A probe for pulsed electric field measurements

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of pulse electric field detection devices, and discloses a detector for pulse electric field measurement, which comprises an induction unit, a signal transmission unit, a dynamic adjustment module and an environment adaptation module, wherein the dynamic adjustment module is configured to adjust the input impedance value of the induction unit in real time according to the change of an electromagnetic environment; the environment adaptation module is connected with the induction unit, the signal transmission unit and the dynamic adjustment module respectively, and is configured to optimize a signal transmission path according to the requirement of a test scene; and the input impedance of the induction unit is dynamically adjusted and the signal transmission path is optimized, so that the precision and stability of pulse electric field measurement can be improved, and the change of different electromagnetic environments and test scenes can be adapted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pulsed electric field detection devices, in particular to a detector for pulsed electric field measurement. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a core tool for testing voltage pulse signals in complex electromagnetic environments, electric field measurement detectors are mainly used to capture transient electric field changes and convert them into monitorable electrical signals. Their performance directly affects the accuracy and reliability of data acquisition. With the increasing complexity of electromagnetic environments and the increasing demand for high-precision measurement, existing detectors need to respond to rapidly changing electric field signals in a very short time while ensuring the stability and anti-interference ability of signal transmission. Especially under high-frequency and high-field conditions, the response speed and sensitivity of the detector become key indicators.

[0003] Currently, the electric field probes in the prior art mostly adopt active design or fixed-parameter passive structure. Such designs can meet basic testing needs in conventional electromagnetic environments. However, in complex electromagnetic environments, due to the wide range of signal frequencies and the dramatic changes in intensity, traditional probes are easily affected by external electromagnetic interference, leading to a decrease in measurement accuracy. In addition, the response time of some probes is relatively long, making it difficult to capture nanosecond-level transient electric field signals, and the matching of output impedance with the back-end equipment has certain limitations, which may introduce additional signal distortion. At the same time, the structural design of existing probes is usually fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to actual testing needs, limiting their applicability in multiple scenarios.

[0004] In summary, the existing electric field measurement detectors still have problems such as insufficient response speed, limited anti-interference ability, and weak adaptability in complex electromagnetic environments. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new probe structure with fast response characteristics, good anti-interference ability, and easy system integration to improve the performance and reliability of the overall testing system. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of this, the present application proposes a detector for pulsed electric field measurement, aiming to solve the problem of decreased measurement accuracy caused by insufficient response time, limited anti-interference ability, and weak adaptability of passive differential electric field probes in complex electromagnetic environments in current technology.

[0006] The present application proposes a detector for pulsed electric field measurement, comprising: a sensing unit, a signal transmission unit, a dynamic adjustment module, and an environment adaptation module, wherein the dynamic adjustment module is configured to adjust the input impedance value of the sensing unit in real time according to the changes of the electromagnetic environment; the environment adaptation module is connected with the sensing unit, the signal transmission unit, and the dynamic adjustment module respectively, and the environment adaptation module is configured to optimize the signal transmission path according to the testing scene requirements.

[0007] Further, the dynamic adjustment module comprises:

[0008] The sensitivity adjustment component is arranged at the periphery of the induction unit, and the sensitivity adjustment component adjusts the input impedance of the induction unit through the embedded micro capacitor array.

[0009] The frequency compensation component is embedded in the inside of the signal transmission unit, and the frequency compensation component realizes the attenuation compensation of the high-frequency signal through the tunable filter circuit.

[0010] The electromagnetic shielding component is configured to monitor the intensity of external electromagnetic interference and dynamically adjust the thickness of the shielding layer.

[0011] Further, the environmental adaptation module comprises:

[0012] The data acquisition unit is connected with the sensitivity adjustment component, the frequency compensation component and the electromagnetic shielding component respectively, and the data acquisition unit obtains the external electromagnetic field intensity, temperature and humidity information through the integrated micro sensor.

[0013] The analysis processing unit is connected with the induction unit, the signal transmission unit and the data acquisition unit respectively, and the analysis processing unit determines the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module through the built-in algorithm, and optimizes the signal transmission path of the environmental adaptation module according to the adjustment amount.

[0014] The execution unit is connected with the analysis processing unit and the dynamic adjustment module respectively, and the execution unit completes the adjustment of the state of the induction unit and the signal transmission unit through the driving mechanism.

[0015] Further, when the analysis processing unit determines the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module according to the external electromagnetic environment information, comprising:

[0016] The analysis processing unit is further configured to substitute the external electromagnetic field intensity information into the pre-established sensitivity matching model to determine the initial sensitivity adjustment amount.

[0017] The analysis processing unit is further configured to obtain the relative change value between the current temperature distribution and the historical adjacent period temperature distribution, and determine the compensation coefficient according to the relative change value.

[0018] The analysis processing unit is further configured to correct the initial sensitivity adjustment amount according to the compensation coefficient, and determine the corrected adjustment amount as the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module.

[0019] Further, when the analysis processing unit pre-establishes the sensitivity matching model, comprising:

[0020] The analysis processing unit is further configured to collect a number of electromagnetic field intensity samples and corresponding target sensitivity sample experimental data sets.

[0021] The analysis processing unit is further configured to take the electromagnetic field intensity samples in the experimental data set as input, take the corresponding target sensitivity samples as reference benchmarks, and train the physical response model;

[0022] The analysis processing unit is further configured to establish a sensitivity matching model according to the training result.

