Wetland underground water quality environment monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a wetland groundwater quality environment monitoring method and system, and relates to an image processing and data processing technology, and the method comprises the steps: integrating an imaging probe to an induction buoy, and carrying out the vertical arrangement of the induction buoy in a groundwater monitoring well; acquiring effective water level data of each underground water monitoring well based on the sensing buoy chain at any monitoring moment; image acquisition is carried out by utilizing the triggered imaging probes in the induction buoy chain; according to the image data acquired at each water level, extracting morphological characteristics of the particulate matters retained in the image data at different water levels; identifying particulate matter types under different water levels according to the extracted morphological features; and based on the obtained effective water level data, establishing a corresponding longitudinal coordinate so as to establish a current water level-water quality correlation map according to the identified particulate matters. According to the invention, the water quality of the wetland underground water can be detected in a more intuitive manner, so that the monitoring efficiency of the underground water is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of image processing and data processing, and particularly relates to a wetland groundwater quality environment monitoring method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Groundwater resources are more complex than surface water. The quality and quantity of groundwater and the environmental conditions and migration rules causing the change of groundwater cannot be directly observed. Meanwhile, the pollution of groundwater and land subsidence caused by overexploitation of groundwater are slow-changing and irreversible once accumulated to a certain extent. Therefore, accurate development and protection of groundwater must rely on long-term groundwater monitoring to timely grasp the dynamic changes.

[0003] The change of groundwater quality is an important monitoring index of groundwater pollution. The change of groundwater level is closely related to the exploitation of groundwater and land subsidence, and is of great significance to the discovery and control of land subsidence. In the past, the monitoring of groundwater quality relied more on laboratory manual and semi-manual monitoring methods, which had the problems of large workload, low efficiency, complicated data processing and easy mistakes, and was not suitable for the development of informatization and the needs of modern management.

[0004] It is necessary to use modern equipment and technology to implement real-time and effective remote dynamic monitoring of groundwater level. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a wetland groundwater quality environment monitoring method and system, which detects the quality of wetland groundwater in a more intuitive way, so as to improve the monitoring efficiency of groundwater.

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a wetland groundwater quality environment monitoring method, which comprises the following steps. An imaging probe is integrated into an inductive float to be vertically arranged in a groundwater monitoring well. A plurality of inductive floats form an inductive float chain. The inductive float is provided with a shape memory alloy connecting part. The shape memory alloy is in a contraction state in the dry season and is stretched with the rise of water level in the rainy season. When the inductive float chain is stretched greater than a specified length, a corresponding number of sensor groups in the inductive float chain are triggered. At any monitoring time, effective water level data of each groundwater monitoring well is acquired based on the inductive float chain; and Image acquisition is performed by using the imaging probe in the triggered inductive float chain. Morphological features of the retained particulate matters in the image data at different water levels are extracted according to the image data collected at the water levels. The types of particulate matters at different water levels are identified according to the extracted morphological features. Based on the acquired effective water level data, a corresponding longitudinal coordinate is established to establish a current water level-water quality correlation map according to the identified particulate matter.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application also provides a wetland groundwater water quality environment monitoring system, including a processor and a memory, the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the wetland groundwater water quality environment monitoring method.

[0008] The embodiment of the present application integrates the imaging probe into the induction buoy in the groundwater monitoring well for vertical arrangement, uses the triggered imaging probe to perform image acquisition, and constructs a water level-water quality correlation map, so that more intuitive water level and water quality monitoring is realized, and the auxiliary role to the maintenance personnel is improved. Even if an abnormal situation appears in the groundwater quality, it can be found.

[0009] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, the content of the specification can be implemented, and in order to make the above and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application are described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not considered as limiting the present application. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same parts. In the drawings: Figure 1 The basic flow of the wetland groundwater water quality environment monitoring method of the embodiment is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0012] The embodiment of the present application provides a wetland groundwater water quality environment monitoring method, as shown in Figure 1 The method comprises the following steps: In step S101, the imaging probe is integrated into the sensing float in the vertical arrangement of the groundwater monitoring well, wherein a plurality of the sensing floats form a sensing float chain, the sensing float is provided with a shape memory alloy connecting part, and the shape memory alloy is in a contraction state in the dry season and is stretched with the water level in the rainy season. When the sensing float chain is stretched to be greater than a specified length, a corresponding number of sensor groups in the sensing float chain are triggered. Each imaging probe can be specifically placed below the water level collected by the corresponding sensing float. In a specific example, the shape memory alloy can be a new type of nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy with humidity response characteristics, which is used as a trigger structure to realize the opening of the collection circuit. For example, in a specific example, the shape memory alloy of any sensing float contacts the water environment after being submerged, and the shape memory alloy does not contact the water environment in the floating state. Other triggering methods can also be used, for example, an external power supply can also be used to control a relay according to the effective water level to trigger a corresponding number of sensing floats within the effective water level. The specific triggering method is not limited here.

