Gas-solid reaction apparatus

Abstract

This application provides a gas-solid reaction apparatus, relating to the field of gas-solid two-phase mixing technology. The apparatus includes a reaction component and a gas phase distributor. The reaction component includes a reactor body and a rotating mechanism. The reactor body has a reaction chamber inside, and the rotating mechanism is connected to the reactor body and drives the reactor body to rotate. The reaction chamber has a material dispersing component, which disperses the solid material inside the reaction chamber when the reactor body rotates. This application solves the deficiency of existing gas-solid reaction equipment in achieving uniform mixing between multiple gaseous raw materials and between gaseous raw materials and solid materials, achieving thorough and uniform mixing of micron-sized powders with multiple gaseous raw materials, thus improving reaction efficiency and product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gas-solid two-phase mixing technology, and more particularly to a gas-solid reaction device. Background Technology

[0002] In the preparation of new energy materials and the synthesis of nanomaterials, surface modification or structural growth of micron-sized powders is often achieved through gas-phase reactions. To achieve this, the gas-phase reactants must be in full contact with and uniformly mixed with the micron-sized powders to ensure reaction efficiency and product quality.

[0003] Existing gas-solid reaction devices typically employ a simple material conveying method, using gas flow to drive solid particles to complete the gas-solid mixing process.

[0004] Existing gas-solid reaction devices are unable to achieve uniform mixing between various gaseous raw materials and between gaseous raw materials and solid materials, resulting in uneven mixing of the gas and solid phases and affecting the reaction effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a gas-solid reaction apparatus to address the shortcomings of existing gas-solid reaction equipment in achieving uniform mixing between multiple gaseous raw materials and between gaseous raw materials and solid materials. This apparatus enables full and uniform mixing of micron-sized powder with multiple gaseous raw materials, thereby improving reaction efficiency and product quality.

[0006] This application provides a gas-solid reaction apparatus, including a reaction assembly and a gas phase distributor. The reaction assembly includes a reaction furnace body and a rotating mechanism. The reactor body has a reaction chamber inside, and a material dispersing component is provided inside the reaction chamber. The material dispersing component is used to disperse the solid material inside the reaction chamber when the reactor body rotates. The rotating mechanism is connected to the reactor body and is used to drive the reactor body to rotate. The gas phase distributor includes an outer tube and an inner tube. One end of the outer tube is located inside the reaction chamber, and the other end extends to the outside of the reaction chamber and communicates with a first gas source. The side wall of the outer tube has a plurality of outer tube outlet holes spaced apart along the length of the outer tube. The first gas phase material in the first gas source enters the reaction chamber through the outer tube outlet holes. The inner tube is sleeved inside the outer tube, and there is a gap between the inner tube and the inner wall of the outer tube. The inner tube is located inside the reaction chamber, and one end extends to the outside of the reaction chamber and communicates with a second gas source. The side wall of the inner tube has a plurality of inner tube outlet holes spaced along the length of the inner tube. The second gas phase material in the second gas source enters the reaction chamber through the inner tube outlet holes.

[0007] According to the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this embodiment, the material dispersing component includes a plurality of first material distributors and a plurality of second material distributors; the plurality of first material distributors are spaced apart along the length direction of the reaction furnace body on the inner wall of the reaction furnace body; the plurality of second material distributors are spaced apart along the length direction of the reaction furnace body in the middle of the reaction chamber; when the reaction furnace body rotates, the solid material collides with the first material distributors and the second material distributors to achieve dispersion.

[0008] According to the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this embodiment, a heating component is sleeved on the outside of the reaction furnace body, and the heating component is used to heat the reaction furnace body; the reaction furnace body includes a furnace body feed end and a furnace body discharge end, and the furnace body discharge end is used for the outer pipe and the inner pipe to extend to the outside of the reaction chamber; an airflow guide is provided inside the furnace body feed end, and the gas inside the reaction chamber moves from the furnace body discharge end to the furnace body feed end under the action of the airflow guide; a solid phase feeding assembly is connected to the furnace body feed end, and the solid phase feeding assembly is used to convey the solid phase material into the reaction chamber, and the solid phase material moves from the furnace body feed end to the furnace body discharge end under the action of gravity.

[0009] According to the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this embodiment, the solid phase feeding assembly includes a storage tank, a conveying pipe, and a screw conveyor. One end of the storage tank is provided with a storage tank inlet, and the other end is provided with a storage tank outlet. The storage tank inlet is used to communicate with the feeding system. One end of the conveying pipe is provided with a conveying pipe inlet, and the other end is provided with a conveying pipe outlet. The conveying pipe inlet is connected to the storage tank outlet through a flexible connecting pipe, and the conveying pipe outlet is connected to the furnace body inlet end. The screw conveyor is located inside the conveying pipe and is used to convey the solid phase material into the reaction chamber and drive the solid phase material from the furnace body inlet end to the furnace body outlet end.

[0010] According to the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this embodiment, the solid phase feeding assembly further includes a weighing component, which is disposed in the storage tank and used to weigh the storage tank. The weighing component is signal-connected to the feeding system. When the weight of the storage tank is lower than a first weight, the feeding system feeds material into the storage tank. When the weight of the storage tank is higher than a second weight, the feeding system stops feeding material into the storage tank. The second weight is greater than the first weight, and when the weight of the storage tank is the first weight, the upper surface of the solid material is higher than the outlet of the storage tank.

[0011] The gas-solid reaction device provided in this embodiment further includes a recycling and reprocessing component, which includes a separation tank, a separator, a filter tank, and a filter element. The separation tank has a gas phase inlet on one side at the bottom, a gas phase outlet on the other side at the top, and a slag discharge port at the bottom. The gas phase inlet of the separation tank is connected to the feed end of the furnace body. The separator is located inside the separation tank and is used to separate waste particles from the exhaust gas. The filter tank has a gas phase inlet on one side, a gas phase outlet at the top, and a dust outlet at the bottom. The gas phase inlet of the filter tank is connected to the gas phase outlet of the separation tank, the gas phase outlet of the filter tank is connected to the outside, and the dust outlet of the filter tank is connected to the conveying pipe. The filter element is located inside the filter tank and is used to separate recovered particles from the exhaust gas. The recovered particles enter the conveying pipe through the dust outlet of the filter tank under gravity.