[0023] Further, when the analysis processing unit acquires the relative change values between the current temperature distribution and the historical adjacent period temperature distribution, and determines the compensation coefficient according to the relative change values, the method comprises:

[0024] The analysis processing unit is further configured to compare the relationship between each relative change value and the preset change threshold, determine whether to modify the initial sensitivity adjustment amount, and calculate the compensation coefficient when modification is needed:

[0025] When each relative change value is lower than the preset change threshold, the analysis processing unit determines not to modify the initial sensitivity adjustment amount;

[0026] When any relative change value is higher than or equal to the preset change threshold, the analysis processing unit determines to modify the initial sensitivity adjustment amount, and determines the compensation coefficient according to the relationship between each relative change value and the preset change threshold.

[0027] Further, when the analysis processing unit determines the compensation coefficient according to the relationship between each relative change value and the preset change threshold, the method comprises:

[0028] The analysis processing unit is further configured to acquire the difference between each relative change value and the preset change threshold;

[0029] The analysis processing unit is further configured to process each difference value based on linear mapping, and acquire the deviation degree between each relative change value and the preset change threshold according to the mapped processed difference values;

[0030] The analysis processing unit is further configured to determine the compensation coefficient according to the relationship between the deviation degree and the first preset deviation value and the second preset deviation value:

[0031] When the deviation degree is lower than the first preset deviation value, the analysis processing unit determines the compensation coefficient C1;

[0032] When the deviation degree is higher than or equal to the first preset deviation value and lower than the second preset deviation value, the analysis processing unit determines the compensation coefficient C2;

[0033] When the deviation degree is higher than or equal to the second preset deviation value, the analysis processing unit determines the compensation coefficient C3;

[0034] Wherein, the first preset deviation value is less than the second preset deviation value, and 1

[0035] Further, the analysis processing unit adjusts the signal transmission path of the environment adaptation module according to the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0036] The analysis processing unit is further configured to obtain a signal transmission range adjustment ratio of the environment adaptation module, and determine an optimized signal transmission range according to a relationship between the current signal transmission state and the signal transmission range adjustment ratio.

[0037] The analysis processing unit is further configured to obtain a signal quality mean value within the signal transmission range.

[0038] The analysis processing unit is further configured to obtain a difference value between the signal quality mean value and a preset signal quality target value, and determine a final signal transmission path according to a relationship between the difference value and a preset difference value.

[0039] When the difference value is lower than or equal to the preset difference value, the analysis processing unit determines the current signal transmission path as the final signal transmission path.

[0040] When the difference value is higher than the preset difference value, the analysis processing unit determines a correction factor according to a relationship between the difference value and the preset difference value, and determines a signal transmission path adjusted according to the correction factor as the final signal transmission path.

[0041] Further, the analysis processing unit determines the correction factor according to a relationship between the difference value and the preset difference value, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0042] The analysis processing unit is further configured to obtain a ratio between the difference value and the preset difference value, and determine an adjustment range of the correction factor according to a relationship between the ratio and a first preset ratio and a second preset ratio.

[0043] When the ratio is lower than the first preset ratio, the analysis processing unit determines that the adjustment range of the correction factor is M1.

[0044] When the ratio is higher than or equal to the first preset ratio and lower than the second preset ratio, the analysis processing unit determines that the adjustment range of the correction factor is M2.

[0045] When the ratio is higher than or equal to the second preset ratio, the analysis processing unit determines that the adjustment range of the correction factor is M3.

[0046] Wherein, the first preset ratio is smaller than the second preset ratio, and M1

[0047] Further, the analysis processing unit optimizes the overall performance of the detector according to the final signal transmission path, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0048] The analysis processing unit is further configured to obtain a synergy ratio between the environment adaptation module and the dynamic adjustment module.

[0049] The analysis processing unit is further configured to determine a detector overall performance optimization scheme based on the final signal transmission path and the synergy ratio.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: by adjusting the input impedance of the sensing unit in real time through the dynamic adjustment module, the impedance mismatch problem that easily occurs in the complex electromagnetic field in the traditional fixed impedance design can be effectively overcome, thereby greatly improving the measurement accuracy and signal fidelity, and ensuring that the detector can capture the real and undistorted pulse electric field waveform even in a harsh environment with strong interference or rapidly changing frequency spectrum characteristics. Secondly, the environment adaptation module greatly enhances the scene adaptability and application flexibility of the detector by intelligently optimizing the signal transmission path. It can automatically select the optimal signal transmission and processing strategy according to the specific needs of different test scenes (such as near-field and far-field measurement, different polarization directions, and complex environments with multiple reflectors), thereby suppressing noise interference, improving the signal-to-noise ratio, and also expanding the effective working range of the detector. Finally, the two modules work together to form an intelligent adaptive measurement system. This scheme fundamentally changes the passive and fixed working mode of the traditional detector, enabling it to actively perceive changes in the electromagnetic environment and test requirements and make real-time optimization, ultimately improving the reliability, stability, and measurement accuracy of pulse electric field measurement in complex modern electromagnetic environments, and has high engineering application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0051] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a description of the preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. Moreover, like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the several views. In the drawings:

[0052] Figure 1 A functional block diagram of a detector for pulse electric field measurement is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 2 A flowchart of a detector for pulse electric field measurement is provided for an embodiment of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0055] like Figures 1-2 As shown in some embodiments of this application, this embodiment provides a detector for pulse electric field measurement, including: a sensing unit, a signal transmission unit, a dynamic adjustment module, and an environmental adaptation module. The dynamic adjustment module is configured to adjust the input impedance value of the sensing unit in real time according to changes in the electromagnetic environment. The environmental adaptation module is connected to the sensing unit, the signal transmission unit, and the dynamic adjustment module respectively, and is configured to optimize the signal transmission path according to the requirements of the test scenario.

