Photovoltaic panel regulation method and system with water and soil conservation function

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic panel adjusting method and system with water and soil conservation function, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic panel control. The technical scheme points comprise: obtaining ground surface parameters; obtaining an initial photovoltaic array according to the ground surface parameters; dividing the initial photovoltaic array into multiple cooperative units, obtaining a state matrix according to the state of each cooperative unit, the state including a shadow overlap rate and an ecological region illumination duration; updating the initial photovoltaic array according to the state matrix to obtain a photovoltaic array. The initial photovoltaic array is obtained through a wind erosion sensitive index, a sunlight illumination satisfaction degree and a soil erosion risk, so that the spacing of photovoltaic panels in the initial photovoltaic array can adapt to the characteristics of topographic wind erosion, ecological illumination and soil fixation and erosion resistance. The angle of the photovoltaic panels in the cooperative units is updated through the state matrix, further solving the problems of insufficient vegetation illumination and wind erosion, so that the photovoltaic array obtained after spacing setting and angle adjustment has the water and soil conservation function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic panel control technology, and more specifically to a photovoltaic panel adjustment method and system with soil and water conservation function. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction and operation of photovoltaic power plants, soil and water conservation is a key link in ensuring the sustainability of the ecological environment. The layout and adjustment of photovoltaic panels not only affect power generation efficiency, but are also closely related to soil erosion control and vegetation ecological maintenance in the project area. As the photovoltaic industry expands to complex terrains (such as hills, deserts and grasslands), photovoltaic arrays with fixed spacing and angles are difficult to cope with the effects of wind erosion and dynamic changes in sunlight in complex terrains. Adjustable-angle photovoltaic panels focus on maximizing the reception of solar radiation and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency by adjusting the angle, without considering the relationship between angle adjustment and soil and water conservation. Therefore, the existing technology has shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic panel adjustment method and system with soil and water conservation function, which enables the photovoltaic panel to have soil and water conservation function by adjusting the spacing and angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a method for regulating a photovoltaic panel with soil and water conservation functions, comprising:

[0006] Obtain surface parameters;

[0007] The initial photovoltaic array is obtained based on the aforementioned surface parameters;

[0008] The initial photovoltaic array is divided into multiple cooperative units, and a state matrix is ​​obtained based on the state of each cooperative unit. The state includes the shadow overlap rate and the illumination duration of the ecological zone.

[0009] The initial photovoltaic array is updated according to the state matrix to obtain the photovoltaic array.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, obtaining the initial photovoltaic array based on the surface parameters includes:

[0011] The wind erosion sensitivity index is obtained based on the surface parameters.

[0012] The first photovoltaic array is obtained based on the wind erosion sensitivity index and the reference spacing;

[0013] The solar irradiance satisfaction is obtained based on the first photovoltaic array and the surface parameters.

[0014] Based on the solar irradiance satisfaction and the first photovoltaic array, a second photovoltaic array is obtained;

[0015] Soil erosion risk is obtained based on the second photovoltaic array and the surface parameters;

[0016] An initial photovoltaic array is obtained based on the soil erosion risk and the second photovoltaic array.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the surface parameters include slope, aspect, and surface roughness, wherein the surface roughness includes photovoltaic installation roughness and native roughness. A wind erosion sensitivity index is obtained based on the surface parameters, including:

[0018] The slope aspect is determined based on the slope aspect and the prevailing wind direction, wherein the prevailing wind direction is determined according to the region.

[0019] The roughness term is obtained based on the photovoltaic installation roughness and the original roughness, wherein the photovoltaic installation roughness is obtained based on historical data;

[0020] The wind erosion sensitivity index is obtained based on the slope, roughness, and aspect terms.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the surface parameters include vegetation type, and the solar irradiance satisfaction is obtained based on the first photovoltaic array and the surface parameters, including:

[0022] The light intensity is determined based on the first photovoltaic array;

[0023] The vegetation light response function and the daily average light demand threshold are obtained based on the vegetation type.

[0024] The solar irradiance satisfaction is obtained based on the light intensity, the vegetation light response function, and the average daily light demand threshold.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the surface parameters include soil organic matter content, native surface natural erosion, and critical dust-lifting wind speed. Soil erosion risk is obtained based on the second photovoltaic array and the surface parameters, including:

[0026] Based on the soil organic matter content and organic matter correction coefficient, the organic matter correction term is obtained;

[0027] Based on the second photovoltaic array, the critical sand-raising wind speed, and the wind speed erosion index, the wind speed erosion term is obtained;

[0028] The soil erosion risk is obtained based on the organic matter correction term, the wind speed erosion term, and the original surface natural erosion amount.

[0029] As a further improvement of the present invention, updating the initial photovoltaic array according to the state matrix to obtain a photovoltaic array includes:

[0030] The angle of the cooperative unit is adjusted according to the shadow overlap rate in the state matrix to obtain the fourth photovoltaic array;

[0031] Based on the duration of sunlight in the ecological zone, the angles of the cooperating units in the fourth photovoltaic array are adjusted to obtain the photovoltaic array.

[0032] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle of the cooperative unit is adjusted according to the shadow overlap rate in the state matrix to obtain a fourth photovoltaic array, including:

[0033] The first cooperative unit to be adjusted is determined based on the shadow overlap rate and the first threshold.

[0034] The first iteration operation is performed according to the first adjustment coordination unit. The first iteration operation includes obtaining a first current adjustment angle according to the shadow overlap rate corresponding to the first adjustment coordination unit, the first threshold and the first initial adjustment angle, determining whether the first current adjustment angle meets the first termination condition, and if not, updating the first current adjustment angle until the first termination condition is met, and outputting the current first adjustment angle.

[0035] The fourth photovoltaic array is obtained based on the current first adjustment angle.

[0036] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle of the cooperating unit in the fourth photovoltaic array is adjusted according to the illumination duration of the ecological zone to obtain a photovoltaic array, including:

[0037] The second collaborative unit to be adjusted is determined based on the sunlight duration of the ecological zone and the second threshold.

