Quick charging adapter box

Abstract

The invention provides a quick charging adapter box. The quick charging adapter box comprises an alternating current-direct current converter, a charging data line, a charging adapter box and a standby battery to be charged, the charging adapter box detects an input voltage and a battery voltage so as to judge the states of the AC / DC converter and the battery; the charging adapter box is provided with an overvoltage, overcurrent and overtemperature protection circuit; the charging adapter box switches a charging mode; the charging adapter box displays the working state in real time; when the charging adapter box detects that the states of the AC / DC converter and the battery are normal, the charging adapter box enters a charging state, a charging mode is selected to charge the battery, the working state of the charging adapter box is monitored in real time and displayed through an LED indicating lamp, and corresponding protection measures are taken in case of overvoltage, overcurrent or overtemperature; and when the charging adapter box detects that the states of the AC / DC converter and the battery are abnormal, the charging adapter box does not enter the charging state and gives an alarm through the LED indicating lamp.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a fast charging adapter box. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since a stationary orbit satellite is far away from the ground, a large transmission power is required for a satellite telephone to ensure that the satellite can receive signals, so that the power consumption is relatively large, the standby time is short, and a standby battery is required when going out.

[0003] At present, the charging of the standby battery of the satellite telephone is mainly realized by using a high-voltage fast charging mode.

[0004] The biggest disadvantage of high-voltage fast charging is that power loss leads to serious heating, the thermal structure design requirement of the charging adapter box is high, additional manufacturing cost is increased, user experience is poor, and the safety hidden danger is relatively large. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to solve the above technical problems by providing a fast charging adapter box, which has smaller size and weight, higher safety, and better user experience.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the application provides a fast charging adapter box, which comprises an AC-DC converter, a charging data line, a charging adapter box and a standby battery to be charged.

[0007] The charging adapter box detects input voltage and battery voltage to determine the state of the AC-DC converter and the battery; the charging adapter box has overvoltage, overcurrent and overtemperature protection circuits; the charging adapter box switches the charging mode; and the charging adapter box displays the working state in real time.

[0008] When the charging adapter box detects that the state of the AC-DC converter and the battery is normal, it enters the charging state, selects the charging mode to charge the battery, monitors the working state of the charging adapter box in real time and displays the working state through the LED indicator light, and takes corresponding protection measures if overvoltage, overcurrent or overtemperature occurs.

[0009] When the charging adapter box detects that the state of the AC-DC converter and the battery is abnormal, it does not enter the charging state and alarms through the LED indicator light.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the CPU of the charging adapter box is an STM32 series, which has a UART communication interface, an I 2 C communication interface and a general GPIO interface.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment: the constant current fast charging chip of the charging adapter box is OZE202, supports 5A charging current, has overvoltage protection function, overcurrent protection function and general GPIO interface.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment: the pre-charging, constant voltage charging and recharging chip of the charging adapter box is OZ1C105T, supports 3A charging current, has overvoltage protection function, overcurrent protection function and I 2 C communication interface.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment: the external input interface of the charging adapter box is a 9-core aviation plug USB interface, and the external output interface is a 5-core POGO PIN thimble.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment: the AC-DC converter converts 220V AC into 5V DC, ensures that the stable output current is above 5A, and can detect the CONTIN current signal.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment: the charging data line is a USB TYPE-A interface to 9-core aviation plug interface, can perform USB data communication, supports 5V / 5A current transmission;

[0016] In a preferred embodiment: the battery to be charged is a lithium ion battery, and the nominal voltage is 3.6V.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The application provides a fast charging adapter box which adopts a combination of fast charging and slow charging to charge a backup battery, can monitor the charging state in real time, and autonomously selects the most efficient way to charge according to the corresponding state. When large-current constant-current charging is performed, the efficiency is higher, the power loss is smaller, the heating problem of the charging adapter box is greatly improved, the thermal structure design of the charging adapter box is simplified, the production manufacturing cost is reduced, the size and weight are reduced, and the safety is higher, and the user experience is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0020] Figure 2 The figure is a module diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0021] Figure 3 The figure is a circuit diagram of STM32FO30 in a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0022] Figure 4 The figure is a circuit diagram of the OZE202 chip in a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0023] Figure 5 Timing diagram for OZE 202 fast charging start in preferred embodiments of the application;

