Marine Two-Stage Organic Rankine Cycle Power Generation Method and Device

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and apparatus for generating electricity using a two-stage organic Rankine cycle on a ship. By acquiring the two-stage working fluid cycle status and expander operating data, it performs interstage heat transfer matching detection to lock the energy efficiency conversion deviation between the high-temperature and low-temperature stages, and constructs an interstage temperature correction coefficient based on the energy efficiency conversion deviation. It identifies phase change dominance characteristics to establish a unified cycle identifier code, and uses the interstage temperature correction coefficient to perform coupled regulation to generate a comprehensive cycle marker. It identifies power disturbance precursors and locks the intervention trigger time. According to the intervention trigger time, it implements layered execution of the comprehensive cycle marker to generate two-stage coordinated operation commands, monitors the two-stage output power fluctuations during command execution to establish a power coordination trajectory, and forms a power generation performance score through gradient correlation analysis. It collects the two-stage operating parameter offsets, locks the ideal cycle rhythm based on the operating parameter offsets and power generation performance score, and constructs a continuous power generation sequence through layered control, thereby improving the ship's waste heat utilization efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship waste heat recovery and utilization, in particular to a ship two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged by the main engine of a ship contains a large amount of heat energy. By means of the organic Rankine cycle technology, this part of waste heat can be converted into electric energy, thereby reducing the fuel consumption of the ship and reducing the emission of greenhouse gases. The two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation device further improves the waste heat recovery efficiency through the cascade utilization of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage. However, during the navigation of the ship, the load of the main engine changes frequently, and the temperature and flow of the waste heat source fluctuate continuously, which poses a challenge to the stable operation of the two-stage cycle.

[0003] In the operation of the two-stage cycle, the heat released by the high-temperature stage needs to be effectively absorbed by the low-temperature stage, and the temperature matching between the two stages directly affects the energy transfer efficiency. The existing control method is difficult to accurately capture the temperature mismatch state and cannot timely identify the energy transfer abnormalities between the two stages. At the same time, the existing method lacks a unified description system for the cycle operation state, making it difficult to make precise adjustments for specific operating conditions. In addition, the existing method mainly relies on power threshold alarms or historical data comparisons, lacks in-depth analysis of the energy flow characteristics within the cycle, and cannot extract early warning information from changes in energy transmission paths, resulting in control intervention always lagging behind actual needs. The traditional method often uses fixed control periods and unified adjustment strategies, ignoring the differences in response speed and adjustment rhythm between the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage, leading to mutual interference between the two stages and periodic fluctuations in power output. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a ship two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation method and device, which solves the problems of temperature mismatch, power fluctuation and insufficient continuous power generation capacity of the two-stage cycle under variable operating conditions through inter-stage heat transfer potential distribution analysis and temperature correction, unified cycle state identification and power disturbance precursor identification, power response process characterization and cycle operation rhythm optimization, etc. technical means, improve the energy utilization efficiency and power generation stability of the two-stage cycle.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application proposes a ship two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain the two-stage working fluid cycle state and the expander operation data, perform inter-stage heat transfer matching detection on the two-stage working fluid cycle state, lock the energy efficiency conversion deviation of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage, and construct the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient according to the energy efficiency conversion deviation;

[0007] Perform phase state transition distribution identification on the two-stage working medium cycle state to extract a phase change dominant feature, identify a power available window from the expander operation data and locate a regulation section thereof, project the phase change dominant feature to the regulation section to form a cycle control index, and rely on the cycle control index to screen and adapt working medium flow to establish a unified cycle identification code;

[0008] Perform coupled adjustment on the unified cycle identification code by means of the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient to generate a comprehensive cycle marker, identify a power disturbance precursor based on a synergistic correlation coefficient of the two-stage working medium cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient, and rely on the power disturbance precursor to lock an intervention trigger time of the comprehensive cycle marker;

[0009] Implement hierarchical execution of the comprehensive cycle marker according to the intervention trigger time to generate a two-stage synergistic operation instruction, monitor two-stage output power fluctuation in the execution process of the two-stage synergistic operation instruction to establish a power synergistic trajectory, and form a power generation performance score by performing gradient correlation analysis on the power synergistic trajectory;

[0010] Collect a two-stage operation parameter offset after the two-stage synergistic operation instruction is completed, lock an ideal cycle rhythm based on the two-stage operation parameter offset and the power generation performance score, and use the ideal cycle rhythm to form a continuous power generation sequence through hierarchical control.

[0011] The second aspect of the present application proposes a ship two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation device, comprising:

[0012] A data acquisition module is configured to acquire a two-stage working medium cycle state and expander operation data, perform inter-stage heat transfer matching detection on the two-stage working medium cycle state to lock an energy efficiency conversion deviation of a high-temperature stage and a low-temperature stage, and construct an inter-stage temperature correction coefficient according to the energy efficiency conversion deviation;

[0013] An encoding establishment module is configured to perform phase state transition distribution identification on the two-stage working medium cycle state to extract a phase change dominant feature, identify a power available window from the expander operation data and locate a regulation section thereof, project the phase change dominant feature to the regulation section to form a cycle control index, and rely on the cycle control index to screen and adapt working medium flow to establish a unified cycle identification code;

[0014] A regulation locking module is configured to perform coupled adjustment on the unified cycle identification code by means of the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient to generate a comprehensive cycle marker, identify a power disturbance precursor based on a synergistic correlation coefficient of the two-stage working medium cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient, and rely on the power disturbance precursor to lock an intervention trigger time of the comprehensive cycle marker;

[0015] The performance evaluation module is configured to implement hierarchical execution of the comprehensive cycle marker according to the intervention trigger time, generate a two-stage collaborative operation instruction, monitor two-stage output power fluctuation in the execution of the two-stage collaborative operation instruction, establish a power collaboration trajectory, and form a power generation performance score by performing gradient correlation analysis on the power collaboration trajectory.

[0016] The sequence configuration module is configured to collect a two-stage operation parameter offset after the two-stage collaborative operation instruction is completed, lock an ideal cycle rhythm based on the two-stage operation parameter offset and the power generation performance score, and configure a continuous power generation sequence by using the ideal cycle rhythm through hierarchical control.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are embodied in the following points: 1. By extracting the heat transfer potential distribution of each stage from the two-stage working medium cycle state, identifying the reverse heat transfer path, generating the reverse feeding heat factor to quantify the contribution of reverse heat transfer to the energy input of the low-temperature stage, and constructing the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient according to the energy efficiency deviation amplitude. Identify the phase change dominant feature to establish a unified cycle identification code, and generate a comprehensive cycle marker by coupling and adjusting the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient, and establish a complete cycle state description system. 2. Based on the collaborative correlation coefficient of the two-stage working medium cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient, identify the energy concentration area by tracing the working medium flow, construct the power transmission network and identify the power fluctuation intensive transmission section, and reconstruct it as a capacity gain path and construct a multi-path output architecture. Perform topology reconfiguration on the multi-path output architecture to identify the power disturbance precursor, and lock the intervention trigger time based on the power disturbance precursor, so that the control intervention can be started at the best time. 3. By monitoring the two-stage output power fluctuation in the execution of the two-stage collaborative operation instruction, a power change rate sequence is formed and the fast response section and the steady state maintenance section are identified, a response capability anchor point is constructed and a power collaboration trajectory is formed, and a response sensitive band is identified according to the power collaboration trajectory and converted into a performance gain area. Based on the coverage of the performance gain area, a power generation performance score is generated. Lock the ideal cycle rhythm based on the two-stage operation parameter offset and the power generation performance score, form an interleaved start mode by time sequence displacement configuration, and configure a continuous power generation sequence to realize continuous and stable power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings herein show specific examples of the technical solutions described in the present application, and constitute part of the specification together with the specific embodiments, for explaining the technical solutions, principles and effects of the present application.

[0019] Unless specifically stated or otherwise, the same reference signs in different drawings represent the same or similar technical features, and different reference signs may also be used to represent the same or similar technical features.

[0020] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the ship two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation method of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a ship two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation device of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as particular architectures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known methods, devices, circuits, and

[0023] It is to be understood that the terminology "including", "comprising", "consisting" and "consisting essentially of" used in the specification and the appended claims, indicates the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0024] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" or "in a various embodiment" or "in some embodiments" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment, unless otherwise specified. The terms "including", "comprising", "consisting essentially of" and "consisting of" are used interchangeably, unless otherwise specified.

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are introduced as follows.

[0026] As shown in Figure 1 The ship two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation method provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps S110-S150:

[0027] In step S110, the two-stage working fluid cycle state and the expander operation data are acquired, the inter-stage heat transfer matching detection is performed on the two-stage working fluid cycle state, the energy efficiency conversion deviation of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage is locked, and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient is constructed according to the energy efficiency conversion deviation.

[0028] Specifically, the dual-stage working fluid cycle state and the expander operation data are acquired. In the marine organic Rankine cycle power generation device, temperature sensors, pressure sensors and flow sensors are deployed to collect the cycle state information of the working fluid in the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage. The dual-stage working fluid cycle state includes the evaporation temperature, the evaporation pressure, the condensation temperature and the condensation pressure of the working fluid in the high-temperature stage, and the evaporation temperature, the evaporation pressure, the condensation temperature and the condensation pressure of the working fluid in the low-temperature stage. The mass flow rates of the working fluid in the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage are collected, and the working fluid mass flow rate is measured in real time by a turbine flowmeter. The enthalpy values of the working fluid at the inlet and outlet of the evaporator are measured, and the enthalpy values are obtained by querying the working fluid property table through the temperature and pressure data. The dual-stage working fluid cycle state also includes the heat transfer amount of the inter-stage heat exchanger and the inlet and outlet temperatures of the cooling medium, which reflect the energy transfer characteristics between the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage. The expander operation data includes the rotational speed, the output power and the isentropic efficiency of the high-temperature stage expander, and the rotational speed, the output power and the isentropic efficiency of the low-temperature stage expander. The rotational speed of the expander is measured by a Hall sensor, the output power is determined by a torque sensor and the rotational speed, and the isentropic efficiency is determined by the ratio of the actual enthalpy drop to the theoretical isentropic enthalpy drop.