[0038] The second iteration operation is performed according to the second coordination unit to be adjusted. The second iteration operation includes obtaining the current second adjustment angle according to the ecological zone illumination duration, the second threshold and the second initial adjustment angle corresponding to the second coordination unit to be adjusted, determining whether the current second adjustment angle meets the second termination condition, and if not, updating the current second adjustment angle until the second termination condition is met, and outputting the current second adjustment angle.

[0039] The photovoltaic array is obtained based on the current second adjustment angle.

[0040] As a further improvement of the present invention, updating the initial photovoltaic array according to the state matrix to obtain a photovoltaic array includes:

[0041] The fourth photovoltaic array is obtained based on the shadow overlap rate of adjacent cooperative units in the state matrix;

[0042] The photovoltaic array is obtained based on the ecological zone illumination duration of adjacent cooperative units in the fourth photovoltaic array.

[0043] This invention provides a photovoltaic panel regulation system with soil and water conservation function, comprising:

[0044] The data acquisition module is used to obtain surface parameters;

[0045] The monitoring module is used to obtain the wind erosion sensitivity index, sunlight satisfaction, and soil erosion risk based on the surface parameters.

[0046] The first arrangement module is used to obtain the initial photovoltaic array based on the surface parameters;

[0047] The calculation module is used to divide the initial photovoltaic array into multiple cooperative units and obtain a state matrix based on the state of each cooperative unit. The state includes the shadow overlap rate and the illumination duration of the ecological zone.

[0048] The second arrangement module is used to update the initial photovoltaic array according to the state matrix to obtain the photovoltaic array.

[0049] Before the photovoltaic panels are installed, the present invention obtains an initial photovoltaic array by considering the wind erosion sensitivity index, sunlight satisfaction, and soil erosion risk. This ensures that the spacing of the photovoltaic panels in the initial array is adapted to the characteristics of terrain wind erosion, ecological sunlight, and soil stabilization and erosion resistance. After the photovoltaic panels are installed, the angle of the photovoltaic panels in the collaborative unit is updated by updating the state matrix to further solve the problems of insufficient vegetation sunlight and wind erosion. This results in the photovoltaic array, after spacing setting and angle adjustment, having the function of soil and water conservation. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method steps of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of multiple coordinating units;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collaborative unit;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steps in the first iteration operation.

[0054] Figure labeling: 1. Photovoltaic panel; 2. Synergistic unit; 3. Vegetated area; 4. Shaded area. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than limitations thereof.

[0056] Identical parts are indicated by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific part, respectively.

[0057] The term "and / or" in the following text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Additionally, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a photovoltaic panel adjustment method with soil and water conservation function, including:

[0059] Obtain surface parameters;

[0060] The initial photovoltaic array is obtained based on surface parameters;

[0061] The initial photovoltaic array is divided into multiple cooperative units, and a state matrix is ​​obtained based on the state of each cooperative unit. The state includes the shadow overlap rate and the illumination duration of the ecological zone.

[0062] The initial photovoltaic array is updated based on the state matrix to obtain the photovoltaic array.

[0063] Specifically, before installing the photovoltaic panels, the ground surface parameters are first obtained. Then, the spacing between the photovoltaic panels is determined based on the ground surface parameters to obtain the initial photovoltaic array. The photovoltaic array consists of multiple photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic array is then divided into multiple cooperating units, such as... Figure 2 As shown, each collaborative unit includes multiple photovoltaic panels. This embodiment does not limit the number of collaborative units or the number of photovoltaic panels included in each collaborative unit; that is, this embodiment does not limit the number of photovoltaic panels included in each row and column of the initial photovoltaic array. However, in order to obtain the state matrix, it is necessary to ensure that the divided collaborative units can be represented by a matrix, such as... Figure 2 As shown, even if limited by the terrain or size of the set area ( Figure 2 (The terrain is not shown in the image). The number of photovoltaic panels in each row and column varies, but after dividing the collaborative area, a 2×2 matrix can be obtained. Figure 2Each dashed box identifies a collaborative unit, and each collaborative unit corresponds to an element in the state matrix. This element is a vector containing two values: shadow overlap rate and ecological zone illumination duration. For example, the number of photovoltaic panels in each collaborative unit can be set according to the terrain. For instance, for flat terrain such as plains, where the difference in illumination between photovoltaic panels is small and the shadow distribution is more uniform, a larger number of panels can be set within the collaborative unit, reducing the number of adjustments and improving efficiency. Conversely, for complex terrain such as hills, a smaller number of panels can be set to accommodate the differences in conditions. Then, a state matrix is ​​obtained based on the state of each collaborative unit, and the scheduling of photovoltaic panels in the initial photovoltaic array is adjusted according to the state matrix to obtain the final photovoltaic array.

[0064] The process of obtaining the photovoltaic array can be performed after installation. That is, after obtaining the initial photovoltaic array, it can be installed in a set area according to the determined spacing. Then, the cooperative units are divided and the status of each cooperative unit is obtained. Finally, the angle is adjusted according to the status to obtain the final illumination array.

[0065] In this embodiment, before installing the photovoltaic panels, the spacing of the photovoltaic panels in the initial photovoltaic array is determined by the surface parameters, so that the spacing of the photovoltaic panels in the initial photovoltaic array can be adapted to the characteristics of terrain wind erosion, ecological light and soil stabilization and erosion resistance. After the photovoltaic panels are installed, the angle of the photovoltaic panels in the collaborative unit is updated by the state matrix to further solve the problems of insufficient vegetation light and wind erosion, so that the photovoltaic array obtained after spacing setting and angle adjustment has the function of soil and water conservation.

[0066] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a step for obtaining a wind erosion sensitivity index based on surface parameters, including:

[0067] The slope aspect is determined based on the slope aspect and the prevailing wind direction, with the prevailing wind direction determined according to the region.

[0068] The roughness term is obtained based on the photovoltaic installation roughness and the original roughness. The photovoltaic installation roughness is obtained based on historical data.

[0069] The wind erosion sensitivity index is obtained based on the slope, roughness, and aspect terms.

