A bipolar-compensated dynamic voltage regulator, method, apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a bipolar compensation type dynamic voltage regulator, method, device and storage medium, which comprises a double-chopper circuit and LC filter and transformer. In the first circuit: T1 / T2 emitter is connected in common, T2 / T3 collector is connected in common, and T3 / T4 emitter is connected in common; the second circuit is symmetrically connected. The filter inductor is connected to the T2 / T3 collector node, the capacitor is connected to the T6 / T7 collector node, and the free ends of the inductor and the capacitor are interconnected. The primary side of the transformer is connected to the LC connection point through the same end, and the non-same end is connected to the free end of the capacitor. Through the cooperative control of the double circuits: the non-working circuit is closed, the complementary conduction of the circuits is activated to generate a reverse compensation voltage; during the dead time period, the freewheeling path is constructed by using the conduction tube and the anti-parallel diode to eliminate overvoltage; the duty cycle is dynamically adjusted in real time according to the input-output voltage difference to realize accurate compensation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of voltage regulators, and particularly relates to a bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator, method, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid economic and social development and rising living standards, a large number of high-power devices such as air conditioners, large appliances, and electric vehicle charging stations are being connected to the power grid, leading to a continuous increase in electricity load. In rapidly urbanized areas with weak power grid infrastructure, transmission and distribution lines exhibit significant weak grid characteristics, frequently causing voltage fluctuations. Especially during periods of peak load, these areas commonly experience low voltage (e.g., 180V), while the large-scale grid connection of photovoltaic power generation systems causes localized high voltage problems (e.g., 250V) due to reverse power flow, seriously threatening the safe operation of electrical equipment. Such voltage quality problems urgently require efficient regulation solutions.

[0003] Traditional solutions primarily rely on pulse-width modulation (PWM) AC chopper circuits, typically represented by the Buck topology. While these circuits offer advantages such as high efficiency and simple structure, they also suffer from two inherent drawbacks:

[0004] Dead-time inductor overvoltage problem in switching devices: During the dead-time period of switching, the inductor current freewheeling loop is missing, causing voltage spikes that can easily lead to breakdown and damage to power devices. Conventional compensation circuits, due to the fixed coupling direction of the transformer, can only achieve a single function of boosting or bucking. To achieve bipolar voltage regulation, an additional mechanical switching device needs to be introduced. However, the millisecond-level delay and dispersed action time of mechanical switches cause voltage dips or overshoots during mode switching, and may even cause system oscillation faults. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator, method, device and storage medium.

[0006] This application provides a bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator, including: an AC chopper circuit, a filter circuit, and a transformer;

[0007] The AC chopper circuit includes a first chopper circuit and a second chopper circuit; the first chopper circuit includes switching transistors T1, T2, T3, and T4: the emitter of switching transistor T1 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T2, the collector of switching transistor T2 is connected to the collector of switching transistor T3, and the emitter of switching transistor T3 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T4; the second chopper circuit includes switching transistors T5, T6, T7, and T8: the emitter of switching transistor T5 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T6, the collector of switching transistor T6 is connected to the collector of switching transistor T7, and the emitter of switching transistor T7 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T8;

[0008] The filter circuit includes an inductor and a capacitor: one end of the inductor is connected to the collector connection point of the switching transistors T2 and T3 in the first chopper circuit, one end of the capacitor is connected to the collector connection point of the switching transistors T6 and T7 in the second chopper circuit, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the other end of the capacitor.

[0009] The primary side of the transformer with the same name is connected to the connection point of the inductor and the capacitor, and the primary side of the transformer with the other name is connected to the other end of the capacitor.

[0010] Optionally, the first chopper circuit and the second chopper circuit include:

[0011] In boost mode, switching transistors T7 and T8 are in the ON state, while switching transistors T5 and T6 are in the OFF state.

[0012] Optionally, the first chopper circuit and the second chopper circuit include:

[0013] In boost mode, when the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle of the sine wave, the switching transistors T2 and T4 remain on, and the switching transistors T1 and T3 are complementary on.

[0014] Optionally, the first chopper circuit and the second chopper circuit include:

[0015] In boost mode, when the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle of the sine wave, the switching transistors T1 and T3 remain on, while the switching transistors T2 and T4 are complementary on.