[0029] In some embodiments, the performing the inter-stage heat transfer matching detection on the dual-stage working fluid cycle state to lock the energy efficiency conversion deviation of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage comprises: extracting the stage heat transfer potential energy distribution from the dual-stage working fluid cycle state.

[0030] The stage heat transfer potential energy distribution is extracted from the dual-stage working fluid cycle state. Based on the temperature data and the pressure data in the dual-stage working fluid cycle state, the heat transfer potential energy of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage in each link of the evaporator, the expander and the condenser is determined. The heat transfer potential energy of the high-temperature stage is represented by the product of the temperature difference and the mass flow rate, reflecting the size of the available heat energy of each heat transfer link of the high-temperature stage. The heat transfer potential energy of the high-temperature stage evaporator and the heat transfer potential energy of the high-temperature stage condenser are determined respectively by using the evaporation temperature, the condensation temperature and the working fluid flow rate in the dual-stage working fluid cycle state. The heat transfer potential energy of the low-temperature stage is determined in the same way as the high-temperature stage, and the heat transfer potential energy of the low-temperature stage evaporator and the heat transfer potential energy of the low-temperature stage condenser are determined respectively by using the temperature and flow information of the low-temperature stage in the dual-stage working fluid cycle state. The stage heat transfer potential energy distribution describes the distribution of heat energy in each heat transfer link of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage. When the heat transfer potential energy of the high-temperature stage evaporator is significantly higher than that of other links, it indicates that the heat source heat is sufficient but there may be an inter-stage heat transfer bottleneck. Arranging the stage heat transfer potential energy distribution according to the energy flow direction reflects the complete path of energy transfer from the heat source to the low-temperature stage through the high-temperature stage.

[0031] An anti-feed heat factor is generated to identify the reverse heat transfer path in the heat potential distribution of each stage. The direction characteristics of energy flow in the heat potential distribution of each stage are analyzed to identify the abnormal heat transfer path deviating from the positive energy gradient transfer. In the ideal two-stage cycle, energy should be transferred unidirectionally from the high-temperature stage to the low-temperature stage, and the heat released by the high-temperature stage condenser is completely absorbed by the low-temperature stage evaporator. The heat potential matching relationship between the high-temperature stage condenser and the low-temperature stage evaporator in the heat potential distribution of each stage is checked. When the condensing temperature of the high-temperature stage is lower than the design value or the evaporation temperature of the low-temperature stage is higher than the design value, the inter-stage temperature difference decreases or even appears temperature inversion, resulting in part of the heat being transferred reversely from the low-temperature stage to the high-temperature stage, forming a reverse heat transfer path. When the heat potential distribution of each stage shows that the inter-stage temperature difference decreases or temperature inversion occurs, it is identified as a reverse heat transfer path. The anti-feed heat factor characterizes the contribution degree of reverse heat transfer to the energy input of the low-temperature stage, and the factor is determined based on the deviation degree of the inter-stage heat potential in the heat potential distribution of each stage. When the ship is running under variable conditions and the reverse heat transfer path is significant, the low-temperature stage will absorb additional energy exceeding the theoretical value, and this additional absorption is quantitatively described by the anti-feed heat factor.

[0032] The anti-feed heat factor is used to quantify the energy efficiency deviation of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage to generate an energy efficiency deviation amplitude. Based on the anti-feed heat factor and the expansion machine operation data, the deviation of the actual energy efficiency and the theoretical energy efficiency of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage is obtained. The actual output power and the isentropic efficiency in the expansion machine operation data are used to determine the theoretical output power of the high-temperature stage combined with the heat potential of the high-temperature stage. The energy efficiency deviation of the high-temperature stage reflects the degree of deviation of the actual output power of the high-temperature stage from the theoretical value. When the actual output power is significantly lower than the theoretical value according to the expansion machine operation data, it indicates that there is an energy efficiency loss in the high-temperature stage. For the low-temperature stage, the influence of the anti-feed heat factor needs to be considered when determining the theoretical output power, and the factor corrects the influence of the reverse heat transfer path on the energy input of the low-temperature stage. By comparing the actual output power of the low-temperature stage in the expansion machine operation data with the corrected theoretical output power, the energy efficiency deviation of the low-temperature stage is obtained. The energy efficiency deviation amplitude characterizes the degree of deviation of the overall energy efficiency of the two-stage cycle from the ideal state, and the amplitude integrates the absolute values of the energy efficiency deviations of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage. When the anti-feed heat factor is large and the energy efficiency deviation amplitude increases, it indicates that the reverse heat transfer path leads to significant energy efficiency loss, and the total output power of the two-stage cycle will be lower than the theoretical value, which needs to be reduced by optimizing the inter-stage temperature. The increase of the energy efficiency deviation amplitude is often accompanied by the decrease of the inter-stage temperature difference, and by monitoring the trend of the energy efficiency deviation amplitude, it can be judged whether the inter-stage heat transfer matching state is deteriorating.

[0033] The energy efficiency conversion deviation is determined according to the energy efficiency deviation amplitude. The ratio of the energy efficiency deviation amplitude to the total theoretical output power of the double-stage cycle is defined as the energy efficiency conversion deviation, which is determined by the formula η deviation = ΔW total / W total theoretical, wherein ΔW total is the energy efficiency deviation amplitude, and W total theoretical is the total theoretical output power of the double-stage cycle. The energy efficiency conversion deviation reflects the percentage of the energy efficiency loss of the double-stage cycle in the theoretical output. The deviation normalizes the energy efficiency deviation amplitude, making it a unified index for evaluating the rationality of the inter-stage heat transfer matching. The advantage of the normalization is that it eliminates the dimensional differences between different power level ships, making the energy efficiency loss degree of different ships comparable. As a dimensionless index, the numerical size of the energy efficiency conversion deviation directly reflects the severity of the deviation from the ideal state, which is convenient for establishing a unified judgment standard. The size of the energy efficiency conversion deviation is analyzed to judge the rationality of the inter-stage heat transfer matching. The larger the energy efficiency conversion deviation, the more serious the deviation from the ideal state of the inter-stage heat transfer matching, and the temperature correction between stages is needed. The trend of the energy efficiency conversion deviation can predict the deterioration direction of the inter-stage heat transfer matching state. When the deviation shows a continuous upward trend, it indicates that the inter-stage temperature difference is gradually decreasing, and the influence of the reverse heat transfer path is continuously increasing. There is an obvious negative correlation between the energy efficiency conversion deviation and the inter-stage temperature difference. The increase of the deviation often corresponds to the decrease of the inter-stage temperature difference. This correlation provides a quantitative basis for temperature correction.

[0034] Interstage temperature correction coefficients are constructed based on energy efficiency conversion deviations. A correction relationship for interstage temperatures is established based on energy efficiency conversion deviations and feedback heat transfer factors. The interstage temperature correction coefficients include correction coefficients for the high-temperature stage condensing temperature and the low-temperature stage evaporating temperature; these two coefficients work synergistically to optimize the interstage temperature difference. When the energy efficiency conversion deviation exceeds a set threshold and the feedback heat transfer factor is positive, it indicates that the interstage temperature difference is too small, leading to heat transfer mismatch, and the interstage temperature difference needs to be increased through the interstage temperature correction coefficients. The high-temperature stage condensing temperature correction coefficient α_H is determined by the formula α_H = -k_H × F_feedback × η_deviation, where k_H is the high-temperature stage temperature adjustment coefficient, ranging from 0.5 to 1.0, F_feedback is the feedback heat transfer factor, and η_deviation is the energy efficiency conversion deviation. A negative correction coefficient indicates that the high-temperature stage condensing temperature needs to be reduced to enhance the energy release capacity of the high-temperature stage. The low-temperature stage evaporation temperature correction factor α_L is determined by the formula α_L = k_L × F_feedback × η_deviation, where k_L is the low-temperature stage temperature adjustment coefficient, ranging from 0.3 to 0.8. A positive correction factor indicates that the low-temperature stage evaporation temperature needs to be lowered to reduce reverse heat transfer. After applying the interstage temperature correction factor, the corrected high-temperature stage condensing temperature and low-temperature stage evaporation temperature optimize the interstage temperature difference, reduce interstage heat transfer resistance, and improve energy efficiency conversion characteristics. When the energy efficiency conversion deviation is large and the feedback heat transfer factor is significant, the interstage temperature correction factor can optimize the interstage temperature difference from its original small value to a more reasonable range, thereby eliminating the influence of the reverse heat transfer path. The interstage temperature correction factor ensures that the heat released by the high-temperature stage condenser and the heat absorbed by the low-temperature stage evaporator achieve optimal matching, avoiding energy loss during interstage transfer.

[0035] Step S120: Perform phase transition distribution identification and extract phase transition dominant features for the two-stage working fluid circulation state, identify the available power window from the expander operation data and locate its control section, project the phase transition dominant features to the control section to form circulation control index, and establish a unified circulation identification code based on the circulation control index to select suitable working fluid flow rate.

[0036] Specifically, the phase transition distribution identification is performed on the two-stage working fluid cycle state to extract the phase change dominant feature. The temperature and pressure data contained in the two-stage working fluid cycle state reflect the phase transition process of the working fluid in the evaporator and the condenser. The phase transition refers to the process of the working fluid changing from liquid to gas or from gas to liquid. In the evaporator, the working fluid absorbs heat and changes from liquid to gas, and in the condenser, the working fluid releases heat and changes from gas to liquid. The energy change amplitude of each phase change link in the two-stage working fluid cycle state is identified to determine the starting point, ending point and energy release rate of the phase change process. The energy absorption rate of the high-temperature stage working fluid in the evaporation process is usually higher than that of the low-temperature stage, and the energy release rate of the low-temperature stage working fluid in the condensation process is affected by the condensation heat of the high-temperature stage. By identifying the phase transition distribution of the two-stage working fluid cycle state, a phase change energy distribution curve is constructed, which describes the time distribution and spatial distribution of the energy change of the working fluid in the phase change process of each link in the cycle. The phase change dominant feature refers to the feature parameter with the most significant energy change and the greatest impact on the cycle performance in the phase change energy distribution curve, including the phase change duration, the phase change energy peak value and the phase change rate gradient. When the two-stage working fluid cycle state shows that the energy absorption peak value of the high-temperature stage evaporation process is significantly higher than that of other links, the phase change feature corresponding to the peak value is the phase change dominant feature.