[0070] Among them, the surface parameters include slope, aspect, and surface roughness. Slope aspect refers to the direction in which the slope faces. Surface roughness includes photovoltaic installation roughness and native roughness. Native roughness refers to the surface roughness of the set area before the photovoltaic panels are installed. Surface roughness reflects the surface's effect on wind speed reduction and its influence on wind and sand activity, and can be measured by instruments. Photovoltaic installation roughness refers to the surface roughness after the photovoltaic panels are installed. Since the photovoltaic panels are not yet installed at this time, the surface roughness after installation in the photovoltaic project can be obtained from the historical data of the photovoltaic project with the most similar terrain and climate conditions to the set area, and used as the photovoltaic installation roughness in this embodiment.

[0071] Wind erosion sensitivity index The specific formula is:

[0072]

[0073] in, For the slope term, Indicates slope, For slope aspect, The slope direction can be used as an example, with true north as 0°, and the measurement can be rotated clockwise (range 0°-360°). The prevailing wind direction can be determined based on the location of the specified area. For example, the prevailing wind in Northwest my country is from the northwest. , For roughness term, For photovoltaic installation roughness, For native roughness, , and These are the weighting coefficients, and the sum of the weighting coefficients equals 1. This represents the result after normalization, used to unify the dimensions of each term. This embodiment does not limit the normalization method. For example, when performing linear normalization, it is necessary to determine the interval range corresponding to each term to determine the maximum and minimum values. The range of values ​​is , To set the maximum slope for solar panels, this can be obtained through terrain limitations, preset standards, or historical data. The range of values ​​is , The range of values ​​is .

[0074] Specifically, this embodiment sets a wind erosion sensitivity index to quantify the impact of terrain on wind erosion. First, a slope term is set; the greater the slope, the stronger the airflow, and the more significant the wind erosion capacity. The angle between the slope aspect and the prevailing wind direction is used to measure the intensity of the airflow's effect on the slope. When the absolute value is closer to 0, meaning the slope aspect is closer to the prevailing wind direction, the airflow accelerates downhill, resulting in strong wind erosion across the entire slope. When the absolute value is closer to 1, meaning the slope aspect is closer to perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, the airflow impacts the slope, forming vortices; wind erosion is stronger in the lower and middle parts of the slope and weaker in the upper parts. When the absolute value is closer to 2, meaning the slope aspect is opposite to the prevailing wind direction, the airflow accumulates and slows down, resulting in weaker wind erosion. Clearly, as... As the slope increases, wind erosion weakens. Therefore, to measure the relationship between wind erosion intensity and the angle between the slope aspect and the prevailing wind direction, and for ease of normalization, this embodiment includes a slope aspect term. As wind erosion intensifies, the slope aspect ratio increases accordingly.

[0075] Furthermore, the original roughness comes from natural undulations (rocks, mounds, vegetation). When photovoltaic panels are installed, they replace the natural terrain, resulting in a smoother and more even surface. Additionally, the foundation equipment at the base of the support structure compacts the surface during installation, further reducing surface roughness. The lower the roughness of the photovoltaic installation, the better. The smaller the value, the smoother the surface, the easier it is for sand and dust to move, and the stronger the wind erosion effect. Therefore, this embodiment includes a roughness parameter. The greater the difference between the roughness of the photovoltaic installation and the original roughness, the greater the roughness term becomes. Therefore, as each term in the wind erosion sensitivity index increases, the value of the wind erosion sensitivity index also increases.

[0076] In this embodiment, the specific values ​​of the weighting coefficients are not limited. For example, since the core driving force of wind erosion is airflow velocity, the slope directly affects the acceleration or deceleration of the airflow. Therefore, the slope directly determines the magnitude of the wind erosion force. The aspect term reflects the angle of interaction between the airflow and the slope surface, indirectly affecting the wind erosion intensity by influencing the spatial distribution of wind erosion. Furthermore, both the slope and aspect terms are factors influenced by natural laws, making them more stable and universally applicable. The roughness term is a factor subject to human intervention, and in this embodiment, the photovoltaic installation roughness is an approximation based on historical data, resulting in a relatively large error. Therefore, it is possible to set... .

[0077] This embodiment integrates three factors: slope, aspect, and surface roughness. Through reasonable weight allocation, the influence of slope, aspect, and surface roughness on wind erosion is transformed into a wind erosion sensitivity index, which serves as the basis for subsequent spacing adjustments. This results in the final photovoltaic array being less affected by wind erosion and possessing better soil and water conservation capabilities.

[0078] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a step for obtaining solar irradiance satisfaction based on a first photovoltaic array and surface parameters, including:

[0079] The light intensity is determined based on the first photovoltaic array;

[0080] The vegetation light response function and daily average light demand threshold are obtained based on the vegetation type.

[0081] The solar irradiance satisfaction is obtained based on light intensity, vegetation light response function, and daily average light demand threshold.

[0082] Among them, surface parameters include vegetation type and sunlight satisfaction. The formula is:

[0083]

[0084] in, Indicates time, - The intervals between these periods represent the effective periods of sunlight, which can be obtained, for example, based on the region and season. It is 7:00. It is 18:00. To define a function relating light intensity to time for vegetation within a given area, specifically, after obtaining the first photovoltaic array, solar radiation simulation software such as PVsyst can be used. This involves inputting parameters such as the latitude and longitude of the area, altitude, atmospheric conditions, and the layout of the first photovoltaic array to simulate the light intensity at different times. A function can then be fitted using light intensity and time. The fitting formula based on the relationship between light intensity and time is a technical means that can be achieved by those skilled in the art, and will not be elaborated here. Furthermore, this embodiment does not limit the specific type of the formula (such as a linear function or an exponential function). The vegetation light response function reflects the efficiency with which vegetation converts received light energy into chemical energy (for photosynthesis) at different times. It can be determined experimentally, or, for some common vegetation such as sheepgrass and needlegrass, there are already well-established light response function models that can be used directly. This represents the daily average light demand threshold corresponding to the vegetation. Different vegetation types have different daily average light demand thresholds, which can be obtained through experimental measurement. Alternatively, for common vegetation types, the daily average light demand threshold that has been determined through experiments can be used directly.