[0056] Understandably, the basic operation of a detector begins with the sensing unit. This is typically a sensor based on electro-optical effects (such as the Pockels effect) or a dedicated dipole antenna, whose core function is to convert pulsed electric field energy in space into corresponding weak electrical or optical signals. The efficiency and accuracy of this conversion process directly determine the fundamental quality of the measurement. However, the input impedance of the sensing unit is a critical parameter; it acts like a "gate," with the impedance value determining how much electric field energy can be effectively "collected." In a static, singular electromagnetic environment, a fixed impedance value might be feasible, but once the environment changes, a fixed impedance can lead to signal reflection, energy loss, or distortion. Next, the dynamic adjustment module plays a crucial role. It is essentially a real-time impedance matching system. This module likely includes an environmental electromagnetic field monitoring circuit and a fast-response variable impedance network (possibly composed of PIN diodes, varactor diodes, or digitally controlled impedance chips). It continuously monitors the characteristics of the surrounding electromagnetic environment (such as field strength and frequency components). When a change in the environment is detected, it instantly calculates the optimal input impedance value through a built-in algorithm or feedback loop and drives the variable impedance network to adjust accordingly. This is equivalent to installing a smart access control system on the "door" of the sensing unit. Regardless of changes in external electromagnetic "wind and rain," it can automatically adjust the "opening degree" of the door to ensure maximum energy capture efficiency and minimal signal distortion, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy and authenticity of the measurement results. Finally, the environmental adaptation module is located at the intersection of the sensing unit, signal transmission unit, and dynamic adjustment module. Its technical principle focuses on system-level link optimization. Based on the user's preset "test scenario requirements" (e.g., pursuing ultra-high bandwidth, extremely low noise, long-distance transmission, or resistance to extreme interference), this module can intelligently select or combine different signal transmission paths and processing strategies. For example, in a strong interference scenario, it may prioritize a path with better shielding and enable filtering algorithms; in a scenario requiring high fidelity, it may bypass certain circuit links that may introduce noise, ensuring that the signal is transmitted to the back-end equipment in the "purest" way. Through technologies such as Software-Defined Radio (SDR) or Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), it achieves flexible reconstruction of the signal flow path, enabling a single hardware system to flexibly adapt to various demanding application scenarios.

[0057] It is evident that the dynamic adjustment module can adjust the input impedance of the sensing unit in real time according to changes in the electromagnetic environment, a crucial characteristic. In complex and ever-changing electromagnetic environments, electromagnetic interference, electric field strength, and other factors vary significantly across different scenarios. By adjusting the input impedance in real time, the impact of external electromagnetic interference on the sensing unit can be effectively reduced, ensuring that the sensing unit remains in optimal operating condition. This significantly improves the accuracy and stability of the detector's pulse electric field measurement, ensuring that the measurement results truly reflect the actual situation of the pulse electric field. Secondly, the environmental adaptation module optimizes the signal transmission path according to the requirements of the test scenario. Different test scenarios, such as indoor, outdoor, and areas with strong electromagnetic interference, have different requirements for signal transmission. The environmental adaptation module can intelligently select the optimal signal transmission path for these different scenarios, avoiding problems such as signal attenuation and distortion during transmission, greatly improving the efficiency and quality of signal transmission. This not only helps ensure the integrity and reliability of the measurement signal output by the detector but also enables the detector to operate stably in various complex test scenarios, significantly enhancing the detector's environmental adaptability and versatility. Finally, the sensing unit, signal transmission unit, dynamic adjustment module, and environmental adaptation module work together in a coordinated manner, giving the detector unique advantages in the field of pulsed electric field measurement. From sensing the electric field signal to adjusting the input impedance to reduce interference, and then to optimizing the signal transmission path, the entire measurement process forms an organic whole, providing users with a more accurate, efficient, and reliable pulsed electric field measurement solution, effectively meeting the stringent requirements for pulsed electric field measurement in different application scenarios.

[0058] Specifically, the dynamic adjustment module includes: a sensitivity control component configured on the periphery of the sensing unit, which dynamically adjusts the input impedance of the sensing unit through an embedded micro capacitor array; a frequency compensation component embedded inside the signal transmission unit, which compensates for the attenuation of high-frequency signals through a tunable filter circuit; and an electromagnetic shielding component configured to monitor the intensity of external electromagnetic interference and dynamically adjust the thickness of the shielding layer.

[0059] Understandably, the sensitivity control component dynamically adjusts the input impedance of the sensing unit through an embedded micro-capacitor array. This component surrounds the sensing unit and uses the switching or capacitance changes of the micro-capacitor array to alter the input impedance matching state in real time. When external signal strength or environmental conditions change, the system optimizes impedance matching by adjusting capacitor parameters, thereby improving signal acquisition sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio, and preventing signal distortion or attenuation. Secondly, the frequency compensation component compensates for the attenuation of high-frequency signals from the signal transmission unit through a tunable filter circuit. This component is embedded inside the signal transmission path and dynamically suppresses high-frequency noise or signal distortion by adjusting the parameters of the filter circuit (such as cutoff frequency or gain). This compensation can offset frequency-dependent losses during transmission, ensuring signal fidelity and stability over a wide bandwidth. Finally, the electromagnetic shielding component dynamically adjusts the thickness or structure of the shielding layer by monitoring the intensity of external electromagnetic interference in real time. This component may employ smart materials or active control mechanisms to adjust the physical properties of the shielding layer (such as conductive layer thickness or permeability) based on detected changes in electromagnetic field strength, thereby effectively isolating interference and ensuring the stable operation of the internal circuitry.

