Efficient and green extraction method for active ingredients of sapindus mukorossi

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency green extraction method for active ingredients of sapindus mukorossi, and belongs to the technical field of plant extraction. According to the method, Chinese soapberry fruit peel is taken as a raw material, and active ingredients are extracted through a normal-temperature process comprising the steps of raw material pretreatment, enzyme synergistic primary extraction, hydrogen peroxide assisted dissolution extraction, sodium carbonate pH regulation secondary extraction and filtration detection, and the core is that cell walls of the fruit peel are destroyed by utilizing the synergistic effect of plant enzyme and hydrogen peroxide; and the solubility of the saponin is improved in combination with a weakly alkaline environment. High temperature is not needed, the retention rate of active ingredients reaches 92% or above, and the dissolution rate reaches 88% or above; only food-grade auxiliary agents are used, no chemical solvent is left, and filter residues are fully recycled; and compared with a high-temperature technology, the energy consumption is reduced by 65%, and the comprehensive cost is reduced by 20- The method fills the technical blank of'high efficiency-green-low cost 'extraction of the soapberry, is suitable for the fields of natural daily chemicals, medicines and the like, and has a remarkable industrialization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant extraction, and in particular to a highly efficient and green extraction method for the active ingredients of Sapindus mukorossi. Background Technology

[0002] The saponins in the pericarp of Sapindus mukorossi possess excellent surface activity, antibacterial properties, and biocompatibility, making them a core ingredient in natural cleansing, skincare, and plant-based pharmaceuticals. Current mainstream extraction technologies suffer from three major drawbacks: 1. High-temperature boiling technology: requires continuous heating at 80-100℃, which leads to the degradation of 30%-40% of heat-sensitive saponins, resulting in serious loss of activity, and energy consumption accounts for more than 25% of the total production cost; 2. Organic solvent extraction technology: Relies on chemical solvents such as ethanol and isopropanol. Although the extraction rate is high in the short term, the solvent residue level far exceeds the standard of natural products, and the solvent recovery process generates volatile pollutants. 3. Conventional room temperature extraction method: The saponin dissolution rate is less than 50% by simply soaking in water. It requires repeated extraction 3-4 times, which is time-consuming and results in low raw material utilization.

[0003] Existing technologies cannot simultaneously meet the three core requirements of "high activity retention, high extraction efficiency, and green environmental protection," and there is an urgent need for a new extraction solution that can overcome the above bottlenecks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to provide a highly efficient and green extraction method for active ingredients from Sapindus mukorossi that does not require high temperatures, leaves no chemical solvent residue, and achieves both high dissolution and retention rates of active ingredients, thereby solving the aforementioned problems.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: A highly efficient and green extraction method for the active ingredients of Sapindus mukorossi is based on a three-step synergistic process: "enzyme pretreatment - hydrogen peroxide dissolution - precise pH control". The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment: Select mature soapberry fruits, peel off the peel, remove the pit, insect-damaged and moldy parts, and then crush the peel into particles with a diameter of 3-6mm. This can increase the contact area and improve the dissolution efficiency. Set aside after preparation. Step 2: Primary extraction and enzyme synergy: Add the crushed peel and water to a sealed extraction tank at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2 (1 part by weight of Sapindus mukorossi peel and 2 parts by weight of deionized water). Stir and mix at room temperature (20-28℃), then add 5-10% plant enzymes (preferably 8% based on the total weight of the mixture). The plant enzymes contain protease and cellulase, which can initially decompose the cell walls of the peel. Soak in a sealed tank for 8-24 hours. Step 3: Hydrogen peroxide-assisted extraction: Add 5-15% (30%) food-grade hydrogen peroxide to the mixture from Step 2, based on the total weight of the mixture; gently oxidize and break down the cell wall fiber structure, promoting saponin release. After stirring evenly, soak in a sealed container at room temperature for 8-10 hours. Step 4: pH adjustment and secondary extraction: Use a 5% soda ash solution to adjust the pH of the system obtained in step 3 to 8.3-8.8. The weakly alkaline environment can increase the degree of dissociation of saponin molecules by 20%-30% and significantly increase the solubility. Continue to soak at room temperature in a sealed environment for 8 hours. Step 5: Filtration and index testing: The system is filtered using a 120-mesh nylon filter cloth, and the filtrate is collected. The filter residue is fruit peel fiber residue, which can be directly used to prepare organic fertilizer or biomass fuel, achieving zero waste. The filtrate index is tested: the specific gravity is controlled at 1.04-1.06 g / cm³, and the pH value is stable at 7.8-8.2. Once the standards are met, it is the finished product of Sapindus mukorossi active extract.

