Battery power supply method and device for a travelling wave fault detection device

Abstract

The embodiment of the specification discloses a battery power supply method and device of a traveling wave fault detection device, relates to the low-temperature power supply technical field, and is used for solving the problem that the existing power supply mode is difficult to adapt to the power supply demand of multiple working states of the traveling wave fault detection device and the power supply battery. The method comprises the following steps: a microcontroller detects a low-temperature battery pack based on multiple groups of NTC thermistors and the sensor, and obtains multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack; whether a heating instruction is triggered is determined according to the multi-dimensional detection information and a preset heating trigger condition; if yes, a current time hierarchical heating strategy control heating plate heating is determined according to the multi-dimensional detection information and the working state of the traveling wave fault detection device, and a heating result is obtained; the working state switching information of the traveling wave fault detection device is determined by comparing the working state of the traveling wave fault detection device at the current time with that at the last time, so that the low-temperature battery pack realizes master-slave power supply switching by combining the working state switching information and the heating result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the field of cryogenic power supply technology, and in particular to a battery power supply method and device for a traveling wave fault detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Traveling wave fault detection devices are critical equipment in power systems for quickly locating transmission line faults, typically deployed in remote or harsh environments. Due to their high requirements for reliable and continuous power supply, battery-powered solutions are commonly used. However, in low-temperature environments, the power supply batteries experience significant performance degradation due to temperature-induced capacity reduction and increased internal resistance, making it difficult for the traveling wave fault detection device to operate normally. Therefore, maintaining power supply to the traveling wave fault detection device in low-temperature environments is a crucial aspect of ensuring its proper functioning.

[0003] Current traveling wave fault detection devices using battery power in low-temperature environments typically employ a method where a heating film is wrapped around the battery pack. Heating is triggered by a fixed temperature threshold and powered by a single battery pack, stopping once the set temperature is reached. However, this method only monitors a single temperature point, failing to comprehensively reflect the overall state of the battery pack. This can easily lead to untimely or excessive heating. Furthermore, the continuous full-power heating method consumes a significant amount of battery energy in low-temperature environments, creating a vicious cycle where maintaining temperature consumes power, leading to reduced battery capacity and the need for more insulation. Consequently, it struggles to meet the power supply requirements of the traveling wave fault detection device and its power supply batteries under various operating conditions. In addition, existing power supply methods with backup batteries rely on mechanical switches or simple logic to switch power, making it difficult to dynamically adjust the power supply strategy based on the operating status of the power supply battery and the traveling wave fault detection device. This can easily lead to switching failures or malfunctions, resulting in a lack of continuity in fault detection by the traveling wave fault detection device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this specification provides a battery-powered method and apparatus for a traveling wave fault detection device through one or more embodiments.

[0005] One or more embodiments of this specification employ the following technical solutions:

[0006] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a battery-powered method for a traveling wave fault detection device, applied to a battery-powered device. The battery-powered device includes: a low-temperature battery pack composed of master and slave power supplies; a heating plate attached to the low-temperature battery pack; sensors arranged at various detection points of the low-temperature battery pack; and a microcontroller electrically connected to the driving circuit of the heating plate and the sensors, respectively. The heating plate has multiple sets of NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistors. The method includes:

[0007] The microcontroller detects the low-temperature battery pack based on the multiple sets of NTC thermistors and the sensors, and obtains multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack; wherein, the multi-dimensional detection information includes at least: temperature information, battery status information, and environmental information;

[0008] Based on the multidimensional detection information and the preset heating trigger conditions, determine whether to trigger a heating command;

[0009] If so, the operating status of the traveling wave fault detection device is obtained based on the heating command, and the current time-level heating strategy is determined according to the multi-dimensional detection information and the operating status to control the heating plate to heat, and the heating result is obtained in real time; wherein, the heating result is the real-time feedback battery temperature data and battery charge data after heating.

[0010] By comparing the current operating state of the traveling wave fault detection device with the previous operating state, the operating state switching information of the traveling wave fault detection device is determined. In combination with the operating state switching information and the heating result, the low-temperature battery pack is controlled to switch between master and slave power supply.

[0011] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this specification, before detecting the low-temperature battery pack based on the multiple sets of NTC thermistors and the sensor to obtain multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack, the method further includes:

[0012] Based on the fault data and thermal imaging analysis results of the low-temperature battery pack within a preset time, multiple temperature-sensitive areas of the low-temperature battery pack are determined.

[0013] Based on the fault data and thermal imaging analysis results within the preset time period, the fault frequency and temperature gradient corresponding to each temperature-sensitive area are determined.

[0014] The required number of NTC thermistors for each temperature-sensitive area is determined based on the fault frequency and the temperature difference gradient, and the required number of NTC thermistors are evenly distributed in each temperature-sensitive area.

[0015] Based on the physical data of the low-temperature battery pack, the concentrated fault structure corresponding to the fault data within a preset time period is determined, and the concentrated fault structure is used as the first key detection point. Based on the environmental information, the low-temperature concentrated area is determined, and the low-temperature concentrated area is used as the second key detection point.

[0016] Based on the detection information corresponding to the first key detection point and the second key detection point, the deployment of various types of sensors is realized; wherein, the physical data includes: series and parallel topology, electrical connection points, and physical structure.

[0017] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the low-temperature battery pack is detected based on the multiple sets of NTC thermistors and the sensor to obtain multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack, specifically including:

[0018] Based on the real-time resistance signals of the multiple sets of NTC thermistors, the temperature data corresponding to the detection point of each NTC thermistor is determined, and the local temperature data and global temperature average of the low-temperature battery pack are determined based on the temperature data, which are used as the temperature information of the low-temperature battery pack.

[0019] Based on a preset voltage sensor, a preset current sensor, and a preset battery detection module, the battery status information of the low-temperature battery pack is detected; wherein, the preset battery detection module is used to detect the AC impedance response of the low-temperature battery pack.

[0020] The environmental information of the low-temperature battery pack is determined based on the pre-installed environmental sensors and the data currently received from the IoT (Internet of Things) platform.

[0021] The temperature information, battery status information, and environmental information are filtered to obtain multidimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack.