[0016] Optionally, the first chopper circuit and the second chopper circuit include:

[0017] In buck mode, switching transistors T3 and T4 are in the ON state, while switching transistors T1 and T2 are in the OFF state.

[0018] Optionally, the first chopper circuit and the second chopper circuit include:

[0019] In buck mode, when the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle of the sine wave, the switching transistors T6 and T8 remain on, and the switching transistors T5 and T7 are complementary on.

[0020] Optionally, the first chopper circuit and the second chopper circuit include:

[0021] In buck mode, when the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle of the sine wave, the switching transistors T5 and T7 remain on, and the switching transistors T6 and T8 are complementary on.

[0022] This application also provides a method for controlling a bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator, applied to the aforementioned bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator, the method comprising:

[0023] Obtain the input voltage;

[0024] The operating mode is determined based on the input voltage, and the operating mode includes boost mode and buck mode.

[0025] Obtain the period of the sine wave of the input voltage;

[0026] Controlling the conduction states of the switching transistors T1 to T8 according to the operating mode and the sine wave period includes:

[0027] When the operating mode is boost mode, the switching transistors T7 and T8 are controlled to be in the on state, the switching transistors T5 and T6 are controlled to be in the off state, and the on state of the switching transistors T1, T2, T3, and T4 is controlled according to the sine wave period;

[0028] When the working mode is buck mode, the switching transistors T3 and T4 are controlled to be in the on state, the switching transistors T1 and T2 are controlled to be in the off state, and the on state of the switching transistors T5, T6, T7 and T8 is controlled according to the sine wave period.

[0029] Obtain the output voltage;

[0030] The compensation voltage is determined based on the output voltage and the input voltage.

[0031] The on-time and off-time of the switching transistors T1 to T8 are adjusted according to the compensation voltage.

[0032] This application also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described above.

[0033] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the above-described method.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0035] This application provides a bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator, comprising: an AC chopper circuit, a filter circuit, and a transformer; the AC chopper circuit includes a first chopper circuit and a second chopper circuit; the first chopper circuit includes switching transistors T1, T2, T3, and T4: the emitter of switching transistor T1 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T2, the collector of switching transistor T2 is connected to the collector of switching transistor T3, and the emitter of switching transistor T3 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T4; the second chopper circuit includes switching transistors T5, T6, T7, and T8: the emitter of switching transistor T5 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T6... The emitter of the switching transistor T6 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor T7, and the emitter of the switching transistor T7 is connected to the emitter of the switching transistor T8. The filter circuit includes an inductor and a capacitor: one end of the inductor is connected to the collector connection point of the switching transistors T2 and T3 in the first chopper circuit, one end of the capacitor is connected to the collector connection point of the switching transistors T6 and T7 in the second chopper circuit, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the other end of the capacitor. The primary side of the transformer with the same name is connected to the connection point of the inductor and the capacitor, and the primary side of the transformer with the different name is connected to the other end of the capacitor. This application achieves a triple breakthrough through a dual-chopper circuit collaborative control mechanism, combined with a dynamic dead-time freewheeling strategy and real-time voltage compensation technology: First, after input voltage detection, the non-working circuit is quickly shut down, and the active circuit generates a reverse compensation voltage through complementary conduction. Second, during the switching dead-time period, a current freewheeling path is constructed using T2 / T4, which remains on during the positive half-cycle, and an anti-parallel diode, completely eliminating inductor spike overvoltage. Finally, by comparing the input-output voltage difference in real time, the duty cycle of the switching transistor is dynamically adjusted to precisely control the transformer compensation amount. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator in this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a control schematic diagram of the bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator in this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control process of the bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that various forms of implementation of the present disclosure are intended and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, the embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 The aforementioned bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator includes: an AC chopper circuit, a filter circuit, and a transformer.

[0041] The AC chopper circuit converts the input sinusoidal AC voltage into a pulse-width sinusoidal voltage by controlling the switching on and off of the switching transistor. The filter circuit converts the pulse-width sinusoidal voltage into a sinusoidal AC voltage with a reduced amplitude. The transformer couples the reduced-amplitude sinusoidal AC voltage from the primary side to the secondary side, compensating for the input sinusoidal AC voltage. These components work together to achieve dynamic voltage regulation, suitable for low-voltage and high-voltage anomaly scenarios in power distribution networks, providing stability and scenario adaptability. For example, when the input voltage fluctuates, this structure can respond quickly, ensuring the output voltage remains stable at 220V, preventing overvoltage damage to equipment. The AC chopper circuit processes the input signal, the filter circuit smooths the output, and the transformer provides electrical isolation and voltage compensation, forming a complete regulation mechanism.