[0085] Specifically, the function of light intensity versus time reflects objective light resources, while the vegetation light response function reflects the vegetation's utilization capacity. Therefore, this embodiment multiplies the function of light intensity with the vegetation light response function to obtain the actual light that the vegetation can utilize. This multiplication is then integrated to obtain the total light utilization within the effective light period. Integrating over the daily average light demand threshold yields the theoretical total light demand of the vegetation within the effective light period. Finally, the ratio of the two integral terms is taken as the daily light satisfaction rate. That is, the daily light satisfaction rate reflects the difference between the available light and the actual required light. Therefore, when... The closer the value is to 1 or greater than 1, the more reasonable the first photovoltaic array is, and the better it can meet the vegetation's light requirements.

[0086] This embodiment achieves a quantitative dynamic matching degree between light intensity and vegetation requirements through sunlight exposure. A low value indicates insufficient sunlight due to inadequate photovoltaic spacing, requiring the spacing to be increased. If the height is too high, the spacing can be appropriately reduced to achieve photovoltaic power generation without affecting vegetation growth, thus achieving a synergistic balance between photovoltaic power generation and the ecological needs of vegetation.

[0087] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a step for obtaining soil erosion risk based on a second photovoltaic array and surface parameters, including:

[0088] Based on the soil organic matter content and the organic matter correction coefficient, the organic matter correction term is obtained;

[0089] Based on the second photovoltaic array, the critical sand-lifting wind speed, and the wind speed erosion index, the wind speed erosion term is obtained;

[0090] Soil erosion risk is obtained based on organic matter correction term, wind speed erosion term, and native surface natural erosion amount.

[0091] The surface parameters include soil organic matter content, native surface natural erosion, and critical wind speed for sand lifting.

[0092] Specifically, soil erosion risk for:

[0093]

[0094] in, The amount of soil erosion on the original surface refers to the amount of soil lost per unit time and per unit area due to natural factors (mainly wind erosion and water erosion). It can be obtained by consulting regional soil erosion classification and grading standards, consulting historical data, or by experimental measurement before the installation of photovoltaic systems. Soil organic matter content can be determined experimentally (e.g., by potassium dichromate oxidation) or using a soil organic matter analyzer. This represents the organic matter correction coefficient, reflecting the degree of influence of soil organic matter content on soil erosion. For example, Geographic Information System (GIS) technology can be used to integrate multi-source information such as topographic data (e.g., slope, aspect), soil data (e.g., soil texture, organic matter content distribution), meteorological data (e.g., precipitation, wind speed), and vegetation data (e.g., vegetation cover, vegetation type) for a given area. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) can then be used to fit this equation. Furthermore, this embodiment considers that when the soil organic matter content is low, the soil aggregates are unstable and easily eroded by water flow or wind. As the soil organic matter content increases, the stability of the soil aggregates rapidly improves, and their resistance to erosion is significantly enhanced. However, once the soil organic matter content reaches a certain level, the effect of further increasing organic matter on improving the stability of soil aggregates gradually weakens. This aligns with the characteristic of an exponential function—a rapid initial change followed by a gradual plateauing. Therefore, this embodiment is based on an exponential function. .

[0095] The wind erosion index represents the amplification factor of wind speed on soil erosion. For example, when wind speed increases, the wind erosion index decreases. When, it means that the amount of erosion is proportional to the square of the wind speed. This indicates the critical wind speed for sand initiation, which is the minimum wind speed required for wind erosion to occur. and You can refer to relevant literature or determine based on wind tunnel tests. The actual wind speed can be obtained based on the Moning-Obukhoff similarity theory, specifically as follows:

[0096]

[0097] in, Indicates altitude, That is, at height The actual wind speed at that time For the wind speed corresponding to the reference height, this embodiment does not limit the value of the reference height. Those skilled in the art can set it according to the actual situation. For example, if there is a meteorological monitoring station or other wind speed monitoring equipment near the set area, the reference height can be consistent with the height of the monitoring equipment, and the wind speed monitored by the monitoring equipment can be obtained as the wind speed corresponding to the reference height. This indicates the reference height. Surface roughness is generally understood in two ways. One is from an aerodynamic perspective: due to the unevenness of the surface or the geometry of the terrain features, the point where the wind speed is zero on the wind speed profile is not at the surface (zero height), but at a certain height above the surface. This height is defined as surface roughness, also known as aerodynamic roughness. The other is mainly from a topographic perspective, defining roughness as the degree of unevenness of the ground. To avoid the influence of different dimensions, the first definition is used in the calculation of soil erosion risk, while the second definition is used in the calculation of the wind erosion sensitivity index.

[0098] Specifically, the original surface soil erosion is the baseline erosion before human intervention. However, human activities (such as agriculture) alter the soil's organic matter content. Therefore, this embodiment first considers the impact of soil organic matter content on the original surface soil erosion, and then... Considering the impact of wind speed on soil organic matter content, the design... The purpose of this ratio is to eliminate the influence of altitude and unify the relationship between wind speed and wind erosion. If the designated area has never been subject to human intervention, then this need not be considered. And because At that time, the actual wind speed will not cause wind erosion, therefore when At that time, there is no need to consider In summary, soil erosion risk is the coupled result of three independent components: the amount of soil erosion on the original surface, the influence of soil organic matter content, and the influence of wind speed. Therefore, the final soil erosion risk can be obtained through a multiplicative formula. , and The units are the same.

[0099] This embodiment determines the soil erosion risk by measuring the amount of soil erosion on the original surface, the soil organic matter content, and the wind speed. Then, it adjusts the spacing of the photovoltaic panels based on the soil erosion risk. This prevents the installed photovoltaic panels from causing the wind speed to accelerate in local areas due to the photovoltaic array being too dense, which would affect the soil structure and normal vegetation growth. As a result, the designated area after the photovoltaic panels are installed still has good soil and water conservation capabilities.

[0100] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a step for obtaining an initial photovoltaic array based on surface parameters, including:

[0101] The wind erosion sensitivity index is obtained based on surface parameters;

[0102] The first photovoltaic array was obtained based on the wind erosion sensitivity index and the reference spacing.

[0103] The solar irradiance satisfaction is obtained based on the first photovoltaic array and surface parameters;

[0104] Based on the solar irradiance satisfaction and the first photovoltaic array, the second photovoltaic array is obtained;

[0105] Soil erosion risk is obtained based on the second photovoltaic array and surface parameters;

[0106] The initial photovoltaic array is obtained based on the soil erosion risk and the second photovoltaic array.

