An end mold assembly and disassembly tool and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application provides an end mold mounting and dismounting tool and a use method thereof, relates to the technical field of concrete box girders, and specifically discloses an end mold mounting and dismounting tool, which comprises a length-adjustable frame body, the frame body is connected with a first positioning mechanism and a second positioning mechanism, the first positioning mechanism and the second positioning mechanism are used for fixing the end mold, the bottom of the frame body is detachably connected with a first driving mechanism, and the two sides of the frame body are detachably connected with second driving mechanisms which can adjust positions in an X-Z plane; the first positioning mechanism and the second positioning mechanism are matched, so that the frame body drives the end mold to move when the frame body moves. The end mold mounting and dismounting tool has the advantages that the end mold is stably fixed on the frame body during movement, the first positioning mechanism and the second positioning mechanism can be matched with the position of an end mold transverse plate and the position of an end mold longitudinal plate, thereby fixing the whole end mold, effectively avoiding shaking of the end mold during movement, and improving the stability of end mold movement and installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete box girder technology, and more specifically, to an end formwork installation and dismantling tool and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] When constructing railways, concrete box girders need to be made. Box girder formwork is used to assist in the pouring process. The box girder formwork mainly consists of four parts: outer formwork, inner formwork, end formwork, and bottom formwork. The formwork needs to be installed and removed before and after the box girder is formed.

[0003] When installing the end formwork, it needs to be mounted on lifting rings and transported to the predetermined position by a crane. Then, the end formwork is manually secured to the pedestal using bolts, rivets, and clamps. This installation method is inconvenient because the large size and insufficient precision of the crane make it difficult to operate. During demolding, operators need to loosen the fixing bolts or pins between the end formwork and the beam, and then use a pry bar to push the end formwork away from the concrete surface. Typically, one side of the end formwork is removed first, followed by the other. It is difficult to maintain a smooth movement during demolding, resulting in significant errors in demolding precision and high safety risks. Furthermore, prying the end formwork also applies force to the surface of the concrete box girder, affecting the surface forming quality. Therefore, neither the installation nor demolding of the end formwork yields ideal results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problem of poor end mold installation and demolding effect.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an end mold installation and removal fixture, including a frame whose length can be adjusted along the X direction, the frame being provided with a plurality of steering wheels, the frame being connected to a first positioning mechanism and a second positioning mechanism, the first positioning mechanism and the second positioning mechanism being used to position the end mold horizontal plate and the end mold vertical plate respectively, so as to fix the end mold;

[0006] The bottom of the frame is detachably connected to a first drive mechanism, and the two sides of the frame are detachably connected to a second drive mechanism that can be adjusted in the XZ plane.

[0007] The first positioning mechanism and the second positioning mechanism cooperate to cause the end mold to move when the frame moves, and the frame has at least two movement states;

[0008] In the first moving state, the frame moves closer to the box girder casting position under the drive of the steering wheel until the end mold moves to the preset assembly position;

[0009] In the second moving state, the first driving mechanism drives the frame to move along the negative Y-axis to move away from the bottom formwork of the box girder, and the second driving mechanism drives the frame to move along the negative Y-axis to move away from the outer formwork of the box girder. At this time, the frame drives the end formwork away from the box girder.

[0010] The end mold installation and removal fixture provided by this invention has, but is not limited to, the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art:

[0011] When installing the end formwork, before the box girder is poured, an assembly position can be preset. The first positioning mechanism is fixed to the horizontal plate of the end formwork, and the second positioning mechanism is fixed to the vertical plate of the end formwork, thus fixing the end formwork to the frame. The steering wheel drives the frame to move, bringing the frame to its first moving state. Driven by the steering wheel, the end formwork moves precisely to the preset assembly position. Operators use bolts, rivets, clamps, and other tools to fix the end formwork to the pedestal, ensuring a good seal between the end formwork and the bottom and outer formwork. Compared to existing crane movement control technologies, the roller movement method of the steering wheel significantly reduces the difficulty, improving the convenience and effectiveness of end formwork installation. During the movement, the end formwork is stably fixed to the frame by the first and second positioning mechanisms. These mechanisms match the positions of the horizontal and vertical plates of the end formwork, effectively preventing swaying during movement and improving the stability of the end formwork movement and installation.

