Battery management system, management method and battery system

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery management system, a management method and a battery system, and belongs to the technical field of batteries, the battery management system comprises a sensing module and a processing module, the sensing module is used for being connected with a single battery and obtaining a characterization signal of the single battery; the characterization signal comprises a pressure signal, a temperature signal, a shell deformation signal, a potential signal, a current signal and a voltage signal of the single battery; the processing module is in communication connection with the sensing module, and the processing module is used for receiving the characterization signal of the single battery, transmitting the characterization signal to the cloud system, and dynamically adjusting the operation state of the single battery based on the calculation of the cloud system. According to the arrangement, the key parameters of the single battery are subjected to real-time accurate nondestructive measurement through the sensing module, the characterization signal of the single battery can be accurately obtained in real time, the state of the single battery can be accurately mastered, adjustment measures can be taken in time, the real-time performance and accuracy of battery management are improved, and the safety and reliability of the single battery are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery management system, management method and battery system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, temperature and voltage sensors are typically placed on the outer casing of lithium batteries to collect information such as temperature and voltage. However, parameters such as internal air pressure and deformation are collected through testing, which cannot meet the requirement of quantifying and dynamically adjusting the overall state of the battery in real time based on the sensed data. Summary of the Invention

[0003] A battery management system, a management method, and a battery system are provided to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] In a first aspect, a battery management system is provided, comprising: The sensing module is used to connect to the individual battery cells and acquire the characterization signals of the individual battery cells, including pressure signals, temperature signals, casing deformation signals, potential signals, current signals and voltage signals of the individual battery cells. The processing module is communicatively connected to the sensing module. The processing module is used to receive the characterization signals of individual cells and transmit them to the cloud system, and dynamically adjust the operating status of individual cells based on the calculations of the cloud system.

[0005] In some embodiments, the sensing module includes a pressure sensing module disposed around the injection hole of the individual battery cell, and the pressure sensing module is used to acquire the pressure signal of the individual battery cell; the processing module is used to perform thermal runaway assessment of the individual battery cell based on calculations of the cloud system.

[0006] In some embodiments, the sensing module further includes a temperature sensing module, which is disposed on the side of the positive electrode tab of the single cell close to the electrode assembly of the single cell, and is used to acquire the temperature signal of the single cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the sensing module further includes a deformation sensing module, which is fixed to a large area of ​​the casing of the single battery cell and is used to acquire the deformation signal of the casing of the single battery cell.

[0008] In some embodiments, the deformation sensing module includes a plurality of strain gauges connected in parallel.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sensing module further includes a reference electrode module, which is connected to the electrode assembly of the individual battery cell; the reference electrode module is used to acquire the potential signal of the individual battery cell.

[0010] In some embodiments, the sensing module further includes a current sensing module, which is installed at the battery terminal and is used to collect the current signal of a single battery cell.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes a power supply module, which is electrically connected to the sensing module and the processing module, respectively. The power supply module is used to obtain power from individual batteries and supply power to the sensing module and the processing module.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery system, including a single battery cell and the aforementioned battery management system.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery management method, the method comprising: The sensing module acquires characterization signals of individual cells, including pressure signals, temperature signals, casing deformation signals, potential signals, current signals, and voltage signals of individual cells. The processing module receives the representation signal acquired by the sensing module and transmits the representation signal to the cloud system; The processing module dynamically adjusts the operating status of individual battery cells based on the calculation results of the cloud system.

[0014] In some embodiments, after transmitting the characterization signal to a cloud system, the method includes: The cloud-based system performs health status assessment, thermal runaway assessment, and lithium plating assessment based on characterization signals.

[0015] In some embodiments, after the cloud system performs a health status assessment on the characterization signal, the method includes: Individual cells with different health conditions are classified based on health status assessment.

[0016] In some embodiments, the processing module dynamically adjusts the individual battery cells based on the calculation results of the cloud system, including at least one of the following: The processing module adjusts the charging and discharging strategy of individual batteries. Based on the current signal, temperature signal and voltage signal of the individual battery, it limits the maximum charging rate and maximum discharging rate of the individual battery and matches the corresponding charging cut-off voltage and discharging cut-off voltage. The processing module adjusts the thermal management strategy for individual cells, heating or cooling the abnormal temperature areas of individual cells based on the temperature signals of the individual cells. The processing module responds to the safety policy of a single battery cell. When the characteristic signal of a single battery cell remains below a preset value, an alarm signal is triggered.