[0022] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the battery state information of the low-temperature battery pack is detected based on a preset voltage sensor, a preset current sensor, and a preset battery detection module, specifically including:

[0023] The operating status of the low-temperature battery pack is detected by the preset voltage sensor and the preset current sensor to obtain the first battery status information;

[0024] The pre-set battery detection module sends a multi-frequency AC excitation signal with a specific frequency range to the low-temperature battery pack through a built-in signal generator, and collects the AC impedance response data of each cell unit in the low-temperature battery pack through a built-in voltage acquisition module, so that the pre-set battery detection module can obtain the phase angle and impedance magnitude of the AC impedance response data.

[0025] Based on the impedance modulus value and the preset impedance modulus value range, determine whether the cell unit is abnormal;

[0026] If so, a transient excitation is injected into the abnormal cell to obtain the relaxation voltage response data of the abnormal cell.

[0027] The parameters of the relaxation voltage response data, as well as the phase angle and impedance magnitude of the AC impedance response data, are input into a preset deep learning network to obtain the second battery state information.

[0028] The battery status information of the low-temperature battery pack is determined based on the first battery status information and the second battery status information.

[0029] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this specification, determining whether to trigger a heating command based on the multidimensional detection information and preset heating trigger conditions specifically includes:

[0030] The current operating mode of the low-temperature battery pack is obtained, as well as the temperature and environmental information of the multi-dimensional detection information; wherein, the current operating mode includes: low-temperature pre-activation mode and operation heat preservation mode;

[0031] If the current working mode is determined to be a low-temperature pre-activation mode, then a heating command is determined based on the global average temperature, local temperature value, and ambient temperature corresponding to the environmental information.

[0032] If the current working mode is determined to be the heat preservation mode, then the current waste heat value of the traveling wave fault detection device is determined based on the global temperature average, local temperature value and the ambient temperature corresponding to the environmental information.

[0033] Determine the temperature difference between the global average temperature and the preset maintenance temperature threshold, and determine whether the current waste heat value maintains the temperature difference based on the historical records corresponding to the current waste heat value;

[0034] If not, a heating command will be triggered.

[0035] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this specification, a heating command is determined based on the global average temperature, the local temperature value, and the ambient temperature corresponding to the environmental information, specifically including:

[0036] If the ambient temperature is less than a preset first temperature threshold, or the global average temperature is less than a preset second temperature threshold, or the local temperature is less than a third temperature threshold, then a heating command is triggered.

[0037] The preset first temperature threshold is less than the preset second temperature threshold, and the preset second temperature threshold is less than the third temperature threshold.

[0038] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the operating state of the traveling wave fault detection device is obtained based on the heating command, and a graded heating strategy is determined at the current moment to control the heating plate to heat according to the multi-dimensional detection information and the operating state, thereby obtaining a heating result. Specifically, this includes:

[0039] The operating status of the traveling wave fault detection device is obtained based on the heating command; wherein, the operating status includes: non-starting state, standby state, and detection state;

[0040] If the working state is determined to be an inactive state, then based on the preset heating triggering conditions that trigger the heating command, the total heat power corresponding to the temperature difference range to be heated is determined, and PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control data corresponding to the total heat power is obtained; wherein, the PID control data includes: proportional coefficient, integral time constant, and derivative time constant;

[0041] If the working state is determined to be either detection state or standby state, the processor load rate and the real-time current of each computing unit of the traveling wave fault detection device are acquired in real time, so as to determine the current waste heat output power of the traveling wave fault detection device based on the processor load rate and the real-time current of each computing unit.

[0042] Based on the current waste heat output power and the total heat power corresponding to the temperature difference range to be heated, the differential power is determined, and PID control data corresponding to the total heat power is obtained based on the differential power.

[0043] The duty cycle of the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is dynamically adjusted based on the PID control data so as to drive the NMOS (N-channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) switch of the heating circuit to heat the low-temperature battery pack.

[0044] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the operating state of the traveling wave fault detection device at the current moment is compared with the operating state at the previous moment to determine the operating state switching information of the traveling wave fault detection device. This information, combined with the heating result, is used to control the cryogenic battery pack to switch between master and slave power supplies. Specifically, this includes:

[0045] The working status of the traveling wave fault detection device is monitored in real time to compare the current working status of the traveling wave fault detection device with the working status of the previous time.

[0046] If it is determined that the working state has switched from standby mode to detection mode, the transient current support mechanism is activated, the supercapacitor bank is called to provide instantaneous large current, and power is supplied based on the main power supply of the low temperature battery pack.

[0047] If it is determined that the working state has switched from the detection state to the standby state, the output current of the main power supply is reduced, and the system switches to a low-power mode.

[0048] Based on the battery temperature change trend in the heating results and the real-time state of charge of the supercapacitor group, the charging and discharging strategies of the master and slave power sources in the low-temperature battery pack are dynamically adjusted, and the charging and discharging of the battery pack is rotated.

[0049] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this specification, after controlling the cryogenic battery pack to achieve master-slave power supply switching by combining the operating state switching information and the heating result, the method further includes:

[0050] The power supply voltage of the current power supply circuit is monitored in real time, so as to determine the power supply voltage fluctuation range of the current power supply circuit based on the power supply voltage;

[0051] If it is determined that the power supply voltage fluctuation range is greater than the preset fluctuation range threshold, the secondary switch of the master-slave power supply is triggered, and the power supply voltage fluctuation range is uploaded via CAN (Controller Area Network) bus to facilitate the maintenance of power supply anomalies corresponding to the power supply voltage fluctuation range.

[0052] This specification provides a battery-powered device for a traveling wave fault detection apparatus according to one or more embodiments. The apparatus includes: a low-temperature battery pack consisting of a master and slave power supply, a heating plate attached to the low-temperature battery pack, sensors located at multiple detection points of the low-temperature battery pack, and a microcontroller electrically connected to the driving circuit of the heating plate and the sensors, respectively. The heating plate has multiple sets of NTC thermistors, and the microcontroller is used to execute any of the methods described above.

