Pulse-based high-voltage insulativity detection method and system and storage medium thereof
By applying controlled DC current and analyzing the voltage waveform, the problem of accurate insulation detection of high-voltage equipment on the locomotive roof in humid environments was solved, enabling rapid and accurate insulation status judgment and improving driving safety and transportation efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511279957.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing insulation testing methods for high-voltage equipment on locomotive roofs cannot accurately test insulation status in humid environments, resulting in the inability to detect high-voltage equipment failures in a timely manner, affecting driving safety and transportation efficiency.
A pulse-based high-voltage insulation testing method is adopted. By applying a controlled DC current to the high-voltage circuit under test, the current is gradually increased to a set target value, maintained, and then the current is cut off and the voltage waveform information is collected. Time-domain and frequency-domain analysis is performed to determine the insulation condition.
It can generate high-voltage pulse signals in various environments, quickly and accurately detect the insulation status of high-voltage circuits, and ensure equipment safety and transportation efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121114685A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of locomotive maintenance, specifically to a pulse-based high-voltage insulation testing method, system, and storage medium thereof. Background Technology
[0002] The high-voltage equipment on the roof of electric locomotives is installed outdoors and mainly includes the pantograph, main circuit breaker, roof busbar, surge arrester, high-voltage transformer, pantograph, and roof busbar support insulators. Sufficient high-voltage insulation between the 25kV high-voltage electrical equipment and the locomotive roof is required to prevent damage from severe weather conditions such as wind, sand, rain, and snow, as well as lightning strikes and atmospheric overvoltages. The insulation testing of the roof-mounted high-voltage equipment in each locomotive depot uses megohmmeters, but their output power is relatively low and cannot fully reflect the insulation level of the equipment. When the electric locomotive is pulling a train, if the high-voltage equipment on the locomotive roof malfunctions or is caused by other reasons, such as pantograph scraping, explosion of the nonlinear resistor porcelain insulator in the main circuit breaker's arc-extinguishing chamber, foreign objects on the roof, or flashover of the support insulators, causing the high-voltage equipment to ground or the roof insulation to decrease, the crew cannot determine the fault. Raising the pantograph again will lead to high-voltage discharge and grounding, causing anything from the pantograph's sliding plate sticking to the contact wire to burning out the contact wire, resulting in a major fault. Furthermore, in the event of heavy fog or rain / snow, if multiple locomotives operate under a single power supply section and one locomotive experiences an insulator flashover, multiple locomotives will malfunction, severely impacting operational safety and the normal order of railway transportation. Encountering such situations during operation typically requires requesting a power outage for rooftop work, which is time-consuming (requiring the location of insulation damage, isolation measures, etc.), disrupts normal transport operations, significantly impacts transport efficiency, and also poses safety hazards during power outages on the roof.
[0003] The principle and shortcomings of existing high-voltage insulation devices: The current AC / DC locomotive roof insulation monitoring device uses the existing locomotive voltage transformer to slowly increase the voltage and send back 50Hz low-voltage AC to obtain a gradually increasing 25KV high voltage. The insulation of each porcelain insulator on the roof is then tested to determine whether the locomotive can be raised to run on the line.
[0004] Because the existing voltage transformers on the locomotives have limited power, reverse transmission is not allowed in principle. While the roof-mounted porcelain insulators can reach the rated voltage of 25KV under dry conditions, in rainy and humid conditions, even if the low-power voltage transformers are overloaded for a short time, they can only reach about 7KV. This is insufficient to test the locomotive's insulation status under the rated voltage during normal operation. There have been many cases where the locomotive passed the test at the locomotive depot, but the high-voltage equipment on the roof broke down after going online. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method. This method utilizes the characteristics of the main transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test to generate a pulse-type high-voltage detection signal, and analyzes the signal to determine the insulation condition of the high-voltage circuit under test.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method, including... Apply a controlled DC current with controlled voltage and current to the transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test; Gradually increase the output current of the DC power supply until the set target value is reached, and monitor the DC power supply in real time during this process; Once the output current reaches the set target value, it is maintained for a specified time. When the specified time is reached, the current and voltage output of the tributary are cut off, and the voltage waveform information of the high-voltage circuit under test is collected at the moment of cutoff. In principle, the voltage waveform information should be a high-voltage pulse signal with multiple oscillations at the starting point, an amplitude of not less than 25KV after stabilization, and a width of >4ms.
[0007] The time and frequency domains of the voltage waveform information are analyzed to obtain the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test; The waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test are compared with the standard waveform characteristics to determine the insulation status of the high-voltage circuit under test.
