High-reliability power supply system and method suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production

Abstract

The invention provides a high-reliability power supply system and method suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production, and the system employs an off-grid operation mode, and comprises a wind power system which is used for converting wind energy into electric energy; the energy storage system is electrically connected with the wind power system and used for supplying power to the hydrogen production system when the output power of the wind power system is smaller than the rated power of the hydrogen production system; the input end of the hydrogen production system is electrically connected with the output end of the energy storage system, and the hydrogen production system is used for producing hydrogen by using electric energy; and the output end of the diesel generating set is electrically connected with the input end of the energy storage system, and the diesel generating set is used as a standby power supply to provide emergency power supply guarantee for the hydrogen production system. According to the system and the method, efficient local consumption of wind power, stable operation of the system, safe shutdown and rapid black start are realized through cooperation of the network-forming type fan and energy storage, complementation of hybrid energy storage and backup of the diesel generator, and the construction cost and the operation risk are effectively reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of offshore new energy development, and relates to a reliable power supply system, in particular to a high-reliability power supply system and method suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the deepening of energy structure adjustment, China's offshore wind power industry has entered a period of rapid development. However, the centralized grid connection and long-distance transmission of offshore wind power face serious challenges: the high cost of submarine cable and offshore booster station construction greatly reduces the project economy; the inherent intermittency and volatility of wind power impact the safe and stable operation of the power grid; when the power grid cannot accommodate, the phenomenon of "abandoned wind and limited power" causes a huge waste of clean energy.

[0003] To solve the above problems, using offshore wind power for on-site water electrolysis hydrogen production is considered as a promising solution. This mode can convert unstable electricity into green hydrogen that is easy to store and transport, effectively accommodate abandoned wind, smooth grid power, and produce high-value hydrogen energy products. Currently, the first generation of offshore wind power hydrogen production scheme commonly used in the industry mainly adopts the "grid-connected" mode, that is, the hydrogen production platform relies on the offshore booster station for power supply. To suppress the impact of wind power fluctuation on hydrogen production equipment and the power grid, a large-scale lithium-ion battery energy storage system is generally constructed.

[0004] However, this mature grid-connected mode has its inherent defects:

[0005] (1) Poor economy and engineering feasibility: It relies heavily on the export cable and offshore booster station, which has a huge investment cost, and the pre-survey, approval and construction period is long, which is not suitable for wind farm resources far from the shore and scattered distribution.

[0006] (2) Low system efficiency: Wind power needs to go through multiple stages of conversion and long-distance transmission of wind turbines, offshore booster stations, and land substations before being used for hydrogen production, with significant energy loss in the intermediate links.

[0007] (3) Complex topology: The grid connection, energy storage, and hydrogen production subsystems are closely coupled, with complex coordination and control and high operation and maintenance difficulty.

[0008] To avoid the heavy dependence of the grid-connected mode on infrastructure and reduce system cost, the industry has proposed a second-generation technical approach - "off-grid" direct connection mode, which omits the offshore booster station and submarine cable and directly supplies the electricity generated by the wind farm to the hydrogen production platform. However, this mode faces more difficult technical bottlenecks in engineering practice:

[0009] (1) Fan stable operation problem: The existing offshore wind farm widely uses the grid-connected fan, and its control system relies on the stable voltage and frequency reference signal provided by the grid. In the off-grid island system, there is no stable grid support, and such fan cannot independently establish a stable grid frequency and voltage, which easily leads to oscillation and collapse of the entire machine-side power system, and cannot provide qualified power for hydrogen production load.

[0010] (2) Energy storage system life and reliability challenge: In the off-grid scenario, in order to smooth the fluctuation of wind power and provide stable power for electrolytic cell, the energy storage system (especially lithium ion battery) needs to bear all the power buffering and voltage stabilization tasks, and the charging and discharging behavior becomes extremely frequent and the depth of change is large. This harsh working condition will sharply accelerate the capacity attenuation and consistency deterioration of lithium ion battery, shorten its service life, and in the harsh offshore environment, the cost of replacing battery pack is high and the operation is difficult, which constitutes a fatal weakness of system reliability.

[0011] (3) Hydrogen production equipment safety and life problem: If the fluctuating wind power is directly connected to the electrolytic cell, it will cause the electrolytic cell to start and stop frequently or run inefficiently at low load rate for a long time, which seriously damages the life of its core components and greatly increases the maintenance cost. More seriously, power drop may lead to insufficient hydrogen production reaction, causing safety problems such as hydrogen purity drop and oxygen mixing, and under certain conditions, there is a potential risk of explosion.

[0012] In summary, although the grid-connected mode is relatively mature, it is subject to high infrastructure cost; while the more potential off-grid direct connection mode has not yet been able to realize large-scale commercial application due to the three major problems of fan stability, energy storage life, and hydrogen production equipment safety which have not been effectively solved.

[0013] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for an innovative offshore wind power hydrogen production system solution specially designed for off-grid scenarios. SUMMARY

[0014] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-reliability power supply system and method suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production, for solving the problems of high cost and poor flexibility of existing offshore wind power grid-connected hydrogen production mode, and system instability, short energy storage life and poor hydrogen production safety caused by wind power fluctuation in off-grid direct connection mode.

[0015] In a first aspect, the application provides a high-reliability power supply system suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production. The system adopts an off-grid operation mode and comprises: a wind power system for converting wind energy into electric energy; an energy storage system electrically connected to the wind power system, the energy storage system comprising lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors for surplus electric energy from the wind power system and for supplying power to the hydrogen production system when the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated power of the hydrogen production system; a hydrogen production system having an input end electrically connected to an output end of the energy storage system for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen and receiving electric energy from the wind power system, the hybrid energy storage system and the diesel generator set; a diesel generator set having an output end electrically connected to an input end of the energy storage system for providing emergency power supply to the hydrogen production system as a backup power supply; a system bus to which the power output ends of the wind power system, the energy storage system and the diesel generator set are connected, and the power input end of the hydrogen production system is connected to the system bus through a voltage stabilizing circuit; wherein a bidirectional power transmission path is provided between the energy storage system and the wind power system and the diesel generator set to smooth power fluctuations and ensure stable operation of the hydrogen production system.

