A traffic wind suppression device for tunnel fire smoke control

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of traffic wind suppression device for tunnel fire smoke control, including fire-resistant baffle being arranged in tunnel, fire-resistant baffle is equidistantly spaced according to distance A along the longitudinal direction of tunnel, fire-resistant baffle is rotatably fixed on base by loose-leaf, base is fixedly connected with flue plate, electric closer is fixedly connected with flue plate on the left and right sides of base, the electric closer is equipped with C-shaped groove and motor, C-shaped groove is embedded with horizontal moving slider, baffle vertical limit block, baffle horizontal limit block, horizontal moving slider is connected with connecting rod by first hinge, connecting rod is connected with fire-resistant baffle by second hinge, equipment control cabinet is connected with motor and drives fire-resistant baffle to rotate around loose-leaf.The present application can accelerate traffic wind attenuation, shorten smoke spread distance, increase the reliability of tunnel disaster prevention system, and determine the baffle spacing design model, provide basis for baffle design in tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel disaster prevention and ventilation technology, specifically to a traffic wind suppression device and its control method for controlling smoke from tunnel fires. Background Technology

[0002] When vehicles travel inside a traffic tunnel, they generate traffic wind. Under normal operation, this traffic wind is beneficial for tunnel ventilation, reducing the number of ventilation devices that need to be activated and saving energy. However, when a fire occurs inside the tunnel, the airflow continues to flow due to inertia. Especially in the early stages of a fire, before the ventilation and smoke extraction airflow is fully formed, smoke will be blown downstream by the traffic wind, causing smoke to spread.

[0003] Currently, urban tunnels longer than 3km generally adopt a key smoke exhaust method. This method involves installing smoke ducts on the top or side of the tunnel. The cavity between the smoke duct and the curved tunnel segments is sealed to form a smoke exhaust duct. Electric smoke exhaust outlets are installed at certain intervals (usually around 60m) on the smoke duct. Smoke exhaust fans are installed at both ends of the smoke exhaust duct. In case of fire, the smoke exhaust fans and the electric smoke exhaust outlets near the fire source are turned on to control the smoke directly through the open smoke exhaust outlets and exhaust the smoke out of the tunnel.

[0004] In the field of tunnels, scholars have conducted simulation and field studies on the impact of traffic winds on smoke diffusion in the early stages of a fire. The results show that for tunnels using a focused smoke exhaust mode, the initial traffic winds can cause smoke to be blown downstream and diffuse beyond the smoke exhaust area, affecting downstream air quality and visibility, and impacting the safe evacuation of drivers and passengers. However, there are currently no technical measures to reduce the impact of traffic winds on smoke after a fire. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the problem that needs to be overcome.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A traffic wind suppression device for controlling smoke in tunnel fires includes fire-resistant baffles installed in the tunnel. The fire-resistant baffles are arranged at equal intervals (distance A) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The fire-resistant baffles are rotatably fixed to a base via hinges. The base is fixedly connected to a flue plate. Electric closing devices are installed on the left and right sides of the base and fixedly connected to the flue plate. The electric closing device has a C-shaped groove and a motor. The C-shaped groove is embedded with a horizontal moving slider, a vertical limiting block for the baffle, and a horizontal limiting block for the baffle. The horizontal moving slider is connected to a connecting rod via a first hinge. The connecting rod is connected to the fire-resistant baffle via a second hinge. The equipment control cabinet is electrically connected to the motor to drive the fire-resistant baffles to rotate around the hinges.

[0007] The following steps are used for calculation:

[0008] Obtain the traffic wind decay time to 1 m / s when no baffle is installed:

[0009]

[0010]

[0011] Then set the spacing of the baffle arrangement. And obtain the traffic wind attenuation time when the baffle blocks the traffic wind:

[0012]

[0013]

[0014] If t is not lower than 50% then determined Let A be the distance.

[0015] In the formula: The piston wind speed decays to 1 m / s in seconds. The length of the tunnel is in meters (m). This refers to the ventilation resistance coefficient; The piston wind speed during normal traffic, in m / s, can be calculated using the relevant formulas in the "Detailed Rules for Ventilation Design of Highway Tunnels" JTG / T D70 / 2-02-2014. This refers to the tunnel extension resistance coefficient. The equivalent diameter of the tunnel cross section; The local resistance coefficients at the tunnel entrance and exit; Let be the local resistance coefficient of the fire-resistant baffle, where is the coefficient when no baffle is installed. =0; The spacing between the baffles.