[0013] In a specific example, the imaging probe can be a high-magnification imaging probe with a specified magnification, and a large-volume float shell (for example, an outer diameter of 80 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm) can be configured to realize the optical channel. The integration of the imaging probe is realized by customizing the float.

[0014] In step S102, at any monitoring time, the effective water level data of each groundwater monitoring well is obtained based on the sensing float chain. The sensing float chain itself can realize water level monitoring, and the effective water level data can be obtained by monitoring.

[0015] In step S103, the imaging probe in the triggered sensing float chain is used for image collection. In some embodiments, underwater image collection can be performed in cooperation with, for example, array exposure, and underwater images similar to microscopic images can be obtained according to optical channels with a set magnification.

[0016] In step S104, the morphological characteristics of the retained particulate matter in the image data at different water levels are extracted according to the collected image data at different water levels. The image extraction characteristics can be realized by using an edge algorithm and the like.

[0017] In step S105, the types of particulate matter at different water levels are identified according to the extracted morphological characteristics. For example, a classification model, SVM, or the like can be used to identify the types of particulate matter.

[0018] In step S106, a corresponding longitudinal coordinate is established based on the obtained effective water level data, and a current water level-water quality correlation map is established according to the identified particulate matter. The water level-water quality correlation map constructed by the present application can intuitively describe the water quality below the effective water level of the underground.

[0019] The imaging probe is integrated into the sensing float in the vertical layout of the groundwater monitoring well, the triggered imaging probe is used for image acquisition, and a water level-water quality correlation map is constructed, so that more intuitive water level and water quality monitoring is realized, the auxiliary role of the maintenance personnel is improved, and even abnormal conditions in the groundwater quality are found.

[0020] In some embodiments, integrating the imaging probe into the sensing float in the vertical layout of the groundwater monitoring well comprises: configuring a floating interval for each sensing float, wherein the upper limit of the floating interval of any position of the sensing float is the fully stretched water level position, and the lower limit of the sensing float at any position is such that the corresponding sensing float moves within the preset range of the cross section of the groundwater monitoring well. For example, in a specific example, each sensing float in the sensing float chain can be pre-set within a certain height range, and within the movement range, it is not effective water level data, but after reaching the upper limit of the floating interval, it is the fully stretched water level position, that is, it is effective water level at this time.

[0021] In some embodiments, image acquisition using the triggered imaging probe in each of the sensing float chain comprises: The annular LED array is arranged in the same direction as the imaging probe in each of the sensing floats, and the annular LED array emits light of different wavebands under control. For example, a specific LED array emits blue light 450nm / green light 525nm / infrared 850nm waveband light.

[0022] For each sensing float within the effective water level, the annular LED array and the imaging probe are controlled to be synchronously exposed under different wavebands and to collect images within the field of view, and the images of each waveband are taken as a group of images. For example, the blue light image, the green light image and the infrared image collected at the same position are taken as a group of images of the same float.

[0023] In some embodiments, extracting morphological features of the trapped particulate matter in the image data at different water levels comprises: For a group of images obtained by any of the sensing floats, the particulate region in each image is segmented and identified. The image segmentation can be performed using U-net, the normal monitoring range is distinguished, the normal range is taken as the background, so that other regions are likely to be regions where particulate matter exists, and are focused on and segmented. Each waveband image is segmented.

[0024] The images are overlaid one by one, and the transparency of the overlaid images is changed during the overlaying process, and the position of the overlaid images is adjusted to make the overlaid images have the highest clarity in the particulate region. In this way, the position fluctuation that may exist is corrected, thereby improving the recognition effect of particulate matter. That is, the clarity is the highest in the particulate region, which also enables the images to be approximately aligned in the entire range, facilitating the analysis of the particulate matter pollution equivalent in the range, and on the other hand, realizing the alignment of the particulate matter in each wave band, thereby facilitating the feature extraction of the particulate matter.

[0025] According to the group of images adjusted in position, the morphological features of the trapped particulate matter are extracted based on the shadow part of the particulate region in the overlaid multi-wave band image.

[0026] In some embodiments, extracting the morphological features of the trapped particulate matter based on the shadow part of the particulate region in the overlaid multi-wave band image includes: Performing edge enhancement processing on the overlaid shadow part, which is realized by computer vision or image processing, is used to highlight the edge features of the shadow part, making the boundary of the shadow part more clear.

[0027] Using a contour recognition algorithm to extract the contour of the particulate matter, for example, using Canny edge detection + contour fitting to extract the contour of the particulate matter, and quantifying the features of the extracted particulate matter, wherein the feature quantification includes the equivalent diameter of the particulate matter, the length-diameter ratio, the edge roughness, the circularity, and the texture gradient index.