[0037] The power available window and the regulation section are identified and located from the expander operation data. The output power in the expander operation data fluctuates with the change of working fluid flow and evaporation pressure, and the output power of the expander has an adjustable range under different working conditions. The power available window refers to the upper and lower limit range of the output power of the expander that can be adjusted under the condition of ensuring stable operation, and the window is determined by the minimum stable power and the maximum rated power of the expander. By analyzing the time series change of power in the expander operation data, the interval section in which the power fluctuates within the available window is identified. The regulation section refers to the time period or working condition section in which the output power of the expander can be effectively controlled by adjusting the working fluid flow or the evaporation pressure within the power available window. In the expander operation data, when the output power is in the middle range of the available window, the expander is most sensitive to the flow regulation, and the corresponding section is the regulation section. The positioning of the regulation section needs to consider the power fluctuation amplitude, isentropic efficiency change and speed stability in the expander operation data. The adjustable range of the output power of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage is identified from the expander operation data to determine the regulation section of each stage.

[0038] In some embodiments, the projecting the phase change dominant feature to the regulation section forms a cycle control indicator, comprising: identifying a phase change energy release peak section according to the phase change dominant feature; locating a capture window in the regulation section that is time-matched with the phase change energy release peak section; performing time-segmented interception on the phase change energy release peak section through the capture window to generate an energy interception sequence; and forming a cycle control indicator based on the energy interception sequence.

[0039] The phase change energy release peak section is identified according to the phase change dominant feature. The phase change energy peak and phase change rate gradient information contained in the phase change dominant feature can be used to locate the stage of concentrated energy release in the phase change process. The phase change energy release peak section refers to the time section in which the working medium releases the most energy per unit time during condensation, which corresponds to the stage with the highest condenser heat exchange efficiency. In the high-temperature stage condensation process, the working medium cools from superheated steam to saturated steam and then condenses into saturated liquid, and the energy release rate reaches a peak when the saturated steam begins to condense. The judgment standard for identifying the phase change energy release peak section is that the energy release rate significantly exceeds the average level and lasts for a relatively long time. By analyzing the phase change rate gradient in the phase change dominant feature, the change process of the energy release rate from low to high and then from high to low is determined, and the interval with the highest rate is the phase change energy release peak section. When the phase change dominant feature shows that the energy release peak of the high-temperature stage condensation process is obvious, the corresponding peak section usually appears in the stage of rapid decrease in condensation temperature. Accurate identification of the phase change energy release peak section enables subsequent time-matching of this key energy release stage with the power regulation process of the expander, thereby realizing the coordinated optimization of energy release and power output.

[0040] The capture window that is time-matched with the phase change energy release peak section is located in the regulation section. The regulation section covers the time range in which the expander output power is adjustable, and within this range, a sub-section that corresponds to the phase change energy release peak section in time needs to be found. The capture window refers to a time window in the regulation section that matches the time of occurrence and the duration of the phase change energy release peak section. Locating the capture window requires comparing the start time and end time of the phase change energy release peak section to find the corresponding time points in the regulation section. When the phase change energy release peak section appears in the middle stage of the high-temperature stage condensation process, the corresponding time section in which the high-temperature stage expander power output is stable and adjustable needs to be located in the regulation section. The capture window needs to accurately correspond to the energy release peak section in time. Through the time stamp alignment method, the time sequence of the phase change energy release peak section is superimposed with the power time sequence of the regulation section for analysis, and the interval with the highest time overlap degree is identified as the capture window. When the fluctuation characteristics of the expander output power in the regulation section and the energy release curve of the phase change energy release peak section show similar trends, it indicates that there is a physical correlation between them, and the corresponding time section is the optimal capture window.

[0041] The time-segmented interception of the phase change energy release peak segment by the capture window produces an energy interception sequence. The capture window provides a start boundary and an end boundary for the energy interception, and between the two boundaries, the phase change energy release peak segment is segmented according to a fixed time interval or an energy change threshold. The time-segmented interception refers to dividing the phase change energy release peak segment into a plurality of continuous sub-periods, and each sub-period corresponds to a specific energy release amount. The phase change energy release peak segment is segmented according to a fixed time interval, and the energy release amount in each sub-period is recorded respectively. The energy interception sequence is a data sequence arranged in time sequence by the energy release amounts of these sub-periods, and the sequence describes the time distribution characteristics of the energy release in the capture window. Through the time constraint of the capture window, the energy interception sequence only contains the energy data matching the power regulation time, and filters out the part of the phase change energy release peak segment irrelevant to the regulation section. The variation trend of the energy values of each sub-period in the energy interception sequence reflects the dynamic process of the energy release in the power adjustable period. When the energy interception sequence shows that the energy values of the first half of the sub-periods continuously rise and the second half continuously fall, it indicates that the energy release peak appears in the middle position of the capture window.

[0042] The cycle control index is formed based on the energy interception sequence. The energy interception sequence contains the energy release data of multiple sub-periods, and by comprehensively analyzing these data, a control index reflecting the cycle running state is constructed. The cycle control index includes three core parameters: energy release uniformity, peak energy proportion, and energy change rate. The energy release uniformity is determined by the formula σ = std(energy interception sequence) / mean(energy interception sequence), where std represents the standard deviation and mean represents the average value. This index reflects the dispersion degree of energy release in time. When the energy values of each sub-period in the energy interception sequence fluctuate less, the energy release uniformity is higher, indicating that the condensation process is stable. The peak energy proportion is the ratio of the maximum energy value E_max in the energy interception sequence to the sum E_total of the energy values of all sub-periods, E_max / E_total. This ratio reflects the degree of concentrated energy release. The energy change rate is the ratio of the difference ΔE of the energy values of adjacent sub-periods in the energy interception sequence to the time interval Δt, |ΔE / Δt|. This rate reflects the fast or slow change of energy release. The energy release uniformity, peak energy proportion, and energy change rate are combined by weighting to form a comprehensive cycle control index I_control = w1 × σ + w2 × (E_max / E_total) + w3 × |ΔE / Δt|, where w1, w2, and w3 are weight coefficients. The numerical value of the cycle control index reflects the deviation degree of the current cycle state from the ideal control target. When the cycle control index is within the set threshold range, it indicates that the energy release and power regulation are well matched.

[0043] A uniform cycle identification code is established by screening the adaptive working fluid flow based on the cycle control index. The cycle control index reflects the matching degree of energy release and power regulation. When the index deviates from the ideal value, the cycle performance needs to be improved by adjusting the working fluid flow. The process of screening the adaptive working fluid flow is to match the cycle control index with the preset flow regulation strategy, and find the working fluid flow setting value that makes the cycle control index optimal. In the preset flow regulation strategy, the mapping relationship between the cycle control index and the working fluid flow is established, which is trained based on historical operation data and theoretical model. When the cycle control index shows that the energy release uniformity is low, it indicates that the working fluid flow needs to be increased to speed up the condensation speed, so that the energy release is more stable. When the cycle control index shows that the peak energy proportion is too high, it indicates that the energy is released too concentratedly, and the working fluid flow needs to be reduced to prolong the condensation time and disperse the energy release process. The adaptive working fluid flow obtained by screening is the working fluid flow value that makes the two-stage cycle achieve the best energy efficiency under the current cycle control index. The establishment of the uniform cycle identification code is to code the working fluid flow, evaporation temperature, condensation temperature and cycle control index of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage, and form a digital code that uniquely identifies the current cycle state. The uniform cycle identification code adopts the form of multi-digit string, and each digit or every few digits represents a specific cycle parameter. Through the identification code, the running condition and control state of the cycle can be quickly identified.

[0044] In step S130, the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient is used to perform coupling adjustment on the uniform cycle identification code to generate a comprehensive cycle mark, a power disturbance precursor is identified based on the cooperative correlation coefficient of the two-stage working fluid cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient, and the intervention trigger time of the comprehensive cycle mark is locked relying on the power disturbance precursor.

[0045] Specifically, the coupling adjustment of the unified cycle identification code by the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient generates the comprehensive cycle marker. The unified cycle identification code contains the parameter information of the working fluid flow, evaporation temperature, condensation temperature and cycle control index of the current cycle, but does not reflect the adjustment requirement of the inter-stage temperature matching. The inter-stage temperature correction coefficient reflects the temperature adjustment amplitude required for improving the inter-stage heat transfer matching. The coefficient includes the high-temperature stage condensation temperature correction coefficient and the low-temperature stage evaporation temperature correction coefficient. The coupling adjustment refers to embedding the temperature adjustment information in the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient into the unified cycle identification code, so that the identification code not only describes the current cycle state, but also contains the temperature optimization direction. The unified cycle identification code is corrected by the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient to update the evaporation temperature and condensation temperature parameters in the identification code, so as to reflect the target cycle state after temperature optimization. The comprehensive cycle marker is an extended identification that increases the temperature correction dimension on the basis of the unified cycle identification code. The marker not only identifies the running condition of the current cycle, but also identifies the adjustment direction and amplitude of the cycle optimization. When the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient shows that the high-temperature stage condensation temperature needs to be reduced, the temperature adjustment requirement will be reflected in the comprehensive cycle marker to guide the subsequent control execution. The comprehensive cycle marker increases the temperature correction information on the basis of the unified cycle identification code to form a complete cycle state description.