[0012] According to the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this embodiment, the furnace feed end extends into the interior of the separation tank.

[0013] According to the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this embodiment, the separator includes a rotating component, a driving bevel gear, several driven bevel gears, and several blades. The rotating component penetrates the top wall of the separation tank and is rotatably connected to the separation tank; the driving bevel gear is horizontally disposed at one end of the rotating component located inside the separation tank; the several driven bevel gears are vertically and rotatably disposed inside the separation tank, and all of the driven bevel gears mesh with the driving bevel gear; several blades are correspondingly disposed on the driven bevel gears, and the blades are used to rotate in the vertical direction to adjust the size of the gap between two adjacent blades.

[0014] The gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes a cooling waste heat recovery component, which includes a cooling tank, a first cooling component, and a second cooling component. The top of the cooling tank is connected to the discharge end of the furnace body, and the cooling tank is used to collect the solid finished product. The first cooling component includes a first heat exchange tube, a heat exchange coil, a superheated water buffer tank, a superheated water circulation pump, and a steam generator, which are connected end to end to form a closed loop. The superheated water buffer tank is used to store superheated water, and the superheated water circulation pump is used to drive the superheated water to circulate inside the closed loop. The first heat exchange tube extends through the middle of the cooling tank and is used to cool the solid finished product to a first temperature range through heat exchange with the superheated water at the initial temperature. The heat exchange coil is used to convert the water inside the steam generator into steam through the heated superheated water to recover the heat after the superheated water is heated. The second cooling component includes a second heat exchange tube, which extends through the bottom of the cooling tank and is used to cool the solid finished product to a second temperature range. The highest temperature in the second temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range.

[0015] According to the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this embodiment, a first dispersion component is provided above the first heat exchange tube, and a second dispersion component is provided above the second heat exchange tube. Both the first dispersion component and the second dispersion component are used to disperse the solid finished product.

[0016] This application provides a gas-solid reaction apparatus. A rotating mechanism drives the reactor body to rotate, causing the solid material to continuously collide with and disperse the solid material into smaller particles during the tumbling process, thus increasing the specific surface area of ​​the solid material. Simultaneously, the gas phase distributor employs a nested design of outer and inner tubes, with the outer and inner tube outlets spaced along their length, allowing the first and second gas phase materials to enter the reaction chamber uniformly from multiple locations. This structure enables a wider distribution of the gas phase material within the reaction chamber, ensuring sufficient contact with the dispersed solid material, thereby improving the mixing uniformity of the gas and solid phases. Due to the dispersion of the solid material and the uniform distribution of the gas phase material, the reaction efficiency is improved, avoiding problems of insufficient or over-reaction in certain areas. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this application;

[0019] Figure 2A partially enlarged view of the gas phase distributor of the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this application;

[0020] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the gas phase distributor of the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this application;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Sectional view along direction AA in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the solid phase feeding assembly of the gas-solid reaction device provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the recycling and reprocessing component of the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the separator in the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 8 A bottom view of the separator of the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the cooling waste heat recovery component of the gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 9 BB direction sectional view.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 100: Solid phase feeding assembly; 110: Storage tank; 120: Weighing component; 130: Conveying pipe; 140: Screw conveyor; 111: Storage tank inlet; 112: Storage tank outlet; 113: Flexible connecting pipe; 131: Conveying pipe inlet; 132: Conveying pipe outlet; 133: Return port;

[0030] 200: Reaction assembly; 210: Furnace body; 220: Heating component; 230: Rotating mechanism; 211: Airflow guide; 212: Support frame; 213: First material distributor; 214: Second material distributor; 215: Reaction chamber; 216: Furnace body feed end; 217: Furnace body discharge end;

[0031] 300: Recycling and reprocessing assembly; 310: Separator tank; 320: Separator; 330: Filter tank; 340: Filter element; 311: Separator tank gas phase inlet; 312: Separator tank slag discharge port; 313: Separator tank gas phase outlet; 321: Rotating component; 322: Driving bevel gear; 323: Driven bevel gear; 324: Blade; 331: Filter tank gas phase inlet; 332: Filter tank gas phase outlet; 333: Filter tank dust outlet;

[0032] 400: Cooling waste heat recovery assembly; 410: Cooling tank; 420: First cooling component; 430: Second cooling component; 440: First dispersion component; 450: Second dispersion component; 411: Cooling tank inlet; 412: Cooling tank outlet; 413: Discharge valve; 421: First heat exchanger fitting; 422: Heat exchanger coil; 423: Superheated water buffer tank; 424: Superheated water circulation pump; 425: Steam generator; 431: Second heat exchanger fitting; 441: Conical cover;

[0033] 500: Gas phase distributor; 510: Outer tube; 520: Inner tube; 530: Rotary joint; 540: Fixed collar; 511: Outer tube outlet; 521: Inner tube outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0035] As described in the background art, existing gas-solid reaction devices typically employ a simple material conveying method, using gas flow to drive solid particles to complete the gas-solid mixing process. This makes it difficult to achieve uniform mixing between various gaseous raw materials and between gaseous raw materials and solid materials, resulting in uneven mixing of the gas and solid phases and affecting the reaction effect.

[0036] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Reference Figures 1 to 3The gas-solid reaction apparatus provided in this application includes a reaction assembly 200 and a gas phase distributor 500. The reaction assembly 200 includes a reactor body 210 and a rotating mechanism 230. The reactor body 210 has a reaction chamber 215 inside. The rotating mechanism 230 is connected to the reactor body 210 and drives the reactor body 210 to rotate. The reaction chamber 215 has a material dispersing component, which disperses the solid material inside the reaction chamber 215 when the reactor body 210 rotates. Specifically, the reactor body 210 rotates continuously under the action of the rotating mechanism 230, causing the solid material to continuously tumble inside the reaction chamber 215, thereby continuously colliding with the material dispersing component and achieving dispersion.