[0053] The above-described at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this specification can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0054] By employing multiple sets of NTC thermistors and sensors at multiple detection points, precise global and local temperatures of the battery pack can be acquired. Combined with a graded heating strategy, uniform and efficient heating is achieved, preventing localized overheating or underheating, maximizing heating efficiency while protecting battery health. By comparing operating state switching information, the microcontroller can predict upcoming instantaneous high-current demands, facilitating seamless transition between standby power consumption and high-current fault mode in the traveling wave fault detection device, reducing external heating energy consumption. Furthermore, by using operating state switching information in conjunction with heating results for power switching, the master and slave power supplies in the low-temperature battery pack can alternate between charging and power supply, thereby improving the battery's endurance. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or prior art of this specification, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0056] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a battery-powered method for a traveling wave fault detection device provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery-powered device for a traveling wave fault detection device provided in the embodiments of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0058] This specification provides a battery-powered method and apparatus for a traveling wave fault detection device.

[0059] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0060] like Figure 1As shown in the diagram, this specification provides a schematic flowchart of a battery-powered method for a traveling wave fault detection device. The battery-powered method for a traveling wave fault detection device provided in this specification is applied to a battery-powered device, comprising a low-temperature battery pack consisting of a master and slave power supply, a heating plate attached to the low-temperature battery pack, sensors arranged at various detection points of the low-temperature battery pack, and a microcontroller electrically connected to the driving circuit of the heating plate and the sensors respectively. It should be noted that the heating plate has multiple sets of NTC thermistors. An NTC thermistor is a semiconductor sensing element whose core characteristic is a significant decrease in resistance as temperature increases, and it can be used for temperature measurement. In this battery-powered device, the battery-powered method for a traveling wave fault detection device specifically includes the following steps:

[0061] S101: The microcontroller detects the low-temperature battery pack based on the multiple sets of NTC thermistors and the sensor, and obtains multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack; wherein, the multi-dimensional detection information includes at least: temperature information, battery status information, and environmental information.

[0062] Because commonly used lithium batteries experience ion migration stagnation at -20°C, leading to a decrease in usable capacity, an increase in internal resistance, and a loss of high-current discharge capability, they cannot power the traveling wave fault detection system. This results in a shortened operating range for the traveling wave fault detection device in cold winters, and the battery voltage is instantly pulled down, rendering it inoperable at extreme temperatures. Therefore, to avoid this temperature, it is necessary to monitor the temperature of the low-temperature battery pack and thus heat it. During the heating process, to avoid the difficulty in obtaining the overall temperature of the low-temperature battery pack due to the single, isolated detection method in traditional methods, the heating control is made more precise and reliable. In the embodiments of this specification, the microcontroller uses multiple sets of NTC thermistors and sensors to detect the low-temperature battery pack, thereby obtaining multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack. It should be noted that the multi-dimensional detection information includes at least: temperature information, battery status information, and environmental information.

[0063] It should also be noted that the cryogenic battery pack features a master-slave power supply design. The main power supply consists of a battery pack composed of 2 parallel and 3 series cryogenic 18650 lithium batteries; the auxiliary power supply provides transient high current to the supercapacitor bank, such as for communication module startup. This cryogenic battery pack also features a vacuum insulation layer, meaning the battery compartment uses 1mm vacuum insulation cotton and foam adhesive combined with a high-temperature insulating epoxy board to form an insulation structure.

[0064] Furthermore, in one or more embodiments of this specification, before detecting the low-temperature battery pack based on multiple sets of NTC thermistors and the sensor to obtain multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack, the method further includes the following process:

[0065] First, by using fault data and thermal imaging analysis results from the low-temperature battery pack within a preset time period, multiple temperature-sensitive areas of the low-temperature battery pack are identified. For example, the fault data and thermal imaging analysis results within the preset time period can be time-aligned based on their respective corresponding times. This allows for the acquisition of fault timestamps based on the fault data within the preset time period. Using these timestamps as key points, thermal imaging analysis data from periods preceding these timestamps, such as 1 hour or 24 hours before the fault, can be obtained to determine how the temperature field of the battery pack evolved before the fault occurred. During this process, areas exhibiting persistent or sudden temperatures lower than other areas of the battery pack can be identified as low-temperature areas. These low-temperature areas are the spatiotemporally overlapping regions of the fault point and the low-temperature area. If multiple independent faults all point to this low-temperature area, it is designated as a temperature-sensitive area. Then, based on the fault data and thermal imaging analysis results within the preset time period, the fault frequency and temperature gradient corresponding to each temperature-sensitive area are determined. It can be understood that the fault frequency is the number of times the area has occurred in historical faults, while the temperature gradient is the rate of change of the temperature difference between this area and the normal operating area of ​​the battery pack.

[0066] Since both fault frequency and temperature gradient indicate the risk level of temperature-sensitive areas, this specification aims to ensure denser monitoring, more accurate data, and better heating in high-risk areas. In this embodiment, the required number of NTC thermistors for each temperature-sensitive area is determined based on the fault frequency and temperature gradient obtained above. To ensure real-time capture of temperature changes in each sub-region and avoid missed detections of localized low temperatures due to concentrated deployment, the thermistors are evenly distributed across the temperature-sensitive areas based on the required number. This means that temperature-sensitive areas are classified according to fault frequency and temperature gradient, and the required number of NTC thermistors is determined based on this classification. Furthermore, since NTC thermistors focus solely on temperature monitoring, but battery pack failures can be caused by multiple factors such as temperature, voltage, humidity, and vibration, this specification's embodiments determine key detection points for the low-temperature battery pack based on environmental and physical data. The deployment of various types of sensors is then based on the detection information corresponding to the first and second key detection points. The physical data includes series and parallel topology, electrical connection points, and physical structure. It is important to note that the key detection points are as follows: First, a correlation mapping analysis is performed between the aforementioned physical structures and historical fault data within a preset time period. This analysis identifies concentrated fault structures with a statistically significant higher failure frequency than other areas, and these concentrated fault structures are designated as the first key detection point. Second, based on environmental information, concentrated low-temperature areas are determined, and these low-temperature concentrated areas are designated as the second key detection point.

[0067] This process aligns fault data with thermal imaging time to directly trace the evolution of the temperature field before the fault. Multiple fault verifications pinpoint sensitive areas, ensuring a strong correlation between the identification results and actual fault risk. This significantly reduces the resource allocation problems caused by subjective experience-based NTC thermistor deployment in traditional methods. Differentiated NTC configurations allow for dense deployment in high-risk areas to ensure monitoring accuracy, while reducing the number in low-risk areas to control costs, avoiding the cost waste or insufficient accuracy issues caused by uniform deployment across the entire area. Furthermore, identifying key detection points using environmental and physical data allows for the deployment of various sensor types based on the detection information at each point, improving temperature detection accuracy and reducing misjudgments caused by single-point ground temperature detection.

