Dynamic broadcast power control

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a source device may receive information associated with identifying link characteristics for a first communication link between the source device and a primary sink device or for a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary sink devices. The source device may transmit a broadcast signal to a set of primary and secondary sink devices using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Various aspects of this disclosure generally relate to wireless communications, as well as techniques and apparatus for dynamic broadcast power control. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / improved LTE is an enhanced set of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard released by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Multiple access technologies may also include New Radio (NR) 5G or 6G.

[0003] A wireless network may include several base stations (BSs), which may support communication for several user equipments (UEs). UEs may communicate with the BS via downlinks and uplinks. "Downlink" or "forward link" refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, while "uplink" or "backlink" refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As described in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B (NB), gNB, Access Point (AP), Radio Headend, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), New Radio (NR) BS, or 5G Node B.

[0004] The UE can use short-range wireless communication to operate with peripheral devices (PDs) (e.g., earphones, smartwatches). Short-range wireless communication enables wireless communication over relatively short distances (e.g., within 30 meters). The Bluetooth protocol is an example of a wireless technology standard used to exchange data over short distances using short-wavelength ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio waves from 2.4 GHz to 2.485 GHz. The Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol is used for communication with devices operating at low power. Various other short-range wireless communication technologies can operate in similar wavelengths, such as wireless local area network (WLAN) technology.

[0005] More specifically, the number of wireless devices operating in the Bluetooth wireless communication spectrum (using the BLE protocol or similar protocols, such as the "classic" or "legacy" Bluetooth protocol) is proliferating. In particular, the term "Bluetooth" typically refers to and defines a relatively short-range wireless communication protocol, with an operating range from a few meters to tens of meters. The Bluetooth specification includes various profiles defining the behavior associated with each communication endpoint to implement specific use cases. Several such use cases are envisioned in the Bluetooth specification, typically defined according to a protocol stack that facilitates and allows interoperability between endpoint devices from different manufacturers by enabling applications to discover and utilize services that other nearby Bluetooth devices may offer.

[0006] As the demand for short-range wireless communication technologies continues to increase, further improvements to Bluetooth and various other short-range wireless communication technologies remain useful. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a source device. The method may include: receiving and identifying information associated with link characteristics for a first communication link between the source device and a primary / destination device, or for a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary / destination devices. The method may include: transmitting a broadcast signal to the primary / destination device and the set of secondary / destination devices using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a primary and secondary device. The method may include: transmitting information associated with link characteristics indicating either a first communication link between a source device and the primary / secondary device or a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary / secondary devices. The method may also include: receiving a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to both the primary / secondary device and the set of secondary / secondary devices.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a source device for wireless communication. The source device may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured individually or in any combination to: receive information associated with identifying link characteristics for a first communication link between the source device and a primary / destination device or for a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary / destination devices. The one or more processors may be configured individually or in any combination to: transmit broadcast signals to the primary / destination device and the set of secondary / destination devices using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a master-destination device for wireless communication. The master-destination device may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit information associated with link characteristics indicating a first communication link between a source device and the master-destination device or a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary-destination devices. The one or more processors may be configured to receive a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to the master-destination device and the set of secondary-destination devices.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication performed by a source device. When executed by one or more processors of the source device, the set of instructions causes the source device to: receive and identify information associated with link characteristics for a first communication link between the source device and a primary / destination device, or for a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary / destination devices. When executed by one or more processors of the source device, the set of instructions also causes the source device to: transmit a broadcast signal to the primary / destination device and the set of secondary / destination devices using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication performed by a primary and secondary device. When executed by one or more processors of the primary and secondary device, the set of instructions causes the primary and secondary device to: transmit information associated with indicating link characteristics for a first communication link between a source device and the primary and secondary device, or for a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary and secondary devices. When executed by one or more processors of the primary and secondary device, the set of instructions also causes the primary and secondary device to: receive a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to both the primary and secondary device and the set of secondary and secondary devices.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include units for receiving and identifying link characteristics associated with a first communication link between the apparatus and a primary / destination device, or with a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary / destination devices. The apparatus may also include units for transmitting broadcast signals to the primary / destination device and the set of secondary / destination devices using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include units for transmitting information associated with link characteristics indicating a first communication link between a source device and the apparatus, or a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary sink devices. The apparatus may also include units for receiving a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to the apparatus and the set of secondary sink devices.

[0015] All aspects are encompassed by methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication equipment, and / or processing systems, as fully described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and description and as illustrated by the drawings and description.

[0016] The foregoing has provided a fairly broad overview of the features and technical advantages of examples based on this disclosure in order to better understand the subsequent specific embodiments. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose as this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein (both their organization and manner of operation) and their associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each drawing in the accompanying drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and is not intended to define limitations of the claims.

[0017] While aspects are described in this disclosure by way of example, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The techniques described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or package arrangements. For example, some aspects can be implemented via integrated chip embodiments and other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial devices, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and / or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, and / or summers). The aspects described herein are intended to be applicable in a variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user devices of different sizes, shapes, and constructions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To gain a more detailed understanding of the foregoing features of this disclosure, a more specific description of the invention, briefly summarized above, can be obtained by referring to various aspects, some of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not intended to limit its scope, as the specification may allow for other equally valid aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of Bluetooth communication technology according to this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of how the Bluetooth protocol stack can be used to support one or more logical connections in accordance with this disclosure.

[0021] Figures 3A-3C This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of dynamic broadcast power control in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example process performed by a source device, for example, according to this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a host device, according to the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating examples of wireless communication systems according to various aspects of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The various aspects of this disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatus or methods practiced using structures, functions, or structures and functions other than or different from the aspects of this disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0028] In unicast isochronous channels (such as Bluetooth audio channels), the source device (e.g., user equipment (UE)) and the destination device (e.g., an earphone set or speaker) can communicate on a control interface to implement transmit control. However, broadcast isochronous channels in which the source device transmits broadcast signals to multiple destination devices may lack a control interface, which may prevent the source device from performing a power control process. In this case, the source device can use a static value for the broadcast power level set by the source device's manufacturer.

[0029] Transmit power levels affect the range and / or power consumption of the source device in which it can successfully transmit to the set of destination devices (e.g., the range of signals transmitted by the source device and / or received and processed by the destination devices). Other power parameters, such as modulation and coding schemes or the amount of redundant data duplication provided to address lost packets, can also be statically configured. When the set of destination devices is relatively close to the source device, a static transmit configuration (e.g., static transmit power) may result in excessive power consumption. Alternatively, when the set of destination devices is relatively far from the source device, a static transmit configuration may result in insufficient range for successful transmission.

[0030] Some aspects described herein enable dynamic broadcast power control. For example, a source device can receive information identifying link characteristics for a broadcast link with a set of secondary sink devices or a unicast link with a primary sink device. As an example, the source device can receive information identifying link margins, such as Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Packet Error Rate, or Block Error Rate (BLER). As another example, the source device can receive information identifying a range (e.g., for a primary sink device or a set of secondary sink devices). Based at least in part on the information identifying link characteristics received, the source device can select a transmission configuration for transmitting broadcast signals. For example, the source device can select a transmission power level, modulation and coding scheme, redundancy version, or another parameter. Alternatively or additionally, the source device can dynamically update the transmission configuration when link characteristics change. Alternatively or additionally, the source device can receive information from the primary sink device that explicitly sets the transmission configuration, such as user selection of the transmission range for broadcast signals.