[0038] The gas phase distributor 500 includes an outer tube 510 and an inner tube 520. One end of the outer tube 510 is located inside the reaction chamber 215, and the other end extends to the outside of the reaction chamber 215 and communicates with a first gas source. The side wall of the outer tube 510 is provided with a plurality of outer tube outlet holes 511 spaced apart along the length of the outer tube 510. The first gas phase material in the first gas source enters the reaction chamber 215 through the outer tube outlet holes 511. The inner tube 520 is sleeved inside the outer tube 510, and there is a gap between the inner tube 520 and the inner wall of the outer tube 510. The inner tube 520 is located inside the reaction chamber 215, and one end extends to the outside of the reaction chamber 215 and communicates with a second gas source. The side wall of the inner tube 520 is provided with a plurality of inner tube outlet holes 521 spaced along the length of the inner tube 520. The second gas phase material in the second gas source enters the reaction chamber 215 through the inner tube outlet holes 521.

[0039] This application uses a rotating mechanism 230 to drive the reactor body 210 to rotate, causing the solid material to continuously collide with the material dispersing component during the tumbling process, thereby dispersing the solid material into smaller particles and increasing the specific surface area of ​​the solid material. Simultaneously, the gas phase distributor 500 employs a nested design of an outer tube 510 and an inner tube 520, with the outer tube outlet 511 and the inner tube outlet 521 spaced apart along the length, allowing the first and second gas phase materials to enter the reaction chamber 215 uniformly from multiple locations. This structure allows for a wider distribution of the gas phase material within the reaction chamber 215, ensuring sufficient contact with the dispersed solid material, thus improving the mixing uniformity of the gas and solid phases. Due to the dispersion of the solid material and the uniform distribution of the gas phase material, the reaction efficiency is improved, avoiding problems of insufficient or over-reaction in certain areas. Furthermore, the gas phase distributor 500 also enables the mixing and introduction of two different gas phase raw materials in a proportional manner or independently and intermittently according to reaction requirements.

[0040] Specifically, the reactor body 210 can be a cylindrical structure with openings at both the left and right ends, and a rotating mechanism 230 is provided at each end. The two rotating mechanisms 230 support the reactor body 210 and drive it to rotate. Since supporting and rotating the reactor body 210 is a mature technology, the rotating mechanism 230 only needs to adopt relevant existing technology, and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Furthermore, the inner tube 520 is fixedly sleeved inside the outer tube 510, and the outer tube 510 is fixedly connected to the reactor body 210. A rotary joint 530 is connected to one open end of both the outer tube 510 and the inner tube 520. The rotary joint 530 has two gas source ports, which are respectively connected to a first gas source and a second gas source. With this configuration, when the reactor body 210 rotates, it will drive the outer tube 510 and the inner tube 520 to rotate together. In addition, a stainless steel wire mesh is provided on the outside of the outer tube 510, and the stainless steel wire mesh is spot-welded onto the outside of the outer tube 510. The outer tube 510, the inner tube 520, and the reactor body 210 are coaxially arranged.

[0042] Furthermore, the ends of both the outer tube 510 and the inner tube 520 that extend into the reaction chamber 215 are closed, while their ends outside the reaction chamber 215 are open. The depth to which the outer tube 510 and the inner tube 520 extend into the reaction chamber 215 is one-quarter to three-quarters of the total length of the reactor body 210. In addition, several vent holes 521 in the inner tube and several vent holes 511 in the outer tube are arranged in a straight line. (Reference) Figure 2 When the outer tube vent 511 is located at the bottom of the outer tube 510, the inner tube vent 521 is located at the top of the inner tube 520; when the outer tube vent 511 is located at the top of the outer tube 510, the inner tube vent 521 is located at the bottom of the inner tube 520. The diameters of the outer tube vent 511 and the inner tube vent 521 can be 2mm-8mm.

[0043] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the material dispersing component includes a plurality of first material distributors 213 and a plurality of second material distributors 214; the plurality of first material distributors 213 are spaced apart along the length of the reactor body 210 on the inner wall of the reactor body 210; the plurality of second material distributors 214 are spaced apart along the length of the reactor body 210 in the middle of the reaction chamber 215; when the reactor body 210 rotates, the solid material collides with the first material distributors 213 and the second material distributors 214 to achieve dispersion. In some possible embodiments, the first material distributors 213 and the second material distributors 214 are uniformly distributed on the cross-section of the reactor body 210.

[0044] Specifically, the interior of the reaction chamber 215 is provided with multiple support frames 212 spaced along its length. Each support frame 212 can be a cross structure with a central annular mounting portion. Multiple fixing rings 540 are fitted around the outer tube 510, passing through and fixedly connected to the annular mounting portion. The four ends of the support frame 212 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber 215, thus securing it inside the chamber. The fixing rings 540 are elastic elements to prevent the outer tube 510 from being affected by thermal expansion.