[0046] In some embodiments, the identifying the power disturbance precursor based on the synergic correlation coefficient of the dual-stage working medium cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient comprises: performing working medium flow direction tracing to identify an energy concentration area on the synergic correlation coefficient of the dual-stage working medium cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient; constructing a power transmission network according to the energy concentration area; performing capacity redistribution on the power transmission network to generate a multi-channel output architecture with the energy concentration area as a power distribution node; and performing topological reconfiguration on the multi-channel output architecture to identify the power disturbance precursor.

[0047] The co-correlation coefficient between the two-stage working fluid cycle state and the interstage temperature correction coefficient is used to trace the working fluid flow direction and identify energy concentration areas. The co-correlation coefficient is determined by the formula ρ_co-correlation = cov(two-stage working fluid cycle state, interstage temperature correction coefficient) / (std(two-stage working fluid cycle state) × std(interstage temperature correction coefficient)), where cov represents the covariance and std represents the standard deviation. This coefficient reflects the synchronicity between changes in the cycle state and the temperature correction requirement. When the temperature or pressure in the two-stage working fluid cycle state fluctuates, the interstage temperature correction coefficient will also change accordingly. The co-correlation coefficient quantifies this linkage. A high co-correlation coefficient indicates that the changes in the two-stage working fluid cycle state and the adjustment direction of the interstage temperature correction coefficient are consistent, and the system is in a stable co-correlation state. A low or negative co-correlation coefficient indicates a mismatch between the two-stage working fluid cycle state and the interstage temperature correction coefficient, which may indicate an impending power disturbance. Tracing the working fluid flow direction involves tracing the flow path of the working fluid between the high-temperature and low-temperature stages to identify the energy convergence points in each stage of the cycle. Using mass flow rate and enthalpy data from a two-stage working fluid circulation process, the flow direction of energy carried by the working fluid is determined, following the complete path from the evaporator to the expander and then to the condenser. The energy concentration zone refers to the location in the working fluid flow path where the energy density is highest or the energy change is most dramatic, typically corresponding to a phase change stage or a region of enhanced heat transfer. Identifying the energy concentration zone requires analyzing the energy flux distribution of each stage in the two-stage working fluid circulation process; when the energy flux of a certain stage is significantly higher than that of other stages, that stage is considered the energy concentration zone. In the high-temperature stage evaporator and the low-temperature stage condenser, the working fluid absorbs or releases a large amount of energy in a short period of time; these locations are usually considered energy concentration zones.

[0048] A power transmission network is constructed based on energy concentration zones. These energy concentration zones, as key nodes for energy convergence and dispersion, play a pivotal role in the cyclic energy transmission process. The power transmission network is a network structure with energy concentration zones as core nodes and working fluid flow paths as connecting edges. This network describes the transmission process of energy from the heat source through the high-temperature and low-temperature expanders, ultimately converting it into mechanical work. Constructing the power transmission network requires clarifying the energy transmission direction and amount between each node. The high-temperature evaporator, as an energy input node, transmits energy to the high-temperature expander. The high-temperature expander converts part of the energy into mechanical work output, and the remaining energy is transferred to the low-temperature stage through the condenser. In the power transmission network, energy concentration zones are identified as key nodes with high energy throughput; these nodes significantly affect the overall network's power output capability. When the energy concentration zone is located at the high-temperature evaporator, the energy input capability of this node determines the upper limit of the entire network's power output. The power transmission network includes energy loss paths; during heat transfer and energy conversion, some energy is lost in the form of heat dissipation.

[0049] The capacity re-allocation of the power transmission network with the energy concentration area as the power shunt node generates a multi-path output architecture, including: identifying power fluctuation intensive transmission sections in the power transmission network with the energy concentration area as the power shunt node; performing capacity sensitivity weighting on the power fluctuation intensive transmission sections to generate a path regulation potential coefficient; relying on the path regulation potential coefficient to promote the power fluctuation intensive transmission sections to be reconstructed into capacity gain paths; and constructing a multi-path output architecture based on the capacity gain paths.

[0050] In the power transmission network, a power fluctuation intensive transmission section is identified with the energy concentration area as the power shunt node. The energy concentration area as the power shunt node has the function of receiving energy and distributing to multiple downstream links. In the high-temperature condenser, part of the energy is transmitted to the low-temperature evaporator, and part of the energy is dissipated to the cooling medium. The power shunt node is characterized in that the output power is distributed among different transmission paths, and the distribution ratio fluctuates due to the influence of the working fluid flow and the temperature difference. The power time series of each transmission path in the power transmission network is monitored, and when the power of a certain path fluctuates frequently within a short time, the path is a power fluctuation intensive transmission section. In the power transmission network, the transmission path connecting the energy concentration area and the expander is usually the section with the most significant power fluctuation, because the power output of the expander is very sensitive to the change of the working fluid state. The judgment standard of the power fluctuation intensive transmission section is that the power fluctuation frequency is high or the single fluctuation amplitude is large. When the energy distribution ratio of the energy concentration area changes, the downstream power fluctuation intensive transmission section will immediately respond and appear power rapid fluctuation. After identifying the power fluctuation intensive transmission section in the power transmission network, these transmission sections become the focus of capacity re-allocation. By adjusting the energy distribution strategy of the shunt node, the fluctuation degree of the power fluctuation intensive transmission section can be suppressed.

[0051] The capacity sensitivity weighting is performed on the power fluctuation intensive transmission section to generate a path regulation potential coefficient. When a slight change occurs in the energy distribution ratio of the transmission section, the power output variation range of the transmission section, the higher the capacity sensitivity indicates that the transmission section is easier to realize power stability through adjustment. By fine-tuning the energy distribution ratio of the energy concentration area, the power response change of the power fluctuation intensive transmission section is observed, so as to test the capacity sensitivity. The capacity sensitivity weighting refers to giving different regulation priority weights to the transmission section according to the sensitivity of the power fluctuation intensive transmission section. The path regulation potential coefficient is determined by the formula K_potential=S_sensitivity×(1-P_fluctuation / P_average), wherein S_sensitivity is the capacity sensitivity, P_fluctuation is the power fluctuation range, and P_average is the average power. The coefficient comprehensively reflects the adjustability and adjustment necessity of the transmission section. When the capacity sensitivity of the power fluctuation intensive transmission section is high and the power fluctuation range is large, the path regulation potential coefficient is high, indicating that the transmission section has a large regulation improvement space. In the power transmission network, different power fluctuation intensive transmission sections have different path regulation potential coefficients, and the transmission section with a higher coefficient becomes the priority regulation object. The transmission section with a lower path regulation potential coefficient indicates that the power fluctuation is difficult to improve through energy distribution adjustment, and other control means may be needed.

[0052] The power fluctuation intensive transmission section is reconstructed into a capacity gain path based on the path regulation potential coefficient. The transmission mode and distribution ratio of energy in the power fluctuation intensive transmission section are adjusted to change the transmission section from a power fluctuation state to a power stability gain state. After reconstruction, the transmission section not only eliminates power fluctuation, but also realizes the output power improvement. The capacity gain path has higher energy utilization efficiency and more stable power output characteristics. The specific method of promoting reconstruction includes adjusting the energy distribution ratio of the energy concentration area as the power distribution node, increasing the energy share flowing to the transmission section with a higher path regulation potential coefficient, and reducing the energy share flowing to the transmission section with a lower potential coefficient. When the path regulation potential coefficient shows that a power fluctuation intensive transmission section has high regulation potential, the power output of the section can be improved and the fluctuation can be reduced by increasing the energy input of the section. In the power transmission network, the energy originally distributed to multiple inefficient transmission sections is concentrated in a few capacity gain paths to realize the optimal allocation of energy. The establishment of the capacity gain path enhances the overall output capacity of the power transmission network, and reduces the influence of power fluctuation on system stability.

[0053] A multi-path output architecture is constructed based on capacity gain paths. Multiple capacity gain paths are integrated into a parallel power output system. The multi-path output architecture refers to establishing multiple independent energy transmission and power output paths in a power transmission network, each path having stable output capacity and low power fluctuation characteristics. The capacity gain path is the basic component unit of the multi-path output architecture, and each path is relatively independent but works cooperatively to achieve the total power output of the double-stage cycle. The construction of the multi-path output architecture requires the power output range and operating conditions of each capacity gain path to be determined to ensure that at least one path can stably output power under different working conditions. In the double-stage organic Rankine cycle of a ship, the high-temperature stage expander and the low-temperature stage expander correspond to different capacity gain paths, and the two run in parallel to form a double-path output structure. When the output power of a capacity gain path decreases due to changes in working conditions, other paths can compensate by increasing energy distribution to maintain the stability of the total output power. The multi-path output architecture has stronger anti-disturbance ability than a single transmission path, and when a path is disturbed, it will not cause the collapse of the entire system power output. In the multi-path output architecture, there is an energy allocation mechanism between each capacity gain path, which dynamically adjusts the energy input proportion of each path through the energy concentration area as the allocation center.

[0054] A topology reconfiguration is performed on the multi-path output architecture to identify power disturbance precursors. The power distribution changes and energy flow characteristics between the paths in the multi-path output architecture are monitored. When the power output of some paths in the multi-path output architecture abnormally fluctuates, the connection relationship and energy distribution method between the paths are adjusted to make the architecture adapt to the new operating state. During the operation of the multi-path output architecture, the power output of each capacity gain path will be dynamically adjusted due to changes in the working medium state, and when the power output of a path begins to deviate from the normal range, the system needs to respond through topology reconfiguration. The power disturbance precursor refers to the early warning signal that appears before a large power fluctuation or system instability, which is usually manifested as abnormal changes in the power distribution of the paths in the multi-path output architecture. Identifying power disturbance precursors requires monitoring the variance and covariance changes of the power of each path in the multi-path output architecture. When the variance of the power distribution between the paths suddenly increases, it indicates that the power output of some paths is deviating from the cooperative state. In the multi-path output architecture, if the power proportion of the high-temperature stage path continues to rise and the power proportion of the low-temperature stage path continues to fall, this distribution imbalance is a power disturbance precursor. Through topology reconfiguration, adjustments can be made as soon as the power disturbance precursor appears, such as increasing the energy input of the low-temperature stage path to prevent the power imbalance from worsening further.

