A manufacturing process for high-strength and wear-resistant aluminum alloy profiles

Abstract

This invention relates to a manufacturing process for high-strength, wear-resistant aluminum alloy profiles, belonging to the field of aluminum profile manufacturing technology. The aluminum profile manufacturing process of this invention includes steps such as alloy melting, refining, homogenization heat treatment, extrusion processing, aging treatment, and surface treatment. By optimizing the alloy element composition and processing procedures, the resulting aluminum profiles possess better mechanical properties, significantly improving their hardness, compressive strength, and wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aluminum profile preparation technology, and relates to a process for preparing high-strength wear-resistant aluminum alloy profiles. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum profiles are aluminum materials produced by melting and extruding aluminum rods to obtain different cross-sectional shapes. The production process of aluminum profiles mainly includes three processes: melting and casting, extrusion, and coloring. Among them, coloring mainly includes processes such as oxidation, electrophoretic coating, fluorocarbon spraying, powder coating, and wood grain transfer printing.

[0003] One of the most significant characteristics of aluminum profiles is their lightweight and high strength. Their density is approximately one-third that of steel, meaning that aluminum profiles can significantly reduce overall weight while achieving the same structural strength. This property is crucial for applications seeking lightweight construction, such as new energy vehicles, rail transit vehicles, high-rise building curtain walls, and portable equipment frames. It not only effectively reduces energy consumption and improves transportation and installation efficiency but also enhances the overall performance of the product.

[0004] With my country's large-scale infrastructure investment and rapid industrialization, the output and consumption of aluminum profiles have grown rapidly, making my country the world's largest aluminum profile production base and consumer market. After nearly 10 years of high-speed growth, my country's aluminum profile industry has entered a new stage of development and is showing many new development trends. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a manufacturing process for aluminum profiles. Aluminum profiles obtained using the manufacturing process of this invention have better mechanical properties, high strength and wear resistance, and better performance.

[0006] The present invention employs the following technical solutions to achieve the above objectives:

[0007] A manufacturing process for high-strength, wear-resistant aluminum alloy profiles mainly includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1, Alloy smelting:

[0009] Al (aluminum) is heated to a molten state at 710-720℃, and then a composite modifier, Si (silicon), Cu (copper), Mn (manganese), and RE (rhenium) are added. After melting, N2 is introduced, with the pressure controlled at 0.15-0.20 atm and the gas flow rate controlled at 1.2-2.0 m³ / h. 3 The gas flow rate is 10-15 min; then the temperature is adjusted to 730-750℃, and Mg, Fe, Cr, and Zr are added. After melting, a titanium-boron refining agent is added, and Ar is introduced after melting, controlling the pressure at 0.15-0.20 atm and the gas flow rate at 1.2-2.0 m³ / min.3 The temperature is maintained at 730-750℃ for 1-1.5 hours, with a constant temperature of 5-10 minutes. The resulting liquid aluminum is obtained.

[0010] Step 2, casting of the billet:

[0011] The above-mentioned molten aluminum is poured into a crystallizer through a casting system, and then cooled by cooling water to solidify into an ingot.

[0012] Step 3, homogenization heat treatment:

[0013] The above-mentioned ingots are placed in a homogenizing furnace for homogenization heat treatment;

[0014] Step 4, Extrusion processing of the profile:

[0015] The homogenized heat-treated ingot is heated to 500-520℃, the die is heated to 510-530℃, and the extrusion cylinder is heated to 510-530℃ for extrusion. The extrusion pressure is controlled at 180-220MPa, the extrusion speed is controlled at 3-5m / min, and the extrusion outlet temperature is controlled at 500-510℃. Water quenching is performed at the extrusion outlet, with the water temperature controlled at 30-50℃, and the temperature is cooled to below 50℃. After extrusion, the ingot is straightened and sawn to the required length to obtain the initial profile.

[0016] Step 5, Time-sensitive processing:

[0017] Heat the initial profile to 120-130℃ and hold for 5-6 hours. Then adjust the temperature to 150-160℃ and hold for 8-10 hours. Cool to room temperature with water mist.

[0018] Step 6, Surface treatment:

[0019] High-strength, wear-resistant aluminum profiles are obtained by hard anodizing the aged profiles.

[0020] Preferably, the composite modifier in step 1 is prepared from VB2 (vanadium diboride), C (carbon), Sr (strontium), and Al (aluminum).

