An alternating multi-layer ionic gel material utilizing a strong and tough / damping mechanism for synergistic impact resistance and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of gel materials, and particularly discloses an alternating multi-layer ionic gel material utilizing a strong and tough / damping mechanism to synergistically resist impact as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing acrylamide monomers and 3-(acryloyloxy) propane-1-sulfonic acid potassium in a solvent, adding a photoinitiator to obtain a high-damping ionic gel precursor solution; dispersing acrylamide monomers and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride in a solvent, adding a crosslinking agent and a photoinitiator to obtain a high-strength and tough ionic gel prepolymer solution; pouring the high-damping ionic gel precursor solution into a mold for ultraviolet light curing to obtain a damping layer gel, and then pouring the high-strength and tough ionic gel prepolymer solution into the mold for ultraviolet light curing to obtain a strong and tough layer gel; alternately performing the above steps to obtain a strong and tough / damping alternating multi-layer ionic gel material with 2n layers, so that the strong and tough performance and the damping performance are considered, and the mechanical strength, the use temperature range and the impact resistance are simultaneously improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gel materials, and specifically discloses an alternating multi-layer ionic gel material utilizing strong and tough / damping mechanisms to synergistically resist impact, and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for lightweight, flexibility and human adaptability in the field of protection, flexible protective materials have become an important direction for the development of this field. The mainstream flexible impact-resistant materials are mainly shear thickening fluid and shear thickening gel. The protective materials made of these materials are very flexible and comfortable. The advantages are that they are easy to be combined with fibers and fabrics. The disadvantages are that they have strong cold flow, limited quasi-static mechanical properties and difficult performance control. In contrast, gels show a broader application prospect in the field of flexible protection. They can meet the needs of lightweight and human adaptability, and are expected to further improve the ballistic performance of existing lightweight protective equipment. Unlike traditional shear thickening materials, the stable three-dimensional network of gels can overcome the problems of cold flow and filler deposition. The energy dissipation strategy and enhancement mechanism are diverse, which can solve the potential bottleneck of the contradiction between strong and tough impact-resistant materials and single function.

[0003] There are two strategies for the molecular structure design of impact-resistant gels, namely strong and tough and damping. The former improves the structural strength by building crystal regions and high-strength polymer networks, and the goal is to withstand extreme loads without breaking. The latter uses molecular friction to dissipate impact energy. Both of them achieve impact protection to some extent. However, in the extreme high-speed impact scenario, contact damage and secondary vibration damage test the strength and toughness and damping performance of the material at the same time. It is difficult to combine the two mechanisms in a single homogeneous gel, so the combination of multi-scale energy dissipation structures for extreme impact resistance has not been achieved, which is a key challenge in this field.

[0004] In addition, the comprehensive mechanical properties of existing ionic gel materials, such as tensile properties, damage resistance, impact resistance, etc., are limited, and the performance of the gel is unstable at high / low temperatures due to the influence of the dispersion medium, often leading to degradation. Moreover, for the design of impact resistance, high-damping gels have excellent energy dissipation capacity, but the strength is sacrificed. High-strength and tough gels have excellent strength, toughness and structural stability, but lack energy dissipation capacity. Therefore, there is a conflict between damping and strong and tough performance at the molecular design level, and it is difficult to balance the two performances. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an alternating multi-layer ionic gel material utilizing strong and tough / damping mechanisms to synergistically resist impact, which can balance the strong and tough performance and the damping performance, and also has good compression resistance, puncture resistance, tear resistance and adhesion performance.

[0006] The present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of an alternating multi-layer ionic gel material with strong toughness / damping mechanism synergistic impact resistance, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) dispersing acrylamide monomer and 3-(acryloyloxy) propane-1-sulfonic acid potassium in a solvent, adding a photoinitiator to react, to obtain a high-damping ionic gel precursor solution;

[0009] (2) dispersing acrylamide monomer and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride in a solvent, adding a crosslinking agent and a photoinitiator to react, to obtain a high-toughness ionic gel prepolymer solution;

[0010] (3) pouring the high-damping ionic gel precursor solution into a mold for ultraviolet curing to obtain a damping layer gel; pouring the high-toughness ionic gel prepolymer solution on the surface of the damping layer gel for ultraviolet curing to obtain a strong and tough layer gel, and alternately performing the above steps to obtain a strong and tough / damping alternating multi-layer ionic gel material with 2n layers.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application provides an alternating multi-layer ionic gel material with strong toughness / damping mechanism synergistic impact resistance, which is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present application provides a use of the alternating multi-layer ionic gel material with strong toughness / damping mechanism synergistic impact resistance in the preparation of a flexible protective material.

