Direct-current circuit breaker

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct-current circuit breaker, which comprises an operating system, an electromagnetic system, an overload protection module, an arc extinguishing system, a wiring system and a gas production part which are arranged in a circuit breaker shell, and is characterized in that the operating system, the electromagnetic system and the overload protection module form a composite part which is arranged at the top end of one side in the circuit breaker shell; the arc extinguishing system and the composite part are arranged in a diagonal manner; a plurality of gas outlet channels for discharging high-temperature gas in the electromagnetic system are formed in the circuit breaker shell; according to the invention, the number of the arc extinguishing grid sheets in the circuit breaker is increased, and more arc extinguishing grid sheets means that the arc can be more effectively divided into a plurality of short arcs when short-circuit current is broken, so that the extinguishing speed of the arc is accelerated, the arc voltage is improved, and the capability of breaking the short-circuit current is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical equipment technology, and more specifically to a DC circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, DC power systems are increasingly widely used in various fields, placing higher demands on the performance of DC circuit breakers. Especially in high-voltage operating environments, short-circuit currents often possess significant energy and destructive force, posing a severe challenge to the arc-extinguishing capability and breaking performance of circuit breakers. Because DC arcs lack a zero-crossing point, their extinguishing difficulty is far greater than that of AC arcs, thus requiring special designs to enhance arc-extinguishing effectiveness. Currently, common arc-extinguishing methods include increasing the near-electrode voltage drop and extending the arc length, with increasing the number of metal grids to improve the near-electrode voltage drop being a widely used technique. However, existing miniature DC circuit breakers have significant design shortcomings. Their internal structure typically distributes the electromagnetic system, operating mechanism, and overload protection module in a discrete layout within the housing. This layout occupies more than 55% of the internal space, significantly compressing the available space for the arc-extinguishing system.

[0003] In existing technologies, arc-extinguishing systems are typically confined directly below the electromagnetic system and arranged linearly along the height of the casing. Due to space limitations along the casing height, the arc-extinguishing system occupies only about 25% of the total product volume, and the number of arc-extinguishing grids is reduced to 10-12. This design makes it difficult for the arc voltage to reach a level sufficient to effectively extinguish the arc, thus affecting the arc-breaking capacity of the circuit breaker under high voltage conditions. Furthermore, the modular limitations of miniature circuit breakers further increase the difficulty of optimizing the arc-extinguishing system layout. These problems not only limit the breaking performance of the circuit breaker at high voltage levels but may also lead to equipment damage or power outages due to excessive short-circuit current, threatening the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for an innovative design for miniature DC circuit breakers that can achieve higher arc extinguishing efficiency and stronger breaking capacity within a limited space. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a DC circuit breaker to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A DC circuit breaker includes an operating system, an electromagnetic system, an overload protection module, an arc extinguishing system, a wiring system, and a gas generating component disposed within the circuit breaker housing. The operating system, electromagnetic system, and overload protection module form a composite component, which is arranged at the top of one side of the circuit breaker housing. The arc extinguishing system is arranged diagonally to the composite component. The circuit breaker housing has several exhaust channels for discharging high-temperature gases from the electromagnetic system.

[0007] Furthermore, the arc extinguishing system includes an arc extinguishing chamber and a plurality of arc extinguishing components arranged sequentially within the arc extinguishing chamber; The arrangement shape of the plurality of arc-extinguishing components corresponds to the inner cavity shape of the arc-extinguishing chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the arc-extinguishing assembly includes a plurality of arc-extinguishing grids arranged in combination.

[0009] Furthermore, the operating system includes a handle, a first link, a support, a second link, a jumper, a lock, a third link, and a moving contact; The support, the latch, and the moving contact are all rotatably connected to the circuit breaker housing; The handle, the first link, the support member, and the second link are sequentially connected in a transmission manner. The second link engages with the latch and is connected to the third link; The third link is hinged to the middle of the moving contact; One end of the jump buckle forms a mechanical locking engagement with the overlapping surface of the lock buckle, and the other end of the jump buckle corresponds to the pull rod of the electromagnetic system. When a short-circuit current triggers the operation of the electromagnetic system, the pull rod of the electromagnetic system pushes the jump buckle to rotate, thereby unlocking the lock buckle from the jump buckle.

[0010] Furthermore, the arc-extinguishing components are arranged in three groups.

[0011] Furthermore, the air outlet channel is provided in five groups, which are sequentially opened along the circumferential direction of one side wall of the several arc extinguishing components that are arranged away from the composite component.

[0012] Furthermore, the wiring system is located on the left and right sides of the arc extinguishing system.

[0013] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By integrating the operating mechanism, electromagnetic system, and overload protection into a composite component, its space occupation is greatly reduced compared to existing technologies. The space saved is used entirely to expand the arc extinguishing system. Without increasing the product size, it lays a structural foundation for improving arc extinguishing performance and achieves compatibility between miniaturization and functional enhancement.