[0021] More preferably, the weight ratio of each raw material in the composite modifier is VB2 0.2-0.4%, C 0.05-0.08%, Sr 0.1-0.15%, with the balance being Al.

[0022] More preferably, the preparation method of the composite modifier is as follows: Al, VB2 and C powders are ball-milled for 8 hours, then Sr is added and ball-milled for another 2 hours. The mixture is then made into round blocks with a diameter of 20 mm, placed in a vacuum high-temperature hot press furnace and sintered at 1000°C for 1.5 hours under vacuum. The temperature is then lowered to 200°C and pressed into blocks to obtain the composite modifier.

[0023] Preferably, the weight ratio of each raw material in the aluminum profile is as follows: Mg 0.8-1.2%, Si 0.4-0.8%, Cu 0.2-0.3%, Fe 0.1-0.15%, Cr 0.04-0.05%, Mn 0.11-0.13%, Zr 0.015-0.02%, RE 0.05-0.06%, titanium boron refining agent 0.3-0.4%, composite modifier 0.1-0.15%, and the balance being Al.

[0024] Preferably, in step 2 of the casting process, the furnace outlet temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 730-740℃, the casting temperature is controlled at 710-720℃, the casting speed is controlled at 105-115mm / min, the inlet temperature of the cooling water is not higher than 25℃, and the outlet temperature is not higher than 45℃.

[0025] Preferably, the specific operation of the homogenization heat treatment in step 3 is as follows: the ingot is placed in a homogenizing furnace, heated to 500-520℃, held for 1-2 hours, then the temperature is adjusted to 310-330℃ and held for 4-6 hours; then the temperature is raised to 540-550℃ and held for 3-5 hours; then the temperature is lowered to 290-300℃ and held for 1-2 hours. After being taken out of the furnace, it is cooled by forced air cooling and water mist cooling.

[0026] Preferably, the hard anodizing treatment in step 6 is as follows: drilling and tapping holes in the profile, connecting wires, sanding, then sequentially treating with 50g / L NaOH solution, deionized water, and acetone, drying, and placing in a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of [value missing], at 5℃, 80V voltage, and 3A / dm² [value missing]. 2 Under current density, the profile is treated for 80 minutes, washed with water, and then immersed in water at 70-80℃ for 30 minutes. After drying, a high-strength wear-resistant aluminum profile is obtained.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] In the aluminum profile preparation process of this invention, by controlling the alloy element composition and adding rare earth elements, the mechanical properties of the aluminum profile can be improved without increasing the content of magnesium, silicon, etc., thus ensuring the performance of the aluminum profile. At the same time, composite modifiers and titanium boron refiners are added to refine the grains and improve the strength. In the alloy melting process, refining is combined to fully reduce inclusions.

[0029] Secondly, the homogenization heat treatment process is optimized. In the homogenization heat treatment stage, variable temperature heat treatment is adopted, which allows the alloying elements to be better distributed, eliminates component segregation, forms a supersaturated solid solution, and can also refine the physical structure, eliminate coarse second-phase particles, reduce segregation, and make the alloying elements more uniformly distributed, which can significantly improve the tensile strength, yield strength and other mechanical properties of coriander.

[0030] Finally, by optimizing processes such as extrusion and aging treatment, fine microstructures are obtained, grains are refined, and the strength of aluminum profiles is enhanced. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this application.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Step 1, Alloy smelting:

[0034] First, weigh the raw materials of the composite modifier according to the following weight ratio:

[0035] VB2 0.4%, C 0.08%, Sr 0.15%, balance Al;

[0036] The composite modifier was prepared according to the following method:

[0037] After ball milling Al, VB2, and C powders for 8 hours, Sr was added, and ball milling continued for 2 hours. The resulting material was then formed into round blocks with a diameter of 20 mm. These blocks were placed in a vacuum high-temperature hot press furnace and sintered at 1000°C under vacuum for 1.5 hours. The temperature was then lowered to 200°C, and the blocks were pressed into blocks to obtain the composite modifier.

[0038] Secondly, prepare the aluminum profile raw materials according to the following weight ratio:

[0039] The composition is as follows: Mg 1.2%, Si 0.8%, Cu 0.3%, Fe 0.15%, Cr 0.05%, Mn 0.13%, Zr 0.02%, RE 0.06%, titanium-boron refining agent 0.4%, the above-prepared composite modifier 0.15%, and the balance is Al.