[0107] Specifically, after obtaining the wind erosion sensitivity index, the first spacing is first determined based on the wind erosion sensitivity index and the reference spacing. for:

[0108]

[0109] in, The reference spacing can be set as follows: for example, the spacing of photovoltaic panels in historical photovoltaic projects corresponding to the photovoltaic installation roughness can be used as the reference spacing. According to The determined correction factor, because when A larger spacing indicates a higher risk of wind erosion; therefore, a smaller spacing should be used to increase surface roughness and block downslope airflow. Thus, the spacing can be set as follows: hour, ,when hour, ,when hour, ,in , ,Right now and There are two thresholds, when When the range exceeds the two thresholds, it needs to be determined according to... and Adjust the spacing. and For example, a proportional correction factor. , This embodiment does not limit the specific values ​​of the threshold and the proportional correction coefficient. Those skilled in the art can determine them based on the actual terrain of the set area or select them through wind tunnel experiments.

[0110] The photovoltaic panels are then arranged according to a first spacing to form a first photovoltaic array. Based on this array, the solar irradiance satisfaction is calculated. The arrangement step is not an actual installation; it can be simulated using PVsyst to obtain the solar irradiance satisfaction. Then, based on the sunlight irradiance satisfaction, the first spacing is further adjusted to obtain the second spacing. for:

[0111]

[0112] in, To adjust the coefficients, for example , The minimum spacing is determined based on the spacing requirements in the photovoltaic power station design specifications or the distance that operation and maintenance personnel can travel. The ratio of the minimum spacing to the first spacing is then denoted as... , The minimum sunlight requirement threshold for normal vegetation growth can be obtained by consulting literature or through light gradient experiments.

[0113] Specifically, when the sunlight satisfaction level is less than If the spacing between the photovoltaic panels is too large, resulting in excessive shading and hindering vegetation growth, then the spacing needs to be reduced. There is no need to adjust the first spacing based on sunlight satisfaction; the first spacing can be adjusted directly based on soil erosion risk.

[0114] Similarly, the photovoltaic panels are then arranged according to the second spacing to obtain the second photovoltaic array. Soil erosion risk is calculated based on the second photovoltaic array, which can also be obtained through PVsyst simulation. Then, the second spacing is further modified according to the light irradiance to obtain the third spacing. for:

[0115]

[0116] in, To adjust the coefficients, for example , The maximum spacing is determined based on the size of the set area or through lighting simulation experiments. The ratio of the minimum spacing to the second spacing is then recorded as follows: , The maximum permissible soil erosion threshold can be determined by requirements in local ecological protection regulations or calculated based on soil erosion models.

[0117] Specifically, when the spacing is too small, the higher the wind speed, the higher the erosion. Therefore, this embodiment further... Adjust the second spacing if No adjustment steps are required.

[0118] This embodiment takes into account that the wind erosion sensitivity index is determined based on the terrain, and the terrain determines the basic wind field, which is the basic premise for spacing design. Therefore, this embodiment first adjusts the spacing through the wind erosion sensitivity index, then updates the spacing from an ecological perspective to ensure reasonable vegetation needs, and finally adjusts the spacing through soil erosion risk. Under the premise of terrain adaptation and ecological protection, soil erosion is considered to ensure the long-term stability of photovoltaic installation projects.

[0119] It should be noted that the technical contribution of this application does not lie in the acquisition method of parameters (such as surface parameters, minimum spacing, and maximum spacing) in the steps of calculating wind erosion sensitivity index, solar radiation satisfaction, soil erosion risk, and adjusting spacing, but rather in constructing calculation formulas based on the parameters and adjusting the spacing of photovoltaic panels through the calculation results of the formulas. The acquisition method of each parameter given in this embodiment is only an example, and those skilled in the art can also obtain them in other ways, which is not limited in this embodiment. Furthermore, the spacing of photovoltaic panels in this embodiment includes the spacing in the four directions of up, down, left, and right of the photovoltaic panels, and corresponds to each photovoltaic array in this embodiment.

[0120] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a step for updating an initial photovoltaic array based on a state matrix to obtain a photovoltaic array, including:

[0121] The angle of the cooperative unit is adjusted according to the shadow overlap rate in the state matrix to obtain the fourth photovoltaic array;

[0122] Based on the duration of sunlight in the ecological zone, the angle of the cooperating unit in the fourth photovoltaic array is adjusted to obtain the photovoltaic array.

[0123] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, after each collaborative unit is divided, the ecological zone illumination duration and shadow overlap rate of each collaborative unit need to be updated every preset time, that is, the state matrix is ​​updated. Then, the angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted in real time through the real-time changing state matrix. The planar layout in each collaborative unit includes photovoltaic panels, vegetation areas and shadow areas. The vegetation areas are the gaps distributed between photovoltaic panels, and the shadow areas are the dark areas projected above the vegetation areas after the photovoltaic panels block the sunlight.

[0124] The duration of light in the ecological zone can be obtained by sensors. For example, multiple photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensors can be deployed in the vegetation area of ​​each collaborative unit to collect the light intensity at each sampling time. For each PAR sensor, the length of time during which the light intensity exceeds a preset value within a preset time is counted. Then, the average of the time lengths corresponding to each PAR sensor is taken as the duration of light in the ecological zone of that collaborative unit within the preset time.

[0125] When obtaining the shadow overlap rate, brackets and cameras can be installed near each or multiple collaborative units so that the cameras can cover the photovoltaic panels and vegetation areas within the collaborative unit or multiple collaborative units. Then, the shadow areas are identified based on the images captured by the cameras, and the ratio of the number of shadow area pixels to the number of image pixels in each collaborative unit is taken as the shadow overlap rate of that collaborative unit.

[0126] This embodiment, based on spacing adjustment, adjusts the angle by adjusting the shadow overlap rate and the duration of sunlight in the ecological zone. It disperses shadows in the spatial dimension to prevent local vegetation from withering due to long-term shading, and supplements sunlight in the temporal dimension to ensure the daily average sunlight needs of the ecological zone. This not only protects the photosynthetic conditions of vegetation and consolidates the soil ecological base, but also improves the survival capacity of vegetation by optimizing light distribution, indirectly reducing the risk of wind erosion, and realizing dynamic synergy between photovoltaic power generation and ecological protection.