[0031] Based at least in part on dynamic settings that allow transmission configuration, source devices and / or one or more destination devices (e.g., the UE and / or one or more sets of earpieces, respectively) can conserve power resources and / or processing, network, and / or communication resources that might otherwise be consumed by transmitting signals with excessive power or processing signals with insufficient power. For example, by setting the transmission power high when the destination device is far away or interference is high, the source device can transmit to the destination device with a reduced error rate, which can save computational resources used for detecting and / or correcting communication errors, and thus reduce playback fidelity. Similarly, by setting the transmission power low when the destination device is near or interference is low, the source device can transmit to the destination device with reduced power, which can conserve power resources and extend battery life without adversely affecting playback fidelity.

[0032] Several aspects of a telecommunications system will now be described with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various frames, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0033] While the aspects may be described herein using terms commonly associated with short-range wireless communication protocols, the aspects of this disclosure may be applied to other protocols or radio access technologies (RATs), such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT, 5G or New Radio (NR) RAT and / or RATs after 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0034] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example 100 of Bluetooth communication technology according to the present disclosure.

[0035] More specifically, Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the relationship between the Bluetooth protocol stack 130 and the seven layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model 110, which establishes the OSI model 110 to standardize information transmission between points on the Internet or other wired and / or wireless networks. Specifically, the OSI model 110 typically divides the communication process between two points in a network into seven stacked layers, with each layer adding certain functionality. Each device processes messages such that downward flow through each layer occurs at the sending endpoint, and upward flow through each layer occurs at the receiving endpoint. The programming and / or hardware providing the seven layers of the OSI model 110 is typically a combination of device operating systems, application software, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP) and / or other transport and network protocols, and other software and hardware.

[0036] More specifically, see reference Figure 1 The OSI model 110 includes a physical layer 112 (OSI layer 1) for transmitting bit streams over a network at the physical level. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) subdivides physical layer 112 into the PLCP (Physical Convergence Process) sublayer and the PMD (Physical Medium Dependent) sublayer. Data link layer 114 (OSI layer 2) provides physical-level synchronization, performs bit stuffing, and provides transport protocol knowledge and management, among other things. IEEE subdivides data link layer 114 into two additional sublayers: a Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer for controlling data transmission to and from the physical layer, and a Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer for interfacing with network layer 116 (OSI layer 3), interpreting commands, and performing error recovery.

[0037] Network layer 116 (OSI layer 3) handles data transmission across the network in a manner independent of any medium and specific network topology (e.g., routing and forwarding), transport layer 118 (OSI layer 4) manages end-to-end control and error checking to reuse data transmission across the network according to application-level reliability requirements, and session layer 120 (OSI layer 5) establishes, coordinates, and terminates conversations, exchanges, and dialogues between applications to provide management and data flow control services.

[0038] Presentation layer 122 (OSI layer 6) converts incoming and outgoing data from one presentation format to another. This may include adding service structures to data units according to a common representation to provide data to application layer 124 (OSI layer 7), where application layer 124 is responsible for identifying communication partners, identifying quality of service (QoS), considering user authentication and privacy, identifying constraints on data syntax, and managing and managing communication between host applications.

[0039] Turning to the Bluetooth protocol stack 130, the radio frequency (RF) layer 132 typically corresponds to the physical layer 112 in the OSI model 110, the baseband layer 134 and the link manager protocol layer 136 typically correspond to the data link layer 114, and the host controller interface (HCI) 138 separates the RF layer 132, the baseband layer 134 and the link manager protocol layer 136 from the upper layers. For example, the physical layer 112 in the OSI model 110 manages the electrical interface to the communication medium, which includes modulation and channel coding, and therefore covers the Bluetooth radio in the RF layer 132 (and possibly a portion of the baseband layer 134), while the data link layer 114 manages transmission, framing and error control on a specific link, which overlaps with the tasks performed in the control areas of the link manager protocol layer 136 and the baseband layer 134 (e.g., error checking and correction).

[0040] Above HCI 138, the Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) 140, RF Communication (RFCOMM) Channel 142, Telephone Control Specification (TCS) 144, Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) 146, Audio / Video Distribution Transport Protocol (AVDTP) 148, Audio for Synchronous Connection (SCO) 150, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Audio 151 (e.g., Universal Audio Framework), Object Exchange (OBEX) 152, and TCP / IP 154 functions correspond to Network Layer 116, Transport Layer 118, and Session Layer 120. Application Layer 156 includes Bluetooth profiles (e.g., Hands-free Profile for Voice (HFP), Advanced Audio Distribution Profile for High-Quality Audio Streaming (A2DP), Video Distribution Profile for Video Streaming (VDP), etc.) and corresponds to Presentation Layer 122 and Application Layer 124 in the OSI model 110. Therefore, Bluetooth profiles can generally be considered synonymous with "application" in the OSI seven-layer model 110. Regarding Bluetooth HFP, RFCOMM channel 142 includes a communication channel called "Service Level Connection" ("SLC") (not shown), which simulates a serial port for further communication between the audio gateway (AG) device and the hands-free (HF) device. For voice audio connections, such as in Bluetooth HFP, a separate baseband link called the SCO channel carries the voice data. Figure 1 This is represented as SCO Audio 150. For A2DP, audio data (which can be mono or stereo unidirectional high-quality audio content) passes through AVDTP148, which in turn passes through L2CAP 140. At the radio level, all L2CAP 140 data flows on the logical link, as will be referred to below. Figure 4 Further detailed description.

[0041] Bluetooth wireless technology systems typically come in two forms: Basic Rate (BR) and Low Energy (LE), with the former also including optional Enhanced Data Rate (EDR) alternating MAC and Physical (PHY) layer extensions. Both Bluetooth BR and BLE systems (e.g., Universal Audio Framework systems) include device discovery, connection establishment, and connection mechanisms. BLE systems include products designed to achieve lower current consumption, lower complexity, and lower cost compared to BR / EDR, and to support use cases and applications with lower data rates and lower duty cycles. The Bluetooth core system typically includes a host and one or more controllers, where the host is defined as a logical entity below the application layer 156 where the Bluetooth profile is implemented and above the HCI 138, while the controller is defined as a logical entity below the HCI 138. Depending on the aspects, Bluetooth-enabled devices typically have a master controller, which can be a BR / EDR controller including the RF layer 132, baseband layer 134, link manager protocol layer 136, and optionally including the HCI 138. Alternatively, the master controller can be an LE controller that includes an LE PHY, a Link Manager Protocol Layer 136, and optionally an HCI 138. In another alternative, the master controller can combine the BR / EDR portion and the LE controller portion into a single controller, in which case the controller is configured with only one Bluetooth device address shared between the combined BR / EDR and LE controller portions.

[0042] As indicated above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 1 As described.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation of using the Bluetooth protocol stack to support one or more logical connections in accordance with this disclosure.