[0017] This application provides a battery management system, including a sensing module and a processing module. The sensing module connects to individual battery cells and acquires characterization signals of the cells, including pressure, temperature, casing deformation, potential, current, and voltage signals. The processing module is communicatively connected to the sensing module, receives the characterization signals from the individual battery cells, transmits them to a cloud system, and dynamically adjusts the operating state of the individual battery cells based on calculations performed by the cloud system. This configuration allows for real-time, accurate, and non-destructive measurement of key parameters of individual battery cells via the sensing module, enabling the real-time and accurate acquisition of characterization signals. After transmitting the collected data to the cloud system, the operating state of the individual battery cells can be quantitatively analyzed and dynamically adjusted in real time based on these signals. This allows for precise understanding of the individual battery cell status, timely adjustment measures, improved real-time performance and accuracy of battery management, and enhanced safety and reliability of the individual battery cells.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of a single battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 3 An exploded view of a single cell provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of a single battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a single battery cell provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a single battery cell provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating a battery management method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Single cell; 2. Sensing module; 3. Processing module; 4. Power supply module; 10. Cover plate; 11. Positive terminal; 12. Negative terminal; 13. Positive electrode tab; 14. Negative electrode tab; 15. Connecting piece; 16. Core; 17. FPC; 18. Housing; 19. Liquid filling port; 20. Pressure sensing module; 21. Temperature sensing module; 22. Deformation sensing module; 23. Reference electrode module; 100. Battery management system; 180. Large area of ​​housing; 200. Pressure sensor; 201. Smart cell module; 220. Strain gauge; 230. Reference terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0030] The applicant noted that currently, temperature and voltage information are typically collected by placing temperature and voltage sensors on the lithium battery casing, while parameters such as internal air pressure and deformation are collected through testing. This method cannot achieve non-destructive, high-frequency, real-time acquisition of battery characterization parameters, nor can it meet the purpose of quantitatively modeling and dynamically adjusting the overall battery status based on sensing data in real time, and managing risks in advance.

[0031] In view of this, this application provides a battery management system 100, including a sensing module 2 and a processing module 3. The sensing module 2 is connected to a single battery cell 1 and acquires characterization signals of the single battery cell 1, including pressure signals, temperature signals, deformation signals of the casing 18, potential signals, current signals, and voltage signals. The processing module 3 is communicatively connected to the sensing module 2 and receives the characterization signals of the single battery cell 1 and transmits them to a cloud system. Based on the calculations of the cloud system, the processing module dynamically adjusts the operating state of the single battery cell 1. With this configuration, the sensing module performs real-time, accurate, and non-destructive measurements of the key parameters of the single battery cell 1, enabling real-time and accurate acquisition of characterization signals. After transmitting the acquired data to the cloud system, the operating state of the single battery cell 1 can be quantitatively analyzed and dynamically adjusted in real time based on the characterization signals. This allows for accurate understanding of the state of the single battery cell 1, timely adjustment measures, improved real-time performance and accuracy of battery management, and enhanced safety and reliability of the single battery cell 1.

[0032] The battery management system, management method, and battery system of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a battery management system 100, including a sensing module 2 and a processing module 3. The sensing module 2 is used to connect to a single battery cell 1 and acquire characterization signals of the single battery cell 1. The characterization signals include pressure signals, temperature signals, deformation signals of the casing 18, potential signals, current signals, and voltage signals of the single battery cell 1. The sensing module 2 is connected to the positive terminal 11, negative terminal 12, electrode assembly, casing 18, and other parts of the single battery cell 1 through FPC 17 (Flexible Printed Circuit) leads, electrode tabs, etc. The processing module 3 is used to receive the characterization signals of the single battery cell 1 and transmit them to a cloud system, and dynamically adjust the operating state of the single battery cell 1 based on the calculations of the cloud system. With this setup, the key parameters of the individual battery 1 can be measured in real time with precision and non-destructive methods through the sensing module. The characteristic signals of the individual battery 1 can be obtained in real time and accurately. After the collected data is transmitted to the cloud system, the operating status of the individual battery 1 can be quantitatively analyzed and dynamically adjusted in real time based on the characteristic signals. This allows for accurate understanding of the status of the individual battery 1 and timely adjustment measures, thereby improving the real-time performance and accuracy of battery management, as well as the safety and reliability of the individual battery 1.