[0055] The intervention trigger time is locked according to the power disturbance precursor. The appearance of the power disturbance precursor indicates that the dual-stage cycle system is about to deviate from the ideal operating state, and the control intervention needs to be started to avoid large power fluctuations. The intervention trigger time refers to the selection of the time point between detecting the power disturbance precursor and actually executing the control action. Too early intervention may cause unnecessary control shock, and too late intervention cannot effectively suppress power disturbance. Locking the intervention trigger time needs to consider the strength of the power disturbance precursor and the cycle state reflected by the comprehensive cycle marker. When the power disturbance precursor shows that the disturbance degree is lighter and the comprehensive cycle marker shows that the cycle state is close to the optimization target, the intervention trigger time can be delayed to give the system the opportunity for self-regulation. When the power disturbance precursor shows that the disturbance degree is serious or the continuous deterioration trend is obvious, the intervention should be triggered immediately to stabilize the cycle state by adjusting the working fluid flow or correcting the inter-stage temperature. The comprehensive cycle marker plays a state reference role in the intervention trigger decision. By comparing the current cycle state with the optimization target state described by the comprehensive cycle marker, the urgency and necessity of intervention are judged. After the power disturbance precursor appears, according to the temperature correction dimension information contained in the comprehensive cycle marker, the specific content of the intervention action is determined, whether to adjust the high-temperature stage condensing temperature or to adjust the low-temperature stage evaporation temperature.

[0056] In step S140, the comprehensive cycle marker is implemented in hierarchical execution according to the intervention trigger time to generate dual-stage cooperative operation instructions. The power output power fluctuation in the execution process of the dual-stage cooperative operation instructions is monitored to establish a power cooperation trajectory. A power generation performance score is formed by performing gradient correlation analysis on the power cooperation trajectory.

[0057] Specifically, the hierarchical execution of the comprehensive cycle marker according to the intervention trigger time generates a two-stage collaborative operation instruction. The temperature correction dimension information in the comprehensive cycle marker is read at the intervention trigger time, and the temperature adjustment requirement is converted into a specific flow adjustment amount or a valve opening adjustment amount. The comprehensive cycle marker contains current cycle state information and temperature optimization direction information, and the marker describes the target operating parameters and adjustment requirements of the cycle. Hierarchical execution refers to the conversion of control information in the comprehensive cycle marker into executable control instructions according to two levels of high-temperature level and low-temperature level. The high-temperature level control instruction mainly involves high-temperature level evaporator heat source flow adjustment and high-temperature level condenser cooling medium flow adjustment, and the low-temperature level control instruction mainly involves low-temperature level evaporator working medium flow adjustment and low-temperature level condenser cooling intensity adjustment. The two-stage collaborative operation instruction requires the control actions of the high-temperature level and the low-temperature level to be coordinated with each other. When the high-temperature level condensing temperature decreases, the low-temperature level evaporation temperature also needs to be adjusted accordingly to maintain the matching of the inter-stage temperature difference. The two-stage collaborative operation instruction is sent to the high-temperature level controller and the low-temperature level controller through the control bus, ensuring that the adjustment actions of the two stages are consistent in time. When the power generation device is running, the two-stage collaborative operation instruction needs to consider the energy transmission delay between the high-temperature level and the low-temperature level. The effect caused by the adjustment action of the high-temperature level needs to be transmitted to the low-temperature level after a certain time.

[0058] In some embodiments, the monitoring of the two-stage output power fluctuation during the execution of the two-stage collaborative operation instruction establishes a power collaborative trajectory, including: collecting the two-stage output power fluctuation during the execution of the two-stage collaborative operation instruction to form a power baseline offset; extracting the energy conversion rate from the power baseline offset to form a power change rate sequence; identifying a fast response segment and a steady state maintaining segment according to the power change rate sequence; constructing a response ability anchor point through the fast response segment; and performing response intensity calibration on the steady state maintaining segment to construct a power collaborative trajectory.

[0059] The power baseline offset amount is formed by the fluctuation of the two-stage output power in the two-stage cooperative operation instruction execution process. The output power of the two-stage expander is monitored in real time. Before the two-stage cooperative operation instruction is issued, the two-stage cycle is in a stable operation state, and the output power at this time is taken as the power baseline value, which represents the power output level when no control intervention is implemented. After the two-stage cooperative operation instruction is executed, the output power of the two-stage expander deviates from the power baseline value, and this deviation is the power baseline offset amount. The power baseline offset amount is determined by the difference between the real-time power value and the power baseline value. A positive offset amount indicates that the output power is higher than the baseline level, and a negative offset amount indicates that the output power is lower than the baseline level. At the initial stage of the two-stage cooperative operation instruction execution, the two-stage output power fluctuation is usually more intense, and the absolute value of the power baseline offset amount is larger and changes rapidly. As the two-stage cooperative operation instruction execution progresses, the two-stage output power fluctuation gradually stabilizes, and the change amplitude of the power baseline offset amount decreases. When the ship load fluctuation causes the residual heat to change, the power baseline offset amount will fluctuate several times, reflecting the response process of the two-stage cycle to the working condition change.

[0060] The power change rate sequence is formed by extracting the energy conversion rate from the power baseline offset amount. By differentiating the time sequence of the power baseline offset amount, the difference between the power offset amounts at adjacent times is obtained, and the difference divided by the time interval is the energy conversion rate. The energy conversion rate reflects the change amount of the output power per unit time, and the rate reflects the speed of power regulation. The power change rate sequence is a sequence data formed by arranging the energy conversion rates at different times in chronological order, which describes the dynamic evolution process of the power baseline offset amount. In the power change rate sequence, a positive value indicates that the output power is increasing, a negative value indicates that the output power is decreasing, and a value close to zero indicates that the power is in a relatively stable state. The fluctuation characteristics of the power change rate sequence reflect the time-varying nature of the two-stage cooperative operation instruction execution effect. When a larger positive value appears in the sequence, it indicates that the two-stage cycle is rapidly increasing the power output. Analyzing the power change rate sequence can identify different stages in the power regulation process. High change rate corresponds to fast regulation stage, and low change rate corresponds to stable maintenance stage. When the control action is just issued, the peak value of the power change rate sequence is most obvious, and at this time the two-stage cycle is performing a large amount of power adjustment.

[0061] The fast response section and the steady state holding section are identified according to the power change rate sequence. The judgment standard for identifying the fast response section is that the absolute value of the energy conversion rate is large, and the power output changes rapidly in this time period. The steady state holding section corresponds to a time period with a small absolute value of the energy conversion rate, and the power output is basically stable in this time period. In the power change rate sequence, the fast response section and the steady state holding section usually appear alternately, the fast response section corresponds to the active adjustment stage, and the steady state holding section corresponds to the stable operation stage. By identifying the fast response section and the steady state holding section, the execution effect of the two-stage collaborative operation instruction can be evaluated, the duration of the fast response section reflects the response speed, and the power level of the steady state holding section reflects the steady state output capability. When the working condition frequently switches, the power change rate sequence may contain multiple fast response sections and steady state holding sections, and the two-stage cycle will repeatedly experience the process of fast adjustment and stable holding when switching between different working conditions.

[0062] The response capability anchor point is constructed by the fast response section, and the response strength calibration is performed on the steady state holding section to construct the power collaborative trajectory. Identifying the response capability anchor point requires searching for the maximum value of the energy conversion rate in the fast response section, and the time point corresponding to the maximum value is the response capability anchor point, at which the power change speed reaches the peak. The response capability anchor point reflects the strongest adjustment capability of the two-stage cycle when responding to the control instruction, and the power change rate of the anchor point represents the fastest power improvement speed that can be achieved. The response strength calibration refers to taking the response capability anchor point as a reference to evaluate the stability of the power output in the steady state holding section. To perform the response strength calibration on the steady state holding section, the standard deviation of the power fluctuation in the section needs to be calculated, and the standard deviation is normalized with the energy conversion rate of the response capability anchor point to obtain the response strength index. A smaller response strength index indicates that the power output in the steady state holding section is very stable and successfully suppresses the power fluctuation. The power collaborative trajectory integrates the information of the fast response section, the response capability anchor point and the steady state holding section, and forms a complete trajectory describing the power from the baseline state to the new steady state after fast adjustment. The power collaborative trajectory contains the time characteristics and amplitude characteristics of the power change, and clearly shows how the two-stage collaborative operation instruction drives the two-stage output power to change from one state to another state.

[0063] In some embodiments, the forming the power generation performance score by performing gradient correlation analysis on the power collaborative trajectory comprises: identifying a fluctuation peak area as a response sensitive band according to the power collaborative trajectory; performing sensitivity weighting on the response sensitive band to generate a regulation potential coefficient; converting the response sensitive band into a performance gain area based on the regulation potential coefficient; and generating a power generation performance score based on the coverage range of the performance gain area.

[0064] The fluctuation peak value region is identified according to the power coordination trajectory as a response sensitive band. Identifying the fluctuation peak value region requires analyzing the deviation degree of the power value at each time in the power coordination trajectory from the average power. When the absolute value of the deviation is large, it indicates that the time is in a region with intense fluctuations. In the power coordination trajectory, the fluctuation peak value region is usually located near the fast response section, because the power regulation in this section is the most intense, corresponding to the period of the most active power changes and regulation responses. The response sensitive band emphasizes the high sensitivity of the fluctuation peak value region to control instructions. In this power range, a small control adjustment will cause significant power changes. The width of the response sensitive band reflects the power range with high sensitivity response. The wider the width, the greater the power range that can maintain high response capability. The starting power and ending power of the response sensitive band can be clearly located through the power coordination trajectory, which provides a key attention range for subsequent regulation strategy optimization. When the inter-stage temperature difference adjustment effect is most obvious, the generated power is usually within the response sensitive band. Control adjustment in this range can achieve the best power improvement effect.