[0045] Furthermore, the second material distribution component 214 is fixed in the middle of the support frame 212. The support frame 212 has a Z-shaped structure, with its middle section parallel to the rod of the support frame 212 and its left and right sections perpendicular to the rod of the support frame 212 (see details). Figure 4 The first material distribution member 213 is arranged perpendicular to the inner wall of the reaction chamber 215, and the end of the first material distribution member 213 away from the inner wall of the reaction chamber 215 is provided with a corner, the angle of which is an obtuse angle.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first material distributor 213, perpendicular to the inner wall of the reaction chamber 215 and featuring an obtuse angle, effectively intercepts and guides solid materials near the inner wall, reducing material adhesion and promoting dispersion. The second material distributor 214, with a Z-shaped structure and fixed to the center of the cross support frame 212, penetrates and disturbs the material flow in the central region of the reaction chamber 215. The cross structure of the support frame 212 provides stable support and, in conjunction with the fixing collar 540, maintains the stable position of the outer tube 510. This arrangement ensures that the solid material is continuously and alternately dispersed in both the radial and axial directions, preventing material accumulation or the formation of dead zones in specific areas. Because the material is fully dispersed from the inner wall to the center, the specific surface area of ​​the material increases, and the particle distribution becomes more uniform, thus creating more favorable conditions for the uniform contact and reaction of gaseous materials.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, a heating element 220 is sleeved on the outside of the reactor body 210, and the heating element 220 is used to heat the reactor body 210; the reactor body 210 includes a furnace body feed end 216 and a furnace body discharge end 217, and the furnace body discharge end 217 is used to allow the outer pipe 510 and the inner pipe 520 to extend to the outside of the reaction chamber 215; an airflow guide 211 is provided inside the furnace body feed end 216, and the gas inside the reaction chamber 215 moves from the furnace body discharge end 217 to the furnace body feed end 216 under the action of the airflow guide 211; a solid phase feeding assembly 100 is connected to the furnace body feed end 216, and the solid phase feeding assembly 100 is used to convey solid phase materials into the reaction chamber 215.

[0048] The reactor body 210 can be tilted, with the feed end 216 higher than the discharge end 217, allowing the solid material to move from the feed end 216 to the discharge end 217 under gravity. In other embodiments, the feed assembly 100 can continuously and slowly convey solid material into the reaction chamber 215, pushing it towards the discharge end 217.

[0049] Specifically, the heating element 220 is also a cylindrical structure, covering the exterior of the reactor body 210. The heating method of the heating element 220 includes, but is not limited to, resistance heating, electromagnetic heating, and hot air heating. Since heating is a relatively mature technology, it will not be elaborated further here; however, relevant prior art can be consulted for details. It is understood that the solid material in the solid feeding assembly 100 enters the reactor body 210 from the furnace body feed end 216, and then the solid product after reaction is discharged from the furnace body discharge end 217. The airflow guide 211 can be a fan or a vacuum pump; the airflow force of the airflow guide 211 only needs to be sufficient to remove the gas, and does not need to be excessive to prevent the removal of solid material.

[0050] In this embodiment, the heating component 220 heats the reactor body 210 to provide a suitable temperature for the gas-solid reaction inside the reaction chamber 215. The solid phase feeding component 100 feeds the solid phase material into the reaction chamber 215 from the furnace body feed end 216, and causes the solid phase material to gradually move towards the furnace body discharge end 217 under the action of the rotation of the reactor body 210. At the same time, the gas phase material enters the reaction chamber 215 from the furnace body discharge end 217 through the outer pipe 510 and the inner pipe 520, and flows from the furnace body discharge end 217 to the furnace body feed end 216 under the guidance of the airflow guide 211. During this process, the gas phase material reacts with the solid phase material, and the generated tail gas is finally discharged through the furnace body feed end 216.

[0051] This configuration ensures that the solid phase material moves in the opposite direction to the gas phase material, creating a counter-current flow pattern. Due to the counter-current movement of the two phases, the gas phase material and the solid phase material have a longer contact path and more sufficient contact time within the reaction chamber 215. As the gas phase material flows towards the feed end, it continuously contacts the newly added solid phase material, gradually consuming the gas phase reactants and reducing residues. Meanwhile, as the solid phase material moves towards the discharge end, it encounters the more concentrated gas phase material, which is beneficial for maintaining the reaction driving force and improving reaction efficiency. This counter-current flow also promotes the timely guidance and discharge of reaction tail gas, preventing the tail gas from accumulating in the reaction chamber 215 and interfering with the main reaction process.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5In some embodiments of this application, the solid-phase feeding assembly 100 includes a storage tank 110, a conveying pipe 130, and a screw conveyor 140. One end of the storage tank 110 has a storage tank inlet 111, and the other end has a storage tank outlet 112. The storage tank inlet 111 is used to communicate with the feeding system. One end of the conveying pipe 130 has a conveying pipe inlet 131, and the other end has a conveying pipe outlet 132. The conveying pipe inlet 131 is connected to the storage tank outlet 112 via a flexible connecting pipe 113, and the conveying pipe outlet 132 is connected to the furnace body feeding end 216.

[0053] Specifically, the storage tank 110 is vertically arranged, with the inlet 111 located at the top and the outlet 112 at the bottom. The conveying pipe 130 is horizontally arranged below the storage tank 110. The inlet 131 is located at the top of the conveying pipe near its left end, and the outlet 132 is located on the right end face of the conveying pipe. The return port 133 is parallel to the inlet 131 at the top of the conveying pipe and is located between the inlet and outlet. The flexible connecting pipe 113 can be a corrugated pipe, with both ends connected to the outlet 112 and the inlet 131 via flanges.

[0054] The screw conveyor 140 is located inside the conveying pipe 130 and is used to convey solid materials into the reaction chamber 215 and drive the solid materials from the furnace feed end 216 to the furnace discharge end 217. The screw conveyor 140 can adopt a solution in the prior art, which continuously transports solid materials towards the discharge port 132 of the conveying pipe by rotation.

[0055] In this embodiment, a vertically arranged storage tank 110 is coupled with a horizontally arranged conveying pipe 130. The storage tank outlet 112 at the bottom of the storage tank 110 is connected to the conveying pipe inlet 131 at the top of the conveying pipe 130 via a flexible connecting pipe 113, forming a continuous feeding path. Solid material falls from the storage tank 110 into the conveying pipe 130 under gravity, and is then stably conveyed from the conveying pipe inlet 131 to the conveying pipe outlet 132 by the rotating motion of the screw conveyor 140, ultimately entering the furnace body feed end 216 of the reactor body 210. The continuous operation of the screw conveyor 140 drives the solid material to move axially along the conveying pipe 130, thereby achieving directional movement of the solid material within the reaction chamber 215 from the furnace body feed end 216 to the furnace body outlet 217.

