High-performance flame-retardant veneer artificial board and manufacturing process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance flame-retardant veneer type artificial board and a manufacturing process thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that an existing flame-retardant veneer type artificial board is low in flame-retardant efficiency, metal connecting pieces are easy to rust, and the smoke toxicity and the fuming amount are high during combustion. According to the process, a green synergistic flame-retardant and cross-linking reinforced composite technology is combined with a metal corrosion resistance characteristic improvement means, smoke suppression and low-toxicity manufacturing and combustion smoke comprehensive evaluation are carried out at the same time, and finally the veneer artificial board with excellent flame-retardant performance, corrosion resistance and low-smoke and low-toxicity characteristics is prepared, so that industrial demonstration production can be realized; the method is suitable for the fields of building decoration and furniture manufacturing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of artificial board manufacturing, in particular to a high-performance flame-retardant veneer artificial board with high flame-retardant efficiency, metal corrosion resistance and low smoke and low toxicity characteristics and a manufacturing process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Veneer artificial boards (such as plywood and blockboard) are widely used in the fields of construction, furniture and packaging due to their light weight, high strength and good processing performance. However, wood materials are flammable, and flame-retardant treatment is required to meet fire safety requirements.

[0003] In the manufacturing process of existing flame-retardant veneer artificial boards, the commonly used halogen-based flame retardant has the problem of releasing toxic gases during combustion, while the traditional phosphorus-based flame retardant has good environmental protection, but when used alone, the flame-retardant efficiency is low, and it needs to be matched with oxidizing agents and other auxiliary components, resulting in the presence of free conductive ions (such as oxidizing agents and acidic substances) in the board. These free ions are prone to chemical reaction with metal connectors, causing metal corrosion and affecting the stability of the board. At the same time, the existing flame-retardant boards often produce a large amount of smoke and toxic gases during combustion, posing a threat to human safety and the environment. Therefore, developing a manufacturing process for a veneer artificial board with high flame-retardant efficiency, metal corrosion resistance and low smoke and low toxicity has become an urgent problem in the current industry. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-performance flame-retardant veneer artificial board and a manufacturing process thereof, solving the technical defects of low flame-retardant efficiency, metal corrosion and high smoke toxicity of existing products.

[0005] A manufacturing process for a high-performance flame-retardant veneer artificial board, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of a green synergistic flame-retardant crosslinking treatment solution: S2. Veneer pretreatment: dry the wooden veneer to a moisture content of 8%-12%, and then use immersion or spraying to make the flame-retardant crosslinking treatment solution in step 1 uniformly adhere to the surface and internal pores of the veneer; S3. Hot pressing: stack the pretreated veneer according to the predetermined number of layers, and hot press at a temperature of 120-150℃ and a pressure of 1.0-1.5MPa for 10-20min, to realize the enhanced bonding between the veneers through crosslinking reaction, and fix the flame-retardant components inside the board; S4. Post-treatment: cool and edge the hot-pressed board to obtain a high-performance flame-retardant veneer artificial board.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, a manufacturing process for a high-performance flame-retardant veneer artificial board, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of a green synergistic flame-retardant crosslinking system: Phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant (such as ammonium polyphosphate, melamine) is selected as the main flame-retardant component, and an epoxy crosslinking agent is matched to mix at a mass ratio of 3:1-5:1, deionized water is added and stirred until completely dissolved, and the system solid content is adjusted to 20%-30% to prepare a flame-retardant crosslinking treatment solution. The system improves the flame-retardant efficiency through the synergistic effect of phosphorus and nitrogen, and reduces free conductive ions by using a crosslinking agent to avoid rusting reaction with metals.