[0127] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a step for updating an initial photovoltaic array based on a state matrix to obtain a photovoltaic array, including:

[0128] The fourth photovoltaic array is obtained based on the shadow overlap rate of adjacent cooperative units in the state matrix;

[0129] The photovoltaic array is obtained based on the illumination duration of the ecological zones of adjacent cooperative units in the fourth photovoltaic array.

[0130] Specifically, assuming that in the third photovoltaic array, the horizontal (same row) photovoltaic panels are arranged in an east-west direction, and the vertical (same column) photovoltaic panels are arranged in a north-south direction, the shadow overlap problem of the photovoltaic panels in the same row is affected by the solar azimuth angle. That is, the shadows of adjacent cooperating units in the same row will overlap and accumulate due to the east-west movement of the sun. Therefore, when the shadow overlap rate of adjacent cooperating units is greater than the threshold, the angle of the photovoltaic panels in the same row needs to be adjusted simultaneously. Specifically, when the shadow is on the east side, the east side of the photovoltaic panel needs to be raised and the west side lowered, and vice versa. At the same time, while adjusting the angle, images are continuously collected by the camera until the shadow overlap rate is less than or equal to the threshold.

[0131] Similarly, the units in the same column are arranged in a north-south direction. The solar altitude angle changes with latitude, which in turn affects the sunshine duration of the ecological zone. At this time, when the sunshine duration of the ecological zone of the adjacent cooperative units in the same column is greater than the threshold, and when the shadow is on the south side, the south side of the photovoltaic panel is raised and the north side is lowered. Conversely, when the shadow is on the north side, the north side of the photovoltaic panel needs to be raised and the south side lowered. At the same time, the sunshine duration of the ecological zone is continuously calculated while adjusting the angle until the sunshine duration of the ecological zone is less than or equal to the threshold. In this embodiment, the threshold for shadow overlap rate and sunshine duration of ecological zone is not limited. Those skilled in the art can determine it through factors such as terrain, time and season.

[0132] This embodiment optimizes the photovoltaic array from different dimensions. Horizontal adjustment focuses on the problem of overlapping shadows, effectively reducing the coverage of shadows on vegetation areas and ensuring that vegetation can obtain more uniform light in the horizontal area. This avoids the inhibition of vegetation photosynthesis due to excessive local shadows, thereby improving the survival rate and soil stabilization capacity of vegetation. Vertical adjustment focuses on solving the problem of insufficient light duration. When the light duration of the ecological zone in the same column is lower than the daily average requirement, the corresponding adjustment mechanism is triggered to supplement the light in the vegetation area, ensuring that the vegetation can meet the light duration required for its growth in the vertical area. The horizontal and vertical adjustment methods work together to ensure the stability of photovoltaic power generation efficiency while greatly improving the light conditions for vegetation growth, enhancing the stability of the ecosystem, and achieving a win-win situation for photovoltaic power generation and ecological protection.

[0133] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a step for adjusting the angle of the cooperative unit according to the shadow overlap rate in the state matrix to obtain a fourth photovoltaic array, including:

[0134] The first cooperative unit to be adjusted is determined based on the shadow overlap rate and the first threshold.

[0135] The first iteration operation is performed according to the first adjustment coordination unit. The first iteration operation includes obtaining the first current adjustment angle according to the shadow overlap rate, the first threshold and the first initial adjustment angle corresponding to the first adjustment coordination unit, determining whether the first current adjustment angle meets the first termination condition, and if not, updating the first current adjustment angle until the first termination condition is met, and outputting the current first adjustment angle.

[0136] Based on the current first adjustment angle, the fourth photovoltaic array is obtained.

[0137] Specifically, for each coordinating unit, firstly, based on its shadow overlap rate at the current moment, coordinating units with a shadow overlap rate greater than a first threshold are designated as the first coordinating units to be adjusted. This embodiment does not limit the value of the first threshold; those skilled in the art can set it according to terrain and seasonal factors. For example, for valleys where mainly shade-tolerant plants grow, the corresponding first threshold can be greater than the first threshold for flat terrain. The first initial adjustment angle is a preset angle, determined based on experience from historical data or through software simulation. For instance, a photovoltaic system simulation software (PVsyst) can be used to build an array model containing multiple photovoltaic panels. Different shadow overlap scenarios and different tilt angles can be set in the simulation software to simulate and analyze the shadow distribution of the photovoltaic array, the light conditions in the vegetation area, and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. Finally, an adjustment angle is selected that can effectively reduce the shadow overlap rate and meet the preset requirements for photovoltaic power generation within a preset percentage. The following description uses a first coordinating unit to be adjusted as an example.

[0138] First, adjust the angle of the first adjustable collaborative unit according to the first initial adjustment angle. If, after adjusting the angle, the shadow overlap rate of the first adjustable collaborative unit is less than or equal to the first threshold, then no further iteration steps are needed. If the shadow overlap rate of the first adjustable collaborative unit is still greater than the first threshold, it indicates that the angle adjustment angle is too small, and further iteration steps are needed to determine this.

[0139] Specifically, in the first iteration, the first current adjustment angle is obtained based on the shadow overlap rate, the first threshold, and the first initial adjustment angle corresponding to the first cooperative unit to be adjusted:

[0140]

[0141] in, Indicates the first The first current adjustment angle in the next iteration Indicates the first The first current adjustment angle in the next iteration, since at this time... Therefore, at this time = , indicating the first initial adjustment angle, For the first coordination unit to be adjusted in the first Current shadow overlap rate in the next iteration The first threshold is used as the basis for determining the shadow overlap rate of the first adjustable collaborative unit. Since the shadow overlap rate is still greater than the first threshold after adjustment based on the first initial adjustment angle, this embodiment amplifies the ratio of the excess shadow overlap rate to the first threshold. ,get It then determines whether the first termination condition is met. The first termination condition is that the current shadow overlap rate is less than or equal to a first threshold, or the effect coefficient is less than a preset value. The effect coefficient is specifically:

[0142]

[0143] in, According to The shadow overlap rate is collected at the next sampling moment after the angle is adjusted. Each iteration corresponds to a sampling moment, but not every sampling moment corresponds to an iteration. The effect coefficient is used to determine whether the shadow overlap rate after the angle adjustment is continuously getting closer to the target direction. If the effect coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset value, it means that the current angle adjustment method is effective and iteration can continue. If the effect coefficient is less than the preset value, it means that the method of changing the shadow overlap rate by adjusting the angle is ineffective and other strategies need to be adopted in time, such as turning on the light guide.