[0056] In this configuration, the vertical storage tank 110 utilizes the material's own weight for initial supply, while the horizontal screw conveyor 140 provides stable and controllable conveying power. Because the conveying process is continuous and directionally controllable, blockages or intermittent supply during the conveying process are avoided, providing a stable solid-phase material input for the continuous gas-solid reaction within the reaction chamber 215. Simultaneously, the sealed conveying path effectively prevents gaseous material inside the reaction chamber 215 from escaping through the inlet, maintaining the stability of the reaction environment. Furthermore, the material inside the conveying pipe 130 also acts as a seal, preventing gas from the reaction chamber 215 from entering the conveying pipe 130 to a certain extent.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, the solid-phase feeding assembly 100 further includes a weighing component 120, which is disposed on the storage tank 110 and used to weigh the storage tank 110. Specifically, the weighing component 120 is disposed on the support point of the storage tank 110, so that the entire weight of the storage tank 110 is applied to the weighing component 120. Since the flexible connecting pipe 113 is flexible, the influence of other components on the weight of the storage tank 110 itself can be eliminated, so that the weight weighed by the weighing component 120 is the weight of the storage tank 110 itself and the solid material inside it.

[0058] The weighing component 120 is signal-connected to the feeding system. When the weight of the storage tank 110 is lower than a first weight, the feeding system feeds material into the storage tank 110; when the weight of the storage tank 110 is higher than a second weight, the feeding system stops feeding material into the storage tank 110. Specifically, the second weight is greater than the first weight, and when the weight of the storage tank 110 is the first weight, the upper surface of the solid material is higher than the discharge port 112 of the storage tank. The feeding system also includes a central controller, which is signal-connected to the weighing component 120 and controls the start and stop of the feeding system.

[0059] When the weighing component 120 detects that the weight of the storage tank 110 is lower than a first weight, the weighing component 120 sends this signal to the central controller. Upon receiving the instruction, the central controller controls the feeding system to feed material into the storage tank 110. When the weighing component 120 detects that the weight of the storage tank 110 is higher than a second weight, the weighing component 120 sends this signal to the central controller. Upon receiving the instruction, the central controller controls the feeding system to stop feeding material into the storage tank 110. This configuration ensures that the solid material inside the storage tank 110 is always at an appropriate height, thereby sealing the outlet 112 of the storage tank and preventing gas from entering the storage tank 110 through the conveying pipe 130.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6In some embodiments of this application, the gas-solid reaction apparatus further includes a recycling and reprocessing component 300, which includes a separation tank 310, a separator 320, a filter tank 330, and a filter element 340. The separation tank 310 has a gas phase inlet 311 at the bottom of one side, a gas phase outlet 313 at the top of the other side, and a slag discharge port 312 at the bottom. The gas phase inlet 311 is connected to the furnace feed end 216. Specifically, both the separation tank 310 and the filter tank 330 are vertically arranged and located to the right of the storage tank 110.

[0061] Separator 320 is located inside separator 310 and is used to separate waste particles from the exhaust gas. Specifically, under the action of airflow guide 211, the exhaust gas enters the interior of separator 310 through reaction chamber 215, and then passes through separator 320. Separator 320 separates waste particles of specific particle size, such as tar, from the exhaust gas. The separated waste particles automatically fall to the separator slag discharge port 312 by gravity and are then discharged. The remaining gas enters the filter tank 330 through the gas phase outlet 313 of separator for filtration.

[0062] The filter tank 330 has a gas phase inlet 331 on one side, a gas phase outlet 332 at the top, and a dust outlet 333 at the bottom. The gas phase inlet 331 is connected to the gas phase outlet 313 of the separator via a flange, the gas phase outlet 332 is connected to the outside, and the dust outlet 333 is connected to the conveying pipe 130. A filter element 340 is located inside the filter tank 330 and is used to separate recovered particles from the exhaust gas. These recovered particles enter the conveying pipe 130 through the dust outlet 333 under gravity. The gas entering from the separator 310 also contains solid raw material particles. These particles are intercepted by the filter element 340 after entering the filter tank 330 and fall to the dust outlet 333 under gravity, then enter the conveying pipe 130 to participate in the reaction again. The remaining clean gas is discharged through the gas phase outlet 332.

[0063] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, the furnace body feed end 216 extends into the interior of the separation tank 310. Specifically, the furnace body feed end 216 extends directly into the reaction chamber 215, thereby avoiding the use of connecting pipes and thus avoiding the problem of blockage caused by the use of connecting pipes. Furthermore, a dynamic and static seal is provided between the furnace body feed end 216 and the separation tank 310, so that the furnace body 210 can maintain a seal at the connection point while rotating relative to the separation tank 310.

[0064] Reference Figures 6 to 8In some embodiments of this application, the separator 320 includes a rotating component 321, a driving bevel gear 322, a plurality of driven bevel gears 323, and a plurality of blades 324. The rotating component 321 penetrates the top wall of the separator 310 and is rotatably connected to the separator 310. Specifically, the rotating component 321 includes a rotating rod and a handle. The rotating rod penetrates the top of the separator 310 and is rotatably connected to the separator 310, while the handle is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the rotating rod. The driving bevel gear 322 is horizontally disposed at one end of the rotating component 321 located inside the separator 310.

[0065] Several driven bevel gears 323 are vertically and rotatably mounted inside the separation tank 310 via a support, and each driven bevel gear 323 meshes with a driving bevel gear 322 for transmission; several blades 324 are correspondingly arranged on the driven bevel gears 323, and the multiple blades 324 are arranged in a circumferential array (e.g., Figure 8 (As shown). Blade 324 is used to rotate in the vertical direction to adjust the size of the gap between two adjacent blades 324. By adjusting the gap between two adjacent blades 324, tar or materials of a specific particle size in the exhaust gas can be separated out.

