Multi-vehicle-type vehicle door flexible switching production island and vehicle door tool switching method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-vehicle-type vehicle door flexible switching production island and a vehicle door tool switching method, and relates to the field of automobile manufacturing. The multi-vehicle-type vehicle door flexible switching production island comprises a switching assembly and a welding assembly; the switching assembly comprises a two-position rotary table, a first four-position rotary table located at one end of the two-position rotary table and a second four-position rotary table arranged at the other end of the two-position rotary table in a mirroring mode, tool storage libraries are arranged on the two side edges of the two-position rotary table, and one side of the first four-position rotary table and one side of the second four-position rotary table are each provided with an operation supplementing mechanism and a line changing mechanism. The welding assembly comprises a center welding robot and a plurality of peripheral welding robots, the center welding robot is located in the center of the first four-position rotary table and the center of the second four-position rotary table, and the peripheral welding robots are located on the peripheries of the first four-position rotary table and the second four-position rotary table. According to the vehicle door tool, the vehicle door tools of various vehicle doors can be flexibly switched on the basis of position relation changes among the two-position rotary table, the first four-position rotary table and the second four-position rotary table, capital investment is reduced, and the productivity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automobile manufacturing, specifically to a production island and door tooling switching method for flexible switching of doors for multiple vehicle models. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the automotive industry and the accelerated iteration of vehicle models, the previous model of single-model, mass production is gradually being replaced, and the demand for flexible production is becoming increasingly prominent. This requires a production line to be able to adapt to production methods involving multiple models, small batches, and random switching. Among the four major processes in vehicle manufacturing, welding is the most difficult to achieve in terms of technical complexity. Currently, a production line can typically only be compatible with a limited number of vehicle models, especially in the production of key components such as doors, where it is difficult to flexibly switch between multiple models and different door types. From a cost perspective, frequent production line modifications and investments in specialized tooling are huge, severely diluting the profit per unit. From an efficiency perspective, insufficient model compatibility leads to rigid production scheduling, long changeover times, low equipment utilization, and difficulty in quickly responding to order demands, ultimately driving up overall manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a production island and door tooling switching method for flexible switching of doors for multiple car models. It can solve the technical problems in the prior art where traditional door production lines can usually only be compatible with a limited number of car models, making it difficult to achieve flexible switching of multiple car models and multiple doors, resulting in increased costs, low equipment utilization, and low production capacity.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a production island for flexible switching of doors across multiple vehicle models, comprising: The switching component includes a two-position turntable, a first four-position turntable located at one end of the two-position turntable, and a second four-position turntable mirror-displayed at the other end of the two-position turntable. Tooling storage is provided on both sides of the two-position turntable, and supplementary operation mechanism and line changing mechanism are provided on one side of the first four-position turntable and the second four-position turntable. The welding assembly includes a central welding robot and several peripheral welding robots. The central welding robot is located at the center of the first and second fourth turntables, and the peripheral welding robots are located on the periphery of the first and second fourth turntables.

[0005] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a door tooling switching method, implemented on a production island for flexible switching of doors across multiple vehicle models. The door tooling switching method includes: Based on the type and quantity of the production doors, the control switching components and welding components are partially or fully activated.

[0006] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one implementation, controlling the switching assembly and welding assembly to partially or fully start based on the type and quantity of the production doors specifically includes: Functional areas are equally divided around the outer periphery of the first and fourth turntables. The functional areas include a component loading area, a welding area, a welding area, and a motion area. The functional areas of the first and fourth turntables are arranged clockwise, and the functional areas of the second and fourth turntables are arranged counterclockwise. The welding areas of the first and fourth turntables and the welding areas of the second and fourth turntables face the second turntable. When N=4, the first four-position turntable and part of the peripheral welding robot are started; When N=6, start the first and fourth turntables, the second turntable, part of the peripheral welding robot and the center welding robot; When N > 6, start the first and fourth turntables, the second turntable, the second and fourth turntables, all peripheral welding robots, the tooling storage, and the center welding robot; Where N represents the number of different types of car doors produced.

[0007] In one implementation, the step of activating the first four-position turntable and part of the peripheral welding robot when N=4 specifically includes: The first and fourth turntables are set to rotate clockwise with each rotation angle being 90°, so that each time the first and fourth turntables rotate, each of the four working positions of the first and fourth turntables corresponds to a functional area. Install the same model of car door fixtures on the four workpieces of the first and fourth turntables; Rotate the first and fourth turntables so that the four working positions of the first and fourth turntables pass through the assembly area, the waiting area, the welding area and the motion area in sequence. When the working position is in the assembly area, the door parts are installed on the door fixture at the working position. When the working position is in the waiting area, no operation is performed on the door parts at the working position. When the working position is in the welding area, the peripheral welding robot located in the welding area is started to weld the door parts at the working position to make them into a whole. Then, the supplementary operation mechanism and the line changing mechanism pick up the door parts after welding and perform aerial repair welding and line changing. After all the door components on the four door toolings have been replaced, the first and fourth turntables rotate counterclockwise to return to their original positions.

[0008] In one implementation, the step of activating the first four-position turntable, the second-position turntable, part of the peripheral welding robot, and the center welding robot when N=6 specifically includes: Start the two-position turntable and set the rotation angle of the two-position turntable to 180° each time. The two-position turntable includes a first switching position and a second switching position. When the two-position turntable rotates, the first switching position and the second switching position are respectively aligned with the welding area of ​​the first four-position turntable. The first and second unloading fixtures to be unloaded on the first and fourth position turntables are calibrated, and the first unloading fixture is located in the welding area of ​​the first and fourth position turntables, and the second unloading fixture is located in the waiting area of ​​the first and fourth position turntables. Place the first tooling to be put into production on the first switching position, and switch the door tooling based on the empty state of the second switching position; Start the central welding robot located at the center of the first and fourth turntables.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of placing the first tooling to be put into production on the first switching position, and switching the door tooling based on the vacancy state of the second switching position, specifically includes: The second switching position is directly opposite the welding area of ​​the first four-position turntable. The first tooling to be unloaded is switched to the second switching position, and the working position of the first four-position turntable in the welding area is vacant. Rotate the two-position turntable 180° so that the first tooling to be put into production on the first switching position is rotated to the welding area facing the first four-position turntable and installed on the empty working position of the first four-position turntable located in the welding area. The first switching position is empty. At the same time, the second tooling to be put into production and the first tooling to be taken out of production are switched at the second switching position. Rotate the first four-position turntable 90° clockwise to move the second tooling to be removed from the line to the welding area and switch it to the empty first switching position. The first four-position turntable is currently in the empty working position of the welding area. Rotate the two-position turntable 180° so that the second tooling to be put online on the second switching position is facing the welding area, and switch it to the currently empty working position of the first four-position turntable. Remove the second tooling to be taken off the first switching position and store it. The peripheral welding robot and the center welding robot were activated.