[0044] For example, File Transfer Protocol (FTP) 202 provides a method for transferring files without data loss, which can include all file types, including binary and American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) text; Basic Imaging Profile (BIP) 204 establishes basic requirements for negotiating the size and encoding of image-related data; Serial Port Profile (SPP) 206 defines how to establish a virtual serial port and connect two Bluetooth-enabled devices; and RFCOMM 220 is a standard adopted for Bluetooth based on serial port emulation. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the Bluetooth protocol stack shown in Example 200 includes an L2CAP layer 228, which provides multiplexing (MUX) and demultiplexing (DEMUX) capabilities within the Bluetooth protocol stack. For example, L2CAP layer 228 can establish a Channel ID (CID) link to the MUX / DEMUX sublayer 238, where CID refers to a logical connection on L2CAP layer 228 between two devices serving a single application or a higher-level protocol. The MUX / DEMUX sublayer 238 can operate on the logical link provided by the baseband layer protocol. When data is received via the logical link, the HCI 240 transmits the lower-layer protocol to the host device (e.g., a Bluetooth-enabled laptop or mobile phone). The HCI 240 thus represents a command interface to the baseband controller and provides unified access to the baseband capabilities of the Bluetooth radio unit 244.

[0045] In both Bluetooth BR / EDR and BLE implementations, the Bluetooth radio unit 244 operates in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM band. In the BLE implementation, a frequency-hopping transceiver is used to combat interference and fading, and multiple frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) carriers are provided. In BLE, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and / or time division multiple access (TDMA) schemes can be employed, and the physical channel is subdivided into time units (or "events") in which packets can be placed to transmit data between BLE devices. Typically, there are two event types: advertising events and connection events. The device that sends advertising packets on the advertising PHY channel is called the advertiser, and the device that receives advertising on the advertising channel without intending to connect to the advertising device is called the scanner. Transmissions on the advertising PHY channel occur during advertising events, where at the beginning of each advertising event, the advertiser sends advertising packets corresponding to the advertising event type. Depending on the advertising packet type, the scanner can make a request to the advertiser on the same advertising PHY channel, and a response from the advertiser on the same advertising PHY channel can follow the request. Above the physical channel, links, channels, and associated control protocols are arranged in a hierarchical manner based on physical channels, physical links, logical transports, logical links, and L2CAP channels, as will be discussed below. Figure 4Further detailed description.

[0046] In Bluetooth BR / EDR and BLE implementations, the L2CAP layer 228 provides channel-based abstractions to applications and services. The L2CAP layer 228 segments and desegments application data and multiplexes / demultiplexes multiple channels over a shared logical link. In the BLE implementation, two additional protocol layers are provided above the L2CAP layer 228. Specifically, the Security Manager Protocol (SMP) 216 uses a fixed L2CAP channel to implement security functions between devices, and the Attribute Protocol (ATT) 214 provides a method for transmitting small amounts of data over a fixed L2CAP channel. Devices also use the ATT protocol 214 to determine the services and capabilities associated with other devices. The ATT protocol 214 also depends on the Generic Access Profile (GAP) 210, which provides the foundation for all other profiles and defines how two Bluetooth-enabled devices discover each other and establish a connection. The General Attributes (GATT) profile 212 is built on top of the ATT protocol 214 and defines a service framework for using the ATT protocol 214 based on the procedures, formats, and characteristics associated with certain services (e.g., discovery, reading, writing, notification, and indication characteristics, configuration broadcast characteristics, etc.). Typically, GAP 210, GATT profile 212, and ATT protocol 214 are not transport-specific and can be used in both Bluetooth BR / EDR and BLE implementations. However, a BLE implementation is required to implement GATT profile 212 and ATT protocol 214 because GATT profile 212 is used for discovering services in Bluetooth LE.

[0047] As indicated above, Figure 2 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 2 As described.

[0048] Bluetooth technology can support isochronous (time-limited) data, which refers to information in a stream where each information entity is bound to previous and consecutive entries based on time relationships. Typically, isochronous data can be used in many applications, including audio transmission and time-limited data in mesh networks (e.g., televisions broadcasting audio to one or more users, music players sending personal audio, announcement systems broadcasting audio in airports, etc.).

[0049] Isochronous physical channels enable isochronous data to be transmitted via connection-oriented configurations (e.g., a one-to-one configuration where a source device transmits isochronous data to a destination device) or connectionless configurations (e.g., a one-to-many configuration where a source device broadcasts isochronous data to one or more destination devices). To receive isochronous data broadcast via one or more channels, a destination device first receives synchronization information broadcast via one or more advertisements and / or synchronization packets, and then synchronizes to frequency-hopping sub-events in one or more channels.

[0050] Broadcast isochronous channels can be established to enable a single source device to send data to multiple destination devices. For example, a UE can establish a broadcast isochronous channel to send streaming audio to multiple sets of earpieces, allowing multiple users to listen to streaming audio instead of a single set of earpieces for a single user, as is the case with a unicast isochronous channel. A first destination device that can receive broadcast signals and maintain a unicast control connection with the source device (e.g., for adjusting volume, pausing playback) can be referred to as a "primary destination device". One or more second destination devices that can receive broadcast signals but do not maintain a unicast control connection with the source device can be referred to as one or more "secondary destination devices".

[0051] In unicast isochronous channels, the source and destination devices can communicate on a control interface to implement transmit control. However, broadcast isochronous channels may lack a control interface, which could prevent the source device from performing power control procedures. In this case, the source device can use a static value for the broadcast power level, which can be provided by the source device manufacturer using power parameters (…). Advertising_TX_Power The transmit power level affects the range and / or power consumption of the source device in which it can successfully transmit to the set of destination devices (e.g., the range of signals transmitted by the source device and / or received and processed by the destination devices). Other power parameters, such as modulation and coding schemes or the amount of redundant data duplication provided to address lost packets, can also be statically configured. When the set of destination devices is relatively close to the source device, a static transmit configuration (e.g., static transmit power) may result in excessive power consumption. Alternatively, when the set of destination devices is relatively far from the source device, a static transmit configuration may result in insufficient range for successful transmission.

[0052] Some aspects described herein enable dynamic broadcast power control. For example, a source device can receive information identifying link characteristics for a broadcast link with a set of secondary sink devices or a unicast link with a primary sink device. As an example, the source device can receive information identifying link margins, such as Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Packet Error Rate, or Block Error Rate (BLER). As another example, the source device can receive information identifying a range (e.g., for a primary sink device or a set of secondary sink devices). Based at least in part on the information identifying link characteristics received, the source device can select a transmission configuration for transmitting broadcast signals. For example, the source device can select a transmission power level, modulation and coding scheme, redundancy version, or another parameter. Alternatively or additionally, the source device can dynamically update the transmission configuration when link characteristics change. Alternatively or additionally, the source device can receive information from the primary sink device that explicitly sets the transmission configuration, such as user selection of the transmission range for broadcast signals.

[0053] Based at least in part on dynamic settings that allow transmission configuration, source devices and / or one or more destination devices (e.g., the UE and / or one or more sets of earpieces, respectively) can conserve power resources and / or processing, network, and / or communication resources that might otherwise be consumed by transmitting signals with excessive power or processing signals with insufficient power. For example, by setting the transmission power to a high level when the destination device is far away or interference is high, the source device can transmit to the destination device with a reduced error rate, which can save computational resources used for detecting and / or correcting communication errors. Furthermore, this can reduce the likelihood of poor playback fidelity. Similarly, by setting the transmission power to a low level when the destination device is near or interference is low, the source device can transmit to the destination device with reduced power, which can conserve power resources and extend battery life without adversely affecting playback fidelity.