[0012] During demolding, the steering wheel drives the frame to move to the end mold, fixing the first positioning mechanism to the horizontal plate of the end mold and the second positioning mechanism to the vertical plate of the end mold, thus fixing the end mold and the frame relatively. The first and second driving mechanisms are respectively fixed to the bottom mold and the outer mold of the box girder. Under the combined action of the first and second driving mechanisms, the frame is in a second moving state. At this time, the first driving mechanism applies a thrust to the bottom mold, and correspondingly, the second driving mechanism applies a thrust to the outer mold. Since the positions of the bottom and outer molds are fixed, the frame moves in the negative Y-axis direction via the steering wheel under the reaction force, thereby moving the end mold away from the box girder and separating it from the concrete surface of the box girder. The first and second driving mechanisms apply thrust to the bottom and outer molds respectively, rather than directly to the concrete box girder. Compared to the existing method of prying the end mold, this avoids contact with the concrete box girder surface, thus improving the surface forming quality of the box girder and effectively improving the demolding effect of the end mold.

[0013] Furthermore, the first positioning mechanism includes an extension frame fixed to both sides of the frame body. A first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the extension frame. A lifting rod is fixedly installed on the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder. A positioning ring is provided above the lifting rod. The positioning ring is connected to a fixed frame. The fixed frame is welded and fixed to the end mold cross plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning ring is a frustum-shaped ring that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting rod includes a straight portion, which is connected to an inwardly tapered portion, and the curvature of the outer surface of the inwardly tapered portion is adapted to the curvature of the inner surface of the positioning ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the straight portion is provided with a pin hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the second positioning mechanism includes an assembly plate that can move in the XY plane, and the assembly plate is detachably connected to the end mold longitudinal plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the first driving mechanism is a second hydraulic cylinder located at the bottom of the frame, and the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is detachably connected to the bottom formwork of the box girder via a pin.

[0019] Furthermore, the second driving mechanism includes a third hydraulic cylinder disposed on both sides of the frame. The third hydraulic cylinder can move in the XZ plane. The output end of the third hydraulic cylinder is detachably connected to a reaction seat. The reaction seat is fixedly connected to the outer formwork of the box girder.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for using the end mold installation and removal fixture, including the end mold installation and removal fixture as described above;

[0021] The method of use includes:

[0022] When installing the end mold, a preset assembly position is set, the first positioning mechanism is fixed to the horizontal plate of the end mold, the second positioning mechanism is fixed to the vertical plate of the end mold, the end mold and the frame are relatively fixed, and the steering wheel drives the frame to move, so that the frame presents the first moving state.

[0023] When the end mold is demolded, the steering wheel drives the frame to move to the end mold, fixing the first positioning mechanism to the end mold horizontal plate and the second positioning mechanism to the end mold vertical plate. The end mold and the frame are relatively fixed, and the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism are respectively fixed to the bottom mold and the outer mold of the box girder. The first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism cooperate to make the frame present a second moving state.

[0024] Furthermore, a rotating device is provided on the end mold or frame, the rotating device including a fixed rod, the fixed rod being rotatably connected to a sleeve.