[0008] Optionally, a method of applying a DC current to the transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test is to apply a DC current to the auxiliary transformer of the main transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test, wherein the voltage of the DC current does not exceed 20V.
[0009] Optionally, methods for determining the insulation condition of the high-voltage circuit under test include: If the waveform characteristics of the tested high-voltage circuit are all within the error range after comparing with the standard waveform characteristics in terms of waveform shape, rise time, fall time, energy distribution at each frequency, and maximum waveform amplitude, then the insulation condition is judged to be good. When the waveform characteristics of the tested high-voltage circuit are compared with the standard waveform characteristics, and the waveform amplitude is lower, or the waveform fall time is shorter, or the spectral energy distribution is higher in the high-frequency part above 3KHz in addition to the fundamental frequency, it is considered as poor insulation or insulation breakdown. If the waveform characteristic data of the high-voltage circuit under test is 0, it is determined that there is a short circuit in the high-voltage circuit under test.
[0010] Optionally, the set target value is an empirical value, and the factors affecting the set target value are the transformer model and parameters of the high-voltage circuit under test, environmental conditions, and the equivalent impedance of the circuit under test.
[0011] Secondly, the present invention provides a pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection system, including... The loading module is used to apply a controlled DC current with controlled voltage and current to the transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test. The current control module is used to gradually increase the output current of the DC power supply until the set target value is reached, and to monitor the DC power supply in real time during this process. The sustaining module is used to maintain the output current for a specified time after it reaches the set target value. The waveform acquisition module is used to maintain the output of the current and voltage of the tributary for a specified time, and to start acquiring the voltage waveform information of the high voltage circuit under test at the moment of disconnection. The waveform feature acquisition module is used to analyze the time domain and frequency domain of the voltage waveform information to acquire the waveform features of the high voltage circuit under test. The judgment module is used to compare the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test with the standard waveform characteristics to determine the insulation status of the high-voltage circuit under test.
[0012] Thirdly, the present invention provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that the program is executed by a processor to implement a pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method.
[0013] The present invention has the following advantages: This invention relates to a pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method, system, and storage medium. The method utilizes the inherent characteristics of the main transformer in the tested high-voltage circuit to generate a pulsed high-voltage detection signal (i.e., the waveform characteristics of the tested high-voltage circuit). The insulation condition of the tested high-voltage circuit is then determined by analyzing this signal. Based on the parameters of the EFAT 6744 traction transformer in the HXD1 locomotive and actual test results, this signal can generate an instantaneous high-voltage peak of over 25KV with a width >4ms (0.7 times the peak pulse width >1ms) on the primary side of the main transformer.
[0014] This invention supplies low-power, low-voltage DC power to the locomotive's main transformer and then instantly cuts off the output. The transformer's inductive characteristics generate a pulsed high-voltage signal. The transformer's own characteristics are then used to generate a pulsed high-voltage detection signal (i.e., the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test). Analysis of this signal determines the insulation condition of the high-voltage circuit. This method produces a sufficiently powerful high-voltage signal that can generate millisecond-level high-voltage pulses exceeding the operating peak voltage under various conditions, providing accurate withstand voltage results within 1 to 2 seconds. It can detect the withstand voltage status of the main transformer's high-voltage windings and all roof insulation equipment.
[0015] The present invention is compared with the prior art as follows: 1) Comparison of detection signal generation: .
[0016] 2) Comparison of test results: .
[0017] 3) Comparison of applications and innovations: . Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of the pulse-based high-voltage insulation testing system described in this invention; Figure 3 These are the time-domain and frequency-domain plots of normal insulation. Figure 4 These are the time-domain and frequency-domain plots of the insulation breakdown. In the diagram: 100, Loading module; 200, Current control module; 300, Maintenance module; 400, Waveform acquisition module; 500, Waveform feature acquisition module; 600, Judgment module. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.
[0020] In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0021] As described in the background section, the principle and shortcomings of existing high-voltage insulation devices are as follows: The current AC / DC locomotive roof insulation monitoring device uses the existing locomotive voltage transformer to slowly increase the voltage and send back 50Hz low-voltage AC to obtain a gradually increasing 25KV high voltage. The insulation of each porcelain insulator on the roof is then tested to determine whether the locomotive can be raised to run on the line.
[0022] Because the existing voltage transformers on the locomotives have limited power, reverse transmission is not allowed in principle. While the roof-mounted porcelain insulators can reach the rated voltage of 25KV under dry conditions, in rainy and humid conditions, even if the low-power voltage transformers are overloaded for a short time, they can only reach about 7KV. This is insufficient to test the locomotive's insulation status under the rated voltage during normal operation. There have been many cases where the locomotive passed the test at the locomotive depot, but the high-voltage equipment on the roof broke down after going online.