[0054] Figures 3A-3C This is a schematic diagram of example 300 related to dynamic broadcast power control according to the present disclosure. Figure 3A As shown, the source device 310 (e.g., UE) can communicate with the primary and secondary devices 320 (e.g., a first set of earbuds) and / or the secondary devices 330 (e.g., a set of second earbuds).

[0055] like Figure 3AAs further shown by reference numeral 350, source device 310 can receive information identifying link characteristics. For example, source device 310 can receive information indicating link headroom from primary / destination device 320 (e.g., via a control connection, such as a unicast connection). In this case, destination device 320 can determine the link headroom at least in part based on reference signals or other signals received from source device 310, and can send a report of the link headroom to source device 310. Alternatively or additionally, destination device 320 can send reference signals or other signals to source device 310, and source device 310 can determine the link headroom. Link headroom may include one or more parameters associated with the link (e.g., a unicast link between source device 310 and primary / destination device 320, or a broadcast link between source device 310 and destination devices 320 / 330). For example, link headroom may be at least in part based on RSSI, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), SNR, Packet Error Rate, BLER, or another metric.

[0056] Alternatively, when receiving information identifying link characteristics, the source device 310 can receive information about the identification range value. For example, the primary / secondary device 320 can receive a signal from the source device 310 and determine the distance between the source device 310 and the primary / secondary device 320. In this case, the primary / secondary device 320 can report the determined distance to the source device 310. Alternatively, the primary / secondary device 320 can send a signal to the source device 310, and the source device 310 can derive the distance to the primary / secondary device 320.

[0057] Alternatively, the host device 320 may provide user interaction elements (e.g., buttons) that capture user selections of power settings or range values, and may send indications of the user-selected power settings or range values ​​to the source device 310. Alternatively, the source device 310 may provide user interface elements (e.g., buttons on a screen) that capture user selections of power settings or range values.

[0058] like Figure 3AAs further illustrated by reference numerals 355 and 360, source device 310 can determine a transmission configuration and utilize that configuration to transmit a broadcast signal. For example, source device 310 can determine the power level for transmitting the broadcast signal (e.g., a Bluetooth signal) based at least in part on link characteristics. Alternatively or additionally, source device 310 can determine another parameter for the transmission configuration, such as the modulation type or the number of repetitions to be transmitted (e.g., to achieve lost data recovery at destination devices 320 / 330), and other examples. In this case, a broadcast signal can be transmitted to both primary destination device 320 and a set of secondary destination devices 330. In some aspects, the set of secondary destination devices 330 can be a passive receiver of the broadcast signal. Therefore, in some aspects, source device 310 can transmit a broadcast signal to a set of primary destination device 320 and zero (or more) secondary destination devices 330.

[0059] While some aspects are described in terms of Bluetooth audio, other types of broadcast signals can be envisioned, such as non-Bluetooth signals or Bluetooth video signals. Furthermore, while some aspects are described in terms of broadcast signals, other types of signals, such as broadband signals, can be envisioned.

[0060] In some aspects, source device 310 can dynamically set its transmission configuration based at least in part on link characteristics. For example, source device 310 can identify the transmission power (or another transmission parameter) based at least in part on the RSSI of the connection with primary and secondary devices 320, and can use this transmission power to transmit a broadcast signal for reception (e.g., by primary and secondary devices 320 and / or secondary device set 330). In some aspects, source device 310 can determine its transmission configuration based at least in part on default parameters. For example, source device 310 can (e.g., by a base station) configure or set a default transmission power for broadcast transmission, and can adjust the default transmission power at least in part based on link characteristics (e.g., increase or decrease by an offset value). In some aspects, source device 310 can use the default transmission power to transmit a first portion of the broadcast transmission, and can offset the default transmission power for the transmission of a second portion of the broadcast transmission (e.g., offset to a lower or higher transmission power). For example, primary and secondary devices 320 can receive the first portion of the broadcast transmission transmitted using the default static transmission power via a broadcast link and determine the signal strength. The primary and secondary devices 320 can report signal strength to the source device 310, which can dynamically change its default static transmit power to a new dynamic transmit power for transmitting the second part of the broadcast transmission. In this case, the primary and secondary devices 320 and the source device 310 can use an iterative process to implement transmit power control.

[0061] In some aspects, source device 310 can dynamically set the transmission configuration based at least in part on component link characteristics. For example, when primary and secondary devices 320 include multiple components (e.g., a left earbud component and a right earbud component), each component can be associated with a separate link characteristic. In this case, when source device 310 receives reports of a first link characteristic associated with a first component (e.g., the left earbud) and a second link characteristic associated with a second component (e.g., the right earbud), source device 310 can determine the transmission configuration based at least in part on the first link characteristic and / or the second link characteristic. In this case, source device 310 can combine multiple link characteristics (e.g., by averaging), or select link characteristics from multiple link characteristics (e.g., selecting a worse link characteristic, such as a link characteristic indicating a larger distance or a worse RSSI) to determine the transmission configuration.

[0062] In some respects, source device 310 can configure its transmission settings at least in part based on application characteristics. For example, when source device 310 is transmitting streaming audio related to streaming video being provided by source device 310 for display, source device 310 can choose a lower transmission power. In this case, users of destination devices 320 / 330 are likely to be crowded around source device 310 to watch the streaming video. Alternatively, when source device 310 is transmitting streaming audio but not streaming video (or transmitting streaming video that is being projected onto a larger display), source device 310 can choose a higher transmission power. In this case, users of destination devices 320 / 330 are unlikely to be crowded around source device 310 because there is no video to watch (or the video is being displayed via another display at another location). Alternatively, when the source device 310 is transmitting streaming audio to the Bluetooth speaker receiver set 320, the source device 310 may select a higher transmit power level compared to when it is transmitting streaming audio to a set of earbuds, because the speaker is more likely to be in a separate room to play the same audio compared to individual earbud users trying to listen to the same audio. In some aspects, when the source device 310 has a battery level below a threshold, the source device 310 may select a lower transmit power to conserve power resources. Alternatively, when the source device 310 determines (e.g., based at least in part on received control signaling) that the receiver 320 has a battery level below a threshold, the source device 310 may select a higher transmit power to reduce processing performed by the receiver 320 (e.g., for recovering dropped portions of broadcast transmissions), thereby conserving power resources at the receiver 320. Other types of application features, device features, or use case features for which transmit configurations can be set are conceivable.