[0025] Since the technical improvements and beneficial effects of the method of using the end mold installation and disassembly fixture are at least the same as those of the end mold installation and disassembly fixture, the method of using the end mold installation and disassembly fixture will not be described in detail here. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a mid-range mold in the prior art;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a mid-section mold in the prior art;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view of an end mold installation and removal tool according to an embodiment of the present invention when used on a single line;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a rear view of an end mold installation and removal tool according to an embodiment of the present invention when used on a single line;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fit between the center positioning ring and the lifting bar;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a front view of the end mold installation and removal tooling of this invention when used on a dual-line system;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a rear view of the end mold installation and removal tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention when used on a dual-line system;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating device.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an end mold installation and disassembly fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is equipped with a rotating device.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1. Frame; 11. Base; 12. Side frame; 13. Connecting top frame; 14. Connecting bottom frame; 15. Support frame; 16. Fixing plate; 2. First positioning mechanism; 21. Extension frame; 22. First hydraulic cylinder; 23. Lifting rod; 231. Straight part; 232. Retracting part; 24. Pin hole; 25. Fixing frame; 26. Positioning ring; 3. Second positioning mechanism; 31. Mounting strip; 32. Platform; 33. Sliding seat; 34. Assembly plate; 35. Connecting plate; 36. Screw; 37. Sheet metal; 4. First drive mechanism; 5. Second drive mechanism; 51. Mounting frame; 511. Mounting part; 512. Connecting part; 513. Fixing part; 514. Moving plate; 52. Third hydraulic cylinder; 53. Reaction seat; 6. Rotating device; 61. Fixing rod; 62. Sleeve; 7. Steering wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing multiple embodiments according to this application. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in this application without creative effort will fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application; the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," etc., in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are open-ended terms. Therefore, "comprising," "including," or "having" refers to, for example, a method or apparatus having one or more steps or elements, but is not limited to having only these one or more elements. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] Furthermore, in the attached diagram, the Y-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the front-to-back position, and the positive direction of the Y-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the back, and the negative direction of the Y-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Y-axis) represents the front; in the attached diagram, the X-axis represents the horizontal direction, that is, the left-to-right position, and the positive direction of the X-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the right, and the negative direction of the X-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the X-axis) represents the left; in the attached diagram, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up-down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the up, and the negative direction of the Z-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Z-axis) represents the down.

[0044] It should also be noted that the aforementioned X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] It should be emphasized that when the term "comprising / including" is used in this specification, it is used to explicitly indicate the presence of the stated feature, integer, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, parts, or groups of features, integers, steps, or parts.

[0047] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0048] Single-track and double-track railways are two common types of railway lines, differing mainly in the number of tracks, design complexity, and transport capacity. A single-track railway is a railway line with one and only one track for trains traveling in both directions. On this type of line, trains must follow a single track for bidirectional transport, thus requiring scheduling at different times or locations to ensure smooth train operation. A double-track railway has two tracks in the same direction, typically each track for unidirectional trains. The two tracks are used for trains traveling in opposite directions, and trains can run in both directions simultaneously. In other words, each track has a fixed direction of train travel, forming a complete bidirectional transport corridor.

[0049] See Figures 1-2 During railway construction, concrete box girders need to be fabricated. Box girder formwork is used to assist in the pouring process. Before installation, the end formwork is typically placed on a storage rack. The back of the end formwork is used to contact the concrete box girder during subsequent pouring. The end formwork has several horizontal and vertical end formwork plates. Several pre-drilled holes are also provided in the end formwork so that rubber tubes that will later penetrate the box girder can pass through these holes and extend out of the end formwork.

[0050] In the fabrication of railway concrete box girders, formwork is first installed on a pedestal, then the concrete box girder is poured. After the box girder has formed, the formwork is demolded. In the installed formwork, the bottom formwork is located at the bottom, and an outer formwork is set on each side of the bottom formwork. The bottom formwork and the two outer formworks form a U-shaped space that is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top. An inner formwork is set above the bottom formwork and is located within the accommodating space. Concrete is poured into this U-shaped space, and an end formwork is set at each end of the U-shaped space to close it. This is existing technology and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0051] See Figures 3-4 An end mold installation and removal fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 1 whose length can be adjusted along the X direction. The frame 1 is provided with a plurality of steering wheels 7. The frame 1 is connected to a first positioning mechanism 2 and a second positioning mechanism 3. The first positioning mechanism 2 and the second positioning mechanism 3 are respectively used to position the end mold horizontal plate and the end mold vertical plate to fix the end mold.