[0013] The technical scheme of the present application has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0014] The present application obtains an ionic gel with strong toughness and damping performance by designing the molecular structure of the ionic gel and constructing the alternating multi-layer structure:

[0015] 1. The polymerizable monomer containing ionic groups is introduced into the high-toughness prepolymer solution and the high-damping precursor solution, and then ultraviolet polymerization is performed, so that a large number of ionic groups are also carried on the polymer molecular chain. According to the ionic electroviscous effect, when the polymer molecular chain is subjected to external force / vibration, the intramolecular friction is strengthened, and the damping performance is significantly improved. After the high-toughness prepolymer solution and the high-damping precursor solution are subjected to ultraviolet polymerization, anions and cations are introduced into the polymer molecular chain, respectively, and the two polymers with opposite electricities become the structural skeletons of the strong and tough gel layer and the damping gel layer, respectively. Therefore, in the process of alternately constructing the strong and tough / damping layers, the gel interface layer is more firm and stable with the help of the electric charge. The ionic electroviscous effect caused by the electrostatic repulsion / attraction of the ionic groups of the polymer molecules enhances the damping performance of the gel, realizes wide temperature range high damping performance in the range of -50~150℃, and has structural and mechanical performance stability.

[0016] 2. The alternating multilayer ionic gel material mainly functions through three parts, a strong and tough layer, a damping layer and a layer interface, which synergistically function through stable combination. The strong and tough layer is responsible for improving the strength and structural stability of the entire multilayer gel, avoiding the simple destruction of the gel under external force; the damping layer is to dissipate energy through intramolecular friction, aiming at the damage of high-frequency vibration or high-speed impact; the layer interface is to stably combine two layers by molecular chain entanglement and charge interaction, and to assist in dissipating energy through interlayer friction under high-frequency vibration, the combination of the three realizes a wide-frequency impact resistance, can withstand 28000s -1 high strain rate impact, realizing the macro-scale anti-extreme impact capability.

[0017] 3. The alternating multilayer gel realizes the combination of strong and tough performance and damping performance, and also has good compression resistance, puncture resistance, tear resistance and adhesion performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The Fourier infrared transform spectrum of the ionic gel raw material provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 The spectrum analysis diagram of the ionic gel provided by embodiments 5-7 of the present application is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 The differential scanning calorimetry curve diagram of the ionic gel and the deep eutectic solvent provided by embodiments 4-7 of the present application is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 The dynamic mechanical analysis curve diagram of the ionic gel provided by embodiment 1 of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments, but the embodiments do not limit the present application in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the embodiments of the present application are conventionally purchased raw materials.

[0023] The inventors are inspired by the ordered stacking structure of shells in nature: if materials with completely different strength modulus and damping performance are alternately and orderly stacked, the obtained multi-layer structure gel is expected to break through in terms of impact resistance, and the potential core mechanism lies in that the strong and tough hard layer resists the initial impact through its high strength, maintains the structural integrity, and transmits stress / energy to a larger range, and finally reaches the damping layer through the interface layer; then the damping soft layer converts the impact energy into heat energy through molecular friction, fully dissipates the energy, and the remaining energy will continue to be transmitted, cooperating with the continuous heterogeneous interface layer to achieve deep energy dissipation. The synergistic effect of the complementary energy dissipation mechanism is expected to solve the bottleneck of single homogeneous gel in resisting ballistic impact, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.