[0034] In some embodiments, the sensing module 2 includes a pressure sensing module 20, which is disposed around the injection hole of the single cell 1. The pressure sensing module 20 is used to acquire the pressure signal of the single cell 1. The processing module 3 is used to perform thermal runaway assessment of the single cell 1 based on calculations from a cloud system. It is understood that, referring to... Figure 6 The pressure sensing module 20 includes a pressure sensor 200 and a smart battery module 201. The pressure sensor 200 is fixed in the cavity below the injection hole, and an electrical signal is transmitted to the smart battery module 201 through a wire led out from the injection hole. The design range of the pressure sensor 200 is greater than the maximum internal pressure value of the battery cell at the EOL (End of Life) stage, and the operating temperature range of the pressure sensor 200 is from -40℃ to 120℃.

[0035] With this setup, the decomposition state of the electrolyte inside a single battery cell 1 can be quantified by comparing the pressure signal fed back by the smart cell module 201 with the pressure model in the cloud system. The cloud system can then perform a thermal runaway assessment of the single battery cell 1 based on the comprehensive calculation results of the pressure signal and other characterizing signals, such as voltage, temperature, pressure, and current signals. For example, multiple test single batteries 1 are actively heated to induce thermal runaway, and the thermal runaway curves of voltage, current, temperature, pressure, and casing deformation of the single battery cell 1 under thermal runaway conditions are collected for initial modeling. During battery application, the voltage, temperature, and pressure signals collected in real time by the sensing module 2 and the current signal collected by the battery terminal are compared with the model, and the proportion of influencing factors is allocated to determine whether the single battery cell 1 has a risk of thermal runaway. The thermal runaway assessment based on the cloud system calculation can identify battery thermal failure risks in advance, avoid thermal runaway accidents, and further improve battery safety.

[0036] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 The sensing module 2 also includes a temperature sensing module 21, which is located on the side of the positive electrode tab 13 of the single cell 1 near the electrode assembly of the single cell 1. The temperature sensing module 21 is used to acquire the temperature signal of the single cell 1. It is understood that the root of the positive electrode tab 13 of the single cell 1 is closest to the surface temperature of the casing 18 of the single cell 1, and the maximum temperature difference between them during charging and discharging is less than or equal to 1.5℃. Therefore, installing the temperature sensing module 21 at this location ensures that the temperature sensing module 21 accurately acquires the actual temperature signal of the single cell 1, avoiding temperature acquisition errors caused by installation position deviations. The fixing method of the temperature sensing module 21 includes, but is not limited to, high-temperature resistant adhesive. The design temperature range of the temperature sensing module 21 is greater than the operating temperature range of the single cell 1; the design temperature range of the temperature sensing module 21 can be between -30℃ and 200℃.

[0037] In some embodiments, the sensing module 2 further includes a current sensing module installed at the battery terminal. The current sensing module is used to collect the current signal of the individual battery cell 1. The battery terminal is the main interface for the battery system to supply power or charge externally. The current sensing module installed here can collect the overall current signal of the system containing the individual battery cell 1 in real time, ensuring that the acquired current data can reflect the actual charging and discharging current of the battery. This provides data support for subsequent health status assessment of the individual battery cell 1 and adjustment of charging and discharging strategies.

[0038] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 The sensing module 2 also includes a deformation sensing module 22, which is fixed to the large surface area 180 of the casing of the single cell 1. The large surface area 180 is where the deformation of the single cell 1 is most obvious and best reflects its internal state, such as electrolyte decomposition and electrode expansion. The deformation sensing module 22 is used to acquire the deformation signal of the casing 180 of the single cell 1, thereby indirectly understanding the changes in the internal state of the single cell 1. The deformation sensing module 22 includes multiple strain gauges 220 connected in parallel. This configuration, by using multiple strain gauges 220 in parallel, allows for the quantitative assessment of the deformation of the entire large surface area 180 of the casing, and also allows for the quantitative assessment of the deformation of the casing 180 in different areas, improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the casing 180 deformation signal acquisition and providing data support for judging the internal state of the single cell 1.