[0016] The equipment control cabinet is located inside the tunnel. The equipment control cabinet is connected to the motor via a communication cable to drive the horizontal moving slider to move, and the connecting rod drives the fire-resistant baffle to rotate around the hinge.

[0017] When the tunnel is open to traffic, the horizontal moving slider is restricted from moving by the horizontal limiting block of the baffle, the connecting rod is connected to the fire-resistant baffle at a small angle, and the fire-resistant baffle is parallel to and attached to the surface of the flue plate.

[0018] When a fire occurs in the tunnel, the horizontal moving slider moves horizontally towards the base, the connecting rod rotates counterclockwise around the hinge, and the fire-resistant baffle rotates 90 degrees clockwise around the hinge through the second hinge. The horizontal moving slider slides to the left side of the vertical limit block of the baffle and is limited, and the fire-resistant baffle is in the unfolded state of the vertical base.

[0019] The base and the flue plate are fixedly connected by expansion screws.

[0020] When the fire-resistant baffle rotates, its bottom is higher than the vehicle's driving clearance.

[0021] The width of the fire-resistant baffle is the same as the width of the flue plate.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the traffic wind suppression device used in this invention will not affect the departure of fire-stricken vehicles during use; this invention has an electric switch function and is in a horizontally folded state, which will not cause changes in the net ventilation area of ​​the tunnel cross section, nor will it increase the local resistance of operational ventilation and traffic wind; in the event of a fire, it is in a vertically unfolded state, which will locally reduce the net ventilation area of ​​the tunnel cross section, increase the local resistance of traffic wind airflow, and thus accelerate the attenuation of traffic wind, effectively shorten the distance of smoke spread caused by traffic wind, increase the reliability of the tunnel disaster prevention system, is easy to install, has a simple structure, and has determined the design model of baffle spacing, providing a reference for the installation of baffles in tunnels. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional arrangement of the traffic wind suppression device (vertical wall deployed state) provided by the present invention in a tunnel;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a side view of the traffic wind suppression device (in a horizontally folded state) provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 A side view of the traffic wind suppression device (vertical wall deployed state) provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the traffic wind suppression device (in a horizontally folded state) provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A detailed structural diagram of the traffic wind suppression device (horizontally folded state) provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A top view of the traffic wind suppression device (vertical wall deployed state) provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 The present invention provides a traffic wind suppression device control method;

[0030] Figure 8 This refers to the piston wind attenuation time under different baffle arrangement spacings in a specific implementation case.

[0031] In the diagram: 1-Tunnel; 101-Flue duct plate; 102-Vehicle clearance; 2-Fireproof baffle; 3-Base; 4-Hinge; 5-Electric closing device; 501-Horizontal moving slider; 502-C-groove; 503-Motor; 504-Vertical limit block of baffle; 505-Horizontal limit block of baffle; 6-Connecting rod; 7-Equipment control cabinet; 8-Communication cable; 9-Expansion bolt; 10-Embedded steel plate; 11-Second hinge; 12-First hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0033] A traffic wind suppression device and its intelligent control system for controlling smoke in tunnel fires include fire-resistant baffles 2 installed inside tunnel 1. The fire-resistant baffles 2 should meet the requirement of fire resistance integrity of not less than 2 hours. Multiple fire-resistant baffles 2 are arranged at certain intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The fire-resistant baffles 2 are fixed to the base 3 by hinges 4. The base 3 is fixed to the flue plate 101 at the top of tunnel 1 by expansion bolts 9. Electric closing devices 5 are installed on both sides of the base 3. The electric closing devices 5 are fixed to the flue plate by pre-embedded steel plates 10. On 101, the electric closing device 5 is provided with a C-shaped groove 502 and a motor 503. The C-shaped groove 502 is embedded with a horizontal moving slider 501, a vertical limiting block 504 of the baffle, and a horizontal limiting block 505 of the baffle. The horizontal moving slider 501 is connected to the connecting rod 6 through the first hinge 12. The connecting rod 6 is connected to the fire-resistant baffle 2 through the second hinge 11. An equipment control cabinet 7 is arranged in the tunnel 1. The equipment control cabinet 7 is connected to the motor 503 through a communication cable 8. When the fire-resistant baffle 2 rotates, it should not intrude into the vehicle driving clearance 102.