[0007] S2. Single board pretreatment: Wood single boards of materials such as poplar and pine are dried to control the moisture content at 8%-12% to avoid cracking and deformation of the boards in subsequent processing. Then, according to the board requirements, impregnation or spraying is selected for processing: if impregnation is used, the single board is placed in the flame-retardant crosslinking treatment solution and impregnated at a pressure of 0.1-0.3 MPa for 30-60 min to ensure that the treatment solution penetrates into the single board; if spraying is used, the spraying amount is controlled at 100-150 g / m² to ensure that the single board surface is uniformly covered with the treatment solution.

[0008] S3. Hot pressing: The pretreated single boards are stacked according to the designed number of layers (such as 3 layers for plywood, 5 layers, and core layer + surface plate structure for blockboard), and are sent into a hot press to be hot pressed at a temperature of 120-150 ℃ and a pressure of 1.0-1.5 MPa for 10-20 min. In this process, the crosslinking agent undergoes a curing reaction to form a firm bond between the single boards, and the flame-retardant component is fixed in the board through chemical bonds to further reduce the content of free ions.

[0009] S4. Post-processing: The hot-pressed board is naturally cooled to room temperature, cut to the preset size by an edge cutting machine, and the burrs are removed, thereby completing the manufacturing of the high-performance flame-retardant single board artificial board.

[0010] The high-performance flame-retardant single board artificial board prepared by the above process has the following performance advantages: (1) Excellent flame-retardant performance: oxygen index ≥32%, reaching the difficult-to-burn B1 level standard; (2) Anti-metal corrosion: low content of free conductive ions, and corrosion rate of metal connecting parts ≤0.05 mm / a; (3) Low smoke and low toxicity: low smoke emission during combustion, and smoke toxicity grade reaching ZA3 level in GB / T 20284-2006, meeting the environmental protection and safety requirements.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a manufacturing process of a high-performance flame-retardant single board artificial board includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of green synergistic flame-retardant crosslinking system: mix phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant and crosslinking agent in proportion, add deionized water and stir until uniform to form a flame-retardant crosslinking treatment solution, wherein the flame-retardant crosslinking system does not contain free strong oxidizing or strong acidic conductive ions; S2. Single board pretreatment: dry the wood single board to a moisture content of 8%-12%, and then use immersion or spraying to make the flame-retardant crosslinking treatment solution in step 1 uniformly adhere to the surface and internal pores of the single board; S3. Hot pressing: stack the pretreated single boards according to the preset number of layers, and hot press at a temperature of 120-150℃ and a pressure of 1.0-1.5MPa for 10-20min, so as to realize the enhanced bonding between the single boards through crosslinking reaction, and fix the flame-retardant components in the board. S4. Post-treatment: cool and edge the hot-pressed board to obtain high-performance flame-retardant single board.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant to the crosslinking agent in step S1 is 3:1-5:1, and the solid content of the flame-retardant crosslinking treatment solution is 20%-30%.

[0013] Preferably, the immersion time in step S2 is 30-60min, and the immersion pressure is 0.1-0.3MPa; the spraying amount is 100-150g / m².

[0014] Preferably, the flame-retardant crosslinking treatment solution is an environmentally friendly flame-retardant amino resin adhesive based on organic phosphorus-isocyanate composite modification, which is prepared by the following components in parts by weight: amino resin prepolymer 100 parts, organic phosphorus-isocyanate composite modifier 5~25 parts, catalyst 0.01~0.5 parts, water 0~15 parts, and appropriate amount of pH adjuster.

[0015] Preferably, the amino resin prepolymer is one of urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer, melamine-formaldehyde resin prepolymer, and melamine-urea-formaldehyde co-condensation resin prepolymer; the total molar ratio of formaldehyde to amino-containing compound in the amino resin prepolymer is (1.3~1.8):1, and the amino-containing compound is at least one of urea and melamine.

[0016] Preferably, during the hot pressing in step S3, a board turning machine is used to cool the hot-pressed board, the board turning machine comprises a box body and a box door, a clamping plate for clamping the board is arranged inside the box body, one of the clamping plates is adjustable, the clamping plates are rotatable, the clamping plates are driven by a motor, a reciprocating movable heat dissipation fan is arranged inside the box body, and the heat dissipation fan moves synchronously with the clamping plates.