[0060] Understandably, the sensitivity control component dynamically adjusts the input impedance of the sensing unit through an embedded micro-capacitor array, enabling the system to adapt to different signal environments and intensity variations. Its beneficial effects are directly reflected in a significant improvement in signal acquisition quality and reliability: it automatically optimizes impedance matching, thereby enhancing the ability to capture weak signals while preventing overload distortion caused by strong signals, ultimately significantly improving the overall system's measurement accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio. Secondly, the frequency compensation component intelligently attenuates and compensates for high-frequency signals through a built-in tunable filter circuit, resulting in excellent signal fidelity and transmission integrity. Traditional systems often experience signal attenuation and distortion at high frequencies, while this component can dynamically cancel and correct these, ensuring undistorted signals during transmission. This is particularly suitable for broadband or high-frequency applications, guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of data processing. Finally, the dynamic adjustment capability of the electromagnetic shielding component constitutes a powerful anti-interference guarantee. By monitoring external electromagnetic interference in real time and actively adjusting the shielding layer thickness, it is no longer a traditional static, passive protection, but an active, adaptive defense mechanism. This effectively isolates noise in complex and variable electromagnetic environments, greatly improving the system's stability and lifespan under strong interference, while also preventing data errors or system crashes caused by electromagnetic interference.

[0061] Specifically, the environmental adaptation module includes: a data acquisition unit connected to the sensitivity adjustment component, frequency compensation component, and electromagnetic shielding component, respectively; the data acquisition unit acquires information on external electromagnetic field strength, temperature, and humidity through integrated micro sensors; an analysis and processing unit connected to the sensing unit, signal transmission unit, and data acquisition unit, respectively; the analysis and processing unit determines the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module through a built-in algorithm, and optimizes the signal transmission path of the environmental adaptation module according to the adjustment amount; and an execution unit connected to the analysis and processing unit and the dynamic adjustment module, respectively; the execution unit adjusts the state of the sensing unit and the signal transmission unit through a drive mechanism.

[0062] Understandably, the data acquisition unit acquires multi-dimensional environmental information in real time through integrated micro-sensors. These micro-sensors possess high sensitivity and rapid response characteristics, enabling them to accurately capture environmental parameters such as external electromagnetic field strength, temperature, and humidity. These parameters are closely related to the performance of each component in the dynamic adjustment module. For example, electromagnetic field strength affects the shielding effect of the electromagnetic shielding component, while temperature and humidity may alter the electrical characteristics of the sensing unit and signal transmission unit. The data acquisition unit transmits the acquired information to the analysis and processing unit, providing a data foundation for subsequent decision-making. Secondly, the analysis and processing unit comprehensively analyzes the environmental parameters transmitted from the data acquisition unit, as well as the operating status data of the sensing unit and signal transmission unit, using built-in algorithms. Taking the determination of the preset sensitivity adjustment amount as an example, the algorithm calculates the required adjustment parameters for the sensitivity control component based on current environmental parameters (such as the potential interference from electromagnetic field strength and the impact of temperature and humidity changes on circuit performance) and system requirements. Simultaneously, it plans an optimized signal transmission path based on signal transmission losses and environmental factors. This algorithm-based dynamic decision-making mechanism ensures that the module makes the most reasonable adjustment strategy according to environmental changes. Finally, the execution unit translates the instructions from the analysis and processing unit into actual actions through a drive mechanism. When the analysis and processing unit outputs adjustment commands, the execution unit drives the corresponding mechanical or electronic devices to adjust the states of the sensing unit and signal transmission unit. For example, for the sensitivity control component, the drive mechanism can control the combined state of the embedded micro-capacitor array to achieve dynamic adjustment of the input impedance; for the signal transmission unit, the execution unit can change the parameters of the tunable filter circuit to compensate for high-frequency signals or adjust the transmission path to optimize signal transmission. Through this precise execution mechanism, the environmental adaptation module can quickly respond to environmental changes and maintain stable system operation.

[0063] Specifically, when the analysis and processing unit determines the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module based on the external electromagnetic environment information, the following steps are included: the analysis and processing unit is further configured to substitute the external electromagnetic field strength information into a pre-established sensitivity matching model to determine the initial sensitivity adjustment amount; the analysis and processing unit is further configured to obtain the relative change value between the current temperature distribution and the temperature distribution of adjacent historical time periods, and determine the compensation coefficient based on the relative change value; the analysis and processing unit is further configured to correct the initial sensitivity adjustment amount based on the compensation coefficient, and determine the corrected adjustment amount as the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module.

[0064] Specifically, when analyzing the sensitivity matching model pre-established by the analysis and processing unit, the following steps are included: the analysis and processing unit is further configured to collect an experimental dataset of several electromagnetic field strength samples and corresponding target sensitivity samples; the analysis and processing unit is further configured to use the electromagnetic field strength samples in the experimental dataset as input, use the corresponding target sensitivity samples as reference benchmarks, and train the physical response model; the analysis and processing unit is further configured to establish a sensitivity matching model based on the training results.

[0065] Specifically, when the analysis and processing unit obtains the relative change values ​​between the current temperature distribution and the temperature distribution of adjacent historical time periods, and determines the compensation coefficient based on the relative change values, the analysis and processing unit is further configured to compare the relationship between each relative change value and a preset change threshold, determine whether to correct the initial sensitivity adjustment amount, and calculate the compensation coefficient when correction is required: when each relative change value is lower than the preset change threshold, the analysis and processing unit determines not to correct the initial sensitivity adjustment amount; when any relative change value is higher than or equal to the preset change threshold, the analysis and processing unit determines to correct the initial sensitivity adjustment amount and determines the compensation coefficient based on the relationship between each relative change value and the preset change threshold.