[0024] Figure 6 Timing diagram for OZE 202 fast charging stop in preferred embodiments of the application;

[0025] Figure 7 Circuit schematic for OZ1 C 105T in preferred embodiments of the application;

[0026] Figure 8 Lithium battery charging curve in preferred embodiments of the application; Figure 9 Software flowchart for preferred embodiments of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the application, but not all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0028] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the terms “upper”, “lower”, “inner”, “outer”, “top / bottom end” and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In addition, the terms “first” and “second” are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms “mounting”, “provided with”, “sleeved / connected”, “connected” and the like should be understood broadly, for example, “connected” can be wall-mounted connection, can be detachable connection, or integral connection, can be mechanical connection, can be electrical connection, can be direct connection, can be indirect connection through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements, and those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the application according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] The quick charging adapter for the standby battery of the Tiantong satellite telephone is composed of an AC-DC converter, a charging adapter box and a charging data line. The connection relationship of the charging adapter box, the standby battery, the AC-DC converter and the charging data line is shown in FIG. 1. The AC-DC converter is connected with the charging adapter box through the charging data line, and the standby battery is installed in the battery slot of the charging adapter box. The AC-DC converter is responsible for converting 220V AC into 5V DC, ensuring that the stable output current is above 5A, and adjusting the output voltage in real time according to the feedback of the charging adapter box. The charging data line is a standard USB interface. By increasing the diameter of the core wire and the contact area between the connector contacts, the impedance of the charging data line is reduced, the conductivity and overcurrent capacity are enhanced, and the 5V / 5A current can be completely transmitted from the AC-DC converter to the charging adapter box, while the feedback signal of the charging adapter box is accurately transmitted to the AC-DC converter. The charging adapter box is responsible for generating a charging excitation pulse, real-time monitoring and control of the charging current and voltage, switching between fast charging mode and slow charging mode, real-time monitoring of the battery capacity and indication of the charging state, etc.

[0031] The charging adapter box is composed of a main board, an aviation plug FPC, an upper cover, a lower cover and the like. The shell of the charging adapter box is made of PC+ABS material and is formed by injection molding process.

[0032] The hardware implementation scheme of the main board of the charging adapter box is shown in FIG. Figure 2 U3 is an STM32F030 single-chip microcomputer, which is used as an MCU to monitor and control the charging process state, so as to make the charging efficiency optimal. U4 and U2 constitute a charging circuit, which are OZ1C105T and OZE202 charging chips respectively. The OZ1C105T chip is responsible for pre-charging, constant-voltage charging and re-charging, and the OZE202 chip is responsible for constant-current fast charging.

[0033] The MCU STM32F030 integrates a high-performance ARM Cortex-M0 32-bit RISC core, a high-speed embedded memory and a wide range of enhanced peripherals and I / O, which can run at a frequency of 48MHz, provides a standard communication interface (up to 2 I2C, 2 SPI and 6 USART), a 12-bit ADC, 7 general 16-bit timers and an advanced control PWM timer. The schematic diagram of the MCU STM32F030 in the main board of the charging adapter box is shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0034] In FIG. Figure 3 , U1 TPS79333 is an LDO power chip, which converts V SYS voltage into stable 3.3V as the working voltage of U3 STM32F030. The main pin functions of U3 STM32F030 are shown in Table 1.