[0034] In this system, the equipment control cabinet 7 controls the motor 503 via the communication cable 8 to drive the horizontal moving slider 501 to move, which in turn drives the connecting rod 6 to drive the fire-resistant baffle 2 to rotate around the hinge 4. When the tunnel is in normal traffic, the traffic wind suppression device remains in a horizontally folded state. At this time, the horizontal moving slider 501 is restricted from moving by the baffle horizontal limit block 505. The connection angle between the connecting rod 6 and the fire-resistant baffle 2 is a small angle. The fire-resistant baffle 2 is parallel to the surface of the flue plate 101, which will not cause changes in the ventilation cross section in the tunnel, which is conducive to making full use of the vehicle traffic wind for tunnel ventilation. When a fire occurs in the tunnel, the traffic wind suppression device moves to the vertically unfolded state. At this time, after receiving the action signal from the equipment control cabinet 7, the motor 503 will drive the horizontal moving slider 501 to move horizontally towards the base 2. At this time, the connecting rod 6, which is connected to the horizontal moving slider 501 through the first hinge 12, will rotate around the hinge 4. Hinge 12 generates a counterclockwise relative rotation, and through the second hinge 11 drives the fire-resistant baffle 2 to rotate 90 degrees clockwise around the hinge 4. At this time, the horizontal moving slider 501 slides to the left side of the vertical limit block 504 of the baffle and is limited. The fire-resistant baffle 2 remains in a 90-degree open state. At this time, the lower edge of the fire-resistant baffle 2 is still a certain distance away from the vehicle driving limit 102, which will not affect the normal departure of the vehicle. When the traffic wind suppression device is activated, the traffic wind airflow will experience cross-sectional sudden contraction and sudden expansion when passing through the traffic wind suppression device, resulting in energy loss due to local resistance. In order to increase the local resistance of the traffic wind suppression device, multiple traffic wind suppression devices are arranged along the tunnel, thereby causing the traffic wind airflow to continuously generate energy loss, effectively shortening the traffic wind attenuation time, effectively shortening the smoke spread distance caused by traffic wind, ensuring that most of the smoke is discharged nearby by the tunnel's key smoke exhaust system, and increasing the reliability of the tunnel disaster prevention system.

[0035] To improve the traffic wind suppression effect of fire-resistant baffle 2, it is recommended that the width of fire-resistant baffle 2 be similar to the width of flue plate. The height and spacing of fire-resistant baffle 2 should be determined based on the percentage reduction in tunnel traffic wind attenuation time when no baffle is installed, and the percentage should be controlled at no less than 50%.

[0036] The height of fire-resistant baffle 2 should be considered to be 150mm higher than the clearance and should be as high as possible. At this point, the local resistance coefficient of fire-resistant baffle 2 will be... The calculation can be performed using interpolation as shown in Table 1:

[0037] Table 1. Values ​​of Local Resistance Coefficient of Fire-Resistant Baffle 2

[0038]

[0039] In the table, h is the baffle height, H is the tunnel clearance height, and W is the tunnel clearance width.

[0040] The piston wind decay time can be calculated using Formula 1:

[0041] (1)

[0042] In formula 1: The piston wind speed decays to 1 m / s in seconds. The length of the tunnel is in meters (m). This refers to the ventilation resistance coefficient; The piston wind speed during normal traffic, in m / s, can be calculated using the relevant formulas in the "Detailed Rules for Ventilation Design of Highway Tunnels" JTG / T D70 / 2-02-2014.

[0043] Ventilation resistance coefficient It can be calculated using Formula 2:

[0044]

[0045] In formula 2: This refers to the tunnel extension resistance coefficient. The equivalent diameter of the tunnel cross section; The local resistance coefficients at the tunnel entrance and exit; The spacing between the baffles.

[0046] When no baffle is installed, When the value is 0, k can be determined, and the time t0 when the piston wind decays to 1 m / s without the baffle is determined according to formula (1). After the baffle is installed, the interval of the fire-resistant baffle 2 is determined according to the percentage reduction in the tunnel traffic wind decay time when the baffle is not installed. The percentage is controlled to be no less than 50%. The tunnel traffic wind decay time is determined according to formula (1) and formula (2). If t is no less than 50% then determined Let A be the distance.

[0047] Taking a highway tunnel with a length of 10km and an inner diameter of 15.4m as an example, when the baffle size is 8m wide × 1m high, The value is 0.2, and the tunnel traffic wind attenuation time is as follows under different spacing: Figure 8 As shown. Calculations show that by arranging 8m×1m high traffic wind suppression devices at 240m intervals, the tunnel traffic wind attenuation time can be reduced from 831s to 427min, and the smoke diffusion range caused by traffic wind can be reduced from 2400m to 1200m. This effectively shortens the traffic wind attenuation time and the smoke spread distance caused by traffic wind, ensuring that most of the smoke is discharged nearby by the tunnel's key smoke exhaust system, and increasing the reliability of the tunnel disaster prevention system.