[0017] The plate turning machine has scientific and reasonable structure, is safe and convenient to use, and has the following beneficial effects: the motor drives the reciprocating screw to rotate through the belt connecting mechanism, the heat dissipation fan moves back and forth along the limiting column, the surface of the single board type artificial board can be fully and uniformly air-cooled, the multidimensional adjustment of the clamping structure is realized through the adjusting telescopic rod, the adjusting screw and the moving plate, the overall length of the adjusting telescopic rod can be adjusted through the fixing cylinder, the moving rod and the fixing screw, the plate material with different widths can be adapted, the moving plate can be moved along the moving groove of the mounting rod by rotating the adjusting screw, the spacing between the two clamping plates is adjusted, the plate material with different thicknesses can be adapted, the multidimensional adjustment design makes the equipment flexible to adapt to single board type artificial boards with various specifications, avoids damage or sliding of the plate material caused by improper clamping, improves the universality of the equipment, realizes continuous rotation of the plate material during the cooling process, does not interrupt the cooling of the plate material, improves the cooling of the plate material and the cooling effect of the plate material, shortens the production cycle, and strengthens the hot-pressing forming effect and the strength of the plate material.

[0018] Preferably, the box top is provided with an air outlet hole, and a filter screen is installed in the air outlet hole by screws.

[0019] Preferably, the box interior is provided with an adjusting telescopic rod at both ends, one end of the adjusting telescopic rod is provided with a mounting rod by screws, the mounting rod is rotatably connected with an adjusting screw inside, the adjusting screw is connected with a moving plate outside by threads, and the moving plate is provided with a clamping plate at one end and the mounting rod is provided with a clamping plate at one end by screws.

[0020] Preferably, one end of the box outside is fixedly connected with a motor, a belt connecting mechanism is fixedly sleeved outside the motor output shaft, one end of the belt connecting mechanism bottom is fixedly connected with a reciprocating screw, and the reciprocating screw is connected with a heat dissipation fan outside by threads.

[0021] Preferably, the box interior is provided with a limiting column by screws, and the heat dissipation fan is slidably connected outside the limiting column.

[0022] Preferably, the motor output shaft is fixedly connected with one adjusting telescopic rod, and the other adjusting telescopic rod is rotatably connected with the other end of the box.

[0023] Preferably, the adjusting telescopic rod comprises a fixing cylinder, a moving rod and a fixing screw, the moving rod is slidably connected inside the fixing cylinder, and the fixing cylinder and the moving rod are fixed by the fixing screw.

[0024] Preferably, the mounting rod is provided with a moving groove at a position corresponding to the moving plate, and the moving plate outside is in contact with the inner wall of the moving groove.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. High flame-retardant efficiency and environmental protection: The phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame-retardant system is used without adding halogen components, and the flame-retardant components are firmly fixed through cross-linking to greatly improve the flame-retardant efficiency and avoid the release of toxic gases; 2. Outstanding metal corrosion resistance: By reducing the content of free conductive ions (oxidizing agents and acidic substances), the chemical reaction with metal connectors is inhibited, prolonging the service life of the plate and the matching metal parts; 3. Low smoke and low toxicity for safety: By optimizing the smoke suppression mechanism, the smoke generation and smoke toxicity during plate burning are reduced, improving the safety of personnel escape in fire scenarios; 4. Easy industrialization of the process: The entire manufacturing process is highly compatible with existing single board artificial board production lines, without the need for large-scale equipment modification, allowing for rapid demonstration production and industrial application; 5. The plate turning machine of the present application can realize continuous rotation of the plate during cooling, without interrupting the cooling of the plate, improving the cooling of the plate and the cooling effect of the plate, shortening the production cycle, improving the production efficiency, and strengthening the hot pressing forming effect and the strength of the plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the filter screen mounting structure of the plate turning machine of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation fan mounting structure of the plate turning machine of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the Figure 2 enlarged structure of area A in the present application; Figure legend: 1, box body; 2, box door; 3, filter screen; 4, air outlet hole; 5, adjusting telescopic rod; 6, mounting rod; 7, adjusting screw; 8, moving plate; 9, clamping plate; 10, motor; 11, belt connection mechanism; 12, reciprocating screw; 13, heat dissipation fan; 14, limit column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The manufacturing process of the high-performance flame-retardant plywood includes: S1. Prepare a flame-retardant cross-linking treatment solution: Mix polyphosphoric acid ammonium (main flame retardant) with epoxy cross-linking agent at a mass ratio of 4:1, add deionized water and stir until uniform, adjust the solid content to 25%, and obtain the treatment solution.