[0010] In one implementation, the step of activating the first four-position turntable, the second four-position turntable, the second four-position turntable, all peripheral welding robots, the tooling storage warehouse, and the center welding robot when N > 6 specifically includes: The two front door fixtures of the first model are placed on the two opposite work positions of the first and fourth turntables, and the two rear door fixtures of the first model are placed on the two opposite work positions of the second and fourth turntables. The two front door fixtures of the second type of vehicle are placed on the other two opposite work positions of the first and fourth turntables, and the two rear door fixtures of the second type of vehicle are placed on the other two opposite work positions of the second and fourth turntables. The door fixtures of the other types of vehicles are placed in the fixture storage warehouse. Set the first and second turntables to rotate 180° or 90°, set the rotation angle of the second turntable to 90° or 180°, and coordinate with the tooling storage library to complete the switching of N types of door tooling. All peripheral welding robots and center welding robots are activated to weld the door fixtures located on the first and fourth turntables and the second and fourth turntables.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first and second fourth-position turntables are set to rotate 180° or 90°, and the rotation angle of the second-position turntable is set to 90° or 180°. This, combined with a tooling storage library, enables the switching of N types of door tooling, specifically including: Control the first and second fourth turntables to rotate synchronously by 180° or 90°, while the second turntable maintains its current posture; Control the first and second turntables to remain stationary or rotate one of them by 90°. The second turntable rotates 90° or 180° and works in conjunction with the tooling storage to complete the switching of N types of door tooling.

[0012] In one embodiment, controlling the first and second fourth-position turntables to rotate synchronously by 180° or 90°, while maintaining their current orientation, specifically includes: Install door fixtures for two different car models so that, in the initial state, the four door fixtures of the first car model are located on the same axis, and two of the door fixtures of the first car model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the first four turntable, respectively, while the other two door fixtures of the first car model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the second four turntable, respectively. Install the door components on the door fixtures located in the first and second turntable assembly areas, and control the first and second turntables to rotate 180° synchronously, so that the two door fixtures located in the assembly area can be rotated to the welding area for component welding and removal from the production line. At the same time, the two door fixtures originally located in the welding area can be rotated to the assembly area to install the door components. Control the first and second turntables to rotate 180° synchronously, so that the two door fixtures currently located in the assembly area can be rotated to the welding area for component welding, thereby completing the component welding of the four doors of the first model. Control the first and second fourth turntables to rotate synchronously by 90° so that the four door fixtures of the second model are located on the same axis, and two of the door fixtures of the second model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the first fourth turntable, respectively, while the other two door fixtures of the second model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the second fourth turntable, respectively. The first and second turntables are controlled to rotate 180° twice to complete the welding of the four doors of the second model.

[0013] In one implementation, the control of the first and second fourth-position turntables remains stationary or one rotates 90°, with the second turntable rotating 90° or 180°, and in conjunction with the tooling storage library, completes the switching of N types of door tooling, specifically including: Select the door fixture to be produced on the first or second turntable and place it in the welding area; Take the door tooling to be put into service from the tooling storage warehouse and place it in the first switching position of the two-position turntable; Rotate the two-position turntable 90° along the first direction so that the empty second switching position in the two-position turntable is directly facing the door fixture to be removed from the welding area, and switch the door fixture to be removed from the welding area to the second switching position; Rotate the two-position turntable 180° so that the door fixture to be put into service on the first switching position is rotated to an empty working position that is currently located in the welding area of ​​the first or second fourth-position turntable, and switch the door fixture to be put into service to the empty working position. The two-position turntable is rotated 90° along the second direction so that the door tooling to be removed from the production line on the second switching position is aligned with the tooling storage warehouse and stored. The first direction and the second direction are opposite.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: 1. Achieve highly flexible production: By coordinating the configuration of two-position turntables and two four-position turntables in the switching components, combined with tooling storage and line changing mechanisms, the system enables rapid and flexible switching of doors for multiple vehicle models and specifications. The production line can adapt to random mixed-flow production needs without large-scale modifications or long-term shutdowns, significantly improving the flexibility and response speed of the production system.

[0015] 2. Significantly Improved Production Efficiency and Equipment Utilization: The aforementioned layout allows for the parallel switching of door tooling and welding operations. While the welding robot is welding the door of the current vehicle model, the line-changing mechanism can pre-install the corresponding tooling fixtures for the next vehicle model on the turntable, greatly shortening the production line changeover time, reducing equipment waiting time, and thus effectively improving overall equipment utilization and production cycle time, ultimately increasing production capacity.

[0016] 3. Significantly reduce production costs: The production of multiple models can be covered by a single integrated production island, avoiding the huge investment required to build or make large-scale modifications to dedicated production lines for each new model or a small number of special orders, thus reducing fixed costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This application provides a production island layout structure diagram for flexible door switching across multiple vehicle models. Figure 2 A multi-layer process layout structure diagram of a production island for flexible switching of doors for multiple vehicle models is provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the functional area location in a door tooling switching method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A diagram illustrating the switching process when there are four types of car doors being produced, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 A diagram illustrating the switching process when there are six types of car doors being produced, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 In a door tooling switching method provided in this application embodiment, when the number of types of doors produced is greater than six, the initial layout position diagram of the door tooling is shown. Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the position changes of the first and second fourth turntables during two synchronous 180° rotations in a door tooling switching method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the positions of the first and second fourth turntables after they have rotated 90° synchronously in a door tooling switching method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 9 This application provides a method for switching door tooling, which is used in an embodiment of the present application. When the number of different types of doors being produced is greater than six, the switching process is shown in the diagram after the two-position turntable is started.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Two-position turntable; 101. First switching position; 102. Second switching position; 2. First four-position turntable; 3. Second four-position turntable; 4. Tooling storage; 5. Supplementary operation mechanism; 6. Line changing mechanism; 7. Center welding robot; 8. Peripheral welding robot. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] This application provides a production island for flexible switching of doors for multiple car models, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art where traditional door production lines can usually only be compatible with a limited number of car models, making it difficult to achieve flexible switching of multiple car models and multiple doors, resulting in increased costs, low equipment utilization, and low production capacity.