[0144] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a step of adjusting the angle of the cooperating unit in the fourth photovoltaic array according to the sunshine duration of the ecological zone to obtain the photovoltaic array, including:

[0145] The second coordinated unit to be adjusted is determined based on the duration of sunlight in the ecological zone and the second threshold.

[0146] The second iteration operation is performed according to the second coordination unit to be adjusted. The second iteration operation includes obtaining the current second adjustment angle based on the ecological zone illumination duration, the second threshold, and the second initial adjustment angle corresponding to the second coordination unit to be adjusted; determining whether the current second adjustment angle meets the second termination condition; if not, updating the current second adjustment angle until the second termination condition is met; and outputting the current second adjustment angle.

[0147] The photovoltaic array is obtained based on the current second adjustment angle.

[0148] Similarly, for each coordinating unit, firstly, based on the corresponding ecological zone illumination duration at the current moment, coordinating units with ecological zone illumination duration less than a second threshold are designated as the second coordinating units to be adjusted. This embodiment does not impose a limit on the value of the second threshold; for example, for shade-tolerant plants, the second threshold can be set to a smaller value. The second initial adjustment angle is also a preset angle, which can be determined based on experience from historical data or through software simulation. Finally, an adjustment angle is selected that can effectively increase the illumination duration by more than a preset percentage while meeting the preset requirements for photovoltaic power generation. The preset requirement is that the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic array in converting absorbed solar energy into electrical energy should be greater than a preset conversion efficiency. This embodiment does not impose a limit on the preset conversion efficiency; those skilled in the art can set it according to actual conditions. The following description uses a second coordinating unit to be adjusted as an example.

[0149] First, adjust the angle of the first coordinated unit to be adjusted according to the second initial adjustment angle. If, after adjusting the angle, the illumination duration of the ecological zone of the second coordinated unit to be adjusted is greater than the second threshold, then no further iteration steps are needed. If the illumination duration of the ecological zone of the second coordinated unit to be adjusted is still less than or equal to the second threshold, it indicates that the angle adjustment angle is too small, and further iteration steps are needed to determine this.

[0150] Specifically, in the first iteration, the first current adjustment angle is obtained based on the illumination duration of the ecological zone corresponding to the first cooperative unit to be adjusted, the second threshold, and the second initial adjustment angle. for:

[0151]

[0152] in, Indicates the first The first current adjustment angle in the next iteration Indicates the first The first current adjustment angle in the next iteration, since at this time... Therefore, at this time = , indicating the second initial adjustment angle, The duration of sunlight in the ecological zone of the second coordinated unit to be adjusted. The second threshold is used because, after adjustment according to the second initial adjustment angle, the illumination duration of the ecological zone of the second cooperative unit to be adjusted is still less than or equal to the first threshold. Therefore, this embodiment amplifies the ratio of the gap in the illumination duration of the ecological zone to the second threshold. ,get It then determines whether the second termination condition is met. The second termination condition is that the current light duration in the ecological zone is greater than a second threshold, or the effect coefficient is less than a preset value. The effect coefficient is specifically:

[0153]

[0154] in, According to The illumination duration of the ecological zone is collected at the next sampling moment after the angle is adjusted. The effect coefficient is used to determine whether the illumination duration of the ecological zone after the angle adjustment is continuously approaching the target direction. If the effect coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset value, it means that the current angle adjustment method is effective and it can continue to iterate. If the effect coefficient is less than the preset value, it means that the method of changing the illumination duration of the ecological zone by adjusting the angle is ineffective and other strategies need to be adopted in time.

[0155] In this embodiment, when the shadow overlap rate is large, the relationship between the photovoltaic panel angle and the shadow position is utilized. By adjusting the angle, the area of ​​the shadowed region is reduced, thereby reducing the shadow overlap rate and ensuring the survival and growth of soil-stabilizing vegetation. This reduces the risk of wind erosion from the source. Furthermore, when the sunshine duration in the ecological zone is insufficient, the sunshine duration of the photovoltaic panel is increased by adjusting the angle, achieving the goals of ecological sunshine protection, photovoltaic power generation, and soil and water conservation. Moreover, if a collaborative unit has both shadow overlap rate and sunshine duration issues, this embodiment considers that shadow overlap leads to local extreme lack of sunshine. Concentrated shadow coverage can directly cause interruption of vegetation photosynthesis, withering, or even death, resulting in more sudden ecological damage. On the other hand, insufficient sunshine duration is mostly a chronic cumulative lack of light, with progressive harm. Since sunshine duration is affected by latitude, and the latitude variation in the set area is small, the problem of shadow overlap rate needs to be addressed first. Furthermore, compared to the above-mentioned adjustment methods for entire rows or columns, the adjustment method based on a single coordinating unit is more suitable for situations where the terrain distribution within the same row or column in the set area is uneven, that is, it is suitable for situations where there are local differences between multiple coordinating units in each row or column. In contrast, the adjustment method for entire rows or columns is suitable for situations where the terrain where the photovoltaic array is located is relatively flat or requires rapid adjustment.

[0156] Furthermore, this application provides a photovoltaic panel regulation system with soil and water conservation functions, including:

[0157] The data acquisition module is used to obtain surface parameters;

[0158] The monitoring module is used to obtain the wind erosion sensitivity index, sunlight satisfaction, and soil erosion risk based on surface parameters;

[0159] The first arrangement module is used to obtain the initial photovoltaic array based on the surface parameters;

[0160] The calculation module is used to divide the initial photovoltaic array into multiple cooperative units and obtain a state matrix based on the state of each cooperative unit. The state includes the shadow overlap rate and the illumination duration of the ecological zone.