[0066] Specifically, when the analysis and processing unit determines the compensation coefficient based on the relationship between each relative change value and a preset change threshold, the following steps are included: the analysis and processing unit is further configured to obtain the difference between each relative change value and the preset change threshold; the analysis and processing unit is further configured to process each difference based on a linear mapping, and obtain the degree of deviation between each relative change value and the preset change threshold based on each difference after mapping processing; the analysis and processing unit is further configured to determine the compensation coefficient based on the relationship between the degree of deviation and a first preset deviation value and a second preset deviation value: when the degree of deviation is lower than the first preset deviation value, the analysis and processing unit determines the compensation coefficient C1; when the degree of deviation is higher than or equal to the first preset deviation value and lower than the second preset deviation value, the analysis and processing unit determines the compensation coefficient C2; when the degree of deviation is higher than or equal to the second preset deviation value, the analysis and processing unit determines the compensation coefficient C3; wherein, the first preset deviation value is less than the second preset deviation value, and 1 < C1 < C2 < C3.

[0067] Understandably, the construction of the sensitivity matching model is fundamental to the entire adjustment process, providing an initial basis for subsequent sensitivity adjustments. The analysis and processing unit employs a combination of data-driven and machine learning methods when constructing this model. First, during the data collection phase, extensive experiments and tests are conducted to collect sample data under different electromagnetic field intensities, while simultaneously recording the target sensitivity samples required by the system under corresponding conditions. These data collectively constitute the experimental dataset. This dataset covers a wide range of electromagnetic field environments from low to high intensity, ensuring the model possesses good generalization ability. Next, using the electromagnetic field intensity samples as input variables and the corresponding target sensitivity samples as reference benchmarks, the physical response model is trained. The physical response model can be based on a traditional mathematical model or an intelligent model based on machine learning algorithms such as neural networks. During training, the model learns the intrinsic mapping relationship between electromagnetic field intensity and target sensitivity by continuously adjusting its internal parameters. For example, in a neural network model, the backpropagation algorithm is used to adjust the connection weights between neurons in each layer, making the sensitivity value output by the model as close as possible to the target sensitivity sample. After extensive training and optimization with a large amount of data, the sensitivity matching model is finally established. This model can quickly output the corresponding initial sensitivity adjustment amount based on real-time acquired external electromagnetic field strength information, laying the foundation for subsequent precise adjustment. Furthermore, since temperature changes significantly affect the physical characteristics of circuit components, thus interfering with the actual sensitivity effect, the analysis and processing unit introduces a temperature compensation mechanism. This mechanism monitors temperature changes to determine whether the initial sensitivity adjustment amount needs to be corrected, ensuring the accuracy of the adjustment result. The analysis and processing unit acquires the current temperature distribution information and compares it with the temperature distribution of adjacent historical time periods to calculate the relative change value. These relative change values ​​reflect the temperature fluctuation over time. Then, each relative change value is compared with a preset change threshold. The preset change threshold is set according to the system's temperature sensitivity requirements and the actual application scenario; it is a key indicator for determining whether correction is needed. When all relative change values ​​are below the preset change threshold, it indicates that the current temperature fluctuation is small and its impact on system sensitivity is negligible; therefore, no correction is made to the initial sensitivity adjustment. However, when any relative change value is higher than or equal to the preset change threshold, it indicates that the temperature change has had a significant impact on the system. In this case, the analysis and processing unit will determine to correct the initial sensitivity adjustment and initiate the calculation process for the compensation coefficient. Finally, after determining that correction is necessary, the analysis and processing unit needs to determine an appropriate compensation coefficient based on the relationship between the relative temperature change values ​​and the preset change threshold. This process uses a hierarchical mapping method to precisely match the degree of temperature change with the compensation intensity. The analysis and processing unit calculates the difference between each relative change value and the preset change threshold. These differences directly reflect the degree to which the temperature change deviates from the normal range.To transform the differences into more intuitive and easily processed indicators, the analysis and processing unit employs a linear mapping method to process each difference. Through linear mapping, the differences can be mapped to a specific interval, thereby obtaining the degree of deviation between each relative change value and a preset change threshold. Then, based on the relationship between the degree of deviation and preset first and second deviation values, the final compensation coefficient is determined. The first and second preset deviation values ​​divide the degree of deviation into three intervals, corresponding to different compensation strengths. When the degree of deviation is lower than the first preset deviation value, it indicates a small temperature change, requiring only slight correction; therefore, the analysis and processing unit determines the compensation coefficient to be C1. When the degree of deviation is higher than or equal to the first preset deviation value but lower than the second preset deviation value, it indicates that the temperature change has reached a certain level, requiring stronger correction; in this case, the compensation coefficient is determined to be C2. When the degree of deviation is higher than or equal to the second preset deviation value, it indicates a large temperature change with a significant impact on the system; therefore, the compensation coefficient is determined to be C3. The incrementing compensation coefficient setting, 1 < C1 < C2 < C3, ensures that the system can achieve precise corrections from slight to significant based on the actual temperature changes.