[0029] S2. Single board pretreatment: Select poplar single board with a thickness of 2.0 mm, dry to a moisture content of 10%, and treat by immersion method with an immersion pressure of 0.2 MPa and an immersion time of 45 min.

[0030] S3. Hot pressing: the impregnated veneer is stacked in a 3-layer symmetrical structure, and hot pressing is performed at a temperature of 135°C and a pressure of 1.2 MPa for 15 min.

[0031] S4. Post-processing: after cooling, the edges are trimmed to obtain the flame-retardant plywood.

[0032] In step S3 of hot pressing, a veneer turning machine is used to cool the board after gluing and hot pressing, as shown in Figures 1-3 The turning machine includes a box body 1 and a box door 2. The box body 1 has an air outlet hole 4 at the top. A filter screen 3 is installed inside the air outlet hole 4 by screws. Adjustable telescopic rods 5 are arranged at both ends of the box body 1. An installation rod 6 is installed at one end of the adjustable telescopic rod 5 by screws. An adjusting screw 7 is rotatably connected inside the installation rod 6. A moving plate 8 is connected to the outer side of the adjusting screw 7 by threads. Clamping plates 9 are installed at one end of the moving plate 8 and one end of the installation rod 6 by screws. A motor 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the outer side of the box body 1. A belt connecting mechanism 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outer side of the motor 10. A reciprocating screw 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outer side of the belt connecting mechanism 11. Heat dissipation fans 13 are connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw 12 by threads.

[0033] Limiting columns 14 are installed inside the box body 1 by screws. The heat dissipation fans 13 are slidably connected to the outer side of the limiting columns 14, which can limit the heat dissipation fans 13 and ensure the stability of the movement of the heat dissipation fans 13.

[0034] The output shaft of the motor 10 is fixedly connected to one of the adjustable telescopic rods 5. The other adjustable telescopic rod 5 is embedded and rotatably connected to the other end of the box body 1, which facilitates the rotation of the adjustable telescopic rod 5 and ensures the stability of the rotation of the adjustable telescopic rod 5.

[0035] The adjustable telescopic rod 5 includes a fixed cylinder, a moving rod, and a fixed screw. The moving rod is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder. The fixed cylinder and the moving rod are fixed by the fixed screw, which facilitates the length adjustment of the adjustable telescopic rod 5 and the adjustment of the distance between the two clamping plates 9.

[0036] The installation rod 6 has a moving groove corresponding to the position of the moving plate 8. The outer side of the moving plate 8 is in contact with the inner wall of the moving groove, which ensures the stability of the movement of the moving plate 8 and avoids the problem of shaking when the moving plate 8 moves.