[0066] In this embodiment, the rotating component 321 drives the active bevel gear 322 to rotate, which in turn drives multiple driven bevel gears 323 to rotate synchronously. This causes the blades 324 on each driven bevel gear 323 to deflect at an angle in the vertical plane. When the multiple blades 324 are arranged in a circular array, the deflection of each blade 324 will synchronously change the gap width and airflow channel shape between adjacent blades 324. During the separation process, when the mixed exhaust gas carrying solid dust and tar droplets passes through these blades 324, the blades 324 guide the airflow from linear motion to rotational motion. During the rotation, solid particles and tar droplets with a density greater than that of gas are subjected to centrifugal force and are thrown against the inner wall of the separation tank 310. After impacting the inner wall, they lose kinetic energy and settle to the bottom under gravity, thus achieving separation from the airflow.

[0067] By adjusting the angle of the blades 324 via the rotating component 321, the tangential velocity and centrifugal force of the airflow rotation can be altered: when the blade angle 324 is reduced to be more tangential, the airflow rotation is enhanced, the centrifugal force increases, and smaller particles can be separated; when the blade angle 324 is increased to be more axial, the airflow rotation is weakened, the centrifugal force decreases, and only larger particles can be separated. This adjustment mechanism based on the centrifugal force separation principle allows the separator 320 to dynamically adjust the cutting particle size of the separation equipment according to the particle size and density characteristics of impurities in the exhaust gas, adapting to different process conditions. Since multiple blades 324 are synchronously adjusted through a bevel gear set, the consistency of the airflow channel is maintained, avoiding local flow dead zones. At the same time, the circumferential array arrangement provides sufficient separation area, enabling the equipment to flexibly cope with the complex exhaust gas composition generated by different raw materials and different reaction stages, optimizing the separation effect and system operating efficiency.

[0068] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 In some embodiments of this application, the gas-solid reaction apparatus further includes a cooling waste heat recovery component 400, which includes a cooling tank 410, a first cooling component 420, and a second cooling component 430. The top of the cooling tank 410 is connected to the furnace body discharge end 217 via a dynamic and static seal, allowing the furnace body 210 to rotate relative to the cooling tank 410 while simultaneously sealing the connection between them. The cooling tank 410 is used to collect and discharge solid finished products. Specifically, the top side of the cooling tank 410 has a cooling tank inlet 411, and the bottom has a cooling tank outlet 412 and a discharge valve 413. The discharge valve 413 has a level gauge inside. The level gauge is signal-connected to the discharge valve 413 to ensure that the material level in the cooling tank 410 exceeds the height of the cooling tank 410, thereby ensuring heat exchange efficiency and achieving material sealing.

[0069] The first cooling component 420 includes a first heat exchange tube 421, a heat exchange coil 422, a superheated water buffer tank 423, a superheated water circulation pump 424, and a steam generator 425. The first heat exchange tube 421, heat exchange coil 422, superheated water buffer tank 423, and superheated water circulation pump 424 are connected end-to-end to form a closed loop. The first heat exchange tube 421 passes through the middle of the cooling box 410 and is used to cool the solid product to a first temperature range, specifically 295℃-305℃. The heat exchange coil 422 is located inside the steam generator 425, which has two openings at the top: a water inlet and a steam outlet.

[0070] The temperature of the solid product after the reaction is 500℃-600℃. When the first cooling component 420 is cooling down, it can introduce superheated water at 165℃ (under high pressure) into the superheated water buffer tank 423. The superheated water enters the first heat exchange tube 421 through the superheated water circulation pump 424, where it contacts the solid product and exchanges heat. After heat exchange, the temperature of the solid product drops to 295℃-305℃, and the temperature of the superheated water rises to 180℃ before entering the heat exchange coil 422. There, it contacts the boiler water at approximately 105℃ (under high pressure) inside the heat exchange coil 422 for secondary heat exchange, generating low-pressure steam. The boiler water at 105℃ is continuously replenished through the water inlet of the steam generator, and the generated low-pressure steam is discharged from the steam outlet for utilization, thereby realizing the recovery of waste heat from the material and improving energy efficiency. The superheated water, after being heated by the heat exchange coil 422, is cooled to 165°C and discharged. Then, it passes through the superheated water buffer tank 423 and the superheated water circulation pump 424 in sequence before entering the first heat exchange tube 421, thereby realizing the circulation of the superheated water.

[0071] The second cooling component 430 includes a second heat exchange tube 431, which extends through the bottom of the cooling tank 410 and is used to cool the solid product to a second temperature range, which is less than 60°C. Cooling water at approximately 30°C is introduced into the second heat exchange tube 431 through a circulation device for cooling, resulting in a solid product temperature below 60°C after cooling. It should be noted that the above temperatures are specific to a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the entire device; the specific temperature can be set according to the reactants and actual conditions.

[0072] In this embodiment, the solid finished product is first cooled at a higher temperature by the first cooling component 420, and then cooled at a lower temperature by the second cooling component 430, thereby achieving zoned cooling and improving cooling efficiency. Furthermore, a level gauge monitors the material height inside the cooling tank 410 and works in conjunction with the discharge valve 413 to maintain the material at a height above the cooling tank 410, ensuring both heat exchange efficiency and material sealing. This method allows the heat from the high-temperature material to be effectively recovered by generating low-pressure steam, while simultaneously achieving gradual cooling of the material. Since low-pressure steam has a wide range of applications, the recovered heat energy can be directly utilized in other process steps, improving energy efficiency. The sealing barrier formed by the material seal also effectively prevents backflow of external gas, maintaining a stable atmosphere in the reaction system.

[0073] Reference Figure 10In some embodiments of this application, a first dispersing component 440 is provided above the first heat exchange tube 421, and a second dispersing component 450 is provided above the second heat exchange tube 431. Both the first dispersing component 440 and the second dispersing component 450 are used to disperse the solid product. Specifically, the first dispersing component 440 includes three conical caps 441 arranged in a triangular pattern, each cap having a conical shell structure. The second dispersing component 450 includes two horizontally spaced conical caps 441. With this arrangement, when the solid product enters the cooling box 410 from the cooling box inlet 411, it first collides with the top conical cap 441 of the first dispersing component 440, thus dispersing it. Then, it collides with the two bottom conical caps 441 of the first dispersing component 440 for further dispersion, allowing it to pass more evenly through the first heat exchange tube 421, resulting in more uniform cooling. The two conical caps 441 of the second dispersing component 450 serve the same function.

