Novel railway tunnel deformation real-time surveying and mapping system based on three-dimensional scanning technology

A new real-time deformation mapping system for railway tunnels using 3D scanning technology has solved the problems of low efficiency and insufficient accuracy of traditional measurement systems, enabling high-frequency and accurate deformation monitoring of railway tunnel structures and improving the ability to identify and dynamically monitor tunnel structure deformation.

CN121069351AActive Publication Date: 2025-12-05SHANDONG GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION INST OF SINOCHEM GEOLOGY & MINING ADMINISTRATION
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202511630591.5
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-11-10
Publication Date
2025-12-05
Estimated Expiration
2045-11-10

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Traditional railway tunnel deformation measurement systems rely on manual setting of measuring points and periodic observations, which result in long measurement cycles, low efficiency, and many human interference factors. They are difficult to achieve high-frequency and accurate monitoring of tunnel structural deformation, especially when segmented asynchronous deformation occurs, it is difficult to identify the boundaries of deformation areas and the path of change.

Method used

A novel real-time deformation mapping system for railway tunnels based on 3D scanning technology is adopted. The system acquires distance sequence data of measuring points through a laser sampling module, identifies fluctuating measuring points through an echo evaluation module, converts the data into 3D coordinates through a spatial relocation module, establishes spatial distribution, identifies and generates difference vector data, and quantifies the deformation mapping results through a residual evolution module.

Benefits of technology

It enables real-time spatial contour acquisition and comparison of tunnel structures, increases the frequency and spatial coverage of deformation monitoring, reduces human interference errors, and enhances the ability to dynamically grasp the evolution process of tunnel structures.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser ranging, in particular to a novel railway tunnel deformation real-time surveying and mapping system based on a three-dimensional scanning technology, which comprises a laser sampling module, an echo evaluation module, a space repositioning module, a residual evolution module and a deformation surveying and mapping module. According to the method, after continuous distance information of a target position is obtained, measuring point sequence data is constructed based on a time sequence, a signal abnormal area is recognized through echo intensity fluctuation, the signal abnormal area is further converted into a space coordinate structure, track differences are extracted, vector data are generated, deviation characteristics are analyzed in combination with the tunnel space position, and the deformation amplitude is quantified. Compared with a periodic observation mode depending on manual distribution of measuring points, the method has the advantages that fine coordinate difference data can be continuously output, the deformation monitoring frequency and the space coverage range can be improved, manual interference errors can be reduced, and the dynamic mastering capability of the tunnel structure evolution process can be enhanced.
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