[0042] The AC chopper circuit includes a first chopper circuit and a second chopper circuit.

[0043] The AC chopper circuit contains two independent loops to support bipolar regulation.

[0044] Specifically, the first chopper circuit consists of switching transistors T1, T2, T3, and T4: the emitter of transistor T1 is connected to the emitter of transistor T2, forming the circuit's starting point; the collector of transistor T2 is connected to the collector of transistor T3, serving as the circuit's midpoint; and the emitter of transistor T3 is connected to the emitter of transistor T4, completing the circuit closure. The second chopper circuit consists of switching transistors T5, T6, T7, and T8: the emitter of transistor T5 is connected to the emitter of transistor T6; the collector of transistor T6 is connected to the collector of transistor T7; and the emitter of transistor T7 is connected to the emitter of transistor T8. Each switching transistor is equipped with an anti-parallel diode (D1 to D8), where the emitter of the switching transistor is connected to the anode of the corresponding diode, and the collector is connected to the cathode of the diode.

[0045] This structure ensures a freewheeling path for the inductor current during dead time, preventing inductor overvoltage issues. For example, when the switch is turned off, the anti-parallel diode provides a freewheeling path, preventing voltage spikes from burning out the device. The first and second chopper circuits can operate independently, enabling switching between boost and buck modes.

[0046] The filter circuit includes an inductor and a capacitor.

[0047] The filter circuit is used to smooth the pulse width sinusoidal voltage output by the AC chopper circuit. One end of the inductor is connected to the collector connection point of the switching transistors T2 and T3 in the first chopper circuit, which serves as the midpoint of the first chopper circuit; one end of the capacitor is connected to the collector connection point of the switching transistors T6 and T7 in the second chopper circuit, which serves as the midpoint of the second chopper circuit; the other end of the inductor is connected to the other end of the capacitor, forming the output node of the filter circuit.

[0048] For example, inductors store energy and filter out high-frequency noise, while capacitors absorb voltage fluctuations, together converting the pulse-width voltage into a sinusoidal AC voltage with reduced amplitude. This design ensures a smooth output voltage and avoids ripple introduced by switching operations affecting transformer operation.

[0049] The primary side of the transformer with the same name is connected to the connection point of the inductor and the capacitor, and the primary side of the transformer with the other name is connected to the other end of the capacitor.

[0050] The transformer is responsible for voltage coupling and compensation. The primary side of the transformer with the same name is directly connected to the connection point of the inductor and the capacitor, which receives the filtered sinusoidal voltage. The non-primary side of the transformer is connected to the other end of the capacitor (i.e., the end not connected to the inductor), forming a primary circuit.

[0051] The same-name terminal of the transformer secondary side is connected to the connection point of the inductor and capacitor, and the non-same-name terminal of the secondary side is connected to the end of the capacitor that is not connected to the inductor. The positive terminal of the input is connected to the collector of switching transistor T1, the collector of switching transistor T5, and the non-same-name terminal of the transformer secondary side; the negative terminal of the input is connected to the collector of switching transistor T4 and the collector of switching transistor T8.

[0052] The positive terminal of the output is connected to the same terminal on the secondary side of the transformer, and the negative terminal of the output is connected to the negative terminal of the input.

[0053] This connection method ensures that the transformer can compensate the filtered voltage to the output. For example, when the input voltage drops, the transformer secondary provides boost compensation to stabilize the output. The transformer, acting as an isolation and gain component, forms a closed loop with the primary input and secondary output, enabling dynamic voltage regulation.

[0054] In boost mode, the first chopper circuit is in operation, while the second chopper circuit is inactive.

[0055] In boost mode, switches T7 and T8 are on, while switches T5 and T6 are off. This means the first chopper circuit is activated, while the second chopper circuit is deactivated. For example, when the input voltage is below 220V, the system enters boost mode, the first chopper circuit processes the input signal, and generates pulse width voltage through switch control. This division of labor ensures efficient circuit operation and avoids conflicts; the on-state of T7 and T8 provides a low-impedance path, while the off-state of T5 and T6 reduces losses. Overall, this state lays the foundation for subsequent positive and negative half-cycle operations.