[0074] The following is an application example 1 of this application (anode material preparation: carbon coating process of micron-sized silicon powder):

[0075] 1. First, introduce gas phase 1 (nitrogen) into the reactor body 210 through the inner tube 520 to replace the atmosphere. Detect that the oxygen content inside the reaction chamber 215 is 0. After the detection is qualified, stop the gas intake.

[0076] 2. The reactor body 210 rotates at 0.5 revolutions per minute, and at the same time, the heating element 220 preheats the reactor body 210 to a temperature of 500°C.

[0077] 3. The solid raw material is silicon powder (particle size approximately 20-100μm), which enters the reactor body 210 through the solid feeding assembly 100 (feed rate of 1000 kg / hour). At the same time, gas phase 2 (acetylene) is introduced into the reactor body 210 through the outer pipe 510.

[0078] 4. Heating element 220 heats the material to approximately 600℃ for a coating reaction. Acetylene decomposes at 600℃ to release carbon, which then deposits onto the silicon powder material. The reaction equation is: C2H2→2C+H2. The acetylene conversion rate is approximately 10-15%. The remaining acetylene gas, generated hydrogen, tar, etc., along with dust, enter the separator 310 from the furnace feed end 216, where the tar is separated.

[0079] 5. The tail gas from which tar has been separated enters the filter tank 330, where the dust content is reduced to below 2% before entering the tail gas system. The filtered silicon powder is returned to the reactor body 210 via the screw conveyor 140.

[0080] 6. The silicon-carbon composite formed after carbon coating enters the cooling box 410 from the furnace outlet 217. It first passes through the first cooling component 420 for waste heat recovery, reducing the temperature of the silicon-carbon composite from 600℃ to 300℃. Then it passes through the second cooling component 430, reducing the temperature of the silicon-carbon powder from 300℃ to ≤60℃ before entering the finished product processing system.

[0081] The following is an application example 2 of this application (anode material preparation: silicon-carbon deposition process of micron-sized graphite powder). It should be noted that this application also provides example 3 - preparation of carbon nanotubes, the process of which is the same as application example 2, only the materials are different, and will not be described again here):

[0082] 1. First, introduce gas phase 1 (nitrogen) into the reactor body 210 through the inner tube 520 to replace the atmosphere. Detect that the oxygen content inside the reaction chamber 215 is 0. After the detection is qualified, stop the gas intake.

[0083] 2. The reactor body 210 rotates at 0.5 revolutions per minute, and at the same time, the heating element 220 preheats the reactor body 210 to a temperature of 500°C.

[0084] 3. The solid powder is graphite powder (particle size less than 100μm), which enters the reactor body 210 through the solid phase feeding assembly 100 (feed rate is 200 kg / hour). Gas phase 2 (silicon source gas) is introduced through the outer pipe 510, and gas phase 3 (carbon source gas) is introduced through the inner pipe 520. Gas phase 1 and gas phase 2 are mixed and enter the gas phase distributor.

[0085] 4. Heating component 220 heats the material to approximately 550℃ for a deposition reaction. At 550℃, silicon and carbon source gases decompose to release carbon and silicon elements, which are then deposited onto the carbon powder material. The gas-phase conversion rate is approximately 10-15%. The remaining silicon and carbon source gases, along with the generated hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, tar, and dust, enter the separator 310 from the furnace feed end 216, where the tar is separated.

[0086] 5. The tail gas from which tar has been separated enters the filter tank 330, where the dust content is reduced to below 2% before entering the tail gas system. The filtered graphite powder is returned to the reactor body 210 via the screw conveyor 140.

[0087] 6. The silicon-carbon composite formed after the deposition of carbon and silicon elements enters the cooling box 410 from the furnace discharge end 217. It first passes through the first cooling component 420 for waste heat recovery, and the temperature of the silicon-carbon composite drops from 600℃ to 300℃. Then it passes through the second cooling component 430, and the temperature of the silicon-carbon powder drops from 300℃ to ≤60℃ before entering the finished product processing system.

[0088] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0089] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gas-solid reaction apparatus, characterized by comprising: The application relates to a reaction device for a gas-solid phase reaction. The reaction device comprises: a reaction assembly (200) comprising: a reaction furnace body (210) provided with a reaction cavity (215) in the inside of the reaction furnace body (210), wherein the reaction cavity (215) is provided with a material dispersing component for dispersing solid-phase material in the inside of the reaction cavity (215) when the reaction furnace body (210) rotates; a rotating mechanism (230) connected with the reaction furnace body (210) and used for driving the reaction furnace body (210) to rotate; a gas phase distributor (500) comprising: an outer pipe (510) provided with one end in the inside of the reaction cavity (215) and the other end extending to the outside of the reaction cavity (215) and being communicated with a first gas source; the side wall of the outer pipe (510) is provided with a plurality of outer pipe gas outlet holes (511) arranged along the length direction of the outer pipe (510), and first gas-phase material in the first gas source enters the reaction cavity (215) through the outer pipe gas outlet holes (511); an inner pipe (520) sleeved in the inside of the outer pipe (510) and being provided with a gap between the inner wall of the outer pipe (510); the inner pipe (520) is provided in the inside of the reaction cavity (215) and extends to the outside of the reaction cavity (215) at one end and is communicated with a second gas source; the side wall of the inner pipe (520) is provided with a plurality of inner pipe gas outlet holes (521) arranged along the length direction of the inner pipe (520), and second gas-phase material in the second gas source enters the reaction cavity (215) through the inner pipe gas outlet holes (521); a circulating and reprocessing assembly (300) comprising: a separation tank (310); a separator (320) provided in the inside of the separation tank (310) and used for separating waste particles in tail gas; wherein the separator (320) comprises: a rotating piece (321) penetrating through the top wall of the separation tank (310) and being rotationally connected with the separation tank (310); a driving bevel gear (322) horizontally provided at one end of the rotating piece (321) in the inside of the separation tank (310); a plurality of driven bevel gears (323) vertically and rotationally provided in the inside of the separation tank (310), wherein the plurality of driven bevel gears (323) are all in meshing transmission with the driving bevel gear (322); 2. The gas-solid reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of blades (324) one-to-one corresponding provided on the driven bevel gears (323), wherein the blades (324) are used for rotating in the vertical direction to adjust the size of the gap between adjacent two blades (324). The material dispersing component comprises a plurality of first material distribution pieces (213) and a plurality of second material distribution pieces (214); the plurality of first material distribution pieces (213) are arranged along the length direction of the reaction furnace body (210) and are arranged on the inner wall of the reaction furnace body (210) in a spaced manner; A plurality of the second material distribution members (214) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the reaction furnace body (210) in the middle of the reaction cavity (215); The solid-phase material collides with the first material distribution member (213) and the second material distribution member (214) to achieve dispersion under the rotation of the reaction furnace body (210).