[0022] The production island in this application adopts a modular design and has multiple workstations and switching positions. Through the docking relationship and vacancy status of the workstations and switching positions, the door tooling of multiple car models can be flexibly switched.

[0023] 1 is a structural diagram of a production island layout for flexible switching of doors for multiple vehicle models provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the production island in this application includes a switching assembly and a welding assembly. Multiple door toolings are placed on different work positions of the switching assembly to facilitate the installation of door components. Different components of the welding assembly perform welding, repair welding, line replacement and other processes on the door components at different work positions. After the production of different doors of a model is completed, they are switched in conjunction with the switching assembly.

[0024] Specifically, the switching assembly includes a two-position turntable 1, a first four-position turntable 2 located at one end of the two-position turntable 1, and a second four-position turntable 3 mirror-displayed at the other end of the two-position turntable 1. The first four-position turntable and the second four-position turntable 3 are frustum structures capable of rotating around an axis, each having four equally divided working positions for placing different door fixtures. The two-position turntable 1 is a rectangular structure capable of rotating around a central axis, with a switching position at each of its two ends.

[0025] The first and fourth turntables 2, the second turntable 1, and the second and fourth turntables 3 are arranged along the same axis to form a process line. In actual production scenarios, each car door will go through multiple processes, such as welding, gluing, and edge banding. Therefore, multiple process lines in this application can be set up in parallel according to the actual situation. Figure 2 This application provides a multi-layer process layout structure diagram of a production island for flexible switching of doors for multiple vehicle models, as shown in the embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, after completing the process on the current process line, the process switches to the next process line, and the final finished car door is produced on the last process line. It should be noted that since each process line has a different function, the functional components within each process line may differ. This application aims to disclose their layout and switching methods, and the internal functional components can be flexibly switched according to the production plan of the current process line.

[0026] The two-position rotary table 1 has tooling storage bins 4 on both sides. In actual production scenarios, priority will be given to producing door parts for models with higher demand, while door tooling for models with lower demand will be stored in tooling storage bins 4. For ease of description, the orientation of the two ends of the second-position turntable 1 facing the first fourth-position turntable 2 and the second fourth-position turntable 3 is referred to as the longitudinal orientation. The tooling storage 4 is set at the two ends of the second-position turntable 1 in the lateral orientation. When the door tooling needs to be switched, the second-position turntable 1 is in the lateral orientation to facilitate the retrieval of the door tooling from the tooling storage 4. Then, the second-position turntable 1 is adjusted to the longitudinal orientation to transport the door tooling to the first fourth-position turntable 2 or the second fourth-position turntable 3.

[0027] Further details can be found here. Figure 1 Each of the first and second fourth turntables 2 and 3 is equipped with a supplementary operation mechanism 5 and a line-changing mechanism 6. Based on the above description, a complete car door production system includes multiple parallel process lines. The line-changing mechanism 6 is located between two adjacent process lines. In one embodiment, the line-changing mechanism 6 is a transport robot. The transport robot transports the car door parts that have completed the current process to the first or second fourth turntable 2 or the second fourth turntable 3 of the next process. The supplementary operation mechanism 5 is located between the line-changing mechanism 6 and the first fourth turntable 2 and between the line-changing mechanism 6 and the second fourth turntable 3.

[0028] The location of the supplementary operation mechanism 5 depends on its setting. Taking the first process line as an example, the first process line is usually a welding sequence. The door parts installed on the door machine are first welded into a whole on the first four-position turntable 2 or the second four-position turntable 3. Then, additional welding is required. Therefore, the supplementary operation mechanism 5 in the first process line is a fixed welding machine. The transport robot clamps the door parts after welding and performs aerial additional welding. Finally, it is transported to the first four-position turntable 2 or the second four-position turntable 3 in the next process line. The second process line is generally a gluing sequence. Therefore, the supplementary operation mechanism 5 in the second process is a gluing machine, and so on.

[0029] Furthermore, the welding assembly includes a central welding robot 7 and several peripheral welding robots 8. The central welding robot 7 is located at the center of the first and fourth turntables 2 and 3, while the peripheral welding robots 8 are located on the periphery of the first and fourth turntables 2 and 3. The peripheral welding robots 8 and the central welding robot 7 are mainly used to weld the individual door components on the first and fourth turntables 2 and 3, making them a whole. There are at least two peripheral welding robots 8, located close to the second turntable 1, which is close to the line-changing mechanism 6, facilitating supplementary work and line changing directly after welding. The central welding robot 7 and the peripheral welding robots 8 are selected to be partially or fully activated according to the actual number and type of doors produced and the production capacity requirements.

[0030] Furthermore, to facilitate the transportation and switching of the door tooling, conveying tracks are provided between the second-position turntable 1 and the first fourth-position turntable 2, as well as between the second-position turntable 1 and the second fourth-position turntable 3. The conveying tracks are also arranged along the axial direction of the process line.

[0031] Secondly, this application also provides a door tooling switching method, which is implemented based on the production island for flexible switching of doors of multiple car models. The door tooling switching method controls the switching component and welding component to be partially or fully started based on the type and number of doors produced.

[0032] Specifically, the door tooling switching methods include: S1: Divide the outer periphery of the first and fourth position rotary tables 2 and 3 into equal calibrated functional areas. The functional areas include the assembly area, the waiting area, the welding area, and the motion area. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the functional area location in a door tooling switching method provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the functional areas of the first four-position turntable 2 are arranged clockwise, and the functional areas of the second four-position turntable 3 are arranged counterclockwise. The welding areas of the first four-position turntable 2 and the welding areas of the second four-position turntable 3 face the two-position turntable 1. Both four-position turntables have four working positions and are arranged in a mirror image with the two-position turntable 1 as the center. Therefore, the functional areas on the outer periphery of the two four-position turntables are also mirror images. The assembly area is far away from the two-position turntable 1, and the welding area and the assembly area are on the same axis and close to the two-position turntable 1.