[0035]

[0036] The OZE202 is a charging chip that integrates battery charging control and AC / DC converter output voltage control. It supports 5A single-cell lithium battery charging with a charging efficiency of no less than 96%@5A. The charging current and voltage are dynamically adjustable, and it supports battery overcurrent and overvoltage protection, AC / DC converter overvoltage protection, automatic AC / DC converter identification and reverse compatibility protection, and timeout protection. It achieves a high-efficiency, high-current, low-voltage charging solution. Its extremely low power loss simplifies system thermal design while providing safe high-power charging capabilities. The charging schematic of the OZE202 chip in the charging adapter box motherboard is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0037] exist Figure 4 In the middle, the input voltage V of the charging adapter box BUS and battery voltage V BAT ESD diodes D3 and D4 are connected to the power input pin VSYS of charging chip U2 respectively. ESD diodes D3 and D4, along with resistor R17, form a comparator selector, which receives the input voltage V from the charging adapter box. BUS and battery voltage V BAT The higher voltage is selected as the operating voltage for the charging management chip U2, thus ensuring that the charging chip can enter the working state normally while also ensuring V BUS Voltage and V BAT There is no voltage conflict.

[0038] Q1 and Q2 are P-channel MOSFETs. When U2 detects that the input voltage of the charging adapter box is greater than 7V, the PA_OFF pin outputs a high level, and the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 are turned off, thereby realizing the overvoltage protection function of the charging adapter box for the AC-DC converter input voltage. When U2 detects that the battery voltage is higher than the charging voltage by 120mV or detects that the voltage difference across resistor RCH1 exceeds 100mV, the PA pin outputs a high level, and the MOSFET Q1 is turned off, thereby realizing the overvoltage and overcurrent protection function of the charging adapter box for the battery.

[0039] The voltage divider circuit composed of R63 and R64 provides the input reference voltage V to the IPROOG pin of U2. IPROG , Then the preset charging current of U2

[0040] RCH1 is a low-temperature drift inductor with an accuracy of 1% and a resistance of 15mΩ. Based on the characteristics of the OZE202 I BATT pin, V... IBATT =24×V RCH1 V RCH1 For the sensing resistor R RCH1 The voltage across the terminals is monitored in real time by ADC0, specifically the voltage V at pin I BATT. IBATTThen the actual charging current of U2

[0041] The reference voltage V output from the REF pin of U2 CC_REF =3.3V. The voltage divider circuit composed of R65 and R66 provides the input reference voltage V to the VPROG pin of U2. VPROG , Then the preset charging voltage of U2

[0042] The VFB pin of the AC / DC converter is connected to the CONT IN pin of U2 via the ADCCONT- network. When the MCU sets the GPIO1 pin of U2 to a low level and holds it for more than 200ms (t_GPIO1), if the AC / DC converter only supplies power to U2 at this time, the CONT IN pin of U2 will go high. After detecting the CONT IN current signal, the AC / DC converter will output voltage V. BUS The voltage drops from 5V to 3.7V. The MCU detects this voltage via ADC5 and assumes the AC / DC converter is only supplying power to U2. It then sets U2's GPIO2 pin low and holds it low for at least 200ms (t_GPIO2). After detecting the status of GPIO1 and GPIO2, U2 sets PA and PA_OFF pins low, turning on MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, and initiating fast charging. During fast charging, the MCU sets U2's GPIO1 pin low every 30s (t_WDR) and holds it low for at least 20ms (t_WD) to clear U2's watchdog timer. See the U2 fast charging startup timing diagram below. Figure 5 .

[0043] When the MCU sets GPIO1 of U2 to low and holds it low for more than 200ms (t_GPIO1), if the AC / DC converter is not solely supplying power to U2, then the CONT IN pin of U2 will go low, and the output voltage of the AC / DC converter will remain at 5V. The MCU detects this voltage and assumes the AC / DC converter is supplying power to U2. It then sets both GPIO1 and GPIO2 of U2 to low and holds them low for more than 200ms (t_OFF). After detecting the state of GPIO1 and GPIO2, U2 sets PA and PA_OFF pins to high, turning off MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, stopping fast charging. The MCU then sets GPIO1 and GPIO2 high. See the timing diagram for U2's fast charging stop. Figure 6 .