3. The gas-solid reaction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The reaction furnace body (210) is externally sleeved with a heating component (220) for heating the reaction furnace body (210); The reaction furnace body (210) comprises a furnace body feeding end (216) and a furnace body discharging end (217), and the furnace body discharging end (217) is used for extending the outer tube (510) and the inner tube (520) to the outside of the reaction cavity (215); The inside of the furnace body feeding end (216) is provided with an airflow guide (211), and the gas inside the reaction cavity (215) moves from the furnace body discharging end (217) to the furnace body feeding end (216) under the action of the airflow guide (211); The furnace body feeding end (216) is in communication with a solid-phase feeding assembly (100) for conveying the solid-phase material into the reaction cavity (215), and the solid-phase material moves from the furnace body feeding end (216) to the furnace body discharging end (217) under the action of gravity.

4. The gas-solid reaction apparatus according to claim 3, wherein The solid-phase feeding assembly (100) comprises: A storage tank (110) having a storage tank feeding port (111) at one end and a storage tank discharging port (112) at the other end, and the storage tank feeding port (111) is used for being in communication with a feeding system; A conveying pipe (130) having a conveying pipe feeding port (131) at one end and a conveying pipe discharging port (132) at the other end, and the conveying pipe feeding port (131) is in communication with the storage tank discharging port (112) through a flexible communication pipe (113), and the conveying pipe discharging port (132) is in communication with the furnace body feeding end (216); A screw conveyor (140) arranged inside the conveying pipe (130) for conveying the solid-phase material into the reaction cavity (215) and driving the solid-phase material to move from the furnace body feeding end (216) to the furnace body discharging end (217).

5. The gas-solid reaction apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The solid-phase feeding assembly (100) further comprises a weighing component (120) arranged in the storage tank (110) for weighing the weight of the storage tank (110); The weighing component (120) is in signal connection with the feeding system, and when the weight of the storage tank (110) is lower than a first weight, the feeding system feeds into the storage tank (110); and when the weight of the storage tank (110) is higher than a second weight, the feeding system stops feeding into the storage tank (110); Wherein, the second weight is greater than the first weight, and when the weight of the storage tank (110) is the first weight, the upper surface of the solid-phase material is higher than the storage tank discharging port (112).

6. The gas-solid reaction apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The side bottom of the separation tank (310) is provided with a separation tank gas phase inlet (311), the other side top is provided with a separation tank gas phase outlet (313), the bottom end is provided with a separation tank slag discharge port (312), the separation tank gas phase inlet (311) is communicated with the furnace body feeding end (216); The circulating reprocessing assembly (300) further comprises: A filter tank (330) is provided with a filter tank gas phase inlet (331) on one side, a filter tank gas phase outlet (332) at the top end, and a filter tank dust outlet (333) at the bottom end, the filter tank gas phase inlet (331) is communicated with the separation tank gas phase outlet (313), the filter tank gas phase outlet (332) is communicated with the outside, and the filter tank dust outlet (333) is communicated with the conveying pipe (130); A filter core (340) is arranged in the filter tank (330) and used for separating the recovered particles in the tail gas, and the recovered particles enter the conveying pipe (130) through the filter tank dust outlet (333) under the action of gravity.

7. The gas-solid reaction apparatus according to claim 6, wherein The furnace body feeding end (216) extends into the separation tank (310).

8. The gas-solid reaction apparatus according to claim 3, wherein Further comprising a cooling waste heat recovery assembly (400), the cooling waste heat recovery assembly (400) comprises: A cooling box (410) is communicated with the furnace body discharging end (217) at the top, and the cooling box (410) is used for collecting the solid product; A first cooling component (420) comprises a first heat exchange pipe fitting (421), a heat exchange coil (422), a superheated water buffer tank (423), a superheated water circulating pump (424) and a steam generator (425) which are sequentially connected to form a closed loop; the superheated water buffer tank (423) is used for storing superheated water, the superheated water circulating pump (424) is used for driving the superheated water to circulate in the closed loop, the first heat exchange pipe fitting (421) penetrates through the middle part of the cooling box (410) and is used for lowering the temperature of the solid product to a first temperature range by heat exchange with the superheated water at an initial temperature, and the heat exchange coil (422) is used for converting water in the steam generator (425) into water vapor by the superheated water after being heated to recover the heat of the superheated water after being heated; A second cooling component (430) comprises a second heat exchange pipe fitting (431), and the second heat exchange pipe fitting (431) penetrates through the bottom of the cooling box (410) and is used for lowering the temperature of the solid product to a second temperature range; The highest temperature in the second temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range.

9. The gas-solids reaction apparatus according to claim 8, wherein, A first dispersing component (440) is arranged above the first heat exchange pipe fitting (421), and a second dispersing component (450) is arranged above the second heat exchange pipe fitting (431), and the first dispersing component (440) and the second dispersing component (450) are both used for dispersing the solid product.

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