[0024] A preparation method of an alternating multi-layer ionic gel material utilizing strong and tough / damping mechanism synergistically to resist impact, comprising the following steps:

[0025] (1) Disperse acrylamide monomer and 3-(acryloyloxy) propane-1-sulfonic acid potassium in a solvent, stir and disperse at 20-40°C for 1-3h, the rotation speed is 400-600rpm, add a photoinitiator, continue to stir and disperse for 0.5-1h, to obtain a high-damping ionic gel precursor solution;

[0026] (2) Disperse acrylamide monomer and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride in a solvent, stir and disperse at 20-40°C for 1-3h, the rotation speed is 400-600rpm, add a crosslinking agent and a photoinitiator, continue to stir and disperse for 0.5-1h, to obtain a high-tough ionic gel prepolymer solution;

[0027] (3) Pour the high-damping ionic gel precursor solution into a mold, use a 365nm wavelength light source with an output power of 20%, and solidify for 5-15s to obtain a damping layer gel; pour the high-tough ionic gel prepolymer solution on the surface of the damping layer gel, continue to use a 365nm wavelength light source with an output power of 20%, and solidify for 5-15s to obtain a strong and tough layer gel, and alternately perform the above steps to obtain a strong and tough / damping alternating multi-layer ionic gel material with 2n layers.

[0028] In step (3), a photopolymerization process is used to prepare a gel polymer matrix containing a high density of anionic groups by using the high-damping ionic gel precursor solution, without crosslinking, to realize high-damping performance through ionic electroviscous enhanced molecular friction. A gel polymer matrix containing a high density of cationic groups is prepared by using the high-tough ionic gel prepolymer solution, and crosslinking is performed to realize high-tough performance through a polymer crosslinking network. Then, the alternating polymerization of the damping layer and the strong and tough layer is used to realize layer-by-layer polymerization of the gel material, and the structural contradiction between high toughness and high damping performance in a single homogeneous gel is resolved through a multi-layer composite structure, to obtain an interface-stable alternating multi-layer gel material.

[0029] Based on the gel-based ion group molecular structure and high and low temperature stable deep eutectic solvent, the ionic gel has structural and mechanical property stability at-50~150℃; the ionic electroviscous effect of the ion group of the polymer molecule enhances the damping performance of the gel, and realizes wide temperature range high damping performance in the range of-50~150℃. Through the bearing and transmission of stress by the strong and tough layer and the high-efficiency dissipation of energy by the damping layer, and cooperating with the friction dissipation between the heterogeneous gel interface layers, the alternating multi-layer gel realizes high impact resistance and performance, can withstand 28000s -1 of high strain rate impact, and realizes the extreme impact resistance ability of the macro scale. The alternating multi-layer gel realizes the consideration of the strong and tough performance and the damping performance, and synchronously improves the mechanical strength, the use temperature range and the impact resistance performance.

[0030] In the present application, in step (1), the mass ratio of acrylamide monomer, 3-(acryloyloxy) propane-1-sulfonic acid potassium and solvent is 1:1:3.5-5.5.

[0031] In the present application, in step (2), the mass ratio of acrylamide monomer, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, solvent and crosslinking agent is 1:1:2.5-3.5:0.02-0.05.

[0032] 3-(acryloyloxy) propane-1-sulfonic acid potassium and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride are used as polymer monomers, and acrylamide monomers are copolymerized with the two kinds of ionic monomers, which has the following advantages: 1) regulating the overall performance of the gel, if pure ionic monomers are used to form the gel, the gel will be more fragile; 2) the compatibility of pure ionic monomers and dispersion medium (also known as liquid, deep eutectic solvent) is poor, and it is difficult to disperse uniformly, and acrylamide is needed to alleviate this problem; 3) controlling the cost, acrylamide is relatively cheap.

[0033] In the present application, the solvent is water, deep eutectic solvent or ionic liquid. Preferably, it is a deep eutectic solvent, which is used as a dispersion medium. Compared with water, the high and low temperature resistance and long-term stability of such a liquid are better.

[0034] In the present application, the deep eutectic solvent includes choline chloride+urea, choline chloride+ethylene glycol, choline chloride+glycerol or choline chloride+zinc chloride. The deep eutectic solvent is specifically choline chloride+urea, because compared with water, the high and low temperature resistance and long-term stability of choline chloride+urea are better; compared with ionic liquid, the cost advantage of choline chloride+urea is more significant, and the compatibility with the polymer matrix is better. Among many deep eutectic solvents, choline chloride+urea is selected because the high and low temperature resistance of choline chloride+urea is more excellent among deep eutectic solvents.