[0068] Specifically, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the low-temperature battery pack is detected based on multiple sets of NTC thermistors and sensors to obtain multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack, specifically including the following process:

[0069] Real-time resistance signals from multiple sets of NTC thermistors are acquired, and the temperature data corresponding to the detection point of each NTC thermistor is determined based on these resistance signals. This temperature data is then used to determine the local temperature value and the global average temperature of the low-temperature battery pack, serving as its temperature information. By simultaneously acquiring temperature data from different key parts of the battery pack using multiple sets of NTC thermistors, not only are local temperature values ​​generated to capture microscopic thermal anomalies, but the overall thermal state is also assessed by calculating the global average temperature, avoiding blind spots and misjudgment risks inherent in traditional single-sensor monitoring. Simultaneously, the battery status information of the low-temperature battery pack is detected based on preset voltage and current sensors and a preset battery detection module. It should be noted that the preset battery detection module is used to detect the AC impedance response of the low-temperature battery pack. Furthermore, the environmental information of the low-temperature battery pack is determined based on preset environmental sensors and currently received IoT platform data. The acquired temperature, battery status, and environmental information are filtered to obtain multi-dimensional detection information for the low-temperature battery pack.

[0070] Furthermore, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the battery status information of the low-temperature battery pack is detected based on a preset voltage sensor, a preset current sensor, and a preset battery detection module, specifically including the following process:

[0071] The operating status of the cryogenic battery pack is detected by a preset voltage sensor and a preset current sensor to obtain first battery status information, including overcurrent, overvoltage, undercurrent, and undervoltage states. Then, the preset battery detection module sends multi-frequency AC excitation signals within a specific frequency range to the cryogenic battery pack via a built-in signal generator, and collects AC impedance response data of each cell unit in the cryogenic battery pack via a built-in voltage acquisition module. This allows the preset battery detection module to obtain the phase angle and impedance magnitude of the AC impedance response data. Based on the obtained impedance magnitude and a preset impedance magnitude range, it is determined whether a cell unit is abnormal. The preset impedance magnitude range can be calibrated using impedance data from healthy cells of the same model and can include the normal fluctuation range under cryogenic conditions. If an abnormality is detected, a transient excitation is injected into the abnormal cell unit to obtain its relaxation voltage response data. The parameters of this relaxation voltage response data, along with the phase angle and impedance magnitude of the AC impedance response data, are input into a preset deep learning network to obtain second battery status information. Based on the first battery state information and the second battery state information obtained above, the battery state information of the low-temperature battery pack is determined.

[0072] This process leverages AC impedance response and relaxation voltage response data to gain insight into invisible electrochemical processes within the battery, enabling early, online predictive diagnosis of serious safety hazards such as lithium deposition. This avoids the limitations of traditional methods that only monitor external parameters like voltage and current, and can only respond passively after problems worsen. Furthermore, the preset impedance modulus range takes into account the impact of low-temperature environments, preventing the misinterpretation of normal impedance increases caused by low temperatures as faults.

[0073] S102: Determine whether to trigger a heating command based on the multidimensional detection information and the preset heating trigger conditions.

[0074] Traditional solutions often employ continuous heating or fixed threshold triggering, failing to dynamically adjust based on actual environmental changes and equipment status, leading to significant energy waste. Furthermore, relying solely on real-time temperature detection often results in the system only initiating heating after the battery has become severely chilled, impacting battery performance recovery speed and system startup reliability. Moreover, single temperature detection cannot comprehensively reflect the system state, easily leading to inappropriate heating timing or unreasonable energy distribution. Therefore, to address these issues, this embodiment utilizes multi-dimensional detection information obtained in step S101, along with corresponding preset heating triggering conditions, to determine whether to trigger a heating command. This approach achieves precise heating command triggering through multi-dimensional state perception and condition judgment, avoiding energy waste caused by blind heating in traditional solutions and ensuring the battery maintains good performance even in extreme low-temperature environments. This improves the reliability, endurance, and economy of the entire traveling wave fault detection system in low-temperature environments.

[0075] Specifically, to address the energy waste problem of traditional traveling wave detection devices that heat regardless of need during power supply, and to resolve the disconnect between the singular nature of heating measurements and the actual operating state of the traveling wave detection device and the actual operating state of the low-temperature battery, in one or more embodiments of this specification, determining whether to trigger a heating command based on multi-dimensional detection information and preset heating trigger conditions specifically includes the following steps:

[0076] The system acquires the current operating mode of the cryogenic battery pack, which includes: cryogenic pre-activation mode and operating insulation mode. It also acquires temperature and environmental information from multi-dimensional detection data. If the current operating mode is determined to be cryogenic pre-activation mode—a mode activated when the device is first started or in extremely cold environments—it aims to quickly and safely restore the battery from a cryogenic "frozen" state to its normal operating temperature. In cryogenic pre-activation mode, a heating command is triggered based on the global average temperature, local temperature values, and the corresponding ambient temperature. Specifically, if any of these values ​​falls below a safe operating threshold, a heating command is triggered, thereby rapidly warming the cryogenic battery pack to achieve activation.

[0077] If the current operating mode is determined to be the heat preservation mode—meaning the mode maintains the battery temperature with minimal energy consumption after the battery temperature has been raised and activated—then the system determines the current waste heat value of the traveling wave fault detection device based on the global average temperature, local temperature values, and the corresponding ambient temperature. This waste heat is the free heat generated by the CPU (Central Processing Unit) and other chips in the traveling wave fault detection device. By calculating the temperature difference between the global average temperature and the preset maintenance temperature threshold, the required heat is determined. Based on the historical data corresponding to the current waste heat value, it is determined whether the current waste heat value is sufficient to maintain the temperature difference and compensate for the heat gap. If the temperature cannot be maintained, a heating command is triggered to activate additional electric heating to fill the gap. If the waste heat is sufficient, no heating is needed, thus achieving zero-energy-consumption heat preservation.