[0056] In boost mode, when the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle of the sine wave, switches T2 and T4 remain on, while switches T1 and T3 are complementary on.

[0057] For the positive half-cycle operation in boost mode: "Switches T2 and T4 remain on" means they are continuously on throughout the entire positive half-cycle, providing the main current path; "Switches T1 and T3 are complementary on" means T1 and T3 alternately turn on and off, controlling the output voltage magnitude according to the pulse width modulation signal. For example, during the positive half-cycle of the input voltage sine wave, T2 and T4 conduct to maintain loop continuity, while T1 and T3 adjust the pulse width through high-frequency switching, thereby regulating the primary voltage of the transformer. Complementary on-off switching avoids short-circuit risks while achieving precise voltage control. The overall process ensures efficient input voltage conversion during the positive half-cycle.

[0058] In boost mode, when the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle of the sine wave, switches T1 and T3 remain on, while switches T2 and T4 are complementary on.

[0059] For the negative half-cycle operation of boost mode, switches T1 and T3 remain on, forming a stable path; switches T2 and T4 conduct complementaryly, adjusting the pulse width through switching actions. For example, in the negative half-cycle, T1 and T3 conduct to handle reverse current, while T2 and T4 alternately switch to change the output voltage amplitude. This design ensures smooth voltage transition throughout the entire sinusoidal cycle, avoiding shocks caused by polarity switching. Overall, the dual half-cycle operation of boost mode achieves stable boost regulation.

[0060] In buck mode, the second chopper circuit is in operation, while the first chopper circuit is inactive.

[0061] In buck mode, switches T3 and T4 are on, while switches T1 and T2 are off. This means the second chopper circuit is activated, and the first chopper circuit is deactivated. For example, when the input voltage is higher than 220V, the system enters buck mode, and the second chopper circuit dominates the processing of the input signal. The on state of T3 and T4 provides a low-loss path, while the off state of T1 and T2 optimizes efficiency. This state prepares for the positive and negative half-cycle operation of buck mode.

[0062] In buck mode, when the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle of the sine wave, switches T6 and T8 remain on, while switches T5 and T7 are complementary in conduction.

[0063] For the positive half-cycle operation of the buck mode: "Switches T6 and T8 remain on" to ensure loop continuity; "Switches T5 and T7 conduct complementaryly" to regulate the pulse width voltage through switching. For example, in the positive half-cycle, T6 and T8 conduct to maintain current, while T5 and T7 switch at high frequency to reduce the voltage amplitude. Complementary conduction avoids shoot-through faults and achieves precise bucking. The overall procedure supports rapid adjustment when the input voltage is too high.

[0064] In buck mode, when the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle of the sine wave, switches T5 and T7 remain on, while switches T6 and T8 are complementary on.

[0065] For the negative half-cycle operation of the buck mode: switches T5 and T7 remain on to handle reverse current; switches T6 and T8 are complementary in conduction to adjust the pulse width. For example, in the negative half-cycle, T5 and T7 provide a stable path, while T6 and T8 switch to change the output voltage. This operation ensures a smooth buck in the negative half-cycle and works in conjunction with the positive half-cycle to achieve full-cycle stability.

[0066] To verify the effectiveness of this implementation method, a bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator circuit was built based on the MATLAB / SIMULINK simulation platform. The test parameters used in the simulation are shown in Table 1 below:

[0067] Table 1

[0068] Simulation parameters Parameter value Input voltage RMS value (0~0.02s) 220V Input voltage RMS value (0.02~0.6s) 180V RMS input voltage (0.06~0.08s) 220V Simulation parameters Parameter value Input voltage RMS value (0~0.02s) 220V

[0069] The simulation process is as follows:

[0070] The input voltage is 220V when starting up in 0 seconds;

[0071] The input voltage drops to 180V in 0.02s, and the output voltage is regulated and stabilized at 220V within 0.01s, which is half a power frequency cycle.

[0072] The input voltage recovered to 220V in 0.06s, and the output voltage remained at 220V with almost no fluctuation.

[0073] The input voltage suddenly increases to 250V in 0.08s, and the output voltage is regulated and stabilized at 220V within 0.01s, which is half a power frequency cycle.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown in the simulation test, the voltage regulating device can complete voltage regulation within half a power frequency cycle, and the regulated voltage has good stability.