[0016] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the method comprises: in different cases, comparing the output power of the wind power system with the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, and dynamically adjusting the power supply mode and controlling the flow direction of electric energy between the systems according to the comparison result.

[0017] In an implementation form of the first aspect, dynamically adjusting the power supply mode and controlling the flow direction of electric energy between the systems according to the comparison result comprises: when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system to supply power to the hydrogen production system and the energy storage system; when the output power of the wind power system is equal to the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system to supply power to the hydrogen production system; when the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system and the energy storage system to supply power to the hydrogen production system; when the energy storage system is in a saturated state, controlling the wind power system to supply power to the hydrogen production system; and when neither the wind power system nor the energy storage system can meet the power demand of the hydrogen production system, controlling the diesel generator set to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0018] In an implementation form of the first aspect, when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system to supply power to the hydrogen production system and the energy storage system comprises: when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system to supply power to the hydrogen production system as stable power with the rated operating power, while controlling the surplus power to be transmitted to the energy storage system for charging; wherein the lines between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system and between the wind power system and the energy storage system are in a conducting state; the wind power system supplies stable power to the hydrogen production system and charges the energy storage system; the current path flows from the wind power system to the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system respectively; the line between the wind power system and the diesel generator is in a disconnected state.

[0019] In an implementation form of the first aspect, when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, and the energy storage system is in a saturated state, the wind power system adjusts the pitch angle according to the actual situation, so that the output power meets the rated operating power; wherein the line between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system is in a conducting state; the current path flows from the wind power system to the hydrogen production system; the line between the wind power system and the energy storage system is in a disconnected state; the line between the wind power system and the diesel generator is in a disconnected state.

[0020] In an implementation form of the first aspect, when the output power of the wind power system is equal to the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system supplies stable power to the hydrogen production system, and the energy storage system is neither charged nor discharged; wherein the line between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system is in a conducting state; the current path flows from the wind power system to the hydrogen production system; the line between the wind power system and the energy storage system is in a disconnected state; the line between the wind power system and the diesel generator is in a disconnected state.

[0021] In an implementation form of the first aspect, when the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, if the current remaining energy of the energy storage system is greater than a preset safe discharge threshold, the energy storage system and the wind power system supply power to the hydrogen production system at the same time; wherein the lines between the wind power system, the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system are in a conducting state; the current path flows from the wind power system and the energy storage system to the hydrogen production system; the line between the diesel generator and the hydrogen production system is in a disconnected state.

[0022] In an implementation form of the first aspect, when the power generation of the wind power system is too low or the wind power system is locked due to extreme weather, if the remaining energy of the energy storage system is greater than the preset safe discharge threshold, the energy storage system supplies power to the hydrogen production system; wherein the lines between the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system are in a conductive state; the current path flows from the energy storage system to the hydrogen production system; the lines between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system are in a disconnected state; the lines between the diesel generator set and the hydrogen production system are in a disconnected state.

[0023] In an implementation form of the first aspect, when the wind power is insufficient and the state of charge of the energy storage system is lower than a threshold, the diesel generator set supplies power to the hydrogen production system; wherein the lines between the diesel generator set and the hydrogen production system are in a conductive state; the current path flows from the diesel generator set to the hydrogen production system; the lines between the wind power system, the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system are in a disconnected state.

[0024] In a second aspect, the application provides a high-reliability power supply method suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production, the method comprising: obtaining wind power basic data to be monitored, the wind power basic data comprising: output power of a wind power system, output power of an energy storage system, rated operating power of a hydrogen production system, output power of a diesel generator set and state of charge of the energy storage system; based on the wind power basic data, selecting a target power supply mode to be enabled according to a predetermined plurality of power supply mode logics; generating a corresponding control instruction according to the selected target power supply mode, dynamically adjusting the operating states of the wind power system, the energy storage system and the diesel generator set to control the total power flowing to the hydrogen production system, so as to maintain stable operation.

[0025] As described above, the high-reliability power supply system and method suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The high-reliability power supply system suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production provided by the application does not rely on the operation of a booster station, which can effectively shorten the construction period and reduce the investment cost; at the same time, it greatly shortens the power conversion path and improves the power utilization efficiency, realizing efficient conversion of offshore wind power; the network-type wind turbine and network-type energy storage device with independent voltage / frequency reference construction capability are used as the main power supply and energy storage equipment, which greatly enhances the resilience of the power supply system, provides stable support for microgrid operation, and reduces the impact on the entire power supply system through collaborative operation; the system also uses a hybrid energy storage system, which is equipped with super capacitors that meet the dual demands of "power smoothing" and "long-term energy storage", and also takes into account the second-level response and hour-level discharge, thereby prolonging the life of lithium-ion batteries, improving the safety of the system, and optimizing the construction and operation and maintenance costs;

[0027] At the same time, the diesel generator equipped in the system can significantly improve the power supply reliability and operation safety of the system; when the power of the wind power system and the energy storage system is too low or fails to normally supply power at the same time, it can be quickly put into operation to provide necessary power support for the gradual load reduction and shutdown of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, prevent the risk of electrolyte retention, electrode corrosion or gas mixing caused by sudden power failure, and ensure the safety of the equipment during shutdown; after the entire power supply system is completely shut down due to an emergency, the system can quickly restore power supply without relying on external power support, realize black start of the equipment, reduce direct and indirect economic losses, and effectively reduce the operation risk and maintenance cost of the hydrogen production system.

[0028] Therefore, the power supply system provided by the present application has high flexibility, which can not only adapt to large-scale wind power systems, but also work relying on a small number of or a single wind turbine, and can effectively solve the problem of local consumption of wind power in deep sea areas and islands.