[0078] This process introduces a waste heat sufficiency assessment, transforming heating from timed and temperature-triggered to on-demand triggering, significantly reducing unnecessary heating energy consumption. Maximizing the use of free waste heat minimizes the energy consumption of additional electric heating, significantly extending battery life in low-temperature environments. Compared to traditional continuous heating solutions, the energy-saving effect is exceptionally significant. Simultaneously, waste heat is converted into a usable resource and used for battery insulation through thermal conductivity design, achieving energy synergy within the system. This breaks the problem of continuous power consumption in traditional constant temperature chambers or heating films, avoiding the vicious cycle of power consumption for insulation leading to reduced battery capacity and the need for more insulation. Furthermore, by distinguishing between the low-temperature battery pack's pre-activation mode and operating insulation mode, different decision logics are employed, achieving the reliability of the pre-activation mode and the economy of the insulation mode, ensuring the strategy highly aligns with the actual operating conditions of the low-temperature battery pack.

[0079] Specifically, in one or more embodiments of this specification, a heating command is determined based on the global average temperature, local temperature value, and ambient temperature corresponding to the environmental information, including:

[0080] If the ambient temperature is lower than a preset first temperature threshold, or the global average temperature is lower than a preset second temperature threshold, or the local temperature is lower than a third temperature threshold, then a heating command is triggered. It should be noted that the preset first temperature threshold is lower than the preset second temperature threshold, and the preset second temperature threshold is lower than the third temperature threshold. By setting these temperature thresholds, heating can be initiated promptly regardless of external environmental factors, overall temperature drops, or internal temperature unevenness during power supply. Multiple safeguards ensure that the battery operates within a suitable temperature range, guaranteeing that the traveling wave monitoring device can operate normally based on the low-temperature battery pack and preventing shutdowns due to sudden voltage drops.

[0081] Furthermore, in a specific application scenario, fault signals are collected in real time to monitor the current SOC (State of Charge) and temperature of the supercapacitor. A wireless module is also added to connect to an IoT platform to read the latest weather forecast in real time. When the ambient temperature is detected to be below a set value, the heating channel is activated to heat the battery to a threshold. In a low-temperature pre-activation mode, such as when the temperature is below the first set value of -20°C, PWM pulse heating is used, and PID parameter tuning is employed to control the heating power to heat the battery. The battery temperature is raised to above the second set value of -10°C before power supply is activated to avoid damage from high current. Heating continues until the third set value of 0°C, at which point the battery continuously supplies power to the module. If the battery's safe operating temperature is exceeded, an alarm signal is issued. In the ongoing heat preservation mode, thermally conductive silicone pads are used to direct the waste heat from the CPU signal processing chip during the operation of the traveling wave fault detection device to the battery compartment, maintaining the temperature above the first set value.

[0082] S103: If so, the operating status of the traveling wave fault detection device is obtained based on the heating command, and the current time-level heating strategy is determined according to the multi-dimensional detection information and the operating status to control the heating plate to heat, and the heating result is obtained in real time; wherein, the heating result is the real-time feedback battery temperature data and battery charge data after heating.

[0083] If step S102 above determines that a heating command needs to be triggered, then in this embodiment of the specification, the operating status of the traveling wave fault detection device will be obtained according to the heating command. Based on the multi-dimensional detection information and the operating status, the current time-based graded heating strategy will be determined to control the heating plate to heat, and the heating result will be obtained. The heating result is the real-time feedback of battery temperature data and battery charge data after heating. Simply put, the heating result reflects whether the heating has reached the expected level, how much it has reached, and the status information, which is a key basis for subsequent power switching control. This method, through a graded heating strategy, avoids the problem in traditional methods where heating based on a fixed power may result in insufficient heating when the device is in sleep mode, and excessive heating when the device is busy handling faults, wasting already limited electrical energy.

[0084] Specifically, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the operating state of the traveling wave fault detection device is obtained based on a heating command, and a graded heating strategy is determined at the current moment to control the heating plate to heat according to the multi-dimensional detection information and the operating state, thereby obtaining a heating result. This specifically includes:

[0085] The operating status of the traveling wave fault detection device is obtained based on heating commands. These operating statuses include: inactive, standby, and detection. If the operating status is determined to be inactive, the total heat power corresponding to the temperature difference range to be heated is determined according to the preset heating trigger conditions that triggered the heating command, and PID control data corresponding to the total heat power is obtained. It should be noted that the PID control data includes the proportional coefficient, integral time constant, and derivative time constant. If the operating status is determined to be detection or standby, the processor load rate and real-time current of each computing unit of the traveling wave fault detection device are acquired in real time. Based on the processor load rate and the real-time current of each computing unit, the current waste heat output power of the traveling wave fault detection device is determined. Then, based on the current waste heat output power and the total heat power corresponding to the temperature difference range to be heated, the differential power is determined, and PID control data corresponding to the total heat power is obtained based on the differential power. Based on the obtained PID control data and preset mapping rules, the PID control data is converted into the target adjustment amount of the PWM duty cycle. The actual duty cycle parameter of the current PWM signal is read, and the actual duty cycle parameter of the current PWM signal is adjusted according to the target adjustment amount of the PWM duty cycle to dynamically adjust the PWM duty cycle so as to drive the NMOS switch of the heating circuit to heat the low-temperature battery pack.

[0086] During this process, when the traveling wave fault detection device is running, the current waste heat output power is calculated in real time and deducted from the total heat power. Only the electric heating plate is used to supplement the insufficient power, effectively recovering and utilizing the heat generated by the device itself, directly reducing battery energy consumption. When the device is not running, although waste heat cannot be utilized, the system calculates the exact total heat power required based on the specific temperature difference range to be heated and matches the corresponding PID parameters for precise heating, avoiding energy excess and waste caused by coarse full-power heating. Furthermore, by using PID control data matched to the power target, rather than simple on / off control, different PID parameter sets are used for different total heat power or differential power, ensuring stable temperature regulation and preventing the battery from being forced to discharge at high current in low-temperature environments. The stable heating process also avoids thermal shock to the battery, maintaining it within a suitable temperature range during detection or standby states, reducing the occurrence of side reactions such as low-temperature lithium plating, and protecting the battery health of the low-temperature battery pack.