[0075] Furthermore, this application achieves a triple breakthrough through a dual-chop loop collaborative control mechanism, combined with a dynamic dead-time freewheeling strategy and real-time voltage compensation technology:

[0076] 1. After the input voltage is detected, the non-working circuit is quickly shut down, and the active circuit generates a reverse compensation voltage through complementary conduction;

[0077] First, the input voltage is detected in real time using a voltage sensor.

[0078] Upon receiving the input voltage value, the controller immediately determines the operating mode and quickly shuts down non-operating circuits while activating the corresponding circuits. For example, in boost mode, the system shuts down the second chopper circuit and activates the first chopper circuit. In buck mode, the system shuts down the first chopper circuit and activates the second chopper circuit.

[0079] During the positive half-cycle of boost mode, switches T2 and T4 remain on, while T1 and T3 conduct complementaryly, converting the input sine wave into a pulse-width voltage. During the negative half-cycle, T1 and T3 remain on, while T2 and T4 conduct complementaryly. This complementary conduction avoids shoot-through short circuits in the switches and simultaneously generates a reverse compensation voltage on the primary side of the transformer through an AC chopper circuit. The compensation amount is controlled by the duty cycle.

[0080] Similarly, in buck mode, the switching transistors in the second circuit achieve voltage regulation through complementary conduction.

[0081] 2. During the switching dead time period, T2 / T4, which remains on during the positive half-cycle, and the anti-parallel diode are used to construct a current freewheeling path, completely eliminating inductor spike overvoltage;

[0082] During the positive half-cycle of boost mode, switches T2 and T4 remain on. During the dead time, the anti-parallel diodes (D2 and D4) of these two switches are used to construct a freewheeling path: when T1 and T3 switch complementary conduction, the inductor current during the dead time flows through the anti-parallel diodes of T2 and T4, forming a low-impedance path to avoid overvoltage caused by sudden changes in inductor energy.

[0083] A similar mechanism is applied to other half-cycles and modes, such as in the negative half-cycle of boost mode, where T1 and T3 remain on, and the dead time period utilizes their anti-parallel diodes for freewheeling.

[0084] 3. By comparing the input and output voltage difference in real time, the duty cycle of the switching transistor is dynamically adjusted to control the transformer compensation.

[0085] The controller continuously acquires the output voltage and compares it with the input voltage to calculate the compensation voltage.

[0086] Based on this difference, the system dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the switching transistors (T1 to T8): if the compensation voltage is positive, the conduction time of the complementary conducting transistor in the activation circuit is increased, thereby increasing the voltage amplitude of the transformer primary side. If the compensation voltage is negative, the conduction time is reduced, thereby decreasing the voltage amplitude.

[0087] Duty cycle adjustment is achieved through PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) to ensure that the transformer compensation matches the requirements and stabilizes the output voltage at 220V.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, this application also provides a method for controlling a bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator, comprising:

[0089] S801, Obtain the input voltage;

[0090] Real-time monitoring of the input port voltage value of the bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator.

[0091] "Acquiring input voltage" refers to directly measuring the AC voltage signal at the input terminal using a voltage sensor or detection circuit. This signal is in the form of a standard sine wave, such as the 220V RMS voltage commonly found in power distribution networks. For example, during system startup, the voltage sensor continuously samples the input voltage waveform and transmits the data to the control unit for processing. This step is fundamental to subsequent mode decisions, ensuring the controller can respond according to actual input conditions and avoid equipment failure due to voltage anomalies. The acquisition process includes signal acquisition, filtering, and digitization to provide accurate voltage data.

[0092] S802. Determine the operating mode based on the input terminal voltage, wherein the operating mode includes boost mode and buck mode;

[0093] The operating mode of the regulator is determined based on the input voltage value.

[0094] The "operating mode" refers to either boost mode or buck mode, determined by comparing the input voltage with a preset reference value (e.g., 220V). For example, when the input voltage is below 220V, the system enters boost mode to compensate for insufficient voltage; when the input voltage is above 220V, the system enters buck mode to limit excessive voltage. This mode switching ensures the voltage regulator can dynamically adapt to input fluctuations, such as immediately activating boost mode when the voltage drops to 180V to prevent a drop in output voltage. The determination process includes voltage threshold judgment and mode switching command generation, ensuring efficient handling of different power grid anomalies.