[0065] The sensitivity weight of the response sensitive band is performed to generate a regulation potential coefficient. The sensitivity of each power point in the response sensitive band is evaluated, and the sensitivity value is normalized to 0 to 1 as a weight coefficient. In the response sensitive band, the position near the response capability anchor point usually has higher sensitivity, and the weight coefficient of this position is larger. Sensitivity is represented by the ratio of power change to control input change. The larger the ratio, the higher the sensitivity. The regulation potential coefficient is determined by the formula K_potential=w_sensitivity×(1-σ_fluctuation / σ_baseline), where w_sensitivity is the normalized sensitivity weight, σ_fluctuation is the standard deviation of the power fluctuation in the response sensitive band, and σ_baseline is the standard deviation of the power baseline. The coefficient comprehensively reflects the effectiveness and stability of the regulation. A higher regulation potential coefficient indicates that control adjustment in the response sensitive band can achieve both fast response and good stability. This region has great potential for regulation improvement. At different positions in the response sensitive band, the distribution of the regulation potential coefficient presents a peak value feature, and the peak value position corresponds to the best regulation point. When the generated power needs to be quickly increased, the control device preferentially adjusts the power to the region with a higher regulation potential coefficient. Regulation in this region can achieve the maximum power gain with the least control cost.

[0066] For example, the response sensitive band is converted into a performance gain area according to the regulation potential coefficient, including: obtaining a gain level sequence according to the regulation potential coefficient; configuring a conversion intensity reference value for each gain level in the gain level sequence; performing progressive superposition of each conversion intensity reference value according to a gain level increasing rule to generate a superimposed conversion intensity; and converting the response sensitive band into a performance gain area using the superimposed conversion intensity.

[0067] The gain level sequence is obtained by dividing the gain level according to the regulation potential coefficient. The value range of the regulation potential coefficient is divided into several intervals, and each interval corresponds to a gain level. The gain level is usually divided into five levels, including high gain level, higher gain level, medium gain level, lower gain level and low gain level. The region where the regulation potential coefficient is greater than 0.8 is divided into high gain level, the region between 0.6 and 0.8 is divided into higher gain level, the region between 0.4 and 0.6 is divided into medium gain level, the region between 0.2 and 0.4 is divided into lower gain level, and the region less than 0.2 is divided into low gain level. In the response sensitive band, different power points correspond to different regulation potential coefficients, so they are divided into different gain levels. The gain level sequence arranges the gain levels of the power points in the response sensitive band in order from low to high power to form. The gain level sequence describes the distribution pattern of the regulation potential in the response sensitive band, and the sequence reflects the potential ability to improve performance at different power output levels. When the gain level sequence shows that a plurality of power points are in the high gain level, it indicates that there is a sustained high regulation potential in the power interval.

[0068] The transformation intensity reference value is configured for each gain level in the gain level sequence. The configuration of the transformation intensity reference value follows the principle of increasing level, and the reference value configured for the high gain level is 1.0, the reference value for the higher gain level is 0.75, the reference value for the medium gain level is 0.5, the reference value for the lower gain level is 0.25, and the reference value for the low gain level is 0.1. The transformation intensity reference value of the high gain level is set to be high, indicating that this level contributes more to the performance gain. Each gain level appearing in the gain level sequence is assigned a corresponding transformation intensity reference value. In the gain level sequence, the same gain level may appear at multiple power points, and these power points are assigned the same transformation intensity reference value. The gain level with a higher transformation intensity reference value will have a greater weight in the subsequent performance gain calculation, thereby having a more significant impact on the power generation performance score. When there are more power points in the high gain level in the gain level sequence, the high transformation intensity reference value configured for these points will improve the overall performance gain potential.

[0069] The reference values of each conversion intensity are progressively superimposed according to the gain level increment rule to generate superimposed conversion intensity. Progressive superimposition requires accumulation from low gain level to high gain level, and each promotion of a level increases the conversion intensity by the reference value of the current level based on the previous level. The gain level increment rule means that when the level promotion appears in the sequence of gain levels, the conversion intensity of the subsequent level not only contains its own reference value, but also superimposes the intensity increment contributed by the previous level. The superimposed conversion intensity is determined by the formula S_superposed =∑(β_i×V_i), where β_i is the conversion intensity reference value of the i-th gain level, and V_i is the number of times the level appears in the sequence of gain levels. This formula reflects the cumulative contribution of each level to the total conversion intensity. When multiple high gain levels appear continuously in the sequence of gain levels, the superimposed conversion intensity will quickly grow, reflecting the strong performance gain capability in this power range. The superimposed conversion intensity integrates the regulatory potential of the response sensitive band into a comprehensive index, and the larger the index, the stronger the ability to convert the response sensitive band into a high performance region.

[0070] The superimposed conversion intensity is used to convert the response sensitive band into a performance gain region. The regulatory potential of each power point in the response sensitive band is weighted and summed according to the weight of the superimposed conversion intensity. After conversion, the performance gain region redefines the power range that originally showed high sensitivity response in the response sensitive band as an advantageous operating region that can achieve performance improvement. When operating in the performance gain region, the two-stage cycle can not only respond quickly to control instructions, but also achieve net gain of power output during the response process. When the superimposed conversion intensity of a certain power point is high, the point occupies a core position in the performance gain region after conversion. The boundary of the performance gain region is determined by the threshold of the superimposed conversion intensity, and when the superimposed conversion intensity is lower than the set threshold, the corresponding power point is not included in the performance gain region. The power range of the performance gain region is usually smaller than the response sensitive band, because only the region that meets the requirements of regulatory potential and conversion intensity can be identified as a performance gain region. When optimizing the two-stage cycle, the control strategy tends to adjust the power to operate in the performance gain region, where it can convert thermal energy to mechanical work with high efficiency.

[0071] The power generation performance score is generated based on the coverage of the performance gain region. The coverage is determined by the power span of the performance gain region divided by the rated power range, and the greater the ratio indicates the wider the coverage of the performance gain region. The power generation performance score is determined by the formula P_score=(R_coverage×S_superposition) / P_rated, wherein R_coverage is the power span of the performance gain region, S_superposition is the superposition conversion intensity, and P_rated is the rated power. The score comprehensively reflects the power range in which high-performance operation can be achieved and the intensity of the performance gain. The higher the power generation performance score indicates the better the overall power generation performance of the dual-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation device, which can maintain high-efficiency and stable operation in a wider power range. When the coverage of the performance gain region is wide and the superposition conversion intensity is high, the power generation performance score reaches a high level, reflecting that the execution effect of the dual-stage collaborative operation instruction is good. As an evaluation index, the power generation performance score can be used to compare the performance under different control strategies or different operating conditions. In actual operation, the operator can judge whether the current operating state is in the best performance interval according to the power generation performance score, and when the score is lower than the set standard, the control parameters need to be adjusted or the operating mode needs to be switched.

[0072] In step S150, the dual-stage operation parameter offset after the execution of the dual-stage collaborative operation instruction is collected, and the ideal cycle rhythm is locked based on the dual-stage operation parameter offset and the power generation performance score. The ideal cycle rhythm is used to form a continuous power generation sequence through hierarchical control.

[0073] Specifically, the dual-stage operation parameter offset after the execution of the dual-stage collaborative operation instruction is collected. When the adjustment actions of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage have been implemented, the dual-stage cycle enters a new stable operating state. During the implementation of the adjustment actions, the operating parameters of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage will change, including the core parameters such as evaporation temperature, condensation temperature, working fluid flow rate, and expander speed. After the adjustment actions are completed, the deviation between each operating parameter and the reference value before adjustment is the dual-stage operation parameter offset. Collecting the dual-stage operation parameter offset requires recording the parameter comparison data before and after adjustment. The evaporation temperature offset, condensation temperature offset, and flow rate offset of the high-temperature stage are measured by temperature sensors and flow meters, respectively. The parameter offsets of the low-temperature stage are obtained in the same way. A positive dual-stage operation parameter offset indicates an increase in the parameter, and a negative dual-stage operation parameter offset indicates a decrease in the parameter. The dual-stage operation parameter offset can be used to evaluate the actual influence of the dual-stage collaborative operation instruction on the cycle state. A larger offset indicates a more significant adjustment effect, and a smaller offset indicates a weaker adjustment effect. The dual-stage operation parameter offset also reflects the collaborative response characteristics between the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage. When the high-temperature stage condensation temperature offset and the low-temperature stage evaporation temperature offset have the same sign and amplitude, it indicates that the inter-stage collaborative effect is good. After power adjustment is completed, the dual-stage operation parameter offset tends to be stable, and each parameter no longer fluctuates dramatically.

[0074] Locking the ideal cycle rhythm based on the dual-stage operating parameter offset and the power generation performance score. The dual-stage organic Rankine cycle should follow the optimal operation rhythm mode under different power demands, and this mode is the ideal cycle rhythm. The relationship between the dual-stage operating parameter offset and the power generation performance score is analyzed to identify which parameter offset corresponds to a higher power generation performance score. When the dual-stage operating parameter offset shows that the high-temperature condensing temperature is reduced and the low-temperature evaporation temperature is adjusted accordingly, if the power generation performance score is also improved, then this parameter offset mode is identified as a beneficial adjustment direction. Locking the ideal cycle rhythm requires establishing the mapping relationship between the dual-stage operating parameter offset and the power generation performance score, and the combination of the dual-stage operating parameter offset corresponding to the peak power generation performance score is identified as the characteristic of the ideal operating state. The ideal cycle rhythm includes the parameter offset range and adjustment frequency that the dual-stage cycle should maintain under different load conditions. In the ideal cycle rhythm, the parameter adjustment of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage follows a coordinated rhythm, and the changes caused by the adjustment of the high-temperature stage will trigger the response adjustment of the low-temperature stage after a certain time delay. The ideal cycle rhythm also defines the periodic characteristics of parameter adjustment, and when the waste heat source fluctuation is periodic, the parameter adjustment of the dual-stage cycle should also be carried out according to the corresponding period.

