop antenna, or microstrip antenna, etc., ensuring that the reading distance is maintained within 5cm; the card reader module can be selected from various models conforming to the ISO / IEC 14443 standard, such as MFRC522 or RC532; the communication interface can adopt various methods such as SPI, I2C, or UART to meet different system design requirements.

[0043] Furthermore, the LED control mechanism in the above embodiments employs a dual brightness control approach. This control mechanism can be implemented using various LED components, including but not limited to RGB LEDs and monochrome LEDs. Monochrome LEDs can be pure red or pure white LEDs. In terms of control methods, various techniques such as PWM technology, constant current sources, or resistor voltage dividers can be used to achieve precise brightness adjustment. For scenarios requiring color control, LED modules with built-in drivers can be selected to achieve coordinated control of color and brightness through digital signals. Regarding the system operation mechanism, an intelligent polling mechanism can be used to periodically detect the status of all antennas. The period of this polling mechanism can be flexibly adjusted within the range of 10 to 60 seconds and can be implemented using timed polling or interrupt-driven methods. The interrupt-driven method can immediately trigger MCU processing upon detecting an NFC tag. At the data processing level, algorithms such as sliding window averaging or Kalman filtering can be used to improve the accuracy and stability of data processing.

[0044] For example, a multi-layer adaptive polling mechanism can be used for antenna status detection. The first layer is the basic polling layer, which divides the 25 antennas into 5 detection groups, each containing 5 adjacent antennas. The initial polling interval is set to 30 seconds, and the polling start signal is triggered by a timer interrupt. During polling, a time-division multiplexing method is used to feed the antennas in each detection group sequentially, with a feeding duration of 0.3 seconds and a feeding interval of 0.15 seconds between adjacent antennas. The status detection of each antenna is achieved by measuring the antenna resonant frequency offset, specifically through the following steps: First, an alternating voltage signal of 85-90kHz with an amplitude of 3-4V is fed into the antenna, and the sampling frequency is 260kHz; then, the frequency response curve of the antenna echo signal is measured, and the frequency offset δf is calculated; when δf is greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that an NFC tag exists in the antenna sensing area.

[0045] The second layer is the dynamic optimization layer, which dynamically adjusts the polling parameters based on historical detection data. The detection results for each antenna are recorded, and the tag detection probability P is calculated using a sliding time window method. The time window length is 500 seconds, the window sliding step is 30 seconds, and the tag detection probability is calculated using the formula: P = Nd / (Nt + α), where Nd is the number of detections, Nt is the total number of detections, and α is a smoothing factor with a value of 0.3. When the P value of any antenna in a detection group exceeds 0.8, the polling time interval for that group is shortened to 0.6 times its original value; when the P values ​​of all antennas in the detection group are less than 0.15, the polling time interval for that group is extended to 1.2 times its original value. The adjustment range of the polling time interval is limited to between 10 and 60 seconds.

[0046] The third layer is the interrupt handling layer. While performing timed polling, a hardware interrupt mechanism triggered by antenna impedance changes is set up. When an NFC tag appears in the antenna sensing area, the antenna impedance changes due to the coupling effect of the tag coil, causing a voltage drop. When the voltage drop exceeds 0.75V, an interrupt signal is triggered. The interrupt signal is generated using a Schmitt trigger, with a hysteresis voltage of 0.25V to prevent false triggering caused by signal jitter. After jitter removal, the antenna impedance change ΔZ is calculated. The formula for calculating the impedance change is: ΔZ = k1 × (V0 - V1) / (I0 - I1) - k2 × T + k3, where V0 and I0 are the nominal operating point voltage and current values, V1 and I1 are the current measured values, T is the ambient temperature, and k1, k2, and k3 are correction coefficients with values ​​of 2.73, 0.052, and 1.17, respectively. NFC tag detection is confirmed when ΔZ is greater than 8.5Ω.

[0047] The fourth layer is the adaptive coordination layer, which coordinates timed polling and interruption detection. When an antenna triggers an interrupt signal, the timed polling of the detection group to which that antenna belongs is paused, and the interruption detection result is used as the detection result for that polling cycle. Simultaneously, a backward verification mechanism is initiated, performing a second detection within 0.83 seconds after the interruption trigger, and calculating the correlation coefficient r of the impedance change between the two detections. The correlation coefficient is calculated using an exponential weighted method, with the specific formula: r = exp(-|ΔZ1 - ΔZ2| / σ), where ΔZ1 and ΔZ2 are the impedance changes measured in the two tests, and σ is the standard deviation parameter, with a value of 11.7. When r is greater than 0.9, the detection result is confirmed as valid, and the detection probability P value of the antenna is updated; when r is less than 0.4, it is determined to be a false trigger, and the original P value remains unchanged.