[0161] The second arrangement module is used to update the initial photovoltaic array according to the state matrix to obtain the photovoltaic array.

[0162] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic panel adjustment method and system with soil and water conservation function. Before the photovoltaic panel is installed, an initial photovoltaic array is obtained by considering the wind erosion sensitivity index, solar irradiance satisfaction, and soil erosion risk. This ensures that the spacing of the photovoltaic panels in the initial photovoltaic array is adapted to the characteristics of terrain wind erosion, ecological irradiance, and soil stabilization and erosion resistance. After the photovoltaic panel is installed, the angle of the photovoltaic panel in the collaborative unit is updated by updating the state matrix to further solve the problems of insufficient vegetation irradiance and wind erosion. This results in the photovoltaic array that, after spacing setting and angle adjustment, has soil and water conservation function.

[0163] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0164] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0165] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0166] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for regulating a photovoltaic panel with soil and water conservation functions, characterized in that, include: Obtain surface parameters; The initial photovoltaic array is obtained based on the aforementioned surface parameters; The initial photovoltaic array is divided into multiple cooperative units, and a state matrix is ​​obtained based on the state of each cooperative unit. The state includes the shadow overlap rate and the illumination duration of the ecological zone. The initial photovoltaic array is updated according to the state matrix to obtain the photovoltaic array; The initial photovoltaic array is obtained based on the surface parameters, including: The wind erosion sensitivity index is obtained based on the surface parameters. The first photovoltaic array is obtained based on the wind erosion sensitivity index and the reference spacing; The solar irradiance satisfaction is obtained based on the first photovoltaic array and the surface parameters. Based on the solar irradiance satisfaction and the first photovoltaic array, a second photovoltaic array is obtained; Soil erosion risk is obtained based on the second photovoltaic array and the surface parameters; An initial photovoltaic array is obtained based on the soil erosion risk and the second photovoltaic array; The surface parameters include vegetation type. The solar irradiance satisfaction is obtained based on the first photovoltaic array and the surface parameters, including: The light intensity is determined based on the first photovoltaic array; The vegetation light response function and the daily average light demand threshold are obtained based on the vegetation type. The solar irradiance satisfaction is obtained based on the light intensity, the vegetation light response function, and the average daily light demand threshold. The process of updating the initial photovoltaic array based on the state matrix to obtain the photovoltaic array includes: The angles of the cooperating units are adjusted according to the shadow overlap rate in the state matrix to obtain the fourth photovoltaic array; the angles of the cooperating units in the fourth photovoltaic array are adjusted according to the sunshine duration of the ecological zone to obtain the photovoltaic array. Alternatively, the fourth photovoltaic array can be obtained based on the shadow overlap rate of adjacent cooperating units in the state matrix; the photovoltaic array can also be obtained based on the ecological zone illumination duration of adjacent cooperating units in the fourth photovoltaic array.

2. The photovoltaic panel adjustment method with water and soil conservation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface parameters include slope, aspect, and surface roughness. The surface roughness includes photovoltaic installation roughness and native roughness. A wind erosion sensitivity index is obtained based on these surface parameters, including: The slope aspect is determined based on the slope aspect and the prevailing wind direction, wherein the prevailing wind direction is determined according to the region. The roughness term is obtained based on the photovoltaic installation roughness and the original roughness, wherein the photovoltaic installation roughness is obtained based on historical data; The wind erosion sensitivity index is obtained based on the slope, roughness, and aspect terms.

3. The photovoltaic panel adjustment method with soil and water conservation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface parameters include soil organic matter content, native natural surface erosion, and critical dust-lifting wind speed. Based on the second photovoltaic array and the surface parameters, soil erosion risk is obtained, including: Based on the soil organic matter content and organic matter correction coefficient, the organic matter correction term is obtained; Based on the second photovoltaic array, the critical sand-raising wind speed, and the wind speed erosion index, the wind speed erosion term is obtained; The soil erosion risk is obtained based on the organic matter correction term, the wind speed erosion term, and the original surface natural erosion amount.

4. The photovoltaic panel adjustment method with soil and water conservation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle of the cooperating unit is adjusted according to the shadow overlap rate in the state matrix to obtain the fourth photovoltaic array, including: The first cooperative unit to be adjusted is determined based on the shadow overlap rate and the first threshold. The first iteration operation is performed according to the first adjustment coordination unit. The first iteration operation includes obtaining a first current adjustment angle according to the shadow overlap rate corresponding to the first adjustment coordination unit, the first threshold and the first initial adjustment angle, determining whether the first current adjustment angle meets the first termination condition, and if not, updating the first current adjustment angle until the first termination condition is met, and outputting the current first adjustment angle. The fourth photovoltaic array is obtained based on the current first adjustment angle.

5. A photovoltaic panel adjustment method with soil and water conservation function according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the sunlight duration of the ecological zone, the angles of the cooperating units in the fourth photovoltaic array are adjusted to obtain the photovoltaic array, including: The second collaborative unit to be adjusted is determined based on the sunlight duration of the ecological zone and the second threshold. The second iteration operation is performed according to the second coordination unit to be adjusted. The second iteration operation includes obtaining the current second adjustment angle according to the ecological zone illumination duration, the second threshold and the second initial adjustment angle corresponding to the second coordination unit to be adjusted, determining whether the current second adjustment angle meets the second termination condition, and if not, updating the current second adjustment angle until the second termination condition is met, and outputting the current second adjustment angle. The photovoltaic array is obtained based on the current second adjustment angle.

6. A photovoltaic panel regulation system with soil and water conservation function, characterized in that, The method for regulating a photovoltaic panel with soil and water conservation function as described in any one of claims 1-5 includes: The data acquisition module is used to obtain surface parameters; The monitoring module is used to obtain the wind erosion sensitivity index, sunlight satisfaction, and soil erosion risk based on the surface parameters. The first arrangement module is used to obtain the initial photovoltaic array based on the surface parameters; The calculation module is used to divide the initial photovoltaic array into multiple cooperative units and obtain a state matrix based on the state of each cooperative unit. The state includes the shadow overlap rate and the illumination duration of the ecological zone. The second arrangement module is used to update the initial photovoltaic array according to the state matrix to obtain the photovoltaic array.

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