[0052] The bottom of the frame 1 is detachably connected to the first drive mechanism 4, which is detachably connected to the bottom formwork of the box girder. The two sides of the frame 1 are detachably connected to the second drive mechanism 5, which can be adjusted in the XZ plane, and the second drive mechanism 5 is detachably connected to the outer formwork of the box girder.

[0053] The first positioning mechanism 2 and the second positioning mechanism 3 work together to make the frame 1 move the end mold when it moves, and the frame 1 has at least two moving states.

[0054] In the first moving state, the frame 1 moves closer to the box girder casting position under the drive of the steering wheel 7 until the end mold moves to the preset assembly position.

[0055] In the second moving state, the first driving mechanism 4 drives the frame 1 to move away from the bottom formwork of the box girder along the negative Y-axis, and the second driving mechanism 5 drives the frame 1 to move away from the outer formwork of the box girder along the negative Y-axis. At this time, the frame 1 drives the end formwork away from the box girder.

[0056] In this embodiment, the box girder is placed along its length (i.e., the Y direction). The end formwork installation and removal fixture can be set at the end formwork at both ends of the box girder. Here, we will use the end formwork at one end of the box girder as an example.

[0057] When installing the end formwork, the box girder has not yet been poured. An assembly position can be pre-set, located at the end areas of the bottom and outer formwork. The first positioning mechanism 2 is fixed to the horizontal plate of the end formwork, and the second positioning mechanism 3 is fixed to the vertical plate of the end formwork, thus fixing the end formwork to the frame 1. The steering wheel 7 drives the frame 1 to move, bringing it to its first moving state. At this point, driven by the steering wheel 7, the end formwork moves precisely to the pre-set assembly position. Operators use bolts, rivets, clamps, and other tools to fix the end formwork to the pedestal, ensuring a good seal between the end formwork and the bottom and outer formwork. Compared to existing crane movement control methods, the roller movement of the steering wheel 7 significantly reduces the difficulty, improving the ease and effectiveness of end formwork installation.

[0058] During movement, the end mold is stably fixed to the frame 1 by the first positioning mechanism 2 and the second positioning mechanism 3. The two first positioning mechanisms 2 and the two second positioning mechanisms 3 can match the positions of the upper end mold's horizontal plate and the end mold's vertical plate, thus providing a four-point fixation for the entire end mold. This effectively prevents swaying during movement and improves the stability of the end mold's movement and installation. In the prior art, the crane's ring-type fixing of the end mold is insufficient for its stability, making it prone to swaying. Even with multiple rings on the top of the end mold for hoisting, it is still susceptible to swaying due to air resistance during movement.

[0059] It should be noted that when installing the end mold, the first drive mechanism 4 and the second drive mechanism 5 should be removed from the frame 1 to avoid the structure of the first drive mechanism 4 and the second drive mechanism 5 being unable to be positioned correctly, which would affect the installation of the end mold. If the on-site construction conditions permit, or if the shape of the outer mold and the bottom mold assembled on the pedestal matches the tooling, and it is not necessary to avoid positioning the first drive mechanism 4 and the second drive mechanism 5, then the first drive mechanism 4 and the second drive mechanism 5 may not be removed to simplify the operation process.

[0060] During demolding, the rudder wheel 7 drives the frame 1 to move to the end mold, fixing the first positioning mechanism 2 to the horizontal plate of the end mold and the second positioning mechanism 3 to the vertical plate of the end mold, thus fixing the end mold and the frame 1 relatively. The first driving mechanism 4 and the second driving mechanism 5 are respectively fixed to the bottom mold and the outer mold of the box girder. Under the combined action of the first driving mechanism 4 and the second driving mechanism 5, the frame 1 is in a second moving state. At this time, the first driving mechanism 4 applies a thrust to the bottom mold, and correspondingly, the second driving mechanism 5 applies a thrust to the outer mold. Since the positions of the bottom mold and the outer mold are fixed, the frame 1 moves in the negative Y-axis direction via the rudder wheel 7 under the reaction force, thereby driving the end mold away from the box girder and separating the end mold from the concrete surface of the box girder.