[0006] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this invention has the following significant advantages: High activity retention rate: The entire process is carried out at room temperature, avoiding the destruction of saponins by high temperatures, and the retention rate of active ingredients reaches more than 92%, which is 35%-45% higher than that of high-temperature boiling methods; Excellent extraction efficiency: Through the synergistic effect of enzymes and hydrogen peroxide, the saponin dissolution rate reaches more than 88%, which is 75% higher than the conventional water extraction method. Moreover, there is no need for repeated extraction, and the total time is shortened to 24-26 hours. Green and residue-free: It uses only water, food-grade hydrogen peroxide, soda ash and plant enzymes, without any chemical solvents. The residue test of the finished product shows "no organic solvents detected". The filter residue is fully recycled, achieving "zero pollution and zero waste". Low energy consumption: No heating equipment is required, reducing energy consumption by more than 65% compared to high-temperature cooking methods, while improving raw material utilization and reducing overall production costs by 20%-25%; Wide range of applications: The finished product can be directly used in natural shampoos, shower gels, and facial care products, and can also be used as a pharmaceutical intermediate in the research and development of antibacterial agents. Its safety and applicability are significantly better than existing technology products. Attached Figure Description

[0007] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a highly efficient and green extraction method for active ingredients from Sapindus mukorossi according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0008] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0009] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, a highly efficient and green extraction method for active ingredients from Sapindus mukorossi includes the following steps: 1. Take 15 kg of fresh soapberry pericarps, remove the pits and impurities, and crush them to a particle size of 4 mm; 2. Add 15kg of crushed fruit peel and 30kg of deionized water to the extraction tank, stir evenly at room temperature (25℃), add 3.6kg of plant enzyme (8% of the total weight of the mixture, which is 45kg), and soak in a sealed container for 8 hours. 3. Add 4.5 kg of 30% food-grade hydrogen peroxide, which is 10% of the total weight of the mixture (45 kg). Stir and soak in a sealed container at room temperature for 9 hours. 4. Adjust the pH of the system to 8.5 with a 5% sodium carbonate solution, and soak in a sealed container at room temperature for 8 hours; 5. Filter through a 120-mesh filter cloth, collect about 42 kg of filtrate and about 2.8 kg of filter residue, which can be used to prepare organic fertilizer; test the filtrate: specific gravity 1.05 g / cm³, pH 8.0, after meeting the standards, 42 kg of Sapindus mukorossi active extract is obtained.

[0010] Testing revealed that the total saponin content in the extract was 3.5%, the activity retention rate was 94%, and no organic solvent residue was detected, meeting the requirements of GB / T 35916-2023 "General Rules for Natural Plant Extracts".

[0011] Specifically, when using this invention, it should be operated under closed conditions as much as possible to reduce volatilization and contamination of raw materials. When adjusting the pH, soda ash solution can be added in batches and measured in real time to prevent excessive alkalinity from causing saponin degradation. The filter residue can be used to make organic fertilizer, achieving zero-waste production. The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are: high activity retention rate, operation at room temperature throughout the process to avoid damage to saponins by high temperatures, and an active ingredient retention rate of over 92%, which is 35%-45% higher than that of high-temperature boiling methods; superior extraction efficiency: through the synergistic effect of enzymes and hydrogen peroxide, the saponin dissolution rate reaches over 88%, which is 75% higher than that of conventional water extraction methods, and no repeated extraction is required, shortening the total time to 24-26 hours; green and residue-free: only water, food-grade hydrogen peroxide, soda ash, and plant enzymes are used, without any chemical solvents, and the residue test of the finished product shows "no detectable organic solvents", and the filter residue is fully utilized as a resource, achieving "zero pollution and zero waste"; low energy consumption and cost: no heating equipment is required, and energy consumption is reduced by more than 65% compared to high-temperature boiling methods, and the raw material utilization rate is improved, resulting in a 20%-25% reduction in overall production costs; wide range of applications: the finished product can be directly used in natural shampoos, shower gels, and facial care products, and can also be used as a pharmaceutical intermediate in the research and development of antibacterial agents, with significantly better safety and applicability than existing technology products.

[0012] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and green extraction method for the active ingredients of Sapindus mukorossi, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment: Select soapberry pericarps, remove impurities and crush them to a particle size of 3-6mm; Step 2: Primary extraction and enzyme synergy: Mix the crushed fruit peel with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2, add 5-10% of the total weight of plant enzymes at room temperature, and soak in a sealed container for 8-24 hours. Step 3: Hydrogen peroxide-assisted extraction: Add 30% food-grade hydrogen peroxide (5-15% of the total weight of the mixture) to the system from Step 2, and soak at room temperature in a sealed container for 8-10 hours. Step 4: pH adjustment and secondary extraction: Adjust the pH of the system from Step 3 to 8.3-8.8 with 5% soda ash solution, and soak at room temperature in a sealed environment for 8 hours; Step 5: Filtration and testing: Filter with a 120-mesh filter cloth and collect the filtrate; test the specific gravity of the filtrate to be 1.04-1.06 g / cm³ and the pH to be 7.8-8.

2. Once the standards are met, it is the finished product.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ambient temperature in steps 2, 3, and 4 is 20-28℃.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the amount of plant enzyme added is 8% of the total weight of the mixed system.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the amount of hydrogen peroxide added is 10% of the total weight of the mixed system, and the soaking time is 9 hours.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the pH value is adjusted to be between 8.5 and 9.

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