[0039] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 The sensing module 2 also includes a reference electrode module 23, which is connected to the electrode assembly of the single cell 1. The reference electrode module 23 is used to acquire the potential signal of the single cell 1. The structure of the reference electrode module is similar to that of the positive and negative tabs. That is, the core 16 is led out through the tab, and the connecting piece 15 is welded to the side of the tab away from the core 16. The connecting piece 15 is connected to the reference terminal 230. The reference terminal 230 is inserted through the cover plate 10 of the single cell 1. At the same time, the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 are inserted through the cover plate 10 and are spaced apart from the reference terminal 230. By acquiring the potential difference between the reference terminal 230 and the positive and negative terminal 12, the internal potential state of the single cell 1 can be quantified in real time, thereby obtaining the potential information of the single cell 1. With this configuration, the lithium-ion insertion and deposition state inside the single cell 1 can be accurately quantified, and the lithium deposition risk and lithium-ion migration rate of the single cell 1 can be quantitatively assessed.

[0040] In some embodiments, the sensing module 2 further includes a voltage sensing module, which is used to acquire the voltage signal of the individual battery cell 1. It is understood that by leading the voltage signal through the positive and negative terminals 12 to the voltage sensing module, the voltage sensing module can convert the voltage signal into a digital signal, providing data support for subsequent cloud-based systems to perform health status assessments and adjust charging / discharging strategies based on the voltage signal.

[0041] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The battery management system 100 includes a power supply module 4, which is electrically connected to the sensing module 2 and the processing module 3. The power supply module 4 is used to obtain power from the individual battery cells 1 and supply power to the sensing module 2 and the processing module 3. It can be understood that the power supply module 4 can obtain power from the individual battery cells 1 and then deliver the power to the sensing module 2 and the processing module 3 without the need for an external power source. Furthermore, the power supply module can be disconnected when not in operation, thereby avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the battery.

[0042] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery system, including a single battery cell 1 and the aforementioned battery management system 100.

[0043] Thirdly, referring to Figure 8 This application also provides a battery management method, the method comprising: S1: Sensing module 2 acquires characterization signals of individual cell 1, including pressure signal, temperature signal, deformation signal of casing 18, potential signal, current signal and voltage signal of individual cell 1.

[0044] In some embodiments, the sensing module 2 includes a pressure sensing module 20, a temperature sensing module 21, a current sensing module, a deformation sensing module 22, a reference electrode module 23, and a voltage sensing module, thereby acquiring the pressure signal, temperature signal, deformation signal, potential signal, current signal, and voltage signal of the single cell 1.

[0045] S2: The processing module 3 receives the characterization signal acquired by the sensing module 2 and transmits the characterization signal to the cloud system.

[0046] S3: Processing module 3 dynamically adjusts the operating status of individual battery cell 1 based on the calculation results of the cloud system.

[0047] With this setup, the key parameters of the individual battery 1 can be measured in real time with precision and non-destructive methods through the sensing module. The characteristic signals of the individual battery 1 can be obtained in real time and accurately. After the collected data is transmitted to the cloud system, the operating status of the individual battery 1 can be quantitatively analyzed and dynamically adjusted in real time based on the characteristic signals. This allows for accurate understanding of the status of the individual battery 1 and timely adjustment measures, thereby improving the real-time performance and accuracy of battery management, as well as the safety and reliability of the individual battery 1.

[0048] In some embodiments, after the characterization signal is transmitted to the cloud system in S2, the method includes: S20: The cloud system performs SOH (State of Health) assessment, thermal runaway assessment, and lithium plating assessment based on characterization signals. Understandably, by comparing the real-time OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) measured by sensing module 2 with the integral of system current and time, and comparing it with the initial capacity of individual cell 1, the real-time dynamic SOH can be obtained. By removing points with high dispersion in the SOH curve, the SOH state of a single cell 1 can be quantified, thus providing a basis for subsequent graded processing and dynamic adjustment.