[0014] The number of arc-extinguishing grids is greatly increased compared to existing solutions, which can more efficiently divide the arc into short arcs and significantly improve the arc voltage. Combined with multiple air outlet channels to quickly discharge high-temperature gas, the arc is extinguished more quickly, solving the problem of difficult arc extinguishing of high-voltage DC arcs and meeting the breaking requirements of high-voltage scenarios.

[0015] The integrated layout shortens the mechanical transmission chain, and the three precise rotation fulcrums of the operating mechanism, together with the linkage system, ensure efficient transmission of opening and closing actions; the soft connection design of the electromagnetic system and overload protection takes into account both electrical performance stability and mechanical vibration buffering, resulting in stronger overall anti-interference capability.

[0016] The single-pole structure can withstand higher voltages through optimization, eliminating the need for existing multi-pole series solutions. This reduces the number of devices and installation space, lowers the overall system cost, and improves the safety of power system operation, thus achieving both economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the DC circuit breaker in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first arc-extinguishing component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second arc-extinguishing component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third arc-extinguishing component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air outlet channel path in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Composite component; 2. Arc-extinguishing chamber; 3. First arc-extinguishing assembly; 4. Second arc-extinguishing assembly; 5. Third arc-extinguishing assembly; 6. Wiring system; 7. First air outlet channel; 8. Second air outlet channel; 9. Third air outlet channel; 10. Fourth air outlet channel; 11. Fifth air outlet channel; 12. First connecting rod; 13. Support component; 14. Second connecting rod; 15. Jumper; 16. Lock; 17. Third connecting rod; 18. Moving contact; 19. Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0022] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example See Figure 1-5As shown, this embodiment provides a DC circuit breaker, including an operating system, an electromagnetic system, an overload protection module, an arc extinguishing system, a wiring system 6, and a gas generating component disposed within the circuit breaker housing. The operating system, electromagnetic system, and overload protection module constitute a composite component 1, which is arranged at the top of one side within the circuit breaker housing. The arc extinguishing system is arranged diagonally opposite to the composite component 1. The circuit breaker housing has several venting channels for discharging high-temperature gases from the electromagnetic system.

[0026] Specifically, in order to achieve efficient use of space and integrated optimization of functions, the operating mechanism, electromagnetic system and overload protection are cleverly combined into a composite component 1. This design makes the composite component 1 occupy only a quarter of the space in the entire circuit breaker, which greatly improves the utilization rate of the internal space of the circuit breaker and provides more possibilities for the layout and functional expansion of other components.

[0027] It should be noted that the arc extinguishing system includes an arc extinguishing chamber 2 and several arc extinguishing components arranged sequentially in the arc extinguishing chamber 2; The arrangement of several arc-extinguishing components corresponds to the shape of the inner cavity of the arc-extinguishing chamber 2.

[0028] It should be noted that the arc extinguishing assembly includes several arc extinguishing grids arranged in combination.

[0029] It should be noted that the operating system includes a handle 19, a first link 12, a support 13, a second link 14, a jumper 15, a lock 16, a third link 17, and a moving contact 18; Support 13, latch 16 and moving contact 18 are all rotatably connected to the circuit breaker housing; The handle 19, the first link 12, the support 13 and the second link 14 are connected in sequence for transmission. The second link 14 engages with the latch 16 and is connected to the third link 17; The third link 17 is hinged to the middle of the moving contact 18; One end of the jump buckle 15 forms a mechanical locking engagement with the overlapping surface of the latch 16, and the other end of the jump buckle 15 corresponds to the pull rod of the electromagnetic system. When the short-circuit current triggers the operation of the electromagnetic system, the pull rod of the electromagnetic system pushes the jump buckle 15 to rotate, thereby unlocking the latch 16 from the jump buckle 15.

[0030] Specifically, the operating system is a crucial component of the entire circuit breaker system. It features three carefully designed pivot points, providing strong support for the stable operation of the circuit breaker. These three pivot points are: the connection point between the support member 13 and the circuit breaker housing, the connection point between the latch 16 and the circuit breaker housing, and the connection point between the moving contact 18 and the circuit breaker housing. Each connection point has undergone precise design and rigorous testing to ensure that the operating mechanism can operate flexibly and reliably under various working conditions.

[0031] The handle 19, serving as the control terminal of the operating system, is connected to the support member 13 via the first link 12. The support member 13 is securely mounted on the circuit breaker housing. When the operator rotates the handle 19, this force transmission causes the support member 13 to rotate. The rotation of the support member 13 is further transmitted through the second link 14, which is connected to the third link 17 that drives the moving contact 18 to rotate, and moves along the groove on the latch 16 fixed to the circuit breaker housing. This ingenious linkage transmission design ensures that the operation of the handle 19 can be accurately translated into the action of the moving contact 18, realizing the closing and opening operations of the circuit breaker.