[0087] In a certain application scenario, during the heating process of a low-temperature battery pack, a heating plate is placed close to the battery pack during the startup phase to monitor the battery temperature in real time. The heating plate contains multiple NTC thermistors. When the NTC thermistors detect the preset battery temperature, they drive an NMOS switch via PWM to control the on / off state of the subsequent heating circuit. When the NMOS switch is on, Joule heat is generated as the resistor flows through it, with a maximum power of 10W. Then, a PID controller is used to adjust the output control quantity. Specifically, the proportional coefficient Kp is determined: when determining the proportional coefficient Kp, the integral and derivative coefficients are set to zero (Ti=0, Td=0), making the PID controller proportional. The input is set to 60%–70% of the system's maximum allowable output value. Kp is gradually increased from 0 until the system oscillates, then Kp is gradually decreased from the current value until the oscillation disappears. The proportional coefficient Kp at this point is recorded, and the PID proportional coefficient Kp is set to 60%–70% of the current value. After determining Kp, set a large integral time constant Ti, then gradually decrease Ti until the system oscillates. Then gradually increase Ti until the oscillation disappears. Record Ti at this point. Set the PID integral time constant Ti to 1.5 to 1.8 times the current value. Determine the derivative time constant Td. Generally, Td does not need to be set and can be 0, at which point PID control is converted to PI control. If it needs to be set, use the same method as determining Kp, taking 30% of its value when there is no oscillation. Fine-tune the PID parameters through no-load and load testing until the performance requirements are met. After PID parameter tuning, output a control quantity to reheat the battery. Within a certain time, the battery temperature rises to the first set value, achieving low power consumption, efficient, fast, and uniform heating of the battery pack, preventing instantaneous battery failure at -40℃. As the temperature rises, the battery's internal resistance decreases. PID control of the heating output power reduces the heating current to prevent localized overheating, achieving a smoother and more uniform temperature rise. When the NTC detects that the battery pack temperature has reached the second set value, heating stops to prevent lithium plating and side reactions, protecting the battery's health. When the battery pack voltage is detected to be below the set value, heating stops and power supply is stopped, switching to another battery pack. Simultaneously, the current battery pack is charged, while the other battery pack continues to supply power normally. The battery's internal resistance, charging / discharging current, voltage, and temperature changes are monitored in real time. When the battery is in a healthy state, it is heated to the set value at maximum power and then kept at a constant temperature. When overcharging or overcurrent is detected in the battery pack, PID control of heating is stopped, and charging / discharging is halted.

[0088] S104: Compare the current working state of the traveling wave fault detection device with the working state of the previous time to determine the working state switching information of the traveling wave fault detection device, so as to combine the working state switching information with the heating result to control the low temperature battery pack to realize the master-slave power supply switching.

[0089] After heating according to the preset graded heating strategy in step S103, in order to monitor the power state switching and ensure seamless connection between standby power consumption and high-current fault mode, the device's operating state is dynamically matched with the power supply's output characteristics and energy recovery, reducing external heating energy consumption. Simultaneously, to address the problem of voltage instability and unstable operation caused by a single battery pack simultaneously supplying power and charging, this embodiment compares the current operating state of the traveling wave fault detection device with the previous operating state to determine the operating state switching information of the traveling wave fault detection device. This information, combined with the heating results, controls the low-temperature battery pack to achieve master-slave power supply switching.

[0090] Specifically, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the operating state of the traveling wave fault detection device at the current moment is compared with the operating state at the previous moment to determine the operating state switching information of the traveling wave fault detection device. This information, combined with the heating result, is used to control the low-temperature battery pack to achieve master-slave power supply switching, specifically including:

[0091] The system monitors the operating status of the traveling wave fault detection device in real time, comparing its current state with that of the previous moment. If the operating state switches from standby mode to detection mode, a transient current support mechanism is activated, utilizing the supercapacitor bank to provide a large instantaneous current, powered by the main power supply of the cryogenic battery pack. Conversely, if the operating state switches from detection mode to standby mode, the output current of the main power supply is reduced, switching to a low-power mode. Then, based on the battery temperature change trend in the heating results and the real-time state of charge of the supercapacitor bank, the charging and discharging strategies of the master and slave power supplies in the cryogenic battery pack are dynamically adjusted, alternating between charging and discharging.

[0092] During this process, by predicting state transitions, a transient current support mechanism is immediately activated the instantaneously upon switching to the detection state, utilizing the supercapacitor bank to provide a large instantaneous current. The supercapacitors, with their extremely low internal resistance and high power density, can easily handle peak loads, ensuring that the traveling wave fault detection device does not experience voltage drops due to instantaneous loads, thus preventing data loss or system crashes. When the operating state is detected to switch back from detection to standby, the process immediately reduces the main power supply output current, switching to a low-power mode to avoid any unnecessary energy waste. Furthermore, based on the heating results and the supercapacitor's state of charge, the charging and discharging strategies of the master and slave battery packs are dynamically adjusted, preventing high-current discharge and charging of the batteries in low-temperature environments and significantly extending battery life.

[0093] In a specific application scenario, if a fault detection mode is entered, the supercapacitor is activated to support the large discharge current. The supercapacitor directly supplies power to the battery pack's charging power management system. The power management system then branches out a power tree to power each module. Since the power supply proceeds step-by-step, each module's power is supplied via a step-up / step-down converter from the power management chip, followed by a low-dropout linear regulator circuit or a DC-DC converter circuit. The current required by each module can be estimated based on the chips used in its circuitry, and a certain amount is reserved as the required supply current. When the heating module needs heating, its power is turned on. If there is no fault, it enters standby mode, switching to a small current supply from the main battery. The fault current energy recovery coil captures the corresponding energy, lowering the SOC maintenance threshold and prioritizing energy recovery, directly storing it in the capacitor to replenish consumption and avoiding wasted energy due to a full capacitor. Regarding the reduction in the SOC maintenance threshold, it should be noted that the supercapacitor's high power density can handle instantaneous high-current loads, while the battery provides continuous power. Therefore, if the supercapacitor is consumed too quickly, it will directly affect the system response speed. Thus, when the supercapacitor's SOC is less than 15%, the battery needs frequent energy replenishment. In this case, the battery's SOC threshold needs to be increased to quickly replenish the supercapacitor, ensuring system stability and avoiding over-discharge. In fault mode, the battery's SOC needs to be increased, while in fault-free mode, it needs to be decreased. The supercapacitor's consumption can be calculated using the ampere-hour integral method, which estimates the supercapacitor's SOC by integrating the discharge current over time during charging and discharging.