[0035] In the present application, the ionic liquid includes one or more of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoroacetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis-trifluoromethylsulfonylimide, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate.

[0036] In the present application, the solid-liquid ratio of the acrylamide monomer and the photoinitiator is 1:3-4 g / μL, the photoinitiator includes one or more of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-1-propanone, phenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) lithium phosphate salt, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and the crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide. The photoinitiator initiates the reaction in the ultraviolet light polymerization process, allowing the polymerized monomers to form polymers, and the preferred photoinitiator is 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-1-propanone.

[0037] In the present application, the number of layers of the strong / damping alternating multi-layer ionic gel material is 2-16 layers, the single layer thickness is 0.1-1 mm, and the layer thickness ratio is 0.5-2:1. Through the light curing process, the layer structure controllable construction of the number of layers 2-16 layers, the layer thickness ratio 0.5-2, and the single layer thickness 0.1-1 mm is achieved, and the material size and structure can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0038] The alternating multi-layer ionic gel material prepared by the above preparation method of the present application can be used for making flexible protective materials.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A preparation method of an alternating multi-layer ionic gel material utilizing a strong / damping mechanism to synergistically resist impact, including the following steps:

[0041] (1) 5 g of acrylamide monomer, 5 g of 3-(acryloyloxy)propane-1-sulfonic acid potassium, and 20 g of deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride+urea) are mixed, stirred and dispersed at 30°C for 2 h at a speed of 500 rpm; after uniform dispersion, 19 μL of photoinitiator is added, and stirring and dispersion are continued for 0.7 h to obtain a high-damping ionic gel precursor solution.

[0042] (2) 5 g of acrylamide monomer, 5 g of methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, and 15 g of deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride / urea) are mixed, stirred and dispersed at 30°C for 2 h at a speed of 5000 rpm; after uniform dispersion, 0.2 g of crosslinking agent N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide and 19 μL of photoinitiator are added, and stirring and dispersion are continued for 0.6 h to obtain a high-toughness ionic gel prepolymer.

[0043] (3) Pour the high-damping ionic gel precursor solution into an 8 cm x 8 cm silica gel mold, and use a 365 nm wavelength light source in the ultraviolet curing device with an output power of 20% for 10 s of curing to obtain a damping layer gel. Then, pour the high-toughness ionic gel prepolymer solution on the surface of the gel layer, and place it back in the ultraviolet curing device to use a 365 nm wavelength light source with an output power of 20% for 10 s of curing to obtain a tough layer gel. Repeat the above steps 4 times to sequentially perform the photopolymerization process of the damping and tough layer gels, and thus obtain a tough / damping alternating multilayer ionic gel with 8 layers and a thickness of 4 mm, which is denoted as PAD / PAP 8L group.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] A preparation method of an alternating multilayer ionic gel material utilizing a tough / damping mechanism to synergistically resist impact, comprising the following steps:

[0046] (1) Mix 5 g of acrylamide monomer, 5 g of 3-(acryloyloxy)propane-1-sulfonic acid potassium salt, and 17.5 g of a deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride + urea), stir and disperse at 40°C for 1 h at a speed of 400 rpm. After uniform dispersion, add 15 μL of a photoinitiator and continue to stir and disperse for 0.5 h to obtain a high-damping ionic gel precursor solution.

[0047] (2) Mix 5 g of acrylamide monomer, 5 g of methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, and 12.5 g of a deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride / urea), stir and disperse at 20°C for 3 h at a speed of 600 rpm. After uniform dispersion, add 0.1 g of a crosslinking agent N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 15 μL of a photoinitiator, and continue to stir and disperse for 1 h to obtain a high-toughness ionic gel prepolymer solution.