[0023] For the reasons mentioned above, this embodiment provides a pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step S100: Apply a DC current with controlled voltage and current to the transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test; Step S200: Gradually increase the output current of the DC power supply until the target value is set, and monitor the DC power supply in real time during this process; Step S300: After the output current reaches the set target value, it is maintained for a specified time; Step S400: When the specified time is reached, cut off the current and voltage output of the branch current, and start collecting the voltage waveform information of the high voltage circuit under test at the moment of cut-off. Step S500: Analyze the time domain and frequency domain of the voltage waveform information to obtain the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test; Step S600: Compare the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test with the standard waveform characteristics to determine the insulation status of the high-voltage circuit under test.
[0024] For example, in step S100, the method of applying a DC current to the transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test is to apply the DC current to the auxiliary transformer of the main transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test. The voltage of the DC current shall not exceed 20V. Excessive voltage will cause the output power of the device to increase, which will lead to heat generation and increased size of the device.
[0025] The aforementioned technical feature involves supplying low-power, low-voltage DC power to the locomotive's main transformer, then instantaneously cutting off the output. The transformer's inductive characteristics generate a pulsed high-voltage signal. The transformer's own characteristics are then used to generate a pulsed high-voltage detection signal (i.e., the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test). This signal is analyzed to determine the insulation condition of the high-voltage circuit under test. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The waveform characteristics of normal insulation and insulation breakdown during multiple tests are shown, among which... Figure 3 These are the time-domain and frequency-domain plots of normal insulation. Figure 4These are the time-domain and frequency-domain diagrams of insulation breakdown. According to the parameters of the EFAT 6744 traction transformer of the HXD1 locomotive and the actual test results, this signal can generate an instantaneous high voltage peak of more than 25KV and a width of >4ms (0.7 times the peak pulse width >1ms) on the primary side of the main transformer.
[0026] In one embodiment, the method for determining the insulation condition of the high-voltage circuit under test in step 600 includes: If the waveform characteristics of the tested high-voltage circuit are all within the error range after comparing with the standard waveform characteristics in terms of waveform shape, rise time, fall time, energy distribution at each frequency, and maximum waveform amplitude, then the insulation condition is judged to be good. When the waveform characteristics of the tested high-voltage circuit are compared with the standard waveform characteristics, and the waveform amplitude is lower, or the waveform fall time is shorter, or the energy distribution of the spectrum is increased in the high-frequency part above 10K frequency, except near the fundamental frequency, it is considered as poor insulation or insulation breakdown. If the waveform characteristic data of the high-voltage circuit under test is 0, it is determined that there is a short circuit in the high-voltage circuit under test.
[0027] The insulation performance can be determined by comparing the waveform shape, rise time, fall time, energy distribution at each frequency, and maximum waveform amplitude of the high-voltage circuit under test, as described above.
[0028] For example, in step S200, the set target value is an empirical value, and the factors affecting the set target value are the transformer model and parameters of the high-voltage circuit under test, environmental conditions, and the equivalent impedance of the circuit under test.
[0029] For example, in step S200, the method for real-time monitoring of the DC current is to implement the monitoring process through the device's analog board. During the output of DC current, the analog board synchronously collects the output current value. The collected current value serves as a control feedback loop, enabling the output current to be adjusted in real time according to the feedback value, so as to ensure that the output current can always remain stable near the target value.
[0030] For example, maintaining the current for a specified time in step S300 is to ensure that the DC output current is a stable, reliable DC current with minimal fluctuations when the device cuts off the current. It also provides preparation time for the signal acquisition device (such as an MCU) to acquire the voltage waveform at high speed. This time is an empirical value and generally needs to be determined based on the field application environment. It should not be too long, as this will affect the efficiency of the entire insulation test. It should also not be too short, as this may result in the output current just reaching the target value before it has stabilized, affecting the waveform of the subsequently induced voltage and the accuracy of the final insulation detection.
[0031] For example, the time-domain analysis in step S500 is mainly to determine the rise time, fall time, and maximum value of the waveform to clarify its specific shape; the frequency-domain analysis is mainly to obtain the frequency components and spectral distribution to clarify the energy distribution of each frequency component. Additionally, due to the distributed capacitance and inductance in the test circuit, several high-frequency oscillation signals may be generated at the acquisition end at the instant the device cuts off the current circuit. These oscillation signals cannot be used as valid high-voltage detection signals and should be identified as interference. It should be ensured that this interference does not affect the final detection result.