[0095] S803. Obtain the sine wave period of the input terminal voltage;

[0096] Detect the period information of the sinusoidal waveform of the input voltage.

[0097] "Acquiring the sine wave period" refers to calculating the complete cycle time of the voltage waveform using a timing circuit or digital signal processor. For example, in a 50Hz power frequency system, the period is 20ms. For instance, the controller extracts the positive and negative half-cycle boundaries of the sine wave through zero-crossing detection or Fourier analysis to accurately divide the control period. This step provides a time reference for the switching transistor control, ensuring that the switching action is synchronized with the voltage phase and avoiding switching shocks caused by period misjudgment. The acquisition process includes period measurement and phase identification to support subsequent period-based switching transistor conduction control.

[0098] S804. Control the conduction state of the switching transistors T1 to T8 according to the operating mode and the sine wave period;

[0099] Based on the operating mode and sine wave cycle, the conduction state of all switching transistors is dynamically controlled to achieve voltage regulation. "Controlling the conduction state of the switching transistors" includes specific operations in boost and buck modes, which strictly follow the sine wave cycle. For example, in boost mode, the controller outputs a drive signal to turn on the switching transistors in a specific sequence; in buck mode, it switches to another sequence to ensure smooth operation throughout the entire cycle. This control mechanism utilizes the AC chopping principle to convert the input sine wave into a pulse-width voltage and avoids dead-time problems and prevents inductor overvoltage risks through complementary switching transistor conduction. The control process includes signal generation, drive circuit output, and switching transistor state management.

[0100] In boost mode, the switching transistors T7 and T8 are controlled to be in the on state, the switching transistors T5 and T6 are controlled to be in the off state, and the on state of the switching transistors T1, T2, T3, and T4 is controlled according to the sine wave period.

[0101] For boost mode, switches T7 and T8 are initially set to remain on, while switches T5 and T6 remain off. "Controlling switches T7 and T8 to be on" means that T7 and T8 remain on throughout the boost mode, providing a low-impedance current path; "Controlling switches T5 and T6 to be off" means that T5 and T6 are turned off to disable the second chopper circuit; "Controlling the on / off state of switches T1, T2, T3, and T4 according to the sine wave cycle" means adjusting the switching sequence of T1-T4 based on the sine wave cycle. For example, when the input voltage is normal, T7 and T8 are on to ensure circuit activation, while T5 and T6 are off to reduce losses; cycle control operates in both positive and negative half-cycles. This initial state setting optimizes efficiency and provides a stable foundation for subsequent switching. The control process includes drive signal allocation and timing coordination.

[0102] When the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle of the sine wave, the switching transistors T2 and T4 remain on, and the switching transistors T1 and T3 are complementary on.

[0103] In boost mode, it operates for the positive half-cycle.

[0104] In this context, "Switches T2 and T4 remain on" means they are on throughout the positive half-cycle, maintaining the main current path. "Switches T1 and T3 are complementary on" means T1 and T3 alternately switch according to the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, adjusting the pulse width voltage amplitude. For example, during the positive half-cycle of the input voltage sine wave, T2 and T4 conduct to ensure loop continuity, while T1 and T3 change their on-time in a high-frequency complementary manner (such as PWM control), thereby generating the required voltage on the primary side of the transformer. Complementary on-time prevents simultaneous off-circuit breakage, achieving precise voltage boost while avoiding peak overvoltage. The operation includes pulse width calculation and drive signal synchronization.

[0105] When the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle of the sine wave, the switching transistors T1 and T3 remain on, and the switching transistors T2 and T4 are complementary on.

[0106] Operating in boost mode for the negative half-cycle.

[0107] In this design, "Switches T1 and T3 remain on" means they are on throughout the negative half-cycle to handle reverse current; "Switches T2 and T4 conduct complementaryly" means T2 and T4 switch alternately to adjust the pulse width. For example, in the negative half-cycle, T1 and T3 conduct to form a stable path, while T2 and T4 operate complementaryly based on the modulation signal to change the output voltage. This design ensures smooth voltage transitions throughout the sinusoidal cycle, avoids inrush currents caused by polarity switching, and improves system stability. Operation includes negative half-cycle signal detection and switching timing adjustment.