[0037] First, loosen the fixed screw of the adjustable telescopic rod 5, pull the moving rod to adjust the overall length, and make the distance between the two installation rods 6 adapt to the width of the board. After adjustment, tighten the fixed screw; then rotate the adjusting screw 7 to drive the moving plate 8 to move along the moving groove of the installation rod 6, adjust the distance between the clamping plates 9, and make it adapt to the thickness of the board, so that the board can be stably clamped without damage. Open the box door 2, place the single board type artificial board to be cooled between the two clamping plates 9, confirm that the board position is centered, then adjust the screw rod 7 again to make the clamping plate 9 closely adhere to the surface of the board, complete clamping, close the box door 2, ensure that the box 1 is sealed to reduce the leakage of cold air; start the motor 10, the motor 10 output shaft drives the reciprocating screw rod 12 to rotate through the belt connection mechanism 11, the reciprocating screw rod 12 drives the cooling fan 13 to move linearly along the limiting column 14, the cooling fan 13 performs overall air cooling on the surface of the board, at the same time, the hot air in the box is discharged through the top air outlet hole 4, the filter screen 3 prevents external impurities from entering the box 1, and the inside of the box is kept clean. The motor 10 output shaft drives the adjustment telescopic rod 5 fixedly connected therewith to rotate, and the other adjustment telescopic rod 5 synchronously rotates, thereby driving the clamped board to continuously overturn, so that the board can be fully cooled, the cooling efficiency of the board is improved, the cooling time of the board is reduced, and the cooling effect of the board is ensured.

[0038] The board combustion performance is detected according to GB 8624-2012 “Classification of Building Materials and Products Combustion Performance”.

[0039] Through detection, the oxygen index of the plywood is 34%, the metal corrosion rate is 0.03mm / a, and the smoke toxicity level is ZA3 level.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The manufacturing process of the high-performance flame-retardant blockboard includes: S1. Prepare a flame-retardant cross-linking treatment liquid: mix melamine (main flame retardant) and epoxy cross-linking agent at a mass ratio of 5:1, add deionized water and stir until uniform, adjust the solid content to 30%, and obtain the treatment liquid.

[0042] S2. Single board pretreatment: select pine single boards (top plate) with a thickness of 1.5mm, dry to a moisture content of 8%, and treat by spraying, with a spraying amount of 120g / m²; the core layer is spliced by wood strips impregnated with the same treatment liquid.

[0043] S3. Hot pressing: stack according to the “top plate-core layer-top plate” structure, and hot press at a temperature of 150℃ and a pressure of 1.5MPa for 20min.

[0044] S4. Post-treatment: trim the edges after cooling to obtain the flame-retardant blockboard.

[0045] Through detection, the oxygen index of the blockboard is 33%, the metal corrosion rate is 0.04mm / a, and the smoke toxicity level is ZA3 level.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] The same as example 1, except that the flame-retardant cross-linking treatment liquid prepared in step S1 is an environmentally friendly flame-retardant amino resin adhesive based on organic phosphorus-isocyanate composite modification, which is prepared by the following components in parts by weight: urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer 100 parts, organic phosphorus-isocyanate composite modifier 5 parts, catalyst 0.01 parts, water 1 part, and appropriate amount of pH adjuster.

[0048] It is detected that the oxygen index of the plywood is 35%, the metal corrosion rate is 0.04 mm / a, and the smoke toxicity level is ZA3 level.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] The same as example 1, except that the flame-retardant cross-linking treatment liquid prepared in step S1 is an environmentally friendly flame-retardant amino resin adhesive based on organic phosphorus-isocyanate composite modification, which is prepared by the following components in parts by weight: urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer 100 parts, organic phosphorus-isocyanate composite modifier 5 parts, catalyst 0.01 parts, water 1 part, and appropriate amount of pH adjuster.

[0051] It is detected that the oxygen index of the plywood is 35%, the metal corrosion rate is 0.04 mm / a, and the smoke toxicity level is ZA3 level.