[0033] S2: When N=4, start the first four-position turntable 2 and some of the peripheral welding robots 8. N is the number of types of car doors to be produced. This step corresponds to the scenario of producing only four doors of one car model, namely model A. Only four types of door fixtures for model A need to be configured: left front door, right front door, left rear door and right rear door. In this scenario, there is no switching between multiple door fixtures. Therefore, starting only the first four-position turntable 2 and some of the peripheral welding robots 8 can meet the production capacity requirements. The four door fixtures are placed on the four workstations of the first four-position turntable 2.

[0034] When N=6, the first four-position turntable 2, the second-position turntable 1, the peripheral welding robot 8, and the center welding robot 7 are activated. This step corresponds to the scenario of producing six doors for two different car models, but the front doors of the two models are interchangeable. In actual production scenarios, it is common for two car models from the same manufacturer to differ only in wheelbase, i.e., model A and model B. The door tooling for the front doors of the two models is interchangeable, but the tooling for the two rear doors is different. At this time, it is necessary to switch the door tooling. Therefore, the first four-position turntable 2 and the second-position turntable 1 are activated in coordination. When the types of door tooling increase, the production capacity demand also increases accordingly. Therefore, the center welding robot 7 is added in this step to improve welding efficiency.

[0035] In one implementation, this method is also applicable to the production scenario of three car models, namely model A, model B, and model C. Model A and model B have differences in their rear doors, while model C differs from model A or model B only in door accessories, such as interior panels, door handles, and glass, which do not affect the door frame. In this case, model C shares a set of four door tooling with model A or model B. In this case, a total of six door tooling is required, and the first and fourth turntables 2 and 2 turntables 1 can be started. The only difference is that in this scenario, compared to two car models, an additional peripheral welding robot 8 needs to be started to ensure production capacity.

[0036] When N > 6, the first four-position turntable 2, the second four-position turntable 1, the second four-position turntable 3, all peripheral welding robots 8, the tooling storage warehouse 4, and the center welding robot 7 are started. This scenario is suitable for producing doors for more than four car models. At this time, the number of door types produced is large, and multiple switching is required. Therefore, in addition to the first four-position turntable 2 and the second four-position turntable 1, the second four-position turntable 3 and the tooling storage warehouse 4 also need to participate in the switching work at the same time. All welding components are started to ensure production capacity.

[0037] In the above scenarios, the supplementary operation mechanism 5 and the line changing mechanism 6 are always in the start-up state to ensure the orderly operation of the production line. At the same time, the above "start-up" can also be understood as construction. That is, for smaller manufacturers, they can gradually expand according to production capacity needs. In the initial stage when there is only one model and the output is small, only the first four-position turntable 2 and some peripheral welding robots 8 are built. As the number of models and the demand increase, other equipment such as the second-position turntable 1, the second four-position turntable 3, and the tooling storage warehouse 4 are gradually added to achieve "phased construction, flexible expansion, and investment as needed". This can effectively alleviate the company's capital investment and reduce investment risks.

[0038] The following section provides a detailed explanation of each production scenario and switching method: When N=4, the first fourth-position turntable 2 and part of the peripheral welding robot 8 are activated. Figure 4 This application provides a method for switching car door tooling, illustrating the switching process when there are four types of car doors being produced. (The diagram is combined with...) Figure 4 Detailed explanation: S2A01: Set the first four-position turntable 2 to rotate clockwise with each rotation angle being 90°, so that when the first four-position turntable 2 rotates each time, each of its four working positions corresponds to a functional area. For ease of description, the four working positions of the first four-position turntable 2 are set clockwise as a1, a2, a3 and a4. In the initial state, a1 is located in the loading area, a2 is located in the waiting area, a3 is located in the welding area and a4 is located in the motorized area. S2A02: Install four door fixtures of the same model on the four working positions of the first four-position turntable 2. The four door fixtures are placed on the four working positions of the first four-position turntable 2 respectively, without any order requirement. Here, this model is referred to as model A, and the four door fixtures of model A are referred to as A front left, A front right, A rear left and A rear left. S2A03: Rotate the first four-position turntable 2 so that the four working positions of the first four-position turntable 2 pass through the assembly area, the waiting area, the welding area and the motorized area in sequence. When the working position is in the assembly area, the door parts are installed on the door fixture at the working position. When the working position is in the waiting area, no operation is performed on the door parts at the working position. When the working position is in the welding area, the peripheral welding robot 8 located in the welding area is started to weld the door parts at the working position. Then the supplementary operation mechanism 5 and the line changing mechanism 6 clamp the door parts after welding and perform aerial repair welding and line changing. S2A04: After all the door components on the four door toolings have been replaced, the first and fourth turntables 2 rotate counterclockwise to return to their original positions.

[0039] To facilitate understanding, the following text will combine... Figure 4 The steps described above are broken down and explained in detail below: Initial state: A left front is set at position a1 and located in the assembly area, A right front is set at position a2 and located in the waiting area for welding, A left rear is set at position a3 and located in the welding area, A right rear is set at position a4 and located in the motor area, and the door assembly piece on the left front of A at position a1 is installed manually. The first four turntables rotate 90° clockwise for the first time: a1 and A's left front turn to the waiting area for welding without moving; a4 and A's right rear turn to the assembly area to install door parts; a3 and A's left rear turn to the motor area without moving; a2 and A's right front turn to the welding area. At this time, A's right front has not installed door parts, so it does not move either.