[0040] Al was heated to a molten state at 720℃, and then a composite modifier, Si, Cu, Mn, and RE were added. After melting, N2 was introduced, with the pressure controlled at 0.20 atm and the gas flow rate controlled at 1.2 m³ / s. 3 The temperature was adjusted to 750℃, and Mg, Fe, Cr, and Zr were added. After melting, a titanium-boron refining agent was added, and Ar was introduced after melting, with the pressure controlled at 0.15 atm and the gas flow rate controlled at 2.0 m³ / min. 3 / min, time 5min; then continue to hold at 750℃ for 1h to obtain aluminum liquid;

[0041] Step 2, casting of the billet:

[0042] The above-mentioned molten aluminum is poured into a crystallizer through a casting system, and then cooled by cooling water to solidify into an ingot. The furnace temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 730℃, the casting temperature is controlled at 710℃, the casting speed is controlled at 115mm / min, the inlet temperature of the cooling water is not higher than 25℃, and the outlet temperature is not higher than 45℃.

[0043] Step 3, homogenization heat treatment:

[0044] The above-mentioned ingots were placed in a homogenizing furnace, heated to 520°C, held for 1 hour, then the temperature was adjusted to 330°C and held for 4 hours; then the temperature was raised to 550°C and held for 3 hours; then the temperature was lowered to 300°C and held for 1 hour. After being taken out of the furnace, the ingots were cooled by forced air cooling and water mist cooling.

[0045] Step 4, Extrusion processing of the profile:

[0046] The homogenized heat-treated ingot is heated to 520℃, the die is heated to 530℃, and the extrusion cylinder is heated to 530℃ for extrusion. The extrusion pressure is controlled at 220MPa, the extrusion speed is controlled at 5m / min, and the extrusion outlet temperature is controlled at 510℃. Water quenching is performed at the extrusion outlet, with the water temperature controlled at 50℃, and the material is cooled to below 50℃. After extrusion, the material is straightened and sawn to the required length to obtain the initial profile.

[0047] Step 5, Time-sensitive processing:

[0048] The initial profile was heated to 130℃ and held for 5 hours. Then the temperature was adjusted to 160℃ and held for 8 hours. The profile was then cooled to room temperature with water mist.

[0049] Step 6, Surface treatment:

[0050] The aged profiles were then subjected to hard anodizing: holes were drilled and tapped in the profiles, wires were connected, and the profiles were sanded. They were then treated sequentially with a 50g / L NaOH solution, deionized water, and acetone. After drying, the profiles were placed in a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of [missing value] and subjected to [missing value] at 5℃, 80V voltage, and 3A / dm³. 2 Under current density, the profile is treated for 80 minutes, washed with water, and then immersed in water at 70-80℃ for 30 minutes. After drying, a high-strength wear-resistant aluminum profile is obtained.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Step 1, Alloy smelting:

[0053] First, weigh the raw materials of the composite modifier according to the following weight ratio:

[0054] VB2 0.2%, C 0.05%, Sr 0.1%, balance Al;

[0055] The composite modifier was prepared according to the following method:

[0056] After ball milling Al, VB2, and C powders for 8 hours, Sr was added, and ball milling continued for 2 hours. The resulting material was then formed into round blocks with a diameter of 20 mm. These blocks were placed in a vacuum high-temperature hot press furnace and sintered at 1000°C under vacuum for 1.5 hours. The temperature was then lowered to 200°C, and the blocks were pressed into blocks to obtain the composite modifier.

[0057] Secondly, prepare the aluminum profile raw materials according to the following weight ratio:

[0058] The composition is as follows: Mg 0.8%, Si 0.4%, Cu 0.2%, Fe 0.1%, Cr 0.04%, Mn 0.11%, Zr 0.015%, RE 0.05%, titanium-boron refining agent 0.3%, the above-prepared composite modifier 0.1%, and the balance is Al.

[0059] Al was heated to a molten state at 720℃, and then a composite modifier, Si, Cu, Mn, and RE were added. After melting, N2 was introduced, with the pressure controlled at 0.15 atm and the gas flow rate controlled at 2.0 m³ / s. 3 The temperature was adjusted to 730℃, and Mg, Fe, Cr, and Zr were added. After melting, a titanium-boron refining agent was added, and Ar was introduced after melting, with the pressure controlled at 0.20 atm and the gas flow rate controlled at 1.2 m³ / min. 3 / min, time 10min; then continue to hold at 730℃ for 1.5h to obtain aluminum liquid;

[0060] Step 2, casting of the billet:

[0061] The above-mentioned molten aluminum is poured into a crystallizer through a casting system, and then cooled by cooling water to solidify into an ingot. The furnace temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 740℃, the casting temperature is controlled at 720℃, the casting speed is controlled at 105mm / min, the inlet temperature of the cooling water is not higher than 25℃, and the outlet temperature is not higher than 45℃.