[0068] In a specific embodiment of this application, the above steps are implemented in the following scenario: In an industrial automated production workshop, this dynamic adjustment mechanism can achieve intelligent sensitivity control of precision sensing equipment. For example, when the electromagnetic field strength generated by the operation of high-frequency equipment in the workshop suddenly increases to 800μT, the analysis and processing unit substitutes this value into a pre-trained sensitivity matching model—this model is trained based on 500 sets of historically collected electromagnetic field strength (200-1200μT) and corresponding target sensitivity (levels 1-5) samples, and immediately outputs an initial sensitivity adjustment of level 4. If the start-up and shutdown of the workshop's air conditioning system causes a change in the local temperature distribution, the processing unit will retrieve the temperature distribution data of the previous 30 minutes (25±0.5℃) and compare it with the current distribution (27±1.2℃) to calculate a relative change value of 2℃. When the preset change threshold is 1.5℃, since 2℃≥1.5℃, the system determines that correction is needed and starts compensation calculation: first, the difference is obtained as 0.5℃, and then it is converted into a deviation of 0.33 through linear mapping (assuming the mapping range is 0-1). If the first preset deviation value is 0.2 and the second preset deviation value is 0.4, the deviation falls within the 0.2-0.4 range, therefore a compensation coefficient C2 (e.g., 1.3) is selected. Finally, using 4 levels × 1.3, the corrected preset sensitivity adjustment is 5.2 levels. Based on this, the system drives the miniature capacitor array of the sensing unit to adjust the input impedance to adapt to the current strong electromagnetic environment and temperature fluctuations, ensuring stable acquisition of sensor data. For example, in an outdoor power line inspection scenario, when the detected electromagnetic field strength around a substation is 300μT, the model outputs an initial sensitivity adjustment of level 2. If continuous monitoring reveals that the ambient temperature rises from 20℃ to 21℃ (a relative change of 1℃), and the preset threshold is 2℃, with all changes below the threshold, the system determines that no correction is needed and directly adopts the level 2 adjustment. When a sudden thunderstorm causes the temperature to drop sharply from 21°C to 15°C within 10 minutes (a relative change of 6°C), far exceeding the threshold, the calculated difference of 4°C is mapped to a deviation of 0.8 (higher than the second preset deviation value of 0.4). At this time, the maximum compensation coefficient C3 (e.g., 1.8) is activated, and the level is adjusted from 2 to 3.6. By enhancing the sensitivity of the sensing unit, the combined effects of low temperature environment and strong electromagnetic interference are offset, ensuring that the inspection equipment accurately captures power signals.

[0069] The above scenarios are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0070] Specifically, when the analysis and processing unit optimizes the signal transmission path of the environmental adaptation module based on the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module, the following steps are included: the analysis and processing unit is further configured to obtain the signal transmission range adjustment ratio of the environmental adaptation module, and determine the optimized signal transmission range based on the relationship between the current signal transmission state and the signal transmission range adjustment ratio; the analysis and processing unit is further configured to obtain the average signal quality within the signal transmission range; the analysis and processing unit is further configured to obtain the difference between the average signal quality and the preset signal quality target value, and determine the final signal transmission path based on the relationship between the difference and the preset difference value: when the difference is lower than or equal to the preset difference value, the analysis and processing unit determines the current signal transmission path as the final signal transmission path; when the difference is higher than the preset difference value, the analysis and processing unit determines a correction factor based on the relationship between the difference and the preset difference value, and determines the signal transmission path adjusted according to the correction factor as the final signal transmission path.

[0071] Specifically, when the analysis and processing module determines the correction factor based on the relationship between the difference value and a preset difference value, it includes: the analysis and processing unit is further configured to obtain the ratio between the difference value and the preset difference value, and determine the adjustment range of the correction factor based on the relationship between the ratio and a first preset ratio and a second preset ratio: when the ratio is lower than the first preset ratio, the analysis and processing unit determines the adjustment range of the correction factor to be M1; when the ratio is higher than or equal to the first preset ratio and lower than the second preset ratio, the analysis and processing unit determines the adjustment range of the correction factor to be M2; when the ratio is higher than or equal to the second preset ratio, the analysis and processing unit determines the adjustment range of the correction factor to be M3; wherein, the first preset ratio is less than the second preset ratio, and M1 < M2 < M3.

[0072] Understandably, the analysis and processing unit first establishes a mapping relationship between the preset sensitivity adjustment and the signal transmission range. Specifically, the system obtains the signal transmission range adjustment ratio of the environmental adaptation module (e.g., 0.8-1.2 times the reference range). This ratio is positively correlated with the sensitivity adjustment—the higher the sensitivity, the smaller the transmission range may be to avoid signal overload or interference, and vice versa. Next, the processing unit calculates the optimized signal transmission range by real-time monitoring of the current signal transmission status (e.g., transmission bandwidth, bit error rate, etc.) and combining it with the adjustment ratio. For example, when the preset sensitivity adjustment is level 5, if the adjustment ratio is 0.9, the transmission range shrinks to 90% of the reference value to focus on signal quality control under high sensitivity. The principle behind this step is that there is a dynamic balance between sensitivity and transmission range. The effective transmission area needs to be redefined according to actual adjustment requirements to avoid signal distortion due to inappropriate range. Secondly, after determining the transmission range, the analysis and processing unit collects the average signal quality within that range (such as the signal-to-noise ratio and the average signal strength) and compares it with a preset signal quality target value (such as an industry standard signal-to-noise ratio ≥20dB), calculating the difference between the two. This difference reflects the deviation between the actual performance of the current transmission path and the target. For example, if the target value is 25dB and the current average value is 22dB, the difference is -3dB. The processing unit further compares the difference with a preset difference value (such as ±2dB): if the difference is within the allowable range (≤ preset difference value), it means the current path meets the requirements and is directly used; if the difference exceeds the range, the path correction mechanism is activated. The technical logic of this step is to evaluate transmission quality through quantitative indicators, establish clear path optimization trigger conditions, and avoid blind adjustments. Finally, the degree of difference is converted into a quantifiable correction intensity, and graded processing is used to avoid over-adjustment caused by small deviations, while strong intervention measures are taken for serious deviations. For example, when the ratio is 1.5, a moderate correction of M2 can balance adjustment efficiency and system stability, preventing transmission interruption due to large adjustments.