[0061] When the end formwork detaches from the box girder, it will suddenly vibrate at the contact surface. However, the four-point fixing of the end formwork by the first positioning mechanism 2 and the second positioning mechanism 3 can effectively constrain the end formwork, allowing it to move smoothly while preventing the end formwork from scratching the concrete surface of the box girder due to vibration, thus effectively improving the demolding effect of the end formwork.

[0062] In addition, the first driving mechanism 4 and the second driving mechanism 5 apply thrust to the bottom mold and the outer mold respectively, rather than applying direct force to the concrete box girder. Compared with the existing technology of prying the end mold, they do not come into contact with the surface of the concrete box girder, thereby improving the surface forming quality of the box girder.

[0063] This end-form installation and dismantling fixture can integrate end-form installation and demolding, eliminating the need for cranes and manpower on the construction site, thus improving installation and demolding efficiency while further saving costs.

[0064] In this embodiment, by adjusting the length of the frame 1, the end formwork installation and dismantling fixture can be adapted to the construction of both single-track and double-track railway box girders. Since the width of a single-track railway box girder differs from that of a double-track railway box girder, the specifications of the end formwork used are also different. Adjusting the length of the frame 1 allows the fixture to be adapted to the construction of box girders of different widths, thus expanding its applicability.

[0065] For details, see Figures 3-4 , Figure 8 The frame 1 includes two supports arranged symmetrically along the X-axis. Each support includes a base 11, with inclined side supports 12 welded to the base 11. A fixing plate 16 is welded to the side supports 12, and the fixing plate 16 has multiple mounting holes of different heights. Adjacent bases 11 are assembled together, and adjacent side supports 12 are assembled together via a connecting top frame 13.

[0066] See Figures 3-4 During the construction of the single-track railway box girder, the length of the connecting top frame 13 is relatively short.

[0067] See Figures 9-10 During the construction of the double-track railway box girder, it is necessary to replace the longer connecting top frame 13, and a connecting base frame 14 needs to be installed between the two bases 11 to compensate for the length difference of the replaced connecting top frame 13. To make the structure of the frame 1 more stable and avoid the reduction in strength of the frame 1 due to excessive length and increased self-weight, a support frame 15 is installed between the connecting top frame 13 and the base 11 along the Z-axis. The support frame 15 enhances the overall stability and rigidity of the frame 1, preventing deformation, tilting, or instability of the frame 1 under load. Under the action of external forces, the frame 1 can effectively distribute the load, reduce the bending deformation of the connecting top frame 13 and the base 11, improve the overall bending stiffness of the frame 1, and enable it to withstand greater loads.

[0068] See Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 Optionally, the first positioning mechanism 2 includes an extension frame 21 fixed to both sides of the frame 1. A first hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixedly installed on the extension frame 21. A lifting rod 23 is fixedly installed at the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 22. A positioning ring 26 is provided above the lifting rod 23. The positioning ring 26 is connected to a fixed frame 25. The fixed frame 25 is welded and fixed to the end mold cross plate.

[0069] The positioning ring 26 is a frustum-shaped ring, narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. The lifting rod 23 includes a straight portion 231, which connects to an inwardly tapered portion 232. The curvature of the outer surface of the inwardly tapered portion 232 matches the curvature of the inner surface of the positioning ring 26. In actual manufacturing, efforts are made to ensure that the curvature of the outer surface of the inwardly tapered portion 232 is consistent with the curvature of the inner surface of the positioning ring 26. Due to manufacturing errors, the error between the curvatures only needs to be within the allowable deviation range set in the specifications; they do not need to be perfectly identical.

[0070] In this embodiment, see Figures 5-6 During demolding, the fixing frame 25 is welded to the end mold horizontal plate. The first hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the lifting rod 23 to rise along the positive Z-axis, causing the inner portion 232 to move upwards into the positioning ring 26 until it is fully embedded. Even if there is eccentricity between the inner portion 232 and the positioning ring 26, causing them to be out of axis, the inner portion 232, due to its arc-shaped outer surface, will continuously press against the inner wall of the positioning ring 26 during the lifting process, thus adaptively adjusting its position to achieve precise positioning of the end mold during demolding. This method of adaptive position adjustment through pressing reduces the precision requirements of tooling movement while improving the positioning accuracy of the end mold during demolding, effectively improving the demolding effect.