[0062] Step 3, homogenization heat treatment:

[0063] The above-mentioned ingots were placed in a homogenizing furnace, heated to 500°C, held for 2 hours, then the temperature was adjusted to 310°C and held for 6 hours; then the temperature was raised to 540°C and held for 5 hours; then the temperature was lowered to 290°C and held for 2 hours. After being taken out of the furnace, the ingots were cooled by forced air cooling and water mist cooling.

[0064] Step 4, Extrusion processing of the profile:

[0065] The homogenized heat-treated ingot is heated to 500℃, the die is heated to 510℃, and the extrusion cylinder is heated to 510℃ for extrusion. The extrusion pressure is controlled at 180MPa, the extrusion speed is controlled at 3m / min, and the extrusion outlet temperature is controlled at 500℃. Water quenching is performed at the extrusion outlet, with the water temperature controlled at 30℃, and the temperature is cooled to below 50℃. After extrusion, the ingot is straightened and sawn to the required length to obtain the initial profile.

[0066] Step 5, Time-sensitive processing:

[0067] The initial profile was heated to 120℃ and kept at that temperature for 6 hours. Then the temperature was adjusted to 150℃ and kept at that temperature for 10 hours. The profile was then cooled to room temperature with water mist.

[0068] Step 6, Surface treatment:

[0069] The aged profiles were then subjected to hard anodizing: holes were drilled and tapped in the profiles, wires were connected, and the profiles were sanded. They were then treated sequentially with a 50g / L NaOH solution, deionized water, and acetone. After drying, the profiles were placed in a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of [missing value] and subjected to [missing value] at 5℃, 80V voltage, and 3A / dm³. 2 Under current density, the profile is treated for 80 minutes, washed with water, and then immersed in water at 70-80℃ for 30 minutes. After drying, a high-strength wear-resistant aluminum profile is obtained.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] Step 1, Alloy smelting:

[0072] First, weigh the raw materials of the composite modifier according to the following weight ratio:

[0073] VB2 0.3%, C 0.06%, Sr 0.13%, balance Al;

[0074] The composite modifier was prepared according to the following method:

[0075] After ball milling Al, VB2, and C powders for 8 hours, Sr was added, and ball milling continued for 2 hours. The resulting material was then formed into round blocks with a diameter of 20 mm. These blocks were placed in a vacuum high-temperature hot press furnace and sintered at 1000°C under vacuum for 1.5 hours. The temperature was then lowered to 200°C, and the blocks were pressed into blocks to obtain the composite modifier.

[0076] Secondly, prepare the aluminum profile raw materials according to the following weight ratio:

[0077] Mg 1.0%, Si 0.6%, Cu 0.25%, Fe 0.13%, Cr 0.04-0.05%, Mn 0.12%, Zr 0.018%, RE 0.06%, titanium-boron refining agent 0.35%, the above-prepared composite modifier 0.13%, with the balance being Al;

[0078] Al was heated to a molten state at 720℃, and then a composite modifier, Si, Cu, Mn, and RE were added. After melting, N2 was introduced, with the pressure controlled at 0.20 atm and the gas flow rate controlled at 2.0 m³ / h. 3 The temperature was adjusted to 750℃, and Mg, Fe, Cr, and Zr were added. After melting, a titanium-boron refining agent was added, and Ar was introduced after melting, with the pressure controlled at 0.15 atm and the gas flow rate controlled at 1.2 m³ / min. 3 / min, time 10min; then continue to hold at 750℃ for 1h to obtain aluminum liquid;

[0079] Step 2, casting of the billet:

[0080] The above-mentioned molten aluminum is poured into a crystallizer through a casting system, and then cooled by cooling water to solidify into an ingot. The furnace temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 740℃, the casting temperature is controlled at 720℃, the casting speed is controlled at 110mm / min, the inlet temperature of the cooling water is not higher than 25℃, and the outlet temperature is not higher than 45℃.

[0081] Step 3, homogenization heat treatment:

[0082] The above-mentioned ingots were placed in a homogenizing furnace, heated to 510°C, held for 1.5 hours, then the temperature was adjusted to 320°C and held for 5 hours; then the temperature was raised to 550°C and held for 4 hours; then the temperature was lowered to 300°C and held for 1.5 hours. After being taken out of the furnace, the ingots were cooled by forced air cooling and water mist cooling.