[0108] In buck mode, the switching transistors T3 and T4 are controlled to be in the on state, the switching transistors T1 and T2 are controlled to be in the off state, and the on state of the switching transistors T5, T6, T7 and T8 is controlled according to the sine wave period.

[0109] For buck mode, switches T3 and T4 are initially set to remain continuously on, while switches T1 and T2 remain off. "Controlling switches T3 and T4 to be on" means that T3 and T4 are turned on throughout the buck mode, activating the first chopper circuit; "Controlling switches T1 and T2 to be off" means that T1 and T2 are turned off to disable part of the circuit; "Controlling the on / off state of switches T5, T6, T7, and T8 according to the sine wave cycle" means adjusting the switching sequence of T5-T8 based on the cycle. For example, when the input voltage is too high, T3 and T4 are on to provide a path, while T1 and T2 are off to optimize power consumption; the cycle control operates in both positive and negative half-cycles. The initial state ensures efficient circuit operation, supporting voltage reduction requirements. The control process includes mode switching and drive management.

[0110] When the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle of the sine wave, the switching transistors T6 and T8 remain on, and the switching transistors T5 and T7 are complementary on.

[0111] Operating in buck mode for the positive half-cycle.

[0112] In this context, "Switching transistors T6 and T8 remain on" means they are on throughout the positive half-cycle, maintaining current flow; "Switching transistors T5 and T7 are complementary on" means T5 and T7 alternately switch to adjust the pulse width. For example, during the positive half-cycle, T6 and T8 conduct to ensure circuit continuity, while T5 and T7 change their conduction time through complementary high-frequency switching, reducing the amplitude of the transformer primary voltage. Complementary on-time avoids switching conflicts, achieves precise voltage reduction, and prevents voltage fluctuations from affecting output stability. The operation includes pulse width modulation and timing control.

[0113] When the period of the sine wave corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle of the sine wave, the switching transistors T5 and T7 remain on, and the switching transistors T6 and T8 are complementary on.

[0114] Operating in buck mode for the negative half-cycle.

[0115] In this context, "Switches T5 and T7 remain on" means they are on throughout the negative half-cycle to handle reverse current; "Switches T6 and T8 conduct complementaryly" means T6 and T8 alternately switch to adjust the pulse width. For example, in the negative half-cycle, T5 and T7 conduct to form a stable path, while T6 and T8 operate complementaryly based on the modulation signal to adjust the output voltage. This operation, coordinated with the positive half-cycle, ensures a smooth voltage drop throughout the entire cycle, eliminating the impact caused by switching delay. The operation includes negative half-cycle detection and switching signal generation.

[0116] S805, Obtain the output voltage;

[0117] Monitor the voltage value at the output port of the regulator.

[0118] "Acquiring the output voltage" means using a voltage sensor to detect the AC voltage signal at the output terminal, such as a target output value of 220V RMS in standard applications. For example, the controller samples the output voltage waveform in real time and uses the data for dynamic adjustments. This step is fundamental to compensated control, ensuring the system responds to output changes and maintains voltage stability. The acquisition process includes signal acquisition and error processing.

[0119] S806. Determine the compensation voltage based on the output voltage and the input voltage;

[0120] Calculate the required compensation voltage value.

[0121] "Determining the compensation voltage" means subtracting the input voltage from the output voltage to obtain the compensation value, using the formula: Compensation Voltage = Output Voltage - Input Voltage. For example, when the input voltage is 180V and the output target is 220V, the compensation voltage is 40V; the controller adjusts the switching transistor accordingly to provide additional voltage gain. This direct subtraction ensures accurate compensation, rapid response to voltage anomalies, and prevention of overcompensation or undercompensation. The determination process includes voltage difference calculation and compensation value storage.

[0122] S807. Adjust the on-time and off-time of the switching transistors T1 to T8 according to the compensation voltage.

[0123] The switching timing of the switching transistors is dynamically adjusted based on the compensation voltage.

[0124] "Adjusting the on-time and off-time" refers to changing the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal to control the output voltage of the AC chopper circuit. For example, when the compensation voltage is positive (requiring a boost), the on-time of the switching transistor is increased to raise the voltage; when the compensation voltage is negative (requiring a buck), the on-time is decreased to lower the voltage. This adjustment achieves dynamic voltage regulation, changing the compensation voltage on the secondary side of the transformer by altering the pulse width, ensuring a stable output of 220V. The adjustment process includes duty cycle calculation, drive signal updating, and switching transistor control.