[0071] Optionally, see Figure 7The second positioning mechanism 3 includes an assembly plate 34 that can move in the XY plane, and the assembly plate 34 is detachably connected to the end mold longitudinal plate.

[0072] Specifically, the second positioning mechanism 3 also includes a mounting strip 31, which can move along the X-axis on the base 11 and is fixed by bolts. A platform 32 is fixed to the top of the mounting strip 31, and a sheet metal 37 is welded to the top of the platform 32. The sheet metal 37 is connected to a screw 36, and a connecting plate 35 is mounted on the screw 36. The connecting plate 35 is fixedly connected to the assembly plate 34. A sliding seat 33 is welded to the platform 32. Under the limitation of the sliding seat 33, the connecting plate 35 can slide within the sliding seat 33 without rotating or twisting.

[0073] In this embodiment, the position of the mounting strip 31 is adjusted, and then the connecting plate 35 and the assembly plate 34 are moved in the positive Y-axis direction by rotating the screw 36 until the end mold longitudinal plate is embedded between the two assembly plates 34. It is then fixed with bolts and nuts to fix the end mold to the frame 1.

[0074] See Figure 5 Optionally, the straight portion 231 is provided with a pin hole 24.

[0075] In this embodiment, after the end mold is fixed by the first positioning mechanism 2 and the second positioning mechanism 3, the subsequent demolding process is carried out.

[0076] After the end mold is demolded, the first hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the lifting rod 23 to move downward along the negative Z-axis until the pin hole 24 is flush with the extension frame 21. The operator inserts a pin or a rod into the pin hole 24. At this time, the pin is locked on the extension frame 21, which facilitates the distribution of the pressure applied by the end mold to the extension frame 21 and the frame 1, avoiding the pressure from acting on the first hydraulic cylinder 22 for a long time, and further improving the service life of the first hydraulic cylinder 22.

[0077] See Figure 4 Optionally, the first drive mechanism 4 is a second hydraulic cylinder located at the bottom of the frame 1. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is detachably connected to the bottom formwork of the box girder via a pin. The bottom formwork of the box girder is generally provided with ear plates. When connecting the bottom formwork of the box girder and the first drive mechanism 4, it is only necessary to embed the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder between the two ear plates and use a pin to pass through the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder to the ear plate to achieve the fixation between the two.

[0078] See Figure 8 Optionally, the second drive mechanism 5 includes a third hydraulic cylinder 52 disposed on both sides of the frame 1. The third hydraulic cylinder 52 can move in the XZ plane. The output end of the third hydraulic cylinder 52 is detachably connected to a reaction seat 53, which is fixedly connected to the outer formwork of the box girder.

[0079] Specifically, the second drive mechanism 5 also includes a mounting bracket 51, which can slide on the fixed plate 16 and is fixed by bolts and nuts. The mounting bracket 51 includes a movable plate 514, on which a fixed part 513 is welded. The fixed part 513 is detachably connected to a connecting part 512, and the connecting part 512 is detachably connected to a mounting part 511. The third hydraulic cylinder 52 is fixed to the mounting part 511.

[0080] To match the position of the end mold longitudinal plate, the position of the third hydraulic cylinder 52 needs to be adjusted. Since the fixed plate 16 is inclined, the position of the third hydraulic cylinder 52 can be changed by adjusting the assembly position of the moving plate 514 and the fixed plate 16. Alternatively, the position of the third hydraulic cylinder 52 can be finely adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of connecting parts 512.