[0040] The first and fourth turntables 2 rotate 90° clockwise for the second time: positions a3 and A to the left rear rotate to the assembly area to install door parts; positions a4 and A to the right rear rotate to the waiting area to wait for welding; positions a1 and A to the left front rotate to the welding area. The two peripheral welding robots 8 located in this area weld the door parts on the left front of A to make them into a whole. Then, the line changing mechanism 6 and the supplementary operation mechanism 5 perform supplementary operations and line changing on the door parts on the left front of A that have become a whole. After the line changing, there are no door parts on the left front of A. Positions a2 and A to the right front rotate to the motorized area to wait for parts to be installed. The first and fourth turntables 2 rotate 90° clockwise for the third time: positions a2 and A right front rotate to the assembly area to install door parts; positions a3 and A left rear rotate to the waiting area to wait for welding; positions a4 and A right rear rotate to the welding area; the peripheral welding robot 8 welds the door parts on the right rear of A to make them a whole; the line changing mechanism 6 and the supplementary operation mechanism 5 perform supplementary operations and line changing on the door parts on the right rear of A that have become a whole; after the line changing, there are no door parts on the right rear of A; positions a1 and A left front rotate to the motorized area to maintain the state of having no door parts. The four door fixtures of model A are assembled, welded and rewired in the manner described above. Once all four door fixtures have been rewired, it is considered a cycle. After one cycle is completed, the first four turntable 2 rotates counterclockwise back to its initial state to prevent wire tangling. Then a new cycle begins, and the four door fixtures are reassembled, welded and rewired in sequence.

[0041] Furthermore, when N=6, the first four-position turntable 2, the second-position turntable 1, part of the peripheral welding robot 8, and the center welding robot 7 are activated, specifically including: S2B01: Start the two-position turntable 1 and set the rotation angle of the two-position turntable 1 to 180° each time. The two-position turntable 1 includes a first switching position 101 and a second switching position 102. When the two-position turntable 1 rotates, the first switching position 101 and the second switching position 102 are either facing the welding area of ​​the first four-position turntable 2. The two-position turntable 1 can rotate flexibly clockwise and counterclockwise. S2B02: Calibrate the first and second unloading fixtures that need to be unloaded on the first four-position turntable 2, and position the first unloading fixture in the welding area of ​​the first four-position turntable 2, and position the second unloading fixture in the waiting area of ​​the first four-position turntable 2. S2B03: Place the first tooling to be put into service on the first switching position 101, and switch the door tooling based on the empty state of the second switching position 102. S2B04: Start the center welding robot 7 located at the center of the first four turntable 2.

[0042] Figure 5 The following is a diagram illustrating the switching process when there are six types of car doors being produced, as provided in the embodiments of this application for a method of switching car door tooling. Figure 5 Step S2B03 will be explained in detail below: First, it should be noted that the door parts on the off-line tooling have all been replaced. Based on the above settings, the first off-line tooling is placed at position a3 and located in the welding area, and the second off-line tooling is placed at position a2 and located in the waiting-to-weld area. S2B031: The second switching position 102 is directly opposite the welding area of ​​the first four-position turntable 2. The first tooling to be unloaded is switched to the second switching position 102. The working position of the first four-position turntable 2 in the welding area is vacant. Based on the definition of the four working positions of the first four-position turntable 2 above, in the initial state, the second switching position 102 is vacant and directly opposite position a3. Then, the first tooling to be unloaded on position a3 is removed and transferred to the second switching position 102 through the conveyor roller, so that position a3 is vacant. S2B032: Rotate the two-position turntable 1 by 180° so that the first tooling to be put on the line on the first switching position 101 is rotated to the welding area facing the first four-position turntable 2, that is, the first tooling to be put on the line is rotated to position a3. Then, the first tooling to be put on the line is installed on position a3 so that the first switching position 101 is empty. At the same time, the first tooling to be taken off the line on the second switching position 102 is removed and stored, and the second tooling to be put on the line is installed on the second switching position 102. S2B033: Rotate the first fourth-position turntable 2 clockwise by 90° to move the second fixture to be unloaded at position a2 to the welding area and switch the second fixture to be unloaded to the empty first switching position 101, leaving position a2 empty; S2B034: Rotate the two-position turntable 1 180° so that the second tooling to be put on the line on the second switching position 102 is aligned with position a2 of the welding area, and switch the second tooling to be put on the line to position a2. Remove the second tooling to be taken off the line on the first switching position 101 and store it. At this point, the switching of the six types of tooling for putting on and taking off the line is completed. The subsequent welding is the same as the welding method when N=4 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0043] To increase production capacity, in addition to activating the two peripheral welding robots 8 located in the welding area, a central welding robot 7 is also activated. To avoid interference caused by too many welding robots, the central welding robot 7 pre-welds a portion of the door components on the door fixture in the area to be welded. Based on the above description, this step is also applicable to the situation where three car models share six types of door fixtures. Therefore, another peripheral welding robot 8 can be arranged around the periphery of the area to be welded, which, together with the central welding robot 7, pre-welds the door components on the door fixture in the area to be welded.

[0044] Meanwhile, tooling storage library 4 is not enabled in this step. Therefore, the tooling to be put online before going online and the tooling to be put offline after going offline can be placed in appropriate locations as appropriate. This application does not impose any restrictions.

[0045] Furthermore, when N > 6, the first four-position rotary table 2, the second four-position rotary table 1, the second four-position rotary table 3, all peripheral welding robots 8, the tooling storage warehouse 4, and the center welding robot 7 are activated, specifically including: S2C01: Place the two front door fixtures of the first vehicle model on the two opposite work positions of the first four-position turntable 2, and place the two rear door fixtures of the first vehicle model on the two opposite work positions of the second four-position turntable 3. S2C02: Place the two front door fixtures of the second type of vehicle on the other two opposite work positions of the first four-position turntable 2, place the two rear door fixtures of the second type of vehicle on the other two opposite work positions of the second four-position turntable 3, and place the door fixtures of other types of vehicles in the fixture storage warehouse 4. The two car models in steps S2C01 and S2C02 are referred to as car model A and car model B. Car model A and car model B have the largest demand and all door fixtures are not interchangeable. There are a total of eight door fixtures for the two car models. Two door fixtures of car model A and car model B are placed alternately on each four-position turntable. The two door fixtures of the same car model on the same four-position turntable are opposite each other. The door fixtures of other car models with low demand are temporarily placed in the fixture storage warehouse 4.