[0073] Specifically, when the analysis and processing unit optimizes the overall performance of the detector based on the final signal transmission path, it includes: the analysis and processing unit is also configured to obtain the synergy ratio between the environmental adaptation module and the dynamic adjustment module; the analysis and processing unit is also configured to determine the overall performance optimization scheme of the detector based on the final signal transmission path and the synergy ratio.

[0074] Understandably, the analysis and processing unit establishes a correlation mechanism between the environmental adaptation module and the dynamic adjustment module by obtaining the synergy ratio between the two modules. This ratio is not a fixed value but is dynamically adjusted according to real-time changes in the detector's operating environment. For example, in environments with strong electromagnetic interference, the electromagnetic shielding and sensitivity control components of the dynamic adjustment module become more effective, increasing the weight of the dynamic adjustment module in the synergy ratio. Conversely, in environments with significant temperature and humidity fluctuations, the data acquisition unit of the environmental adaptation module enhances its monitoring and feedback capabilities for temperature and humidity, leading to a corresponding increase in its weight. By quantifying the synergy ratio, the processing unit can clearly define the contribution of the two modules to the detector's performance under different operating conditions, providing a basis for subsequent optimization. Next, based on the determined final signal transmission path, the analysis and processing unit conducts an in-depth analysis of its characteristics. The final signal transmission path is the result of multiple rounds of corrections, including transmission range adjustment and signal quality optimization, and includes key parameters such as transmission frequency, bandwidth, and loss rate. For example, if the final path uses high-frequency transmission to avoid interference, the processing unit will evaluate the signal attenuation characteristics and anti-interference capabilities of that frequency band. If the path adjustment involves replacing transmission cables, the impedance matching and shielding effect of the new cables need to be considered. These path characteristic parameters are directly related to the detector's signal reception, processing, and output efficiency, and are important reference indicators for performance optimization. Finally, the analysis and processing unit integrates the synergistic effect ratio with the characteristics of the final signal transmission path to generate an overall performance optimization scheme for the detector. The integration process uses a weighted analysis and strategy matching method: on the one hand, the optimization strategies of the environmental adaptation module and the dynamic adjustment module are weighted according to the synergistic effect ratio. For example, if the dynamic adjustment module accounts for 60% of the weight, optimization measures are prioritized for the sensitivity control components and frequency compensation components of this module; on the other hand, the hardware configuration or software algorithm of the detector is adjusted in a targeted manner based on the characteristics of the final signal transmission path. For example, in a high-frequency transmission path, the compensation intensity of the frequency compensation component in the dynamic adjustment module may be increased, or the signal acquisition frequency of the environmental adaptation module may be optimized to match the transmission rhythm. By using this multi-dimensional information fusion approach, we can ensure that the optimization scheme can fully leverage the synergistic advantages of the two modules and maximize the overall performance of the detector.

[0075] In the above embodiments, by dynamically adjusting the input impedance of the sensing unit in real time, the impedance mismatch problem that easily occurs in complex electromagnetic fields in traditional fixed impedance designs can be effectively overcome. This significantly improves the accuracy and signal fidelity of the measurement, ensuring that the detector can capture real, distortion-free pulse electric field waveforms even in harsh environments with strong interference or rapidly changing spectral characteristics. Secondly, the environmental adaptation module greatly enhances the detector's scene adaptability and application flexibility by intelligently optimizing the signal transmission path. It can automatically select the optimal signal transmission and processing strategy according to the specific needs of different test scenarios (such as near-field and far-field measurements, different polarization directions, and complex environments with multiple reflectors), thereby suppressing noise interference, improving the signal-to-noise ratio, and expanding the effective working range of the detector. Finally, these two modules work together to form an intelligent adaptive measurement system. This solution fundamentally changes the passive and fixed working mode of traditional detectors, enabling them to actively sense changes in the electromagnetic environment and test requirements and make real-time optimizations. Ultimately, it comprehensively improves the reliability, stability, and measurement accuracy of pulse electric field measurements in complex modern electromagnetic environments, and has high engineering application value.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program goods. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program goods embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0077] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program goods according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0078] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0079] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detector for pulsed electric field measurement, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a sensing unit, a signal transmission unit, a dynamic adjustment module, and an environmental adaptation module. The dynamic adjustment module is configured to adjust the input impedance value of the sensing unit in real time according to changes in the electromagnetic environment; The environmental adaptation module is connected to the sensing unit, the signal transmission unit, and the dynamic adjustment module, respectively. The environmental adaptation module is configured to optimize the signal transmission path according to the requirements of the test scenario. The dynamic adjustment module includes: A sensitivity control component is configured on the periphery of the sensing unit. The sensitivity control component achieves dynamic adjustment of the input impedance of the sensing unit through an embedded micro capacitor array. The frequency compensation component is embedded inside the signal transmission unit. The frequency compensation component achieves attenuation compensation for high-frequency signals through a tunable filter circuit. The electromagnetic shielding assembly is configured to monitor the intensity of external electromagnetic interference and dynamically adjust the thickness of the shielding layer; The environmental adaptation module includes: The data acquisition unit is connected to the sensitivity control component, frequency compensation component, and electromagnetic shielding component, respectively. The data acquisition unit acquires information on external electromagnetic field intensity, temperature, and humidity through integrated micro sensors. The analysis and processing unit is connected to the sensing unit, the signal transmission unit, and the data acquisition unit respectively. The analysis and processing unit determines the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module through the built-in algorithm, and optimizes the signal transmission path of the environmental adaptation module according to the adjustment amount. The execution unit is connected to the analysis and processing unit and the dynamic adjustment module respectively. The execution unit adjusts the state of the sensing unit and the signal transmission unit through the drive mechanism. When the analysis and processing unit determines the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module based on external electromagnetic environment information, it includes: The analysis and processing unit is also configured to substitute external electromagnetic field strength information into a pre-established sensitivity matching model to determine the initial sensitivity adjustment amount; The analysis and processing unit is also configured to obtain the relative change value between the current temperature distribution and the temperature distribution of adjacent historical time periods, and to determine the compensation coefficient based on the relative change value; The analysis and processing unit is also configured to correct the initial sensitivity adjustment amount according to the compensation coefficient, and to determine the corrected adjustment amount as the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module.