[0048] When a fire occurs, the location and size of the fire are assessed, the fire alarm system is activated, the smoke exhaust vents and exhaust fans are opened, and the traffic wind suppression device is activated. Under the control of the FAS system, after receiving the action signal from the equipment control cabinet 7, the motor 503 drives the horizontal moving slider 501 to move horizontally towards the base 2. At this time, the connecting rod 6, which is connected to the horizontal moving slider 501 through the first hinge 12, will rotate counterclockwise around the hinge 12 and drive the fire-resistant baffle 2 to rotate 90 degrees clockwise around the hinge 4 through the second hinge 11. At this time, the horizontal moving slider 501 slides to the left side of the vertical limit block 504 of the baffle and is limited. The fire-resistant baffle 2 remains in a 90-degree open state. At this time, the lower edge of the fire-resistant baffle 2 is still a certain distance away from the vehicle driving limit 102, which will not affect the normal departure of the vehicle.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A traffic wind suppression device for controlling smoke in tunnel fires, characterized in that, The system includes fire-resistant baffles (2) installed inside the tunnel (1). The fire-resistant baffles (2) are arranged at equal intervals (distance A) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (1) on the flue plate (101) above the tunnel (1). The fire-resistant baffles (2) are rotatably fixed to the base (3) via hinges (4). The base (3) is fixedly connected to the flue plate (101). Electric closing devices (5) are installed on the left and right sides of the base (3) and fixedly connected to the flue plate (101). The electric closing devices (5) are equipped with... There is a C-shaped groove (502) and a motor (503). The C-shaped groove (502) is embedded with a horizontal moving slider (501), a vertical limiting block (504) of the baffle, and a horizontal limiting block (505) of the baffle. The horizontal moving slider (501) is connected to the connecting rod (6) through the first hinge (12). The connecting rod (6) is connected to the fire-resistant baffle (2) through the second hinge (11). The equipment control cabinet (7) is electrically connected to the motor (503) to drive the fire-resistant baffle (2) to rotate around the hinge (4). The distance A is calculated through the following steps: Obtain the traffic wind decay time to 1 m / s when no baffle is installed: Then set the spacing of the baffle arrangement. And obtain the traffic wind attenuation time when the baffle blocks the traffic wind: If t is not lower than 50% then determined Let A be the distance. In the formula: The time it takes for the piston wind speed to decay to 1 m / s; This refers to the tunnel length; This refers to the ventilation resistance coefficient; Piston airflow speed for normal vehicle traffic; This refers to the tunnel extension resistance coefficient. The equivalent diameter of the tunnel cross section; The local resistance coefficients at the tunnel entrance and exit; Let be the local resistance coefficient of the fire-resistant baffle, where is the coefficient when no baffle is installed. =0; The spacing between the baffles.

2. A traffic wind suppression device for controlling smoke in tunnel fires according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment control cabinet (7) is located inside the tunnel (1). The equipment control cabinet (7) is connected to the motor (503) via the communication cable (8) to drive the horizontal moving slider (501) to move. The connecting rod (6) drives the fire-resistant baffle (2) to rotate around the hinge (4).

3. A traffic wind suppression device for controlling smoke in tunnel fires according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the tunnel is open to traffic, the horizontal moving slider (501) is restricted from moving by the horizontal limiting block (505) of the baffle, the connecting rod (6) is connected to the fire-resistant baffle (2) at a small angle, and the fire-resistant baffle (2) is parallel to the surface of the flue plate (101).

4. A traffic wind suppression device for controlling smoke in tunnel fires according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a fire occurs in the tunnel, the horizontal moving slider (501) moves horizontally towards the base (3), the connecting rod (6) rotates counterclockwise around the first hinge (12), and through the second hinge (11) the fire-resistant baffle (2) rotates 90 degrees clockwise around the hinge (4). The horizontal moving slider (501) slides to the left side of the vertical limit block (504) of the baffle and is limited, and the fire-resistant baffle (2) is in the unfolded state of the vertical base.

5. A traffic wind suppression device for controlling smoke in tunnel fires according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (3) and the flue plate (101) are fixedly connected by expansion screws 9.

6. A traffic wind suppression device for controlling smoke in tunnel fires according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the fire-resistant baffle (2) rotates, its bottom is higher than the vehicle driving limit (102).

7. A traffic wind suppression device for controlling smoke in tunnel fires according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the fire-resistant baffle (2) is the same as the width of the flue plate (101).

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