[0046] S2C03: Set the first four-position turntable 2 and the second four-position turntable 3 to rotate 180° or 90°, set the rotation angle of the second-position turntable 1 to 90° or 180°, and cooperate with the tooling storage library 4 to complete the switching of N types of door tooling. According to the above door tooling arrangement, in the production process of model A, the first and fourth turntables 2 and 3 rotate synchronously by 180°. When switching from model A to model B, the first and fourth turntables 2 and 3 rotate synchronously by 90°. When the production of models A and B is completed and it is necessary to switch to models C, D or more, the second turntable 1 and the tooling storage 4 are added to complete the switching of N types of door tooling.

[0047] S2C04: Start all peripheral welding robots 8 and center welding robots 7 to weld the door fixtures located on the first and fourth turntables 2 and the second and fourth turntables 3.

[0048] Furthermore, the specific methods for switching between the N vehicle models in step S2C03 include: S2C031: Control the first and fourth turntables 2 and 3 to rotate synchronously by 180° or 90°, while the second turntable 1 maintains its current posture. This step is for the production of the two best-selling car models A and B, whose door tooling is completely incompatible, requiring eight types of door tooling. In this case, there is no need to switch the second turntable 1 to complete synchronous production. S2C032: Controls the first and fourth turntables 2 and 3 to remain stationary or rotate 90°, while the second turntable 1 rotates 90° or 180°. In conjunction with the tooling storage 4, it completes the switching of N types of door tooling. This step is used when the door tooling of models A and B is taken off the production line after production is completed, in order to switch the door tooling of models C, D, E, etc.

[0049] For ease of understanding, steps S2C031 and S2C032 will be explained separately below: Step S2C031 is as follows: S2C0311: Install door fixtures for two different car models so that, in the initial state, the four door fixtures of the first car model are located on the same axis, and two of the door fixtures of the first car model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the first four-position turntable 2, respectively, and the other two door fixtures of the first car model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the second four-position turntable 3, respectively. Figure 6 In a door tooling switching method provided in this application embodiment, when the number of types of doors produced is greater than six, the initial layout diagram of the door tooling is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, based on the definition of the four working positions of the first four-position turntable 2 above, let the four working positions of the second four-position turntable 3 be positions b1, b2, b3, and b4. In the initial state, position b1 is directly opposite the assembly area of ​​the second four-position turntable 3, and position b3 is directly opposite the welding area of ​​the second four-position turntable 3. Let the four door fixtures of vehicle model B be B front left, B front right, B rear left, and B rear right. Then the initial arrangement positions of the eight door fixtures are: A front left at position a1, A front right at position a3, A rear left at position b1, A rear right at position b3, B front left at position a2, B front right at position a4, B rear left at position b2, and B rear right at position b4. In the initial state, the four door fixtures of vehicle model A are located on the same axis. After the first four-position turntable 2 and the first four-position turntable 3 rotate 90° synchronously, the four door fixtures of vehicle model B are located on the same axis.

[0050] S2C0312: Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the positional changes of the first four-position turntable 2 and the second four-position turntable 3 after two 180° rotations in a door tooling switching method provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the door components are installed on the door fixtures located in the assembly area. The first and second fourth turntables 2 and 3 are controlled to rotate 180° synchronously, so that the two door fixtures located in the assembly area are rotated to the welding area for welding of the components. At the same time, the two door fixtures originally located in the welding area are rotated to the assembly area for assembly. Specifically, according to the above arrangement, before the first 180° rotation, the left front door component at position a1 and the left rear door component at position b1 are installed first. Then, the first and fourth turntables 2 and the second and fourth turntables 3 rotate 180° simultaneously, so that the left front door component at position a1 and the left rear door component at position b1 are rotated to the welding area for component welding and line changing. At the same time, the right front door component at position a3 and the right rear door component at position b3 are rotated to the assembly area for component assembly.

[0051] S2C0313: Controls the first four-position turntable 2 and the second four-position turntable 3 to rotate 180° synchronously, so that the two door fixtures currently located in the assembly area can be rotated to the welding area for component welding and line change, so as to complete the component welding of the four doors of the first model. The first and second fourth turntables 2 and 3 rotate 180° synchronously again, so that the front right of A at position a3 and the rear right of A at position b3 are rotated to the welding area for component welding and line changing. This state is consistent with the initial arrangement position. This process is repeated until the production of the four doors of model A is completed. It should be noted that in the production process of model A, for each set of doors produced, the two fourth turntables need to rotate 180° twice. To prevent the wiring on the four turntables from getting tangled, the rotation directions of the same fourth turntable are set to be opposite. That is, if the first fourth turntable 2 rotates 180° clockwise the first time, it will rotate 180° counterclockwise the second time. The second fourth turntable 3 is set in the same way.

[0052] S2C0314: Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the positions of the first four-position turntable 2 and the second four-position turntable 3 after synchronously rotating 90° in a door tooling switching method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the first four-position turntable 2 and the second four-position turntable 3 are controlled to rotate synchronously by 90° so that the four door fixtures of the second model are located on the same axis, and two of the door fixtures of the second model are located in the welding area, while the other two door fixtures of the first model are located in the assembly area. That is, in step S2C0313, after the production of model A is completed, each door fixture has returned to its initial position. At this time, the production of model B needs to be carried out. When the first four-position turntable 2 and the second four-position turntable 3 rotate synchronously by 90°, the four door fixtures of model B are located on the same axis. Taking the first four-position turntable 2 and the second four-position turntable 3 rotating 90° clockwise as an example, after the rotation, the right front of B at position a4 is located in the assembly area, the left front of B at position a2 is located in the welding area, the right rear of B at position b4 is located in the welding area, and the left rear of B at position b2 is located in the assembly area.

[0053] S2C0315: Control the first four-position turntable 2 and the second four-position turntable 3 to rotate 180° twice to complete the welding of the four doors of the second model. This step is the same as the production method of the four doors of the A model. Please refer to steps S2C0312 and S2C0313. It will not be repeated here.