[0029] (2) The high-reliability power supply method for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production provided by the present application can not only adapt to large-scale wind power systems, but also work relying on a small number of or a single wind turbine, and can effectively solve the problem of local consumption of wind power in deep sea areas and islands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The figure shows the overall structure framework schematic diagram of the high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 The figure shows the structure schematic diagram of the high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 The figure shows the main structure schematic diagram of the high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] Figure 4 The figure shows the main power supply mode and corresponding situation schematic diagram of the high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production described in the embodiments of the present application in an embodiment.

[0034] Figure 5 The figure shows the wind power system power supply schematic diagram of the high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production described in the embodiments of the present application in an embodiment.

[0035] Figure 6 The figure shows the second wind power system power supply schematic diagram of the high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production described in the embodiments of the present application in an embodiment.

[0036] Figure 7 A wind power system and an energy storage system power supply schematic diagram in an embodiment of a high-reliability power supply system suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0037] Figure 8 An energy storage system power supply (wind power system does not supply power) schematic diagram in an embodiment of a high-reliability power supply system suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0038] Figure 9 An electrolyzer emergency shutdown power supply schematic diagram (diesel generator power supply) schematic diagram in an embodiment of a high-reliability power supply method suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0039] Figure 10 A flowchart in an embodiment of a high-reliability power supply method suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0040] Element number explanation

[0041] 1 High-reliability power supply system suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production

[0042] 11 Wind power system

[0043] 111 Wind turbine

[0044] 112 Rectifying assembly

[0045] 113 Voltage transformation assembly

[0046] 12 Energy storage system

[0047] 121 Battery module

[0048] 122 Converter

[0049] 123 Battery management system

[0050] 124 Energy management system

[0051] 13 Hydrogen production system

[0052] 131 Electrolyzer

[0053] 132 Separation assembly

[0054] 133 Purification assembly

[0055] 134 Hydrogen buffer tank

[0056] 135 Compressor

[0057] 136 Hydrogen storage system

[0058] 137 detection assembly

[0059] 138 control assembly

[0060] 14 diesel generator set

[0061] 141 diesel engine

[0062] 142 generator

[0063] 143 control system

[0064] 144 cooling system

[0065] 145 fuel system

[0066] 146 oil tank

[0067] 15 system bus DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The present application can be implemented or applied in other different specific embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details of the present application based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the following examples and features in the examples can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0069] It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following examples only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the diagrams, not the number, shape and size of the components when actually implemented. The actual implementation of each component may be a random change in shape, number and proportion, and the layout pattern of the components may be more complex.

[0070] The high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production provided by the present application can effectively shorten the construction period and reduce the investment cost. At the same time, it greatly shortens the electricity conversion path, improves the electricity efficiency, and realizes efficient conversion of offshore wind power. The power supply system has high flexibility, which can not only adapt to large wind power systems, but also work relying on a small amount or a single wind turbine, and can effectively solve the problem of local consumption of wind power in deep sea areas and islands.

[0071] The high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production provided by the following examples of the present application solves the problems of high cost and poor flexibility of existing offshore wind power grid-connected hydrogen production mode, system instability, short energy storage life and poor hydrogen production safety caused by wind power volatility in off-grid direct connection mode.

[0072] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3The figures shown are respectively a schematic diagram of the overall structural framework of the high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to the embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to the embodiments of this application, and a schematic diagram of the main structure of the high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to the embodiments of this application.

[0073] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the system operates in an off-grid mode and specifically includes: a wind power system (grid-connected) 11, an energy storage system (lithium-ion battery / supercapacitor) 12, a hydrogen production system 13, a diesel generator set 14, and a system bus 15. The highly reliable power supply system 1 for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production provided in the following embodiments of this application, through the coordinated operation of these five modules, operates in an off-grid mode. The electrical energy output from the wind power system is directly supplied to the hydrogen production equipment. Simultaneously, the system utilizes a hybrid energy storage system 12 (lithium-ion battery / supercapacitor) and a diesel generator to address the impact of power fluctuations on the wind turbine side.

[0074] Please continue reading. Figures 1 to 3 .

[0075] In this embodiment, the wind power system 11 is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy. An energy storage system 12 is electrically connected to the wind power system 11. The energy storage system includes a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor, used for excess electrical energy from the wind power system 11, and supplies power to the hydrogen production system 13 when the output power of the wind power system 11 is less than the rated power of the hydrogen production system 13. The hydrogen production system 13, with its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the energy storage system 12, is used for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen and receiving electrical energy from the wind power system 11, the hybrid energy storage system 12, and the diesel generator set 14. The diesel generator set 14, with its output terminal electrically connected to the input terminal of the energy storage system 12, serves as a backup power source to provide emergency power for the hydrogen production system 13. A system bus 15 is connected to the power output terminals of the wind power system 11, the energy storage system 12, and the diesel generator set 14. The power input terminal of the hydrogen production system 13 is connected to the system bus 15 through a voltage regulator circuit. The energy storage system 12 is connected to the wind power system 11 and the diesel generator set 14 via a bidirectional power transmission path to mitigate power fluctuations and ensure the stable operation of the hydrogen production system 13.

[0076] The wind power system 11 (grid-type) includes, but is not limited to, wind turbine generators 111, rectifier components 112, and transformer components 113. The wind turbine generators 111 are used to capture wind energy and convert it into mechanical energy; the wind turbine generators 111 are grid-type wind turbines; the rectifier components 112 are connected to the wind turbine generators 111 and convert the alternating current (AC) converted from mechanical energy into direct current (DC); the transformer components 113 are connected to the rectifier components 112 and are used to adjust the DC voltage level to match the requirements of the hydrogen production system.

[0077] Specifically, the wind power system 11, as the core power source of the offshore wind power off-grid hydrogen production system 13, mainly includes equipment such as wind turbine generators 111, rectifier components 112, and transformer components 113. The main function of the wind power system 11 is to convert wind energy into renewable electrical energy to drive the continuous operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment and ensure the power supply of the electrolyzer and other loads during the hydrogen production process.