[0048] (3) Pour the high-damping ionic gel precursor solution into an 8 cm x 8 cm silica gel mold, and use a 365 nm wavelength light source in the ultraviolet curing device with an output power of 20% for 15 s of curing to obtain a damping layer gel. Then, pour the high-toughness ionic gel prepolymer solution on the surface of the gel layer, and place it back in the ultraviolet curing device to use a 365 nm wavelength light source with an output power of 20% for 15 s of curing to obtain a tough layer gel. Repeat the above steps 3 times to sequentially perform the photopolymerization process of the damping and tough layer gels, and thus obtain a tough / damping alternating multilayer ionic gel with 6 layers and a thickness of 4 mm, which is denoted as PAD / PAP 6L group.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] A preparation method of an alternating multilayer ionic gel material utilizing a tough / damping mechanism to synergistically resist impact, comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) 5 g of acrylamide monomer, 5 g of 3-(acryloyloxy)propane-1-sulfonic acid potassium salt, and 27.5 g of a deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride + urea) were mixed, stirred and dispersed at 20°C for 3 h at a rotation speed of 600 rpm; after uniform dispersion, 20 μL of a photoinitiator was added, and stirring and dispersion were continued for 1 h to obtain a high-damping ionic gel precursor solution.

[0052] (2) 5 g of acrylamide monomer, 5 g of methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, and 17.5 g of a deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride / urea) were mixed, stirred and dispersed at 40°C for 1 h at a rotation speed of 400 rpm; after uniform dispersion, 0.25 g of a crosslinking agent N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 20 μL of a photoinitiator were added, and stirring and dispersion were continued for 1 h to obtain a high-toughness ionic gel prepolymer solution.

[0053] (3) The high-damping ionic gel precursor solution was poured into a 8 cm x 8 cm silica gel mold, and a 365 nm wavelength light source was used in a UV curing device at an output power of 20% for 5 s of curing to obtain a damping layer gel; then, the high-toughness ionic gel prepolymer solution was poured onto the surface of the gel layer, and a 365 nm wavelength light source was used in the UV curing device at an output power of 20% for 5 s of curing to obtain a tough layer gel. The above steps were repeated twice, and the light polymerization process of the damping and tough layer gels was sequentially performed, so that a high-toughness / damping alternating multilayer ionic gel with 4 layers and a thickness of 4 mm was obtained, which was recorded as the PAD / PAP 4L group.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the light polymerization process of the damping and tough layer gels is performed once, and a high-toughness / damping alternating multilayer ionic gel with 2 layers and a thickness of 4 mm is obtained, which is recorded as the PAD / PAP 2L group.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that only the high-damping ionic gel precursor solution is subjected to the light polymerization process to obtain a high-toughness ionic gel with a thickness of 4 mm, which is recorded as the P(AM-DMC) group.

[0058] Example 6

[0059] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that only the high-toughness ionic gel prepolymer solution is subjected to the light polymerization process to obtain a high-damping ionic gel with a thickness of 4 mm, which is recorded as the P(AM-PAS) group.

[0060] Example 7

[0061] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that only acrylamide (AM) is used as a polymerization monomer to perform polymerization by using a photopolymerization process to obtain a polyacrylamide ion gel with a thickness of 4 mm, which is denoted as PAM group.

[0062] Test example

[0063] (1) According to GB / T 6040-2019 General rules for infrared spectroscopic analysis, Fourier infrared transform spectroscopy is used to determine the series of ion gels prepared in the embodiments to characterize their structural characteristics. For example, Figure 1 is a spectrum analysis diagram (FT-IR) of various raw materials of acrylamide (AM), 3-(acryloyloxy) propane-1-sulfonic acid potassium (PAS), methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (DMC), deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride / urea) (DES), and N, N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA), Figure 2 is a spectrum analysis diagram of ion gels of embodiments 5-7.

[0064] It can be seen from Figure 1 and Figure 2 that the peaks at 1610-1650 cm -1 observed in the raw materials are not observed in the ion gels, indicating that the C=C bond in the raw materials has been completely reacted in the polymerization reaction in the preparation process; the peaks at 1150-1300 cm -1 and 1040-1080 cm -1 in P(AM-DMC) and P(AM-PAS) ion gels correspond to the C-O-C bond and S=O bond in DMC and PAS raw materials, respectively, so it can be confirmed that the preparation method proposed in the present application can successfully synthesize copolymers in the polymerization process, thereby successfully obtaining the polymer ion gel proposed in the present application.