[0094] The supercapacitor is charged using a current transformer (CT) power module or a solar power module. Supercapacitors exhibit significantly different charging characteristics compared to traditional batteries; their charging voltage is linearly related to the amount of charge, and they have extremely low internal resistance. The charging current can be gradually increased to a set value by connecting a current-limiting resistor in series. Initially, a constant current is used for rapid charging to the threshold voltage, then a constant voltage mode is switched to prevent overcharging. When the peak power from the CT or solar load exceeds the rated power, the supercapacitor compensates with instantaneous high-power discharge, reducing the pressure on the main power supply module. At low temperatures, its charging and discharging current is reduced. Voltage imbalance when multiple capacitors are connected in series can lead to capacity decay or even thermal runaway due to differences in individual capacitor voltages. Therefore, an active balancing method using switched capacitors or inductors for energy transfer is employed to ensure balancing efficiency. Simultaneously, a bidirectional buck-boost topology can be used to switch charging and discharging modes, improving system efficiency. Throughout this process, efficient and reliable operation is achieved by dynamically responding to fault frequency, energy recovery levels, and power consumption requirements.

[0095] Furthermore, in one or more embodiments of this specification, after controlling the cryogenic battery pack to achieve master-slave power supply switching by combining operating state switching information and heating results, the method further includes:

[0096] The system monitors the supply voltage of the current power supply circuit in real time to determine its voltage fluctuation range. If the voltage fluctuation range exceeds a preset threshold, a secondary switchover of the master-slave power supply is triggered, and the voltage fluctuation range is uploaded via the CAN bus for maintenance of power supply anomalies corresponding to the fluctuation range. Based on real-time feedback on power quality, the system dynamically adjusts the strategy for the secondary switchover, enhancing its adaptability during the power supply process and significantly improving the availability and maintainability of the entire traveling wave fault detection system.

[0097] like Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, this specification provides a schematic structural diagram of the battery-powered device for a traveling wave fault detection apparatus. Figure 2 As can be seen, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the device includes: a low-temperature battery pack consisting of a master and slave power supply, a heating plate in close contact with the low-temperature battery pack, sensors located at multiple detection points of the low-temperature battery pack, and a microcontroller electrically connected to the driving circuit of the heating plate and the sensors respectively, wherein the heating plate has multiple sets of NTC thermistors, and the microcontroller is used to: execute any of the methods described above.

[0098] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the embodiments of apparatus, devices, and non-volatile computer storage media are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0099] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0100] The above description is merely one or more embodiments of this specification and is not intended to limit this specification. Various modifications and variations can be made to the one or more embodiments of this specification by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included within the scope of the claims of this specification.

Claims

1. A battery powered method of a travelling wave fault detection apparatus, characterized by, The application is applied to a battery-powered device, and the battery-powered device comprises a low-temperature battery pack composed of master and slave power supplies, a heating plate close to the low-temperature battery pack, sensors arranged at detection points of the low-temperature battery pack, and a microcontroller electrically connected with a driving circuit of the heating plate and the sensors respectively, wherein the heating plate has a plurality of NTC thermistors, and the method comprises the following steps: The microcontroller detects the low-temperature battery pack based on the plurality of NTC thermistors and the sensors, and obtains multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack; wherein the multi-dimensional detection information at least comprises temperature information, battery state information and environmental information; According to the multi-dimensional detection information and a preset heating triggering condition, it is determined whether to trigger a heating instruction; If yes, the working state of a traveling wave fault detection device is obtained based on the heating instruction, so as to determine a hierarchical heating strategy according to the multi-dimensional detection information and the working state to control the heating plate to heat, and to obtain a heating result in real time; wherein the heating result is real-time feedback of battery temperature data and battery charge data after heating; By comparing the working state of the traveling wave fault detection device at the current time with the working state at the last time, the working state switching information of the traveling wave fault detection device is determined, so as to control the low-temperature battery pack to realize master-slave power supply switching in combination with the working state switching information and the heating result.

2. The battery powered method of a traveling wave fault detection device of claim 1, wherein, Before detecting the low-temperature battery pack based on the plurality of NTC thermistors and the sensors to obtain the multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack, the method further comprises the following steps: Based on the fault data within a preset time and the thermal imaging analysis result within a preset time of the low-temperature battery pack, a plurality of temperature sensitive areas of the low-temperature battery pack are determined; According to the fault data within a preset time and the thermal imaging analysis result within a preset time, the fault frequency and the temperature difference gradient corresponding to each temperature sensitive area are determined; According to the fault frequency and the temperature difference gradient, the required arrangement number of NTC thermistors of each temperature sensitive area is determined, and the required arrangement number of NTC thermistors are evenly arranged in each temperature sensitive area; According to the physical data of the low-temperature battery pack, a concentrated fault structure corresponding to the fault data within a preset time is determined, so as to take the concentrated fault structure as a first key detection point, and a low-temperature concentration area is determined according to the environmental information, so as to take the low-temperature concentration area as a second key detection point; Based on the detection information corresponding to the first key detection point and the second key detection point respectively, the arrangement of each type of sensor is realized; wherein the physical data comprises series-parallel topology relationship, electrical connection point and physical structure.

3. The battery powered method of a traveling wave fault detection device of claim 1, wherein, Based on the plurality of NTC thermistors and the sensors, the low-temperature battery pack is detected to obtain the multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack, and the method comprises the following steps: Determine temperature data corresponding to the detection points of each NTC thermistor based on the real-time resistance signals of the multiple groups of NTC thermistors, and determine local temperature data and global temperature mean of the low-temperature battery pack based on the temperature data as temperature information of the low-temperature battery pack; Detect battery state information of the low-temperature battery pack based on the preset voltage sensor, the preset current sensor, and the preset battery detection module, wherein the preset battery detection module is configured to detect the AC impedance response of the low-temperature battery pack; Determine environmental information of the low-temperature battery pack according to the preset environmental sensor and the currently received IOT platform data; Filter the temperature information, the battery state information, and the environmental information to obtain multi-dimensional detection information of the low-temperature battery pack.