[0078] The power supply system adopts grid-type wind turbine 111, which can simulate the characteristics of synchronous generators, provide voltage / frequency regulation and inertial response, and provide active support capabilities for the system; at the same time, the grid-type wind turbine also has the ability to actively establish voltage, and can participate in the black start process of the power supply system to accelerate the recovery after a power outage.

[0079] Wind power is characterized by randomness, instability, and volatility, resulting in a wide range of power output fluctuations. In the event of extreme weather such as typhoons, wind turbines need to be locked to prevent stalling and fire. When locked, the turbines will no longer provide power.

[0080] Please continue reading. Figures 1 to 3 .

[0081] (Hybrid) energy storage system 12 is electrically connected to the wind power system 11. The energy storage system 12 includes a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor for the excess electrical energy from the wind power system 11, and supplies power to the hydrogen production system 13 when the output power of the wind power system 11 is less than the rated power of the hydrogen production system 13.

[0082] In this embodiment, the energy storage system 12 includes: a battery module 121, a converter 122, a battery management system 123, an energy management system 124, and a supercapacitor 125. The energy storage system 12 is configured to store excess energy when the wind turbine's power generation exceeds the electricity load demand, and to provide stable power input to the hydrogen production system when the output power of the grid-connected wind power system is too low or power supply is interrupted. The energy storage system 12 is a grid-connected energy storage system, employing voltage source control to support the operation of microgrids or high-proportion new energy systems, and possesses black-start assistance and frequency stabilization control functions. The supercapacitor 125 is configured to prioritize handling high-frequency, short-duration power fluctuations caused by wind power fluctuations, thereby mitigating charging and discharging impacts and extending the cycle life of the battery module 121.

[0083] Specifically, the energy storage system 12, as the core component for energy storage and replenishment, mainly includes battery modules 121, inverters 122, battery management systems 123, and energy management systems 124. The main functions of the energy storage system 12 are to store excess electrical energy when the wind turbine's power generation exceeds the electricity load demand; and to provide a stable power input to the hydrogen production system 13 when the wind power system's output power is too low or the power supply is interrupted, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the equipment, thereby guaranteeing the safe operation of the hydrogen production system 13 and extending the service life of the hydrogen production equipment.

[0084] The power supply system adopts a grid-type energy storage system. This type of energy storage system uses voltage source control and has the ability to independently construct voltage / frequency references. It can operate stably in microgrid scenarios, support microgrids or high-proportion renewable energy systems, and enhance the resilience of the power supply system (such as black start assistance and frequency stabilization control). At the same time, the grid-type energy storage system has strong compatibility and can operate in conjunction with grid-type wind turbines, reducing the impact on the entire power supply system.

[0085] To address the issue of drastically reduced cycle life of lithium-ion batteries due to frequent charging and discharging, this hybrid energy storage system is equipped with supercapacitors boasting extremely high power density and rapid charging and discharging response. This device prioritizes handling high-frequency, short-duration power fluctuations caused by wind power volatility, allowing the energy storage system to focus on long-term stable charging and discharging. This mitigates charging and discharging shocks, extends the cycle life of the main energy storage system equipment (lithium-ion battery pack), reduces the need for battery replacements at sea, lowers maintenance costs, and improves system safety and stability.

[0086] Therefore, it can be seen that the hybrid energy storage system adopted in this application, the supercapacitor equipped with it, can meet the dual requirements of "power smoothing" and "long-term energy storage" while also taking into account the second-level response and hour-level discharge. Through complementary means, it can achieve the effects of extending the life of lithium-ion battery packs, comprehensively improving system safety, and optimizing construction and operation and maintenance costs.

[0087] Please continue reading.Figures 1 to 3 .

[0088] The hydrogen production system 13 has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the energy storage system 12, and is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water and to receive electrical energy from the wind power system 11, the hybrid energy storage system and the diesel generator set 14.

[0089] In this embodiment, the hydrogen production system 13 includes, but is not limited to, the following equipment: hydrogen electrolyzer 131, separation component 132, purification component 133, hydrogen buffer tank 134 and compressor 135, hydrogen storage system 136, detection component 137 and control component 138. The system includes a hydrogen electrolyzer 131, used to electrolyze high-purity fresh water to produce hydrogen based on water electrolysis technology; a separation component 132 and a purification component 133, connected to the hydrogen electrolyzer 131, used to separate and purify the hydrogen produced by electrolysis; a hydrogen buffer tank 134 and a compressor 135, connected to the separation component 132 and the purification component 133, used to buffer, store, and compress the purified hydrogen; a hydrogen storage system 136, connected to the hydrogen buffer tank 134 and the compressor 135, used to store the compressed hydrogen; and a detection component 137 and a control component 138, connected to the hydrogen electrolyzer 131, the separation and purification component, the hydrogen buffer tank 134 and the compressor 135, and the hydrogen storage system 136, used to monitor and control the operating status of each component. The hydrogen electrolyzer 131 is configured to receive direct current electrical energy and convert it into high-purity hydrogen containing chemical energy through an electrochemical reaction.

[0090] Specifically, the hydrogen production system 13, as the core load equipment, mainly consists of a hydrogen electrolyzer 131, separation and purification components, a hydrogen buffer tank and compressor, a hydrogen storage system, and detection and control components. The main function of the hydrogen production system 13 is to convert electrical energy into high-purity hydrogen containing chemical energy. Based on water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, it produces hydrogen by electrolyzing high-purity fresh water through an electrolyzer.

[0091] The hydrogen production process through water electrolysis has stringent requirements for power supply stability. A continuous supply of precisely matched DC power with precisely matched voltage and current parameters is necessary to ensure the efficient and stable electrochemical reactions within the electrolyzer. Significant fluctuations in power supply can lead to excessively high voltage peaks, potentially causing accelerated corrosion of the electrolyzer electrode materials, damage to the ion exchange membrane, and reduced equipment lifespan. Sudden changes in current can cause pressure imbalances within the electrolyzer, increasing the risk of sealing component failure and even resulting in decreased hydrogen purity or short-circuit malfunctions.