[0065] (2) According to GB / T 19466.2-2004 Plastics - Differential scanning calorimetry - Part 2: Determination of the glass transition temperature, the differential scanning calorimeter is used to test the low temperature resistance of the ion gels prepared in the embodiments.

[0066] For example, Figure 3 is a differential scanning calorimetry curve of the deep eutectic solvent and embodiments 4-6. The differential scanning calorimetry method can reflect the low temperature resistance of the ion gel. It can be seen from Figure 3 that no crystallization peak is observed in the ion gel in the range of -80~10℃, i.e. the low temperature resistance of the ion gel proposed in the present application is significantly improved.

[0067] (3) According to GB / T 33047-2022 "Plastics - Dynamic mechanical properties - Part 1: General principles", the damping performance of the ionic gel prepared in Example 1 was tested by a dynamic mechanical analyzer.

[0068] As Figure 4 is the temperature scanning dynamic mechanical curve of Example 1. The damping characteristics of the ionic gel in a wide temperature range can be reflected by dynamic mechanical analysis. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the damping factor of the ionic gel is always greater than 0.3 in the range of-49~154℃, that is, the wide temperature range damping characteristics of the ionic gel proposed by the application are significantly improved.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an alternating multilayer ionogel material that utilizes a synergistic impact resistance mechanism of strength / damping, characterized in that, It consists of the following steps: (1) Disperse acrylamide monomer and potassium 3-(acryloyloxy)propane-1-sulfonate in a solvent, add a photoinitiator to react, and obtain a high-damping ion gel precursor solution; (2) Acrylamide monomer and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride are dispersed in a solvent, and a crosslinking agent and a photoinitiator are added to react and a high-strength and tough ion gel prepolymer is obtained; (3) Pour the high-damping ion gel precursor solution into the mold and cure it under ultraviolet light to obtain the damping layer gel; pour the high-strength and tough ion gel prepolymer liquid onto the surface of the damping layer gel and cure it under ultraviolet light to obtain the tough layer gel. Repeat the above steps alternately to obtain a tough / damping alternating multilayer ion gel material with 2n layers.

2. The method for preparing alternating multilayer ionogel materials with synergistic impact resistance utilizing a strength / damping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of acrylamide monomer, potassium 3-(acryloyloxy)propane-1-sulfonate and solvent is 1:1:3.5-5.

5.

3. The method for preparing alternating multilayer ionogel materials with synergistic impact resistance utilizing a strength / damping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the mass ratio of acrylamide monomer, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, solvent and crosslinking agent is 1:1:2.5-3.5:0.02-0.

05.

4. The method for preparing alternating multilayer ionogel materials utilizing a synergistic impact resistance mechanism based on a strength / damping mechanism according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The solvent is water, deep eutectic solvent, or ionic liquid.

5. The method for preparing alternating multilayer ionogel materials with synergistic impact resistance utilizing a strength / damping mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, Deep eutectic solvents include choline chloride + urea, choline chloride + ethylene glycol, choline chloride + glycerol, or choline chloride + zinc chloride.

6. The method for preparing the alternating multilayer ionogel material with synergistic impact resistance utilizing a strength / damping mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, Ionic liquids include one or more of the following: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoroacetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate.

7. The method for preparing alternating multilayer ionogel materials with synergistic impact resistance utilizing a strength / damping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-liquid ratio of acrylamide monomer to photoinitiator is 1:3-4 g / μL. The photoinitiator includes one or more of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-1-propanone, lithium phenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphate, α-ketoglutaric acid, and benzoyl peroxide. The crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide.

8. The method for preparing alternating multilayer ionogel materials with synergistic impact resistance utilizing a strength / damping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of layers in the alternating toughness / damping multilayer ionogel material is 2-16, the thickness of a single layer is 0.1-1 mm, and the layer-to-thickness ratio is 0.5-2:

1.

9. A multilayer ionogel material with alternating layers that utilize a strength / damping mechanism for synergistic impact resistance, characterized in that... It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The application of the alternating multilayer ionogel material with synergistic impact resistance using a strength / damping mechanism as described in claim 9 in the preparation of flexible protective materials.

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