[0125] This application also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described above.

[0126] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the above-described method.

[0127] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and apply this application. Those skilled in the art will readily make various modifications to the above embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, this application is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made to this application based on the disclosure thereof should be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator, characterized in that, include: AC chopper circuit, filter circuit and transformer; The AC chopper circuit includes a first chopper circuit and a second chopper circuit; the first chopper circuit includes switching transistors T1, T2, T3, and T4: the emitter of switching transistor T1 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T2, the collector of switching transistor T2 is connected to the collector of switching transistor T3, and the emitter of switching transistor T3 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T4; the second chopper circuit includes switching transistors T5, T6, T7, and T8: the emitter of switching transistor T5 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T6, the collector of switching transistor T6 is connected to the collector of switching transistor T7, and the emitter of switching transistor T7 is connected to the emitter of switching transistor T8; The filter circuit includes an inductor and a capacitor: one end of the inductor is connected to the collector connection point of the switching transistors T2 and T3 in the first chopper circuit, one end of the capacitor is connected to the collector connection point of the switching transistors T6 and T7 in the second chopper circuit, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the other end of the capacitor. The primary side of the transformer with the same name is connected to the connection point of the inductor and the capacitor, and the primary side of the transformer with the other name is connected to the other end of the capacitor. In boost mode, the first chopper circuit is in operation and the second chopper circuit is inactive; in buck mode, the second chopper circuit is in operation and the first chopper circuit is inactive. In boost mode, switches T7 and T8 are on, while switches T5 and T6 are off. Furthermore, in boost mode, when the sinusoidal period corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle, switches T2 and T4 remain on, while switches T1 and T3 are complementary. When the sinusoidal period corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle, switches T1 and T3 remain on, while switches T2 and T4 are complementary. In buck mode, switches T3 and T4 are on, while switches T1 and T2 are off. Furthermore, in buck mode, when the sinusoidal period corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle of the sinusoidal wave, switches T6 and T8 remain on, while switches T5 and T7 are complementary. When the sinusoidal period corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle of the sinusoidal wave, switches T5 and T7 remain on, while switches T6 and T8 are complementary.

2. A method for controlling a bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator, characterized in that, The method, applied to the bipolar compensated dynamic voltage regulator of claim 1, comprises: Obtain the input voltage; The operating mode is determined based on the input voltage. The operating mode includes boost mode and buck mode: in boost mode, the first chopper circuit is in operation and the second chopper circuit is inactive; in buck mode, the second chopper circuit is in operation and the first chopper circuit is inactive. Obtain the sine wave period of the input terminal voltage; control the conduction state of the switching transistors T1 to T8 according to the operating mode and the sine wave period, including: When the operating mode is boost mode, the switching transistors T7 and T8 are controlled to be in the on state, the switching transistors T5 and T6 are controlled to be in the off state, and the on state of the switching transistors T1, T2, T3, and T4 is controlled according to the sine wave period; When the working mode is buck mode, the switching transistors T3 and T4 are controlled to be in the on state, the switching transistors T1 and T2 are controlled to be in the off state, and the on state of the switching transistors T5, T6, T7 and T8 is controlled according to the sine wave period. Obtain the output voltage; The compensation voltage is determined based on the output voltage and the input voltage. The on-time and off-time of the switching transistors T1 to T8 are adjusted according to the compensation voltage. In boost mode, switches T7 and T8 are on, while switches T5 and T6 are off. Furthermore, in boost mode, when the sinusoidal period corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle, switches T2 and T4 remain on, while switches T1 and T3 are complementary. When the sinusoidal period corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle, switches T1 and T3 remain on, while switches T2 and T4 are complementary. In buck mode, switches T3 and T4 are on, while switches T1 and T2 are off. Furthermore, in buck mode, when the sinusoidal period corresponding to the input voltage is the positive half-cycle of the sinusoidal wave, switches T6 and T8 remain on, while switches T5 and T7 are complementary. When the sinusoidal period corresponding to the input voltage is the negative half-cycle of the sinusoidal wave, switches T5 and T7 remain on, while switches T6 and T8 are complementary.

3. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method as described in claim 2.

4. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the method described in claim 2.

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