[0092] It should be noted that the voltage and current parameters of the DC power supply must be precisely matched to maintain the efficient and stable electrochemical reaction within the electrolyzer. The detection and control components are configured to monitor power supply fluctuations and, when significant power fluctuations occur, control actions are taken to prevent excessively high voltage peaks or sudden current changes. The control actions include adjusting the DC power parameters input to the electrolyzer to protect electrode materials, ion exchange membranes, and sealing components, maintain internal pressure balance, and ensure hydrogen purity. The hydrogen production system 13 is configured to continuously receive stable DC power to avoid reduced equipment lifespan, seal failure, or short-circuit faults caused by power fluctuations.

[0093] The diesel generator set 14 is electrically connected to the input of the energy storage system 12 and is used as a backup power source to provide emergency power for the hydrogen production system 13.

[0094] Specifically, the diesel generator, as the core of emergency power supply, mainly consists of a diesel engine 141, a generator 142, a control system 143, a cooling system 144, a fuel system 145, and a fuel tank 146. Its main functions include:

[0095] (1) When the power of the wind power system and the energy storage system is too low or both fail to supply power normally, provide emergency power supply for the hydrogen production system, so that the equipment current and voltage gradually decrease according to the preset slope, and realize the gradual load reduction and shutdown of the entire hydrogen production system.

[0096] (2) To restore the power supply to the entire power supply system after a complete shutdown due to an emergency, the equipment can be black-started without relying on external power support.

[0097] The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production provided in this application, equipped with a diesel generator, significantly improves the system's power supply reliability and operational safety. It can be rapidly activated when the wind power system and energy storage system are at low power levels or simultaneously fail to provide normal power, providing necessary power support for the gradual load reduction and shutdown of the hydrogen electrolyzer. This prevents risks such as electrolyte retention, electrode corrosion, or gas mixing caused by sudden power outages, ensuring safety during equipment shutdown. Furthermore, in the event of a complete power outage due to an emergency, the system can be quickly restored without relying on external power support, achieving a black start and reducing direct and indirect economic losses, effectively lowering the operational risks and maintenance costs of the hydrogen production system.

[0098] Please see Figures 4 to 9The diagrams shown are as follows: a schematic diagram of the main power supply mode and corresponding situation of a high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production in one embodiment of the present application; a schematic diagram of the wind power system power supply in a high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production in one embodiment of the present application; a schematic diagram of the second power supply of the wind power system in a high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production in one embodiment of the present application; a schematic diagram of the power supply of the wind power system and the energy storage system in a high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production in one embodiment of the present application; a schematic diagram of the energy storage system power supply (wind power system not supplying power) in a high-reliability power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production in one embodiment of the present application; and a schematic diagram of the emergency shutdown power supply of the hydrogen electrolyzer (diesel generator power supply) in a high-reliability power supply method for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production in one embodiment of the present application.

[0099] The highly reliable power supply system applicable to off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production compares the output power of the wind power system with the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system under different conditions, and dynamically adjusts the power supply mode and controls the power flow between the systems based on the comparison results.

[0100] The system's key feature is that, under different conditions, it ensures the hydrogen production system operates under stable voltage and power through the coordinated operation and dynamic adjustment of the wind power system, energy storage system, and diesel generator. Its power supply modes are mainly divided into nine types, specifically as follows:

[0101] The output power of the wind power system is P. wind The output power of the energy storage system is P es The power of the diesel generator is P. dg The rated power of the hydrogen production system is P0, and the output power of the wind power system is P. wind max >P0, the output power P of the energy storage system es =P0.

[0102] In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, dynamically adjusting the power supply mode based on the comparison results and controlling the power flow between systems include:

[0103] When the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system and the energy storage system.

[0104] When the output power of the wind power system is equal to the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0105] When the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system and the energy storage system are controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0106] When the energy storage system is saturated, the wind power system is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system;

[0107] When neither the wind power system nor the energy storage system can meet the power requirements of the hydrogen production system, the diesel generator set is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0108] In one embodiment, when P wind When the power output is greater than P0, the wind power system supplies a stable power to the hydrogen production system, with a power of P0. At the same time, the excess electrical energy is transferred to the energy storage system for charging. The current path is shown in the figure (solid lines in the figure indicate that there is current in the line at this time, dashed lines indicate that there is no current in the line at this time, and arrows indicate the direction of current).

[0109] Specifically, when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system to supply power to the hydrogen production system and the energy storage system includes: when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system to provide stable power to the hydrogen production system at the rated operating power, and simultaneously controlling the excess power to be transferred to the energy storage system for charging.

[0110] The lines between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system, and between the wind power system and the energy storage system, are all in a conductive state; the wind power system provides stable power to the hydrogen production system and charges the energy storage system; the current flows from the wind power system to the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system respectively; the line between the wind power system and the diesel generator is in a disconnected state.

[0111] In one embodiment, when P wind When the output power is greater than P0, if the energy storage system is already saturated, the wind power system needs to adjust the pitch angle according to the actual situation to ensure that its output power P is saturated. wind The rated power P0 of the hydrogen system is met.

[0112] Specifically, when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, and the energy storage system is in a saturated state, the wind power system adjusts the pitch angle according to the actual situation so that its output power meets the rated operating power.

[0113] The circuit between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system is in a conductive state; the current path flows from the wind power system to the hydrogen production system; the circuit between the wind power system and the energy storage system is in a disconnected state; and the circuit between the wind power system and the diesel generator is in a disconnected state.

[0114] In one embodiment, when P wind When P = P0, the wind power system supplies a stable power to the hydrogen production system, with a power of P0; at the same time, the energy storage system neither charges nor discharges.