[0075] In some embodiments, the ideal cycle rhythm is used to constitute a continuous power generation sequence through hierarchical control, including: defining a regulation period span through the ideal cycle rhythm; dividing the regulation period span into high-load fast-response, medium-load steady-state and low-load standby sub-periods to obtain a period configuration table; performing time sequence displacement configuration on the period configuration table to form an interleaved start mode; and constituting a continuous power generation sequence according to the interleaved start mode.

[0076] The span of the control period is defined by the ideal cycle rhythm. The length of time from the start to the end of a complete two-stage collaborative control is the span of the control period. The ideal cycle rhythm contains the rhythm information of the control action, which determines how long the control should be performed at intervals. Defining the span of the control period requires analyzing the rate of change of the parameters in the ideal cycle rhythm and the time required for stabilization. The total time from the start of control to the new steady state of the two-stage cycle is the span of the control period. The span of the control period includes the time of three stages, which are the parameter rapid adjustment stage, the transition stabilization stage and the steady state maintenance stage. The ideal cycle rhythm shows that the duration of the rapid adjustment stage is short but the parameter changes drastically, and the length of time of this stage is mainly determined by the response speed of the actuator. The transition stabilization stage is the process of gradually reducing the parameter change rate until it tends to be stable, and the time of this stage in the ideal cycle rhythm is affected by thermal inertia and fluid transmission delay. The length of time of the steady state maintenance stage is determined by the stability of the operating condition, and when the condition is stable, the time of this stage is longer. The span of the control period is determined by summing the time of the three stages in the ideal cycle rhythm, and this span reflects the total length of time required to complete an effective control. When the load changes drastically, the span of the control period will be shortened accordingly to improve the response frequency, and when the load is stable, the span of the control period can be extended to reduce the number of control interventions.

[0077] The span of the control period is defined by the ideal cycle rhythm. The length of time from the start to the end of a complete two-stage collaborative control is the span of the control period. The ideal cycle rhythm contains the rhythm information of the control action, which determines how long the control should be performed at intervals. Defining the span of the control period requires analyzing the rate of change of the parameters in the ideal cycle rhythm and the time required for stabilization. The total time from the start of control to the new steady state of the two-stage cycle is the span of the control period. The span of the control period includes the time of three stages, which are the parameter rapid adjustment stage, the transition stabilization stage and the steady state maintenance stage. The ideal cycle rhythm shows that the duration of the rapid adjustment stage is short but the parameter changes drastically, and the length of time of this stage is mainly determined by the response speed of the actuator. The transition stabilization stage is the process of gradually reducing the parameter change rate until it tends to be stable, and the time of this stage in the ideal cycle rhythm is affected by thermal inertia and fluid transmission delay. The length of time of the steady state maintenance stage is determined by the stability of the operating condition, and when the condition is stable, the time of this stage is longer. The span of the control period is determined by summing the time of the three stages in the ideal cycle rhythm, and this span reflects the total length of time required to complete an effective control. When the load changes drastically, the span of the control period will be shortened accordingly to improve the response frequency, and when the load is stable, the span of the control period can be extended to reduce the number of control interventions.

[0078] The time sequence displacement configuration of the period configuration table forms the staggered start mode. The staggered arrangement of the start time of each sub-period in the period configuration table can make the regulation actions of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage not occur at the same time. The high-load fast-response sub-period of the high-temperature stage and the high-load fast-response sub-period of the low-temperature stage form a staggered relationship in time, and this relationship is the staggered start mode. The time sequence displacement configuration needs to determine the time offset between the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage, and the offset is usually set to 10% to 20% of the span of the regulation period. Through the time sequence displacement, when the high-temperature stage enters the high-load fast-response sub-period and starts to adjust the parameters greatly, the low-temperature stage is still in the medium-load steady-state sub-period and keeps stable. The staggered start mode avoids the energy transfer imbalance caused by the simultaneous large adjustment of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage. In the staggered start mode, the regulation action of the high-temperature stage starts before the low-temperature stage, and after the change caused by the parameter adjustment of the high-temperature stage is transmitted to the low-temperature stage for a certain time, the low-temperature stage starts to enter the fast-response stage. After the time sequence displacement configuration of the period configuration table, the start time of each sub-period is re-calibrated, and the control sequence of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage presents a ladder type advancement in the time axis. The staggered start mode also considers the delay time of the inter-stage energy transfer, and ensures that the response time of the low-temperature stage matches the energy change transmitted from the high-temperature stage. At the moment of working condition switching, the staggered start mode can ensure the smooth transition of the double-stage cycle and will not appear power mutation.

[0079] The double-stage organic Rankine cycle generates power continuously in the continuous power generation sequence according to the staggered starting mode. The double-stage organic Rankine cycle generates power continuously in the continuous power generation sequence according to the staggered starting mode defined control rhythm in the long-time operation process, and forms a continuous power generation sequence. The staggered starting mode ensures that the regulation actions of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage are sequentially connected in time, and the sequential connection forms a reciprocating control cycle. In the continuous power generation sequence, each control cycle contains three sub-periods of high-load fast response, medium-load steady state and low-load standby. The high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage enter the respective sub-periods according to the staggered starting mode, and the power outputs of the two stages form a complementary superposition effect on the time axis. When the high-temperature stage is in the high-load fast response sub-period and the power rapidly increases, the low-temperature stage is in the medium-load steady state sub-period to provide a stable power basis, and the superposition of the power outputs of the two stages ensures the continuity of the total output power. The continuous power generation sequence is implemented through the circulation of multiple control cycles, and the double-stage cycle realizes long-term stable power generation. In the continuous power generation sequence, the time sequence displacement configuration of the staggered starting mode makes the double-stage cycle avoid the periodic valley of the power output, and the total power output curve presents the characteristics of smooth continuity. The continuous power generation sequence also has an adaptive adjustment capability. When the waste heat fluctuation causes the power output of one stage to decrease, the other stage can compensate the power by entering the high-load fast response sub-period in advance. The stability of the continuous power generation sequence is evaluated by monitoring the fluctuation standard deviation of the total output power. The smaller the standard deviation, the more stable the continuous power generation sequence. In the long-time continuous operation, the continuous power generation sequence repeatedly executes the control cycle according to the staggered starting mode, and finally converts the intermittent waste heat energy into continuous and stable power output.

[0080] In order to perform the ship double-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation method corresponding to the above-mentioned method embodiment, the corresponding functions and technical effects are realized. Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The structure block diagram of the ship double-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation device 200 provided by the embodiment of the application is shown. For ease of illustration, only the part related to the embodiment is shown. The ship double-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation device 200 provided by the embodiment of the application comprises:

[0081] The data acquisition module 201 is configured to acquire double-stage working medium cycle state and expander operation data, perform inter-stage heat transfer matching detection on the double-stage working medium cycle state, lock the energy efficiency conversion deviation of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage, and construct an inter-stage temperature correction coefficient according to the energy efficiency conversion deviation.

[0082] The code establishment module 202 is configured to perform phase transition distribution identification on the double-stage working medium cycle state, extract a phase change dominant feature, identify a power available window and locate a regulation section from the expander operation data, project the phase change dominant feature to the regulation section to form a cycle control index, and screen and adapt working medium flow to establish a unified cycle identification code based on the cycle control index.

[0083] The regulation locking module 203 is configured to perform coupling adjustment on the unified cycle identification code by means of the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient to generate a comprehensive cycle mark, identify a power disturbance precursor based on a synergistic correlation coefficient of the two-stage working medium cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient, and lock an intervention trigger time of the comprehensive cycle mark in reliance on the power disturbance precursor;

[0084] The performance evaluation module 204 is configured to implement hierarchical execution of the comprehensive cycle mark to generate a two-stage synergistic operation instruction according to the intervention trigger time, monitor a two-stage output power fluctuation to establish a power synergistic trajectory in the process of execution of the two-stage synergistic operation instruction, and form a power generation performance score by performing gradient correlation analysis on the power synergistic trajectory.

[0085] The sequence constituting module 205 is configured to collect a two-stage operation parameter offset after completion of execution of the two-stage synergistic operation instruction, lock an ideal cycle rhythm based on the two-stage operation parameter offset and the power generation performance score, and constitute a continuous power generation sequence by hierarchical control using the ideal cycle rhythm.

[0086] The ship two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation device 200 described above can implement the ship two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation method of the method embodiment described above. The optional items in the method embodiment described above are also applicable to the present embodiment, and will not be described in detail here. The remaining contents of the present embodiment can be referred to the contents of the method embodiment described above, and will not be described in detail in the present embodiment.