[0054] Furthermore, Figure 9 In a door tooling switching method provided in this application embodiment, when the number of types of doors produced is greater than six, the switching process diagram after the two-position turntable 1 is started is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, step S2C032 specifically involves: S2C0321: Select the door fixture to be removed from the production line on the first four-position turntable 2 or the second four-position turntable 3, and place it in the welding area. For ease of description, assume that the door fixture to be removed from the production line is located at position a3 of the first four-position turntable 2. S2C0322: Take out the door tooling to be put into service from the tooling storage 4 and place it on the first switching position 101 of the two-position turntable 1. The two-position turntable 1 is adjusted to the horizontal posture described above, so that its two ends correspond to the tooling storage 4 on both sides. In one possible implementation, the tooling storage 4 includes two double-layer warehouses and an elevator located between the two double-layer warehouses. The two ends of the two-position turntable 1 are respectively facing the elevator. Take out the door tooling to be put into service from the tooling storage 4 and place it on the first switching position 101. The second switching position 102 is empty. S2C0323: Rotate the second-position turntable 1 90° along the first direction so that the empty second switching position 102 in the second-position turntable 1 is facing the welding area and the tooling to be removed is switched to the second switching position 102. When the door tooling to be removed is located in the first fourth-position turntable 2, the first direction is clockwise. When the rotation is completed, the empty second switching position 102 is facing position a3. The door tooling to be installed on the first switching position 101 and the door tooling to be installed are rotated to the position facing the second fourth-position turntable 3. Then the door tooling to be removed on position a3 is switched to the second switching position 102. At this time, position a3 is empty. The door tooling to be installed is placed on the first switching position 101 and the door tooling to be removed is placed on the second switching position 102. S2C0324: Rotate the two-position turntable 1 by 180° so that the door fixture to be put into service on the first switching position 101 is rotated to face the empty working position of the welding area, and the door fixture to be put into service is switched to the empty working position. The direction of the 180° rotation here is not limited. After the 180° rotation, the door fixture to be put into service on the first switching position 101 is facing position a3. Then the door fixture to be put into service is transferred to position a3. S2C0325: Rotate the two-position turntable 1 90° along the second direction so that the tooling to be removed from the production line on the second switching position 102 is facing the tooling storage 4 and the removal from the production line is completed. The first direction and the second direction are opposite. After the two-position turntable 1 rotates, the second switching position 102 is facing the tooling storage 4. The door tooling to be removed from the production line on the second switching position 102 is transferred to the tooling storage 4 to complete the switching. The two 90° rotations of the two-position turntable 1 are set to be opposite directions in order to transfer the door tooling to be removed from the production line to the original position where the door tooling to be added to the production line was placed, so as to facilitate management.

[0055] If there are multiple door fixtures waiting to be produced on the first four-position turntable 2, repeat the above steps. The switching method for the fixtures waiting to be produced on the second four-position turntable 3 is the same as that for the first four-position turntable 2. The only difference is that the two 90° directions of the second turntable 1 are opposite to the two 90° directions of the first four-position turntable 2 when switching. That is, when switching the first four-position turntable 2, the two 90° positions of the second turntable 1 are clockwise and then counterclockwise. When switching the second four-position turntable 3, the two 90° positions of the second turntable 1 are counterclockwise and then clockwise.

[0056] After the switch is completed, based on the type of door tooling to be put into service and its arrangement on the two turntables, the welding and line change are carried out using the welding method described above when N=4 or N=6, and the rotation of the first fourth turntable 2 and / or the second fourth turntable 3 is controlled. This will not be repeated here.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0059] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A production island for flexible switching of doors for multiple vehicle models, characterized in that, include: The switching component includes a two-position turntable (1), a first four-position turntable (2) located at one end of the two-position turntable (1), and a second four-position turntable (3) mirror-located at the other end of the two-position turntable (1). Tool storage bins (4) are provided on both sides of the two-position turntable (1). Supplementary operation mechanism (5) and line changing mechanism (6) are provided on one side of the first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3). The welding assembly includes a central welding robot (7) and several peripheral welding robots (8). The central welding robot (7) is located at the center of the first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3), and the peripheral welding robots (8) are located on the periphery of the first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3).

2. A door tooling switching method, implemented on a production island for flexible switching of doors for multiple vehicle models as claimed in claim 1, wherein the door tooling switching method includes: Based on the type and quantity of the production doors, the control switching components and welding components are partially or fully activated.

3. The door tooling switching method as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The control of partially or fully activating the switching and welding components based on the type and quantity of production doors specifically includes: Functional areas are equally divided on the outer periphery of the first and fourth turntables (2) and the second and fourth turntables (3). The functional areas include the assembly area, the waiting area, the welding area and the motor area. The functional areas of the first and fourth turntables (2) are arranged clockwise and the functional areas of the second and fourth turntables (3) are arranged counterclockwise. The welding area of ​​the first and fourth turntables (2) and the welding area of ​​the second and fourth turntables (3) face the second turntable (1). When N=4, start the first four-position turntable (2) and part of the peripheral welding robot (8); When N=6, start the first four-position turntable (2), the second-position turntable (1), part of the peripheral welding robot (8) and the center welding robot (7). When N>6, start the first four-position turntable (2), the second four-position turntable (1), the second four-position turntable (3), all peripheral welding robots (8), tooling storage (4) and the center welding robot (7). Where N represents the number of different types of car doors produced.

4. The door tooling switching method as described in claim 3, characterized in that: When N=4, the first four-position turntable (2) and part of the peripheral welding robot (8) are activated, specifically including: Set the first four-position turntable (2) to rotate clockwise and rotate by 90° each time, so that when the first four-position turntable (2) rotates each time, the four working positions of the first four-position turntable (2) correspond to a functional area; Install four door fixtures of the same model on the four working surfaces of the first and fourth turntables (2); Rotate the first four-position turntable (2) so that the four working positions of the first four-position turntable (2) pass through the assembly area, the waiting area, the welding area and the motorized area in sequence. When the working position is in the assembly area, the door parts are installed on the door fixture at the working position. When the working position is in the waiting area, no operation is performed on the door parts at the working position. When the working position is in the welding area, the peripheral welding robot (8) located in the welding area is started to weld the door parts at the working position to make them into a whole. Then the supplementary operation mechanism (5) and the line changing mechanism (6) clamp the door parts after welding and perform aerial welding and line changing. After all the door components on the four door toolings have been replaced, the first and fourth turntables (2) rotate counterclockwise to return to their original positions.