[0115] Specifically, when the output power of the wind power system is equal to the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system supplies stable power to the hydrogen production system, and the energy storage system neither charges nor discharges.

[0116] The circuit between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system is in a conductive state; the current path flows from the wind power system to the hydrogen production system; the circuit between the wind power system and the energy storage system is in a disconnected state; and the circuit between the wind power system and the diesel generator is in a disconnected state.

[0117] Please continue reading. Figures 4 to 9 .

[0118] In one embodiment, when P wind When the current energy storage system is above the preset safe discharge threshold, if the remaining energy of the energy storage system is above the P0 threshold, the energy storage system and the wind power system will simultaneously supply power to the hydrogen production system to maintain its constant power operation and ensure that its power is stable at P0.

[0119] Specifically, when the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, if the remaining energy of the current energy storage system is greater than the preset safe discharge threshold, the energy storage system and the wind power system simultaneously supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0120] In this configuration, the lines between the wind power system and the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system are all in a conductive state; the current path flows from the wind power system and the energy storage system to the hydrogen production system; and the line between the diesel generator and the hydrogen production system is in a disconnected state.

[0121] In one embodiment, when the power generation of the wind power system is too low or the system is locked due to extreme weather, if the remaining energy of the current energy storage system is greater than the preset safe discharge threshold, in order to maintain the constant power operation of the hydrogen production system, the energy storage system supplies power to the hydrogen production system separately to ensure that its power is stable at P0.

[0122] Specifically, when the power generation of the wind power system is too low or the system is locked due to extreme weather, if the remaining energy of the current energy storage system is greater than the preset safe discharge threshold, the energy storage system supplies power to the hydrogen production system.

[0123] In this configuration, the lines between the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system are both in a conductive state; the current path flows from the energy storage system to the hydrogen production system; the lines between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system are in a disconnected state; and the lines between the diesel generator and the hydrogen production system are in a disconnected state.

[0124] In one embodiment, when the wind power system's output is too low or it experiences a shutdown due to extreme weather, and the remaining energy in the energy storage system is below a preset safe discharge threshold, an emergency shutdown is required to protect critical internal components of the hydrogen production system. In this situation, other electrical equipment should be minimized or shut down. Simultaneously, the diesel generator is started to maintain a steady decline in power supply parameters, preventing sudden pressure changes from damaging the electrodes and membrane modules. This ensures a gradual load reduction process during the electrolyzer shutdown phase, guaranteeing that the equipment completes the shutdown procedure safely under extreme conditions.

[0125] Specifically, when wind power is insufficient and the state of charge of the energy storage system is below a threshold, the diesel generator set is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0126] In this configuration, the lines between the diesel generator set and the hydrogen production system are all in a conductive state; the current path flows from the diesel generator set to the hydrogen production system; and the lines between the wind power system, the energy storage system, and the hydrogen production system are all in a disconnected state.

[0127] In this embodiment, if the entire power supply system is completely shut down due to an emergency, and the current situation meets the operating conditions of the hydrogen production system, a black start of the equipment under off-grid conditions is required. By starting the diesel generator (or grid-connected wind turbine), the initial voltage and frequency are established, and the power from the black start power supply is used to gradually restore the relevant equipment and transmission lines, and re-establish a stable power supply link.

[0128] In summary, the highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production described in this application operates without relying on a booster station, effectively shortening the construction period and reducing investment costs. Simultaneously, it significantly shortens the power conversion path, improves power efficiency, and achieves efficient conversion of offshore wind power. Employing grid-connected wind turbines and grid-connected energy storage with independent voltage / frequency reference capabilities as the main power supply and storage devices greatly enhances the resilience of the power supply system, providing stable support for microgrid operation. The coordinated operation of these two components reduces the impact on the entire power supply system. Furthermore, the system utilizes a hybrid energy storage system. The equipped supercapacitors meet the dual requirements of "power smoothing" and "long-term energy storage," while also achieving second-level response and hour-level discharge, achieving a complementary approach. The system achieves extended lifespan of lithium-ion battery packs, comprehensively improves system safety, and optimizes construction and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the diesel generator equipped with the system significantly enhances power supply reliability and operational safety. It can be rapidly activated when the wind power and energy storage systems are at low power levels or simultaneously fail to provide power, providing necessary power support for the gradual load reduction and shutdown of the hydrogen electrolyzer, preventing risks such as electrolyte retention, electrode corrosion, or gas mixing caused by sudden power outages, and ensuring safety during equipment shutdown. Furthermore, in the event of a complete power outage due to an emergency, the system can quickly restore power without relying on external power support, achieving a black start and reducing direct and indirect economic losses, effectively lowering the operational risks and maintenance costs of the hydrogen production system.

[0129] It should be noted that the division of the various modules in the above system is merely a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, these modules can be implemented entirely in software through processing element calls; they can be fully implemented in hardware; or some modules can be implemented by processing element calls to software, while others are implemented in hardware. For example, module x can be a separate processing element, or it can be integrated into a chip within the system. Alternatively, it can be stored as program code in the system's memory, and its function can be called and executed by a processing element. The implementation of other modules is similar. Moreover, these modules can be fully or partially integrated together, or they can be implemented independently. The processing element mentioned here can be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method or each of the above modules can be completed through integrated logic circuits in the hardware of the processor element or through software instructions.

[0130] Please see Figure 10 The diagram shows a flow chart of one embodiment of the highly reliable power supply method for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production described in this application. Figure 10As shown, this embodiment provides a highly reliable power supply method for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production. The method includes the following steps:

[0131] S1, acquire the basic data of wind power generation to be monitored, including: the output power of the wind power system, the output power of the energy storage system, the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the output power of the diesel generator set and the state of charge of the energy storage system;

[0132] S2, based on the aforementioned wind power generation basic data, and according to the predetermined logic of multiple power supply modes, select the target power supply mode to be activated at the current time;

[0133] S3 generates corresponding control commands based on the selected target power supply mode, and dynamically adjusts the operating status of the wind power system, energy storage system and diesel generator set to control the total power flowing to the hydrogen production system and maintain its stable operation.