[0032] For example, in step S600, the method for comparing the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test with the standard waveform characteristics can be to input the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test into a standard model for comparison. The standard model determines that the waveform shape, rise time, fall time, energy distribution at each frequency, and maximum waveform amplitude are all within the error range after comparison. Alternatively, it can determine the waveform amplitude (e.g., shape), waveform rise / fall time, spectral energy distribution, and high-frequency energy above 10kHz. The standard model shown is a network model implemented using a neural network algorithm. Before use, the network model is trained with standard data until it has the ability to judge the input parameters. The standard data includes waveform shape, rise time, fall time, energy distribution at each frequency, and maximum waveform amplitude.
[0033] In another embodiment, a pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection system is provided, such as... Figure 2 As shown, including The loading module is used to apply a controlled DC current with controlled voltage and current to the transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test. The current control module is used to gradually increase the output current of the DC power supply until the set target value is reached, and to monitor the DC power supply in real time during this process. The sustaining module is used to maintain the output current for a specified time after it reaches the set target value. The waveform acquisition module is used to maintain the output of the current and voltage of the tributary for a specified time, and to start acquiring the voltage waveform information of the high voltage circuit under test at the moment of disconnection. The waveform feature acquisition module is used to analyze the time domain and frequency domain of the voltage waveform information to acquire the waveform features of the high voltage circuit under test. The judgment module is used to compare the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test with the standard waveform characteristics to determine the insulation status of the high-voltage circuit under test.
[0034] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0035] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-readable program code.
[0036] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create a machine for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.
[0037] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.
[0038] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.
[0039] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which is executed by a processor to implement the pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method described above.
[0040] If the modules / units integrated in the pulse-based high-voltage insulation testing system / terminal equipment are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above.
[0041] The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.
[0042] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
[0043] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
[0044] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.
[0045] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application.
[0046] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A pulse-based high-voltage insulation testing method, characterized in that: include Apply a controlled DC current with controlled voltage and current to the transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test; Gradually increase the output current of the DC power supply until the set target value is reached, and monitor the DC power supply in real time during this process; Once the output current reaches the set target value, it is maintained for a specified time. When the specified time is reached, the current and voltage output of the tributary are cut off, and the voltage waveform information of the high-voltage circuit under test is collected at the moment of cutoff. The time and frequency domains of the voltage waveform information are analyzed to obtain the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test; The waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test are compared with the standard waveform characteristics to determine the insulation status of the high-voltage circuit under test.
2. The pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of applying a DC current to the transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test is to apply the DC current to the auxiliary transformer of the main transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test, and the voltage of the DC current shall not exceed 20V.
3. The pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Methods for determining the insulation condition of the high-voltage circuit under test include: If the waveform characteristics of the tested high-voltage circuit are all within the error range after comparing with the standard waveform characteristics in terms of waveform shape, rise time, fall time, energy distribution at each frequency, and maximum waveform amplitude, then the insulation condition is judged to be good. When the waveform characteristics of the tested high-voltage circuit are compared with the standard waveform characteristics, and the waveform amplitude is lower, or the waveform fall time is shorter, or the energy distribution of the spectrum is increased in the high-frequency part above 10K frequency, except near the fundamental frequency, it is considered as poor insulation or insulation breakdown. If the waveform characteristic data of the high-voltage circuit under test is 0, it is determined that there is a short circuit in the high-voltage circuit under test.
4. The pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The set target value is an empirical value. The factors affecting the set target value are the transformer model and parameters of the high-voltage circuit under test, environmental conditions, and the equivalent impedance of the circuit under test.
5. A pulse-based high-voltage insulation testing system, characterized in that: include The loading module is used to apply a controlled DC current with controlled voltage and current to the transformer of the high-voltage circuit under test. The current control module is used to gradually increase the output current of the DC power supply until the set target value is reached, and to monitor the DC power supply in real time during this process. The sustaining module is used to maintain the output current for a specified time after it reaches the set target value. The waveform acquisition module is used to maintain the output of the current and voltage of the tributary for a specified time, and to start acquiring the voltage waveform information of the high voltage circuit under test at the moment of disconnection. The waveform feature acquisition module is used to analyze the time domain and frequency domain of the voltage waveform information to acquire the waveform features of the high voltage circuit under test. The judgment module is used to compare the waveform characteristics of the high-voltage circuit under test with the standard waveform characteristics to determine the insulation status of the high-voltage circuit under test.
6. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement the pulse-based high-voltage insulation detection method as described in any one of claims 1-4.