[0032] The latch 16 plays a crucial limiting role in the operation of the circuit breaker. It achieves precise control of the entire system through its contact surface with the trip latch 15. The trip latch 15 has a lever structure that cooperates with the electromagnetic system's pull rod. When a short-circuit current occurs in the circuit, the moving iron core of the electromagnetic system quickly engages, generating a strong electromagnetic force. This electromagnetic force is transmitted through the pull rod, causing the trip latch 15 to rotate counterclockwise. As the trip latch 15 rotates, the connection between the latch 16 and the trip latch 15 unlocks, and the moving contact 18 instantly completes the tripping action, thereby quickly cutting off the circuit and protecting the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0033] Specifically, the cooperation between the operating system and the electromagnetic system is existing technology and will not be elaborated on here.

[0034] In terms of electrical connection, the moving contact 18 is connected to the other side of the coil via a flexible connection. This flexible connection not only ensures stable current transmission but also provides a certain degree of buffering and flexibility during the movement of the moving contact 18. The thermal element for overload protection is soldered to the coil pins, forming a tight electrical connection. By integrating the operating system with the electromagnetic system, the internal space used by the circuit breaker is effectively reduced, making the circuit breaker structure more compact and the layout more rational, thus improving the overall performance and reliability of the product.

[0035] It should be noted that, as Figure 1-4As shown, the arc-extinguishing components are arranged in three groups. Specifically, the arc-extinguishing chamber 2 contains three arc-extinguishing components of different lengths, named the first arc-extinguishing component 3, the second arc-extinguishing component 4, and the third arc-extinguishing component 5, with lengths of 11mm, 20mm, and 15mm respectively. Each length of arc-extinguishing component is assembled independently into a single unit, facilitating production, assembly, and maintenance. During each interruption process, each arc-extinguishing component sequentially cuts the arc.

[0036] It should be noted that, as Figure 5 As shown, five sets of air outlet channels are provided, namely the first air outlet channel 7, the second air outlet channel 8, the third air outlet channel 9, the fourth air outlet channel 10 and the fifth air outlet channel 11. They are sequentially opened along the circumferential direction of the side wall away from the composite component 1 of the three arc extinguishing components, so that the high-temperature gas in each arc extinguishing chamber 2 can be quickly discharged during the arc breaking process, thus accelerating the extinguishing of the arc.

[0037] It should be noted that wiring system 6 is located on the left and right sides of the arc extinguishing system.

[0038] This invention primarily addresses the issue by modifying the layout of existing circuit breakers to achieve a more rational design, thereby increasing the number of arc-extinguishing grids within the circuit breaker. More arc-extinguishing grids mean that when interrupting short-circuit current, the arc can be more effectively divided into multiple short arcs, thus accelerating the arc's extinction speed, increasing the arc voltage, and enhancing the ability to interrupt short-circuit current.

[0039] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A DC circuit breaker, comprising an operating system, an electromagnetic system, an overload protection module, an arc extinguishing system, a wiring system, and a gas generating component disposed within the circuit breaker housing, characterized in that, The operating system, electromagnetic system and overload protection module form a composite component, which is arranged at the top of one side inside the circuit breaker housing. The arc extinguishing system is arranged diagonally to the composite component. The circuit breaker housing has several exhaust channels for discharging high-temperature gases from the electromagnetic system.

2. A DC circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc extinguishing system includes an arc extinguishing chamber and a number of arc extinguishing components arranged sequentially in the arc extinguishing chamber; The arrangement shape of the plurality of arc-extinguishing components corresponds to the inner cavity shape of the arc-extinguishing chamber.

3. A DC circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arc-extinguishing assembly includes a plurality of arc-extinguishing grids arranged in combination.

4. A DC circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating system includes a handle, a first link, a support, a second link, a jumper, a lock, a third link, and a moving contact. The support, the latch, and the moving contact are all rotatably connected to the circuit breaker housing; The handle, the first link, the support member, and the second link are sequentially connected in a transmission manner. The second link engages with the latch and is connected to the third link; The third link is hinged to the middle of the moving contact; One end of the jump buckle forms a mechanical locking engagement with the overlapping surface of the lock buckle, and the other end of the jump buckle corresponds to the pull rod of the electromagnetic system. When a short-circuit current triggers the operation of the electromagnetic system, the pull rod of the electromagnetic system pushes the jump buckle to rotate, thereby unlocking the lock buckle from the jump buckle.

5. A DC circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arc-extinguishing components are arranged in three groups.

6. A DC circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air outlet channel is provided in five groups, which are sequentially opened along the circumferential direction of one side wall of the arc extinguishing components that is away from the composite component.

7. A DC circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wiring system is located on the left and right sides of the arc extinguishing system.

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