[0134] In this embodiment, firstly, the basic data of wind power generation to be monitored is acquired. The basic data of wind power generation includes: the output power of the wind power system, the output power of the energy storage system, the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the output power of the diesel generator set, and the state of charge of the energy storage system.

[0135] Then, based on the wind power generation basic data, and according to the predetermined logic of multiple power supply modes, the target power supply mode to be activated is selected.

[0136] Specifically, under different circumstances, the power output of the wind power system is compared with the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, and the power supply mode is dynamically adjusted based on the comparison results.

[0137] The system's key feature is that, under different conditions, it ensures the hydrogen production system operates under stable voltage and power through the coordinated operation and dynamic adjustment of the wind power system, energy storage system, and diesel generator. Its power supply modes are mainly divided into nine types, specifically as follows:

[0138] The output power of the wind power system is P. wind The output power of the energy storage system is P es The power of the diesel generator is P. dg The rated power of the hydrogen production system is P0, and the output power of the wind power system is P. wind max >P0, the output power P of the energy storage system es =P0.

[0139] Finally, based on the comparison results, the power supply mode is dynamically adjusted, and the power flow between systems is controlled, including:

[0140] When the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system and the energy storage system.

[0141] When the output power of the wind power system is equal to the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0142] When the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system and the energy storage system are controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0143] When the energy storage system is saturated, the wind power system is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system;

[0144] When neither the wind power system nor the energy storage system can meet the power requirements of the hydrogen production system, the diesel generator set is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0145] In one embodiment, when P wind When the power output is greater than P0, the wind power system supplies a stable power to the hydrogen production system, with a power of P0. At the same time, the excess electrical energy is transferred to the energy storage system for charging. The current path is shown in the figure (solid lines in the figure indicate that there is current in the line at this time, dashed lines indicate that there is no current in the line at this time, and arrows indicate the direction of current).

[0146] Specifically, when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system to supply power to the hydrogen production system and the energy storage system includes: when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system to provide stable power to the hydrogen production system at the rated operating power, and simultaneously controlling the excess power to be transferred to the energy storage system for charging.

[0147] In one embodiment, when P wind When the output power is greater than P0, if the energy storage system is already saturated, the wind power system needs to adjust the pitch angle according to the actual situation to ensure that its output power P is saturated. wind The rated power P0 of the hydrogen system is met.

[0148] Specifically, when the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, and the energy storage system is in a saturated state, the wind power system adjusts the pitch angle according to the actual situation so that its output power meets the rated operating power.

[0149] In one embodiment, when P wind When P = P0, the wind power system supplies a stable power to the hydrogen production system, with a power of P0; at the same time, the energy storage system neither charges nor discharges.

[0150] Specifically, when the output power of the wind power system is equal to the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system supplies stable power to the hydrogen production system, and the energy storage system neither charges nor discharges.

[0151] In one embodiment, when P wind When the current energy storage system is above the preset safe discharge threshold, if the remaining energy of the energy storage system is above the P0 threshold, the energy storage system and the wind power system will simultaneously supply power to the hydrogen production system to maintain its constant power operation and ensure that its power is stable at P0.

[0152] Specifically, when the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, if the remaining energy of the current energy storage system is greater than the preset safe discharge threshold, the energy storage system and the wind power system simultaneously supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0153] In one embodiment, when the power generation of the wind power system is too low or the system is locked due to extreme weather, if the remaining energy of the current energy storage system is greater than the preset safe discharge threshold, in order to maintain the constant power operation of the hydrogen production system, the energy storage system supplies power to the hydrogen production system separately to ensure that its power is stable at P0.

[0154] Specifically, when the power generation of the wind power system is too low or the system is locked due to extreme weather, if the remaining energy of the current energy storage system is greater than the preset safe discharge threshold, the energy storage system supplies power to the hydrogen production system.

[0155] In one embodiment, when the wind power system's output is too low or it experiences a shutdown due to extreme weather, and the remaining energy in the energy storage system is below a preset safe discharge threshold, an emergency shutdown is required to protect critical internal components of the hydrogen production system. In this situation, other electrical equipment should be minimized or shut down. Simultaneously, the diesel generator is started to maintain a steady decline in power supply parameters, preventing sudden pressure changes from damaging the electrodes and membrane modules. This ensures a gradual load reduction process during the electrolyzer shutdown phase, guaranteeing that the equipment completes the shutdown procedure safely under extreme conditions.

[0156] Specifically, when wind power is insufficient and the state of charge of the energy storage system is below a threshold, the diesel generator set is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

[0157] In this embodiment, if the entire power supply system is completely shut down due to an emergency, and the current situation meets the operating conditions of the hydrogen production system, a black start of the equipment under off-grid conditions is required. By starting the diesel generator (or grid-connected wind turbine), the initial voltage and frequency are established, and the power from the black start power supply is used to gradually restore the relevant equipment and transmission lines, and re-establish a stable power supply link.

[0158] As can be seen from the above, the highly reliable power supply method for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production described in this application can achieve efficient power conversion, smooth power regulation, safe gradual shutdown and rapid black start of the off-grid wind power hydrogen production system through grid-connected equipment collaborative control, hybrid energy storage complementary scheduling and intelligent backup of diesel generators, significantly improving system reliability, economy and adaptability.