4. The battery powered method of a traveling wave fault detection device of claim 3, wherein, Detect battery state information of the low-temperature battery pack based on the preset voltage sensor, the preset current sensor, and the preset battery detection module, specifically including: Detect the operating state of the low-temperature battery pack through the preset voltage sensor and the preset current sensor to obtain first battery state information; The preset battery detection module sends a multi-frequency AC excitation signal of a specific frequency range to the low-temperature battery pack through the built-in signal generator, and collects the AC impedance response data of each cell unit in the low-temperature battery pack through the built-in voltage acquisition module, so that the preset battery detection module obtains the phase angle and impedance modulus value of the AC impedance response data; Determine whether the cell unit is abnormal based on the impedance modulus value and the preset impedance modulus value interval; If yes, inject a transient excitation into the abnormal cell unit to obtain relaxation voltage response data of the abnormal cell unit; Input the relaxation voltage response data, the phase angle, and the impedance modulus value of the AC impedance response data into the preset deep learning network to obtain second battery state information; Determine the battery state information of the low-temperature battery pack according to the first battery state information and the second battery state information.

5. The battery powered method of a traveling wave fault detection device of claim 3, wherein, Determine whether to trigger a heating instruction according to the multi-dimensional detection information and a preset heating trigger condition, specifically including: Obtain the current working mode of the low-temperature battery pack, and obtain the temperature information and environmental information of the multi-dimensional detection information; wherein the current working mode includes a low-temperature pre-activation mode and a running temperature maintenance mode; If it is determined that the current working mode is the low-temperature pre-activation mode, determine to trigger a heating instruction according to the global temperature mean, the local temperature value of the temperature information, and the environmental temperature corresponding to the environmental information; If it is determined that the current working mode is the running temperature maintenance mode, determine the current waste heat value of the traveling wave fault detection device according to the global temperature mean, the local temperature value of the temperature information, and the environmental temperature corresponding to the environmental information; Determine the temperature difference between the global temperature mean and the preset temperature maintenance threshold, and determine whether the current waste heat value is maintained according to the historical record corresponding to the current waste heat value; If not, trigger a heating instruction.

6. A battery powered method of a travelling wave fault detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, According to the global temperature mean, the local temperature value and the ambient temperature corresponding to the ambient information of the temperature information, a heating instruction is determined to be triggered, specifically including: If the ambient temperature is less than a preset first temperature threshold, or the global temperature mean is less than a preset second temperature threshold, or the local temperature value is less than a third temperature threshold, it is determined that the heating instruction is triggered; Wherein the preset first temperature threshold is less than the preset second temperature threshold, and the preset second temperature threshold is less than the third temperature threshold.

7. The battery powered method of a traveling wave fault detection device of claim 1, wherein, Based on the heating instruction, the working state of the traveling wave fault detection device is obtained, so as to determine the hierarchical heating strategy control according to the multi-dimensional detection information and the working state, and the heating plate is heated to obtain a heating result, specifically including: Based on the heating instruction, the working state of the traveling wave fault detection device is obtained; wherein the working state includes: unstarted state, standby state, detection state; If it is determined that the working state is the unstarted state, the total heat power corresponding to the heating temperature difference interval is determined based on the preset heating trigger condition of triggering the heating instruction, and the PID control data corresponding to the total heat power is obtained; wherein the PID control data includes: proportional coefficient, integral time constant, and differential time constant; If it is determined that the working state is the detection state or the standby state, the real-time current of the processor load rate and each calculation unit of the traveling wave fault detection device is obtained in real time, so as to determine the current waste heat output power of the traveling wave fault detection device according to the real-time current of the processor load rate and each calculation unit; According to the current waste heat output power and the total heat power corresponding to the heating temperature difference interval, the difference power is determined, and the PID control data corresponding to the total heat power is obtained according to the difference power; Based on the PID control data and the preset mapping rule, the PWM duty cycle is dynamically adjusted, so as to heat the low-temperature battery pack based on the NMOS switch of the PWM driving heating circuit.

8. The battery powered method of a traveling wave fault detection device of claim 1, wherein, By comparing the working state of the traveling wave fault detection device at the current time with the working state at the last time, the working state switching information of the traveling wave fault detection device is determined, so as to control the master-slave power supply switching of the low-temperature battery pack in combination with the working state switching information and the heating result, specifically including: The working state of the traveling wave fault detection device is monitored in real time, so as to compare the working state of the traveling wave fault detection device at the current time with the working state at the last time; If it is determined that the working state is switched from standby mode to detection state, the transient current support mechanism is started, the super capacitor group provides instantaneous large current, and the low-temperature battery pack is powered based on the master power supply; If it is determined that the working state is switched from the detection state to the standby state, the output current of the master power supply is reduced, and the low-power mode is switched to; According to the battery temperature change trend in the heating result and the real-time state of charge of the super capacitor group, the charging and discharging strategy of the master-slave power supply in the low-temperature battery pack is dynamically adjusted, and the battery pack charging and discharging is rotated.

9. A battery powered method of a travelling wave fault detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further comprises the following steps after the master-slave power supply switching is realized by controlling the low-temperature battery group based on the working state switching information and the heating result: The power supply voltage of the current power supply loop is monitored in real time to determine the power supply voltage fluctuation range of the current power supply loop based on the power supply voltage; If it is determined that the power supply voltage fluctuation range is greater than a preset fluctuation range threshold, the secondary switching of the master-slave power supply is triggered, and the power supply voltage fluctuation range is uploaded based on the CAN bus to facilitate the maintenance of the power supply abnormality corresponding to the power supply voltage fluctuation range.

10. A battery powered device for a travelling wave fault detection device, characterised in that, The device comprises a low-temperature battery group composed of master-slave power supplies, a heating plate closely attached to the low-temperature battery group, sensors located at multiple detection points of the low-temperature battery group, and a microcontroller electrically connected to the driving circuit of the heating plate and the sensors, respectively, wherein the heating plate has multiple groups of NTC thermistors, and the microcontroller is configured to execute the method of any one of claims 1-8.

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