[0083] Step 4, Extrusion processing of the profile:

[0084] The homogenized heat-treated ingot is heated to 510℃, the die is heated to 520℃, and the extrusion cylinder is heated to 520℃ for extrusion. The extrusion pressure is controlled at 200MPa, the extrusion speed is controlled at 4m / min, and the extrusion outlet temperature is controlled at 510℃. Water quenching is performed at the extrusion outlet, with the water temperature controlled at 40℃, and the temperature is cooled to below 50℃. After extrusion, the ingot is straightened and sawn to the required length to obtain the initial profile.

[0085] Step 5, Time-sensitive processing:

[0086] The initial profile was heated to 130℃ and held for 6 hours. Then the temperature was adjusted to 150℃ and held for 10 hours. The profile was then cooled to room temperature with water mist.

[0087] Step 6, Surface treatment:

[0088] The aged profiles were then subjected to hard anodizing: holes were drilled and tapped in the profiles, wires were connected, and the profiles were sanded. They were then treated sequentially with a 50g / L NaOH solution, deionized water, and acetone. After drying, the profiles were placed in a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of [missing value] and subjected to [missing value] at 5℃, 80V voltage, and 3A / dm³. 2 Under current density, the profile is treated for 80 minutes, washed with water, and then immersed in water at 70-80℃ for 30 minutes. After drying, a high-strength wear-resistant aluminum profile is obtained.

[0089] Comparative Example 1

[0090] Step 1, Alloy smelting:

[0091] Prepare aluminum profile raw materials according to the following weight ratio:

[0092] Mg 1.0%, Si 0.6%, Cu 0.25%, Fe 0.13%, Cr 0.04-0.05%, Mn 0.12%, Zr 0.018%, RE 0.06%, titanium boron refining agent 0.35%, balance Al;

[0093] Al was heated to a molten state at 720℃, and Si, Cu, and Mn were added. After melting, N2 was introduced. The temperature was then adjusted to 750℃, and Mg, Fe, and Cr were added. After melting, a titanium-boron refining agent was added, and after melting, Ar was introduced, controlling the pressure at 0.15 atm and the gas flow rate at 1.2 m³ / min. 3 / min, time 10min; then continue to hold at 750℃ for 1h to obtain aluminum liquid;

[0094] Step 2, casting of the billet:

[0095] The above-mentioned molten aluminum is poured into a crystallizer through a casting system, and then cooled by cooling water to solidify into an ingot. The furnace temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 740℃, the casting temperature is controlled at 720℃, the casting speed is controlled at 110mm / min, the inlet temperature of the cooling water is not higher than 25℃, and the outlet temperature is not higher than 45℃.

[0096] Step 3, homogenization heat treatment:

[0097] The above-mentioned ingots were placed in a homogenizing furnace, heated to 510°C, held for 1.5 hours, then the temperature was adjusted to 320°C and held for 5 hours; then the temperature was raised to 550°C and held for 4 hours; then the temperature was lowered to 300°C and held for 1.5 hours. After being taken out of the furnace, the ingots were cooled by forced air cooling and water mist cooling.

[0098] Step 4, Extrusion processing of the profile:

[0099] The homogenized heat-treated ingot is heated to 510℃, the die is heated to 520℃, and the extrusion cylinder is heated to 520℃ for extrusion. The extrusion pressure is controlled at 200MPa, the extrusion speed is controlled at 4m / min, and the extrusion outlet temperature is controlled at 510℃. Water quenching is performed at the extrusion outlet, with the water temperature controlled at 40℃, and the temperature is cooled to below 50℃. After extrusion, the ingot is straightened and sawn to the required length to obtain the initial profile.

[0100] Step 5, Time-sensitive processing:

[0101] The initial profile was heated to 130℃ and held for 6 hours. Then the temperature was adjusted to 150℃ and held for 10 hours. The profile was then cooled to room temperature with water mist.

[0102] Step 6, Surface treatment:

[0103] The aged profiles were then subjected to hard anodizing: holes were drilled and tapped in the profiles, wires were connected, and the profiles were sanded. They were then treated sequentially with a 50g / L NaOH solution, deionized water, and acetone. After drying, the profiles were placed in a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of [missing value] and subjected to [missing value] at 5℃, 80V voltage, and 3A / dm³. 2 Under current density, the profile is treated for 80 minutes, washed with water, and then immersed in water at 70-80℃ for 30 minutes. After drying, a high-strength wear-resistant aluminum profile is obtained.