[0159] In summary, the highly reliable power supply system and method for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production provided in this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0160] The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production provided in this application operates without relying on a booster station, effectively shortening the construction period and reducing investment costs. Simultaneously, it significantly shortens the power conversion path, improves power efficiency, and achieves efficient conversion of offshore wind power. Employing grid-connected wind turbines and grid-connected energy storage with independent voltage / frequency reference capabilities as the main power supply and storage devices significantly enhances the resilience of the power supply system, providing stable support for microgrid operation. The coordinated operation of these two components reduces the impact on the entire power supply system. The system also employs a hybrid energy storage system. The equipped supercapacitors meet the dual requirements of "power smoothing" and "long-term energy storage" while also achieving second-level response and hour-level discharge, achieving a complementary lifespan. The lithium-ion battery pack extends and comprehensively improves system safety, optimizes construction and operation and maintenance costs; simultaneously, the diesel generator equipped with the system can significantly improve the system's power supply reliability and operational safety; it can be quickly put into operation when the wind power system and energy storage system have low power or fail simultaneously and cannot supply power normally, providing necessary power support for the gradual load reduction shutdown of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, preventing the risks of electrolyte retention, electrode corrosion or gas mixing caused by sudden power outages, and ensuring the safety of equipment during shutdown; after the entire power supply system is completely shut down due to an emergency, the system power supply can be quickly restored without relying on external power support, realizing black start of equipment, reducing direct and indirect economic losses, and effectively reducing the operational risks and maintenance costs of the hydrogen production system.

[0161] The descriptions of the processes or structures corresponding to the above figures each have their own emphasis. For parts of a process or structure that are not described in detail, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other processes or structures.

[0162] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A highly reliable power supply system suitable for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production, characterized in that, The system operates in an off-grid mode and includes: A wind power system used to convert wind energy into electrical energy; An energy storage system is electrically connected to the wind power system. The energy storage system includes a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor for the use of excess electrical energy from the wind power system and for supplying power to the hydrogen production system when the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated power of the hydrogen production system. A hydrogen production system, the input of which is electrically connected to the output of the energy storage system, is used to produce hydrogen by electrolysis of water and to receive electrical energy from the wind power system, the hybrid energy storage system and the diesel generator set; A diesel generator set, whose output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the energy storage system, is used as a backup power source to provide emergency power support for the hydrogen production system. A system bus is provided, and the power output terminals of the wind power system, the energy storage system and the diesel generator set are all connected to the system bus. The power input terminal of the hydrogen production system is connected to the system bus through a voltage regulator circuit. The energy storage system is connected to the wind power system and the diesel generator set via a bidirectional power transmission path to mitigate power fluctuations and ensure the stable operation of the hydrogen production system.

2. The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: Under different circumstances, the power output of the wind power system is compared with the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, and the power supply mode is dynamically adjusted according to the comparison results, as well as the power flow between the systems is controlled.

3. The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to claim 2, characterized in that, Dynamically adjusting the power supply mode based on the comparison results, and controlling the power flow between various systems, including: When the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system and the energy storage system. When the output power of the wind power system is equal to the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system. When the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system and the energy storage system are controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system. When the energy storage system is saturated, the wind power system is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system; When neither the wind power system nor the energy storage system can meet the power requirements of the hydrogen production system, the diesel generator set is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system.

4. The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, controlling the wind power system to supply power to the hydrogen production system and the energy storage system includes: When the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system is controlled to provide stable power to the hydrogen production system at the rated operating power, and at the same time, the excess power is controlled to be transferred to the energy storage system for charging. in, The lines between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system, and between the wind power system and the energy storage system, are all in a conductive state; The wind power system provides stable power to the hydrogen production system and charges the energy storage system; the current path flows from the wind power system to the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system respectively; The line between the wind power system and the diesel generator is disconnected.

5. The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the output power of the wind power system is greater than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, and the energy storage system is in a saturated state, the wind power system adjusts the pitch angle according to the actual situation so that its output power meets the rated operating power. in, The line between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system is in a conductive state; the current path flows from the wind power system to the hydrogen production system. The line between the wind power system and the energy storage system is disconnected. The line between the wind power system and the diesel generator is disconnected.

6. The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the output power of the wind power system is equal to the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the wind power system supplies stable power to the hydrogen production system, and the energy storage system neither charges nor discharges. in, The line between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system is in a conductive state; the current path flows from the wind power system to the hydrogen production system. The line between the wind power system and the energy storage system is disconnected. The line between the wind power system and the diesel generator is disconnected.

7. The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the output power of the wind power system is less than the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, if the remaining energy of the current energy storage system is greater than a preset safe discharge threshold, the energy storage system and the wind power system simultaneously supply power to the hydrogen production system; wherein... The lines between the wind power system and the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system are all in a conductive state; the current path flows from the wind power system and the energy storage system to the hydrogen production system; The line between the diesel generator and the hydrogen production system is disconnected.

8. The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the wind power system's power generation is too low or the system is locked due to extreme weather, if the remaining energy of the current energy storage system is greater than the preset safe discharge threshold, the energy storage system will supply power to the hydrogen production system. in, The lines between the energy storage system and the hydrogen production system are both in a conductive state; the current path flows from the energy storage system to the hydrogen production system. The line between the wind power system and the hydrogen production system is disconnected. The line between the diesel generator and the hydrogen production system is disconnected.

9. The highly reliable power supply system for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production according to claim 3, characterized in that, When wind power is insufficient and the state of charge of the energy storage system is below a threshold, the diesel generator set is controlled to supply power to the hydrogen production system; among which... The lines between the diesel generator set and the hydrogen production system are both in a conductive state; the current path flows from the diesel generator set to the hydrogen production system. The lines connecting the wind power system, the energy storage system, and the hydrogen production system are all disconnected.

10. A highly reliable power supply method for off-grid offshore wind power hydrogen production, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire basic data on wind power generation to be monitored, including: the output power of the wind power system, the output power of the energy storage system, the rated operating power of the hydrogen production system, the output power of the diesel generator set, and the state of charge of the energy storage system; Based on the aforementioned wind power generation data, and according to the predetermined logic of multiple power supply modes, the target power supply mode to be activated is selected. Based on the selected target power supply mode, corresponding control commands are generated to dynamically adjust the operating status of the wind power system, energy storage system, and diesel generator set, so as to control the total power flowing to the hydrogen production system and maintain its stable operation.

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