[0063] In some respects, source device 310 can use a threshold minimum transmit power set to dynamically set the transmit configuration. For example, such as Figure 3B As shown, source device 310 can be configured with a first transmission configuration (“near setting”), a second transmission configuration (“medium setting”), and a third transmission configuration (“far setting”). In this case, each transmission configuration can be associated with one or more regions. For example, the first transmission configuration is associated with regions 1-3, the second transmission configuration with regions 2-3, and the third transmission configuration with region 3. Source device 310 can use the transmission configuration as the minimum transmission power (or minimum repetition or minimum modulation order type) and can adapt the actual transmission power based at least in part on the ranging determination of the primary and secondary devices 320. As a result, in the first transmission configuration, the first transmission power is used when the primary and secondary devices 320 are detected in region 1; the second transmission power is used when the primary and secondary devices 320 are detected in region 2; and the third transmission power is used when the primary and secondary devices 320 are detected in region 3. Conversely, in the second transmission configuration, the second transmission power is the minimum transmission power used in region 2, and the third transmission power is the increased transmission power used in region 3. In other words, in the first transmission configuration, the first transmission power is the minimum transmission power, and the second and third transmission powers are optionally used; conversely, in the second transmission configuration, the first transmission power is not used, the second transmission power is the minimum transmission power, and the third transmission power is optionally used. Similarly, in the third transmission configuration, the third transmission power is the minimum transmission power. This allows the source device 310 to set the minimum range at which all destination devices 320 / 330 can receive broadcast signals, but the source device 310 can increase this range when it is determined that the primary destination device 320 is within a larger range from the source device 310.

[0064] In some aspects, source device 310 can receive selections from multiple transmission configurations. For example, source device 310 can detect users who have disabled the automatic transmission configuration determination mode, and can detect manual user selections regarding transmission configurations. Figure 3CAs shown, source device 310 can be configured with a first transmission configuration (“near setting”), a second transmission configuration (“medium setting”), and a third transmission configuration (“far setting”). In this case, when source device 310 provides a user interface element that allows users to select transmission configurations, the user can choose from multiple transmission configurations to consider the expected distance from destination device 320 / 330 to source device 310. In this case, when source device 310 receives a selection for near setting, the transmission power is set to low. Conversely, when source device 310 receives a selection for far setting, the transmission power is set to high. In some aspects, source device 310 can switch between transmission configurations during broadcast transmission. For example, after broadcast transmission begins, source device 310 can receive a change in selection (e.g., from near setting to medium setting) and can change the transmission power of the broadcast transmission based on the change in selection. In this way, source device 310 can allow user selection and dynamic change of transmission power (or another transmission parameter), even if, for example, ranging is not configured.

[0065] As indicated above, Figures 3A-3C This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figures 3A-3C As described.

[0066] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example process 400 performed, for example, by a source device according to this disclosure. Example process 400 is an example in which a source device (e.g., source device 310 or wireless communication device 800) performs operations associated with dynamic broadcast power control.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, in some aspects, process 400 may include: receiving and identifying information associated with link characteristics for a first communication link between a source device and a primary / destination device or for a second communication link between a source device and a set of secondary / destination devices (box 410). For example, the source device (e.g., using...) Figure 6 The receiving component 602 and / or communication manager 606 depicted herein can receive information associated with identifying link characteristics for a first communication link between a source device and a primary / destination device or for a second communication link between a source device and a set of secondary / destination devices, as described above.

[0068] like Figure 4 As further shown, in some aspects, process 400 may include: transmitting a broadcast signal to a set of primary and secondary devices using a transmission configuration associated with link characteristics (box 420). For example, the source device (e.g., using...) Figure 6The transmitting component 604 and / or communication manager 606 described herein can use a transmitting configuration associated with link characteristics to transmit broadcast signals to a set of primary and secondary devices, as described above.

[0069] Process 400 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination thereof described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other aspects described elsewhere in this document.

[0070] In the first aspect, the link characteristics include at least one of the following: link margin metric, received signal strength indicator, signal-to-noise ratio, packet error rate, or ranging determination.

[0071] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the transmission configuration includes at least one of transmission power, modulation type, and repetition factor.

[0072] In the third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the transmission configuration is a second transmission configuration, and transmitting the broadcast signal includes: transmitting a first portion of the broadcast signal using the first transmission configuration, which is at least partially based on static parameters; and transmitting a second portion of the broadcast signal using the second transmission configuration, which differs from the first transmission configuration.

[0073] In the fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, process 400 includes: disabling the dynamic power control function; detecting the selection of a new transmission configuration; and switching from transmitting a broadcast signal using the transmission configuration to transmitting a broadcast signal using the new transmission configuration.

[0074] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the transmission configuration is based at least in part on application characteristics associated with the content of the broadcast signal.

[0075] In the sixth aspect, the broadcast signal is a Bluetooth broadcast signal, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects.

[0076] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the host and receiver equipment includes a first component and a second component, the first component being associated with a first link characteristic and the second component being associated with a second link characteristic.

[0077] In the eighth aspect, the transmission configuration is associated with at least one of the first link characteristics or the second link characteristics, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects.

[0078] In the ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the transmission configuration is based at least in part on the minimum transmission metric.

[0079] In the tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the transmission configuration is at least partially based on the battery power level.

[0080] In the eleventh aspect, the transmission configuration is based, at least in part, on the expected range, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects.

[0081] In the twelfth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the transmission configuration is selected from a plurality of configured transmission configurations.

[0082] In the thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, process 400 includes: detecting changes in link characteristics for the first communication link or the second communication link; and transmitting a broadcast signal using an updated transmission configuration that is at least partially based on the changes in link characteristics for the first communication link or the second communication link.

[0083] although Figure 4 An example box of process 400 is shown, but in some aspects, process 400 may include... Figure 4 The boxes depicted in the process 400 are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 400 may be executed in parallel.

[0084] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example process 500 performed, for example, by a host / destination device according to this disclosure. Example process 500 is an example in which a host / destination device (e.g., host / destination device 320) performs operations associated with dynamic broadcast power control.

[0085] like Figure 5 As shown, in some aspects, process 500 may include: sending information associated with indicating link characteristics for a first communication link between a source device and a primary / destination device or for a second communication link between a source device and a set of secondary / destination devices (block 510). For example, the primary / destination device (e.g., using...) Figure 7 The transmitting component 704 and / or communication manager 706 described above can transmit information associated with indicating link characteristics for a first communication link between a source device and a primary / destination device or for a second communication link between a source device and a set of secondary / destination devices, as described above.

[0086] like Figure 5As further shown, in some aspects, process 500 may include: receiving a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to a set of primary and secondary devices (box 520). For example, the primary and secondary devices (e.g., using...) Figure 7 The receiving component 702 and / or communication manager 706 described above can receive broadcast signals using a transmit configuration associated with link characteristics, the broadcast signals being broadcast to a set of primary and secondary devices, as described above.

[0087] Process 500 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination thereof described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other aspects described elsewhere in this document.

[0088] In the first aspect, the link characteristics include at least one of the following: link margin metric, received signal strength indicator, signal-to-noise ratio, packet error rate, or ranging determination.

[0089] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the transmission configuration includes at least one of transmission power, modulation type, or repetition factor.

[0090] In the third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the transmission configuration is a second transmission configuration, and receiving a broadcast signal includes: receiving the broadcast signal using a first portion of the first transmission configuration based at least in part on static parameters; and receiving the broadcast signal using a second portion of the second transmission configuration, which differs from the first transmission configuration.

[0091] In the fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, process 500 includes: disabling the dynamic power control function; detecting the selection of a new transmission configuration; sending an indication of the new transmission configuration to the source device; and receiving a broadcast signal using the new transmission configuration.

[0092] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the transmission configuration is based at least in part on application characteristics associated with the content of the broadcast signal.

[0093] In the sixth aspect, the broadcast signal is a Bluetooth broadcast signal, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects.

[0094] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the host and receiver equipment includes a first component and a second component, the first component being associated with a first link characteristic and the second component being associated with a second link characteristic.