[0087] The above embodiments are not exhaustive enumeration based on the present application, and in addition to the above, there can be a plurality of other embodiments not listed. Any replacement and improvement made without violating the concept of the present application is within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A marine two-stage organic Rankine cycle power generation method, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: acquiring double-stage working fluid cycle state and expander operation data, performing inter-stage heat transfer matching detection on the double-stage working fluid cycle state to lock the energy efficiency conversion deviation of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage, and constructing an inter-stage temperature correction coefficient according to the energy efficiency conversion deviation; performing phase state transition distribution identification on the double-stage working fluid cycle state to construct a phase transition energy distribution curve, extracting a phase transition dominant feature based on the phase transition energy distribution curve, identifying a power available window and locating a regulation section from the expander operation data, projecting the phase transition dominant feature to the regulation section to form a cycle control index, and screening and adapting working fluid flow based on the cycle control index to establish a unified cycle identification code; wherein the phase transition dominant feature refers to a characteristic parameter with the most significant energy change and the greatest impact on cycle performance in the phase transition energy distribution curve; and the unified cycle identification code is used to uniquely identify the current cycle state; performing coupled adjustment on the unified cycle identification code by means of the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient to generate a comprehensive cycle marker, identifying a power disturbance precursor based on the synergistic correlation coefficient of the double-stage working fluid cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient, and locking an intervention trigger time point based on the power disturbance precursor and the comprehensive cycle marker; wherein the comprehensive cycle marker is an increase in temperature correction information based on the unified cycle identification code to form a complete cycle state description; implementing hierarchical execution on the comprehensive cycle marker according to the intervention trigger time point to generate a double-stage synergistic operation instruction, monitoring double-stage output power fluctuation in the execution process of the double-stage synergistic operation instruction to establish a power synergistic trajectory, and forming a power generation performance score through correlation analysis between power change amount and control input change amount; wherein the hierarchical execution refers to converting control information in the comprehensive cycle marker into executable control instructions according to the two levels of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage; and the power synergistic trajectory is used to describe the complete trajectory of power from the baseline state to the new steady state after rapid adjustment, and contains the time characteristics and amplitude characteristics of power change; locking an ideal cycle rhythm based on the double-stage running parameter offset after the double-stage synergistic operation instruction is completed and the power generation performance score, and generating a continuous power generation sequence through hierarchical control using the ideal cycle rhythm; wherein the double-stage running parameter offset refers to the deviation between each running parameter after the adjustment action is completed and the reference value before the adjustment; and the ideal cycle rhythm refers to the optimal operation rhythm mode that the double-stage organic Rankine cycle should follow under different power demands.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of locking the energy efficiency conversion deviation of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage by performing inter-stage heat transfer matching detection on the double-stage working fluid cycle state comprises the following steps: extracting the potential energy distribution of each stage from the double-stage working fluid cycle state; identifying the reverse heat transfer path in the potential energy distribution of each stage to generate a counter-feeding heat factor, wherein when the potential energy distribution of each stage shows that the inter-stage temperature difference decreases or the temperature is reversed, the reverse heat transfer path is identified, and the counter-feeding heat factor is used to represent the contribution degree of reverse heat transfer to the energy input of the low-temperature stage; The anti-nurturing heat transfer factor is used to perform energy efficiency deviation quantization on the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage to obtain an energy efficiency deviation amplitude; The energy efficiency conversion deviation is determined according to the energy efficiency deviation amplitude.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The phase change dominant feature is projected to the control section to form a cycle control index, including: A phase change energy release peak section is identified according to the phase change dominant feature; A capture window that is time-matched with the phase change energy release peak section is located in the control section; A time-segmented interception is performed on the phase change energy release peak section through the capture window to obtain an energy interception sequence; wherein the time-segmented interception refers to dividing the phase change energy release peak section into a plurality of continuous sub-periods, and each sub-period corresponds to a specific energy release amount; A cycle control index is formed based on the energy interception sequence.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The cooperative correlation coefficient based on the double-stage working fluid cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient is used to identify a power disturbance precursor, including: A working fluid flow direction is traced to identify an energy concentration area based on the cooperative correlation coefficient of the double-stage working fluid cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient; A power transmission network is constructed according to the energy concentration area; A multi-path output architecture is obtained by performing capacity redistribution on the power transmission network with the energy concentration area as a power distribution node; wherein the multi-path output architecture refers to establishing a plurality of independent energy transmission and power output paths in the power transmission network, and each path has stable output capacity and low power fluctuation characteristics; A power disturbance precursor is identified by performing topology reconfiguration on the multi-path output architecture.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The power generation performance score is formed by performing correlation analysis between the power change amount and the control input change amount based on the power cooperative trajectory, including: A fluctuation peak area is identified as a response sensitive band based on the power cooperative trajectory; A control potential coefficient is obtained by performing sensitivity weighting on each power point of the response sensitive band; wherein the sensitivity is represented by the ratio of the power change amount to the control input change amount; the control potential coefficient K_potential=w_sensitivity×(1-σ_fluctuation / σ_baseline), wherein w_sensitivity is a normalized sensitivity weight, σ_fluctuation is the standard deviation of the power fluctuation in the response sensitive band, and σ_baseline is the standard deviation of the power baseline; The response sensitive band is converted into a performance gain area based on the control potential coefficient; wherein when running in the performance gain area, the double-stage cycle can not only quickly respond to control instructions, but also achieve net gain of power output during the response process; A power generation performance score is generated based on the coverage of the performance gain area.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The double-stage output power fluctuation during the execution of the double-stage cooperative operation instruction is monitored to establish a power cooperative trajectory, including: The double-stage output power fluctuation during the execution of the double-stage cooperative operation instruction is collected to form a power baseline offset; An energy conversion rate is extracted from the power baseline offset to form a power change rate sequence; A fast response section and a steady-state maintenance section are identified according to the power change rate sequence; The response ability anchor point is a time point corresponding to the maximum energy conversion rate in the fast response section; the response strength calibration is to evaluate the stability of the power output in the steady state maintaining section with the response ability anchor point as a reference.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The continuous power generation sequence generated by the ideal cycle rhythm through hierarchical control includes: The ideal cycle rhythm defines a regulation time span; wherein the regulation time span refers to the whole process time from regulation start to the new steady state of the double-stage cycle; The regulation time span is divided into high-load fast response, medium-load steady state and low-load standby sub-periods to obtain a time period configuration table; The time period configuration table is executed to form a staggered start mode; specifically, the start time of each sub-period in the time period configuration table is staggered to form a staggered relationship between the high-load fast response sub-period of the high-temperature stage and the high-load fast response sub-period of the low-temperature stage, which is the staggered start mode; The control rhythm defined by the staggered start mode continuously generates electric energy to form a continuous power generation sequence.

8. The method of claim 4, wherein, The energy concentration area is taken as a power distribution node to perform capacity redistribution on the power transmission network to generate a multi-channel output architecture, including: Identify the power fluctuation intensive transmission section in the power transmission network with the energy concentration area as the power distribution node; wherein when the power of a transmission path in the power transmission network fluctuates frequently in a short time, the transmission path is the power fluctuation intensive transmission section; Perform capacity sensitivity weighting on the power fluctuation intensive transmission section to generate a channel control potential coefficient; wherein the higher the capacity sensitivity, the easier it is to achieve power stability by adjusting the power fluctuation intensive transmission section, and the capacity sensitivity can be tested by fine-tuning the energy distribution ratio of the energy concentration area and observing the power response change of the power fluctuation intensive transmission section; the channel control potential coefficient K_potential=S_sensitivity×(1-P_fluctuation / P_average), wherein S_sensitivity is the capacity sensitivity, P_fluctuation is the power fluctuation amplitude, and P_average is the average power; Relying on the channel control potential coefficient, the power fluctuation intensive transmission section is reconstructed into a capacity gain channel; wherein by adjusting the energy distribution ratio of the energy concentration area as the power distribution node, the energy share of the transmission section with a higher channel control potential coefficient is increased, and the energy share of the transmission section with a lower channel control potential coefficient is reduced to obtain the capacity gain channel; Based on the capacity gain channel, a multi-channel output architecture is constructed.

9. The method of claim 5, wherein, The response sensitivity zone is converted into a performance gain area based on the regulation potential coefficient, including: According to the regulation potential coefficient, a gain level sequence is obtained by dividing the gain level; wherein the value range of the regulation potential coefficient is divided into several intervals, and each interval corresponds to a gain level; Each gain level in the gain level sequence is configured with a conversion intensity reference value; Each conversion intensity reference value is executed with progressive superposition according to the gain level increasing rule to generate superimposed conversion intensity. The response sensitive band is converted into a performance gain area using the superimposed conversion intensity.

10. Marine vessel two-stage organic Rankine cycle power plant, characterized by The method comprises the following steps: A data acquisition module is configured to acquire double-stage working fluid cycle state and expander operation data, perform inter-stage heat transfer matching detection on the double-stage working fluid cycle state to lock the energy efficiency conversion deviation of the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage, and construct an inter-stage temperature correction coefficient based on the energy efficiency conversion deviation. An encoding establishment module is configured to perform phase transition distribution identification on the double-stage working fluid cycle state to construct a phase change energy distribution curve, extract a phase change dominant feature based on the phase change energy distribution curve, identify a power available window and locate a regulation section from the expander operation data, project the phase change dominant feature to the regulation section to form a cycle control index, and filter and adapt working fluid flow based on the cycle control index to establish a unified cycle identification code; wherein the phase change dominant feature refers to a characteristic parameter with the most significant energy change and the greatest impact on cycle performance in the phase change energy distribution curve; and the unified cycle identification code is used to uniquely identify the current cycle state. A regulation locking module is configured to perform coupled regulation on the unified cycle identification code based on the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient to generate a comprehensive cycle marker, identify a power disturbance precursor based on the synergistic correlation coefficient of the double-stage working fluid cycle state and the inter-stage temperature correction coefficient, and lock an intervention trigger time based on the power disturbance precursor and the comprehensive cycle marker; wherein the comprehensive cycle marker is formed by adding temperature correction information to the unified cycle identification code to form a complete cycle state description. A performance evaluation module is configured to implement hierarchical execution on the comprehensive cycle marker according to the intervention trigger time to generate a double-stage synergistic operation instruction, monitor double-stage output power fluctuation during execution of the double-stage synergistic operation instruction to establish a power synergistic trajectory, and form a power generation performance score by performing correlation analysis between power change amount and control input change amount on the power synergistic trajectory; wherein the hierarchical execution refers to converting control information in the comprehensive cycle marker into executable control instructions according to the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage as two levels; and the power synergistic trajectory is used to describe the complete trajectory of power from the baseline state to the new steady state after rapid regulation, and includes the time characteristics and amplitude characteristics of power change. A sequence establishment module is configured to acquire double-stage operation parameter deviation after the double-stage synergistic operation instruction is completed, lock an ideal cycle rhythm based on the double-stage operation parameter deviation and the power generation performance score, and generate a continuous power generation sequence by hierarchical control using the ideal cycle rhythm; wherein the double-stage operation parameter deviation refers to the deviation between each operation parameter after the regulation action is completed and the reference value before the regulation; and the ideal cycle rhythm refers to the optimal operation rhythm mode that the double-stage organic Rankine cycle should follow under different power demands.

Images