[0104] Comparative Example 2

[0105] Step 1, Alloy smelting:

[0106] First, weigh the raw materials of the composite modifier according to the following weight ratio:

[0107] C 0.06%, Sr 0.13%, balance Al;

[0108] The composite modifier was prepared according to the following method:

[0109] After ball milling Al and C powders for 8 hours, Sr is added and ball milling continues for 2 hours. The resulting material is then formed into round blocks with a diameter of 20 mm. These blocks are placed in a vacuum high-temperature hot press furnace and sintered at 1000°C under vacuum for 1.5 hours. The temperature is then lowered to 200°C and pressed into blocks to obtain the composite modifier.

[0110] Secondly, prepare the aluminum profile raw materials according to the following weight ratio:

[0111] Mg 1.0%, Si 0.6%, Cu 0.25%, Fe 0.13%, Cr 0.04-0.05%, Mn 0.12%, Zr 0.018%, RE 0.06%, titanium-boron refining agent 0.35%, the above-prepared composite modifier 0.13%, with the balance being Al;

[0112] Al was heated to a molten state at 720℃, and then a composite modifier, Si, Cu, Mn, and RE were added. After melting, N2 was introduced, with the pressure controlled at 0.20 atm and the gas flow rate controlled at 2.0 m³ / h. 3 The gas flow rate was set at 13 min / min; then the temperature was adjusted to 750℃, and Mg, Fe, and Zr were added. After melting, Ar was introduced, with the pressure controlled at 0.15 atm and the gas flow rate controlled at 1.2 m³ / min. 3 / min, time 10min; then continue to hold at 750℃ for 1h to obtain aluminum liquid;

[0113] Step 2, casting of the billet:

[0114] The above-mentioned molten aluminum is poured into a crystallizer through a casting system, and then cooled by cooling water to solidify into an ingot. The furnace temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 740℃, the casting temperature is controlled at 720℃, the casting speed is controlled at 110mm / min, the inlet temperature of the cooling water is not higher than 25℃, and the outlet temperature is not higher than 45℃.

[0115] Step 3, homogenization heat treatment:

[0116] The above-mentioned ingots were placed in a homogenizing furnace, heated to 510°C, held for 1.5 hours, then the temperature was adjusted to 320°C and held for 5 hours; then the temperature was raised to 550°C and held for 4 hours; then the temperature was lowered to 300°C and held for 1.5 hours. After being taken out of the furnace, the ingots were cooled by forced air cooling and water mist cooling.

[0117] Step 4, Extrusion processing of the profile:

[0118] The homogenized heat-treated ingot is heated to 510℃, the die is heated to 520℃, and the extrusion cylinder is heated to 520℃ for extrusion. The extrusion pressure is controlled at 200MPa, the extrusion speed is controlled at 4m / min, and the extrusion outlet temperature is controlled at 510℃. Water quenching is performed at the extrusion outlet, with the water temperature controlled at 40℃, and the temperature is cooled to below 50℃. After extrusion, the ingot is straightened and sawn to the required length to obtain the initial profile.

[0119] Step 5, Time-sensitive processing:

[0120] The initial profile was heated to 130℃ and held for 6 hours. Then the temperature was adjusted to 150℃ and held for 10 hours. The profile was then cooled to room temperature with water mist.

[0121] Step 6, Surface treatment:

[0122] The aged profiles were then subjected to hard anodizing: holes were drilled and tapped in the profiles, wires were connected, and the profiles were sanded. They were then treated sequentially with a 50g / L NaOH solution, deionized water, and acetone. After drying, the profiles were placed in a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of [missing value] and subjected to [missing value] at 5℃, 80V voltage, and 3A / dm³.2 Under current density, the profile is treated for 80 minutes, washed with water, and then immersed in water at 70-80℃ for 30 minutes. After drying, a high-strength wear-resistant aluminum profile is obtained.

[0123] Comparative Example 3

[0124] Step 1, Alloy smelting:

[0125] First, weigh the raw materials of the composite modifier according to the following weight ratio:

[0126] VB2 0.3%, C 0.06%, Sr 0.13%, balance Al;

[0127] The composite modifier was prepared according to the following method:

[0128] After ball milling Al, VB2, and C powders for 8 hours, Sr was added, and ball milling continued for 2 hours. The resulting material was then formed into round blocks with a diameter of 20 mm. These blocks were placed in a vacuum high-temperature hot press furnace and sintered at 1000°C under vacuum for 1.5 hours. The temperature was then lowered to 200°C, and the blocks were pressed into blocks to obtain the composite modifier.