5. The door tooling switching method as described in claim 3, characterized in that: When N=6, the first four-position turntable (2), the second-position turntable (1), part of the peripheral welding robot (8), and the center welding robot (7) are activated, specifically including: Start the two-position turntable (1) and set the rotation angle of the two-position turntable (1) to 180° each time. The two-position turntable (1) includes a first switching position and a second switching position. When the two-position turntable (1) rotates, the first switching position and the second switching position are selected to face the welding area of ​​the first four-position turntable (2). The first and second unloading fixtures to be unloaded on the first four-position turntable (2) are calibrated, and the first unloading fixture is located in the welding area of ​​the first four-position turntable (2), and the second unloading fixture is located in the waiting area of ​​the first four-position turntable (2). Place the first tooling to be put into production on the first switching position, and switch the door tooling based on the empty state of the second switching position; Start the center welding robot (7) located at the center of the first four turntable (2).

6. The door tooling switching method as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The process of placing the first tooling to be put into production on the first switching position, and switching the door tooling based on the vacancy of the second switching position, specifically includes: The second switching position is directly opposite the welding area of ​​the first four-position turntable (2). The first tooling to be taken off the line is switched to the second switching position, and the working position of the first four-position turntable (2) in the welding area is vacant. Rotate the two-position turntable (1) 180° so that the first tooling to be put online on the first switching position is rotated to the welding area facing the first four-position turntable (2) and installed on the empty working position of the first four-position turntable (2) located in the welding area. The first switching position is empty, and at the same time, the second tooling to be put online and the first tooling to be taken offline are switched at the second switching position. Rotate the first four-position turntable (2) 90° clockwise so that the second tooling to be removed from the line can be moved to the welding area and switched to the empty first switching position. The first four-position turntable (2) is currently in the empty working position of the welding area. Rotate the two-position turntable (1) 180° so that the second tooling to be put online on the second switching position is facing the welding area, and switch it to the currently empty working position of the first four-position turntable (2), remove the second tooling to be taken off the first switching position and store it; Start the peripheral welding robot (8) and the center welding robot (7).

7. The door tooling switching method as described in claim 3, characterized in that: When N > 6, the first four-position turntable (2), the second four-position turntable (1), the second four-position turntable (3), all peripheral welding robots (8), the tooling storage warehouse (4), and the center welding robot (7) are activated, specifically including: Place the two front door fixtures of the first model on the two opposite work positions of the first four-position turntable (2), and place the two rear door fixtures of the first model on the two opposite work positions of the second four-position turntable (3); The two front door fixtures of the second type of vehicle are placed on the other two opposite work positions of the first four turntable (2), and the two rear door fixtures of the second type of vehicle are placed on the other two opposite work positions of the second four turntable (3). The door fixtures of the other types of vehicles are placed in the fixture storage warehouse (4). Set the first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3) to rotate 180° or 90°, set the rotation angle of the second-position turntable (1) to 90° or 180°, and cooperate with the tooling storage library (4) to complete the switching of N types of door tooling; All peripheral welding robots (8) and center welding robots (7) are started to weld the door fixtures located on the first and fourth turntables (2) and the second and fourth turntables (3).

8. The door tooling switching method as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3) are set to rotate 180° or 90°, and the rotation angle of the second turntable (1) is set to 90° or 180°. This, combined with the tooling storage library (4), enables the switching of N types of door tooling, specifically including: Control the first and fourth turntables (2) and the second and fourth turntables (3) to rotate synchronously by 180° or 90°, while the second turntable (1) maintains its current posture; Control the first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3) to remain stationary or rotate one of them by 90°. The second turntable (1) rotates by 90° or 180° and cooperates with the tooling storage (4) to complete the switching of N types of door tooling.

9. A door tooling switching method as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The control of the first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3) to rotate synchronously by 180° or 90°, with the second turntable (1) maintaining its current posture, specifically includes: Install door fixtures for two different car models so that, in the initial state, the four door fixtures of the first car model are located on the same axis, and two of the door fixtures of the first car model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the first four-position turntable (2), respectively, and the other two door fixtures of the first car model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the second four-position turntable (3), respectively. Install the door components on the door fixtures located in the assembly areas of the first and fourth turntables (2) and the second and fourth turntables (3), and control the first and fourth turntables (2) and the second and fourth turntables (3) to rotate 180° synchronously, so that the two door fixtures located in the assembly area are rotated to the welding area for welding and unloading of the components. At the same time, the two door fixtures originally located in the welding area are rotated to the assembly area to install the door components. Control the first and second turntables (2) and the second turntable (3) to rotate 180° synchronously, so that the two door fixtures currently located in the assembly area can be rotated to the welding area for component welding, so as to complete the component welding of the four doors of the first model. Control the first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3) to rotate 90° synchronously so that the four door fixtures of the second model are located on the same axis, and two of the door fixtures of the second model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the first four-position turntable (2) respectively, and the other two door fixtures of the second model are located in the welding area and the assembly area of ​​the second four-position turntable (3) respectively. Control the first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3) to rotate 180° twice to complete the welding of the four doors of the second model.

10. A door tooling switching method as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The control system keeps the first four-position turntable (2) and the second four-position turntable (3) stationary or rotates one of them by 90°, while the second turntable (1) rotates by 90° or 180°, and works in conjunction with the tooling storage library (4) to complete the switching of N types of door tooling, specifically including: Select the door fixture to be removed from the production line on the first fourth turntable (2) or the second fourth turntable (3) and place it in the welding area; Take out the door tooling to be put into service from the tooling storage (4) and place it on the first switching position of the two-position turntable (1); Rotate the two-position turntable (1) 90° along the first direction so that the empty second switching position in the two-position turntable (1) is directly facing the door fixture to be removed from the welding area, and switch the door fixture to be removed from the welding area to the second switching position; Rotate the two-position turntable (1) 180° so that the door fixture to be put into service on the first switching position is rotated to the empty work position that is currently located in the welding area of ​​the first four-position turntable (2) or the second four-position turntable (3), and switch the door fixture to be put into service to the empty work position; Rotate the two-position turntable (1) 90° along the second direction so that the door tooling to be removed from the line on the second switching position is facing the tooling storage bin (4) and the storage is completed, wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite.

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