[0048] It should be noted that the monitoring function in this application embodiment is achieved through the collaborative operation of multiple sensors, including but not limited to the following: temperature monitoring can use sensors such as DS18B20, LM75, or TMP102; humidity monitoring can use sensors such as DHT22, HTU21D, or SHT31; vibration monitoring can use sensors such as ADXL345, MMA7361, or KX022; and light monitoring can use sensors such as BH1750, TSL2561, or VEML7700. All these sensors can communicate with the MCU via standard interfaces such as SPI, I2C, or UART.

[0049] The early warning function in this application embodiment can automatically trigger a corresponding alarm mechanism and record the event when environmental parameters are detected to exceed a preset range. Alarm methods can include various forms such as LED indicators, buzzer prompts, audible and visual alarms, or SMS notifications. Event recording can be done using local logs or by uploading data to a cloud server via a network, thereby achieving remote monitoring. Furthermore, this solution supports dynamically adjusting the threshold values ​​of environmental parameters based on the characteristics of different standard substances.

[0050] Furthermore, the extension mechanism of this application's embodiments not only includes standard API interfaces, but can also disclose various access methods such as Web service interfaces, MQTT message queues, or OPC UA protocols. Regarding the controlled objects, in addition to controlling antennas and LED indicator modules, it can also be extended to external devices such as displays, printers, or robotic arms.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a side view of a standard substance management and storage system module disclosed in an embodiment of this application. As shown in the figure, from top to bottom, a sensor probe, a transparent resin layer, a PCB circuit board, a plastic bracket, and a battery board are arranged sequentially.

[0052] This embodiment discloses a hierarchical design scheme for a standard substance management and storage system module based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The system module adopts a multi-layered stacked structure, including, from top to bottom, a sensor probe layer, a transparent resin protective layer, a PCB circuit board layer, a plastic support layer, and a battery board layer. The sensor probe layer is located at the top and is used to collect environmental parameter information; the sensor probes include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, vibration sensors, and light sensors. These sensors interact with the microcontroller unit on the PCB circuit board via I2C or SPI interfaces. The transparent resin layer, located below the sensor probe layer, is made of epoxy resin material, possessing good light transmittance and protective performance, effectively protecting the lower circuitry from external environmental influences while ensuring the normal operation of the light sensor. The PCB circuit board layer, located below the transparent resin layer, is made of FR-4 material with a thickness of 1.6 mm. It integrates core circuit components such as the microcontroller unit, NFC card reader module, and dual-color LED beads; the PCB circuit board has 25 independent PCB antenna positions, each corresponding to a dual-color LED bead, used for NFC tag detection and status indication.

[0053] The plastic support layer, injection molded from ABS engineering plastic and mounted beneath the PCB board layer, possesses appropriate mechanical strength and durability. It supports the structural stability of the entire system module and provides space for fixing and mounting between components. The design of the plastic support layer takes into account the system's heat dissipation requirements, incorporating ventilation holes at appropriate locations to ensure temperature control during long-term operation. The battery panel layer, located at the bottom, utilizes a lithium battery power supply with a capacity of 3000mAh and an operating voltage of 3.7V. A voltage regulator circuit provides a stable 5V DC power supply to the entire system. The battery panel layer is electrically connected to the PCB board via flexible cables, facilitating system maintenance and battery replacement. Anti-slip pads are located on the bottom of the battery panel layer to ensure system stability. All layers of the system module are securely connected with screws, ensuring structural robustness and stability.