[0129] Secondly, prepare the aluminum profile raw materials according to the following weight ratio:

[0130] Mg 1.0%, Si 0.6%, Cu 0.25%, Fe 0.13%, Cr 0.04-0.05%, Mn 0.12%, Zr 0.018%, RE 0.06%, titanium-boron refining agent 0.35%, the above-prepared composite modifier 0.13%, with the balance being Al;

[0131] Al was heated to a molten state at 720℃, and composite modifiers, Si, Cu, Mn, Mg and Fe were added. After melting, titanium boron refining agent was added, and the mixture was kept at 750℃ for 1 hour to obtain molten aluminum.

[0132] First, introduce gas into the resulting molten aluminum at a controlled pressure of 0.20 atm and a flow rate of 2.0 m³ / h. 3 The flow rate was controlled at 13 min / min, followed by the introduction of Ar gas at a controlled pressure of 0.20 atm and a flow rate of 2.0 m³ / min. 3 / min, time 10min, to obtain refined aluminum liquid;

[0133] Step 2, casting of the billet:

[0134] The above-mentioned refined aluminum liquid is poured into the crystallizer through the casting system, and the cooling water is used for forced cooling to solidify into ingots; wherein, the furnace temperature of the aluminum liquid is controlled at 740℃, the casting temperature is controlled at 720℃, the casting speed is controlled at 110mm / min, the inlet temperature of the cooling water is not higher than 25℃, and the outlet temperature is not higher than 45℃.

[0135] Step 3, homogenization heat treatment:

[0136] The above-mentioned ingots were placed in a homogenizing furnace, heated to 320°C, and held for 5 hours; then the temperature was increased to 550°C and held for 4 hours. After being taken out of the furnace, they were cooled by forced air cooling and water mist cooling.

[0137] Step 4, Extrusion processing of the profile:

[0138] The homogenized heat-treated ingot is heated to 510℃, the die is heated to 520℃, and the extrusion cylinder is heated to 520℃ for extrusion. The extrusion pressure is controlled at 200MPa, the extrusion speed is controlled at 4m / min, and the extrusion outlet temperature is controlled at 510℃. Water quenching is performed at the extrusion outlet, with the water temperature controlled at 40℃, and the temperature is cooled to below 50℃. After extrusion, the ingot is straightened and sawn to the required length to obtain the initial profile.

[0139] Step 5, Time-sensitive processing:

[0140] The initial profile was heated to 130℃ and held for 6 hours. Then the temperature was adjusted to 150℃ and held for 10 hours. The profile was then cooled to room temperature with water mist.

[0141] Step 6, Surface treatment:

[0142] The aged profiles were then subjected to hard anodizing: holes were drilled and tapped in the profiles, wires were connected, and the profiles were sanded. They were then treated sequentially with a 50g / L NaOH solution, deionized water, and acetone. After drying, the profiles were placed in a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of [missing value] and subjected to [missing value] at 5℃, 80V voltage, and 3A / dm³. 2 Under current density, the profile is treated for 80 minutes, washed with water, and then immersed in water at 70-80℃ for 30 minutes. After drying, a high-strength wear-resistant aluminum profile is obtained.

[0143] Performance testing

[0144] The performance of the aluminum profiles obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0145] Table 1 Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Profiles

[0146]

[0147] As shown in Table 1, the present invention improves the formulation of aluminum profiles by adding rare earth elements, which provides effective heterogeneous nuclei for aluminum alloys, making the aluminum more fine and uniform during the crystallization process and effectively improving the hardness of aluminum profiles. At the same time, the addition of composite modifiers and titanium boron refiners works together to control the solidification rate of the alloy, making the grain size in the alloy smaller, improving the strength and toughness of aluminum profiles, and improving their mechanical properties.

[0148] Furthermore, the present invention employs multi-stage artificial aging treatment to reduce segregation during the preparation process, resulting in a more uniform distribution of alloying elements, eliminating internal stress, improving the stability of aluminum profiles, and enhancing their strength and wear resistance while ensuring toughness.