[0095] In the eighth aspect, the transmission configuration is associated with at least one of the first link characteristics or the second link characteristics, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects.

[0096] In the ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the transmission configuration is based at least in part on the minimum transmission metric.

[0097] In the tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the transmission configuration is at least partially based on the battery power level.

[0098] In the eleventh aspect, the transmission configuration is based, at least in part, on the expected range, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects.

[0099] In the twelfth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the transmission configuration is selected from a plurality of configured transmission configurations.

[0100] In the thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, process 500 includes: transmitting information indicating changes in link characteristics for a first communication link or a second communication link; and receiving a broadcast signal using an updated transmission configuration based at least in part on the changes in link characteristics for the first communication link or the second communication link.

[0101] although Figure 5 An example box of process 500 is shown, but in some aspects, process 500 may include... Figure 5 The boxes depicted in the process 500 can be compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 500 can be executed in parallel.

[0102] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an example device 600 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 600 may be a source device (e.g., a UE), or a source device may include device 600. In some aspects, device 600 includes a receiving component 602, a transmitting component 604, and / or a communication manager 606 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, the communication manager 606 is combined with... Figure 8 The communication manager is described. As shown, device 600 can communicate with another device 608 (such as a host device) using receiving component 602 and transmitting component 604.

[0103] In some respects, device 600 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 3A-3C One or more operations described herein. Alternatively or concurrently, device 600 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as... Figure 4 The process is 400. In some aspects, Figure 6 The device 600 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the described source device. Alternatively or additionally, Figure 6 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 The description refers to implementation within one or more components. Alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented, at least partially, as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of that component.

[0104] Receiver 602 may receive communications from device 608, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 602 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 600. In some aspects, receiver 602 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding), and may provide the processed signal to one or more other components of device 600. In some aspects, receiver 602 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described source device includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0105] Transmitting component 604 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 608. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 600 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 604 for transmission to device 608. In some aspects, transmitting component 604 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding) on ​​the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to device 608. In some aspects, transmitting component 604 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described source device includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 604 may be co-located with the receive component 602 in a transceiver.

[0106] The communication manager 606 can support the operation of the receiving component 602 and / or the transmitting component 604. For example, the communication manager 606 can receive information associated with configuring the receiving component 602 to receive communication and / or the transmitting component 604 to transmit communication. Alternatively, the communication manager 606 can generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 602 and / or the transmitting component 604 to control the receiving and / or transmitting of communication.

[0107] The receiving component 602 can receive and identify information associated with link characteristics for a first communication link between a source device and a primary / destination device, or for a second communication link between a source device and a set of secondary / destination devices. The transmitting component 604 can transmit broadcast signals to the primary / destination device and the set of secondary / destination devices using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics.

[0108] Communication manager 606 can disable dynamic power control. Communication manager 606 can detect the selection of a new transmission configuration. Communication manager 606 can switch from transmitting broadcast signals using the current transmission configuration to transmitting broadcast signals using the new transmission configuration. Communication manager 606 can detect changes in the link characteristics of the first or second communication link. Transmission component 604 can transmit broadcast signals using an updated transmission configuration that is at least partially based on the changes in the link characteristics of the first or second communication link.

[0109] Figure 6 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In practice, different arrangements may exist. Figure 6 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, in Figure 6 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or in Figure 6 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Alternatively, in Figure 6 The component collection (one or more components) shown can perform actions described by [the following]. Figure 6 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0110] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an example device 700 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 700 may be a receiver device (e.g., a pair of Bluetooth earbuds or a Bluetooth speaker), or a receiver device may include device 700. In some aspects, device 700 includes a receiving component 702, a transmitting component 704, and / or a communication manager 706 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, the communication manager 706 is combined with... Figure 8The communication manager is described. As shown, device 700 can communicate with another device 708 (such as a source device) using receiving component 702 and transmitting component 704.

[0111] In some respects, device 700 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 3A-3C One or more operations described herein. Alternatively or concurrently, the apparatus 700 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as... Figure 5 The process is 500. In some aspects, Figure 7 The device 700 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination Figure 2 The described host device includes one or more components. Alternatively or in addition, Figure 7 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 The description refers to implementation within one or more components. Alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented, at least partially, as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of that component.

[0112] Receiver 702 may receive communications from device 708, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 702 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 700. In some aspects, receiver 702 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding), and may provide the processed signal to one or more other components of device 700. In some aspects, receiver 702 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described receiver device includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0113] Transmitting component 704 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 708. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 700 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 704 for transmission to device 708. In some aspects, transmitting component 704 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding) on ​​the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to device 708. In some aspects, transmitting component 704 may include combinations of... Figure 2The described receiver device includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 704 may be co-located with the receive component 702 in a transceiver.

[0114] The communication manager 706 can support the operation of the receiving component 702 and / or the transmitting component 704. For example, the communication manager 706 can receive information associated with configuring the receiving component 702 to receive communication and / or the transmitting component 704 to transmit communication. Alternatively, the communication manager 706 can generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 702 and / or the transmitting component 704 to control the receiving and / or transmitting of communication.

[0115] Transmitting component 704 can transmit information associated with link characteristics indicating a first communication link between a source device and a primary / destination device, or a second communication link between a source device and a set of secondary / destination devices. Receiving component 702 can receive a broadcast signal using a transmit configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to the primary / destination device and the set of secondary / destination devices.

[0116] Communication manager 706 can disable dynamic power control. Communication manager 706 can detect the selection of a new transmission configuration. Transmitting component 704 can send an indication of the new transmission configuration to the source device. Receiving component 702 can receive a broadcast signal using the new transmission configuration. Transmitting component 704 can send information indicating changes in link characteristics for a first or second communication link. Receiving component 702 can receive a broadcast signal using an updated transmission configuration at least in part based on changes in link characteristics for the first or second communication link.

[0117] Figure 7 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In practice, different arrangements may exist. Figure 7 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, in Figure 7 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or in Figure 7 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Alternatively, in Figure 7 The component collection (one or more components) shown can perform actions described by [the following]. Figure 7 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0118] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication device 800 according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0119] Figure 8 The wireless communication device 800 shown may correspond to source device 310 or destination device 320 / 330, include source device 310 or destination device 320 / 330, or be included in source device 310 or destination device 320 / 330. In some aspects, wireless communication device 800 may include one or more processors 804, one or more memories 806, housing 808, transmitter 810, receiver 812, antenna 816, signal detector 818, digital signal processor (DSP) 820, user interface 822, and bus 824. Alternatively, the functions associated with transmitter 810 and receiver 812 may be incorporated into transceiver 814. Wireless communication device 800 may be configured to communicate in a wireless network including, for example, base stations, access points, etc.

[0120] In some aspects, processor 804 may be configured to control operations associated with a wireless communication device, wherein processor 804 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU). Memory 806 may be coupled to processor 804, may communicate with processor 804, and may provide instructions and data to processor 804. Processor 804 may perform logical and arithmetic operations based on program instructions stored in memory 806. Instructions in memory 806 may be executable to perform one or more methods and processes described herein. Furthermore, in some aspects, processor 804 may include a processing system implemented using one or more processors, or a component of a processing system implemented using one or more processors. The one or more processors may be implemented using any one or more general-purpose microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSPs, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), controllers, state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware components, special-purpose hardware finite state machines, combinations thereof, and / or any other suitable entity capable of performing computations and / or manipulating information. In some aspects, the processing system may also include a machine-readable medium configured to store software, which can be broadly interpreted as including any suitable instructions, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms. Instructions may include code in source code format, binary code format, executable code format, and / or any other suitable format. When executed on one or more processors, the instructions cause the processing system to perform one or more functions described herein.