[0049] In some embodiments, the cloud system can perform thermal runaway assessment on a single battery cell 1 based on the comprehensive calculation results of the pressure signal and other characterizing signals, such as voltage, temperature, pressure, and current signals. For example, multiple test single batteries 1 are actively heated to induce thermal runaway, and thermal runaway curves of voltage, current, temperature, pressure, and casing deformation of the single battery 1 under thermal runaway conditions are collected for initial modeling. During battery application, the voltage, temperature, and pressure signals collected in real time by the sensing module 2 and the current signal collected by the battery terminal are compared with the model, and the proportion of influencing factors is allocated to determine whether the single battery cell 1 has a risk of thermal runaway. Thermal runaway assessment based on cloud system calculations can identify battery thermal failure risks in advance, avoid thermal runaway accidents, and further improve battery safety.

[0050] In some embodiments, by acquiring the potential difference between the reference terminal 230 and the positive and negative terminals 12, the internal potential state of a single cell 1 can be quantified in real time, thereby obtaining the potential information of the single cell 1. This configuration allows for precise quantification of the lithium-ion insertion and deposition states within the single cell 1, enabling quantitative assessment of the lithium deposition risk and lithium-ion migration rate of the single cell 1.

[0051] In some embodiments, after the cloud system performs a health status assessment on the characterization signal in S20, the method includes: S200: Based on health status assessment, individual cells 1 in different health states are classified.

[0052] In some embodiments, the actual State of Harm (SOH) of a single battery cell 1 obtained from the cloud system is used for tiered processing. For example, when a battery is scrapped after its SOH falls below 70%~80%, it can be tiered according to the SOH of each single battery cell 1, and single batteries 1 in the same tier can be reused according to project requirements. For single batteries 1 with characterization signals significantly below the standard, materials are recycled. Specifically, for single batteries 1 with an SOH of 60%-80% and no safety risk, they are tiered and repurposed for suitable projects such as two-wheeled vehicles or energy storage. This setup enables efficient carbon recycling of the batteries.

[0053] In some embodiments, the processing module 3 in S3 dynamically adjusts the individual battery cell 1 based on the calculation results of the cloud system, including at least one of the following: S30: The processing module 3 adjusts the charging and discharging strategy of the single cell 1. Based on the current signal, temperature signal and voltage signal of the single cell 1, it limits the maximum charging rate and maximum discharging rate of the single cell 1 and matches the corresponding charging cut-off voltage and discharging cut-off voltage.

[0054] This configuration avoids the risks of lithium plating and internal short circuits caused by discrepancies between the collected temperature and the actual charging capacity of individual cell 1, as well as the risks associated with charging rates exceeding the charging capacity of individual cell 1. This configuration improves battery charging efficiency and shortens charging time. Furthermore, eliminating the need for temperature compensation also resolves the risk of over-discharge due to temperature calibration errors, thus improving battery discharge efficiency.

[0055] S31: The processing module 3 adjusts the thermal management strategy of the single cell 1, and heats or cools the abnormal temperature area of ​​the single cell 1 based on the temperature signal of the single cell 1.

[0056] With this setup, the thermal management strategy of individual battery 1 can be precisely and dynamically adjusted based on the acquired temperature signal. The thermal management strategy of individual battery 1 can be adjusted locally according to the temperature of different areas of individual battery 1. That is, heating or cooling is performed according to the actual temperature of different areas, thereby improving the thermal management efficiency of individual battery 1.

[0057] S32: The processing module 3 responds to the safety policy of the single cell 1. When the characteristic signal of the single cell 1 continues to be lower than the preset value, an alarm signal is triggered.

[0058] In some embodiments, when one or more characterization signals are below a standard, a safety risk assessment is performed on the individual battery cell 1, proactively intervening in risk assessment and pre-failure handling. For example, temperature, pressure, current, voltage, potential, and casing deformation parameters are sampled from multiple groups of individual battery cells 1 under different operating conditions. Eigenvalue fitting is performed on all sampled data to obtain the standard characteristic curve of the same batch of individual battery cells 1 under specific operating conditions.