[0052] The specific embodiments are only an explanation of the present application, which is not a limitation of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without creative contribution after reading the specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process for a high-performance flame-retardant veneer-type engineered wood panel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of green synergistic flame retardant crosslinking treatment solution: S2. Veneer pretreatment: Dry the wood veneer to a moisture content of 8%-12%, and then use impregnation or spraying to make the flame retardant crosslinking treatment liquid in step 1 evenly adhere to the surface and internal pores of the veneer. S3. Hot pressing: The pre-treated veneers are stacked according to the preset number of layers and hot-pressed for 10-20 minutes at a temperature of 120-150℃ and a pressure of 1.0-1.5MPa. The cross-linking reaction achieves the enhanced bonding between the veneers and fixes the flame-retardant components inside the board. S4. Post-processing: Cool and trim the hot-pressed board to obtain a high-performance flame-retardant veneer type engineered wood panel.

2. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 involves preparing a green synergistic flame retardant crosslinking treatment liquid by mixing phosphorus and nitrogen flame retardants and crosslinking agents in a certain proportion, adding deionized water and stirring evenly to form a flame retardant crosslinking treatment liquid. The flame retardant crosslinking system does not contain free strong oxidizing or strong acidic conductive ions.

3. The manufacturing process according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the mass ratio of phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant to crosslinking agent is 3:1-5:1, and the solid content of the flame retardant crosslinking treatment liquid is 20%-30%.

4. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The immersion time in step S2 is 30-60 min, the immersion pressure is 0.1-0.3 MPa, and the spraying amount is 100-150 g / m².

5. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame-retardant crosslinking treatment liquid is an environmentally friendly flame-retardant amino resin adhesive based on organophosphorus-isocyanate composite modification, which is prepared by the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of amino resin prepolymer, 5-25 parts of organophosphorus-isocyanate composite modifier, 0.01-0.5 parts of catalyst, 0-15 parts of water and appropriate amount of pH adjuster.

6. The manufacturing process according to claim 5, characterized in that, The amino resin prepolymer is one of urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer, melamine-formaldehyde resin prepolymer, and melamine-urea-formaldehyde cocondensation resin prepolymer; the total molar ratio of formaldehyde to amino-containing compound in the amino resin prepolymer is (1.3~1.8):1, and the amino-containing compound is at least one of urea and melamine.

7. The manufacturing process according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, In step S3, during hot pressing, a flipping machine is used to cool the hot-pressed sheet material after gluing. The flipping machine includes a box (1) and a door (2). The box (1) is equipped with a clamping plate (9) for clamping the sheet material. One clamping plate (9) is adjustable and rotatable. The clamping plate (9) is driven by a motor (10). The box (1) is equipped with a reciprocating cooling fan (13). The cooling fan (13) moves synchronously with the rotation of the clamping plate (9). The box (1) is equipped with an adjustable telescopic rod (5) at both ends. An installation rod (6) is installed at one end of the adjustable telescopic rod (5) by screws. An adjusting screw (7) is rotatably connected inside the installation rod (6). A moving plate (8) is threadedly connected to the outside of the adjusting screw (7). A clamping plate (9) is installed at one end of the moving plate (8) and one end of the installation rod (6) by screws.

8. The manufacturing process according to claim 7, characterized in that, A motor (10) is fixedly connected to one end of the outer side of the housing (1). A belt connecting mechanism (11) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the output shaft of the motor (10). A reciprocating screw (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the belt connecting mechanism (11). A cooling fan (13) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw (12). A moving groove is opened at the position of the mounting rod (6) corresponding to the moving plate (8). The outer side of the moving plate (8) is in contact with the inner wall of the moving groove. The output shaft of the motor (10) is fixedly connected to an adjusting telescopic rod (5). The other adjusting telescopic rod (5) is embedded and rotatably connected to the other end of the housing (1).

9. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The veneer-type engineered wood panels include plywood and blockboard, and the thickness of the wood veneer is 1.5-3.0 mm.

10. A high-performance flame-retardant veneer-type engineered wood panel, characterized in that, The artificial board is manufactured using the manufacturing process described in any one of claims 1-9. The oxygen index of the board is ≥32%, the toxicity level of the flue gas during combustion reaches ZA3 level in GB / T 20284-2006, and the corrosion rate of the metal connectors is ≤0.05mm / a.

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