[0044] The OZ1C105T integrates a battery charging circuit and an OTG boost circuit, with a maximum charging current of 3A and an operating voltage of V. SYS and V BATDynamic switching between these modes is achieved through the integration of a switching MOSFET and a charging current sensing resistor, simplifying design, improving efficiency, and reducing costs. Supports I / O. 2 C-bus communication allows for programming settings such as charging voltage, wake-up voltage, minimum system voltage, charging current, charging end current, charging wake-up current, upper limit of input current, upper limit of input voltage, recharging time, recharging voltage drop, and adjustment of input voltage and safety timer. It can also read relevant registers to obtain charging circuit, charging voltage, temperature alarm, and other error states. It features input voltage undervoltage lockout, overvoltage protection, system voltage overvoltage protection, and system overtemperature protection. The charging schematic of the OZ1C105T chip on the charging adapter box motherboard is shown below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0045] exist Figure 7 In the OZ1C105T, the PSEL pin and OTG / USB pin are grounded through 0Ω resistors R73 and R5 respectively, making them low level, thereby allowing the charging circuit input current I to be applied. BUS The upper limit is set to 2.4A. The CE# pin of the OZ1 C105T is grounded through a 0Ω resistor R70, making it low, thus enabling the OZ1 C105T. The THM1 pin of the OZ1 C105T is connected to a voltage divider circuit composed of resistors NTC1, R51, and R52, forming a temperature detection loop. NTC1 is a thermistor, and its resistance decreases as temperature increases. The LX pin of the OZ1 C105T is connected to the energy storage inductor L250, forming the system voltage V generated by the switching power supply. SYS Meanwhile, inductor L250 and capacitor C26 also form an LC filter circuit to ensure the system power supply V SYS Clean and stable. The BAT pin of the OZ1C105T connects to the battery connector, providing charging voltage to the battery and monitoring the battery's own voltage.

[0046] Based on the inherent characteristics of lithium-ion batteries, rapid charging can be divided into four stages: trickle charging (low-voltage pre-charging), constant current charging, constant voltage charging, and recharging. The charging adapter's charging curve is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the charging management process is as follows: The charging adapter box first detects the voltage V of the battery to be charged. BAT If V BAT If the voltage is ≤3.6V, pre-charging will begin first, OZE202 will stop charging, and OZ1 C105T will start charging, entering low-voltage pre-charging mode; when V BAT When the voltage is greater than 3.6V, the OZ1 C105T is suspended, and the OZE202 begins charging, entering the 5A constant current fast charging mode; when the battery is almost fully charged and the charging current I... CHGWhen the voltage is less than 1A, the OZE202 stops charging, and the OZ1 C105T begins charging, entering a constant voltage slow charging mode until the battery is fully charged (4.2V). When the battery voltage drops below 4.125V, the OZ1 C105T enters recharging mode. The charging adapter software flowchart is as follows. Figure 9 As shown.

[0047] The charging adapter box software is designed and developed based on the C language environment. It consists of an ADC sampling module, an OZ1 C105T control module, an OZE202 control module, and a charging status monitoring and management module. The functional descriptions of each module are shown in Table 2.

[0048]

[0049] The ADC sampling module first configures the GPIO (pin numbers 6, 11, and 12) used for ADC sampling as analog input mode, configures the internal pull-up options, and enables the bus I / O clock. The STM32F030 supports DMA functionality; to improve ADC sampling efficiency, DMA is enabled while initializing the ADC-related configurations. Since multiple data streams need to be acquired, the ADC is set to multi-channel continuous conversion mode. After obtaining the raw ADC values, the sampled values ​​need to be converted to decimal data so that the program can judge the sampled data. The main data sampled by the ADC includes the charging adapter box input voltage V. BUS Battery voltage V BAT OZE202 charging current indicator voltage V IBATT .