2. The detector for pulsed electric field measurement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the analysis and processing unit pre-establishes a sensitivity matching model, it includes: The analysis and processing unit is also configured to collect experimental datasets of several electromagnetic field strength samples and corresponding target sensitivity samples. The analysis and processing unit is also configured to take electromagnetic field intensity samples from the experimental dataset as input, take the corresponding target sensitivity samples as reference benchmarks, and train the physical response model. The analysis and processing unit is also configured to build a sensitivity matching model based on the training results.

3. The detector for pulsed electric field measurement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the analysis and processing unit obtains the relative change value between the current temperature distribution and the temperature distribution of adjacent historical time periods, and determines the compensation coefficient based on the relative change value, it includes: The analysis and processing unit is also configured to compare the relationship between each relative change value and a preset change threshold, determine whether the initial sensitivity adjustment amount needs to be corrected, and calculate the compensation coefficient when correction is required. When all relative change values ​​are lower than the preset change threshold, the analysis and processing unit determines not to correct the initial sensitivity adjustment amount. When any relative change value is higher than or equal to the preset change threshold, the analysis and processing unit determines to correct the initial sensitivity adjustment amount and determines the compensation coefficient based on the relationship between each relative change value and the preset change threshold.

4. The detector for pulsed electric field measurement as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the analysis and processing unit determines the compensation coefficient based on the relationship between each relative change value and a preset change threshold, it includes: The analysis and processing unit is also configured to obtain the difference between each relative change value and a preset change threshold; The analysis and processing unit is also configured to process each difference based on a linear mapping, and to obtain the degree of deviation between each relative change value and a preset change threshold based on each difference value after mapping processing. The analysis and processing unit is also configured to determine a compensation coefficient based on the relationship between the degree of deviation and a first preset deviation value and a second preset deviation value. When the deviation is lower than the first preset deviation value, the analysis and processing unit determines the compensation coefficient C1; When the deviation is higher than or equal to the first preset deviation value and lower than the second preset deviation value, the analysis and processing unit determines the compensation coefficient C2. When the deviation is higher than or equal to the second preset deviation value, the analysis and processing unit determines the compensation coefficient C3; Among them, the first preset deviation value is less than the second preset deviation value, and 1 < C1 < C2 < C3.

5. The detector for pulsed electric field measurement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the analysis and processing unit optimizes the signal transmission path of the environmental adaptation module based on the preset sensitivity adjustment amount of the dynamic adjustment module, it includes: The analysis and processing unit is also configured to obtain the signal transmission range adjustment ratio of the environmental adaptation module, and determine the optimized signal transmission range based on the relationship between the current signal transmission status and the signal transmission range adjustment ratio. The analysis and processing unit is also configured to acquire the average signal quality within the signal transmission range; The analysis and processing unit is also configured to acquire the difference between the average signal quality value and a preset signal quality target value, and to determine the final signal transmission path based on the relationship between the difference value and the preset difference value. When the difference value is lower than or equal to the preset difference value, the analysis and processing unit determines the current signal transmission path as the final signal transmission path. When the difference value is higher than the preset difference value, the analysis and processing unit determines the correction factor based on the relationship between the difference value and the preset difference value, and determines the signal transmission path adjusted according to the correction factor as the final signal transmission path.

6. The detector for pulsed electric field measurement as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the analysis and processing unit determines the correction factor based on the relationship between the difference value and the preset difference value, it includes: The analysis and processing unit is also configured to obtain the ratio between the difference value and a preset difference value, and to determine the adjustment range of the correction factor based on the relationship between the ratio and a first preset ratio and a second preset ratio. When the ratio is lower than the first preset ratio, the analysis and processing unit determines the adjustment range of the correction factor to be M1; When the ratio is higher than or equal to the first preset ratio and lower than the second preset ratio, the analysis and processing unit determines the adjustment range of the correction factor to be M2. When the ratio is higher than or equal to the second preset ratio, the analysis and processing unit determines the adjustment range of the correction factor to be M3; Among them, the first preset ratio is less than the second preset ratio, and M1 < M2 < M3.

7. The detector for pulsed electric field measurement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the analysis and processing unit optimizes the overall performance of the detector based on the final signal transmission path, it includes: The analysis and processing unit is also configured to obtain the synergistic ratio between the environmental adaptation module and the dynamic adjustment module; The analysis and processing unit is also configured to determine the overall performance optimization scheme of the detector based on the final signal transmission path and the proportion of synergistic effect.

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