[0059] By sampling temperature, pressure, current, voltage, potential, and casing deformation parameters 18 under failure scenarios for multiple groups of individual cells 1, and performing eigenvalue fitting on all sampled data, the failure characteristic curves of individual cells 1 in the same batch under specific failure scenarios can be obtained.

[0060] Using the standard characteristic curve of individual cell 1 as the standard value and the failure characteristic curve of individual cell 1 as the lower limit value, real-time sampling and monitoring of individual cells 1 within the battery are performed. The battery's characterization signal is quantitatively evaluated against the standard value and the lower limit value. When the characterization data of an individual cell within the battery continuously falls below the failure characteristic curve, an alarm signal is triggered, allowing for manual intervention or maintenance. This effectively avoids safety accidents caused by battery failure and improves the reliability and safety of battery management.

[0061] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more; "multiple" refers to two or more. In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying order.

[0062] References such as “one embodiment” or “some embodiments” as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and variations thereof, as used in this specification, mean “including, but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0063] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. In addition, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the associated objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0064] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "connection" can be understood as electrical connection. The connection between two electrical components can be a direct or indirect connection between the two electrical components. For example, the connection between A and B can be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components.

[0065] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0066] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application has disclosed preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized by, The battery management system comprises a sensing module, a processing module, and a power supply module. The sensing module is connected with a single battery and acquires a characteristic signal of the single battery, which comprises a pressure signal, a temperature signal, a shell deformation signal, a potential signal, a current signal, and a voltage signal of the single battery. The processing module is in communication connection with the sensing module, and is used to receive the characteristic signal of the single battery and transmit it to a cloud system, and dynamically adjust the running state of the single battery based on the calculation of the cloud system.

2. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The sensing module comprises an air pressure sensing module arranged on the side of the liquid injection hole of the single battery, which is used to acquire the pressure signal of the single battery.

3. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The sensing module further comprises a temperature sensing module arranged on the side of the positive electrode tab of the single battery close to the electrode assembly of the single battery, which is used to acquire the temperature signal of the single battery.

4. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The sensing module further comprises a deformation sensing module fixed to the large area of the shell of the single battery, which is used to acquire the shell deformation signal of the single battery.

5. The battery management system of claim 4, wherein, The deformation sensing module comprises a plurality of strain gauges arranged in parallel.

6. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The sensing module further comprises a reference electrode module connected with the electrode assembly of the single battery, which is used to acquire the potential signal of the single battery.

7. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The sensing module further comprises a current sensing module installed on the battery terminal, which is used to acquire the current signal of the single battery.

8. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The battery management system comprises a power supply module electrically connected with the sensing module and the processing module, which is used to acquire the power of the single battery and supply power to the sensing module and the processing module.

9. A battery system characterized by, The battery management system comprises a single battery and the battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method of managing a battery, characterized by, The sensing module acquires a characteristic signal of a single battery, which comprises a pressure signal, a temperature signal, a shell deformation signal, a potential signal, a current signal, and a voltage signal of the single battery. The processing module receives the characteristic signal acquired by the sensing module and transmits it to a cloud system. The processing module dynamically adjusts the running state of the single battery based on the calculation result of the cloud system. After the characteristic signal is transmitted to the cloud system, the method comprises:

11. The battery management method according to claim 10, wherein The cloud system performs health state evaluation, thermal runaway evaluation, and lithium precipitation evaluation based on the characteristic signal. After the cloud system performs health state evaluation on the characteristic signal, the method comprises:

12. The battery management method according to claim 11, wherein Based on the health state evaluation, the single batteries in different health states are processed in different grades. The processing module dynamically adjusts the single battery based on the calculation result of the cloud system, which comprises at least one of the following:

13. The battery management method according to claim 10, wherein ​ The processing module adjusts the charging and discharging strategy of the single battery, limits the maximum charging rate and the maximum discharging rate of the single battery based on the current signal, the temperature signal and the voltage signal of the single battery, and matches the corresponding charging cut-off voltage and discharging cut-off voltage; The processing module adjusts the thermal management strategy of the single battery, and heats or cools the temperature abnormal area of the single battery based on the temperature signal of the single battery; The processing module responds to the safety strategy of the single battery, and triggers an alarm signal when the characteristic signal of the single battery continuously falls below a preset value.

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