[0050] The OZ1C105T control function module uses I 2 The C interface enables communication between the STM32F030 and the OZ1C105T chip, controlling and monitoring the chip's operating status according to the control protocol. This module first connects the STM32F030 to the OZ1C105T chip via the I / O interface. 2 The GPIO (pin numbers 17 and 18) for C-communication is configured in open-drain multiplexing mode, with no internal pull-up option configured and the bus I / O clock enabled. I / O is initialized. 2 The base address, ACK response, and clock enable configuration of the C are implemented, and bus read / write functions based on register addresses are implemented to realize the register query, setting, charging start, and charging stop functions of the OZ1 C105T.

[0051] The OZE202 control module first configures the two GPIOs (pin numbers 13 and 14) used for timing control as output mode, configures the internal pull-up options and enables the bus IO clock, and controls the pin level states of GPIO1 and GPIO2 according to specific timing logic through the GPIO_SetBits() and GPIO_ResetBits() functions to achieve the control function of the OZE202 chip's working state.

[0052] The charging status monitoring and management module first configures the two GPIOs (pin numbers 8 and 9) used for LED control as output mode and configures internal pull-down options to enable the bus IO clock. It then controls the GPIO level states using the GPIO_SetBits() and GPIO_ResetBits() functions to control the LED's on / off function. Next, based on the values ​​of the charging adapter box input voltage VBUS, battery voltage VBAT, OZE202 charging current indicator voltage VIBATT collected by the ADC sampling module, and the state of the OZ1 C105T charging stop register, the module controls the operating status of the OZ1 C105T and OZE202 through the OZ1 C105T control module and the OZE202 control module, respectively. The module also displays the charging adapter box's operating status in real time via LED indicators. The correspondence between the LED indicators and the charging adapter box's operating status is detailed in Table 3.

[0053] Serial number Red light state Green light state Charging adapter box working state Remark 1 Off Off No battery 2 Off Always on Fully charged 3 Always on Off Short circuit alarm 4 Fast flash Off Fast charging Light up once every 500ms, 240ms for each light 5 Slow flash Off Slow charging Light up once every 2000ms, 1000ms for each light

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial modifications made to the present invention by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast charging adapter box, characterized in that... include: AC / DC converter, charging data cable, charging adapter box, spare battery to be charged; The charging adapter box detects the input voltage and battery voltage to determine the status of the AC / DC converter and the battery; The charging adapter box has overvoltage, overcurrent and overtemperature protection circuits. The charging adapter box switches charging modes; the charging adapter box displays its working status in real time; When the charging adapter box detects that the AC / DC converter and battery are in normal condition, it enters the charging state, selects the charging method to charge the battery, monitors the working status of the charging adapter box in real time and displays the working status through LED indicator lights, and takes corresponding protection measures in case of overvoltage, overcurrent or overtemperature. If the charging adapter detects that the AC / DC converter and battery are not in normal condition, it will not enter the charging state and will issue an alarm via LED indicator.

2. The fast charging adapter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging adapter box uses an STM32 series CPU and has a UART communication interface and I / O pins. 2 C communication interface, general GPIO interface.

3. The fast charging adapter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant current fast charging chip in the charging adapter box is OZE202, which supports 5A charging current and has overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, and a general GPIO interface.

4. A fast charging adapter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging adapter box uses an OZ1C105T chip for pre-charging, constant voltage charging, and recharging, supporting a 3A charging current and featuring overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, and I / O protection. 2 C communication interface.

5. A fast charging adapter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging adapter box has a 9-pin aviation plug-in USB interface for external input and a 5-pin POGO PIN for external output.

6. A fast charging adapter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC / DC converter converts 220V AC power to 5V DC power, ensuring a stable output current of over 5A, and is capable of detecting the CONTIN current signal.

7. A fast charging adapter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging data cable is a USBTYPE-A interface to a 9-pin aviation connector, which can perform USB data communication and supports 5V / 5A current transmission.

8. A fast charging adapter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backup battery to be recharged is a lithium-ion battery with a nominal voltage of 3.6V.

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