[0121] In some aspects, memory 806 may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), and / or any suitable combination thereof. Memory 806 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).

[0122] In some aspects, transmitter 810 and receiver 812 (or transceiver 814) can transmit and receive data between the wireless communication device and a remote location. Antenna 816 can be attached to housing 808 and electrically coupled to transceiver 814. In some implementations, the wireless communication device may also include multiple transmitters, multiple receivers, multiple transceivers, and / or multiple antennas (not shown). In some aspects, signal detector 818 can be used to detect and quantize the level associated with one or more signals received at transceiver 814. Signal detector 818 monitors such signals according to total energy, energy per subcarrier per symbol, power spectral density, and / or other methods. In some aspects, DSP 820 can be used to process signals, wherein DSP 820 can be configured to generate packets to be transmitted via transmitter 810 and / or transceiver 814. In some aspects, packets may include physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs).

[0123] In some aspects, user interface 822 may include, for example, a keypad, microphone, speaker, display, and / or other suitable interface. User interface 822 may include any element or component that communicates information to a user associated with a wireless communication device and / or receives input from the user.

[0124] In some respects, various components associated with the wireless communication device can be coupled together via bus 824, which may include, in addition to the data bus, a power bus, a control signal bus, and / or a status signal bus.

[0125] In some respects, wireless communication devices may also include Figure 8 Other components or elements not shown. One or more components associated with the wireless communication device may communicate with one or more other components associated with the wireless communication device via a unit that may include another communication channel (not shown) to provide, for example, input signals to the other components.

[0126] In some respects, although Figure 8Various individual components are shown, but one or more of the components shown may be combined or implemented together. For example, processor 804 and memory 806 may be embodied on a single chip. Processor 804 may additionally or alternatively include memory, such as processor registers. Similarly, one or more functional blocks or portions thereof may be embodied on a single chip. Alternatively, the functionality associated with a particular block may be implemented on two or more chips. For example, processor 804 may be used not only to implement the functions described above with respect to processor 804, but also to implement the functions described above with respect to signal detector 818 and / or DSP 820. In some aspects, wireless communication device 800 may be a source device or a destination device (e.g., a primary or secondary destination device).

[0127] In some aspects, the wireless communication device 800 includes: units for receiving and identifying information associated with link characteristics for a first communication link between the wireless communication device 800 and a primary / secondary device or for a second communication link between a source device and a set of secondary / secondary devices; and / or units for transmitting a broadcast signal to the primary / secondary device and the set of secondary / secondary devices using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics. In some aspects, the wireless communication device 800 includes: units for transmitting and indicating information associated with link characteristics for a first communication link between the source device and the wireless communication device 800 or for a second communication link between the source device and the set of secondary / secondary devices; and / or units for receiving a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to the wireless communication device 800 and the set of secondary / secondary devices. In some aspects, units for the wireless communication device 800 to perform the operations described herein may include one or more of, for example, a processor 804, a memory 806, a transmitter 810, a receiver 812, an antenna 816, a DSP 820, or a bus 824.

[0128] In some aspects, the wireless communication device 800 may include a communication manager. The communication manager may perform the following operations: receiving and identifying information associated with link characteristics for a first communication link between a source device and a primary / secondary device, or for a second communication link between a source device and a set of secondary / secondary devices; and transmitting a broadcast signal to the primary / secondary device and the set of secondary / secondary devices using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics. The communication manager may also perform the following operations: transmitting information associated with link characteristics for the first communication link between the source device and the primary / secondary device, or for the second communication link between the source device and the set of secondary / secondary devices; and receiving a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to the primary / secondary device and the set of secondary / secondary devices. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0129] As indicated above, Figure 8 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 8 As described.

[0130] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0131] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication performed by a source device, comprising: receiving and identifying information associated with link characteristics for a first communication link between the source device and a primary / destination device or for a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary / destination devices; and transmitting a broadcast signal to the primary / destination device and the set of secondary / destination devices using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics.

[0132] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein the link characteristics include at least one of the following: link margin measurement, received signal strength indicator, signal-to-noise ratio, packet error rate, or ranging determination.

[0133] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-2, wherein the transmission configuration includes at least one of transmission power, modulation type, or repetition factor.

[0134] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-3, wherein the transmission configuration is a second transmission configuration, and further comprising: transmitting a first portion of the broadcast signal using a first transmission configuration at least partially based on static parameters; and wherein transmitting the broadcast signal comprises: transmitting a second portion of the broadcast signal using the second transmission configuration, the second transmission configuration being different from the first transmission configuration.

[0135] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-4 further includes: disabling dynamic power control function; detecting selection of a new transmission configuration; and switching from transmitting the broadcast signal using the transmission configuration to transmitting the broadcast signal using the new transmission configuration.

[0136] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-5, wherein the transmission configuration is at least in part based on application characteristics associated with the content of the broadcast signal.

[0137] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-6, wherein the broadcast signal is a Bluetooth broadcast signal.

[0138] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-7, wherein the host and destination devices include a first component and a second component, the first component being associated with a first link characteristic and the second component being associated with a second link characteristic.

[0139] Aspect 9: The method according to aspect 8, wherein the transmission configuration is associated with at least one of the first link feature or the second link feature.

[0140] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-9, wherein the transmission configuration is at least partially based on a minimum transmission metric.

[0141] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-10, wherein the transmission configuration is at least partially based on the battery power level.

[0142] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 1-11, wherein the transmission configuration is at least partially based on a desired range.

[0143] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 1-12, wherein the transmission configuration is selected from a plurality of configured transmission configurations.

[0144] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-13 further includes: detecting a change in the link characteristics for the first communication link or the second communication link; and transmitting the broadcast signal using an updated transmission configuration at least in part based on the change in the link characteristics for the first communication link or the second communication link.

[0145] Aspect 15: A method of wireless communication performed by a primary and secondary device, comprising: transmitting information associated with link characteristics for a first communication link between a source device and the primary and secondary device or for a second communication link between the source device and a set of secondary and secondary devices; and receiving a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to the primary and secondary device and the set of secondary and secondary devices.

[0146] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 15, wherein the link characteristics include at least one of the following: link margin metric, received signal strength indicator, signal-to-noise ratio, packet error rate, or ranging determination.

[0147] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of Aspects 15-16, wherein the transmission configuration includes at least one of transmission power, modulation type, or repetition factor.

[0148] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 15-17, wherein the transmission configuration is a second transmission configuration, and further comprising: receiving the broadcast signal using a first portion of a first transmission configuration at least partially based on static parameters; and wherein receiving the broadcast signal comprises: receiving the broadcast signal using a second portion of the second transmission configuration, the second transmission configuration being different from the first transmission configuration.

[0149] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of Aspects 15-18 further includes: disabling dynamic power control; detecting the selection of a new transmission configuration; sending an indication of the new transmission configuration to the source device; and receiving the broadcast signal using the new transmission configuration.