[0081] In addition, unlike the connection between the first drive mechanism 4 and the bottom formwork of the box girder, in the connection between the second drive mechanism 5 and the outer formwork of the box girder, the outer formwork of the box girder is far from the third hydraulic cylinder 52. It is difficult to adapt to different construction scenarios by simply extending and retracting the third hydraulic cylinder 52. Therefore, it is necessary to set a reaction seat 53 as a distance compensation structure between the outer formwork of the box girder and the third hydraulic cylinder 52 to connect the two.

[0082] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for using an end mold installation and removal fixture, including the end mold installation and removal fixture as described above.

[0083] Usage instructions include:

[0084] When installing the end mold, a preset assembly position is set, the first positioning mechanism 2 is fixed to the horizontal plate of the end mold, the second positioning mechanism 3 is fixed to the vertical plate of the end mold, the end mold and the frame 1 are relatively fixed, and the steering wheel 7 drives the frame 1 to move, so that the frame 1 presents the first moving state.

[0085] When the end mold is demolded, the steering wheel 7 drives the frame 1 to move to the end mold, fixing the first positioning mechanism 2 to the end mold horizontal plate and the second positioning mechanism 3 to the end mold vertical plate. The end mold and the frame 1 are relatively fixed, and the first driving mechanism 4 and the second driving mechanism 5 are respectively fixed to the bottom mold and the outer mold of the box girder. The first driving mechanism 4 and the second driving mechanism 5 cooperate to make the frame 1 present a second moving state.

[0086] During the installation of the end mold, the first drive mechanism 4 and the second drive mechanism 5 are removed from the frame 1.

[0087] Whether constructing box girders for single-track or double-track railways, tubular rubber rods are installed along the length of the box girder for subsequent tensioning of prestressed steel bars. During demolding, the rubber rods rub against the end mold or tooling, and the high friction of rubber severely hinders the movement of the rubber rods during the demolding process.

[0088] To address this issue, those skilled in the art typically weld a rod to the front of the end mold, with the rod located outside the pre-drilled hole in the end mold. When the end mold is demolded and moved, the rubber rod overlaps the rod, changing the surface contact between the rubber rod and other workpieces to line contact, further reducing friction. However, the inventors found in multiple construction projects that while this method does improve the friction of the rubber rod, the effect is not significant. Due to the special material of the rubber rod, regardless of whether it is surface or line contact, there is still considerable frictional resistance under its sliding friction state.

[0089] See Figures 11-12 A rotating device 6 is provided on the end mold or frame 1. The rotating device 6 includes a fixed rod 61, and the fixed rod 61 is rotatably connected to a sleeve 62.

[0090] In this embodiment, the fixing rod 61 can be fixedly installed on the front of the end mold and located outside the reserved hole of the end mold. When the end mold is demolded, the rubber tube overlaps the sleeve 62. As the frame 1 moves the end mold away from the box girder, the relative position between the rubber tube and the sleeve 62 changes. Due to its large friction, the rubber tube will drive the sleeve 62 to rotate. For the rubber tube, the rotation of the sleeve 62 is equivalent to rolling along the length of the rubber tube. Rolling friction is much smaller than sliding friction, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the rubber rod on the movement of the end mold due to friction, and reducing the material damage of the rubber rod.

[0091] See Figure 12 In one embodiment, the rotating device 6 can be directly mounted on the frame 1, and the fixing rod 61 is fixedly installed on the frame 1, making the rotating device 6 and the tooling an integrated device. This reduces the impact of friction from the rubber rod and also reduces the manufacturing difficulty of the end mold. Furthermore, different railway box girders have different shapes, and their template shapes will also vary. Installing the rotating device 6 on each type of end mold would increase economic costs. However, assembling the rotating device 6 on the tooling increases its applicability, and considering long-term construction, it can effectively reduce construction costs.

[0092] Since the technical improvements and beneficial effects of the end mold installation and removal tooling are at least the same as those of the end mold installation and removal tooling, the usage method of the end mold installation and removal tooling will not be described in detail again.