Claims

1. A process for the production of high strength wear resistant aluminium alloy sections, characterised in that, It mainly comprises the following steps: Step 1, alloy smelting: Al is heated to melt at 710-720℃, composite modifier, Si, Cu, Mn, RE are added, after melting, N2 is passed in, pressure is controlled at 0.15-0.20atm, gas flow is controlled at 1.2-2.0m / min, time is 10-15min; temperature is adjusted to 730-750℃, Mg, Fe, Cr, Zr are added, titanium boron refiner is added after melting, Ar is passed in after melting, pressure is controlled at 0.15-0.20atm, gas flow is controlled at 1.2-2.0m / min, time is 5-10min; then, it is continuously kept at 730-750℃ for 1-1.5h, aluminum liquid is obtained; weight ratio of raw materials is: Mg 0.8-1.2%, Si 0.4-0.8%, Cu 0.2-0.3%, Fe 0.1-0.15%, Cr 0.04-0.05%, Mn 0.11-0.13%, Zr 0.015-0.02%, RE 0.05-0.06%, titanium boron refiner 0.3-0.4%, composite modifier 0.1-0.15%, the rest is Al. 3 3 / min, time is 10-15min; temperature is adjusted to 730-750℃, Mg, Fe, Cr, Zr are added, titanium boron refiner is added after melting, Ar is passed in after melting, pressure is controlled at 0.15-0.20atm, gas flow is controlled at 1.2-2.0m / min, time is 5-10min; then, it is continuously kept at 730-750℃ for 1-1.5h, aluminum liquid is obtained; weight ratio of raw materials is: Mg 0.8-1.2%, Si 0.4-0.8%, Cu 0.2-0.3%, Fe 0.1-0.15%, Cr 0.04-0.05%, Mn 0.11-0.13%, Zr 0.015-0.02%, RE 0.05-0.06%, titanium boron refiner 0.3-0.4%, composite modifier 0.1-0.15%, the rest is Al.​ Step 2, billet casting: The molten aluminum is poured into a crystallizer through a casting system and solidified into an ingot by forced cooling of cooling water; Step 3, homogenization heat treatment: The ingot is placed in a homogenizing furnace, heated to 500-520℃, and after holding for 1-2h, the temperature is adjusted to 310-330℃, holding for 4-6h; then the temperature is raised to 540-550℃, holding for 3-5h; then the temperature is lowered to 290-300℃, holding for 1-2h; after being discharged, the forced air cooling and water mist cooling methods are used for cooling; Step 4, profile extrusion processing: The homogenization heat treated ingot is heated to 500-520℃, the mold is heated to 510-530℃, and the extrusion cylinder is heated to 510-530℃, and extrusion is carried out; the extrusion pressure is controlled at 180-220MPa, the extrusion speed is controlled at 3-5m / min, the extrusion outlet temperature is controlled at 500-510℃, and water quenching treatment is carried out at the extrusion outlet, the water temperature is controlled at 30-50℃, and the cooling is carried out to below 50℃; after extrusion, straightening treatment is carried out and sawing is carried out to the required length, and the profile primary product is obtained; Step 5, aging treatment: The profile primary product is heated to 120-130℃, holding for 5-6h, then the temperature is adjusted to 150-160℃, holding for 8-10h, and water mist cooling to room temperature; Step 6, surface treatment: The profile after aging treatment is subjected to hard anodic oxidation treatment, and the high-strength wear-resistant aluminum profile is obtained; In the step 1, the preparation method of the composite modifier is: After Al, VB2 and C are ball milled for 8h, Sr is added and ball milled for another 2h, then a round block with a diameter of 20mm is made, and is placed in a vacuum high-temperature hot pressing furnace and sintered at 1000℃ for 1.5h under vacuum condition, then cooled to 200℃ and pressed into a block, and the composite modifier is obtained; the weight ratio of each raw material is VB2 0.2-0.4%, C 0.05-0.08%, Sr 0.1-0.15%, and the balance is Al.

2. The preparation process of claim 1, wherein, In the step 2, the discharge temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 730-740℃, the casting temperature is controlled at 710-720℃, the casting speed is controlled at 105-115mm / min, the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling water is not higher than 25℃, and the temperature of the water outlet is not higher than 45℃.

3. The preparation process of claim 1, wherein, The hard anodic oxidation treatment in step 6 is as follows: drilling and tapping on the profile, connecting the wire, sanding, then treating with 50g / L NaOH solution, deionized water and acetone in sequence, drying, placing in a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 20g / L, treating the profile at 5℃, 80V voltage, 3A / dm 2 current density for 80min, then washing with water, placing in water at 70-80℃ for 30min, and drying to obtain the high-strength wear-resistant aluminum profile.

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