[0028] According to the extracted morphological features, the types of particulate matter at different water levels are identified, including: According to the results of feature quantification, using a pre-trained classification model to classify the particulate matter. The image recognition method based on template matching or the lightweight classification method based on support vector machine (SVM) / rule tree can be used to compare the sample particulate matter feature library (such as silt, organic flocculation, iron and manganese oxide deposition, and microplastic) based on the database, and when the comparison threshold satisfies the set condition, the particulate matter type label is output.

[0029] In some embodiments, it further includes: based on the obtained effective water level data, establishing a corresponding longitudinal coordinate to establish a current water level-water quality correlation map according to the identified particulate matter, including: Based on the established longitudinal coordinate, a corresponding effective data segment is configured for each sensing float, for example, the effective data segment can be a specified small range of water level segment on the longitudinal axis with the effective sensing float position as the midpoint, and a proportionally enlarged segment relationship is established based on the collected images.

[0030] For any effective data segment, the unit water depth pollution equivalent is defined as: wherein N is the number of particle species determined under the any effective data segment, is the pollution coefficient of the particle under the effective data segment, i is the pollution coefficient of the particle under the effective data segment, is the particle concentration of the particle under the effective data segment, i is the particle concentration of the particle under the effective data segment, and L is the length of the effective data segment.

[0031] According to the unit water depth pollution equivalent under each effective data segment, the pollution migration of different effective data segments is determined to establish the current water level-water quality correlation atlas. In a specific example, for the blank segment on the ordinate which cannot determine the unit water depth pollution equivalent, fitting can be performed to obtain.

[0032] In some embodiments, further comprising: determining the pollution migration of different effective data segments according to the unit water depth pollution equivalent under each effective data segment is: wherein, is the pollution equivalent of the adjacent water depth, is the monitoring time interval, is the aquifer permeability coefficient, which can be determined according to experiments.

[0033] Based on the pollution migration under each effective data segment, a thermal map mapping is established on the corresponding longitudinal range of the established coordinate system. In a specific example, based on the change of the pollution migration, the blank segment can be fitted to obtain all the thermal map of the effective data segment. In a specific example, after the thermal map is established, the effective water level is expressed horizontally in combination with the overall approximately aligned image data.

[0034] In some embodiments, according to the identified particle, the current water level-water quality correlation atlas further comprises: According to the calculated particle concentration of each particle under the effective data segment, a mapping relationship of the corresponding particle concentration is established. In a specific example, according to the required mapping area size, the calculated particle concentration is mapped.

[0035] In the effective data segment of the established coordinate system and the area range under the specified lateral distance, a water level-water quality correlation graph is established according to the mapping relationship and the heat map mapping. Based on the established water level-water quality correlation graph, the particulate matter concentration exceeding the preset threshold and the pollution migration are marked. That is, through the water level-water quality correlation graph, the pollution migration is indicated in the longitudinal direction, and the different particulate matters are presented in the two-dimensional area range. The specific illustration mode can be set according to actual needs, different marks can be set for different particulate matters in the presentation process, and the main pollutants or particulate matters are highlighted. In this way, the visual wetland groundwater water quality environment monitoring can be realized, the water quality environment state is updated according to the set collection interval, the change of each main particulate matter is judged by comparison, and thus the dynamic wetland groundwater water quality monitoring is realized, and the auxiliary role to the operation and maintenance personnel is improved.

[0036] The embodiment of the present application also provides a wetland groundwater water quality environment monitoring system, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the wetland groundwater water quality environment monitoring method as described above.

[0037] In addition, although the exemplary embodiments have been described herein, the scope of the present disclosure includes any and all embodiments having equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (for example, solutions cross various embodiments), adaptations, or alterations based on the present disclosure. The examples described in the specification or during the implementation of the present application are not limited, and the examples will be interpreted as non-exclusive.

[0038] The above description is intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive. For example, the above examples (or one or more aspects thereof) can be used in combination with each other. Other embodiments can be used as well by one of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the above description.