[0093] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An end mold attaching and detaching tool characterized by comprising: The frame body (1) includes two supports arranged along the X axis, and the two supports are symmetrically arranged, and the support includes a base (11) and a connecting top frame (13), and a support frame (15) is arranged between the connecting top frame (13) and the base (11) along the Z axis direction; The frame body (1) is provided with a plurality of steering wheels (7), and the frame body (1) is connected with a first positioning mechanism (2) and a second positioning mechanism (3), and the first positioning mechanism (2) and the second positioning mechanism (3) are respectively used for positioning the positions of the end mold horizontal plate and the end mold vertical plate to fix the end mold; The bottom of the frame body (1) is detachably connected with a first driving mechanism (4), and the two sides of the frame body (1) are detachably connected with a second driving mechanism (5) which can adjust the position in the X-Z plane. The first positioning mechanism (2) and the second positioning mechanism (3) cooperate to drive the end mold to move when the frame body (1) moves, and the frame body (1) has at least two moving states; In the first moving state, the frame body (1) is driven by the steering wheel (7) to approach the box girder pouring position, and the end mold moves to the preset assembly position; In the second moving state, the first driving mechanism (4) drives the frame body (1) to move along the negative direction of the Y axis to move away from the box girder bottom mold, and the second driving mechanism (5) drives the frame body (1) to move along the negative direction of the Y axis to move away from the box girder outer mold, at this time, the frame body (1) drives the end mold to move away from the box girder; The first positioning mechanism (2) includes an extension frame (21) fixed on the two sides of the frame body (1), the extension frame (21) is fixedly installed with a first oil cylinder (22), the output end of the first oil cylinder (22) is fixedly installed with a jacking rod (23), the jacking rod (23) is matched with a positioning ring (26) arranged above, the positioning ring (26) is connected with a fixed frame (25), the fixed frame (25) is welded and fixed with the end mold horizontal plate, the positioning ring (26) is a circular truncated cone ring body which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, the jacking rod (23) includes a flat part (231), the flat part (231) is connected with an inward retraction part (232), the curvature of the outer surface of the inward retraction part (232) is matched with the curvature of the inner surface of the positioning ring (26), and the flat part (231) is provided with a pin hole (24); A rotating device (6) is arranged on the end mold or the frame body (1), and the rotating device (6) includes a fixed rod (61) rotatably connected with a sleeve (62).

2. The end mold handling tool of claim 1, wherein, The second positioning mechanism (3) includes an assembly plate (34) which can move in the X-Y plane, and the assembly plate (34) is detachably connected with the end mold vertical plate.

3. The end mold handling tool of claim 1, wherein, The first driving mechanism (4) is a second oil cylinder arranged at the bottom of the frame body (1), and the output end of the second oil cylinder is detachably connected with the box girder bottom mold through a pin shaft.

4. The end mold handling tool of claim 1, wherein, The second driving mechanism (5) comprises third oil cylinders (52) arranged on both sides of the frame body (1), the third oil cylinders (52) can move in the X-Z plane, and the output ends of the third oil cylinders (52) are detachably connected with counterforce seats (53), and the counterforce seats (53) are fixedly connected with the box girder outer mold.

5. A method of using an end mold handling tool, comprising: The end mold mounting and dismounting tool comprises the end mold mounting and dismounting tool and the end mold as claimed in any one of claims 1-4; The use method comprises: When the end mold is mounted, a mounting position is preset, the first positioning mechanism (2) is fixed to the end mold horizontal plate, the second positioning mechanism (3) is fixed to the end mold vertical plate, the end mold and the frame body (1) are relatively fixed, the steering wheel (7) drives the frame body (1) to move, and the frame body (1) presents a first moving state; When the end mold is dismounted, the steering wheel (7) drives the frame body (1) to move to the end mold, the first positioning mechanism (2) is fixed to the end mold horizontal plate, the second positioning mechanism (3) is fixed to the end mold vertical plate, the end mold and the frame body (1) are relatively fixed, the first driving mechanism (4) and the second driving mechanism (5) are respectively fixed to the box girder bottom mold and the box girder outer mold, and the first driving mechanism (4) and the second driving mechanism (5) cooperate to make the frame body (1) present a second moving state.

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