[0054] In practical applications, the hierarchical structure design of this system module fully considers actual usage requirements. The arrangement of sensor probes ensures accurate acquisition of environmental parameters, and the transparent resin layer protects the circuitry without affecting the operation of the light sensor. The 25 antenna positions on the PCB board are arranged in a 5×5 matrix, and the effective sensing distance of each antenna is controlled within 4.8 cm by impedance matching circuitry. The system adopts a modular design concept, with standardized interfaces connecting the various functional layers, facilitating system maintenance and upgrades. The microcontroller unit uses the STM32F103 series chip with a main frequency of 72MHz, built-in 128KB Flash and 20KB SRAM, which can meet the system's data processing requirements. The NFC card reader module can use the PN532 chip, supporting standard protocols such as ISO / IEC 14443 A / B and ISO / IEC 18092, with an operating frequency of 13MHz. The dual-color LED beads adopt a common anode design, controlling the display states of red and white colors via PWM signals, with a maximum current of 20mA, and brightness adjustable from 0-100% via PWM signals.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front panel of a standard substance management and storage system module disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the front panel contains 25 RFID coils, each manufactured using standard PCB technology. The coils are arranged in a 5×5 matrix, with an overall matrix size of 130.2mm × 130.1mm. Each RFID coil has a dual-color LED at its center, supporting both white and red light emission modes. The RFID coils utilize a multi-layer PCB design, with matched trace widths and spacing to ensure appropriate induction coefficients and quality factors at the operating frequency. The effective sensing range of each RFID coil is limited by an impedance matching circuit, ensuring its maximum sensing distance does not exceed a preset range. This design effectively avoids crosstalk between adjacent coils. The 25 RFID coils in the matrix are connected to the card reader module on the rear panel via independent signal lines, allowing each coil to operate independently without interference.

[0056] In the specific implementation, the dual-color LED beads adopt a common anode design, and the brightness of red and white light is controlled by PWM signals. The LED bead drive circuit adopts a constant current source design, which can disclose two brightness levels: the current ratio of high brightness mode to low brightness mode is 4:1. The control signal of each LED bead is connected to the microcontroller unit through three wires (red light control, white light control, and common positive terminal). The luminous intensity of the LED bead in high brightness mode is four times that in low brightness mode. The viewing angle of the LED bead is optimized to ensure good visibility at normal viewing distances. All components on the front panel are soldered using lead-free processes, and the entire PCB is made of FR-4 material, which has good mechanical strength and durability.

[0057] In operation, the RFID coils are polled and scanned by the card reader module on the rear panel every 30 seconds. When an RFID coil detects an NFC tag, the corresponding LED light switches states according to a preset program: first, it flashes red light in high-brightness mode for a preset number of flashes with equal time intervals between each flash; then it switches to low-brightness mode and continues to emit red light. When the NFC tag leaves the sensing area, the LED light switches to white light mode and continues to emit white light in low-brightness mode. During system power-on initialization, all LED lights simultaneously enter the high-brightness white light state for a preset time, then switch to the low-brightness white light state. The component layout on the front panel has been optimized through electromagnetic field simulation to ensure no interference occurs when multiple RFID coils are operating simultaneously. The PCB layout uses a multi-layer design, with separate layers for the RFID signal layer, LED control signal layer, power layer, and ground layer, connected by vias.

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear panel of a standard substance management and storage system module disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2As shown, from the overall system layout, the backplane structure adopts a modular design, dividing the 130.2mm × 130.1mm rectangular PCB board into multiple functional blocks. A debugging interface area is located in the upper left corner for system debugging and firmware updates; the upper right corner is the reverse area for environmental monitoring. The MCU control module, using an ESP32 chip as the main controller, is located in the middle left, responsible for overall system control and data processing. The environmental monitoring module is located in the middle right, integrating multiple sensors such as temperature, humidity, vibration, and light, with vias reserved for sensor installation and signal transmission. The NFC wireless card reader module is located in the lower left, controlling 25 antennas, each operating independently and connected to the MCU via a dedicated signal line. The LED driver module is located in the lower right, controlling 25 dual-color LED indicators corresponding to the NFC antenna positions. A battery interface (with pads) and a USB-C power supply interface are located on the bottom sides, providing a stable power supply for the system.

[0059] The 25 NFC antennas located on the front of the PCB are controlled by the NFC wireless card reader module on the back panel. Each antenna is connected by an independent signal line to ensure reliable signal transmission. The NFC card reader module communicates with the MCU via SPI or I2C interfaces, transmitting antenna numbers and tag information. The LED driver module controls the color and brightness of each LED through the MCU's PWM output signal, supporting both white and red display, as well as high and low brightness adjustments. Various sensors in the environmental monitoring module are connected to the MCU via standard digital interfaces to achieve real-time acquisition and monitoring of environmental parameters.