[0039] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements to the present application within the spirit and protection scope of the present disclosure, and such modifications or equivalent replacements shall also be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of monitoring the quality of groundwater in a wetland environment, characterized by, The application relates to a method for monitoring water quality in a groundwater monitoring well, comprising the following steps: integrating imaging probes into inductive floats arranged vertically in the groundwater monitoring well, wherein a plurality of the inductive floats form an inductive float chain, the inductive floats are provided with shape memory alloy connecting parts, and the shape memory alloy is in a contracted state in the dry season and is stretched with the water level in the rainy season; when the inductive float chain is stretched to be greater than a specified length, a corresponding number of sensor groups in the inductive float chain are triggered; at any monitoring time, obtaining effective water level data of each groundwater monitoring well based on the inductive float chain; and using the imaging probes in the triggered inductive float chain to perform image acquisition; extracting morphological characteristics of the retained particulate matters in the image data at different water levels according to the image data collected at the water levels; identifying the types of the particulate matters at different water levels according to the extracted morphological characteristics; based on the obtained effective water level data, establishing corresponding longitudinal coordinates to establish a current water level-water quality correlation atlas according to the identified particulate matters.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the monitoring of the water quality of the wetland groundwater environment is performed by measuring the concentration of the at least one of the water quality indicators in the water sample. The step of integrating the imaging probes into the inductive floats arranged vertically in the groundwater monitoring well comprises the following steps: configuring a floating interval for each inductive float, wherein the upper limit of the floating interval of the inductive float at any position is the water level position after complete stretching, and the lower limit of the inductive float at any position is such that the corresponding inductive float moves in a preset range in the cross section of the groundwater monitoring well.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the monitoring of the water quality of the wetland groundwater environment is performed by measuring the concentration of the at least one of the water quality indicators in the water sample. The step of using the imaging probes in the triggered inductive float chain to perform image acquisition comprises the following steps: arranging a ring-shaped LED array in the same direction as the imaging probes for each inductive float, and the ring-shaped LED array emits light of different wave bands under control; controlling the ring-shaped LED array and the imaging probes to be synchronously exposed under different wave bands and to collect images in the field of view range for each inductive float in the effective water level, and taking the images of each wave band as a group of images.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the monitoring of the water quality of the wetland groundwater environment is performed by measuring the concentration of the at least one of the substances in the water. The step of extracting morphological characteristics of the retained particulate matters in the image data at different water levels comprises the following steps: segmenting and identifying the particulate matter regions in each image for a group of images collected by any inductive float; superimposing the group of images one by one, changing the transparency of the superimposed images in the superimposition process, and adjusting the positions of the superimposed images, so that the superimposed images have the highest clarity in the particulate matter regions; based on the group of images after position adjustment, extracting morphological characteristics of the retained particulate matters based on the shadow part of the particulate matter regions in the superimposed multi-wave band images.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the monitoring of the water quality of the wetland groundwater environment is performed by measuring the concentration of the at least one of the substances in the water. The step of extracting morphological characteristics of the retained particulate matters based on the shadow part of the particulate matter regions in the superimposed multi-wave band images comprises the following steps: performing edge enhancement processing on the superimposed shadow part; extracting the outlines of the particulate matters by using a contour recognition algorithm, and performing feature quantization on the extracted particulate matter outlines, wherein the feature quantization comprises equivalent diameters of the particulate matters, length-diameter ratios, edge roughness, circularity and texture gradient indexes; the step of identifying the types of the particulate matters at different water levels according to the extracted morphological characteristics comprises the following steps: according to the results of the feature quantization, using a pre-trained classification model to classify the particulate matters.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the monitoring of the water quality of the wetland groundwater environment is performed by measuring the concentration of the at least one of the water quality indicators in the water sample. The application further comprises the following steps: based on the established longitudinal coordinates, configuring corresponding effective data segments for each inductive float; ​ For any valid data segment, define the unit water depth pollution equivalent as: wherein N is the number of particle species determined under the any valid data segment, a pollution coefficient of the particle under the valid data segment, i a pollution coefficient of the particle under the valid data segment, a pollution coefficient of the particle under the valid data segment, i a pollution coefficient of the particle under the valid data segment, L is the length of the valid data segment; According to the unit water depth pollution equivalent under each valid data segment, determine the pollution migration of different valid data segments, to establish the current water level-water quality correlation atlas.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the monitoring of the water quality of the wetland groundwater environment is performed by measuring the concentration of the at least one of the water quality indicators in the water sample. Also includes: According to the unit water depth pollution equivalent under each valid data segment, determine the pollution migration of different valid data segments, to establish the current water level-water quality correlation atlas. wherein, is the pollution equivalent of the adjacent water depth, is the monitoring time interval, is the aquifer permeability coefficient; Based on the pollution migration under each valid data segment, establish a heat map mapping on the corresponding longitudinal range of the established coordinate system.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the monitoring of the water quality of the wetland groundwater environment is performed by measuring the concentration of the at least one of the substances in the water. According to the identified particulate matter, the current water level-water quality correlation atlas also includes: According to the calculated particulate matter concentration of each particulate matter under the valid data segment, a mapping relationship of the corresponding particulate matter concentration is established; In the area range of the established coordinate system under the valid data segment and the specified transverse distance, according to the mapping relationship and the heat map mapping, the water level-water quality correlation atlas is established, and based on the established water level-water quality correlation atlas, the particulate matter concentration and the pollution migration that exceed the preset threshold are marked.

9. A wetland groundwater water quality environmental monitoring system, characterized by, The processor and the memory, the memory has a computer program stored, the computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the wetland groundwater water quality environment monitoring method in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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