[0150] Aspect 20: The method according to any one of aspects 15-19, wherein the transmission configuration is based at least in part on application characteristics associated with the content of the broadcast signal.

[0151] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of Aspects 15-20, wherein the broadcast signal is a Bluetooth broadcast signal.

[0152] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of Aspects 15-21, wherein the host and receiver devices include a first component and a second component, the first component being associated with a first link characteristic and the second component being associated with a second link characteristic.

[0153] Aspect 23: The method according to aspect 22, wherein the transmission configuration is associated with at least one of the first link characteristic or the second link characteristic.

[0154] Aspect 24: The method according to any one of aspects 15-23, wherein the transmission configuration is at least partially based on a minimum transmission metric.

[0155] Aspect 25: The method according to any one of aspects 15-24, wherein the transmission configuration is at least partially based on the battery power level.

[0156] Aspect 26: The method according to any one of aspects 15-25, wherein the transmission configuration is at least partially based on a range of expectations.

[0157] Aspect 27: The method according to any one of aspects 15-26, wherein the transmission configuration is selected from a plurality of configured transmission configurations.

[0158] Aspect 28: The method according to any one of aspects 15-27 further includes: transmitting information indicating a change in the link characteristics for the first communication link or the second communication link; and receiving the broadcast signal using an updated transmission configuration at least in part based on the change in the link characteristics for the first communication link or the second communication link.

[0159] Aspect 29: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1-28.

[0160] Aspect 30: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more aspects of aspects 1-28.

[0161] Aspect 31: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1-28.

[0162] Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods described in accordance with one or more of aspects 1-28.

[0163] Aspect 33: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more aspects of aspects 1-28.

[0164] The foregoing disclosure provides explanations and descriptions, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or modifications and variations may be derived from practice in the aspects.

[0165] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be interpreted broadly as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms, "software" should be interpreted broadly as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, etc. As used herein, processors are implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented in various forms of hardware and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not a limitation in any respect. Therefore, the operation and behavior of systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, as those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement systems and / or methods at least in part based on the descriptions herein.

[0166] As used in this article, depending on the context, “meeting the threshold” can refer to a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0167] Even if a specific combination of features is recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, such combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the aspects. Many of these features can be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or specifically disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of the aspects includes combinations of each dependent claim with each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase “at least one of” in the list of items refers to any combination of these items, including single members. For example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c or any other ordering of a, b, and c). Elements, actions, or instructions used herein should not be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items mentioned in combination with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include zero or more items and may be used interchangeably with “zero or more.” In cases where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” etc., are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B). Furthermore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on.” Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or” unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with “any” or “only one of”).

Claims

1. A source device for wireless communication, comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to: Receive and identify information associated with the link characteristics of a first communication link between the source device and the primary / destination device or a second communication link between the source device and the set of secondary / destination devices; as well as Using the transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, broadcast signals are sent to the primary and secondary destination devices.

2. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The link characteristics include at least one of the following: Link margin measurement. Received signal strength indicator Signal-to-noise ratio, Grouping error rate, or Distance determined.

3. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission configuration includes at least one of transmission power, modulation type, or repetition factor.

4. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The sending configuration is the second sending configuration, and Also includes: A first portion of the broadcast signal is transmitted using a first transmission configuration at least in part based on static parameters; and In order to send the broadcast signal, the one or more processors are configured to: The second transmission configuration is used to transmit a second portion of the broadcast signal, which is different from the first transmission configuration.

5. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: Disable dynamic power control; Detect the selection of the new transmission configuration; and Switch from sending the broadcast signal using the aforementioned sending configuration to sending the broadcast signal using the new sending configuration.

6. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission configuration is based, at least in part, on application characteristics associated with the content of the broadcast signal.

7. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The broadcast signal is a Bluetooth broadcast signal.

8. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The host / host equipment includes a first component and a second component. The first component is associated with the first link characteristic, and The second component is associated with the second link characteristics.

9. The source device according to claim 8, wherein, The transmission configuration is associated with at least one of the first link characteristic or the second link characteristic.

10. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission configuration is based, at least in part, on the minimum transmission metric.

11. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission configuration is at least partially based on the battery power level.

12. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission configuration is at least partially based on the expected range.

13. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The sending configuration is selected from a plurality of configured sending configurations.

14. The source device according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: Detecting changes in the link characteristics for the first communication link or the second communication link; and The broadcast signal is transmitted using an updated transmission configuration that is at least in part based on the changes in the link characteristics for the first or second communication link.

15. A host-destination device for wireless communication, comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to: Sending and indicating information associated with the link characteristics of a first communication link between the source device and the primary / destination device or a second communication link between the source device and the set of secondary / destination devices; as well as Receive a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to the primary and secondary destination devices.

16. The host / destination equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The link characteristics include at least one of the following: Link margin measurement. Received signal strength indicator Signal-to-noise ratio, Grouping error rate, or Distance determined.

17. The host / host equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The transmission configuration includes at least one of transmission power, modulation type, or repetition factor.

18. The host / host equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The sending configuration is the second sending configuration, and Also includes: The use of receiving the broadcast signal is based at least in part on a first portion of a first transmission configuration with static parameters; and In order to receive the broadcast signal, the one or more processors are configured to: The broadcast signal is received using a second part of the second transmission configuration, which is different from the first transmission configuration.

19. The host / host equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: Disable dynamic power control; Detect the selection of the new send configuration; Send an instruction for the new transmission configuration to the source device; and Receive the broadcast signal using the newly transmitted configuration.

20. The host / destination equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The transmission configuration is based, at least in part, on application characteristics associated with the content of the broadcast signal.

21. The host / destination equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The broadcast signal is a Bluetooth broadcast signal.

22. The host / destination equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The host / host equipment includes a first component and a second component. The first component is associated with the first link characteristic, and The second component is associated with the second link characteristics.

23. The host / dweller equipment according to claim 22, wherein, The transmission configuration is associated with at least one of the first link characteristic or the second link characteristic.

24. The host / host equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The transmission configuration is based, at least in part, on the minimum transmission metric.

25. The host / destination equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The transmission configuration is at least partially based on the battery power level.

26. The host / destination equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The transmission configuration is at least partially based on the expected range.

27. The host / host equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The sending configuration is selected from a plurality of configured sending configurations.

28. The host / host equipment according to claim 15, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: Send information indicating changes in the link characteristics for the first or second communication link; as well as Receive the broadcast signal using an updated transmission configuration that is at least in part based on the changes in the link characteristics for the first or second communication link.

29. A method for wireless communication performed by a source device, comprising: Receive and identify information associated with the link characteristics of a first communication link between the source device and the primary / destination device or a second communication link between the source device and the set of secondary / destination devices; as well as Using the transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, broadcast signals are sent to the primary and secondary destination devices.

30. A method for wireless communication performed by a host and a receiver device, comprising: Sending and indicating information associated with the link characteristics of a first communication link between the source device and the primary / destination device or a second communication link between the source device and the set of secondary / destination devices; as well as Receive a broadcast signal using a transmission configuration associated with the link characteristics, the broadcast signal being broadcast to the primary and secondary destination devices.

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