[0060] The system employs a dual-power supply scheme, primarily powered via a USB-C interface, with a reserved battery interface as a backup power source to ensure continuous operation during power outages. The MCU interacts with various functional modules via standard interfaces such as SPI and I2C, and supports program updates and system debugging through a debug interface. The PCB layout maintains sufficient safety distances and isolation areas between functional modules to prevent signal interference. The environmental monitoring module's sensors are fixed via vias for easy maintenance and replacement. The LED driver module uses a partitioned design to ensure effective isolation between high-current drive circuits and low-signal circuits. The overall system layout fully considers signal integrity, electromagnetic compatibility, and heat dissipation requirements; mounting holes are provided around the PCB for easy assembly and fixation.

[0061] In summary, this application's embodiments feature 25 independently operating PCB antennas, each capable of reading NFC tag information independently, avoiding the interference problem associated with multiple antennas in existing technologies. Dual brightness control of the LED beads is achieved using PWM technology, improving the system's visualization and facilitating quick status identification for users. A mechanism that polls all antennas every 30 seconds ensures timely detection of NFC tag removal, improving system response speed and accuracy. Temperature, humidity, vibration, and light sensors are added to monitor various parameters of the storage environment in real time, ensuring that standard materials are stored under suitable conditions. When environmental parameters exceed preset ranges, the system automatically issues an alarm and records an event log, enhancing system security and reliability. Furthermore, an API interface is disclosed, allowing external systems to control individual antennas and LED beads, achieving high system flexibility and scalability.

[0062] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also disclose a control device for a standard substance management and storage system module, including: a processor, a memory, and a system bus; the processor and the memory are connected via the system bus; the memory is used to store one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform any of the methods described above.

[0063] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also disclose a computer program product that, when run on a terminal device, causes the terminal device to execute any of the methods described above.

[0064] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a media gateway, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this application.

[0065] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section.

[0066] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0067] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A standard material management and storage system module based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a PCB antenna array, LED beads, a main control component, and peripheral components. The antenna array is connected to the main control component via wires, and a dual-color LED bead is evenly distributed at the center of each position in the array. The main control component includes a microcontroller and an NFC card reader module. The microcontroller is connected to the NFC card reader module via a communication interface. The peripheral components include a temperature and humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, and a light sensor. The sensors are connected to the main control component via wires.

2. The standard substance management and storage system module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control component uses a microcontroller as the processor and is connected to the PCB antenna array, dual-color LED beads and peripheral components via wires; the main control component also includes a power module and a communication interface for power supply and data transmission.

3. The standard substance management and storage system module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The PCB antenna array includes multiple evenly distributed antenna positions, each with a wire connecting to the NFC card reader module. The antennas are made of copper foil coils, and multiple antennas are controlled independently and simultaneously by the main control component. The main control component uses a single-chip dual-drive scanning circuit. The dual-color LED beads include red light-emitting units and white light-emitting units, and their brightness is adjusted by the PWM signal of the main control component. The sensor is a digital sensor and is connected to the main control component through a standard communication protocol.

4. The standard substance management and storage system module according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the main control component is powered on and initialized, it controls all LED beads to light up in high-brightness white light mode for one second and then switch to low-brightness white light mode. When any antenna detects an NFC tag, the main control component controls the corresponding LED bead to flash high-brightness red light five times and then switch to low-brightness red light mode.

5. The standard substance management and storage system module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main control component is also equipped with a storage unit for storing environmental parameters and tag information; the main control component compares the stored parameters with preset thresholds, and controls the corresponding dual-color LED beads to issue a warning when the threshold is reached.

6. The standard substance management and storage system module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main control component is equipped with a timed polling mechanism to detect all antennas at preset time intervals; when an NFC tag is detected to leave the antenna area, the main control component controls the corresponding LED to return to a low-brightness white light constant state.

7. The standard substance management and storage system module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control component collects environmental parameters in real time through sensors and records the time and magnitude of parameter changes; the main control component performs data analysis on environmental parameters and generates an analysis report on the impact of environmental changes on standard substances.

8. The standard substance management and storage system module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main control component establishes an independent environmental parameter record for each standard substance, including temperature, humidity, vibration, and light data; the main control component associates and stores the environmental parameters with the substance batch number and production date.

9. The standard substance management and storage system module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control component is equipped with an application programming interface (API) for receiving external control commands; the main control component controls the working status of the specified antenna and LED beads according to the received commands.

10. The standard substance management and storage system module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control component adopts a single-chip dual-drive scanning circuit and transmits data with external devices through a standard communication protocol. The main control component supports multiple wireless communication methods for remote data transmission and system control.

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